In cloudy weather you can see the balcony leaking and water flooding the floor. It seems that all our work has been done in vain. There is no need to despair, because everything can be fixed.

To do this, it is necessary to waterproof the balcony from the inside in parallel with its sealing. If you have a question - how to waterproof a balcony, loggia and seal it, in this article we will try to give you the most complete answer. In addition, you will find here not only answers to all your questions, but also detailed diagrams, as well as illustrations. First, let's figure out what waterproofing is and why it is needed.

What is waterproofing

Waterproofing serves as protection building materials from water flowing through seam defects reinforced concrete structures. Performed by applying materials various types on the surface of the floor, ceiling, vertical partitions of the balcony, loggia. If waterproofing is not carried out correctly, water gets inside the room on the loggia, ceiling covering, after which active leaks begin.

Traces of water exposure on concrete structures clearly visible on open balconies (especially on upper floors). The edges balcony slab destroyed, junction load-bearing slab the house was crumbled through and through in places. Therefore, we immediately conclude - waterproofing open balcony necessary.

Sealing and waterproofing a balcony with your own hands can be done with a little construction experience. Let's consider the sequence in which waterproofing of balconies and loggias is carried out. Let us immediately note that waterproofing is carried out in parallel with sealing, which we will discuss below.

Waterproofing the balcony ceiling from the inside

We clean the top plate, which is the ceiling, from old plaster, we seal seams and cracks. We coat the entire ceiling with an antifungal antiseptic, for example, Belinka. We dilute a two-component polyurethane mastic (for example, Hyperdesmo), which forms a strong elastic seamless coating, which does not require preliminary leveling of the base.

After applying the first layer, we reinforce it with a mesh with a cell of 5x5 mm. Apply the second layer perpendicular to the dried first one. Let it dry completely waterproofing coating and then we begin work on . We glue foam sheets to the ceiling and attach a vapor barrier film (for example, Izospan) on top of them. . But this work is carried out when the waterproofing and sealing of balconies (loggias) is completely completed.

Applying waterproofing to the loggia ceiling

Waterproofing of walls, vertical partitions of balconies and loggias

We glue foil polystyrene foam to the cleaned, antiseptic-coated walls - the most optimal material For vertical surfaces, which also serves as a vapor barrier for the balcony. We seal the joints between the sheets. Apply two layers of polyurethane mastic for waterproofing. Let's move on to processing the floor.

Waterproofing the loggia from the inside with a vapor barrier coating

Floor waterproofing

Summarize. From our article you learned how important sealing and waterproofing balconies and loggias are. It's not very difficult to do these jobs. The main thing is accuracy and attentiveness.

Weather conditions are more likely to damage the balcony than the rest of the apartment, so try to pay attention to temperature changes and high humidity. If you have a habit of relaxing on the balcony or storing things there, be sure to take care of waterproofing.
Waterproofing protects the balcony from dampness, fungus and unpleasant humidity all the things left behind. Quality materials waterproofing will provide protection for balcony walls, floors and ceilings.

Cladding tiles, contrary to popular belief, do not protect concrete walls. Moisture will easily pass under such a barrier and significantly damage the strength and appearance of your balcony. Take care of waterproofing and you will significantly extend the life of your repair. In addition, waterproofing helps to resort to interesting techniques, for example, organizing winter garden right on the balcony. Suitable for plant and nature lovers, useful for people with weakened immune systems.

Why is it necessary?

It would seem, why insulate if the balcony already looks good, and you clean it regularly. But this one is worth missing out on important detail, and you won’t recognize your balcony.

He will lose appearance very quickly, because panels, tiles, decorative parts can simply fall off or change size.

Metal parts become rusty and brittle. This is not only not beautiful, but also dangerous, because you can accidentally lean on such railings.

You won't be able to weather it bad smell, because a plaque of mold and mildew forms.

It is unpleasant to be on such a balcony; in addition, you can seriously harm your health. Such a structure will collapse under the influence of moisture, dampness and rust, which means that not only you, but also those around you will suffer. That's why waterproofing is simply necessary, all that remains is to find out how to prepare for it.

Preparatory process

Remember that you need to prepare carefully, selecting all materials and as carefully as possible. If you do even one step incorrectly, then the entire waterproofing will lose all meaning.

1. Dismantling. Do it carefully, you need to remove the covering on the floor. Do not rush, otherwise you may damage the main surface.

2. Concrete. Inspect the surface carefully. If anything peels due to moisture, remove it immediately. It is better to remove it using a punch. Clean the concrete with a stiff brush. It is important to completely clean the dirt and get back to the original base.

3. Get rid of glue and cement.

4. We slightly expand the existing cracks and seams. This way the solution penetrates better into the screed. Before the solution gets there, you need to remove all debris, even the smallest.

5. Remove the concrete from the reinforcement. In principle, the fittings need to be cleaned and all rust and dirt removed. Easier and faster to use chemical compounds, they will easily remove everything and achieve an anti-corrosion coating.

6. We restore concrete, also using special compounds.

7. It is important to inspect the partition and roof for leaks, cracks, and old paint.

8. Cleaning the roof and partition.

9. Moisten the surface and remove any remaining glue and paint.

10. Preparation is complete, you can begin applying waterproofing.

An additional step is covering the roof with polystyrene foam. Protecting the roof from moisture is the first step to the excellent condition of your balcony.

Materials used

During the work you can use following materials, tools and compositions:

• measuring container so as not to make mistakes in proportions;
• bucket for diluting material;
• brush (hard bristles);
• jackhammer or hammer drill;
• compositions - Penecrit, Skrepa and Penetron are suitable;
• expanded polystyrene with foil;
• sealant;
• foam (necessarily without toluene);
• "KT throne";
• protective equipment: respirator, goggles, gloves.

There are two types of waterproofing materials: coating and penetrating. The latter only work with concrete, because there are pores and cracks. Coatings are ideal for wood, brick and stone.

It is very convenient to use waterproofing materials directly in rolls. But that's just additional protection, without special compounds, cracks may still form and mold may appear. Most often, for this purpose they buy special insulation with foil, mineral moisture or expanded polystyrene. The advantages of rolled ones are that they are very easy to install: simply cut and attach the slabs to the size of the balcony.

Treatment of roof, ceiling and partitions

Almost all surfaces on the balcony are treated the same way. But it is imperative to protect not only the floor, but also the partitions and roof from moisture. Select a coating or penetrating composition, cover it with polystyrene foam foil. Try to glue carefully so that the plates do not move and create gaps.

The roof is treated with special care. Also using compounds, filling the seams with sealant, attaching insulation.
Waterproofing is required for balconies on the top floor, then the roof above also needs to be covered with mastic or rolled material.

Such materials are often accompanied by detailed instructions, it is important to observe the proportions and drying time, otherwise you may not achieve the desired effect. If you are not sure about own strength, it is better to ask specialists for waterproofing.

Photo: vk.com, izoler.ru, ideas.vdolevke.ru

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Water is undoubtedly the basis of life, but it can also become a source of many troubles, and moisture on the balcony that appears after rain or melting snow is simply a “disaster.” If this were limited to one’s own problems, then they could also be supplemented by very unpleasant explanations with neighbors.

Waterproofing the balcony successfully helps prevent excess moisture on the balcony. This is very important stage in arranging a balcony during repairs and finishing, and carrying out such work involves not only sealing all seams using sealants, say, polyurethane foam, but also:

• frame protection and wooden products using water-repellent agents - they are covered with drying oil, enamels, oil paint, transparent impregnation or varnish;
• installation of a low tide, an external cornice that does not allow water to flow under the frame;
• surface treatment of all wooden parts antiseptics, which are necessary to protect parts from fungus and bacteria and, as a result, from rotting of materials

It’s interesting that despite the huge selection of wood antiseptics, drying oil still copes with this task perfectly.

Selecting materials for waterproofing balconies

The specifics of the work require particularly thoughtful steps, including when choosing materials, since correcting any defect involves a significant investment of money and time. In addition, it would not be amiss to remember the well-known expression used by professionals:

There is no bad or good waterproofing, either it is there or it is not.

Today, two types of materials are used for balconies - pasting (roll) and coating.

Pasting hydromaterials

TehnoNikol

Traditional waterproofing coatings are rolled materials. They are:

• built-up, when laying which a burner is used;
• self-adhesive is more modern version, which, judging by the name, does not need additional explanation.

Experts note the reliability and durability of such waterproofing, although this process itself is quite labor-intensive. To implement it you need:

• surface prepared with special care - the greatest permissible unevenness is 2 mm;
• dry base, which is treated with a bitumen primer;
• extreme care in gluing the canvas.

This type is the most economical, and of its two options, the use of self-adhesive materials is preferable. The material is laid easily and simply - cut and paste. It is fixed over the entire area, thereby eliminating accidental displacement of the waterproofing material, and you can walk on the coating immediately after installation, without any damage to it.

But this type of waterproofing also has an important drawback - the rolled membrane laid on the base must be filled with screed, which is then finished with a finishing material, for example.

Ruberoid

One of the most common rolled materials used for waterproofing balconies is roofing felt. It is laid using a fusing method using a torch.

Penofol or foam foil is rightfully considered an excellent material. This rolled material, which is a porous polyethylene coated with a metallized Mylar film, looks like ordinary polyethylene with a layer of foil applied. It is also known as foilisolone.

folgoizolone

Balcony waterproofing made with foil-isolon is reliable and durable, thanks to the excellent characteristics of the material. It does not accumulate moisture at all and reflects ultra-violet rays, . Folgoizolon also acts as a heat insulator. It is enough to note that the waterproofing of a balcony with a 4 mm coating is quite comparable to brickwork 1.5 bricks. If the work with folgoizolon is carried out correctly, there is no need for additional waterproofing. Although, if desired, it can be improved with an additional layer of roofing material or the seams can be sealed with polyurethane foam. Usually foil isolon is spread on the floor or nailed to the walls, and it is advisable to do this on flat surface, as tightly as possible and without gaps. It should be noted that the cost of this domestic material is about three dollars per square meter.

Coating waterproofing of balcony

Today, pasting materials are gradually replacing coating materials. This is a large group of various waterproofing materials, which includes sealants, cement and cement-polymer, bitumen and polymer mastics. Coating (liquid) compositions are almost universal and completely “unpretentious” - they are applied with a spatula or brush to any surface. This provides significant time savings, since there is no need for intermediate steps that precede finishing.

bitumen mastic

The most famous type of coating materials are bitumen (or bitumen-polymer and rubber) mastics. They are based on oxidized bitumen, to which organic solvents and various fillers such as crumb rubber, plasticizer, latex, which increase the elasticity of the coating. Bitumen mastics are distinguished by their good adhesion to the base and increased resistance to external influences. But in order to ensure the quality of the coating, the application of such materials must be followed by pouring the screed.

To avoid shrinkage cracks in the screed, it is recommended to add reinforcing polypropylene fiber to it, which, on the one hand, increases the resistance and abrasion strength of cement and concrete foundations, and on the other hand, it reduces the likelihood of cracks.

Another option coating waterproofing are cement-polymer mastics, in the manufacture of which a dry mixture of cement with mineral filler. It is sealed with water or a special emulsion binder, or a polymer dispersion (silicone, acrylic or vinyl).

The cement component of these coatings ensures their good adhesion to the base, and plasticizers help when working on non-rigid surfaces. The binding polymer components, having penetrated into the pores of the base, seal them hermetically. It turns out thin layer coatings of 1-3 mm.

Waterproofing technology

Preparing the base

Another important factor in obtaining high-quality waterproofing of a loggia or balcony, in addition to the choice of material, is carrying out work in strict accordance with the technology of its construction.

High-quality waterproofing of a balcony using technology first of all begins with cleaning the base of the surface of balconies and loggias from traces of oil, paint, tiles, dirt, dust and other substances that can impair adhesion. For these purposes, use a stiff brush and a vacuum cleaner, preferably an industrial one.

The base prepared in this way is treated with a primer (primer composition). Apply it to the surface to be treated with a brush, then thoroughly rub it into all the cracks. Using a smaller brush, additionally process connecting seams and other hard-to-reach and narrow areas.

It is important not to make a mistake in choosing a primer, since, for example, primers intended for highly porous and poorly absorbent surfaces have a different physical and chemical nature, and therefore are suitable only for the “native” base.

• Permissible unevenness of the base should not exceed 2 mm.
• The surface of the base should not contain even small sharp protrusions.
• Leveling screeds (made of gypsum, gypsum sand, cement-sand mortars) should be laid in strips along guide beacons 2-3 m wide.
• Before applying cement-polymer materials to porous surfaces (plaster, cement screeds, concrete, etc.) that have not been primed should be moistened with a spray bottle or sponge clean water. This will prevent the waterproofing solution from drying out too quickly.
• As for the main places increased risk leaks - joints of vertical and horizontal surfaces (they are also called conditionally movable joints) - they can be sealed with a sealing, reinforcing elastic tape, which, when the structure diverges, stretches, and after it returns to its place, compresses. And at the same time the tightness of the joints is maintained. You can also nail fillets to the floor to close the gap between the wall and the floor.
• The required moisture content of the prepared base is 4%. It is very important to adhere to this parameter, because after finishing waterproofing works excess moisture will remain inside the resulting structure and will only contribute to its leaching, erosion, and gradual reduction bearing capacity until her premature loss.
• New screeds must be kept for a certain period of time (for example, for cement-sand screeds - this is 28 days) so that the shrinkage processes are completely completed and the possibility of cracking is reduced as much as possible.

Preparing the mixture

Some coating mastics, in particular bitumen and polymer ones, are produced ready for use. As for the materials on cement based, then they are supplied in the form of a dry mixture. According to the ratio specified in the instructions, the dry mixture is poured into a container with the required volume clean water and mix thoroughly with a mechanical stirrer (electric drill equipped with a special attachment) until a homogeneous mass without lumps and clots is obtained. It is given 3-5 minutes to mature, after which the solution is mixed again. It is already ready for use. Optimal temperature water for its preparation is considered to be 15-20°C.

The solution retains its viability for 40 minutes -1.5 hours, so the mixture is diluted in a small amount and applied immediately.

The quality of the resulting waterproofing mixture depends largely on the cleanliness and accuracy of the craftsman. Thus, in two-component cement-polymer compositions, the components can enter into chemical reaction with each other (say, a cement-sand mixture with latex). Therefore, it is so important to strictly follow the proportions specified by the manufacturer and the above sequence of work:

1. dry powder is poured into liquid,
2. stir,
3. leave for a few minutes
4. mix again.

And what is equally important is the use of clean containers. A typical situation: you want to take a break, but you didn’t have time to use up the solution completely. It is thrown away, and a new portion is mixed in the same container. As a result, the result is practically garbage; when water gets in, the layer of waterproofing obtained in this way quickly gets wet.

You must strictly follow the rule: thoroughly wash the container you are using before any new batch or buy mixtures already packaged in buckets intended for mixing. The second option is guaranteed to ensure the cleanliness of the container and the absence of violations of the proportions for each portion of the composition.

Application of waterproofing

Roll materials

• Prepare in advance and cut out pieces of adhesive waterproofing to the required size.
• Heat up using a hair dryer or a burner.
• They cover the joints between the balcony and the wall and the surface (from the wall, in the direction of the water).
• Particular attention and compliance with safety precautions is required when working with liquid fuel burners.

Coating materials

• To carry out work on the device, the temperature of the environment and the surface to be finished should not be lower than +15°C, and the air humidity should not exceed 60%. It is necessary to maintain this temperature around the clock, starting at least two days before the start of work and another 12 after its completion.
• Waterproofing is evenly applied to the base with a brush, smooth spatula or roller.
• Time, necessary for the composition for drying and hardening, depending on the thickness of the layer, temperature and humidity of the room, may vary.
• Before continuing work (laying screed or finishing flooring) it is necessary to check that the moisture content of the mixture used corresponds to the permissible value for this type of material.

Additional waterproofing is provided by installing on. Another option is to use frames designed for glazing balconies. skylights– they are perfectly thermally and waterproofed, convenient to open and lock, and look quite aesthetically pleasing.

September 9, 2016
Specialization: Capital construction works(laying a foundation, erecting walls, constructing a roof, etc.). Internal construction work (laying internal communications, rough and fine finishing). Hobbies: mobile communications, high technology, computer equipment, programming.

Few people know that waterproofing a balcony is one of the important and mandatory stages of its construction or finishing. For example, my son has country house it is located above the bay window. And if I had not taken appropriate measures in time, rain and melt water would have penetrated into the living quarters, because the airtightness concrete slab not enough to retain moisture.

Three days ago I was waterproofing an open balcony in my client’s private home and this was an excellent opportunity to prepare the appropriate material for you. The instructions below describe how to do everything quickly and efficiently.

The need for waterproofing

First, I want to say a few words about how important waterproofing is. wooden balcony in a country house or a concrete loggia in a city apartment. If you neglect this stage of construction and finishing, you risk in the near future not only losing the exquisite finishing of this room, but also encountering leaks in the rooms.

I can name offhand only the most Negative consequences operation of balconies and loggias (especially open ones) without a waterproofing layer:

• damage decorative material which you used to arrange the auxiliary premises;
• corrosion metal parts balcony and balcony slab reinforcement;
• the appearance of fungi, mold and other microorganisms (this is especially dangerous if the balcony is wooden).

The worst option of all is a violation of integrity load-bearing structures balcony They can rot or rust to such an extent that the structure becomes dangerous to operate.

It is very important to waterproof the balcony when insulating it with mineral wool insulators. Their technical characteristics deteriorate greatly when wet, so the layer of insulating wool must be carefully protected from the penetration of atmospheric moisture.

Let me immediately note one more important point. If you are waterproofing an open balcony under tiles or similar flooring, you must take measures to ensure that rain or melt water that gets inside is removed through specially equipped drain holes. Otherwise, during a heavy rainfall or spring melting of snow, it will quickly turn into a swimming pool.

Waterproofing materials

I hope I have convinced you that it is necessary to protect your balcony or loggia from water. Now I’ll move on to talk about what materials can be used for this. Description of all technical characteristics each waterproofer is not the purpose of this article, so I’ll go through it briefly:

1. Cast. These are polymer compositions that are heated to a fluid state and applied to the surfaces being treated (most often floors). I think it's a plus excellent efficiency(the hardened polymer is absolutely sealed and has no seams). The downside is the risk of cracks appearing when the treated slab is deformed. As an example, I can name Drizoro Maxelastic Pur.

1. Painting room. Materials based on bitumen resins, which, after hardening, form a homogeneous, hermetic and elastic membrane that does not allow water to pass through to building structures. I often use bitumen mastics for treating balconies from the inside with your own hands. They are applied with a brush, roller or spatula and work very effectively. An example of such a material is TechnoNIKOL mastic.

1. Deep penetration. Waterproofing compounds (for example, Penetron), which, after being applied to wooden or mineral surfaces, penetrate into the material and form directed crystals there that retain water, but do not prevent air infiltration. This is very effective method waterproofing, if the high price does not stop you.

1. Pasting. Rolled materials are used, which are rolled out over the surfaces to be treated and fixed to them using glue or bitumen.

The disadvantage of this method is the need to seal the joints. And the installation technology itself is quite complex. But the cost waterproofing membranes not tall.

I use combinations in my practice various materials. For example, if the interior waterproofing of a balcony floor can be done with coating mastic, then, for example, it is better to protect the roof with adhesive membranes. A hard to reach places treat with penetrating impregnations.

Balcony waterproofing technology

Well, now I’ll move on directly to describing the process of waterproofing a balcony. Let me remind you that in my case we're talking about about a balcony with a concrete floor slab and a fence, which is located on the 5th floor of a standard high-rise building in the city.

Surface preparation

I always start with careful preparation surfaces. First you need to clean the concrete floor and partially the walls from old finishing materials(if any), balances mortar, oil and greasy stains, dust and other contaminants that can negatively affect the adhesive properties of the floor.

For this purpose, I use a stiff brush or vacuum cleaner, which quickly and efficiently removes dust from the mineral surface.

Then I treat the surfaces with a primer (), which improves the adhesive properties of the balcony floor and helps reduce the consumption of waterproofing composition. I always prime the surfaces twice with drying the layers in between (which takes about two hours).

While inspecting the concrete floor slab, I discovered several defects in the foundation. If the same thing happened to you, listen to how to repair:

1. First of all, you need to remove all the pieces of concrete that peel off and fall off on their own. In these places, I additionally worked with a hammer drill chisel, so that later shifts in the base would not violate the integrity of the waterproofing layer.
2. I didn’t touch two very small cracks with a chisel, but filed them down a little with a grinder and a cutting disc. Then I filled in all the defects cement mortar and carefully leveled them with a spatula (naturally, I removed dust and debris from them before using a vacuum cleaner).

1. In one place, the slab broke off so that a piece of reinforcing rod became visible. I cleaned it with sandpaper to remove traces of corrosion, and then coated the surface with an anti-corrosion compound.

1. Then I also sealed this recess with a rod on top with cement mortar. But you can also use special repair compounds for surfaces (for example, Neocret).

Having finished the repair, I took elastic tape (Lipex K-2) and used it to glue the joints between the horizontal surface of the floor and the vertical surfaces of the walls (the so-called movable joints). This sealing tape will help maintain the integrity of the waterproof membrane during possible movements of the balcony base.

After all preparatory work You should get a surface that meets the following requirements:

1. The maximum permissible difference in height of the treated surface should not exceed 2 mm.
2. There should be no sharp protrusions on the floor that could disrupt the integrity of the waterproofing layer being formed.
3. Surface humidity should not exceed 4%. If this parameter is higher, excess moisture will be locked inside the floor slab, which will lead to gradual leaching of the mineral surface and, as a result, deterioration of the load-bearing capacity.

If you are going to waterproof a porous base (for example, foam blocks), then, on the contrary, you need to moisten it a little, otherwise the dehydration of the sealing mastic will not proceed correctly and it will not form a waterproof layer.

Having finished preparing the surfaces, you can proceed to preparing the selected waterproofing material for work.

Preparing the sealing mixture

In the case I am describing, I used bitumen-polymer mastic, which was supplied in a bucket and was already ready to work without any additional effort on my part. But some waterproofing agents (for example, cement-based) are sold in the form of a dry powder that needs to be prepared.

To do this, the dry mixture is poured into a container, where it is added required quantity water (the temperature of the liquid should be between 15 and 20 degrees Celsius), after which this entire mass is mixed using a drill with a special nozzle. You should get a homogeneous mass without the slightest lumps.

Then you need to leave this mass for 3-5 minutes so that all components are activated (the solution is “ripened”), and then mix it all again. The solution obtained in this way remains suitable for an hour. Therefore there is no need to breed a large number of solution, otherwise it may harden before you use it.

The cleanliness of the container is very important for the quality of the prepared solution. Never mix a new portion of solution in the same bucket where the old one remains waterproofing material. Otherwise it will be leaky waterproofing layer, but ordinary garbage, which you will then have to clean off and perform all the procedures again.

This is why, by the way, I prefer to use ready-made mastic.

Application of waterproofing

Well, now it’s time to tell you all the secrets of applying mastic to the balcony floor. Here, as you understand, you don’t need to be a genius. It is enough to take into account the following points:

1. You can only work if the temperature of the air and the surface being treated is above + 15 degrees Celsius, and the humidity does not exceed 60%.
   Moreover, if the work is carried out on a glazed and insulated balcony, then it is necessary to create such conditions there in advance, no later than two days before the start of work. In addition, the same temperature and humidity must be maintained for 12 hours after applying the mastic so that it polymerizes normally.
2. I apply waterproofing on the surface of the balcony with a wide brush. If the mastic is thick, it can be spread with a spatula.

1. The hardening time depends on the thickness of the applied layer and the type of mastic. Typically, further work on installing the floor covering can be carried out two days after treatment.

Features of ceiling waterproofing

Sometimes it becomes necessary to waterproof not only the horizontal balcony slab, but also the ceiling of the balcony (for example, when it is located on the top floor). In this case, I advise using adhesive waterproofing with adhesive layer, activated with high temperature (gas burner or a hair dryer).

In this case, the work flow will be as follows:

1. I pre-cut sheets of adhesive waterproofing (for example, TechnoNIKOL) into pieces of the required length.
2. After this, I heat the surface of the material using a gas burner.
3. I lay the membrane on a previously cleaned and repaired surface.
4. I glue the next strip so that it overlaps the previous one at a distance of about 10 cm.
5. After installing the first layer of waterproofing over the entire surface of the balcony, I seal the joints between the strips using liquid bitumen.
6. Then I lay the second layer of waterproofing, but so that the strips run perpendicular to the bottom ones. In this case, maximum water resistance is ensured.

Summary

Now you know how to waterproof a balcony with your own hands. If you are interested in the specifics of performing work in wooden house, you can see them in the video in this article. And I would like to ask you how you waterproof the balcony roof on top floor? What do you do to prevent water from getting inside? Post your answers in the comments to the material.

September 9, 2016

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Modern balconies have ceased to be storage rooms, warehouses and those rooms in which the oldest and completely unnecessary trash was stored. Now these small rooms have begun to be used in exactly the same way as the space inside the apartment. In other words, the balcony and loggia have become full-fledged rooms that can be converted into your office, combined with a living room, or simply made into a pleasant place where you can relax, drink a cup of coffee or read a book.

Waterproofing a balcony or loggia is a mandatory process if you plan to improve it. When insulating premises from the inside, it is waterproofing that allows repairs to be carried out correctly and without violating technology. Waterproofing prevents moisture from entering from the street and causing mold and other problems.

In addition, there are a number of understandable reasons why you should not skip this moment during finishing work:

1. If the ceiling is leaking, you will soon have to deal with damage to the finishing of the balcony. Any decorative panel or even more so, the wallpaper will begin to peel off and deteriorate over time.
2. If holes on the balcony leak, then corrosion on the metal structure begins very quickly.
3. By eliminating the penetration of moisture inside, you can avoid the formation of fungus, which not only spoils the aesthetics of the room, but is also dangerous to health.
4. Due to constant dampness, the integrity of supporting structures on the balcony, which over time makes it unsafe for use.

Specialized impregnations are used for concrete and wood. They deep penetration and are embedded in the structure of the canvas, which preserves its integrity and prevents water from getting inside. Wood processing should be done only in the warm season, so that the material can dry completely.

For wood it is better to choose acrylic impregnation or made on the basis of drying oil.

Paste-type waterproofing is rolled materials that are rolled out overlapping over the entire surface of the balcony and loggia. Where the fabric is joined, gluing the layers with a special moisture-resistant mastic is required.

How to waterproof a balcony roof

Some people think that you can waterproof the outside and that will be enough, however, when water leaks through the gap, this is not the worst thing. Moisture can even penetrate through microscopic cracks in the floor, walls and roof. If the balcony is made of wood, in particular, we are talking about a wooden house, then the material is initially treated with an antiseptic. This prevents, again, mold and mildew, as well as drying out and loss of proper appearance. Some experts advise choosing liquid rubber as a base, and only then lay the material, regardless of the type.

Sealing of a balcony roof with a bay window is required to prevent:

• Dampness;
• Drafts;
• Leakage.

Installing ceiling waterproofing begins with sealing holes and cracks with polyurethane-based sealant. If the cracks are too large, then the use of polyurethane foam and polyethylene filler is required.

In addition, waterproofing the top slab, either with your own hands or with the help of a professional, is carried out through the use of a special penetrating composition.

The material penetrates deep inside and there forms a durable sheet of waterproofing crystals. After the primer has dried, you can lay polystyrene foam or any other insulation material and even tiles.

We seal the balcony

It is worth noting that the improvement of a balcony, especially an open one, begins with glazing. Only in this way can the concept of leakage of water and other sediments be eliminated. After this, it is executed step-by-step instruction without violations, so that later you don’t have to redo the repair again.

Instructions:

1. Sealing the room begins with preparing the surfaces. They are cleaned of debris, dust and dirt.
2. If there are destructions of the slabs or too large openings, they are eliminated.
3. If you have an old one decorative covering, you should delete it.

Each stage is carried out carefully, carefully and without haste. This is required in order not to damage the integrity of the slab coatings and so that they do not crack, since in this case additional renovation work, means and strength. When dismantling the balcony floor, remove the covering from the floor very carefully. A full inspection of the concrete slab is carried out for cracks and potholes. You need to clean the concrete with a stiff brush so that there is no small debris.

Using a grinder, you need to widen the cracks, if they are small, and if they are large, then they are leveled, which allows you to fill the floor with screed more evenly and thoroughly.

If the reinforcement is visible, then the concrete is removed and the reinforcement is cleaned of rust, and it is better to carry out mechanical cleaning. Restoration underway concrete covering. It is necessary to inspect the roof of the balcony and find problem areas through which moisture and water can penetrate. All partitions, ledges and ceilings are cleaned of debris, glue and paint residues.

Proper waterproofing of balcony slabs

Waterproofing a balcony in a private wooden house or an ordinary multi-apartment panel house is generally no different. The most important thing is to choose the right materials, which may differ.

The difference is in:

• Properties;
• Method of application;
• Cost;
• Service life.

Laying waterproofing - not too much difficult process, and it is quite possible to do it yourself without turning to a master. If the base of the roof, walls or floor is concrete, then a special penetrating compound is needed. For polyurethane surface, as well as for brick and stone, coating mixtures are used, and the compositions must have an increased degree of moisture resistance.

Cast waterproofing is carried out by using heated to a liquid state polymer composition, which is used to fill exclusively the floor.

The material has excellent moisture resistance, but it is very easy to deform. Painted waterproofing is applied like a regular dye, which prevents the penetration of moisture. The method is not expensive, simple, but there are many disadvantages. Working with wooden canvas, you will need to constantly paint. Negative temperature Such insulation does not tolerate water and dampness at all and, during sudden cold snaps, can lose its properties.

How to waterproof a loggia from the inside

It is very important to waterproof the surface of the floor, walls and ceiling, whether in a country house or in an apartment. This is especially required for premises in apartment buildings which are located on the first floor. It is waterproofing, done correctly, that will prevent the penetration of dampness and moisture from the basement, which often causes the formation of mold and mildew. In order for the repair to be carried out according to all the rules, you need to prepare the necessary tools.

Namely, it is desirable to have:

• Jackhammer;
• Hammer;
• Angle grinder;
• Synthetic bristle brushes;
• Metal brush;
• Basin made of soft plastic;
• Trowels;
• Measuring container.

Do-it-yourself balcony waterproofing (video)

The options for materials and waterproofing methods discussed above are affordable and easy to work with. If you follow the technology correctly, you can achieve excellent result in the shortest possible time and at low cost. In the absence of even a small stock of knowledge on repair and finishing works, it is better to choose a specialist, since illiterate waterproofing and other actions can lead to the harmful consequences described above.