IPTPYP, EUMY RMBFSHE FChPE VE' RTPTEI.
y P IMEVE OBUKHEOPN RPDKHNBFSH OE ZTEI.
b CHUEZP PUFBMSHOPZP Y DBTPN OE OBDP —
tsYOSH DPTPCE VPZBFUFCHB Y RPYUEUFEK CHUEI.
(pNBT iBCSN)
VEDOSCHK OEOOBCHYDYN VSHCHBEF DBTSE VMYILYY UCHPYNY, B X VPZBFPZP NOPZP DTHJEK. (gbtsh upmnpo)
S IYUH VShchFSH VPZBFPK, OP S OE IYUH DEMBFSH FP, YuFP OBDP DEMBFSH, YuFPVSH UFBFSH VPZBFPK. (zETFTHDB uFBKO)
CH LFPN NYTE VPZBFSHNY OBU DEMBEF OE FP, YuFP NSCH RPMKHYUBEN, B FP, YuFP NSCH PFDBEN. (enter z.)
EUMY IPUEYSH VShchFSH VPZBFSHCHN, OE RPNSCHYMSK KHCHEMYUYFSH UCHPE YNHEEUFCHP, B FPMSHLP KHNETSH UCHPA TsBDOPUFSH. (ZEMSHCHEGYK l.)
TsBDOPUFSH DP DEOEZ, EUMY POB OEOBUSHFOB, ZPTBJDP FSZPUFOEK OKHTSDSCH, YVP YUEN VPMSHYE TBUFHF TSEMBOS, FEN VPMSHYIE RPFTEVOPUFY SING RPTPTSDBAF. (dENPLTYF)
OE FPF VEDEO, LFP NBMP YNEEF, B FPF, LFP IPUEF NOPZPZP. (uEOELB)
SING OHTSDBAFUS, PVMBDBS VPZBFUFCHPN, B LFP UBNSCHK FSTSLYK CHYD OEEEFSHCH. (uEOELB)
CHCHUYEE VPZBFUFCHP - PFUHFUFCHYE CBDOPUFY. (uEOELB)
NPE VPZBFUFChP UPUFPYF CH FPN, YuFP S DEMBA, BOE CH FPN, YuFP S YNEA. (fPNBU lBTMEKMSH)
VPZBYUE CHUEZP FPF YUEMPCHEL, YUSHY TBDPUFY FTEVHAF NEOSHYE CHUEZP DEOEZ. (ZEOTY DCHYD fPTP)
MHYUYE UFSHCHDYFSHUS UCHPEZP VPZBFUFCHB, YUEN ZPTDYFSHUS UCHPEK VEDOPUFSH. (YuTsBO UBP)
YUTENETOSCHK VPZBYU, OE RPNPZBAEIK VEDOSCHN, RPDPVEO ЪDPTPCHEOOOPK LPTNYMYGE, UPUKHEEK U BRREFYFPN UPVUFCHEOKHA ZTHDSH X LPMSHVEMY ZPMPDBAEEZP DYFSFY. (lПЪШНБ rТХФЛПЧ)
RPYUENKH FBL KHUFTPEO NYT, YuFP KH MADEK, LPFPTSCHE KHNEAF TSYFSH CH UCHPE KHDPCHPMSHUFCHYE, OYLPZDB OEF DEOOZ, B FE, KH LPZP DEOSHZY CHPDSFUS, RPOSFYS OE YNEAF, YuFP OBYUIF "RTPC YZBFSH TSYOSH"? (VETOBTD yPKh)
TBVPFBS FPMSHLP TBDI NBFETYBMSHOSHI VMBZ, NSCH UBNY UEVE UFTPYN FATSHNH. y ЪBRYTBENUS CH PDYOPYUEFCHE, y CHUE OBOY VPZBFUFCHB - RTBI y REREM, POY VEUUYMSHOSH DPUFBCHYFSH OBN FP, TBDY YUESP UFPYF TsYFSH. (b. uEOF-L'ARETY)
DCHE OBGYY, NETSDH LPFPTSCHNY OEF OH UCHSYY, OH UPYUKHCHUFCHYS; LPFPTSHCHE FBL TSE OE ЪOBAF RTYCHSHCHUEL, NSCHUMEK Y YUKHCHUFCH DTHZ DTHZB, LBL PVYFBFEMY TBOSCHI RMBOEF; LPFPTSCHE RP-TBOPNH CHPURYFSHCHCHBAF DEFEC, RYFBAFUS TBOPK RYEEK, KHUBF TBOSCHN NBOETBN; LPFPTSHCHE TSYCHHF RP TBOSCHN ЪBLPOBN... vPZBFSHCHE VEDOSCHE. (dYTBMY v.)
ULKHRGSH FBL NOPZP ЪBVPFSSFUS P VPZBFUFCHE, UMPCHOP POP YI UPVUFCHOOPE, OP FBL NBMP YN RPMSHKHAFUS, UMPCHOP POP YUKHTSPE. (vYPO)
NYTULYE VMBZB, SCHMSSUSH PVNBOPN, ZHBMSHYSHA Y CHSHCHNSCHUMPN, RP RTYTPDE UCHPEK OERPUFPSOOSCH. (bu-uBNBTLBODY)
LFP UPUFPSOYEN UCHPYN DPCHPMEO, FPNH TsYFSH CHUEMP. (uHChPTPCH b.h.)
TBNETSH UPUFPSOYS PRTEDEMSAFUS OE CHEMYUYOPA DPIPDPCH, B RTYCHSHCHYULBNY Y PVTBUPN TSYOY. (gYGETPO)
CHUEZP VMYTSE NPENKH UETDGH GBTSH VEJ GBTUFCHB Y VEDOSL, OE KHNEAEIK RTPUIFSH NYMPUFSCHOA. (dTsKhVTBO X.)
DBCE X NPMPPDK TSEOOESCH NEOSHYE RPLMPOOYLPCH, YUEN X VPZBYUB, LPFPTSCHK UMBCHYFUS IPTPYN UFPMPN. (chPCHEOBTZ)
VEDOPUFSH FBL RTYOTSBEF MADEK, UFP POY UFSHCHDSFUS DBCE UCHPYI DPVTPDEFEMEK. (chPCHEOBTZ)
CHUE UPUFPYF CHPPVTBTTSEOYY. rPUMEDHK RTYTPDE, OYLPZDB OE VKHDEYSH VEDEO. rPUMEDHK MADULINE NOEOYSN, OYLPZDB VPZBF OE VKhDEYSH. (zHPOCHYYO d.y.)
FPF, LFP NOPZP OBLPRYM, NOPZPZP MYYYFUS. (IHO gShchyueo)
ULTSZY, DBCE EUMY POY VPZBFSHCH, DKHNBAF, YuFP YN OE ICHBFBEF. yN OE RPOSFSH, PFYUEZP VEUUTEVTEOILY IPFSH Y VEDOSCH, B CHUEZP YNEAF CH YVSHCHFLE. MADY YUEUFPMAVICHSHCHE FTHDSFUS, B KHDCHMEFCHPTEOYS OE RPMKHYUBAF. yN OE RPOSFSH, PFYUEZP MADI, OE ICHBUFBAEYE URPUPVOPUFSNY, RTBDOSHCH Y TSYCHHF CH UCHPE KHDPCHPMSHUFCHYE. (IHO gShchyueo)
EUMY VSC TPULPYSH VSHMB DHTOB, EE OE VSHMP VSC ABOUT RITBI X VPZCH. (bTYUFYRR)
YUEMPCHEL TSYCHEF ABOUT YENME OE VHI FPZP, YuFPVSH UFBFSH VPZBFSHCHN, OP VHI FPZP, YuFPVSH UFBFSH UYUBUFMYCHSHCHN. (uFEODBMSH)
FE, LFP UYYFBEF, YFP DEOSHZY - LFP CHUE, VE UPNOEOYS, ZPFPCHSHCH ABOUT CHUE TBDI DEOEZ. (vPYYEO)
VPMSHYYE UPUFPSOYS OBTSYFSH RPDMPUFSHHA, NBMEOSHLYE - UCHYOUFCHPN. (vel)
CH TSYYOY OBDP MYVP LPRYFSH DEOSHZY, MYVP YI FTBFYFSH. x PDOPZP YUEMPCHELB OE ICHBFYF READING ABOUT FP Y ABOUT DTHZPE. (retUIDULBS RPUMPCHYGB)
TSYCHY FEN, YuFP X FEVS EUFSH, B UEZPDOSYOYK YIMYYYEL UPITBOSK ABOUT EBCHFTB. mHYUYE DPVTP PUFBCHYFSH CHTBZBN, YUEN UBNPNH RPVYTBFSHUS RP DTHЪSHSN. (bpr)
PIPFOEE DBTSF VPZBFPNKH, YUEN DBAF CHBKNSCH VEDOPNKH. (CBO rFY-uEOO)
YUEMPCHEL, UFTBDBAEIK ЪKHVOPK VPMSHA, UYUYFBEF UYUBUFMYCHSHNY CHUEI, KH LPZP OE VPMSF ЪХВШЧ. VEDOSL DEMBEF FH CE PYYVLH PFOPUYFEMSHOP VPZBFSHCHI. (dCPTDTS yPC)
VPZBFSHCHE UEZPDOS ЪBVSHCHMY, YuFP DEOSHZY UTEDUFCHP, B OE GEMSH. (zhTEDETYL VEZVEDET)
VPZBFUFChP OE NPTsEF VShchFSH DPUFPKOPK GEMSHA YuEMPCHYUEULPZP UHEEUFCHPCHBOYS. (zhTYOUYU VLPO)
Y UBNSCHK RPUMEDOYK OYEIK, RTY DTHZYI HUMPCHYSI, URPUPVEO VSHFSH RETCHSHCHN VPZBUPN. (lПЪШНБ rТХФЛПЧ)
FPMSHLP PVMBDBS BRREFYFPN VEDOSLB, NPTsOP UP CHLHUPN OBUMBTSDBFSHUS VPZBFUFChPN; FPMSHLP RTY LTHZPЪPTE NEEBOIO NPTsOP OBUMBTSDBFSHUS RP GBTULY. (bOFHBO tYCHBTPMSH)
OYUEZP MYYOEZP. TBOP MPTSYFSHUS Y TBOP CHUFBCHBFSH - CHPF YuFP DEMBEF YUEMPCHELB ЪDPTPCHSHN, VPZBFSHCHN Y KHNOSHCHN. (vEODTSBNYO zhTBOLMYO)
NOPZIE, DHNBS, YuFP POY UNPZHF CHUE LHRYFSH ЪB UCHPY VPZBFUFCHB, UBNY RTETSDE CHUEZP RTDDBMY UEWS. (zhTYOUYU VLPO)
LFP IPUEF TBVPZBFEFSH CH FEYUEOOYE DOS, VHDEF RPCHEYEO CH FEYUEOYE ZPDB. (mePOBTDP DB chYOYUY)
P FPN, LBL NBMP OBYUEOYS zPURPDSH RTYDBEF VPZBFUFCHH, NPTsOP UKhDYFSH RP FPNH, LBLYN MADSN ON EZP DBM. (bMELUBODT rPHR)
ЪДПТПЧШЭ, УПО ЪПЗБФУФЧП NPTsEF RP OBUFPSEENKH PGEOYFSH FPMSHLP FPF, LFP YI RPFETSM Y PVTEM UOPCHB. (tsbo rpmsh)
CH OBYEN PVEEUFCHE EDYOUFCHEOOSCHK LMBUU RPNSCHYMSEF P DEOSHZBI VPMEE, YUEN VPZBFSCHE: LFP VEDOSLY. VEDOSCHE OH P YuEN, LTPNE DEOOZ, DKHNBFSH OE NPZHF. (pULBT xBKMSHD)
OBTSYFSH NOPZP DEOEZ - ITBVTPUFSH; UPITBOIFSH YI - NHDTPUFSH, B KHNEMP TBUIPDPCHBFSH - YULHUUFCHP. (vetfpmshd bCHETVBI)
VPZBFUFChP, ZTHVPUFSH OBUMBTSDEOOK RPTPTsDBAF MEOSH, B MEOSH RPTPTsDBEF TBVPCH. (zhEDPT dPUFPECHULIK)
VPZBFUFChP - CHEESH, VE LPFPTPK NPTsOP TSYFSH YUBUFMYCHP. OP VMBZPUPUFPSOYE - CHESH, OEPVIPDYNBS DMS UYUBUFSHS. (OYLPMBK yuETSKINNYSTOCKING)
EUMY VSHCHUE VSHCHMY VPZBFSCH, FP CHUE VSHCHMY VSHCH VEDOSCH. (nBTL fCHEO)
CHUE TEMYZYPOSCH PTZBOYBGYY UKHEEUFCHHAF FEN, YuFP RTDPDBAF UEVS VPZBUBN. (dCPTDTS yPC)
DCHPTGSCH OE NPZHF VSHFSH CH VE'PRBUOPUFY FBN, ZDE OYUBUFMYCHSH IYTSYOSCH. (VEODTSBNYO dYTBMY)
LFP OE IPUEF KHNEOSHYEOYS UCHPEZP UPUFPSOYS, DPMTSEO FTBFYFSH OE VPMSHYE RPMPCHYOSCH UCHPEZP DPIPDB; B LFP TSEMBEF RTYKHNOPTSYFSH EZP OE VPMEE FTEFY. (zhTYOUYU VLPO)
PTSIDBOIE OEUNEFOSCHI VPZBFUFCH UFBMP PDOPC YЪ RTYYUYO PVOYEBOYS ZPUKHDBTUFCHB. (rHVMYK lPTOEMYK fBGYF)
MADI OE IPFSF VShchFSH VPZBFSHNY; MADI IPFSF VSHFSH VPZBYUE DTHZYI. (dTsPO UFABTF NYMMSH)
Fonvizin Denis Ivanovich, (1744/1745-1792), writer, playwright
Is he happy who is happy alone? Imagine a man who would direct all his nobility to the sole purpose of making him feel good, who would already achieve such that he himself would have nothing left to desire. After all, then his whole soul would be occupied with one feeling, one fear: sooner or later he would be overthrown. Is he happy who has nothing to desire, but only something to fear?
Without noble deeds, a noble fortune is nothing.
Living without a mind is bad; What will you do without him?
Take care of your wife, don’t give her free rein.
In the great world there are small souls.
In the eyes of thinking people, an honest man without great rank is a noble person.
Bribes cannot be prohibited. How can you solve a case for nothing, just for your salary?
Is it possible for books to lie?
It doesn't matter whether you have a husband or be tied up.
Everything is in the imagination. Follow nature, you will never be poor. Follow people's opinions and you will never be rich.
Everyone will find enough strength within themselves to be virtuous. You have to want it decisively, and then the easiest thing will be not to do something for which your conscience would prick you.
In human ignorance, it is very comforting to consider everything that you don’t know to be nonsense.
Two thousand souls and without the merits of the landowners there are always two thousand souls, and without them the virtues are what the hell are the virtues.
For the whims of one person, the whole of Siberia is not enough!
The bad disposition of people who are not worthy of respect should not be distressing. Know that they never wish evil upon those whom they despise, but usually wish evil upon those who have the right to despise. People envy more than just wealth, more than just nobility: and virtue also has its envious people.
Women are usually chaste with deserved people, but rarely with rakes.
Have a heart, have a soul, and you will be a man at all times.
And I myself don’t know why this light was created!
How can one think that God, who knows everything, is not aware of our table of ranks?
How can the heart not be content when the conscience is calm!
How merciful fate is! She tries to unite people of the same mind, the same taste, the same character.
When does something amaze you so much,
That the base creature prefers selfishness to everything
And to happiness he wanders along despicable paths, - So, apparently, you have never lived among people.
Selfishness makes the same miracles out of a person as love.
Self-interest rarely conquers love.
The lazy person is afraid of work, but the idle person does not tolerate the work itself.
A lazy person is more dependent on the disposition of the body, and an idle person is more dependent on the disposition of the soul.
We have a lot of printed nonsense not because there are more heretics, but perhaps because there are more fools.
A young man is like wax.
It is necessary that your husband obey reason, and you obey your husband, and you will both be completely prosperous.
The ranks begin - sincerity ceases.
Science in a depraved person is a fierce weapon to do evil. Enlightenment elevates one virtuous soul.
An ignoramus without a soul is a beast. The smallest deed leads him into every crime.
Don't lie everything you know.
Do not have love for your husband that resembles friendship. Have a friendship for him that would be like love. It will be much stronger.
It is impossible not to love the rules of virtue. They are ways to happiness.
The mind and science are subject to fashion as much as earrings and buttons.
Not the rich man who counts out money in order to hide it in a chest, but the one who counts out what he has in excess in order to help someone who does not have what he needs.
One respect should be flattering to a person - spiritual, and only those who are in ranks not according to money, and in the nobility not according to ranks, are worthy of spiritual respect.
Oh Klim! your deeds are great!
But who praised you? Relatives and two stutterers.
Leaving wealth to children? If they are smart, they will manage without him; and wealth is no help to a stupid son. Cash is not cash worth. The golden dummy is everyone's dummy.
A truly inquisitive person is jealous of deeds, and not of rank; ranks are often begged for, but true respect must be earned; It is much more honest to be treated without guilt than to be rewarded without merit.
Good behavior gives direct value to the mind. Without it, an intelligent person is a monster.
The human heart is always a heart, both in Paris and in Russia: it cannot deceive.
Conscience, like a friend, always warns before punishing like a judge.
Thank God there are no duties on lies! After all, what ruin would there be for everyone!
I will calculate the degrees of nobility by the number of deeds that the great gentleman did for the fatherland, and not by the number of deeds that he took upon himself out of arrogance; not by the number of people hanging around in his hallway, but by the number of people satisfied with his behavior and deeds.
Happy is he who retains all his feelings in old age.
You must devote your life to your fatherland,
If you want to be an honest person forever.
He who most often has the Lord on his tongue has the devil on his heart.
Honor is the soul of marital consent.
In my time, when I was younger, the people were much larger.
The courage of the heart is proven in the hour of battle, and the fearlessness of the soul in all trials, in all situations of life. And what is the difference between the fearlessness of a soldier who, in an attack, risks his life along with others, and between the fearlessness of a statesman who speaks the truth to the sovereign, daring to anger him. The judge who, fearing neither vengeance nor the threats of the strong, gave justice to the helpless, is a hero in my eyes.
Is he happy who is happy alone? Imagine a man who would direct all his nobility to the sole purpose of making him feel good, who would already achieve such that he himself would have nothing left to desire. After all, then his whole soul would be occupied with one feeling, one fear: sooner or later he would be overthrown. Is he happy who has nothing to desire, but only something to fear?
Without noble deeds, a noble fortune is nothing.
Living without a mind is bad; What will you do without him?
Take care of your wife, don’t give her free rein.
In the great world there are small souls.
In the eyes of thinking people, an honest man without great rank is a noble person; virtue replaces everything, but nothing can replace virtue.
In my time, when I was younger, the people were much larger.
In human ignorance, it is very comforting to consider everything that you don’t know to be nonsense.
Bribes cannot be prohibited. How can you solve a case for nothing, just for your salary?
Is it possible for books to lie?
It doesn't matter whether you have a husband or be tied up.
Everything is in the imagination. Follow nature, you will never be poor. Follow people's opinions and you will never be rich.
Every creature means something and seeks something.
Everyone will find enough strength within themselves to be virtuous. You have to want it decisively, and then the easiest thing will be not to do something for which your conscience would prick you.
Two thousand souls and without the merits of the landowners there are always two thousand souls, and without them the virtues are what the hell are the virtues.
For the whims of one person, the whole of Siberia is not enough!
The bad disposition of people who are not worthy of respect should not be distressing. Know that they never wish evil upon those whom they despise, but usually wish evil upon those who have the right to despise. People envy more than just wealth, more than just nobility: and virtue also has its envious people.
Women are usually chaste with deserved people, but rarely with rakes.
And I myself don’t know why this light was created!
Have a heart, have a soul, and you will be a man at all times.
How can one think that God, who knows everything, is not aware of our table of ranks?
How can the heart not be content when the conscience is calm!
How merciful fate is! She tries to unite people of the same mind, the same taste, the same character.
When does something amaze you so much,
That the base creature prefers selfishness to everything
And to happiness he wanders along despicable paths,
So, apparently, you have never lived among people.
Selfishness makes the same miracles out of a person as love.
Self-interest rarely conquers love.
Those who can, rob, those who cannot, steal.
The lazy person is afraid of work, but the idle person does not tolerate the work itself.
A lazy person is more dependent on the disposition of the body, and an idle person is more dependent on the disposition of the soul.
We have a lot of printed nonsense, not because there are more heretics, but because there are more fools.
A young man is like wax.
It is necessary that your husband obey reason, and you obey your husband, and you will both be completely prosperous.
Science in a depraved person is a fierce weapon to do evil. Enlightenment elevates one virtuous soul.
The ranks begin - sincerity ceases.
Don't lie everything you know.
Do not have love for your husband that resembles friendship. Have a friendship for him that would be like love. It will be much stronger.
Not the rich man who counts out money in order to hide it in a chest, but the one who counts out what he has in excess in order to help someone who does not have what he needs.
I don’t want to study, I want to get married!
An ignoramus without a soul is a beast. The smallest deed leads him into every crime.
It is impossible not to love the rules of virtue. They are ways to happiness.
Oh Klim! Your deeds are great! But who praised you? Relatives and two stutterers.
Only respect should be flattering to a person - spiritual; and only those who are in rank not by money, and in the nobility not by rank, are worthy of spiritual respect.
Leaving wealth to children? If they are smart, they will manage without him; and wealth is no help to a stupid son. Cash is not cash worth. The golden dummy is everyone's dummy.
Law requires dignity, talent, and virtue. Power needs prisons, glands, axes.
A truly inquisitive person is jealous of deeds, and not of rank; ranks are often begged for, but true respect must be earned; It is much more honest to be treated without guilt than to be rewarded without merit.
Good behavior gives direct value to the mind. Without it, an intelligent person is a monster.
The human heart is always a heart, both in Paris and in Russia: it cannot deceive.
Thank God there are no duties on lies! After all, where would we all be ruined!
Conscience, like a friend, always warns before punishing like a judge.
I will calculate the degrees of nobility by the number of deeds that the great gentleman did for the fatherland, and not by the number of deeds that he took upon himself out of arrogance; not by the number of people hanging around in his hallway, but by the number of people satisfied with his behavior and deeds.
He who most often has the Lord on his tongue has the devil on his heart.
The mind and science are subject to fashion as much as earrings and buttons.
The courage of the heart is proven in the hour of battle, and the fearlessness of the soul in all trials, in all situations of life. And what is the difference between the fearlessness of a soldier who, in an attack, risks his life along with others, and between the fearlessness of a statesman who speaks the truth to the sovereign, daring to anger him. The judge who, fearing neither vengeance nor the threats of the strong, gave justice to the helpless, is a hero in my eyes.
Honor is the soul of marital consent.
Topics of education and upbringing are always relevant to society. That is why Denis Fonvizin’s comedy “The Minor” is interesting for readers today. The heroes of the work are representatives of different classes. The comedy is written in the style of classicism. Each character represents a certain quality. For this, the author uses speaking surnames. In comedy, the rule of three unities is observed: unity of action, time and place. The play was first staged on stage in 1782. Since then, there have been thousands, or even millions, of performances of the same name all over the world. In 1926, based on the comedy, the film “Lords of the Skotinins” was shot.
Starodum
Starodum personifies the image of a wise man. He was brought up in the spirit of Peter the Great's time, and accordingly, he honors the traditions of the previous era. He considers serving the Fatherland a sacred duty. He despises evil and inhumanity. Starodum proclaims morality and enlightenment.
Starodum. Fragment from the play “The Minor”These are the worthy fruits of evil.
The ranks begin - sincerity ceases.
An ignoramus without a soul is a beast.
Have a heart, have a soul, and you will be a man at all times.
The direct dignity in a person is the soul... Without it, the most enlightened, clever person is a pitiful creature.
It is much more honest to be treated without guilt than to be rewarded without merit.
It is in vain to call a doctor to the sick without healing. The doctor won’t help you here unless you get infected yourself.
All of Siberia is not enough for the whims of one person.
Follow nature, you will never be poor. Follow people's opinions and you will never be rich.
Cash is not cash worth
They never wish harm upon those whom they despise; but usually they wish evil upon those who have the right to despise.
An honest person must be a completely honest person.
Insolence in a woman is a sign of vicious behavior.
In human ignorance, it is very comforting to consider everything that you don’t know to be nonsense.
God has given you all the amenities of your sex.
In today's marriages, the heart is rarely consulted. The question is whether the groom is famous or rich? Is the bride good and rich? There is no question about good behavior.
The bad disposition of people who are not worthy of respect should not be distressing. Know that they never wish evil upon those whom they despise, but usually wish evil upon those who have the right to despise.
People envy more than just wealth, more than just nobility: and virtue also has its envious people.
Science in depraved man is a fierce weapon to do evil Children? Leave wealth to children! Not in my head. They will be smart, they will manage without him; and wealth is no help to a stupid son.
The flatterer is a thief at night who will first put out the candle and then begin to steal.
Do not have love for your husband that resembles friendship. Have a friendship for him that would be like love. It will be much stronger.
Is he happy who has nothing to desire, but only something to fear?
Not the rich man who counts out money in order to hide it in a chest, but the one who counts out his extra money in order to help someone who does not have what he needs.
Conscience, like a friend, always warns before punishing like a judge.
It is better to lead life at home than in someone else's hallway.
Everyone must seek his happiness and benefits in that one thing that is lawful.
Pravdin
Pravdin is an honest official. He is a well-mannered and polite person. He conscientiously fulfills his duties, stands for justice and considers it his duty to help poor peasants. He sees through the essence of Prostakova and her son and believes that each of them should get what they deserve.
The direct dignity in man is the soul.
How clever it is to destroy inveterate prejudices in which base souls find their benefits!
Moreover, from my own heart’s struggle, I do not allow myself to notice those malicious ignoramuses who, having complete power over their people, use it inhumanly for evil.
Excuse me, madam. I never read letters without the permission of those to whom they are written...
What is called sullenness and rudeness in him is one effect of his straightforwardness.
From childhood his tongue did not say yes when his soul felt no.
Evil behavior cannot be tolerated in a well-established state... With guilt you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.
It was her crazy love for you that brought her the most misfortune.
I apologize for leaving you...
I am striving, however, to soon put limits on the wife’s malice and the husband’s stupidity. I have already notified our boss about all the local barbarities and I have no doubt that measures will be taken to calm them down...
I have been instructed to take charge of the house and villages at the first rabies, from which the people under her control could suffer...
The pleasure which princes enjoy in possessing free souls must be so great that I do not understand what motives could distract...
Scoundrel! Should you be rude to your mother? It was her crazy love for you that brought her the most misfortune.
Milo
Milon is an officer. He values courage and honesty in people, welcomes enlightenment and considers it his duty to serve the Fatherland. Treats others with respect. Milon is an excellent match for Sophia. There are obstacles on their way, but at the end of the work the fates of the heroes are reunited.
At my age and in my position, it would be unforgivable arrogance to consider everything deserved with which a young man is encouraged by worthy people...
Perhaps she is now in the hands of some selfish people who, taking advantage of her orphanhood, are keeping her in tyranny. This thought alone makes me beside myself.
A! now I see my destruction. My opponent is happy! I do not deny all the merits in him. He may be reasonable, enlightened, kind; but so that you can compare with me in my love for you, so that...
How! such is my opponent! A! Dear Sophia! Why are you tormenting me with jokes? You know how easily a passionate person is upset by the slightest suspicion.
Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin Unworthy people!
The judge who, fearing neither vengeance nor the threats of the strong, gave justice to the helpless, is a hero in my eyes...
If you allow me to say my thought, I believe true fearlessness is in the soul, and not in the heart. Whoever has it in his soul, without any doubt, has a brave heart.
I see and honor virtue, adorned with enlightened reason...
I am in love and have the happiness of being loved...
You know how easily a passionate person is upset by the slightest suspicion...
Sophia
Translated, Sophia means “wisdom.” In “Minor” Sophia appears as a wise, well-mannered and educated person. Sophia is an orphan, her guardian and uncle is Starodum. Sophia's heart belongs to Milo. But, having learned about the girl’s rich inheritance, other heroes of the work also lay claim to her hand and heart. Sophia is convinced that wealth should only be achieved through honest work.
How appearance blinds us!
I was now reading a book... French. Fenelon, about the education of girls...
How many sorrows have I endured since the day of our separation! My unscrupulous relatives...
Uncle! My true happiness is that I have you. I know the price...
How can the heart not be content when the conscience is calm... I will use all my efforts to earn the good opinion of worthy people. How can I prevent those who see me moving away from them from becoming angry with me? Isn’t it possible, uncle, to find a way so that no one in the world would wish me harm?
Is it possible, uncle, that there are such pitiful people in the world in whom a bad feeling is born precisely because there is good in others.
A virtuous person should take pity on such unfortunates. It seemed to me, uncle, that all people agreed on where to place their happiness. Nobility, wealth...
Negative
Prostakova
Mrs. Prostakova is one of the main characters of the work. She is a representative of the noble class, holding serfs. In the house, everything and everyone must be under her control: The mistress of the estate pushes around not only her servants, but also controls her husband. In her statements, Mrs. Prostakova is despotic and rude. But she loves her son endlessly. As a result, her blind love does not bring anything good either to her son or to herself.
This is the kind of hubby God blessed me with: he doesn’t know how to figure out what’s wide and what’s narrow.
So believe also that I do not intend to indulge the slaves. Go, sir, and punish now...
My only concern, my only joy is Mitrofanushka. My age is passing. I'm preparing him for people.
Live and learn, my dear friend! Such a thing.
And I love that strangers listen to me too...
Without sciences people live and lived.
Mrs. Prostakova. Still from the film “The Minor” We took away everything that the peasants had; we can’t rip anything off. Such a disaster!..
I don’t intend to indulge the slaves. Go, sir, and punish now...
From morning to evening, like someone hanged by the tongue, I don’t lay down my hands: I scold, I fight; This is how the house holds together, my father!..
Yes, this is a different century, father!
My Mitrofanushka doesn’t get up for days because of a book. My mother's heart. Otherwise it’s a pity, a pity, but just think: but there will be a kid anywhere.
It is bad to praise your child, but where will the one whom God brings to be his wife not be unhappy?
Mitrofan
Mitrofan is the son of landowner Prostakova. Actually, in comedy he is an undergrowth. This is what they called those who did not want to study or serve in the 18th century. Mitrofanushka is spoiled by his mother and nanny, he is used to idleness, loves to eat well and is completely indifferent to science. At the same time, the feeling of gratitude is alien to him. He is rude not only to his teachers and nanny, but also to his parents. So, he “thanks” his mother for her boundless blind love.
Let go, mother, how you imposed yourself...
Garrison rat.
You're so tired beating your father.
For me, where they tell me to go.
I don't want to study - I want to get married He ate too much henbane.
Yes, all sorts of rubbish got into our heads, then you are a father, then you are a mother.
I'll study; just let this be the last time and let there be an agreement today!
Now I’ll run to the dovecote, maybe…
Well, say another word, you old bastard! I'll finish them off.
Vit is here and the river is close. I’ll dive, so remember my name... You lured me in, blame yourself...
Skotinin is the brother of Mrs. Prostakova. He does not recognize science and any enlightenment. He works in a barnyard; pigs are the only creatures that give him warm feelings. It was not by chance that the author gave this occupation and surname to his hero. Having learned about Sophia's condition, he dreams of marrying her profitably. For this, he is even ready to destroy his own nephew Mitrofanushka.
Every fault is to blame.
It’s a sin to blame for your own happiness.
Learning is nonsense.
I haven't read anything in my life, sister! God saved me from this boredom.
Everyone left me alone. The idea was to go for a walk in the barnyard. Don't be the Skotinin who wants to learn something.
What a parable! I am not a hindrance to anyone else. Everyone should marry his bride. I won’t touch someone else’s, and don’t touch mine.
I wasn’t going anywhere, but I was wandering around, thinking. I have such a custom that if you put a fence in your head, you can’t knock it out with a nail. In my mind, you hear, what came into my mind is stuck here. That’s all I think about, that’s all I see in a dream, as if in reality, and in reality, as in a dream.
Eremeevna
Nanny Mitrofanushka. He has been serving in the Prostakovs' house for more than 40 years. She is devoted to her owners and attached to their home. Eremeevna has a highly developed sense of duty, but self-esteem is completely absent.
I have my own grips sharp!
I tried to push myself towards him, but forcibly carried away my legs. Pillar of smoke, my mother!
Ah, creator, save and have mercy! If my brother hadn’t deigned to leave at that very moment, I would have broken down with him. That's what God wouldn't order. If these were dull (pointing to the nails), I wouldn’t even take care of the fangs.
God forbid vain lies! Even if you read for five years, you won’t get better than ten thousand.
The difficult one won't clean me up! I have been serving for forty years, but the mercy is still the same...
Five rubles a year, and five slaps a day.
Oh, you damn pig!
Tsyfirkin
Tsyfirkin is one of Mitrofanushka’s teachers. The telling surname directly indicates that he taught Prostakova’s son mathematics. The diminutive use of the surname suggests that Tsyfirkin was not a real teacher. He is a retired soldier who understands arithmetic.
In folklore, ideas about the nature of wealth are peculiarly intertwined with the foundations of Christian doctrine. Russian proverbs and sayings clearly express the superiority of spiritual values, there is a firm belief that money is evil, that a person can be happy without money (happiness does not lie in money; there is a lot of money, but little intelligence; money will lead you to a hole). Although, in some proverbs and sayings, the idea pops up that you can’t go anywhere without money (money is not a god, but a protector; money beats a mountain; money is a squabble, but without it it’s bad). In fairy tales about rich and poor people, the conflict between wealth and poverty is always resolved in the same way. Wealth is a vice, a rich person always remains a fool, loses everything, and at the same time, there is some kind of ironic shade. But the paradox lies in the fact that at the end of the fairy tale, the poor heroes receive, then half a kingdom, then suddenly “they will begin to live, prosper, and make good.” This inconsistency is explained by the people's ambiguous attitude towards money and wealth.
The topic of money is also touched upon in the works of Russian writers. In D. I. Fonvizin’s comedy “The Minor,” the motive of money, Sophia’s inheritance (“fifteen thousand annual income”) determines the main intrigue of the comedy. Prostakova, having taken Sophia's estate without permission, destined her to be his brother's bride. Having learned about the inheritance, she changes her plans, which she did not consider necessary to involve Sophia, and wants to marry her son Mitrofanushka to her. The uncle and nephew begin to fight for the rich bride - literally, starting fights, and figuratively - competing in demonstrating their “merits”. WITH The comic scene with the teachers, especially Tsyfirkin’s problems, is connected with money. The motive of money is associated with the comic effect of scenes with teachers, especially Tsyfirkin’s problem:
Tsyfirkin. The three of us found, for the butt, 300 rubles... We came to the point of dividing it up. Guess why on your brother?
Prostakov A. I found the money, don’t share it with anyone... Don’t learn this stupid science.
Tsyfirkin. For studying you give 10 rubles a year... It wouldn’t be a sin to add another 10. How much would it be?
Prostakova. I won't add a penny. There is no money - what to count? There is money - let’s figure it out well without Pafnutich (d. 3, yavl. 7).
Here money is named in its specific, digital expression (in the form of amounts: “three hundred rubles”, “ten rubles”) and in a general sense (“there is money... there is no money”, “I won’t add a penny”, i.e. nothing I'm not giving it). Numbers, division, multiplication are common arithmetic operations. For honest Tsyfirkin, who takes money only for service, arithmetic is the science of equitable division of money, for Prostakova, who is accustomed, by the right of the strong, to decide everything in her favor, it is about increase. Ms. Prostakova’s solution to simple problems and her attitude towards money become a clear example of immorality.
Thus, the characters of the comedy are characterized through their attitude towards money; it reflects their moral essence. If we continue this thought, it turns out that money is synonymous with certain character traits in comedy. “Care-loving” money-hungry Prostakovs and Skotinin are low natures. “Even if you read for five years, you won’t finish reading anything better than ten thousand...” says Skotinin (d. 1, vyal. 7); Prostakov, having learned about Sophia’s money, “became affectionate to the very base” (d. 2, val. 2).
The goodies have their own understanding of wealth and the role of money. As it follows in a classic play, in “The Minor” the heroes with the telling surnames Pravdin and Starodum utter educational truths about the benefits of virtue, about the moral nature of man, about the need to fulfill human and civic duty: “Have a heart, have a soul, and you will be a man in all the time" (Starodum); “The direct dignity of a person is the soul” (Pravdin, d. 3), etc. But the niece, who is also the heiress, declares:
Sofia. It seemed to me, uncle, that all people agreed on where to place their happiness. Nobility, wealth... (d. 4, appearance 2).
Starodum. Yes, my friend! And I agree to call a noble and rich man happy... According to my calculation, it is not the rich man who counts out money in order to hide it in chests, but the one who counts out what he has in excess in order to help those who do not have what they need. ... Without noble deeds, a noble fortune is nothing.” Moreover, the very ideas about money, its large or small amount, are relative, not determined by the natural needs of a person: “Everything is in the imagination. Follow nature, you will never be poor. Follow people’s opinions and you will never be rich.” On the same topic of the relationship between a person’s moral virtues and wealth, Starodum’s aphorisms: “Wealth is no help to a stupid son. Cash is not cash worth. The golden fool is everyone’s fool” (d. 4, yavl, 2).
The pursuit of money by the selfish landowners Prostakovs and Skotinin is the main intrigue of the comedy. The confrontation between the honest and disinterested Pravdin, Starodum and Milon determines the main conflict of the play. Starodum’s aphorisms and maxims reflect the ideal of a fair structure of private and public life, when “ranks,” public recognition and respect (“nobility and respect”) are determined by work and virtues. In an enlightened society, attempts to obtain money through dishonest means should be suppressed by the state, and undeserved wealth is subject to universal condemnation. The very need to repeat these truths during the time of Fonvizin testifies to the discrepancy between what was desired and what was actually realized, and that in life it was the other way around. This reveals the contours of the general conflict outlined in the play between what is and what should be. A conflict that does not find a definite resolution in life.
