Today there are a large number various technologies, due to which during the construction or repair process, as country house, and apartments in a standard high-rise building, you can equip a high-quality and fairly durable base for the floor. There are quite a lot of options - from arranging cheap floor coverings to constructing expensive heating systems, but in some cases it may be necessary to attach the joists to concrete floor. Due to this, you can not only get additional underground space, which can be used for laying thermal insulation materials, but also to hide differences and defects in the concrete coating.

Logs - functional purpose and step calculation

When constructing a finishing wood floor covering, it is quite common to install beams on a concrete base or slabs interfloor ceilings. Thanks to the beams, a high-quality frame is obtained for laying finishing decorative floor coverings. Since beams act as intermediate structural elements, in addition to their main tasks, they have a number of additional functions:

• Arrangement of underground air space in which various communications can be hidden;
• Creating additional circulation air flow indoors;
• Uniform distribution of loads across the foundation and floor beams;
• Increased thermal and sound insulation inside the apartment;
• Creating a flat horizontal base for the finishing decorative coating.

Variety of lags

Laying joists on concrete surface is carried out with a certain step (distance between wooden blocks), which depends on the thickness of the boards used for flooring. So a board 3 cm thick is laid on wood beams in increments of 300 mm. In this case, there must be a gap of at least 30 mm from the beams to the walls running along the perimeter of the room.

Basic tools and consumables

The specificity of how to attach logs to a concrete floor is that you will need a certain tool to work with, both wooden material and for drilling holes in concrete. In order to carry out such activities, it is necessary to prepare the following tools and consumables:

• a professional hammer drill or, as a last resort, a drill with a chipper function;
• self-tapping screws or anchors (in the case of self-tapping screws, the diameter of the latter is 6 mm, and the size depends on the wooden blocks), as well as dowels that will go into the concrete to a depth of 80 mm;
• carpentry tools for cutting and fitting beams - jigsaw, chisel, etc.

Pick up different kinds fasteners should be taken into account the budget allocated for repairs. Naturally, self-tapping screws with dowels are more economical, however, anchors are more reliable. In most cases, dowels with self-tapping screws are quite sufficient, especially since this inexpensive fastener can be installed at a shorter distance from each other.

Installation of logs

In turn, the advantage of anchor fasteners is that it not only allows you to fix the position of the wooden beam, but also presses the latter against floor surface, which is quite useful in the process of constructing solid flooring.

Laying joists on a concrete base - sequence of work

Before direct installation, the wood must be treated with antiseptic solutions and then covered with soil. Only after completion preparatory stage You can proceed to installing a wooden beam, the fastening diagram of which, as well as the sequence of work, is given below:

Using self-tapping screws to attach joists

Probably one of the simplest and cheapest ways to get the desired result with your own hands is to install beams with self-tapping screws.

Through holes are drilled in the beams, through which symmetrical marks are made in. Subsequently, recesses are also made along the marks in the floor into which dowels are inserted and screws are screwed in. Installation is carried out in increments of 400–800 mm, depending on the structure being manufactured.

The length of the screws directly depends on the thickness of the wooden blocks, taking into account the fact that part fastening element must be screwed into the dowel by at least 50 mm. According to the advice of experts, it is better to use a self-tapping screw with a neck, that is, without a thread in front of the head. Due to this design, the beams are better attracted to the floor base.

The role of anchor fasteners in floor construction

Fastening the logs with anchor fasteners

In fact, anchor fastener- This is an analogue of dowels, but with a more powerful design. Its main advantage is its high resistance to tearing. For this reason, such fasteners are used for the construction of massive structures that create a large load on the fastening elements.

• Thanks to the anchors, the fastening of the beams is very reliable. The main advantage of this type of installation is not just fixation wooden planks, but also high-quality pressing of the latter to the cement base.
• In fact, the fastening procedure is no different from installation with self-tapping screws. A through hole is drilled in the board and duplicated on a concrete base. The joists must additionally have holes to hide the bolt head, which must be completely recessed into the wood.
• In most cases, to fix one beam with anchors on a scale standard apartment No more than 4 fasteners will be required.
• Insert into the recesses formed at the base of the floor locking elements anchor, and a bolt is screwed into it.
• The length of the anchor fastener can vary from 4.5 to 20 cm. When choosing the diameter and length of the fastener, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the wooden beams.

Installation of logs using corners

Fastening wood blocks with corners is another way to install a floor on a concrete base. Why is one side of the corner connected to the timber using screws? It is important that the depth of penetration of the screw into the wood is at least 30 mm.

In this case, the free side of the corner should rest against the floor. It is fixed to the concrete surface with the same dowels and in the same sequence as discussed earlier, that is, holes are drilled along the marks in the floor into which the dowels are inserted, after which a self-tapping screw is screwed into them.

Adjustable joists - main advantages

Floor installation system using adjustable joists has deservedly taken its place in the construction of floor coverings. This was achieved thanks to a large number undeniable advantages– possibility of construction ideally smooth surfaces, hiding imperfections in the subfloor, as well as protection against mold and mildew.

Reliable fastening is achieved through plastic bolts, which act as the main fastening and adjusting element. Thanks to this system of arranging a floor structure, you can independently build a high-quality wood floor on a concrete base in the shortest possible time.

Also, the undeniable advantages of the adjustable design include excellent ventilation of the underground space; it prevents the formation of all kinds of fungi, bacteria and mold, as well as rotting of the wood from which the logs are made. At the same time, in the underground space you can easily hide communication systems - heating pipes, electrical wiring, etc.

I would also like to note that through the use of plastic bolts, the soundproofing characteristics of the floor are improved. Also in the space between the concrete base and wooden structure Additional thermal insulation can be installed on the floor, which is especially important in apartments on the ground floor or private houses.

The feasibility of attaching joists to concrete

Constructing a floor on joists is the only acceptable option for installing wood floors on a concrete surface. However, the process itself is not the simplest, since attaching the joists to the concrete floor is due to the presence of quite large quantity materials and compliance with certain stages. But, according to construction experts, anyone can handle it if the technological process is followed exactly.

One of the most important elements The floor structure is a log system. It is from strength, choice the right step between the types of wood and the installation method will depend on the operating conditions finishing coating.

Choosing timber for logs

Timbers can have different sections and humidity levels

As already mentioned, it is the joists to the floor that perform one of the most important functions. Therefore, so that the floor coverings serve properly long term, you need to choose the right one construction material. It will be necessary to pay attention to many factors, otherwise the bars may deform under load and cause damage to the finish coating.

• Humidity. When choosing any wood building material, the first thing you should pay attention to is its moisture content. If the beams are not dry, they will not undergo strong linear changes during the drying process. Therefore, at the time of purchase, the timber should have a moisture content of no more than 16–18%. This humidity indicator is optimal, because the risks that the wood will gain moisture or dry out are minimal. It is worth noting that both of these processes can cause deformations, only their directions will be different.
• Type of wood. The joist system is designed to serve as a strong support for the finishing coating, so it must be strong. Choice of the highest quality optional, because grade 2 or 3 wood will do just fine. The strength of the logs will be compensated by a large number of support points, so the main thing is that the lumber does not have areas with mold and fungi. When using a leveling system, you should pay attention to the number and size of knots. They can become areas where the support breaks.
• Section. The shape of the section can be determined by the end side. It is necessary to choose the material that will have a clear rectangular shape. The optimal aspect ratio is 1:2 or 2:3, i.e. beams with a cross section of 50x100 mm and 100x150 mm, for example. In this case, the logs should be laid on edge. This position of the beam will be maximally resistant to vertical loads. The choice of beam cross-section should be based on the step at which they will be laid and what layer of insulation is planned to be used.
• Breed. The most common option is coniferous species, which have affordable prices and are perfect for supporting a finished floor. For example, pine or spruce are perfect for normal conditions, but where high humidity is expected, it is recommended to use larch. It is more resistant to moisture and can provide a good service life.
• Treatment. You need to ask sellers whether their lumber has antiseptic treatment. If there is no such thing, which often happens, then you will have to do it yourself. In addition to the antiseptic, which will protect against mold and mildew, fire retardants are used to increase the fire-resistant properties of the material.

Advice! You need to select lumber very carefully. It is best to select the samples you like from the warehouse yourself. This way you can get rid of the possibility that they will give you warped ones, which will be difficult to level, and you will have to do a lot of planing with a plane.

Choosing the right building material is only half the battle. It is worth dwelling on how logs are attached to wooden beams in wooden house, on concrete floors and a strapping system.

Joists on supports in a wooden house

For logs, bars with a cross section of 50x100 mm are usually used. From this it is clear that they are not the only strengthening system. That’s why they use beams in wooden houses on the floors, and on the ground floor they use support pillars.

Supporting wooden support beams on poles

Installation of support pillars

The support pillars are made of brick with a wooden overlay, which should not allow moisture coming from the pillar to rot the wood of the beam.

The installation site for the pillars is dug to a depth of 50–60 cm, and sand cushion. A layer of waterproofing from roofing felt sheets is applied, and formwork is performed with a height above the ground level of 30–40 cm.

After the concrete has been poured and dried, bricks are laid on it one level at a time, which will also have a concrete structure inside. To do this, during the process of pouring the concrete base, reinforcing wire is left under the pillars to the height that will be necessary for the height of one pillar. Excess sections of reinforcement are subsequently trimmed with a grinder.

Adjustable support for wooden floor beams

The step between the pillars for one beam is within the range of 60–100 cm, and between adjacent beams – 150–200 cm.

Attention! Plank flooring is usually oriented in the direction of the sunlight falling through the window. Therefore, it will be necessary to take this fact into account and orient the beams in the same direction as the finishing floor.

Beams

A layer of roofing felt is laid on the prepared pillars. In addition, during the manufacturing process of the pillars, a wooden strip is installed on them as an overlay.

The beams will rest mainly on strip foundation, and the pillars should serve only as reinforcing elements and in no case take the main burden. Therefore, their level should not exceed the level of the foundation tape.

Attaching to wooden beams

Attach the joists to wooden beams it will be as easy as shelling pears. It is recommended to use angles as fasteners. It is not necessary to attach the logs on both sides. To save on fasteners for large squares, you can attach the corners in a checkerboard pattern.

Joists on beams

When using mounts on beams, it is better to refrain from rigidly fastening the support slats to the wall. It is worth using an angle fastening with the possibility of shrinkage of the supports and movement of the screw. In this case, it is necessary to leave a technological gap between the wall and the logs.

Attaching joists to a concrete base

Screw for fastening joists and slats

The use of beams and pillars on a concrete surface is eliminated, because the logs will be laid and attached directly to the concrete surface. You can cope with this task alone. The order of actions will be as follows:

• A layer of waterproofing must be laid on the concrete base. As a moisture-insulating material, you can use roofing felt or ordinary plastic film. In this case, the joints must be airtight, so they are sealed with tape.
• The choice of lag laying step will directly depend on what finishing material will be used. For example, for floorboards with a cross-section of 35–40 mm, you can use a step of 60–70 cm.
• Using one log along the entire length of the room is not always possible. Therefore, it is necessary to make an even joint between the two parts so that the horizontal level at the junction coincides with the general level. To do this, they can use iron corners or special cuts in the tongue and groove. If this is done across the entire width of the room, then it is better to connect the joists in a checkerboard pattern so that subsequent loads do not cause fracture and deformation in this area.
• The first step is to secure the outermost joists. They will serve as beacons for leveling the remaining bars. To align two bars at large distances from each other, you must use a laser level.
• Attach the logs to concrete base depending on how tall they are. Thin bars are fixed through and through with dowels and spacers, which are placed in pre-prepared holes. And high supports - with special corners.

As a finishing coating on top of the bars, you can use sheets of plywood, which will serve as a subfloor under laminate or parquet.

Attaching the joist to the timber frame

When making a log system, they usually use a frame made of timber, which performs a strengthening function and allows the logs to be installed at the same level. In order to secure the logs to the frame, a simple method is used - the corners and brackets are installed on self-tapping screws. At the same time, the latter are advised to be installed slightly at an angle so that the logs cannot become loose during operation.

How to attach joists to a frame without using nails

The use of a strapping system is typical for frame houses and other types that do not have a rigid base, where an accurate and even connection is possible. When connecting bars with fasteners to a concrete base, squeaks may subsequently occur, but fastening only to the strapping will not cause this.

There are many in various ways fastenings that need to be used depending on the situation.

In the video you can see how best to attach wooden logs in a loggia in an adjustable manner:

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A floor laid on logs is a design that is more often used in private housing construction. But it can often be found in city apartments, when logs are laid on a concrete base of a floor covered with a screed, covered on top with a flooring made of boards or plywood. This design allows you to level any floor base; heat or sound insulation materials, as well as communication networks, are laid between the joists. And this is a big plus.

As for fastening methods, there are several technologies (old and new) that craftsmen use today. True, not all beginners know how to lay joists on a concrete floor, they do not know the nuances of the process itself, which often leads to a decrease in the quality of the final result.

Methods for attaching lags

There are two main methods of fastening.

• By rigid fastening.
• By regulated.

The main difference between the two positions is that the first option is to install a log in one horizontal plane and fastening to rigid fasteners once and for all. The second option is a floating structure, in which the logs are also rigidly fixed, but they can be adjusted in height if necessary. In this case, threaded adjustment is used.

Rigid mount lag

In this category, three types of fasteners are used today, one of which belongs to old technology, two to the new one. First in Lately is used less and less because new fasteners are made of metal and are stronger and more reliable.

Installation of lags between wooden bosses

Bobs are small pieces wooden slats 10-20 cm long. The height of the slats from which they are cut should not exceed the height of the logs. They are attached to the concrete floor with self-tapping screws, for which two through holes are made in the bosses themselves. Through them, the same holes are made in the floor, into which a wooden chip is driven in or a plastic dowel is inserted.

It is very important here to position the bosses correctly on the floor. To do this on the surface concrete screed parallel lines are drawn to indicate the location of the lags. Half the width of the joist is laid off from the line in two directions, that is, the full width is indicated on the floor. Along these edges, two bosses are installed on each edge.

In this case, the distance between fasteners along the joists is selected in the range of 50-60 cm.

The bosses are fixed to the floor, and a joist is inserted between them. But now we need to align the laid beams in one horizontal plane.

• To do this, linings of different thicknesses are sawn from a sheet of plywood or from a lath.
• First, the logs laid along the edges are aligned horizontally.
• A thread is stretched between them anywhere and checked by level. If an air bubble inside the level has risen to one of the logs, it means that it is located above the second. According to the first one located above, it will be necessary to align all other elements. Instead of a thread, you can use a long rule if the distance between the extreme lags does not exceed 2 m. For this you can also use a long rail or metal profile.
• The laid first lag is firmly attached to the bosses with self-tapping screws.
• Now we need to raise the second outermost lag to the level of the first. Cut pieces of wood are placed under it in the places where the bosses are installed. Everything is checked with a level using a tensioned thread. At the same time, the location of the beam itself is checked; it must be horizontal.
• The joist is leveled; it must be secured to the bosses with self-tapping screws.
• Now 3-5 rows of threads are stretched between these two elements, which will define one horizontal plane. It will be necessary to place intermediate elements along them, securing them to the bosses.

Installation of logs to metal corners

Today, bosses are gradually disappearing into oblivion, because they have been replaced by more durable and reliable fasteners in the form of metal perforated corners. They are made of galvanized steel, which guarantees long-term operation. The thickness of the product is 2-2.5 mm, which provides increased fastener strength. Production technology – cold stamping.

The design of the corner has two elements that ensure reliability and ease of fastening. This is a stiffener and several holes different diameters from 5 to 14 mm.

The process of installing joists on the floor in the corners is carried out in exactly the same way as using bosses. Only instead of the latter, metal fasteners are installed. The only thing I wanted to pay attention to was the fastening of the corners to the concrete floor. If a joist structure is constructed in this way in a city apartment, it is recommended to metal fastener lay dense soundproofing material. In principle, you can use pieces of old linoleum for this.

Installation of logs with self-tapping screws, anchors or dowels

This is considered to be the easiest way to install and attach joists to a concrete base. Depending on the thickness of the timber used to construct the floor structure, the type of fastener is also selected. For example, bars with a cross section of 50x50 mm can be attached to the floor with self-tapping screws. WITH large sizes It is better to secure the logs with more powerful fasteners.

• You need to start by drilling holes in the joists themselves. The diameter is determined depending on the chosen fastener. The distance between them is 40-80 cm.
• The bars are laid at the installation site, and marks are made through the holes on the floor.
• The beams are moved, and according to the notes, holes are made in the floor.
• If self-tapping screws are used for fastening, then plastic dowels are inserted into the holes.
• First, the two outermost elements of the floor structure are installed and aligned in the same plane. Pads are placed under them near the fastening joints, and the horizontal position is checked with a level.
• Then the bars are simply attached to the floor with self-tapping screws, anchors or metal dowels.
• After that, 4-5 threads are stretched between these two lags, along which the remaining elements are aligned.

The length of the fasteners is selected depending on the thickness of the logs being laid and taking into account the gap between the bars and the concrete base. The most important thing is that the fasteners go into the concrete floor to a depth of at least 5-6 cm. This method of attaching joists to a concrete floor is not only reliable, the fasteners attract the joists to the base, creating additional rigidity of the entire floor structure.

Adjustable Mount

The idea to create adjustable fasteners for joists lay on the surface because threaded connection has been known for a long time. It is the rotation of the nuts along the thread of the stud that makes it possible to raise or lower structural element. This simplified the process of aligning the bars relative to the floor surface. At the same time, installing wooden beams on such fasteners guaranteed their stability, rigidity and reliability. Therefore, today manufacturers offer enough wide choose this type of fasteners that have flooded the modern market.

The simplest of them is a regular stud with M8-10 thread. Essentially, it is a round piece of metal with a thread cut along its entire (or partial) length. The product is coated with a galvanized layer, which increases their service life. The only thing you need to understand is how to properly install a stud in a concrete floor.

• You need to start by drilling holes in the joists themselves.
• The latter are laid at the place of their installation, and marks are made on the floor through the holes.
• The logs are moved to the side and holes are drilled in the concrete base to fit the diameter of the stud. The main requirement is the drilling depth, which should not be less than 6-8 cm.
• Special ones are inserted inside the holes. plastic dowels to the diameter of the stud.
• The fasteners are screwed into them. In this case, a wide washer and nut are put on top of the stud. With the help of the latter, the fasteners are pressed against the concrete floor. Here it is very important to align the pin vertically; a level is used for this.
• When all fasteners are installed, their protruding ends must be aligned in the same horizontal plane. To do this, strong threads are pulled between the four extreme ends to form a rectangle. All threads are aligned horizontally by unscrewing or screwing in the pins.
• The intermediate fasteners are then installed in the same way.
• Now the nuts are screwed onto the protruding threaded fasteners. Their location is determined by the thickness of the logs.
• Wide washers are placed on top.
• The bars are being installed on the studs.
• The washers are thrown on top and the nuts are screwed on and tightened until they stop.

Adjustable fasteners for joists in clean design a lot of. For example, manufacturers offer ready-made mounting structure, consisting of a metal body, inside of which a pin is already firmly inserted. In this case, the body is attached to the floor with anchors, screws or dowels through 4-6 holes in the base of the device. At the upper end of the stud there may be a nut with a washer or a platform in the form of an angle with perforation.

Such fastenings are very reliable, especially for the lower part in the form of a wide base. It rests tightly on the floor, which increases the stability of the entire structure. In this regard, the hairpin loses. Therefore, you can save a little here by installing such fasteners less frequently along the joist installation line. The market today offers not only metal fastening structures, but also plastic ones. Fortunately, manufacturers provide guarantees on the strength of the product, because in the process of their production they use plastic with high technical characteristics. The advantage of this option is the low price.

Pay attention to the photo below. It just shows such a plastic adjustable mount. It is not fixed to the concrete floor, which means it does not destroy its integrity, which in some situations is a necessary component of repair. Such stands for joists are called overhead. At the same time, the fastener allows you to adjust the height from 1.4 to 8 cm.

Generalizations on the topic

When solving the problem of installing joists on a concrete floor, you need to understand that the main requirement for this process- it's still the same smooth design, located in the same horizontal plane. Therefore, regardless of the fastening methods used, the main thing is to accurately align the beams.

Today, there is a wide variety of possibilities for arranging a concrete foundation in private houses or city apartments. During the work, you can use all kinds of flooring, insulating, and insulating materials; you can level the concrete surface with a self-leveling solution and use a “warm floor” system.

Laying joists on a concrete floor does not lose its relevance. This method of arrangement is especially in demand when constructing private houses, in which the ceiling height allows all the necessary operations to be carried out. One of the advantages of this method is the possibility of using relatively inexpensive insulation materials.

In this article we will talk about how to attach joists to a concrete floor.

About the features of fastening lags

When attaching one or another building material to a concrete base, they can be used various instruments and fasteners. Fastening wooden logs differs in comparative simplicity. The work is carried out in several stages.

Selecting materials and tools

Today, one of the most popular methods of laying joists does not involve attaching them to the floor. With this option, structural rigidity is achieved due to the fact that the joists are fastened together using boards or other material. The method is quite reliable, but there is still a high risk of shifting the floor covering.

Therefore, it is best to use the traditional option, which involves fastening to the base using anchors or self-tapping screws.

Choosing lags

When choosing a log you need to pay attention to the following criteria:

• The type of wood that can play a key role in the strength of the foundation.
• The price of the purchased material. It is best to use inexpensive coniferous wood (fir, pine, spruce) when carrying out this work. In this case, grade 3 wood will also work. The main thing is that the humidity level does not exceed 20%.
• Dimensions of beams in cross section.

Advice!
The choice of section sizes depends on what type of insulation you will lay between the joists.
Moreover, not in last resort Here you should also think about the height of the ceilings.
If the height is small, you should not raise the floors too much, since this way you compress inner space premises.

Choosing tools

To install the logs, you will need tools designed for wood processing and for drilling concrete:

• Hammer.
• Anchors (such fastenings are selected depending on the cross-section of the beam).
• Self-tapping screws 6 mm in diameter, the length of which depends on the size of the beams. They must come complete with polypropylene dowels.
• Some carpentry tools: plane, hacksaw, circular saw, etc.

Many home craftsmen are interested in how to attach joists to a concrete floor. The choice between self-tapping screws with anchor fastenings should be based on the planned financial costs.

The first option is more economical, the second is much more reliable. In practice, in most cases, a dowel fastening is sufficient; in addition, cheap self-tapping screws should be screwed in at much smaller increments.

Main advantage anchors is that they not only fix the position of the beams, but also press them to the base. This is very important if the finished flooring is quite massive and is subject to frequent mechanical stress.

Don't forget about the waterproofing agent. It must be laid on the concrete floor before the logs are installed.

Advice!
Roofing felt or construction polyethylene can be used as waterproofing.

Features of installation

After all materials and tools are prepared, you can proceed directly to installation.

The instructions provide several steps:

1. Laying roofing felt on a concrete floor. The joints between the sheets must be glued using construction tape.
2. Distributing the logs along the base. We lay two of them along opposite walls. The rest should be placed with a certain step, taking into account the rigidity and density of the material laid on top of the logs. Accordingly, the stiffer the material, the smaller step. The average parameters are 40-80 cm.
3. If the length of the room exceeds the length of the beams, then they are laid joint to joint. If high joists are used, or a high load is expected on the floors, it is necessary to make end cuts to connect the elements.
4. Having laid two logs along the walls, we set their height using a level.
5. We stretch the cord between the outer joists, along which the remaining beams should be laid.
6. Drill holes in the block and base.
7. Place an anchor spacer or dowel into the hole in the floor.
8. Screw in bolts or screws. There are two or three anchors per beam. Self-tapping screws are screwed in in increments of 60 to 80 cm.

• If necessary, prepared pieces of timber or boards must be placed under the logs.
• We lay insulation between the joists.
• We install a vapor barrier membrane on top of the insulation.
• The next layer is flooring apartments or houses.

Conclusion

As you can see, installing the floor on joists with your own hands is much easier than it might seem at first glance. It is quite possible to create a solid foundation if you listen to the advice of experts.

After laying the foundation and structure bottom trim there is a need to attach the logs to the timber. How does this happen? Depending on the type of foundation and base, heavy beams can be attached both to the wall and to the first crown of the frame. In the article we will look at the main methods of installing beams, as well as the types of fastening elements that would ensure reliable fixation of heavy logs.

What is a bottom harness?

The house floor frame includes the following important components:

• beam;
• main beams (joists);
• secondary beams.

During the construction of a house, a pile, strip or monolithic foundation. In the case of assembling the first two, it is assumed that the lower frame will be installed from timber, which would serve as the basis for the subfloor beams. The difficulty of installing beams lies in their weight. They can create a large load on the fastening elements, which will lead to deformation of the base.

That is why a special cut is made in the wall or frame beam into which the beam is inserted. Various types of fasteners can be used to secure it. However, in the process of choosing them, it is very important to consider the degree of their strength and durability.

When installing a subfloor in a house, it is very important to choose only high-quality strapping timber. During the operation of the coating, it will be the one that will experience the heaviest load. And if the quality of the wood or fastening is mediocre, the base can easily become deformed. In the process of assembling timber strapping, experts pay attention to the following points:

1. The timber must be precisely calibrated and sized;
2. To eliminate the possibility of wood rotting, the timber must be treated with an antiseptic;
3. When assembling the harness in frame house it is advisable to give preference to logs from coniferous species wood (they are less hygroscopic);
4. The timber frame must be laid clearly horizontally, otherwise some of the parts of the structure will experience a large load during operation;
5. Attach the strapping logs to support pillars possible using clamps, metal brackets, anchors and U-shaped galvanized profiles.

Methods for installing joists in the house

Installing joists in a wooden house opens up a fairly wide range of options for attaching beams to timber. According to the installation method, they can be divided into two types:

• Wall mounting. This method is often used when installing joists on the second floor of a house. The construction of the floor involves laying the beams “in a spacer”. A special cut is made in the wall along the width of the beams, after which they are inserted into the formed grooves and fixed with fasteners. The advantage of this method is that the beam itself lies completely on the beam and does not create a large load on the anchors and brackets with which it is secured. That is why fixing the joists in the wall is optimal when arranging the floor of the second floor of the house;
• Attaching to timber. In this case, the elements can be attached to the first crown of the strapping “end-to-end” using fasteners. In this case, the timber is not sawed, but simply joined to the logs and secured with anchors or horseshoe-shaped profiles. Also, to install the floor of the first and second floors of the house, a cut is made in the beam itself for fastening to the frame. Technically, it is quite difficult to embed logs into the strapping material, but such structures have a long service life.

Design advantages

Why is a subfloor with beams so popular? Despite the fact that the fastening process itself wooden laths for a foundation it is very difficult, it is still in demand. Why? The beam base provides the floor with the following technical advantages:

• Improves heat and sound insulation performance;
• Provides a more uniform distribution of the load on the floor, which ensures a long service life of the subfloor;
• The timber does not contain synthetic substances and therefore can be used for flooring in residential premises;
• When arranging a non-ground floor of a high-rise building for finishing floor base it is more advisable to use wooden elements that do not create a large static load on the interfloor floors;
• Between the frame and the beams you can form air gap which will create optimal conditions for underground ventilation;
• Using a wooden beam, you can not only install a warm floor, but also level it if necessary.

Beam mounting options

When repairing the floor of the first and second floor of a private house, various types of fasteners can be used. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. To assess the feasibility of using each of them, let’s consider the most popular types of fasteners in more detail:

• Perforated brackets. This type of fastener is made of sheet steel coated with anti-corrosion compounds. They may have different design depending on where the beam is fixed. Corner options perforated brackets are L-shaped. They are fixed in the joists using powerful self-tapping screws with a cross-section of at least 3 mm;
• Steel corners. The fasteners securely tighten the timber and beams together, but in the absence of at least some support under the joists they can experience a large load and, as a result, become deformed. You can attach the corner to the frame and beams using anchors or self-tapping screws;
• U-shaped holders. The holders are horseshoe-shaped overhead grooves into which beams are inserted. They are mounted only in the strapping beam, simulating a standard cut, but at the same time do not violate the integrity of the strapping logs;
• I drank it through. This method of attaching lags is one of the most budget-friendly, although labor-intensive. The timber is specially sawed, making cuts along the entire length of the log. A beam is placed in the formed cut and secured either simply with self-tapping screws or with the fasteners that were listed above.

Features of installation of floor joists

An example of connecting bars of locks of the type " dovetail»

When arranging the floor of the first floor of a house, you need to take care not only of high-quality assembly and fastening of the trim, but also of processing the wooden components of the floor base. The work of attaching beams to the first rim of the trim includes the following features:

1. All wooden elements the lathing must be treated with antiseptic agents;
2. If the foundation for the rough foundation has a strip or pile device, it is worth taking care of additional waterproofing of both the floor and building materials;
3. When arranging the floor of the second floor, it is more advisable to make a “dovetail” (cut) under the logs, since this method provides more rigid fastening of logs to the harness;
4. To securely fix the logs in the wall, be sure to use fasteners - “horseshoes”, corners, etc.

The methods of attaching the logs to the timber frame are determined by several factors: the number of storeys of the house, the weight of the beams, the moisture content of the base, and the type of foundation. The most reliable way to secure the logs in the frame is to install them in special grooves (cuts), which take on most of the load created by the weight of the beams.