We know that geothermy is the heat of the Earth, and the concept “geothermal” is often associated with volcanoes and geysers. In Russia, geothermal energy is used primarily on an industrial scale; for example, there are Far Eastern power plants that operate using the heat of our planet.

Many people are sure that making geothermal heating at home with their own hands is something out of science fiction. Is not it? But this is absolutely not true! With development modern technologies household use“green energy” has become quite real.

We will talk about the principles of operation of alternative heating, its advantages and disadvantages, and compare with traditional systems heating You will also learn about how to position the heat exchanger and how to install geothermal heating with your own hands.

When the oil crisis broke out in the 70s of the last century, a burning need arose in the West. It was at this time that the first geothermal heating systems began to be created.

Today they are widespread in the United States, Canada and Western European countries.

Image gallery

About geothermal heating sources

The following sources of terrestrial thermal energy can be used for geothermal heating:

• high temperature;
• low temperature.

High-temperature ones include, for example, thermal springs. They can be used, but their scope is limited by the actual location of such sources.

While in Iceland this type of energy is actively used, in Russia thermal waters are far from settlements. They are concentrated as much as possible in Kamchatka, where underground water used as a coolant and supplied to hot water supply systems.

The external contour looks much larger than the internal one, although its dimensions can only be assessed during planning and installation. During operation, it is invisible because it is underground or underwater. Plain water or ethylene glycol-based antifreeze circulates inside this circuit, which is much preferable.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

If it’s easier for you to perceive visual information, then this video will allow you to see with your own eyes exactly how a geothermal system functions, as well as learn more about who benefits from this type of heating and why.

We invite you to watch a short video in which the owner of a horizontal subsoil collector will talk about his impressions of its operation. Additionally, by watching this video, you will learn about the ongoing costs associated with operating a geothermal heating system.

Each owner of a private home chooses for himself whether to buy the services of resource supply organizations or rely only on himself. In doing so, he is guided by a whole list of considerations.

Do you have anything to add or have questions about geothermal heating of a private home? You can leave comments on the publication. The contact form is located in the lower block.

There are many various options heating the home. People's attention is naturally focused on searching for methods that consume the least amount of energy. Fierce debate is caused by such a progressive method of obtaining heat as the use of underground sources.

How does it work?

The operating principle of geothermal heating involves the use of heat pumps. They operate according to the classical Carnot cycle, taking a cold coolant deep below and in return receiving a liquid flow inside heated to 50 degrees heating system. The equipment operates with an efficiency of 350 to 450% (this does not contradict the fundamental physical laws; why will be discussed later). A standard heat pump heats a house or other building using the heat of the earth for 100 thousand hours (this is the average interval between preventive major repairs).

Heating to 50 degrees was not chosen by chance. Based on the results of special calculations and the study of practically implemented systems, this indicator was recognized as the most effective. Therefore, earth heating, which uses the flow of energy from the subsoil, is mainly supplemented not by radiators, but by a warm floor or an air circuit. On average, for 1000 W of energy driving the pump, it is possible to raise approximately 3500 W of thermal energy to the top. Against the backdrop of the rampant increase in the cost of coolant in the main network and other heating methods, this is a very pleasant indicator.

Geothermal heating is formed by three circuits:

• ground collector;
• heat pump;
• actually, the heating complex of the house.

A collector is a collection of pipes that are supplemented with a pump for recirculation. The coolant in the external circuit has a temperature of 3 to 7 degrees. And even such an apparently insignificant scatter allows the system to effectively solve the assigned tasks. To transfer heat, use either ethylene glycol in pure form, or its mixture with water. All-water underground heating loops are rare.

The reason is simple - the water that occurs in a sufficiently heated soil layer quickly corrodes the equipment. And even such a liquid can not be found in any random place. The choice of a specific coolant is determined constructive solutions engineers. The pump is selected depending on the design of the remaining parts of the system. Since the well depth (equipment level) is determined natural conditions, the decisive differences between the types of geothermal systems are related to the design of the collector in the ground.

The horizontal structure implies the location of the collector below the soil freezing line. Depending on the specific area, this means a deepening of 150-200 cm. Such collectors can be equipped with various pipes, both copper (with an outer layer of PVC) and made of metal-plastic. To get from 7 to 9 kW of heat, you will have to lay at least 300 square meters. m collector. This technique does not allow you to get closer to the trees than 150 cm, and after installation is completed you will have to landscape the area.

A vertically aligned reservoir involves drilling several wells, which must be aimed at different sides, and each is led at its own angle. Geothermal probes are located inside the wells, thermal output from 1 linear. m reaches approximately 50 W. It is easy to calculate that for an identical amount of heat (7-9 kW), 150-200 m of wells will have to be installed. The advantage in this case is not only in savings, but also in the fact that the landscape structure of the territory does not change. You just need to highlight small area for installation of the caisson block and for setting up the concentrating manifold.

A water-heated circuit is practical if it is possible to bring the external heat exchange unit into a lake or pond to a depth of 200 to 300 cm. But prerequisite the reservoir will be located within a radius of 0.1 km from the heated building and the water surface area will be at least 200 square meters. m. There are also air heat exchangers, when the external circuit receives heat from the atmosphere. This solution works well in the southern regions of the country and does not require any earthworks. The weaknesses of the system are low efficiency when the temperature drops to 15 degrees and a complete stop if the temperature drops to 20 degrees.

Peculiarities

Geothermal heating of a country house, first of all, does not consume expensive and air-polluting mineral fuel. Already 7 out of 10 new houses built in Sweden are heated in this way. On hot days, geothermal equipment changes from being a heater to providing passive air conditioning. Contrary to popular belief, such a heating system does not require either volcanoes or geysers to operate. In the most common flat terrain it works no worse.

The only condition is for the thermal circuit to reach a point below the freezing line, where the soil temperature is always between 3 and 15 degrees. Ultra-high efficiency only seems to contradict the laws of nature; the heat pump is saturated with freon, which evaporates under the influence of even what appears to be “icy” water. The steam warms the third circuit. This scheme represents a refrigerator turned inside out. Therefore, pump efficiency refers only to the quantitative ratio of electrical energy and thermal resources. The drive itself operates “as expected,” with inevitable energy losses.

Advantages and disadvantages

The objective advantages of geothermal heating can be considered:

• excellent efficiency;
• a solid service life (a heat pump lasts 2-3 decades, and geological probes last up to 100 years);
• stability of operation under almost any conditions;
• lack of connection to energy resources;
• complete autonomy.

There is one major problem preventing geothermal heating from becoming a truly widespread solution. This, as reviews from the owners show, is the high price of the structure being created. To heat an ordinary house of 200 square meters. m (not so rare), it will be necessary to build a turnkey system for 1 million rubles, up to 1/3 of this amount costs a heat pump. Automated installations are very convenient, and if everything is configured correctly, they can work for years without human intervention. Everything depends only on the availability of free funds. Another disadvantage is the dependence on the power supply of the pump unit.

The risk of fire in a geothermal heating system is zero. There is no need to be afraid of it taking up too much space; in the house itself, the necessary parts will require approximately the same area as an ordinary one washing machine. Moreover, it frees up space that would normally have to be reserved for fuel storage. It is unlikely that you will be able to construct the necessary contours yourself. It is also better to entrust design to professionals, since the slightest mistake can lead to unpleasant consequences.

Arrangement

Quite a lot of people are trying to create geothermal heating with their own hands. But for such a system to work, careful calculations must be made, and a pipe routing diagram must also be drawn up. You cannot bring the well closer to the house than 2-3 m. The maximum permissible drilling depth reaches 200 m, but wells reaching 50 m demonstrate good efficiency.

Calculations

The main parameters that are taken into account in any calculations are:

• temperature (depths from 15-20 m or more warm up from 8 to 100 degrees, depending on the conditions);
• extracted power value (average value - 0.05 kW per 1 m);
• the influence of climate, humidity and contact with groundwater on heat transfer.

What is very interesting is that completely dry rocks emit no more than 25 W per 1 m, and if there is groundwater, this figure rises to 100-110 W. We must not forget that standard operating hours heat pump is 1800 hours per year. If you exceed this figure, the system will not become more efficient, but its wear will rapidly increase. What is much worse, excessive exploitation of the thermal resource of the subsoil leads to its cooling and even to the freezing of rocks at the working depth. Following this, the soil may subsidence, sometimes damaging working pipes and above-ground structures.

It is necessary to carefully calculate the actions to regenerate soil properties. Only by periodically supplying heat into the well instead of extracting it outside can one guarantee stable operation of the system for many years to come. How often to do this and what else to do will be determined by calculations made by experienced designers. Payback time for geothermal heating even with highest efficiency is at least 10 years. So, in addition to engineering issues, you should carefully consider the economics of the project.

Sequence of work

Heat supply from underground sources must be created according to a strictly developed algorithm. Since water and air systems are used to a limited extent; most practically used options involve drilling wells. And this is another reason why you can’t do everything yourself. Only special equipment allows you to penetrate to a depth of 20-100 m, where they are created the necessary conditions for heating. Can be used as probes plastic pipes rated for a pressure of about 6 bar.

To increase the efficiency of the system, use 3 or 4 line harnesses, the end sections of which are connected in the form of the letter U. Heating along the contour is very important, thanks to it, cracking of pipes is eliminated in severe frost. This heating is carried out through a wire stretched into the center of the channel through which current is supplied. If it is not possible to use energy piles, horizontal receivers have to be used. A platform with dimensions of 15x15 m is prepared for them, the soil is removed from it to a depth of 0.5 m.

This entire area is needed for laying some kind of probes. Electrical mats or pipes that exchange heat are often used. To increase the efficiency of the heating system, pipes are laid out in a spiral or in the form of a “snake”. It is impossible to say for sure which is better - ready-made complexes, mass-produced, or self-assembly. In the first case, the compatibility problem is automatically solved, but in the second, flexibility increases and the potential for modernization increases (although more attention must be paid to design).

Amateur builders can move away from a standard heat accumulator by replacing it with a concrete screed. Geothermal heating in such a system allows you to do without significant temperature fluctuations. You can conduct experiments with different coolants, as well as install compressors with varying performance. By properly calculating the loads and correctly distributing heat across the consuming circuits, you can make the system 15-20% more efficient. At the same time, power costs are noticeably reduced.

Horizontally placed pipes are laid to a depth of 50-300 cm. To keep the area of ​​the lines as small as possible, they are made in the form of turns. But between two separate lines there must be at least 200 mm. Any construction work should be preceded by a determination of the thermal output of the soil. If it is less than 20 W per 1 sq. m, there is no point in a geothermal circuit. To provide a diversion groundwater, the bottom of the pits is covered with a layer of sand. Pipes based on cross-linked polyethylene perform well.

The search for alternative energy sources led to the invention of devices that are capable of accumulating heat, which is found in large quantities in the human environment. Sun rays, geyser springs, soil - all this, to one degree or another, can satisfy the need for heating the coolant for the heating system and hot water supply.

Although geothermal heating using the heat of the earth is a relatively new direction, the prospects for such a solution are obvious. Thanks to the installation of special equipment, it becomes possible to obtain a cheap, almost endless type of thermal energy.

How to get heat into a house from the ground

The earth is even in winter period does not freeze completely over time. This feature is used installation teams, laying the pipeline below the freezing point. Surprisingly, the temperature of these layers rarely drops below +5 +7°C degrees.

Is it possible to take advantage of the earth's ability to accumulate heat, extract it and use it to heat the coolant? Certainly! But to do alternative heating For a private house using earth heat, it is possible to solve the following problems:

• Receiving heat - you will need to accumulate thermal energy and direct it to a storage tank.
• Heating the coolant. The heated antifreeze must transfer thermal energy to the liquid that circulates in the heating and hot water system.
• Cooled antifreeze must be returned to the heat exchanger for further heating.

To solve these issues, a geothermal pump using the heat of the earth was developed. A geothermal heat pump allows you to extract an amount of heat that is more than enough to produce a large amount of heat and use it as a main or additional heating equipment, depending on the design and location of the house.

How does geothermal heating work at home, principle of operation

Underground deep heating from the ground is no longer a fantasy. Such installations can be easily purchased in Russia. Moreover, geothermal installations are able to operate both in northern and southern latitudes. But what principle do they use in their work?

Even in the last century, the fact was noted that during evaporation certain types liquids are capable of cooling the surface. This is exactly what happens when they wipe the skin with alcohol before an injection or water a paved area heated under the sun. This principle was taken as the basis for the development of refrigeration equipment.

Then the idea arose: why not start the cooling process in reverse side and not get hot air instead of cold. Most modern air conditioners are able to not only cool the air in the room, but also work to heat it. But the disadvantage of such devices is that they are limited by the ambient temperature. So, after the mark reaches -5 degrees, they stop working.

Geothermal pumps for heating private houses from the ground are completely devoid of this disadvantage, although they use a principle that is in many ways reminiscent of the operation of an air conditioner to heat a room.

How does geothermal heating work?

As already noted, a geothermal heating system from the bowels of the earth is in many ways similar to the operation of an air conditioner in heating mode. What is happening at this moment?

• In the lower layers of the soil, at the bottom of a river or lake, water collectors are installed through which antifreeze circulates. Collectors absorb heat and release cold.
• The heated antifreeze rises to the top using a pump.
• Heat exchange occurs in the buffer tank. Heated antifreeze transfers thermal energy to the coolant or heats the water.
• The cooled antifreeze flows back to the collectors.

There are installations that are able to independently heat large rooms, others are used exclusively as auxiliary equipment capable of providing 50-75% of the room’s heat needs.

Geothermal equipment for using the heat of the earth

The operating principle of a deep home heating system using earth energy is based on the use of special equipment. It performs the following functions: accumulates heat from the environment and transfers it to the coolant of the heating system. The following nodes are used for this:

• The evaporator is located deep underground. The function of the evaporator is to absorb thermal energy found in the surrounding soil.
• Condenser - brings antifreeze to the required temperature.
• Heat pump - circulates antifreeze in the system. Monitors the operation of the entire installation.
• Buffer tank - collects heated antifreeze in one place to transfer energy to the coolant. It consists of an internal tank containing water from the heating system and an internal coil through which heated antifreeze moves.

Although natural low-temperature geothermal heating of a house with the heat of the earth provides enough thermal energy, the most practical option heating with this solution is to connect it to the “warm floor” system.

Installation and installation of geothermal heating

The main difficulty regarding the installation of geothermal equipment is associated with the installation of the heat exchanger circuit in the soil-ground. Although you can find it on the Internet a large number of advice on how to do this work yourself, practice shows that most of the advice cannot be applied without special specialized education, therefore, all work must be performed by professional installers who are representatives of the manufacturer.

After contacting specialists, geothermal heating systems for private houses using the heat of the earth are installed in the following several stages:

1. Engineer visiting your home. During the first visit, soil samples are taken, the features of the area are determined and a decision is made on the most efficient installation geothermal system. The efficiency of the installation can also be affected by the source of the intended heat. It is considered more productive to install heat exchangers at the bottom of a reservoir or at the sources of thermal sources.
2. Conclusion of a contract and acquisition necessary equipment . Prices may vary significantly depending on the complexity of the installation work and other nuances. But on average, if a quality one is chosen German manufacturer, the installation cost will be approximately equal to its price. Turnkey purchase of Vaillant installation for a house of 350 sq. m. will cost approximately 21 thousand $
3. Installation work . Heating a private house with underground geothermal heat sources, or rather, its efficiency largely depends on correct implementation works at the installation stage. After the water heat exchangers are installed in the ground, a connection is made to the geothermal installation and home heating system.
4. Commissioning works. The engineer starts the system and makes fine adjustments to the device. After setup, the Work Completion Certificate is signed.

According to current legislation, the company installing the equipment may provide additional warranties subject to payment for these services. Such guarantees will cost an additional $1000.

Is geothermal heating effective in the North?

To create the minimum conditions necessary for the operation of a geothermal installation, it is sufficient to comply with the following conditions:

• The temperature of the soil layer in which the heat exchangers are located should not fall below +5.+7°C degrees.
• Throughout the entire system through which antifreeze flows, conditions have been created to prevent it from freezing.
• Geothermal heating country house completed after all necessary calculations and design documentation.

If we take into account all the described requirements, it becomes clear that such installations can be effective if the above conditions are met. Nevertheless, for northern regions it is more advisable to use such installations for heating small areas up to 150-200 sq. m.

Geyser heating of a private house

The performance of a geothermal pump largely depends on the temperature of the soil or water in which the heat exchanger is located. In this regard, the residents of Kamchatka are in a more advantageous position. On the peninsular Kamchatka there are a huge number of thermal springs - geysers that do not cool down even in winter time of the year.

Before installation of equipment, geological exploration must be carried out. If a warm source is located on the territory of the house, it makes sense to place heat exchangers at the bottom of this reservoir. In this case, geothermal energy will pay for itself much faster.

How to heat a house using a geothermal pump

The technology of heating a house with underground heat is most in demand in the West. This is primarily due to the mentality of residents of Western countries. They are used to making long-term investments that pay off completely only after a few years. And there are few people who are able to pay about $20 thousand at a time for the installation of equipment. But the number of people who want to become independent from other heating sources is constantly growing.

Alternative methods of geothermal home heating are becoming more popular, especially given the ever-increasing cost of gas.

Thermal energy literally lies under your feet. It's just a matter of bending down and “picking up” it. This can help geothermal installation. Installation of the pump allows, depending on the area, either to completely compensate for the needs for thermal energy, or to satisfy them partially, significantly reducing the load on the main heating source and DHW system private home.

IN last decades the active life of people satisfying their needs began to have a very negative impact on nature, environment. And thermal power plants played an important role in this process. At the same time, society began to understand that natural resources are not unlimited, which is why last years began to introduce analogues of heat supply sources. One of these alternative ways Heat the house is geothermal heating. The system is simple and effective, and you can do it yourself.

Note that geothermal heating in the USA and European countries ah has become the main source of heat, but in Russia today it is considered only as an alternative to gas, electric, solid fuel and other types of heating. Very soon, geothermal heating will become mainstream, because reviews say that it is a cost-effective way to heat your home without harming the environment and with benefit to yourself.

Operating principle

Such a phenomenon as geothermal heating, the principle of which is similar to a conventional refrigerator, only in reverse, is becoming more and more popular. The earth retains heat constantly; objects located on its surface can be heated. The point is that the earth is heated from the inside by hot magma, and from above, thanks to the soil, it does not freeze.

The thermal energy obtained during the heating process is used by a geothermal system based on a special heat pump.

And the operating principle here is as follows: a heat pump is placed on top, and a heat exchanger is lowered into a special earthen shaft. Groundwater flows through the pump and is heated. Thus, the heat generated in this way is used for industrial or domestic purposes. This is how underground heating works.

Note that the main advantage of such a system is that with an electricity consumption of 1 kW, we obtain useful thermal energy in the range from 4 to 6 kW. For comparison, a conventional air conditioner is not capable of converting 1 kW of electricity into 1 kW of thermal energy (the law of conservation of energy, since losses when converting one type of energy into another, alas, has not yet been canceled). Heating using the heat of the earth will pay for itself quickly enough when the right approach to the implementation of geothermal heating.

System Features

Of course, it is not so easy to make geothermal heating with your own hands, but it is quite possible. And to begin with, a mine is made. The shaft parameters are calculated for each case separately. Its dimensions will depend on the climate in your area, the type of soil, the structural features of the region’s crust, and the home area where such a system will be installed. Typically, the mine depth ranges from 25 to 100 m.

Next, the installation of geothermal heating involves such a step as lowering pipes into the earth's shaft that absorb heat. The functions of these pipes are as follows: they will supply heat to the pump, which will increase the temperature of the liquid and release it into heating. Note that if you decide to make geothermal heating systems with your own hands, then you will need an assistant, because the pipes can be very heavy.

Note that in summer period Heating is from the ground, works as an air conditioner. To do this, you need to activate the reverse mechanism. During operation, the heat exchanger will take cooling energy.

Methods of operation of the system

This is an effective and environmentally friendly system - thermal heating, the principle of its operation can proceed in three main ways:

1. Used thermal energy deep groundwater. This kind of water high temperature, the heat pump lifts it and heats it. Next, the water goes through the heat exchanger, giving away the bulk of its energy.
2. This method requires additional expenses from owners. A reservoir containing antifreeze is lowered into the depth of the soil from 75 m and below. It heats up and rises to the heat exchanger using a heat pump. After the heat is transferred to the heat exchanger, the antifreeze goes back to the reservoir.
3. And for the third method of operation of the system, it is not necessary to equip a soil mine at all. Such heating from the ground is suitable for heating buildings that have access to a body of water. So, horizontal probes are placed along the bottom of the reservoir from the heat exchanger and convert the heat of the water at the bottom.

Benefits of a Geothermal Heating System

Geothermal heating systems have several advantages:

• The release of thermal energy is several times greater than the electricity consumption required by the pump.
• Environmental friendliness is greater than that of other heating systems, since geothermal heating systems do not produce any harmful emissions.
• For a geothermal system to function, no fuel or additional chemicals. Therefore, it is safe for owners and the environment.
• There is no risk of explosion or fire in the operation of such heating.
• Given that correct installation heating system will last for at least 30 years without technical support.

We install geothermal heating ourselves

Let us immediately note this feature: those who decide to equip heating with earth’s heat will need to invest a huge amount into it once. Of course, over time this cost will pay off, since we are not building housing for ourselves for a year or two. Plus, the cost of gas and electricity goes up every year, and with a geothermal system, you won't know what these price hikes are.

Please note that inside the room you want to heat, install heating elements, no different from water heating. Your home will be heated by radiators, and the heat will flow through the pipes.

However, in this system, its main part will be hidden underground. Heating with earth energy means having a well and a heat exchanger. You only need to install a device in your home that will generate heat - it usually does not take up much space.

Using such a device, the user will be able to regulate the temperature and supply thermal energy. The installation of the heating system itself in a home is done as usual - with a branching pipeline and radiators. If you have a private house, or the building itself is small, then in this case the system generator is installed in a separate room or in the basement.

Distribution of geothermal heating system

Heating using the heat of the earth began to spread in the late 80s in US cities, which were particularly hard hit by the crisis. At first, this system was used by wealthy people, who in this way saved on heating their homes, but soon the system began to become cheaper, and poorer Americans became interested in it. And soon the use of earth's heat for heating became the prerogative of most Americans who owned private homes. In European countries, 20 years ago, statistics indicated that approximately 12 million citizens used geothermal heating systems. And during all this time until today this figure has only increased.

The trends in the spread of geothermal heating are clear. After all, heating using earth's energy is convenient, economical and safe.

Although the gas heating system is the most popular, for the same reason every year reserves natural gas decrease, the cost of it increases and increases. And application for heating the house solid fuel– it’s labor-intensive. In addition, as a result of burning wood and coal, harmful carbon dioxide is released, soot and tar are formed. Therefore, geothermal heating is becoming increasingly common in Russia.

When building a house, each owner tries to think about the weight of the design nuances. Heating no less important point which requires consultation with specialists. For many, geothermal heating seems unattainable, because it is associated only with places where hot springs bubble. However, in practice, a special pump can generate energy, so this option is suitable for any climatic conditions and terrain. However, is it worth doing geothermal heating at home with your own hands, because the equipment itself is already expensive. To find the answer to this question it is worth studying existing options and features of installation work.

Geothermal heating works on the same principle as air conditioning. The components are two circuits and a heat pump.

The internal circuit includes pipes and radiators located throughout the house. The external circuit is a heat exchanger, which is placed either underground or under water. Liquid with antifreeze or plain water circulates inside. The heated liquid enters the pump, which accelerates it through the elements internal contour, due to which the water in the radiators is always warm.

The pump does not take up much space, but performs one of the key functions in the system. For every kW of electricity used, it produces 4 times the heat output. The air conditioner is not so productive, because after taking 1 kW of electricity, it gives out the same amount.

Classification depending on the type of structure

This type of heating arrangement in a house is considered one of the most expensive and this is due to the price of equipment and earthworks. At such moments, many consumers wonder what they can save on, and the only thing that comes to mind is installation. However, to understand whether this is so, it is worth evaluating the features of the device and possible options designs.

• Horizontal heat exchanger. When choosing this design, the pipes are laid underground, and the depth must be greater than the freezing level of the soil. However, this option requires the allocation of territory for the contour. Just imagine, if you need to heat a house with an area of ​​250 m2, then you will need 600 m2 to arrange the circuit. In addition, it is necessary to take into account some technical points. For example, all elements should be located on minimum distance from the tree - 1.5 meters. If the site is landscaped, then this already creates certain inconveniences.
• The vertical option does not require the allocation of a large area, however, the use of drilling equipment will incur significant costs. Creating a well is a labor-intensive process, however, this structure will last for at least a hundred years. This option is suitable for areas that are already developed.
• The water-based option uses the energy of water and allows you to significantly save on arrangement. The only requirement is the presence of a reservoir within 100 meters, its area must be at least 200 m2, and the structure must be located no deeper than three meters.

As practice shows, it is difficult to carry out installation with your own hands. Considering that there will be a lot of money invested in equipment, you should not skimp on the installation process and should turn to professionals.

Previously, such installations could be found in luxurious and wealthy homes, but now they have become more affordable. They were first used by residents of the United States in the 80s, and now residents of European countries have taken note. This solution allowed us to save on heating costs overall. Twenty years ago, 12 million European citizens took advantage of a similar design, but today their number has increased dramatically.

In Sweden, most of the heat is already produced using heat pumps. Accordingly, their popularity has increased due to a number of advantages over all alternative systems:

• The inexhaustible and renewable energy of the earth is used to heat your own home;
• There is no risk of fire;
• You don’t have to look for cheap fuel and think about where to store it;
• An environmentally friendly system, without the formation of harmful emissions, due to which it is actively supported by environmentalists;
• Lack of regular monitoring and intervention; the system operates autonomously at all levels;
• Unlimited amount of energy available at any time and in any quantity;
• You don’t have to spend money on system maintenance;
• High performance compared to existing alternatives.

Experts recommend combining the installation of a geothermal system and heated floors to achieve maximum benefit effect. Firstly, uniform temperature distribution is guaranteed, and secondly, the formation of overheating zones will be avoided.

In order for the costs to pay off in full in 3-4 years, it is worth considering that this type of heating is beneficial to owners of cottages up to 150 m2. Taking into account the fact that conventional heating networks regularly become more expensive and fail, a decision towards a geothermal system will allow you to forget about heat supply for at least 100 years. The chosen option will quickly justify itself. In the post-Soviet space, this option is less popular due to the large investment. It is still difficult to convince our fellow citizens that it is better to spend money once and forget about the problem.

Installation features

If gas and electricity are constantly becoming more expensive, and with them the heating of a private home, then when choosing a geothermal system you can forget about this feature. In addition, you do not have to take into account that gas reserves will exhaust themselves over time. The use of solid fuel is an even more expensive solution. When burning wood and coal, harmful substances are released. Among all the alternatives, this option is the safest, however, unlike gas heating and solid fuel, installation of the system is more labor-intensive and expensive. Therefore, it should be entrusted to professionals with extensive experience in this field. Only they know all the nuances of installation. If the work is carried out correctly, the heating issue will be resolved for many years.

At the same time, inside the room there will be the same pipes and radiators through which heat will flow. The main elements will be hidden underground - a well and a heat exchanger. The house must have a device that will convert heat. It is for this that it is necessary to allocate as much space as possible. With its help, the owner of the premises can regulate the temperature and supply of thermal energy. As a rule, in private homes the generator is located in the basement or a separate room.

When installing there are some things to consider functionality system - it is also used in the summer. Instead of heating there is an air conditioning system. To do this, the reverse mechanism is started, the heat exchanger will begin to receive and distribute cooling energy.

The popularity of geothermal heating is due to its comfort, efficiency and safety. With the right approach, all the additions will pay off pretty quickly.