DSP is a product for a wide range of construction purposes, which is based on two diverse components: cement, which is of mineral origin, and wood shavings - a natural organic raw material.

The slabs combine the advantages of concrete and fiberboard products, demonstrate great strength and absolute environmental safety.

Manufacturing process

DSP panels are made in several stages, the most important of which is the stage of preparation of raw materials. The composition of the composite product includes the following components:

• cement, reaching 65%;
• wood chips equal to 24%.

For effective enveloping of two types of components, hydration, binding fillers are introduced in an amount equal to approximately 2%. The entire working mixture is wetted with water, the mass fraction of which should not exceed 9%.

Raw material preparation

At the stage of preparation of raw materials, the chips are crushed and dispersed into two fractions. Pieces with smaller dimensions in the manufacture of DSP boards will be located in the outer layers, with larger parameters - in the inner core of the board.

To ensure the safety of wood raw materials for a long time, it is impregnated with solutions of aluminum salts and liquid glass. Processing provides chip resistance to biological contamination, increasing the strength of the fibers that perform a reinforcing function in the composition of the composite.

Mixing and pressing

At the next stage, the chips, the solution of additives and cement must be combined and thoroughly mixed, achieving a completely homogeneous mass. This can be done only with the help of special mixers of high power, adjustable rotation intensity. Wood pieces are not very well covered with mineral cement powder, so sometimes a small portion of fuel oil and industrial (technical) oil is added to the mixture.

Upon reaching absolute homogeneity, the mixture is placed in layers in pallets, which are placed on top of each other and placed under a press. After exposure high pressure compressed cement-chip mass, fixed in molds with latches, is transferred to thermal chambers, where heating is carried out during one working shift.

Then the molds are removed from the chamber, returned again under the press, where the locking clips are removed. For the final acquisition of all performance characteristics, the formed DSP sheets are transferred to storage facilities, where they are kept for 2 weeks, periodically drying air flow, heated to 100 °C.

On the final stage plates are formatted according to size, packaged, sent to storage rooms for finished products.

Sheet sizes

The national standard regulates the subdivision of the material according to the general physical and mechanical parameters and dimensions of the DSP boards into 2 groups. The length of the products is 3.2 and 3.6 m. In the first group, fluctuations of the parameter in one direction or another by 3 mm are allowed, in the second group - by 5 mm.

The standard widths are 1.2 and 1.25 m, the trend in the allowable parameter fluctuations is the same. Errors in the geometric parameters of products of the 2nd group are always greater.

The thickness of the sheets is different:

• in one category it reaches 10 mm with a minimum of 8 mm;
• in the other - 16 with a minimum of 12 mm;
• in the third - 28 with a minimum of 18 mm;
• in the fourth - 40 with a minimum value of the range of 30 mm.

Thickness fluctuations allowed by the standard vary from 0.6 to 1.4 mm in the first group of DSP boards and from 0.8 to 1.6 mm in the second group.

The regulations stipulate the strict perpendicularity of the intersecting sides of the plates, the normalized dimensions of the diagonals, the limited deviation from the plane, which is equal to a maximum of 0.8 mm for the 1st group, and a maximum of 1 mm for the second.

The standard specifies the number of flaws, the presence of which is permissible. The possibility of chipping on DSP boards is completely excluded, the number of possible spots of any origin and dents is strictly regulated. The requirements for products with the designation TsSP-1 are more stringent than for products TsSP-2. Delaminations, foreign inclusions, mechanical defects are completely excluded for the entire range of materials.

physical characteristics

For evaluating the operational capabilities of DSP sheets, physical parameters are of decisive importance.

Weight

It is possible to plan the conditions of transportation, installation, knowing the value of the weight of the DSP, which is determined by the dimensions and density of the products. Minimum specific gravity cement particle board is 1100 kg / m 3, the maximum is 300 units more.

As an example: one sheet with a density of 1300 kg / m 3 and dimensions of 2700 x 1250 x 10 weighs almost 44 kg (43.88).

From this, the obvious conclusion is that the material is very heavy. One cubic meter of panels will weigh almost one and a half tons. The buyer must make thorough preparations for the delivery and subsequent use of panels with such a weight.

Humidity

The normalized humidity of the DSP is 9%, the standard legalizes fluctuations in the value by a third in the direction of increase or decrease. The sufficiently large value of possible deviations is apparently due to the structural features of the composite.

DSP-products during control tests per day can increase in size in thickness by 2%, which occurs due to the absorption of moisture in an amount that can be 16% of the initial sheet weight. This factor must be taken into account when storing plates and installing it on the front of the house, outside of industrial buildings.

Strength

The presence of wood fibers in the composite made it possible to impart good strength properties to the material. Thus, the maximum strength under bending loads for the thickest sheet is 12 MPa, for the thinnest - 7 MPa. If tensile forces, estimated at 0.35 MPa, are applied to the plate, it will not change. Since the strength of DSP boards is higher than that of plywood, they are actively used for the construction of formwork.

The standard standardizes the permissible surface roughness, which is 4 times less for sanded panels than for unsanded ones. For the manufacture of formwork, it is quite possible to purchase slabs that have not been sanded. Facade decoration can be made beautiful both with the help of polished products, and by installing CSP boards with roughness, which have undergone additional decorative processing.

fire safety

From chemical composition and technological features production logically follows the high resistance of DSP-panels to ignition, the minimum tendency, equal to almost zero, to the spread of flame. In the case of strong heating of the cement-bonded material, there is a negligible possibility of the formation of gases and smoke during combustion. At the same time, the toxicity of the released thermal oxidation products is very low.

Note! It is safe to say that DSP-plates are a fireproof material.

Wood shavings burn remarkably well on their own, but as part of the composite, they are soaked through with mineral agents, surrounded by particles of Portland cement, which reduces fire hazard down to zero. The combustibility of DSP panels in accordance with the generally accepted classification is designated as G1.

Frost resistance

One of the important characteristics of CSP boards is frost resistance. The ability of panels made from a mixture of cement and shavings to endure frost is impressive. Even if the finish undergoes defrosting and then freezing 50 times during the winter (although such frequent temperature changes are extremely rare), the strength of the coating will decrease by only 10%. DSP-plates can be used outdoors for half a century without any problems.

Varieties of DSP

The production of CSP boards in Russia has been implemented in the industry for about thirty years. During this time, domestic and foreign technologies changed, which led to the appearance on the market of new similar materials, for example, such as:

• fibrolite;
• wood concrete;
• xylolite.

The composition of the fiberboard includes cement and wood fibers so thin that they are called wool. The material is soft to the touch, well isolates sound, has high strength and resistance to cracking.

Arbolit is a mixed composite consisting of cement and wood chips, shavings, pieces of reed stalks and rice straw. The material is not very durable, suitable for the construction of light partitions. Unlike DSP-plate, which is quite applicable for flooring, wood concrete will not withstand such a load.

A feature of xylolite is increased resistance to water, achieved due to the introduction of Sorel cement into the composite mass. Xylolithic panels can be laid on the floor, laid on the roof, placed in any place where it is possible to get a large number water.

Application features

Cement-bonded panels can be laid on ceilings, installed as partitions or main walls, sheathed house frames, finished part of the walls above the foundation (plinth). It is known to use DSP-plate for the floor instead of cement screed. The material perfectly copes with the load, besides it provides thermal insulation.

Mounting plates

To fix the structures, galvanized helical nails are suitable, when choosing the length of which, one should take into account the thickness of the sheet and the total dimensions of the cake. You can also use self-tapping screws, for which holes are pre-prepared.

Due to the large mass of panels Special attention the recommended distances between fasteners must be observed. To do this, it is advisable to use special tables, which are compiled taking into account the value of the sheet thickness and the location of the fastener.

In addition to fixing along the perimeter, intermediate fixings are necessarily made on the tile, usually located in the middle part of the height. In the gaps, the DSP can be fixed half as often as along the edge lines.

Plates can be formatted with the usual quality tools designed to work with materials of high hardness.

External finishing of plates

Sanding the surface layer is not worth it, because this can lead to an increase in the tendency to absorb moisture. When joining wall structures, there may be a need for leveling the height, which is somewhat more difficult to do than when working, for example, with a brick. In such situations, it is allowed to use any grinding machine, the main thing is that the grain size fits up to No. 25, then damage to the structure will not occur.

For finishing DSP surfaces are usually plastered and painted. This reduces their ability to absorb moisture. The material lasts longer, does not crumble.

joints

When working with DSP, it is important to leave a sufficient distance at the joints, which should be at least 4 mm indoors, and 8 mm outdoors. If this requirement is ignored, cracking of the seam joints may occur. A sufficiently large space is covered with elastic plastic or sealant.

External junctions are sometimes decorated with slats or profiles made of aluminum alloys; a special elastic cord can be laid inside at the junctions.

During the construction of private housing constructions, customers who want to provide the building with maximum fire safety, choose a project option with the manufacture of SIP panels from DSP sheets. At the same time, an inorganic heater of mineral origin is laid between two layers made of a mixture of cement and shavings. The resulting design demonstrates strength, environmental friendliness, fire safety.

The first enterprises for the production of cement-bonded particle boards (CSP) were opened in the USSR at the end of the eighties of the last century, and many of them are still functioning. Cement and particle boards are not as popular as plywood, gypsum board or OSB, but it is a versatile material with a wide range of applications and high technical and operational characteristics. Members of the FORUMHOUSE portal are aware of all the advantages of DSP and actively use them, including on the facades of their houses.

Cement particle board - raw material base, manufacturing method, technical characteristics

One of the main advantages of these plates is the natural composition - they do not contain formaldehydes and other aggressive chemicals released into the environment during operation. The products of different industries may differ in the composition of mineral additives, but the quantitative proportion of each group of substances used is unchanged:

• Binder (Portland cement m500, GOST 10178-85) - 65%;
• Wood shavings - 24%;
• Water - 8.5%;
• Hydration (mineralizing) additives - 2.5%.

DSP is a composite material made from a mixture of cement and smooth, thin wood chips. conifers. Since wood contains sugars and other substances that adversely affect cement and impede the formation of a monolithic structure, mineralizing additives are used to neutralize them. It can be calcium chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, sodium silicates and others. The chips are processed with reagents, mixed with cement until a homogeneous mass is formed, after which it is sent for molding. To increase strength and obtain a smooth and uniform surface, the plates are formed from several layers, which differ both in chip size and location. Most often there are three layers - the middle one, from coarser and larger chips, the outer ones - from smaller ones. Some industries form a chip-cement carpet of four layers, but the principle is the same - large fractions inside. The formed plates are pressed under pressure of 1.8-2.0 MPa, after which they are subjected to heat treatment in the hardening chamber (8 hours at 50-80⁰С, humidity 50-60%). The parameters of the finished plates must comply with GOST 26816-86, there is also a European standard - EN 634-2.

The plates have a lot of physical and technical characteristics that will say little to the average consumer, who is mostly interested in
does the DSP stove burn, so consider the main ones:

According to the regulations, the plates can be either 1250 mm or 1200 mm wide. The first option is outdated, although many enterprises, especially the "mastodons" of the industry, still produce slabs of this width. Length: two main sizes are common - either 2700 mm or 3200, but there are options for 3000 mm each, and the necessary parameters can be made to order. With a lot of advantages, the plates have a significant drawback - due to the raw material base, they turn out to be quite heavy. The thinnest slab, 8x1250x3200 mm, will weigh about 36 kg, and a 40 mm thick slab with the same dimensions will already weigh 185 kg. Therefore, when working with slabs, an assistant is usually required, for unloading a large amount - equipment, and the limitation on the use on the facade is a height of more than three floors. But this material is used in almost all construction areas, depending on the thickness:

• Internal wall cladding - 8-12 mm;
• Interior partitions- 8-20 mm;
• Roofing systems, facade cladding - 10-16 mm;
• Draft floor (overlapping, floating screed) - 16-26 mm;
• Formwork - 14-26 mm;
• Enclosing structures during the construction of frame houses - 10-40 mm.

DSP plate: application for outdoor work

One of the options use of DSP– cladding screen in ventilated facade systems. It turns out a smooth, resistant to external influences surface, completely ready for finishing. Since an expansion joint (6-8 mm, at least 4 mm) is required during the installation of plates, most often such sheathing is combined with half-timbered trim. It is also possible to paint the canvas with facade paints, like one of our users.

glebomater FORUMHOUSE Member

I have a foam house, DSP outside and inside. Outside, it is painted with facade water-based emulsion on sheets, it holds up perfectly, on the inside, wallpaper on DSP - everything is fine. Together, it’s really possible to hang, a slab is sawn by a grinder, with a disk on a stone.

The technology for mounting the DSP on the facade is standard: a crate made of wooden beams or metal rails, with a step between the posts of 600-625 mm (binding to the width of the slab). Between the insulation and the DSP, there must be ventilation gap not less than 40 mm. The plates are attached to the crate with self-tapping screws, it is recommended to use galvanized or anodized ones, since black ones, even if the caps are putty, can eventually give rust spots and through several coats of paint. Holes are pre-drilled under the screws in the slabs, if the screws are ordinary, countersinking is performed - a chamfer is selected in the upper part of the hole so that the self-tapping screw is recessed into the slab. When using self-tapping screws, the installation process is simplified.

Since DSP is quite heavy and to some extent fragile material, it is necessary to observe certain standard rules fasteners given by a member of our portal.

AleksandrTVVAUL FORUMHOUSE User

For DSP as a facade material, one must remember about linear changes in geometry, with changes in humidity and temperature. They are, like any plate material. To resolve the issue with competent application and lack of further negative consequences, it is necessary to observe the installation technology.

• Fastening step along the edges of the plate - 300 mm;
• Indent from the edge - 16 mm;
• Fastening pitch in the middle of the plate - 400 mm;
• Fastening corners (against chipping) - at a distance of 40 mm along the long and short sides.

Expansion joints can remain open, covered with flashings or decorative overlays (false timberwork) or sealed with special compounds (when finishing with plasters). If the sealing of the seams is not planned, and the facing cake does not include insulation, before installing the plates, the racks are protected from moisture (special impregnations or insulating tapes).

Portal member Andrey Pavlovets used DSP with fachwerk imitation for cladding of buildings of a country house and a bathhouse and is completely satisfied with his choice.

Andrey Pavlovets FORUMHOUSE User

For 12 years, the house and the bathhouse have already been standing - everything is sheathed with DSP, and the house had to be sheathed alone, due to the lack of assistants. To make it easier to work, I sawed the plate into squares of 1200x1200 mm, folding the sheets in a pile, then drilled and inserted fasteners. Sheathed on the old lining, so small gaps for ventilation remained. And the cake is as follows: outer layer - DSP - 10 mm, lining - 20 mm, glassine, crate - 25 mm, mineral wool - 100 mm, film (vapor barrier), air - 50 mm, crate - 25 mm, drywall, finish (wallpaper) .

After installation, the walls were painted with two layers of water-based facade paint, a roller, the seams were closed with planed overlays. edged board, dyed in dark light. The layout of the overlays was chosen taking into account the seams of the cladding. Although no primer was used, over the years the paint has not peeled off and the house has not lost its original appearance. However, if you follow the technology, preparation (priming) is an obligatory stage of work, and you should not neglect its implementation.

Cement - chipboard is also used for sheathing carcasses, as enclosing structures.

Bolshakov FORUMHOUSE User

Cement- particle boards(DSP) are classified as universal sheet building materials. Raw materials for cement-bonded particle boards (CSP) - Portland cement, crushed wood chips and additives that reduce the effect of substances contained in wood on the formation of cement stone.

Manufacturing technology of cement-bonded particle boards (DSP)

The production technology of CBPB can be briefly described as the formation of a three-layer "pie" from two types of cement-chip mixture: a mixture with fine-chip filler forms the outer layers, and with a coarse aggregate - the inner layer. The plywood board is then molded under high pressure hydraulic presses to achieve perfect smoothness and thickness.

The use of cement-bonded particle boards (DSP)

CSP is applied:

• As sheathing and cladding along rails or frames, vertical - for walls, partitions, pillars, ventilation hoods, etc., both for interior decoration and for facades.
• As an outer screen layer of a ventilated facade.
• In the construction of floors and flat roofs.

DSP does not seriously compete with fibreboard, gypsum board, GVL and baked plywood, due to the variation in the characteristics of these sheet materials. All these plates are in demand depending on the working conditions and the required performance.

DSP board size

DSP size standard 2.7 * 1.25 m and 3.2 * 1.25 m with thickness gradations in mm 8; 10; 12; sixteen; twenty; 24 and 36.

Main technical characteristics of cement-bonded particle boards (DSP)

We list the main characteristics of DSP boards:

1. Specific gravity (density) - 1250-1400 kg / m3. A standard DSP sheet with dimensions of 2.7 * 1.25 m and a thickness of 16 mm weighs 72.9 kg.
2. Ultimate strength in bending at thicknesses of 10, 12, 16 mm - 12 MPa; with a thickness of 36 mm - 9 MPa.
3. Tensile strength along the perpendicular to the plane of the plates is not less than 0.4 MPa.
4. Modulus of elasticity in bending - not less than 3500 MPa.
5. Flammability classification - group G1 (classified as low combustible).
6. Frost resistance of 50 cycles with a guarantee of a decrease in strength by no more than 10%.
7. Thermal properties. Thermal conductivity coefficient 0.26 W/m*deg С.
8. The value of the coefficient of linear expansion is 0.0235 mm / m * deg C.
9. Vapor permeability coefficient 0.03 mg/m*h*Pa.
10. Specific resistance when pulling out screws from 4 to 7 N/m.
11. By biostability classified as class 4 products
12. In terms of sound insulation - with a thickness of 12 mm, the value of the airborne sound insulation index is 31 dB. When laying on a reinforced concrete base made of load-bearing plates give a reduction in the penetration of impact noise at DSP thickness 20 mm - at 16 dB. When laying on elastic materials - by 9 dB.
13. Linear increases in size after soaking in water for a day - 2% in thickness and 0.3% in length.
14. The service life when used in dry rooms is at least 50 years.

Pros and cons of cement-bonded particle boards (DSP)

We list the main advantages of DSP boards:

• Environmental friendliness. DSP does not contain any harmful and dangerous substances either in the composition or in the manufacturing technology. Phenolic-formaldehyde resins are absent in the chip filler.
• Frost resistance is good - at least 50 cycles.
• Fire resistance G1 is a definite plus for the facing material.
• Moisture resistance of DSP boards that do not have a protective layer of hydrophobization - weak, protection from moisture is required - minus
• Soundproofing and soundproofing qualities are excellent.
• Good biostability. Fungus and mold do not form on the surface of the plates, even when used in a humid environment.
• Excellent resistance to longitudinal deformations, it is used for cladding along guides in frame houses of any number of storeys.
• It combines well with other materials and constructions such as wood, polymers and plastics, metals and ceramics.
• High manufacturability, simplicity and speed of processing. Cutting, drilling is possible. Installation is simple, most hardware is suitable.
• Almost all types are possible finishing according to DSP, it can be pasted over with any type of wallpaper, including heavy ones, plastered, tiled, painted with any compositions - water-based, acrylic, oil, alkyd, etc.
• Smooth working surface DSP and perfectly even thickness allow you to save on finishing. On the smooth (cemented) side of the DSP sheet, it is possible to apply a paint layer without priming, especially since the adhesion is excellent.
• In terms of cost, DSP boards are quite competitive with other sheet facing materials, with favorable strength indicators.

The disadvantages of DSP boards include:

• Sheets have a significant mass, up to 200 kg, depending on the thickness. When working on the upper tiers, you cannot do without lifting mechanisms, which gives a certain rise in price. Mounting heavy plates at height is also difficult.
• The service life is not very long - in contact with the external environment no more than 15 years. Manufacturers guarantee fifty years of operation only under normal humidity conditions, which is far from always realistic.
• Thin, from 8 to 36 mm sheets of DSP with a large area - about 4 m2 and weight cannot but have some fragility. Working with DSP is not so easy, accuracy is required. Plates may break during installation.
• Sealing joints and seams between DSP sheets is not possible with any material. Sealants are recommended that can mask the seam, provided they are flexible in the presence of moisture. Putty compositions that have stiffness properties after setting cannot be used for sealing joints, this can lead to deformations of boards operating under atmospheric conditions and to a reduction in their service life. Rubber-based sealants are considered the best option for DSP.
• DSPs are hygroscopic, and linear expansion during facade cladding is inevitable. The plaster of the facade on the DSP without reinforcing mesh and protection of the DSP from moisture rarely cracks after five or even less years of operation. In case of installation errors - insufficient fasteners or frame and work in humid conditions, DSP sheets can go in “waves” and even come off the fasteners. Sometimes experts recommend protecting the DSP from external moisture under plaster with damper layers of polyurethane foam, with fasteners on clamping rondolas (or other types of dish-shaped fasteners). This option requires elaboration in terms of fulfilling the vapor permeability condition for external walls. The dew point in winter should not be allowed to fall on the inner plane of the DSP.

Transportation and storage of DSP

It is required to provide protection from atmospheric influences, long-term storage is possible only in horizontal laying, but DSP is transported in the “on edge” position.

Installation and surface finishing with cement-bonded particle boards (DSP)

Installation and surface finishing with DSP plates is carried out in the following order:

• Before fixing the DSP sheet with self-tapping screws to the frame or base, it is required to drill holes for the self-tapping screws, while the DSP sheet must have a solid support along the plane (it is impossible to drill the DSP "on the fly").
• Vertical cladding and cladding are usually made with slabs 16 mm and 20 mm thick.
• The most economical and fastest type of finishing on DSP is painting with acrylic, latex or silicone-based compounds. Compensation gaps in the joints of sheets are obligatory.
• DSP sheets are characterized by a very smooth surface, no porosity. Priming on the cemented sides of the sheets can be omitted, provided that the DSP is not operated in a humid environment.
• The sealing of seams and joints of the DSP is possible with sealants that mask the seams, and wooden, plastic or metal strips are used for finishing. Such a finish is used to imitate half-timbered facades, and in particular, due to the excellent smoothness and geometry obtained when facing DSP, the appearance is simply perfect. The “picture” of the half-timbered house is quite realistic and has its own charm.

For alignment for finishing, DSP sheets are considered one of the the best materials, due to the good stiffness and perfect smoothness of the sheets. Finishing and leveling with DSP boards give excellent results. Finishing materials can be paintwork, plaster mixes, facing tiles, wallpapers of any type, natural and artificial linoleums, laminates, cork, soft materials such as carpet and others.

Wood processing technologies in Lately are gaining momentum. That is why, today, boards based on chips, sawdust, laminated materials, which are used in furniture production, are used everywhere.

Description and features

DSP - cement particle board, which has sufficient strength. This allows them to be used in the construction of frame houses, where they are used on floors and walls. If somewhere such plates can be exchanged for chipboard, OSB and others, then the DSP will be especially relevant where the humidity is high, for example, in the bathroom, toilet, furnace. For the same reason, they can even be used for finishing facades, as well as a sub-roof base before laying. soft roof.

Cement particle boards

Speaking about the features, it is worth analyzing the structure of this material. The main thing that gives the plate grey colour, is cement. According to GOST, its mass fraction must be at least 65%. At the production stage, gypsum is added to it, as well as additives that increase plasticity.

The second component is considered to be chips. Its mass fraction is at least 24 percent. The remainder includes water, as well as binder additives. Water, after reacting with cement and additives, evaporates, leaving a space with air. This leads to the fact that the plate becomes lighter and warmer.

Types for sale

Like any type of building materials, DSPs have a number of varieties. Their subtleties relate to the production moment, since these plates look different, are used in different industries, have unique features.

The first option is fiberboard. Instead of wood shavings, fibers are used as the base, which makes the base viscous and especially tear-resistant. To achieve additional strength, liquid glass and calcium chloride are used at the production stage.

Due to the resistance to damage, the products are not only able to withstand heavy loads, but also resist sound. That is why fiberboard is often used as soundproofing in studios, shopping centers, bars, discos. Despite these properties, the fibrolite is easy to process by yourself. To do this, you do not need to have any special tool. It is easily processed even at home.

one. . This is the second version of the variety. Here, sawdust is used as a binding wood substance. As a production basis, rice straw is used, as well as reeds. Among all the raw materials used for production, the highest strength allows you to get wood chips.

The performance characteristics here are lower than those of the above option, but the cost of such a product is also cheaper. As for the total weight, the sheets are heavier, but suitable for walls. That is why they are trimmed with low-rise frame houses of private construction.

Production of CSP boards

2. Xylolite. This is the third variety. The strength of such products is so high that they can be used both for floors and walls. Lumber is used as the basis for production, namely wood shavings. On sale you can find not only the colors of the standard segment, but also various shades, which turns out to be quite profitable in terms of finishing. Sometimes they are even left without additional cladding, because against the background of the general interior they look interesting and expensive.

Characteristics and dimensions

Characteristics of the DSP plates important at the selection stage:

• Single weight cubic meter is about one and a half tons. It is important to take this into account when transporting, acquiring a plate in large volumes. Loading of packages is carried out using a manipulator. With it, you can arrange delivery and unloading. As for the weight of one plate, it is small and installation can be done manually.
• Humidity up to 12%. This criterion corresponds to the state standard. A slight humidity indicates that the plate does not absorb water even during operation. Therefore, it comes from the factory with a humidity of 9%, but even if it is used in rooms with a high level of humidity, such as bathrooms, the material will not collapse at all even after a while. This implies another characteristic, such as water absorption in extreme quantities, which is no more than 16% in one day.
• Sufficient thermal conductivity. Due to the high density of wood chips, the thermal conductivity is fixed at 0.26 watts per square meter. This is enough to use such material in frame houses. Vapor permeability is 0.03.
• The material is able to withstand bending pressure up to 9 megapascals. As for the compression pressure, this value is 0.4 megapascal. Flammability is equivalent to class G1.

Technological feature of production allows to put on the market slabs different thickness. Basically, they are fixed values ​​​​from 0.5 centimeters to 4 cm, inclusive. Width may also vary. It is fixed at 120 and 125 cm, respectively.

DSP board dimensions

As for the length, this value is fixed at 270 and 320 cm, respectively. State standard production involves deviations in the thickness, width and length of the material up to one and a half mm, inclusive.

Application area

Regarding the scope, it is necessary to highlight the scope of private and capital construction. A private developer can use this material everywhere, starting with finishing floor surfaces and ending with wall decoration. DSP boards for the floor found their application.

They are able to withstand heavy loads, are easily processed using special paints. They do not disturb the interior somewhat, on the contrary, they give it a finished look. The main thing is to carry out the installation correctly, because in case of violation technological process there is a chance of losing the aesthetic appearance, as well as reducing the life of the plate.

As for other areas of application, they are used for arranging the foundation. This is the so-called fixed formwork, with which the frame is made. Plates are cheap, so it is convenient to use them here and leave them for later use.

Outside, they will be easy to finish, which in the future will not violate any aesthetics of the appearance of the house. Frame technology also suggests application of DSP boards as a basis for future walls and ceilings. Partitions also use DSP slabs for arranging the frame.

DSP is used in the construction of frame houses

Today they are used in frame-type houses, and where ceilings are hemmed with help, and they can also be used for roof structures with subsequent finishing. soft material. Such plates are hemmed reverse side stairs, sew up communication niches, make blind areas and paths in the garden, equip subfloors.

The most important thing to know DSP board dimensions. For a ceiling, for example, the thinnest material is suitable, since it will fulfill its task of arranging the base even with the smallest thickness. Otherwise, a thicker base is needed on the floor, since its load resistance should be maximum. The same can be attributed to the formwork.

How to mount and what tool is needed?

DSP installation plates can be made by hand. It is not difficult, the main thing is to follow the basic rules of work. As for the basic rules, we propose to consider the installation using the example of arranging the facade of a private house. Here you need to follow the following steps:

1. You need to install the base. These are a kind of bars measuring 50 by 50 mm, which must be fixed to bearing wall. If we have a frame house in front of us, then we can use the existing frame without additional refinement.

Since the plate itself weighs a lot, it is not recommended to use a smaller section, unless you can replace it with metal, 50 by 20 mm. The step between two adjacent beams should be no more than 60 cm. A vertical crate is performed with the specified step.

2. Insulation is being laid. For this reason, we previously chose a cross-sectional area of ​​\u200b\u200b50 by 50 mm. It is convenient to put insulation with an overlap, 2 and 2 cm, respectively. The overlap is done in order to remove cold bridges at the junction of two plates.

Depending on the initial base, the insulation is nailed either with special dowels or fixed to wooden profile by further installing a wind protection membrane. The membrane is nailed to the tree with a stapler. One cm of space left between the insulation and the DSP board is the ventilation gap. It must be left during installation.

3. Installation of sheets. It is advisable to lay the first sheet perfectly in level in order to limit the total horizon for subsequent installation. Sheets are screwed using a conventional wood or metal screw, depending on the base.

Before screwing the sheet, level it, fix it and mark it for further installation. Manufacturers recommend drilling holes for screws. To do this, use a drill with a smaller diameter. If you are not going to drill, then buy self-tapping screws with a drill.

Fasteners must be necessarily galvanized, or pre-treated with special compounds. It is impossible for two adjacent plates to fit perfectly together. It is important to leave a ventilation gap, which can be up to 0.5 cm, inclusive.

4. Do not worry if parts of such a plate have broken off somewhere. Subsequently, you can always sheathe the walls with other material, but even small chips will not harm the overall integrity of the surface. The easiest way to further finish is to paint the surface.

Frame house sheathed DSP

There are special paints for DSP, which will give the house a sophisticated look. Paints are produced on the basis of acrylic or silicone, which makes them moisture resistant and allows them to maintain their saturation at critically low and high temperatures.

As for the tool, we need:

• Screwdriver, drill with a drill, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the self-tapping screw.
• Level, wood saw, measuring tape, marking pencil.

Price

DSP plate price different. It is determined by the factory and the direct supplier. But, if we consider the middle segment of the market, then for an 8 meter chipboard, it is quite possible to pay from 700 rubles. per sheet. We've talked about size before. So, the average sheet area is almost 3.83 square meters.

Compared to this price OSB sheets, then we can pay more than 1000 rubles for a similar quadrature. Therefore, particle board is more profitable than other finishing materials.

For the rest, decide on the thickness and remember that the larger it is, the more expensive the cost of one sheet will be. For example, a similar sheet, but with a thickness of 12 mm, can be found on sale at a cost of 1,100 rubles.

Pros and cons

Advantages and disadvantages are important at the time of choice. They are worth considering, but from the beginning you need to familiarize yourself with them. Let's start with the advantages:

• Wide range of applications. This makes them multifunctional, since today the sheets can be used for indoor and outdoor use. You previously got acquainted with the scope and understand that they cover the entire spectrum of construction of private and capital houses.
• Covers a large area. Having stopped just a couple of sheets, you can easily finish a fairly large area, about 8 square meters. The material is easy to process, so even if you do not have specialized tool, you can always cut it into the necessary parts manually.
• The manufacturing process is quite complex, but no toxic harmful substances are used here. Here cement, wood, special glue, water and plasticizers. You can see for yourself that the material does not in the least spoil the surrounding atmosphere, does not violate the internal aesthetics of the premises and does not in any way affect people's health from a negative point of view.
• Can be trimmed modern materials. It can be not only wood and wallpaper, but also paint, which is important for a material with a similar structure. Its high soundproofing properties allow you to maintain comfort in homes, as well as hide especially noisy objects from strangers.

Today on sale there is not only gray DSP plate, but also those that were originally finished in brick, ceramic tiles and other finishes. All this makes it possible to cost-effectively veneer own house, bathhouse, garage and other buildings.

There are practically no disadvantages. Unless this includes a large weight of DSP board. This involves deepening the foundation, since the load on it will be large. During installation, it is necessary that the fasteners be galvanized or treated in a special way. Therefore, think over that moment in advance.

Sheet building materials are used in many types of construction work, which are commonly called "dry". One of these materials is the DSP board. This is a durable material that can be used in the construction of frame houses and outbuildings, for indoor and outdoor finishing works.

What is a DSP board

Cement particle board(DSP) - foliage construction material, which is made from high-quality cement (Portland cement) mixed with thin long wood chips (according to GOST 26816, the thickness of the chips is 0.2-0.3 mm, the length is from 10 mm to 30 mm). Aluminum sulfate and liquid glass are added to the composition. When kneading, water is added (about 8% of the total mass). The resulting substance is molded in the form of plates, pressed.

DSP plate - sheet building material for interior and exterior work

Some manufacturers of DSP boards are made from several layers. They separately knead compositions with smaller and larger chips. A mixture with large chips is used for the inner layers, giving greater strength. Outer layers are formed from the composition with finer chips, which makes its surface smoother. The folded "pie" enters the press, as a result, a monolithic slab DSP with improved performance.

It is also worth mentioning that there are polished and unpolished DSP boards. Sanded can be used for interior or exterior decoration in those works, after which finishing work can immediately follow. There are also finishing slabs of DSP, on one of the surfaces of which a finishing layer is formed in the form of a stone or brickwork, decorative plaster etc.

Application area

DSP is mainly used in dry mounting technologies. They are good for the construction of frame houses, as they do not emit harmful substances, have high strength, low combustibility, emit a small amount of smoke during a fire, do not spread fire. Having a high mechanical strength, they increase the rigidity of frame structures. All this makes frame houses Sheathed with DSP, more secure and reliable.

Objects to use DSP

Sheet DSP can be used in the construction of the following facilities:

• Frame houses up to 3 floors inclusive.
• Industrial, office buildings.
• Hotel complexes.
• Kindergartens, schools.
• Medical institutions.
• Sport halls.
• Warehouses, hangars.

Disadvantage: DSP slab has a significant mass (several times heavier), which increases the requirements for the foundation. Solid weight also becomes a problem when climbing to the second floor - you need helpers and or lifting equipment (at least a winch). Another disadvantage of DSP is its low resistance to bending loads. This limits their scope - they are placed on the base, in places with a small bending load, or must be mounted vertically.

Resistance to atmospheric influences and high humidity, fungi and bacterial infections, allows the use of cement chip sheets in the construction of outbuildings: sheds, garages, cellars.

For finishing exterior and interior works

Another area of ​​application of cement particle boards is the leveling of floors and walls. Compared to other materials, the DSP board has the best soundproofing characteristics, is not affected by fungi, and is well tolerated by climatic influences. Therefore, they are often used to create ventilated facades.

For interior decoration DSP boards can be used for the following works:

• Soundproof and fireproof partitions and walls.
• Interior lining of premises for any purpose (residential and non-residential, including those with high humidity).
• Window sills.
• Draft floor.
• Ceilings.

The positive point is that there are cement-bonded particle boards, polished and unpolished. Polished have an absolutely smooth surface. When using them, you can only seal the seams and then paint, wallpaper, use other finishing methods.

Characteristics and properties

DSP plate - relatively new material, while not too widely used in private construction. All because not everyone understands how he behaves in the long run. To understand whether it is good or not for your purposes, you need to know about all the properties.

Density and Mass

Density of DSP is 1100-1400 kg/m³. High density gives frame structures an increased level of rigidity. If this material is used for interior decoration, such walls have sufficient bearing capacity to hold shelves, cabinets and other fairly heavy items.

The material is quite thick and heavy. One sheet with a height of 2700 mm - depending on the thickness - weighs from 37 kg to 164 kg. This makes the lining of the second floor and above inconvenient. This can be considered a disadvantage.

Thermal and moisture expansion

For construction, such a characteristic as linear expansion with changes in humidity and temperature is also important. For the DSP board, it is present, but it is small. When the plates are located one next to the other, it is recommended to leave a gap of 2-3 mm between them. When installing the second row (in height), the recommended gap is 8-10 mm.

• Normal humidity at the sale is 9% (±3%).
• Low water absorption allows the use of this type of material for exterior decoration, for wall cladding in rooms with high humidity. When in water for 24 hours, the limit of thickness increase is no more than 1.5%. That is, when wet, they almost do not change size.

What else is worth knowing: when immersed in water, the dimensions change slightly - 2% in thickness and 3% in length. If the material is made according to the technology, then even with a long stay on the street under open sky He hasn't changed in years.

Strength indicators and installation features

Cement particle boards do not tolerate bending deformations well, but have very high strength under longitudinal loads. Therefore, they are used for mounting on vertical surfaces. Manufacturers do not recommend putting them on logs, but when laying on a subfloor or a rough screed, the material behaves stably. Since the DSP plate is not afraid of water ingress, it can be laid on the floor in rooms with high humidity.

Elastic modulus:

• in compression and bending 2500 MPa;
• for tension - 3000 MPa;
• in shear - 1200 MPa.

If the DSP is mounted on a frame, a crate is required with a step of at least 60 cm. During installation, fasteners are installed in increments of 20 cm. We install self-tapping screws not only along the perimeter, but also along the intermediate rivers of the crate. In this case, tiles can be glued onto the DSP board (primer, after it dries, tiles can be laid without adhesive composition).

Fire and frost resistance

The DSP plate belongs to slow-burning materials; fire does not spread over the surface; toxic or harmful gases are not emitted during combustion. Fire resistance limit (ability to contain fire) - 50 min. This means that the material will break down after 50 minutes of exposure to fire.

High frost resistance - strength reduction after 50 freeze / thaw cycles is not more than 10%, which allows the material to be used for building houses even in conditions Far North. The service life of this material on the street is 50 years.

It is these properties that make the DSP more preferred material v . The structure is more reliable in terms of fire safety.

Soundproofing properties

The DSP plate has good soundproofing characteristics and can be used for sheathing exterior or interior walls:

• reduction in the level of airborne noise for a plate with a thickness of 10 mm - about 30 dB, for 12 mm - 31 dB;
• reduction of the level of impact noise when boards are laid on reinforced concrete floor- with a thickness of 20 mm is 16 dB, with a thickness of 24 mm - 17 dB;

When using additional intermediate layers, impact noise becomes quieter by another 9-10 dB. That is, frame walls, sheathed with DSP boards, delay enough sounds to keep the house quiet.

The best combination is a combination of cement particle board and mineral wool. Mineral wool also serves as a heater, because due to the uniformity of the CBPB it has a small thermal resistance (it is not a heat-insulating material).

Performance characteristics

DSP boards are characterized by high vapor permeability - 0.03 - 0.23 mg / (m h Pa). This is about the same level as natural wood. With the right selection of the wall sheathing cake, the humidity in the rooms will be regulated naturally.

In addition, the DSP board has a high resistance to decay. This happens due to the natural process of formation of calcium hydroxide, which is formed when cement is converted into concrete and alkalizes the material so that it becomes an unfavorable habitat for fungi, insects and putrefactive bacteria.

Dimensions and weight

When purchasing materials for construction and finishing works, such characteristics as the dimensions and weight of the material are important. DSP sheets are available in two sizes: with a width of 1250 mm, the length can be 2700 or 3200 mm. In this case, the thickness of the DSP plates can be 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36 mm.

It is clear that the thicker the plate, the greater its mass. Approximate weight values ​​are given in the table (different manufacturers may have deviations both in the direction of increasing and decreasing in weight).

Weight of cement particle boards depending on dimensions and thickness

You may also need the following settings:

• area of ​​one sheet:
  • 1250*2700 - 3.375 m²;
  • 1250*3200 - 4.0 m²;
• the weight of a cubic meter of CSP is 1300-1400 kg.

The DSP sheet is a homogeneous monolithic material without air inclusions, which explains the high thermal conductivity of the material. This must be taken into account when developing a warming pie. The material adheres well to wood, polymers and metal, so that when construction work he is comfortable.

Mounting methods

The DSP board can be fastened with nails or self-tapping screws. When mounted on a frame, the boards must be mounted strictly vertical.

Scope of cement-bonded particle boards in private construction

For fastening cement-bonded particle boards, you can use:

• Galvanized screw nails with a diameter of 2.5 mm. The length is selected depending on the thickness of the sheet and the entire cake. The pinched part of the nail must be at least twice the plate thickness, but not less than 10 nail diameters.
• Screw and self-tapping screws with pre-drilling holes for the heads. The length is chosen according to the same principle.

When installing DSP boards, it is necessary to strictly monitor the number and order of installation of fasteners: the material has a large mass, so fasteners must be installed at least recommended values. The distance between nails or self-tapping screws depends on the thickness of the plate and is indicated in the table.

Each sheet of cement-bonded particle board is fixed around the perimeter, retreating a certain distance from the edge of the sheet. The installation frequency along the long and short sides of the sheet is the same, but depends on the thickness of the material. In addition, there is also intermediate fastening- in the middle of the height. Here the frequency of installing screws or nails is two times less than along the perimeter.

Processing and finishing methods

Despite the fact that cement particle board is much stronger, it is processed with the same tools: a milling cutter, saw, electric jigsaw. The difference is that you need to use more durable files.

For drilling, the use of a drill with a hard tip is recommended. Can be used both manually and electric drill. Grinding this material is not recommended, as this work removes upper layer which increases water absorption. But when docking, sometimes it becomes necessary to equalize the height. In this case, any type of grinder can be used. The recommended sandpaper grit is #16-25.

Please note that in order for the seams between the plates not to crack, the seam must be at least 4 mm in the inner section, and not less than 8 mm in the outer section. The distance is large, it can be closed with special rails (usually used when outdoor decoration) or with elastic tape or sealant.

As a finish, the DSP board can be painted or covered with plaster. When exterior finishing, the joints between the plates are often simply painted over, leaving them unsealed. Another option is to use an aluminum profile lining that emphasizes the seams. You can also close the seam with a strip.

For interior decoration, the seam is filled with a sealant, which, after drying, retains elasticity. After that, you can plaster. The second option is to lay a special elastic cord, on top of which elastic plaster is again applied.