Brick is classic material for building houses. It has high thermal conductivity and does not protect well from the cold. Over time, artificial stone and connecting material accumulate moisture and begin to deteriorate. Moisture and fungus appear inside the building. You can warm your apartment by spending a large number of energy. To maintain the integrity of the walls and comfort inside the house, wet facade insulation is done. The walls are covered with moisture and frost-resistant material and plastered. Then decorative panels are painted or glued on.

Proper external insulation of the house will create comfort inside

To preserve heat in the house, it is necessary to insulate the wet facade in such a way that moisture will not accumulate in the wall and room. To do this, the materials are arranged from the inside outward in order of increasing thermal insulation characteristics and vapor permeability. Then the dew point will shift to the façade finishing surface. Moisture from the room and walls will come out. The arrangement of materials and installation technology of the wet facade are standard.

1. Load-bearing wall made of bricks, gas blocks or concrete slabs.
2. Mineral insulation, basalt wool, expanded polystyrene, sip panels or any other glued to the wall.
3. A layer of plaster with a reinforcing mesh inside, fixed vertically with an overlap.
4. Size quartz primer or acrylic putty.
5. Decorative coating with acrylic paint, vinyl and clinker tiles, artificial stone.

Wooden walls themselves are a good heat insulator. The foundation for them is made light. Therefore, it is better to insulate such a building with a ventilated structure with light-weight insulation. The facade technology of a wooden house includes, in addition to standard layers, waterproofing along the wall and between the heat insulator and putty. This is wood processing with special compounds and fiberglass.

Installation of a wet facade begins with the foundation

The cold penetrates into rooms through the outer walls and floors. Insulation must begin from the foundation, especially if the building has a basement. The lower part of the house is cleared of dirt and excess soil is removed around the perimeter. The blind area is done after finishing the wet facade. At the same time, a water drainage system is installed.

The technology for insulating the upper part of the foundation is more complex than that of the facade; it requires additional waterproofing and durable finishing material. The basement level of the building is constantly subject to destruction by rain, snow and frost. It gets hit with various objects. The load of the walls and the entire house falls on the foundation through the base compensating layer, the lower part of which is in contact with the ground. Operating procedure:

1. Clean the base from dirt, peeling and crumbling areas. Treat the surface protective composition from moisture, insects and rodents.
2. Along the horizon line – from the top point of contact with the soil, install a U-shaped profile. Its width must correspond to the size of the insulation. It will prevent the glued slabs from slipping and warping.
3. Prepare places for supplying pipes and wires. If the water supply, electricity and gas supply system comes out at the basement level, then fence off such a place with special extensions and make frames from the profile.

Installation of the facade is done according to the usual scheme. Basalt wool can be used as insulation. A layer of Ceresit waterproofing mixture is applied on top of the plaster. It protects the basement of the building from moisture.

Decorative finishing on the basement wet facade creates the basis of the image of the house and is made of solid materials. Clinker tiles, porcelain stoneware panels, polymer sand slabs, artificial or natural stone are glued on top of the primer. A profile for the façade insulation is installed on top along the entire perimeter, and flashings are attached to it.

Attention! Some materials indicate that they can be used in cold weather. Try to complete all work on installing a wet facade in dry, warm weather. Moisture and cold from the wall after installing waterproofing and insulation can go inside the room. Walls and all materials must be dry.

Insulation of a wet facade with mineral wool: thin layer, short term

The main materials for insulating a building using the wet facade method are mineral wool and polystyrene foam. Both materials have low specific gravity and can be mounted on any foundation without reinforcement. Compare the thermal insulation qualities, weight and service life of insulation and wall materials according to the table. The data is given taking into account the same degree of protection of the building and the basement level from the cold.

Material	Thermal conductivity coefficient VT/mK	Density, kg/m	Layer thickness, mm	Service life, years
lightweight polyurethane foam	0,019	35	50	more than 25
hard polyurethane foam	0,035	160	50	more than 25
light mineral wool	0,052	15	90	5
dense mineral wool	0,058	150	90	5
expanded polystyrene	0,041	15-35	80	15
foam concrete	0,16	400	760	10
sand-lime brick	0,45	1000	1720	more than 50

Wet facade. Installing corners on windows

Mineral wool is superior to other insulation materials in terms of cost and noise absorption. It can be glued to figured facades, basements with bay windows and projections to strengthen the foundation. Specifications The system has a wet façade and has the shortest service life. The glue consumption is high, since the technology involves strengthening the surface by spreading a layer of glue and after drying, apply the glue again and press it against the wall. The profile needs to be narrower than the thickness of the cotton wool slab for a tight fit and fixation.

Do-it-yourself insulation technology for plaster

The installation of a wet facade does not require special preparation or professional tools. Sandwich insulation is carried out in stages with breaks for drying. The layer-by-layer installation system allows you to do this in separate sections. The profile is attached immediately along the entire facade of the building. The wet material quickly hardens and fixes the elements. Insulation of private houses is done independently. The technology and operating procedure are simple:

1. Prepare the surface of the walls and the basement of the foundation. Clean from dirt, efflorescence, peeling, and oil paint stains. Align and check with a plumb line vertically. Gluing technology cement mixtures allows you to avoid priming the surface.
2. Secure the basement profile along the horizon line along the entire perimeter of the building and along the bottom of the wall, around the openings.
3. Apply glue to the surface of the insulation and press it against the wall. The bottom row is set in profile. For mineral wool, the technology involves the preliminary application of glue to strengthen the surface and, after drying, the composition is reapplied. It is advisable to mount the starting profile on the bottom of each row. This fastening prevents the material from slipping.
4. The glue dries for three days. One day is enough for adhesion and you can hammer in umbrella dowels. System for placing slabs at the corners and additionally at the rate of 6 fasteners per meter.
5. Ceresite putty is used to seal the joints and dowel heads. After 72 hours, a layer of plaster about 2 cm is applied. A fiberglass mesh is embedded in it. vertical stripes with an overlap of up to 100 mm. According to the technology, it must be resistant to alkalis. A corner profile is installed at the corners. The plaster is leveled.
6. After drying, the entire surface of the building is covered with ceresite putty. A basement flashing is installed along the top line of the foundation.

Decorative coating on top of plaster protects and creates the image of the house

When choosing plaster and adhesive compositions, you must first decide on further finishing materials

The basement level is subject to additional mechanical damage. The wet façade in the lower part must be finished with hard, durable materials. Most often I use clinker tiles for a low foundation. A tall building looks good with artificial and natural stone, terracotta panels, porcelain stoneware slabs and basalt chips. The installation technology is the same, only the adhesive composition and profile are different. I select ready-made mixtures suitable for the finishing material.

Frame house. But for exterior work, in addition to the traditional design with lathing and a ventilated gap, only one technology is used. We are talking about a “wet” facade. It received its name due to the technological features of installation.

Features of a wet facade

The final finishing of a wet façade is a “pie” made of several materials, sequentially laid on wall cladding or DSP. IN general view it looks like this:

• a layer of adhesive composition on the base;
• thermal insulation material;
• glue;
• reinforcing mesh;
• glue;
• facade plaster;
• paint (if necessary).

All these building materials are easy to use, so you can handle the construction of the facade on your own.

But is it worth choosing this type of exterior finishing for a frame house? Assessing the advantages and disadvantages will help answer this question.

Advantages and disadvantages of technology

A wet facade is fundamentally different from a ventilated one. This applies not only to the structure of the wall “pie”, but also to its operational properties.

To the advantages of technology can be attributed:

• Effective heat saving by minimizing the number of “cold bridges”. In a ventilated structure, they are formed by a large number of fastening elements of the sheathing.
• Saving money and time.
• Aesthetic appearance of the house.
• Additional insulation, high-quality sound and vapor insulation of walls.
• Reducing the load on the foundation.

Disadvantages of facade insulation wet method there is also. They are related to the conditions for laying materials and applying adhesives. So, permissible air temperature during operation, the temperature should not be lower than +5 °C, and the humidity should be no more than 40%.

If these conditions are not met, there is a high probability that the glue and plaster will dry unevenly. This will negatively affect the quality of the final coating and its service life.

Materials for wet facade

The competent installation of a wet facade using insulation, the technology of which is quite simple, is largely based on the correct choice of materials.

Polystyrene foam or mineral wool in the form of rigid slabs are used as insulation. They prevent the formation of condensation and retain heat well.

Wherein polystyrene foam loses to mineral wool in terms of environmental friendliness and flammability, but surpasses it in ease of use, price, and durability. It is also not subject to shrinkage during the use of the house.

Please note: when choosing slab insulation, its thickness is important. It is calculated based on climatic conditions and the insulating characteristics of frame walls.

To reinforce the wet facade, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh is used.

The best option for fixing foam plastic is foam adhesive in balloons. It is also called liquid foam. It sets quickly, does not allow heat to pass through, and is resistant to moisture. The only disadvantages include the high price.

An alternative is universal facade adhesive in dry form. For better adhesion, it is sealed with a primer of the same brand. But it is better to fix mineral wool with a special reinforcing glue.

Installation of a wet facade on a frame house

Installation of a wet facade of a frame house involves the sequential performance of a series of works, taking into account the characteristics of the materials used. If you don't want to invite outside experts, make sure you have several reliable assistants.

Preparatory work stage

Wet façade – good decision for a frame house being built from scratch. The wall cladding, which is the basis for laying insulation, has a smooth and clean surface. It doesn't even need to be primed. However, some preparatory work still needed.

To glue the insulation layer, the surfaces of the base and walls are clearly demarcated. This is done using a special L-shaped profile. The short side (perforated) is attached to the wall with dowels, maintaining a pitch of 300 mm. The long side serves as a support and limiter for the thermal insulation boards, so it should not be less than their thickness.

Please note: during installation the profile is aligned horizontally using a building level.

Instructions for laying insulation

With the exception of a few points, the technology for installing a wet facade using foam plastic and mineral wool is the same.

The fundamental difference lies in the application of the adhesive composition. Adhesive foam is applied to the foam along the perimeter of the slabs, 20-30 mm away from the edges, and in the middle - pointwise. Reinforcing adhesive is applied to mineral wool slabs in a continuous layer using a notched trowel. Spot distribution of the composition is unacceptable due to the large weight of the insulation.

After applying the glue, the insulation board is pressed against the wall and tapped. First row placed close to the starting. Each subsequent one is fastened so that the joints between the slabs are “spaced apart”, by analogy with brickwork. In this case, the evenness of the rows is checked using a building level.

The foam sheets fit together quite tightly, but if gaps form somewhere, they can be covered with adhesive or filled with polyurethane foam.

After the glue has completely dried, additional fixation of the insulation is performed using plastic disc-shaped dowels. Their length is equal to the thickness of the insulating material plus 55-60 mm.

Laying the reinforcing layer

Before installing the reinforcing mesh, cover the dowel heads with an adhesive solution and building level check the evenness of the thermal insulation layer. After this, they begin to strengthen the corners.

Their surface is covered with a layer of glue, in which a fiberglass mesh and a metal corner profile are embedded on top of it. Then the glue is evenly distributed over the surface of the insulation. The optimal layer thickness is 3 mm. Both a construction float and a wide spatula are suitable for the job.

A reinforcing mesh is placed on the adhesive layer in the direction from bottom to top. At the junction of the canvases, an overlap of 100-120 mm is made. All cells must be completely recessed into the glue, and any irregularities must be eliminated.

To finish the exterior walls, apply another layer of adhesive over the fiberglass mesh. Its thickness should be 2-3 mm.

Finishing of the facade

You can also do the final finishing of a wet facade with plaster yourself. To do this, the base layer and adhesive layer are allowed to dry completely. Then a layer of primer is applied to it, which improves adhesion between the final and base coats.

After priming the wall also must dry. Depending on the solution used, this may take 5-8 hours.

Facade plaster can be purchased as ready solution, and in the form of a dry mixture that needs to be mixed with water. It is applied in a layer whose thickness is about 5 mm. The manufacturer reflects the nuances of working with a specific material in the instructions for use.

Designing wall openings is one of the most difficult stages of work. And here it is important to pay attention to the following:

• For fire safety purposes, cuts are made of non-combustible mineral wool along the perimeter of the openings. They must have a width of at least 200 mm, and a thickness equal to the thickness of the main insulation.
• Holes are cut out in slabs of heat-insulating material equal to the perimeter of the openings along the slopes.
• It is better not to glue insulation along window and door openings, but to blow out the formed cracks with polyurethane foam.
• The joints of the insulating material must be at a distance of at least 150 mm from the slope.

Taking these nuances into account is the key to fire safety in your home and efficient drainage from its outer walls.

Thus, wet facade technology - good decision for those who want to economically insulate the external walls of the house without losing their aesthetics.

Video: technology and subtleties of installation

Many home craftsmen and professional companies are increasingly using so-called wet facades to decorate their homes. What it is, you need to find out before you think about whether it is worth using this technology to update the external walls of your house. The wet facade is equipped with a heat insulator, which is extruded polystyrene foam or other material with qualities that will give the system strength and resistance to external influences.

Description

Wet facade, as its name implies, involves the use of a wet method of applying external finishing. That is why any façade that uses an adhesive composition or a wet mixture can be called wet.

Semi-liquid adhesive compositions can also be used in the work, which are quite feasible to purchase in ready-made form. You can buy it already ready mixture or one that involves additional dissolution before starting work.

wet type

The wet facade must contain three main layers, one of which is heat-insulating, fixed to the rough surface with glue. As a rule, a polymer cement solution is used as an adhesive composition. Among its positive features one can highlight high-quality adhesion to the load-bearing surface and any type of insulation. Polystyrene foam can be used as insulation. But it is also used; for carrying out this kind of work it is necessary to purchase it in the form of rigid slabs.

A wet facade assumes the presence of another layer, which acts as base material. It is based on a rigid layer designed to protect the thermal insulation from external mechanical influences. Exactly on base layer and fastening is done decorative covering. Traditionally it is customary to use it in tandem with reinforcing mesh. In the vast majority of cases, the solution is based on fiberglass with impregnation, which protects against alkali.

If you have chosen a wet facade, the installation technology assumes that it also contains an external decorative coating. The most popular material is textured plaster. It is quite easy to apply and has a low cost. In addition, it is also valuable that it does not affect the walls and façade of the building with its weight, since its mass is insignificant.

Advantages of a wet facade

If you are interested in wet facades, what they are, you need to find out more. It is worth paying attention to the positive features of this finishing method. Among the most important, as already mentioned, is cost. So, if you do the work yourself, then a square meter of finishing will cost approximately 300-800 rubles; the final price will be affected by the cost of the plaster and thermal insulation used in the work. Another advantage is the fairly extensive color scheme. This also applies to invoice solutions. But if there is a need to change the color, the surface can be painted in any shade.

Installation of a wet facade requires the presence of insulating material, which allows you to obtain practical finishing with thermal insulation characteristics. If you are just starting to build a house and know that the facade will be finished using the wet method, then you can save on work, because the walls will then be insulated. And you can really save on the building materials themselves, since the thickness of the walls can be such that it is enough to ensure strength.

When considering wet facades, what they are, it is imperative to understand and take into account that such systems have little weight, despite their multi-layer nature. This indicates the possibility of thermally insulating a permanent building with stone walls. Frame houses that are installed on a columnar or strip foundation can also be improved in this way. Due to the fact that the insulation will be strengthened outside the living space, the usable area of ​​the building will remain unchanged.

Dew point offset

When you consider wet facades, what they are is important to understand. After all, if you do not take into account all the features of such a system, then you can make your choice in favor of a less profitable and not so attractive solution for your home.

It is also important to take into account that the location of the insulation outside the external walls is very advisable, because this allows you to move the dew point beyond the main walls. Whereas if thermal insulation is carried out from the inside of the room, you will have to think about combating the resulting condensation and moisture from outside sealing material. All these circumstances indicate that a wet facade, work on which will be done independently, does not imply problems associated with the formation of fungus and mold on the walls.

Disadvantages of a wet facade

It must be remembered that everything has its drawbacks, and the façade arrangement system is no exception. wet technology. Such work can only be done in the warm season. In addition, bad weather can also prevent the continuation of work, which can delay the completion of the process for some time. If this requirement is not taken into account, then dirty spots will remain on the surface of the facade. In addition, the approximate service life of a wet facade does not exceed 30 years, which is significantly less compared to other types of external wall construction.

During operation, storage duration original form walls can be shortened, this can be affected by temperature changes. Thus, if there is a large difference between their values, this fact can greatly affect the durability of the facade.

wet facade

A wet facade, the installation technology of which requires the use of several layers, may involve the use of not only adhesive mixtures. If there is a need to reduce the cost of work, then you can use less expensive analogues, however, when purchasing, it is important to take into account that the adhesive composition must have certain characteristics, among them excellent steam permeability, as well as resistance to frost and external influences. The adhesive mixture can not only strengthen the material, but also level the surface.

The “wet facade” system, as mentioned above, can be based on mineral wool or expanded polystyrene slabs. If we compare, the first option has excellent thermal insulation qualities, especially good ones. But today many people refuse fiberglass, since it is not so durable, which makes it vulnerable.

Technical characteristics of the thermal insulation layer

If you decide to choose a wet facade for arranging it, then you need to purchase one that has a tensile strength of 15 kPa or higher. If you use a material that does not have such impressive strength, then the facade will not endure wind loads.

As for density, it should vary between 130-180 kg/m3. This requirement must be taken into account so that the layers of plaster do not crumble. This material must also have alkali resistance, which is equal to 12.5 pH or higher. This requirement is due to the fact that an alkaline reaction occurs between the materials, which can damage the thermal insulation. The thickness of the slabs is also important. The difference between them should not be more than 3 mm. This is necessary to ensure that the facade is aesthetically pleasing. Water absorption of the material should not exceed 1.5% of the volume of insulation.

Characteristics of the polystyrene foam layer

If you are installing a wet façade, it is important to choose the right materials. So, if the insulation layer is based on polystyrene foam, then certain requirements are imposed on it in terms of strength, which cannot be less than 100 kPa. As for density, this figure can vary from 15 to 25 kg/m3. It is also important here Smooth surface, deviation is allowed no more than 0.5%.

Characteristics of the plaster layer and external coating

It is important to take into account that the plaster layer must also meet certain characteristics. Thus, the density of the layer should be in the range from 145 to 200 g/m2, while the thickness should be approximately 3-5 mm.

It is important to choose the right material for the decorative layer, which must have increased vapor permeability characteristics. But it is recommended to choose a density equivalent to 1.6 g/m3. If you comply with all these requirements when choosing a material, then the wet facade will meet all the characteristics of a high-quality system that will last for as long as necessary.

The “wet facade” finish today continues to be popular for the reason that the house looks very presentable after the work, and the costs do not break the owners’ pockets.

High-quality insulation and finishing of the façade of the house guarantee significant savings in thermal energy, which is especially important in the context of constantly rising prices for energy resources. In addition, comprehensive work makes the house more attractive from an aesthetic point of view. Exist different methods insulation and decoration of buildings, but the wet facade is considered the most modern: the technology of this finishing method is described in detail in this article.

Wet insulation of facadesoutside or inside: features of choice

Traditional building materials used for the construction of walls, such as brick, wall and concrete blocks, are characterized by increased strength and sufficient for a long time services. However, they do not have a high level of thermal insulation, and therefore a significant part of the thermal energy simply evaporates through the walls. In order to prevent this undesirable process, the walls are insulated.

Insulation can be both internal and external. At the same time, the amount of material, the amount of work and the organization of the process inside the house are more profitable and cost less. At the same time, there are a number of serious arguments in favor of insulating the house from the outside.

External methods, which include wet facade insulation, require the presence of a so-called dew point - this is the zone where condensation is released under conditions of temperature changes both in the middle of the room and outside. If insulation is attached to the inside of a load-bearing wall, there is a high probability of condensation, which leads to high humidity in room. Therefore, this method of thermal insulation is less functional and even hazardous to health, since against the background of dampness, fungi and mold appear on the walls.

At external thermal insulation The level of thermal resistance or thermal inertia of the walls increases significantly. In other words, a building insulated from the outside retains heat for a longer time when the outside temperature drops significantly and warms up slowly in the summer heat.

When insulating a house externally, a wet facade eliminates all kinds of cold bridges, through which in most cases the main heat loss occurs when internal thermal insulation is installed.

What is a wet facade:technology features

The external method of insulating facades has its own classification. There are dry and wet technologies. The first option, in turn, includes prefabricated or curtain facades. The main material used in this technology is vinyl or metal siding. The wet facade system is considered more practical, highly efficient, economical and attractive in appearance.

Important! A distinctive feature of a wet façade is its multilayer nature, where each individual layer plays its own important role in the process of insulation and decoration. To fully realize the functions, preference should be given only to high-quality materials.

The use of the wet technique allows you to obtain not only good quality insulation, but also beautiful home decor. An important condition is the use of high-quality special solutions. The final stage is the process of applying plaster and painting - these are key components of the beautiful appearance of the building.

Wet façade technology involves creating a multi-layer cake on the outside. The layers are attached to the wall by applying special adhesive solutions, mastics and plaster, which are dissolved in ordinary water. Hence the name - wet facade. The work requires following a clear order of priority in applying layers: primer, adhesive mixture, thermal insulation boards, additional sizing, mesh reinforcement, plastering and painting.

Each phase involving the use of a wet method, be it gluing, plastering or painting, must be carried out at temperatures above +5 ° C. Not only the quality of work and the degree of thermal insulation, but also the service life of the decorative insulation depend on the sequence of work, materials and compliance with conditions. Otherwise, the facade will soon begin to crack and collapse.

Wet facade: pros and consexternal insulation technology

Wet insulation technology has a number of undeniable advantages and a certain number of shortcomings. The advantages include:

• high degree of decorativeness and attractiveness of the facade;
• lightness of the thermal insulation layer, which allows the technology to be used on buildings with weak foundations;
• reliable thermal insulation that retains heat in the house for a long time according to the principle of a thermos and eliminates the appearance of “cold bridges”;
• additional protection of the house from destructive atmospheric influences (moisture, freezing, wind);
• reliable sound and vibration insulation;
• durability (a façade made using wet technology can last up to 40 years);

• eliminates the appearance of condensation and, as a result, dampness in the house, which occurs thanks to the “breathable” external plaster;
• the cost of a wet facade is acceptable, especially in comparison with other methods of insulation;
• the technology does not “steal” useful space in the room.

Speaking about the advantages, we should also mention the disadvantages that this methodology has:

• work should be carried out under optimal temperature conditions outside (if the temperature is below +5 ° C, then it is almost impossible to achieve the desired result);
• each layer requires a certain time to dry, so unexpected precipitation can negatively affect the quality of insulation in the end;
• the ingress of dust and dirt during work also negatively affects the result, so the surface should be protected from the wind.

Helpful advice! Work on insulating a building with a wet facade cannot be carried out during rains. Therefore, it is better to plan installation for spring or summer, when there is much less rainfall.

Wet facade technology: step-by-step instructions

Based on the above advantages and disadvantages, the conclusion suggests itself that this technology makes it possible to create high-quality thermal insulation with minimal financial investment. Main principle– this is a clear step-by-step approach to applying all layers. The technology for performing the work includes three or four stages of forming a wet facade. The photos clearly demonstrate this. Each of the layers fulfills its functional purpose.

Layer of plaster	Main works	Function performed
Adhesive or preparatory	Preparing the base, installing fasteners and priming with glue	Determines the degree of reliability of fastening of the future structure
Thermal insulation	Fastening thermal insulation boards using glue and dowels	Provides the degree of insulation of building walls
Reinforcing	Includes installation of reinforcing mesh	Guarantees the strength and reliability of the structure and serves as the basis for the final finishing layer
Decorative	Application of decorative plaster in various ways and painting	Protects thermal insulation boards from atmospheric influences and ensures the external beauty of walls

All stages perform a number of important functions that ensure the overall reliability, strength and durability of the structure, so each of them requires a responsible approach and detailed study.

Wet facade: installation technologypreparatory stage

Before starting insulation work, care should be taken to prepare the basic foundation. For this purpose, the walls are thoroughly cleaned and all defects are eliminated. It is necessary to cover the cracks with mortar and level the surface. If the surface is heavily soiled, it is recommended to use detergents.

Next, the surface is tested for strength. To do this, small pieces of insulation are glued to the wall. If they hold securely and do not break into pieces, then you can begin installation. If they easily come off along with the top layer of the wall, then the stripping should be done again.

After full preparation The walls are coated with a primer. And after drying - a layer of glue. If the surface of the house consists of a material with increased absorption, then the soil layer should be more solid. It's better to apply it twice. Old plaster from window and door slopes It is recommended to remove it in advance.

At the preparatory stage, care should be taken to install the profile strip. The base profile will help to evenly distribute the load from the insulation boards and protect the bottom row of insulation from moisture.

Helpful advice! A smooth process can be ensured special set for facade insulation, sold in hardware stores. The adhesive mixture for wet facades, Ceresite, has proven itself well.

The profile is mounted at a level of approximately 35-40 cm from the ground with a three-millimeter gap between the planks placed horizontally, in case expansion occurs under the influence of temperatures. The profile is attached directly to dowels or screws. Their number depends on the density and weight of the selected material for thermal insulation. Most often they are placed at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other.

Thermal insulation stage for a wet facade: sequence of work

Installation of the thermal insulation layer is one of the main stages, as it involves fastening the insulation boards. The process itself requires adherence to a clear sequence and compliance with a number of rules.

Applying glue to the surface of the slab. The adhesive solution is distributed along the perimeter of the material in a wide strip, departing approximately 3 cm from the edge. In the middle, the glue is distributed pointwise. The main thing is that more than 40% of the slab area is covered with the adhesive mixture. If lamella mats serve as the thermal insulation layer, then the adhesive solution must be applied over the entire surface.

Laying slabs. Wet facade insulation technology involves installing insulation “in a running start” by analogy brickwork. In this case, the tiles should be pressed tightly against each other and against the wall. Any glue that comes out must be removed immediately. The installation process occurs from the bottom up, starting from the base profile. You will need to wait 3-4 days for the glue to dry completely.

Fastening slabs with dowels. At the next stage, the thermal insulation layer should be additionally secured with dowels. Their length should be selected based on the thickness of the insulation layer, adhesive solution and reserve for deepening into the wall. If the density of the insulation for a wet facade is high, then 5 cm is enough for the recess margin; for porous materials this figure should reach 8-9 cm. For 1 m² of surface you will need from 7 to 15 dowels. Their number depends on the density of the insulating boards, the diameter of the fasteners and the height of the insulation.

Even before installing the dowel, a nest is prepared under it. Given that correct fastening the clamping bushings will be placed close to the insulation.

Wet facade: technologylaying the reinforcing layer

A reinforced base is necessary to ensure a reliable level of adhesion of decorative plaster on top of the insulation. For this purpose, a special mesh is attached to an adhesive base, recessed into the middle. Installation of the reinforcing layer begins at least two days after applying the heat-insulating layer.

Helpful advice! For strengthening, it is recommended to use an alkali-resistant mesh made from fiberglass with a reliable coating. Otherwise, within a year the reinforcing layer will begin to deteriorate, and the plaster will simply crumble.

First, the mesh is attached to the corner slopes in the openings of windows and doors, as well as at the junction of vertical slopes and lintels. Then they move on to the corners of the building from the outside, and finally to the remaining areas.

Related article:

Selecting the type of insulation. Features of materials, their advantages and disadvantages. The main stages of insulation installation.

The process itself involves applying a layer of special glue. Then a special fiberglass reinforcing mesh is gradually carefully embedded into it. It is laid overlapping, which ensures the formation of a reliable reinforced base. Excess material is cut off. The total thickness of the reinforcing layer should be a maximum of 6 mm, while the mesh itself is located two millimeters from the surface of the insulation.

When creating a wet façade on buildings with increased loads or on basement floors, it is necessary to use a reinforced armored mesh that can withstand higher loads. It is the reinforcing layer that plays a big role in the strength of the entire structure. It ensures the wall's resistance to atmospheric and mechanical influences. It is equally important that the mesh resists the alkaline effects of aggressive components contained in the plaster solution.

Wet façade plaster:decorative layer application technology

The finishing layer plays a dual role, as it is responsible for the external attractiveness of the walls and at the same time serves as protection for the thermal insulation layer from external negative influences. In this case, the plaster must have a certain porosity in order to allow excess condensation to pass through, allowing the wall to “breathe”.

Decorative finishing is the final phase in the installation process performed using wet facade technology. Plaster begins to be applied only after the reinforcing layer has completely dried. To do this you will have to wait about a week. At the same time, in addition to high decorative qualities, the plastered surface must meet a number of requirements:

• have a high degree of vapor permeability;
• be resistant to atmospheric influences in the form of rain, snow, fog and other precipitation, as well as to the influence of direct sunlight;
• have high resistance to mechanical damage.

In order for the plaster to lay easily on the insulation, the plates must fit tightly to each other. The permissible error is maximum 3 mm. Otherwise, the next two layers will not be able to mask the flaws, which will affect the appearance of the entire structure. You will either have to apply a very thick layer of plaster, or put up with the unevenness. This fact indicates that it is necessary to select high-quality materials, as well as use special plaster mixture– for outdoor work.

Helpful advice! The quality of work and the longevity of the plaster service are affected by compliance with the temperature regime. As in the case of fastening slabs, the working mixture should be applied at a temperature of at least +5 ° C. The maximum value is +30 °C, since excessive exposure to sunlight can negatively affect the quality of the plaster.

Variety of types of plaster finishing wet facade

The final stage in the complex of works to create a facade using the wet method is the application of a plaster layer. To organize a thermal insulation layer, a variety of decorative finishing techniques are used, the main ones will be discussed below.

Mineral plaster. The material is a binding mixture based on Portland cement. The main advantage of this type of coating is its high level of strength and vapor permeability. This type of finish is resistant to moisture, does not become damp or deteriorate. The next advantage is affordable price. The disadvantages include a narrow selection of colors.

Silicate plaster is a type of mineral plaster, as it contains. It is well suited for decorating aerated concrete and foam block walls, as well as for use as part of wet facade technology, since it has a high level of vapor permeability. However, it should be noted that before applying it, you will definitely need to cover the surface with a layer of a special primer.

Acrylic plaster basically contains resin in the form of an aqueous dispersion. The positive qualities of the material are elasticity and a high degree of adhesion in relation to different surfaces. To avoid cracking, acrylic is applied in a thin layer to reinforced mesh made of fiberglass treated with sealant.

Silicone plaster has a number of unique properties; it is very flexible and viscous. Even if the building subsides, a wall coated with a silicone layer will not crack. This finish is available in a wide range of colors and has self-cleaning properties. Thus, the wall itself will be cleaned of dust and dirt under the influence of precipitation.

The basis of a wet facade: materials for work

Having examined in detail all stages of the work, a novice master will be able to assess his strength in terms of independently installing a wet facade with insulation. If a positive decision is made, then care should be taken to have a full arsenal of materials and tools. The list below will take into account all the details. So, this technology requires the presence of basic materials:

1. Thermal insulation boards as a base material require a special approach in selection. You should calculate in advance the thickness of the slabs, on which the degree of thermal insulation depends, and study the characteristics of different insulation materials.
2. The base profile is selected taking into account the width and thickness of the selected thermal insulation boards. The quantity is calculated based on the size of the building.
3. The mesh for a wet facade, which serves as strengthening of the entire structure, is most often roll material made of fiberglass. For buildings with heavy loads, more reliable meshes are used.
4. Wet facade adhesive is used to fix slabs. It is selected in accordance with the selected insulation.
5. Decorative plaster is applied to final stage. You can use ready-made formulations.

Helpful advice! When choosing materials for the manufacture of a wet facade, they are primarily guided by the qualities and features of the selected insulation. For example, mineral wool adhesive is not suitable for fixing foam boards and vice versa.

Additional materials for creating a wet facade with your own hands

The above list of materials is considered basic, but far from exhaustive. If you do not take care of purchasing a complete set before making a wet facade, then a number of inconveniences and difficulties may arise during the implementation of the project.

The primer is applied at the preparatory stage in order to ensure better adhesion of the slabs and the wall. The type of primer is selected in accordance with the type of decorative plaster.

The composition for plastering the protective and reinforced layers is applied directly to the insulation, although it is often confused with decorative plaster. These are different compositions - and this should be taken into account. One of the main differences is the higher price of finishing plaster.

The paint is intended for decorating walls and serves as a certain protection against atmospheric influences. Do not neglect this material and save on it.

A necessary component are mushroom-shaped dowels. It would seem like a trifle, but without them, reliable fixation of the slabs will not be ensured. Therefore, you should take care of purchasing them in advance.

Dowels for attaching the base are a separate element, very important even at the preparatory stage. The length of the dowel nails depends on the material of the wall where the profile is attached. During the installation of the base, you should also ensure that there are special elements for connection at bends and corners.

In order to purchase a complete set, manufacturers offer comprehensive systems that already include everything necessary materials and tools for creating a wet facade. At the same time, not every set takes into account the individual needs of the owners, and therefore you need to be careful when purchasing such sets.

Tools necessary for insulating walls with a wet facade

The list of tools for performing work using wet facade technology should include almost the entire arsenal of an experienced builder and a number special devices, which will greatly facilitate and speed up the process. In particular, you will need:

• a square necessary for marking right angles and 45° angles;
• construction level, designed to determine the degree of deviation of parts from surfaces in the horizontal or vertical direction;
• tape measure for measuring the length and width of various materials;
• a plumber's hammer designed to work with different materials;
• saw with fine teeth for cutting foam materials;
• construction mixer for mixing dry construction mixtures of sand, plaster, glue, putty;
• rollers for priming at different stages and for painting the finishing layer of decorative plaster;
• Swiss trowels used to coat the surface different mixtures and to smooth them out;
• a trowel with teeth, used for gluing and fixing the reinforcing layer using the “sinking” method;

• a simple plastic trowel for applying putty and plaster compositions;
• trowel for convenient mixing of the solution;
• spatulas and trowels of various sizes;
• cutter for deepening dowels when attaching slabs to the wall;
• sealant gun.

Helpful advice! You should take care of purchasing tools at the preparatory stage. This list is maximum and extensive, but it is possible that additional tools may be needed during the work.

Insulation for wet facades: variety of materials and features of choice

Facade insulation materials are divided into two large groups – products made of expanded polystyrene and mineral wool. Foam materials are lightweight, quick to install and have a high level of thermal protection. The main disadvantage of the material is its flammability. Mineral wool for a wet facade costs an order of magnitude more, while being more reliable in its performance qualities. Plates made of this material do not burn and have a high level of vapor permeability.

The density of mineral wool for a wet facade must be at least 150 kg/m³, and the tensile strength must be at least 15 kPa. It is recommended to give preference in choosing slabs made of basalt fiber. As for polystyrene foam, for insulation work you should choose a special-purpose material with low flammability. Experts do not recommend using extruded polystyrene foam in this area, which has low vapor permeability characteristics and weak adhesion to the adhesive solution.

IN different conditions apply different kinds insulation boards. The choice is guided by the physical and chemical characteristics of the insulation, based on its specific purpose. Moreover, each group of insulation has its own classification.

Mineral wool under a wet facade: materials for manufacturing and their advantages

So, mineral wool slabs are ideally suited for finishing facades. This advantage is due to a number of specific positive characteristics:

• durability;

• fire resistance;
• excellent vapor permeability;
• high level of heat and sound insulation;
• resistance to chemical and biological substances;
• environmental friendliness;
• ease of installation.

In addition, certain types of wool, in particular products with phenolic binders, are characterized by a high level of moisture resistance. The most preferred are diabase or basalt wool slabs for wet facades. The price of such insulation is significantly higher than other analogues, but this is the case when they pay for quality.

Since the strength of mineral wool should start from 15 kPa, and the material itself should not react with the plaster, the use of fiberglass slabs in this area is impractical. This is due to the fact that such mineral wool is easily destroyed in an alkaline environment and does not have sufficient tensile strength.

Fiberglass boards will begin to crumble under the influence of alkalis contained in the base reinforced layer and adhesive solution. The pH level of these materials averages 12.5. The corresponding reaction does not begin immediately, but after a couple of years. Destruction occurs especially intensively under the influence of strong winds. Thus, very quickly a wet façade made of fiberglass slabs will become unusable.

Additional qualities as criteria for choosing mineral insulation for a wet facade

An important indicator in choosing thermal insulation boards is the moisture absorption coefficient. It is desirable that its level be at around 15%, since moisture absorbed into the material will lead to its inevitable deformation and negatively affect thermal conductivity. Boards with a high degree of moisture absorption do not provide the required level of solidity of the facade. As a result, such a design will not last more than two years.

Helpful advice! The mineral wool density of a wet facade should range from 150 to 180 kg/m³. Otherwise, the process of applying the finishing layer becomes more complicated and there is a risk of delamination of the entire thermal insulation coating of the facade.

The technology of a wet facade using mineral wool involves selecting slabs in such a way that the degree of vapor permeability from the first (preparatory) to the last (decorative) layer gradually increases. Compliance with this requirement will provide favorable conditions and prevent condensation in the middle of the structure. In the climatic conditions of Russia, most of the time throughout the year, temperatures inside houses are much higher than outside. Such conditions significantly increase the likelihood of condensation occurring.

Wet facade made of foam plastic: features of the material and requirements for its selection

Another group of insulation materials, the main raw material in the production of which is polystyrene foam, also has a certain list of positive qualities. It should be noted here:

• low cost;
• lightness of the material;
• high thermal and sound insulation;
• vapor permeability;
• environmental friendliness;
• ease of installation.

The list of disadvantages of foam plastic boards significantly exceeds similar characteristics mineral wool. The main disadvantage is the flammability of the material. In order to eliminate this shortcoming, manufacturers treat the insulation with special chemicals - fire retardants. Thus, even in the event of a fire, the spread of fire will be stopped, that is, the flame can go out on its own.

Fire safety is also ensured by special inserts made of non-combustible materials, in particular mineral wool. The use of this method led to the emergence of a separate combined material.

Other disadvantages of the material include a low degree of bioprotection. Insects and even rodents can live in the foam. Also, expanded polystyrene boards are more fragile, which creates certain problems during the installation process, and are less wear-resistant in operation.

Requirements for polystyrene foam boards for wet facades: price and quality

Before you buy material for a wet polystyrene foam facade, you should study its characteristics and compliance with all requirements. It must have a tensile strength of at least 100 kPa and have a density of 15 to 25 kg/m³.

Helpful advice! The choice of material in accordance with all the requirements for it and its correct installation with strict adherence to the technology of installing a wet facade using insulation guarantees its service life for 20-30 years. Repairs to the decorative layer will have to be done a little more often, but the costs will be significantly lower.

High-quality material can be determined even by external data. The insulation granules should fit as tightly as possible to each other and have approximately the same size. Otherwise, such foam will bring a maximum of problems, starting from the installation process and ending with direct operation. Low-quality coarse-grained material absorbs an increased amount of moisture, which, in turn, entails its deformation and leads to loss thermal insulation qualities and early destruction of the facade

The shape of thermal insulation boards made of polystyrene foam should be the same as that of a regular rectangle. The error is allowed no more than 2 mm per 1 m. Differences in the thickness of the insulation can be a maximum of 1 mm, and the deviation on the surface of the front plane should not exceed 0.5%. Otherwise, it is impossible to insulate the facade of the house without defects. A wet facade from the outside will have poor aesthetic characteristics, and its service life will be reduced several times.

Consumption of materials for arranging a wet facade: photos of private houses

As for other types construction work, the consumption of materials is approximately based on the required amount per 1 m² of finished wet facade. Insulating a house from the outside involves the following costs:

• primers will need approximately 250 milliliters per 1 m²;
• adhesive solution for fixing heat-insulating boards is used at the rate of 10 kg per 1 m²;
• the consumption of the insulation itself with a slab thickness of at least 5 cm corresponds to the insulated area;
• You will need about 5 dowels per 1 m² for fastening the slabs;
• mesh for a wet facade is consumed at the rate of 1.3 m² per 1 m²;
• plaster for the leveling layer should be purchased based on the needs of 0.3 kg per 1 m²;

• primer consumption for the finishing layer is approximately 0.3 kg per 1 m²;
• ready-made decorative plaster will need about 3 kg per 1 m².

In order to correctly calculate the required amount of materials, you need to follow the instructions on the material packages, or it is better to purchase ready-made kits. The Ceresit wet façade system has proven itself well in this market segment. The technology of facade insulation using mineral wool slabs involves the use of the Ceresit WM brand.

For insulation using foam plastic using wet facade technology, Ceresit is marked VWS. Thermal insulation boards are treated with an adhesive composition and mounted on the wall, with a special coating applied on top. protective layer with reinforced fiberglass mesh. The system of the appropriate brand contains all the necessary materials.

Price components for installing a wet façade per m2

The price of a finished wet facade includes the total cost of preparatory, installation and decorative works. The main costs are for materials based on their cost per 1 m² for a blank wall.

Important! The main component of the total cost of a wet facade is the price of insulation, which depends on its type, density and mineral additives.

The total cost of the finished system is the total price of the constituent components:

• adhesive mixture for attaching insulation;
• plaster mortar for the base;
• mixtures for decorative plaster;
• fiberglass mesh for reinforced layer;
• dowels and other fasteners;
• two types of primer;
• thermal insulation boards.

Off-the-shelf systems usually do not take into account the cost of additional and optional parts, various profiles and auxiliary fasteners. Also, not all manufacturers offer thermal insulation materials as a package. In this case, you should keep in mind the average cost of insulation. For example, the average price of mineral wool for a wet facade 10 cm thick is about 650 rubles. for 1 m². The cost of expanded polystyrene according to the same indicators – about 250 rub.

Thus, the price of a wet facade per m² with mineral wool slabs will be about 1,200 rubles. A thermal insulation system made of polystyrene foam will cost much less - about 750 rubles. for 1 m².

Arrangement of a wet facade: cost of work form² to order

The total costs of installing insulation and decorating it include payment for the services of craftsmen or contractors. This is the case if the work is not carried out independently. The total price ranges from 1000 to 2500 rubles per square meter. It all depends on the total scope of work, the type of materials and the method of decorating the finished wall. The main components and average price of installing a wet facade are shown in the table below:

Type of work performed	Cost, rub./m²
Installation and dismantling of scaffolding for construction	130 – 150
Surface primer taking into account deep penetration	60 – 90
Attaching insulation with adhesive and leveling the wall	370 – 450
Installation of reinforcing layer with base plaster layer and flush sealing	330 – 370
Primer of the wall using quartz sand	65 – 75
Decorative plastering of various types	240 – 350
Decorating with stone on the façade plinth	870 – 920

The wide range of prices for wet plastering of facades is justified by the varying degrees of complexity of the decoration process. The list may also include additional work, for example, installation of decorative elements. Their cost is calculated separately and depends on the complexity.

Additional factors affecting the cost of wet façade work

The above services and their cost are not constant. The list can be much larger, and the price increases due to the appearance additional costs. The final price per m² of a turnkey wet façade depends on a number of additional factors. In particular, you should consider:

• the original appearance and structure of the facade;

• the presence of flaws and damage;
• level of complexity of the work performed;
• the total number of openings for doors and windows, as well as their location;
• quality characteristics of materials and their quantity;
• total amount of work.

Helpful advice! The cost is calculated individually for each specific case. Sometimes, even with an identical list of work and the same processing area, the price can differ significantly.

Thus, the final cost includes additional costs. For example, labor-intensive work on high altitude will require installation of auxiliary scaffolding. The cost of their rental depends on the height and period of use. It should also be taken into account that work at heights is much more expensive, as it requires special skills and the organization of insurance. The price formation is influenced by the costs associated with delivery and the features of individual facades.

Installation of a wet system will cost an order of magnitude cheaper than arrangement, but its further operation will cost more. Wet facade technology is usually used for insulating private houses, and ventilated facade technology is used for finishing larger buildings. Let's look at what this is connected with below.

Ventilated facades: pricedictated by quality

Speaking about the scope of application of the wet facade method, it is worth mentioning such a feature as limited resistance to the effects of temperature changes. Based on many years of research, the European Association of Plaster-type Thermal Insulation Systems has come to the conclusion that wet façade technology is not appropriate in all climatic conditions.

Even the most reliable and expensive materials and installation in compliance with all requirements do not provide a long-term guarantee of service in the inland climate of temperate latitudes, which prevails over a significant part of the territory of Russia. The scientists of the association took grapes, or rather not the plant itself, but its ripening cycle, as the starting point for using the wet façade system. That is, in an area where climatic conditions allow the ripening of at least one of its varieties, the use of technology is advisable.

In conditions constant rains and high humidity, for example, in close proximity to the sea, the use of this technology is undesirable. This is due to the poor moisture resistance of this type of facade. If the wall is subject to frequent mechanical stress, then installing a wet facade is also not recommended.

Based on the listed contraindications, an alternative plaster-type facade technology was invented in the form of a suspended thermal insulation system with an air gap. In other words, a ventilated façade. What are the similarities, differences and advantages of this type of building insulation - we will look further.

Helpful advice! You can check the quality of thermal insulation under a ventilated and wet façade using a thermal imager. Warm colors in the photo show heat loss, and dark colors show the heat resistance of the walls.

Comparative characteristics of ventilated and wet facades: photos of houses and buildings

The hanging system differs from the plaster system in that when installing a wet facade, the plaster is applied directly to the thermal insulation layer. A ventilated facade involves installing a fiber cement facade panel at a certain distance from the insulation, which creates the necessary protection from precipitation. In addition, thanks to the protective screen, excess moisture that appears behind the facade panel can evaporate through the air opening.

Thus, the ventilated facade has an additional number of functions compared to the wet method and provides:

• additional protection against moisture, as well as sound insulation;
• highest degree of fire protection;
• coolness in the room summer period, which allows you to save on air conditioners;
• elimination of defects on the wall in the form of unevenness and curvature;
• ease and speed of installation;
• wide choice of design options;
• additional thermal insulation, facilitated by the presence of an air cushion.

In addition, fiber cement coating does not require auxiliary maintenance and repair of the decorative layer after several years. The hinged structure can last for several decades without intervention.

When solving the dilemma of which façade to choose, you can be guided by the following recommendations. A wet facade is advisable when you need to minimize the cost of finishing a building and minimize the load on the walls. In this way, you can design perfectly smooth walls without meeting special requirements for the strength and wear resistance of the facade.

The hanging cladding, in turn, compensates for wall unevenness and helps hide any defects. Work on installing a ventilation façade can be carried out at any time of the year, even at sub-zero temperatures.

Areas of application for wet facades and ventilated facades

The scope of application of ventilated facades is much wider. They are used for insulation of private houses, finishing of multi-storey new buildings and public buildings. They are most widely used for decorating shops, cafes, shopping and entertainment centers and other public and commercial institutions.

Important! Wet facades are used for thermal insulation of low-rise buildings and utility rooms, as well as when it is necessary to save on insulation. How a budget option This method is also applicable in the energy saving system of government agencies and public buildings.

Various materials are used in the cladding of ventilated facades, in particular:

• porcelain stoneware plates;
• aluminum and composite panels;
• fiber cement;
• laminate slabs produced under high pressure.

The main advantages of a porcelain stoneware facade are its durability, varied colors and high aesthetic characteristics. But such material is quite expensive. The price of aluminum composite panels is more affordable. The material itself is universal, and thanks to a wide range of colors and structures, it allows you to realize the wildest fantasies of the architect.

Fiber cement is a material that imitates stone and is resistant to moisture and sun. It is characterized by ease of installation and an open type of fastening. It is used more often than others for cladding residential buildings. Laminate panels – new material, having different colors, textures, is resistant to weathering and fire, it is lightweight, durable and environmentally friendly. In addition, it costs less than porcelain stoneware analogues.

Wet facade technology using mineral wool: instructions, useful tips and secrets of the masters

If, after considering all possible insulation options, the choice was made in favor of a wet facade using mineral wool slabs, and it was decided to carry out the work independently, then it is necessary to take into account a number of secrets of the craftsmen.

It's worth starting with the choice of material. So, on the Internet and specialized literature you can find a recommendation regarding replacing mineral wool with fiberglass. This is a misconception, since over time, fiberglass slabs begin to sag under vibration influences, and so-called cold paths form in the insulating layer.

To achieve the maximum thermal insulation effect, it is worth taking care of insulating not only the facade, but also the floor and ceiling. In particular, this applies to apartments above unheated rooms or on the upper floors.

Subject to the correct choice of material and strict adherence to instructions guarantee period The service life of the facade can reach the half-century mark. Additional protection The finishing layer of plaster will be covered with a special paint, which will also extend its service life. For this purpose, it is worth using water-dispersed paint with acrylic, silicone or silicate impurities. Its color variety includes more than a thousand shades.

Helpful advice! When painting, you should look into design and estimate documentation, where the original color of the building is indicated, the new shade must match it.

Conditions for successful insulation using wet facade installation technology: video recommendations

Insulation using wet technology must occur under conditions of complete protection from frost and precipitation. If the work does not require delay and its completion takes place in unfavorable conditions, then care should be taken to construct special scaffolding and cover it with a thick film, which will provide temporary protection from wind and moisture and create a small thermal contour.

Before starting work on the installation of a wet facade, it is necessary to tightly close all access to the interior of the room from windows and doors. It is better to complete all internal rough work in the house before insulation begins. On the outside wall, you should place in advance a number of fasteners and brackets that will hold air conditioners, chambers, ebbs or drainpipes.

It is necessary to work with adhesive solutions in the shade or in high clouds, excluding as much as possible the exposure of the mixture to sunlight. The distance between the thermal insulation boards and the reinforcing mesh must be at least 2 mm, which is ensured by adhesive filling.

For the overall strength of a multilayer structure, each layer must be given several days to dry. Rush in this case is unacceptable. The performance characteristics of decorative plaster depend on the work conditions. Optimal conditions are temperatures above 5 °C, high cloudiness, dry, windless weather.

For plastering, it is necessary to select exclusively materials for external work that can fully withstand negative influences. The top plaster layer must have a high level of thermal conductivity and moisture resistance, be durable and resistant to mechanical, chemical and atmospheric influences.

House insulation wet facade: summarizing

Wet facade technology, although inferior in number performance characteristics ventilated facade, is a leader among existing methods insulation. Its advantages lie in the use of modern high-quality thermal insulation materials, the service life of some of them can reach half a century. Special external finishing with high aesthetic characteristics not only guarantees the external beauty of modern residential buildings, but also makes this technology acceptable in the restoration of architectural landmarks.

To achieve the highest results, you need to trust the work to certified companies, and also use high-quality materials from manufacturers that have proven themselves in the construction market. To prevent the occurrence of chemical reactions, it should be noted that the individual components must be compatible with each other. Each subsequent layer must have an increased level of vapor permeability compared to the previous one. Do not forget about the strength and density of materials and their compliance with fire and environmental requirements.

The design is designed to provide a high degree of sound protection in two directions (both from inside and outside the house). The quality of materials affects the longer service life of not only the insulating layer, but also the entire house, protecting the walls from precipitation and mechanical damage. The facade protects the main structure from the effects of wind, frost, pollution, ultraviolet radiation and humidity.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the use of various options for decorative plaster in the wet facade system, finishing elements and color design allows you to implement various style ideas, which cannot be done using other insulation methods, for example, ventilated facade technology.

Wet insulation of facades (sometimes called “wet facade” insulation) is one of the most popular insulation methods in construction - it is used both in private and high-rise construction (of any number of floors), in the construction of new and reconstruction of old buildings.

In the article we will list the main stages of installation

A little about the history: wet insulation systems for facades were invented in Germany in the 50s of the last century. His German name- WDVS system, or also “light wet method”. It began to be widely used in the 70s of the twentieth century. During this period, architects were tasked with solving issues of energy saving in buildings. Every year such requirements are increasing, and if 30 years ago insulation was rare, now it is a necessity.

Features of façade arrangement

Please note that any external wall insulation is correct. Internal insulation used in cases where external for some reason is impossible to implement. More information about this will be written in the article “Options for installing a façade in a private house.”

• the design of your house requires finishing the facade with plaster;
• The walls of your home require additional insulation.

So, let's look at what a wet facade insulation system is.

The wet facade insulation system consists of the following layers

Thermal insulation layer- consists of insulation (basalt wool or polystyrene foam) (2), an adhesive mixture (3) and dowels (4), with the help of which the insulation is attached to the base. This layer will perform its heat-insulating function only if it is protected from atmospheric influences. Insulation is not a structural material, that is, it does not have sufficient bearing capacity, in order to attach a decorative finishing layer to it.

Adhesive reinforcement layer- consists of an adhesive solution (5) and a reinforcing facade fiberglass mesh (6) and a primer (7). The main functions of this layer are to protect thermal insulation from atmospheric phenomena, strengthen mechanical strength thermal insulation, imparting load-bearing capacity to thermal insulation.

Decorative finishing layer- this is decorative plaster, of various textures, painted in different colors.

1 - base; 2 - thermal insulation; 3 - glue; 4 - plastic dowels; 5 - fiberglass mesh; 6 - adhesive solution; 7 - primer; 8 - finishing layer

Materials required for installing a façade insulation system

An important point to consider when purchasing materials is that all materials must be components of one system. And only a specialist can select materials for one system. Therefore, as a rule, materials for facades are sold as a “system” - this is a complex of materials with similar physical characteristics (thermal expansion, water absorption, frost resistance, vapor permeability) and taking into account those chemical processes that occur in the system.

Based on the design documentation developed by the designer, the supplier company finalizes the components and assembles materials for the facade, taking into account the technical, climatic, and architectural operating conditions of the buildings.

When designing and installing the facade, and supplying materials, two points must be observed:

Continuity of the thermal circuit (that is, there should be no gaps, breaks, or cracks);

Preserving the vapor permeability of the system cake (a correctly selected system is a system in which each subsequent layer of materials from the inside to the outside has a higher vapor permeability rate, in other words, your house “breathes”).

Choosing insulation for facade finishing

Since insulation has the greatest impact on the cost of 1 m2 of facade, let’s consider the main issues that arise when choosing it.

Important! The thickness of the insulation is calculated by the designer, it depends on climate zone and bases (what material the wall is made of).

The beginning of façade insulation

At what stage of construction is facade work carried out?

• When the roof installation is completed;
• Completed external waterproofing foundation;
• Shrinkage of the house has already occurred;
• Windows, ventilation, air conditioning and other systems have been installed;
• The building has been dried out;
• Weather with a stable above-zero temperature is expected for 2-3 weeks (beginning of autumn or end of spring, facade work “does not like” heat or frost).

Preferred, but not required:

• Finished the initial finishing interior walls, concrete works, pouring and screeding floors;
• Installed electrical wiring, alarm, etc.;
• The building is heated (for the cold season).

The main steps will be listed below in order to understand how to insulate a wet facade. Each “system” seller provides installation instructions, taking into account the installation features of this particular system. Don't forget this.

How to insulate a wet facade (facade with cotton wool)

Installation is carried out at a temperature not lower than +5 0 C and not higher than +30 0 C; installation is possible at lower temperatures, subject to the installation of a thermal circuit.

Thermal loop is when in the execution area facade works a temperature is created not lower than +5 0 C, optimally +10 0 C, +15 0 C. It happens like this: scaffolding sew up with a special façade reinforced film and using heat guns (heaters) continuously supply warm air into the space between the film and the facade.

During installation, all layers must be protected from precipitation.

Preparatory stage

To carry out the work, it is necessary to install scaffolding with protective film or a mesh (they will protect the facade from the sun and precipitation and prevent pollution of the yard).

The walls must be cleaned of any dirt, old coatings, efflorescence, and fungi.

Assess the surface on which the insulation will be mounted. It should be smooth. Unevenness needs to be leveled out plaster mortar. Permissible wall differences are ± 1 cm per 1 m of length.

Crumbling surfaces are treated with a fixing primer.

Installation of the base profile

Its functions are a leveling element (horizontal alignment of the facade) and protection of the lower part of the insulation slab from external influences.

Applying adhesive composition to thermal insulation boards

Gluing

Produced in the direction from bottom to top, the first row of insulation boards rests on the base profile.

The slabs are installed with a “banding”; outwardly it looks like brickwork.

This is how insulation is installed in the area of ​​window and door openings:

Fastening the insulating board with dowels

The glue must dry (see installation instructions for time), after which the slabs are secured with dowels. Dowels are selected depending on the base on which installation is carried out.

After that, connections to the door and window openings, reinforcement of external corners and reinforcement of the tops of opening corners.

Construction of the reinforcing layer

Produced one day after reinforcement of corners,

First, create a base plaster layer, 3-4 mm thick.

into which the reinforcing mesh is embedded

After this, a leveling layer is applied

Plaster

An example of calculating the cost of a structure with mineral wool:

This system is based on Ukrainian-made materials.

The price does not include, but you will need: base, corner profile, junction profile, base dowel. Their cost is included in the cost of 1 m2 of facade (see below).

How to insulate a wet facade (facade with foam plastic and EPS)

The sequence of work is similar, but of course there are many nuances associated with installation.

The main thing you need to understand is that these are different systems, with different characteristics, and you need to follow the recommendations of the suppliers of these systems and not replace them with “random” materials. For example, different adhesive mixtures are used for cotton wool and polystyrene foam.

Cost of construction with foam plastic

Cost of 1 m2 of facade with work and materials.

The cost per square meter is an approximate figure, it depends on:

Facade installation conditions;

What materials are used (imported or domestically produced).

The estimated cost of insulating a plaster facade, taking into account materials and work, ranges from 40-55 $/m2 (mineral wool), 33-40 $/m2 (foam plastic).

In addition, we draw your attention to the fact that there are a number of additional works, the cost of which is not included in this figure (installation of a heating circuit, cleaning the area) and they will also require additional costs.

You can estimate your costs for insulation only on the basis of a preliminary calculation of the cost of installation and the system, which will be provided to you by the company performing the work.

• Choose only “systems” with a name on the market, the quality of which is documented;
• Trust the work only to specialists. Correcting errors is much more expensive, it is better to pay professionals.

Important! Specialists must have a number of completed projects and certificates from system suppliers.

How to check the quality of work performed

Of course, it’s not your task to continuously monitor workers, but it’s still worth taking a closer look at such moments and making sure that:

• Preliminary preparation of the base has been carried out;
• The adhesive composition is applied to the insulation correctly, according to the instructions;
• The insulation is glued evenly;
• The insulation boards are tightly joined to each other;
• The dowels do not protrude above the insulation;
• The reinforcing mesh is not laid on the insulation, but is recessed into the base plaster layer;
• “Breathing” plaster is used; after application it does not crumble;
• The facade is protected from moisture from the window sills and roof;
• The façade is smooth and does not bulge;
• There are no vertical, “spider-web” cracks on the façade, or diagonal cracks in the corners of door and window openings.

According to European standards, the service life of such an insulation system is 25 years.

Repaint it or change the texture of the plaster (re-plaster) if necessary, possibly earlier.