Mistakes when choosing a flashlight on my example.
I started choosing my lantern on the wrong side. At first I wanted a flashlight instead of the old one that I liked. Instead of old version I coveted a newer one, which has a higher brightness. In addition to the brightness, other differences were revealed, which I did not pay attention to when looking at the flashlight on the Internet.

Shape and type of light spot

So, for example, I liked the spot of light near the old lantern.

a spot of light from a flashlight with a Fresnel lens

It was a blur of soft light that is now rarely seen in a modern lantern. The spot was achieved by installing a Fresnel lens, which in new version the lantern was gone.

Flashlight range

Lantern range options:

Long range and small center spot
- long range and relatively large spot
- short range and large scattering angle
- a flashlight with a dipped and high beam(analogue of car headlights)

As practice has shown, for a long range of luminescence, it is desirable to have a small spot of light. Lanterns of high brightness, but with a large scattering angle, the range is not so great. Good example this effect is a laser pointer.
In my case, I tried two flashlights. Both 1800 lumens. One has a single 1800 lumen LED and is rated for a large spot of light, while the other has two 900 lumens LEDs. Designed for near and high beam(for which different LEDs are responsible).
As a result, a seemingly brighter 1800 lumen flashlight with a single LED crackingly loses to a specialized 900 lumen LED flashlight (the difference is more than 2 times in range - tested in practice).

Lantern size

Size matters. In pursuit of the power of a flashlight, it is easy to forget that, for example, you are choosing a flashlight for constant wear. And if the lantern is oversized, then, as a rule, it will remain at home, no matter how many lumens it has.
Conversely, a small flashlight is more likely to end up in your bag, even if you don't need it frequently.
Small and fairly powerful flashlights are easy to find today. I found lipstick-sized lanterns (chose a gift for women) with over 300 lumens. Here it is worth remembering that my recently purchased Inova T3, a medium-sized flashlight, has a brightness of 264 lumens.

the largest in the picture - Inova T3

Flashlight in the center - LED Lenser M1.
Brightness: 300 lumens
Range: 140m
Nutrition: 1pc CR123

Left: thrunite ti(Cree XP-E R4)
Brightness: 60 lumens
Range: 50m
Moisture protection: IPX8 (!)
Nutrition: one AAA battery or Ni-Mh AAA battery

LED Lenser M1 in black box

By the lantern LED Lenser M1 an interesting feature - it is focusable. Focusing of the "trombone" type, i.e. forward and backward movement of the front. Due to this, it can have both a small spot (unfortunately square in shape) and a large round one with well-defined edges.

left: LED Lenser M1, right: Inova T3 (ver2)

Central bright spot from Inova T3.

A very interesting feature is the ability to focus. Resembles optical attachments used in photography.

By the lantern LED Lenser M1 there were two cons for me:
- it is not waterproof
- for such a "baby" it has a pretty decent price

So I gave it up after hard thinking.

Price LED Lenser M1: 51 USD

Brightness: 360 lumens
Range: 120m
Nutrition: 1pc CR123
Moisture protection: IPX8 (!)

Light spot Fenix ​​PD12

left: Fenix ​​PD12, right: Inova T3

I state that Fenix ​​PD12 in turbo mode is very similar to the light spot on Inova T3 in normal mode.
Color temperature difference: Fenix ​​PD12 gives a "warm" light, and Inova T3- "cold".

Such a great "baby" Fenix ​​PD12... You will hardly take it for serious hikes, but in urban conditions it is very interesting due to its compactness and bright light in the "turbo" mode. An excellent option for a gift to a woman (that's me about mine).

Price Fenix ​​PD12: 37 USD

range of Fenix ​​flashlights

And you can also consider the option of a headlamp. It's easy to use, small, and quite powerful.

headlamp Fenix ​​HL50(CREE XM-L2 T6)

Brightness: 365 lumens
Range: 77m
Moisture protection: IPX8 (!)
Nutrition: 1 x CR123A or 1 x AA

left: Fenix ​​HL50, right: Inova T3

Lantern range Fenix ​​HL50 not very big. The spot is not very focused. But as a wide-beam headlamp, it's a great option. It is compact, bright and waterproof.

When compared with Inova T3 you can observe how the focused spot turns out to be much brighter. But for each task - its own flashlight. Does it make sense to wear a lantern on your head that will shine at 200m and depict a lighthouse? :) So Fenix ​​HL50- a very interesting solution!

Price Fenix ​​HL50: 45 USD

It is not inferior in convenience and Armytec wizard pro(Cree XM-L2 U2)

Armytec wizard pro

Brightness: 1200 lumens
Range: 80m
Moisture protection: IP68 (The product is suitable for prolonged immersion in water to a depth of more than 1m under the conditions specified by the manufacturer)
Nutrition: 1 x 18650

The compactness and brightness of this headlamp is impressive.

Price Armytec wizard pro: 81 USD

headlamp Fenix ​​HP25(2 x Cree XP-E LEDs)

Brightness: 360 lumens
Range: 153m
Moisture protection: IPX6
Nutrition: 4 x AA

This flashlight has a small drawback - the power supply is separate, on the back of your head.

Although, if your goal is light range, then this inconvenience will not be fatal. For example, you are a speleologist! : - ()

Light spot Fenix ​​HP25

left: Fenix ​​HP25, right: Inova T3

Flashlight power supply

The flashlight can be powered by batteries or rechargeable batteries. Or maybe both.
Each model is individual and if it uses batteries, then it is not a fact that it will be able to use a battery.
Some models of flashlights have the ability to extend the handle in order to add additional power sources.

Some flashlights have wearable battery packs. Whether it is convenient for you or not - decide for yourself.

At the end of the article, you will find out what I chose myself :)

Fenix ​​TK22

So, the first to get tested was Fenix ​​TK22.
Brightness: 920 lumens
Range: 275m
Moisture protection: IPX8 (!)
Nutrition:

What's good about Fenix ​​TK22:

High brightness (especially compared to my Inova T3, 264 lumens)
- long range of work
- a fairly serious standard of moisture protection (IPX8 vs IPX4 for Inova)
- provided with battery power (Inova T3 - only batteries)

Preliminary cons Fenix ​​TK22:

Quite a large head of the lantern + the "body" of the lantern itself with ledges. For carrying in a bag or pocket - this is a minus. For direct use, this can be a plus, since gives additional grip to the lantern.

Light spot

left: Fenix ​​TK22, right: Inova T3

Paradoxically, the difference is not visible to the eye (perhaps because Fenix ​​TK22 gives "warm" light, and Inova - "cold"). It even seems that Inova T3 brighter, but the photo was able to see the difference. Halo around the central light spot at Fenix ​​TK22 much wider. There is also a slight difference in the range of the glow (I looked at this separately in the corridor of the shopping center).
Despite the huge difference in brightness, I considered a replacement Inova T3 on Fenix ​​TK22- "sewed on soap" t. To. it is difficult to notice the difference visually. Maybe in a dark forest it would be visible. Especially the side flare. And in the city it is faintly visible.

Of the additional advantages: the belt clip is removable, as well as the "nut". The body is aluminum and quite high quality, although the texture of the body Inova gives better grip on the palm.

Price Fenix ​​TK22: 92 USD

Fenix ​​sd10

Brightness: 930 lumens
Range: 300m
Moisture protection: IPX8 (submersion under water up to 100 meters!)
Nutrition: 1 x 18650 (3.7V) / 2 x CR123A (3V)

Of all the lights that I looked at this time, this is the only true diving flashlight. Here the manufacturer (Fenix) declares the possibility of diving up to 100m.

dive up to 100m

Plus, the flashlight has a colored insert to make it easier to find when dropped in muddy water(it is highly not recommended to drop).

Reflectors at Fenix ​​sd10 and Fenix ​​TK22 completely different. Frosted reflector Fenix ​​TK22 should give a soft light, and a smooth reflector Fenix ​​sd10 should give a greater range of the flashlight. In fact, a special advantage Fenix ​​sd10 judging by the characteristics it is not visible.
O-ring included. These are silicone rings, which are now present on almost all flashlights, including Chinese ones. Allow to compact threaded connection so that water does not flow there. When using such a flashlight, as with any underwater equipment, not only characteristics are important (up to 100m under water), but care of the flashlight is no less important. If you are unscrewing the flashlight (for example, changing the batteries), then before screwing back, be sure to check the thread and O-ring for sand. The sand must be removed. O-Ring - lubricate if possible.
Then he will be impenetrable. Otherwise, any grain of sand can ruin your lantern forever. If salt water flows into it, then the entire electrician will die and will not be subject to restoration.
After leaving the water, the lantern must be soaked in fresh water, like all other diving equipment, to wash away the salt and sand.

However, I talked enough about underwater affairs in the article, so I will not worsen.

Light spot

left: Fenix ​​SD10, right: Inova T3

The picture clearly shows that a more focused spot from Inova T3 looks almost brighter than a light spot from Fenix ​​sd10... That's 930 lumens (Fenix) versus 264 lumens (Inova). Those. in a flashlight, the focus of a spot is sometimes more important than its overall brightness. I will talk more about this below.

Price Fenix ​​sd10: 105 USD

Here we will not ignore the company's products. Eagletac.

The quality of the lanterns turned out to be quite decent to the touch.

I tried first EAGTAC TX25C2(CREE XM-L2 U2).

Brightness: 1180 lumens
Range: 251m
Moisture protection: IPX8
Nutrition: 1 x 18650 (3.7V) / 2 x CR123A (3V)

In terms of the diameter of the head and body, they are very similar to mine Inova T3.
Dimensions: length: 120 mm, head diameter 31.5 mm, body diameter 25 mm.
Inova T3 slightly longer.

The declared high brightness and low range in relation to this brightness. Strange ... Let's see the light spot.

left: EAGTAC TX25C2, right: Inova T3

Light spot EAGTAC TX25C2 small (smaller than Inova's) and focused (smaller diameter of the central spot, almost no halo), so a relatively low range remains unanswered.
Either there is something wrong with the lumens or the range should be higher ... Or something else.
Just in case, I bring appearance reflector.

The whole version is interesting. Small flashlight with high power and range. Designed, apparently, for hiking in an area without trees, given the absence of a secondary halo of low brightness. This is useful, for example, on the Karelian Isthmus and in Karelia, where trees are located far from each other (pine forests) and there are many rocky areas without trees at all. There, just a bright long-range spot is in demand. It should also be convenient to use at sea for signaling.
Cons: inconvenient in a dense forest due to the lack of side illumination.

Price EAGTAC TX25C2: 80 USD

EagleTac MX25L2 Turbo
Brightness: 1585 Lumens
Range: 900m
Power supply: Own battery

EagleTac MX25L2 Turbo

This flashlight pleased with the brightness and range, but upset with the presence of its own battery. Your own battery is always a problem. Models come and go, and it can be difficult to get a battery for an old model.
Therefore, I seriously did not consider it as an option. Yes, and he is big.

Next behind EagleTac MX25L2 Turbo, Fenix ​​TK35UE barely fits into my backpack, where is the place for the lights. Those. EagleTac MX25L2 Turbo- option for a summer residence or for a car. Not to be carried.

Price EagleTac MX25L2 Turbo: 331 USD

Another flashlight manufacturer ...

We have already reviewed their high-brightness headlamp (in the right upper corner in the picture). Now a wearable flashlight, also powerful.

Armytec Barracuda Gold(XM-L2 U2)

Armytec Barracuda Gold

Brightness: 1390 lumens
Range: 520m (700?)
Moisture protection: IP68
Nutrition: 2 x 18650/4 x CR123A

Price Armytec Barracuda Gold: 110 USD

Also, this manufacturer has very small lights that are convenient for attaching to keys.

In the photo he is on the left.
But I didn't really like the quality of its workmanship. I liked the slightly larger Fenix ​​PD12.

Since we have already begun to delve into the direction of "megamonsters", it will not be superfluous to show and Olight SR92(3 * CREE XM-L T6).

Brightness: 1700 lumens
Range: 700m
Moisture protection: IPX8
Nutrition: 6 x 18650, 7.2 V, 6.6 A

It is the same size as EagleTac MX25L2 Turbo.

Second from the left.
It has four LEDs in each of the three reflectors.

right: Inova T3

The brightness of this lantern is kind of crazy. Inova T3 almost invisible against its background. At the same time, in terms of lumens, it is far from the largest number. What's the secret?

Price Olight SR92: 260 USD

Continues the theme of large and bright lanterns Olight X6 Marauder(6 x Cree XM-L).

Brightness: 5000 lumens
Range: 640m
Moisture protection: IPX6 (resistant to powerful water jets for 3 minutes)
Nutrition: 5200 mAh lithium battery pack

Supplied in its own suitcase.

Olight X6 Marauder

The lantern was hidden on the highest shelf, apparently in order to avoid traumatizing the psyche of the fan of lanterns by the amount of lumens.
By the way, despite such a high brightness, its price is very humane (one could expect a higher price, but, of course, it is not cheap).

Despite its specific name, the lantern is not intended for looters at all, but for search work. If you had to do this (or something similar), then you will appreciate such a powerful flashlight and your own batteries in a separate unit will not be a hindrance.

"Finger" lantern thrunite ti(20 usd) was rejected because his construct reminded of the caring Chinese craftsmen. Although the size is very convenient and the price is low.
Focusing lantern Led Lenser m1 was very interesting to me as a photographer, but whether there is any practical benefit in this - I do not know. But with moisture protection, he is bad. Constructive of average quality. I also didn't like the square-shaped light spot when focusing. And the price for such a kid.
Of the small lanterns, in this case, only Fenix ​​PD12 which satisfied me with almost everything. Decent constructive - it's nice to hold. Bright - 300 lumens in turbo mode. Waterproof - IPX8.
Was purchased for 2000 rubles (37 USD).
Will be presented for the New Year.

I looked after myself as an alternative to the new Inova T3... I did not really like the innovation in the form of side illumination, and now there are more brightness interesting options... Moreover, I have already ordered the "old" Inova T3 with a Fresnel lens (coming from the USA) and I'm going to calm down in terms of nostalgia.

An alternative was found in the form Fenix ​​TK35UE

Fenix ​​TK35UE (LED: CREE MT-G2)
Brightness: 1800 Lumens
Range: 242m
Waterproof: IPX8 (!)
Power supply: 2 x 18650 (3.7V) / 4 x CR123A (3V)

Pros:
- Very comfortable to grip,
- 1800 lumens,
- waterproof to IPX8
- Works on both rechargeable batteries and batteries (Inova is battery only)
- decent range of glow
- fits into my backpack in the special department

By the way, he often flickers on my photos because immediately liked the ergonomics.

Fenix ​​TK51

But greed for lumens drove me to take one last look at the shelf with lanterns. And there I found hiding from me so far Fenix ​​Tk51.

Fenix ​​TK51(2 x Cree XM-L2 U2)
Brightness: 1800 Lumens
Range: 425m
Waterproof: IPX8 (!)
Power supply: 3 x 18650 (3.7V)

True, he had no more lumens, but his appearance evoked respect. Plus they showed me this movie.

But the main arguments were two things:

I went outside and compared the range of the glow Fenix ​​TK51 and Fenix ​​TK35UE. Fenix ​​TK51 shines about 2 times further.
- Separate control of the central spot and "side illumination" (spill). Those. you can generally use one or a combination of them. Very comfortably.

On this I calm down with flashlights :) (the Chinese gift will also arrive and I will add it here to the review)

And I wish you bright nights and reliable equipment! :)

Battery-powered LED lights provide a fairly high light intensity. And the compact size allows you to take such devices with you on the road: on vacation, fishing, etc. In addition, the shock-resistant housing of most models provides protection against mechanical damage.

What are they for?

The self-powered LED torch is used for a variety of tasks. Such devices cannot be called universal, precisely because today the market offers a wide range of performances in a narrow direction.

Certain models are used for search operations, others are used in the fire department, police. A separate type of devices was created for hiking, fishing, as well as for climbing climbers.

They represent a group of mobile technology. Considering that most models are used in difficult conditions, the design provides for shock and vibration resistant housing. Depending on the intensity luminous flux these devices can be used as the main and additional source of light for local illumination.

Existing species

Since the popularity of LED products is rapidly increasing, the range of different types of models is also expanding. The LED flashlight is available in two different designs:

• forehead;
• manual type.

From the names of both options, one can tell about the purpose of the devices, for example, the headlights are equipped with a special mount so that you can free your hands by installing a rechargeable flashlight on your head. The second type is comfortable to hold in the hand.

Varieties of flashlights

In addition, there are different types, which differ in the type of power source:

• on batteries, which will have to be changed regularly;
• equipped with a battery.

The last of the named options assumes the need to use a charger, which means the uselessness of such a flashlight in a hike / fishing / hunting due to the lack of a voltage source.

But if the device is used every day, then it is economically more expedient to purchase a rechargeable light source.

Self-powered flashlights are also subdivided into groups in accordance with different intended purposes, which is largely due to the design features:

1. Household execution. They are compact, have a medium glow intensity, and for greater convenience are usually equipped with a hand cord. Household LED flashlights are used irregularly, most often they are purchased for operation in conditions of a power outage at home or in an apartment, as well as in case of unscheduled repair work.
2. Search lights. First of all, they are distinguished by their high work efficiency. The glowing range of some models reaches 450 m. In addition, the design provides for a fairly spacious battery compartment. Number of light emitting diodes - 3 pcs. Another advantage is that you can change the angle of illumination, and for convenience, there are several modes of operation.
3. Tourist performances. They include three types of light sources at once: head-on, hand-held and stationary. The last of the named options is more often used in camping, it is convenient to put it on a table or hang it, for which a handle is provided for by the design.
4. Fire performances. They are distinguished by high intensity of luminescence, compactness, shockproof and explosion-proof housing.
5. Police battery light sources are characterized by a long handle and are called "baton flashlights".

Each of the types is represented by a large number of versions, which allows you to choose a light source to suit your requirements.

How to make a choice

The first criterion in terms of importance is the type of device. It is necessary to select a lamp based on how regularly it will be used and in what conditions. Further, it is important to determine the power of the luminous flux. This parameter must correspond to the intended area of ​​illumination in order to provide the desired level of visibility.

Rechargeable flashlights often work in different modes. The simplest household designs do not imply changes in the functioning parameters. The type of power source is determined, again, based on how often the flashlight will turn on.

Another criterion is the degree of protection of the case, which will protect the device from mechanical damage from shock and falling, as well as from dust and moisture, if necessary.

Armytek Dobermann models

Additionally, you should pay attention to the quality of the product. One of the options is the Armytek Dobermann Pro rechargeable flashlight. Its price is very high (3,600 rubles), but it is a professional performance that works effectively at a distance of up to 450 m. It is possible to change the operating modes: from the maximum illumination intensity to the minimum level.

Another, much more affordable option- Cree Led 2916 8000 W, offered at a price of 1,000 rubles. It is a pocket torch with high strength characteristics and is equipped with a rechargeable battery. This model is also distinguished by its resistance to moisture. It is possible to change the lighting settings.

Hobby flashlight- used in Everyday life... In terms of light power and protection from adverse influences, it is inferior to professional models, but it wins in price.

Professional flashlight- created for special tasks, characterized by high luminous power, moisture, dust, shock protection, a large number operating modes. It is used by security guards, rescuers, divers, military personnel, sailors and other professionals. A professional model is much more expensive than an amateur one.

Type of

Flashlight- occurs most often, represented by several types:

• manual compact- the optimal balance between functionality and small size, sufficient for daily household needs;
• manual full-size- compares favorably with the previous version with a higher luminous flux power and wide functionality;
• tactical- mounted on a weapon and used as a target designator, and also blinds the enemy; characterized by high power.

Tourist flashlights, which are used by outdoor enthusiasts, also belong to the hand-held flashlights. Such a lantern is made in two types:

• portable- at the flashlight, the light beam is directed perpendicular to the body, and the device itself is equipped with a hook (suspended from clothing, freeing hands);
• camping (lantern-lamp)- used for circular lighting of camping, tents, construction sites and similar objects. Specific traits: diffused light and wide beam.

Important: When choosing a camping flashlight, make sure it has enough power and time autonomous work based on the terms of use.

Head Torch- unlike a hand-held analogue, it is put on the head with an elastic band or a strap. As a result, hands are freed, and the light beam is always directed towards the person's gaze. It has a limited luminous flux and its capabilities are comparable to a compact hand-held flashlight.

The headlamp is used by miners, cavers, stalkers, and also useful for cyclists.

Important: To work with objects that are close to the user, it is worth purchasing a headlamp with brightness control. This will reduce eye fatigue.

Underwater flashlight (for diving)- it is used for work under water when examining the sea or river bottom. It features bright colors (makes it easier to find a fallen flashlight underwater), high luminous flux and a waterproof case. Recommended for divers, connoisseurs of video and video filming, underwater hunters.

Important: This diving torch is designed with a cooling system for underwater operation. For this reason, it is undesirable to turn on the lamp outside the water at maximum power - it can overheat.

Keychain flashlight- the most compact model, which will always be at hand (keychain with keys). It has too little luminous flux, which is sufficient only for simple tasks such as lighting a keyhole. The keychain flashlight is designed for one operating mode, does not have focusing and light filters.

Flashlight-shocker- combines a lamp and a stun gun. It features a long, heavy and durable body that can act as a baton. The downside is the high cost. The optimal solution for self-defense.

On sale there is also such a type of flashlight as manual lamp... It is a powerful stationary model with large dimensions and weight that can be carried. Such a device often has special devices for setting lighting (swivel heads, adjustable stands).

Design

The hand torch consists of head, central("Body") and tail parts (cover). A light source, a reflector and other elements, such as buttons, are installed in the head part. The central part is reserved for batteries or accumulator, and buttons can be located in the tail part.

When examining a hand-held flashlight, you should pay attention to the following design details:

• head part- replaceable, equipped with light filters and nozzles (multifunctional solution);
• central part - rubberized or grooved (the flashlight will not slip out of wet hands or gloves);
• tail section- with flat stops (makes it possible to install the flashlight in a vertical position).

The headlamp is performed in united housing (low power models) or has a spaced-out design consisting of two separate parts- lighting unit (light source, reflector) and power source (rechargeable battery, batteries), fastened to the belt. The two housings are connected to each other with a special wire. This design allows you to increase the power of the headlamp.

The design of a diving flashlight is determined by its power: compact and relatively low-power hand flashlights, heavy and powerful models, consisting of two bodies (flashlight + power source).

Light source

Incandescent lamp- has low efficiency (energy turns into heat), does not last long, does not tolerate mechanical stress and consumes a lot of electricity. These disadvantages are more significant than individual advantages: comparatively low price, simplicity of design, the color of the glow familiar to the human eye. In modern flashlights, the incandescent lamp is less and less common.

Varieties of incandescent lamps.

• Krypton lamp- outperforms the classical counterpart in compactness and low cost. Budget models are equipped with a similar light source.
• Xenon lamp- similar in characteristics to the previous version. Features: relatively high cost and whiter color.
• Halogen lamp - differs in greater brightness of a luminescence and a long service life. The disadvantage is the high price. These lamps can be found in some hand-held flashlights.

Light-emitting diode (LED)- characterized by high efficiency, resistance to mechanical stress and low temperature, long service life and economical energy consumption. The design of the LED makes it possible to expand the functionality of the luminaire (quick turn-on, several operating modes). LED is used in the vast majority of flashlights.

Cons of LEDs: high price, uneven luminous flux, complex construction, "Cold" color glow, unusual for sight and distorting the perception of the real color of the object.

Fluorescent Lamp- in terms of efficiency and durability, they occupy an average position between an incandescent lamp and LEDs. In addition, such lamps are toxic and not sufficiently resistant to mechanical stress. They are rarely used in flashlights.

Laser- features a powerful light beam. Such a flashlight provides a long range of illumination, but at the same time the luminous flux is very narrow. The laser model is good as a target designator (for hunting).

Important: The laser light may cause permanent damage to eyesight if handled roughly.

Specifications

Optical system- concentrates light radiation in one direction. V budget options Such a system is often absent, but more expensive models are equipped with a reflector (reflector), which concentrates the light beam in the required direction.

Reflectors are classified into two groups:

• smooth- form a long and narrow luminous flux with a very high brightness in the center ( optimal solution for hunters, tourists);
• textured (crumpled)- Provides uniform flood light covering large area near the user ( right choice for household use).

The number of diodes in the flashlight- directly determines the power and uniformity of the light flux of the flashlight. In hand-held models and keychain flashlights, 1 LED is installed, but in more powerful models, the number of LEDs is 2-5 pieces.

Models with a large number of diodes are more powerful and more durable, as they continue to work if one or more LEDs fail. In addition, multiple diodes provide an even luminous flux. With an increase in the number of diodes, the price and dimensions of the luminaire increase, as well as the energy consumption. At the same time, even one LED gives a brightness sufficient for domestic needs.

Maximum luminous flux (luminous power)- measured in lumens (lm). This value means the maximum brightness that the luminaire gives out. The higher the luminous flux, the brighter the glow and the higher the illumination range. True, an increase in light power leads to an increase in energy consumption and a reduction in the operating time of the flashlight.

In addition to the maximum luminous power, the minimum luminous flux is also indicated. These values ​​form a range within which the brightness of the device is regulated, for example, 70-275 lm; 10-350 lm and so on.

The light output depends on the type of flashlight:

• keychain flashlights, compact lamps - 10-20 lumens;
• tourist flashlights, some headlamps - 30-100 lumens (some models for the forehead - 200 lumens and above);
• powerful tourist lights, tactical flashlights, diving models - 100-300 lumens;
• heavy duty lights - 500 lumens and above.

For domestic needs, flashlights with a light power of 30-100 lumens are enough.

Number of brightness modes- the more modes, the more accurately you can adjust the brightness of the flashlight under specific situation(Reducing brightness saves battery or accumulator charge). Most luminaires have one brightness level.

Brightness modes:

• ultra-low(up to 3 lm) - for reading the program in the theater;
• short(3-15 lm) - for keyhole illumination, lighting small area in a dark entrance;
• average(15-50 lm) - to find a road in the dark, this mode is used most often;
• high(50-150 lm) - for orientation in the forest at night;
• ultrahigh(150 lm and above) - for working under water, illumination of distant objects and similar special tasks.

Other operating modes - expand the capabilities of the flashlight. The most common modes are:

• blinking(1 flash every 1-3 seconds) - used as a signal for orientation on the ground;
• stroboscope(several flashes per second) - it is used to give a conditional signal, provides visibility of a person to other participants in the movement at dusk, tracking moving objects, protection from animals;
• SOS(3 short - 3 long - 3 short flashes) - classic international signal disasters.

These modes will come in handy for lovers of an active lifestyle, as they will help save life in an extreme situation.

Lighting range- allows you to assess the capabilities of the flashlight in relation to the conditions of its operation. This characteristic is influenced by the light output and the design of the device.

Manufacturers can indicate the ratio of the illumination distance to the selected brightness mode as proportions: 200 m / 70 lm, 283 m / 138 lm; 400 m / 275 lm; 63 m / 10 lm, 329 m / 160 lm, 490 m / 350 lm and so on.

Luminaires with a narrow beam provide a greater illumination range than counterparts that diffuse light.

Maximum run time- the larger this parameter, the longer the lamp can be used without changing the battery / without recharging the battery. At the same time, such models increase in price, weight and dimensions. Many flashlights designed for long battery life have little power.

Manufacturers often associate the maximum time with the selected brightness modes: 7 h 30 min / 70 lm, 4 h / 138 lm, 2 h / 275 lm; 50 h / 10 lm, 4 h / 160 lm, 2 h / 350 lm and so on.

"Long-playing" flashlights will be needed by specialists who have been in "wild" conditions for a long time (tourists, military men, researchers). For most users, a luminaire for 10 hours is sufficient. This time is enough even for country trips.

Important: the maximum operating time is specified by the manufacturers based on "ideal" conditions (suitable temperature, energy savings, no additional modes). In practice, this “ideal” characteristic will be adjusted downward.

Nutrition

Batteries- unlike the model with a battery, it does not depend on the power grid, which significantly increases the battery life of the flashlight far from urban conditions. You can always take several sets of batteries with you. The downside is the cost of periodically replacing the batteries.

A battery-powered flashlight is good for infrequent use (infrequent trips out of town).

Important: among the variety of battery-powered luminaires, it is better to give preference to models designed for AA and AAA - the most common batteries. Other batteries are less readily available. For camping lanterns the best solution there will be batteries C and D.

Battery (accumulator)- more economical, no need to buy and change batteries. Unlike a battery, the battery cannot be quickly replaced, which means that a discharged lamp in “wild” conditions will become useless. In this case, charging the battery takes a long time.

A flashlight on a battery is useful for tourists and workers who need it for service (watchman, technologist). But for people who use the lamp from time to time, this is not the best way as long interruptions in operation negatively affect the battery.

You can purchase a universal version - a flashlight with a battery, which also works on batteries. This solution is distinguished by the greatest autonomy and duration of operation: main mode (battery), additional mode (batteries).

Most often there are two types of batteries.

• NiMH- despite its relatively small capacity, it is still widespread. Standard size - AA and AAA (finger).
• Li-Ion- in terms of capacity, it is several times higher than NiMH (with the same weight). Such a battery is highly reliable. The downside is the higher cost. Standard size - 18650.

The more powerful the flashlight, the more batteries it will need to work (the number varies within 1-4 pieces).

Important: NiMH batteries are not always compatible with flashlights designed for batteries of the same size. At a lower supply voltage, the driver (flashlight electronics) will not start working, and at a higher voltage, it will break. Working voltage AA and AAA, C and D batteries - 1.5 V, while NiMH batteries of similar form factors - 1.2 V.

Flashlight battery charging method:

• 220V- from a household power supply;
• 12V- from a cigarette lighter in a car (suitable for flashlights);
• from USB port- from a computer, laptop, tablet and other equipment with such a connector (including USB adapters to the mains);
• Dynamo machine- a hand-held generator that generates energy due to human muscle strength (an excellent option for tourists, rescuers, scientists and other people working in "wild" conditions);
• solar battery - generates electricity from solar energy. The battery is recharged in sunny weather and twilight, as well as when artificial light sources are operating. As in the previous case, this charging method is useful for people far from civilization.

Additionally

Frame- is made of two materials:

• plastic- lightweight and comfortable for the hand, but not strong enough, the optimal solution for head-mounted models and tourist flashlights;
• metal (aluminum alloys) - durable and heavy, but at low temperatures it unpleasantly chills the hand.

Of the metal cases, a separate group is distinguished titanium- comparatively light and comfortable for the hand, but just as durable. True, a lamp with a titanium body will cost more than models made of other metals, not to mention plastic counterparts.

Protection against moisture and dust of the case- ensures the resistance of the flashlight to adverse external factors... The protection class is marked as follows: IPXX (the first number means the level of protection against dust, the second - against moisture). The larger the index, the higher the protection.

Diving models have the most high level protection- IP68 (dustproof, from prolonged immersion in water for more than 30 minutes at a depth of more than 1 m). Models with a high protection class are more expensive, so you should buy them only if necessary.

The most common classes of protection against water are:

• IPX4- protection against splashes from any direction;
• IPX5- protection against jets from any direction;
• IPX6- protection from sea waves or strong water jets;
• IPX7- short-term immersion to a depth of 1 m is allowed;
• IPX8- long-term work at a depth of over 1 m is allowed.

Protection against aggressive liquids- resistance to impact chemical substances(fuel, oil) that can damage the surface of the flashlight.

Impact protection- resistance to mechanical stress is useful in extreme conditions... Manufacturers usually indicate that the model can withstand a drop to concrete from a height of 1; 2 or 3 m.

Length and weight- a compact and lightweight lantern will always be at hand, but the clearance lamp is taken only under specific tasks... At the same time, small size and weight always contradict the light output and versatility of the flashlight. Find a reasonable compromise between compactness, light output and device capabilities.

The length and weight of some luminaires:

• manual compact - up to 20 cm, up to 200 g;
• manual full-size - over 20 cm, over 200 g;
• forehead - 70-100 g;
• keychain flashlight - up to 10 cm, up to 50 g.

For comfortable carrying in a bag, you should choose a flashlight up to 15 cm in size. Those who can sacrifice compactness for the sake of power should take a closer look at models from 20 cm. In particular, a long flashlight is useful for a watchman for self-defense.

Most models weigh in the range of 50-300 g, which does not tire the hand. But the weight of the more powerful models increases to 500 g or more. This indicator is especially important for head-mounted devices, as they load the neck (it is recommended to choose models that do not exceed 70-100 g).

Functions

Brightness control- there are two ways of regulation: step and smooth. The second method is preferable, since it makes it possible to more accurately select the optimal mode.

Focus adjustment- allows you to choose the desired solution from two opposite options (or something in between): a narrow light beam with a long illumination range, but with a small coverage of the space, or a wide (diffused) light beam that illuminates a significant area, but close to the user.

Charge indication- in some models, an LCD screen is provided that accurately displays the data, in other luminaires, manufacturers are limited to an LED, which changes its color based on the battery charge level.

Luminous flux stabilization- provides a constant level of brightness of the luminous flux throughout the entire period of use of the flashlight. An extremely useful feature.

Quick turn on- is done by lightly pressing a button, which is then either released (the flashlight turns off) or pushed to the end (the lamp continues to work). This button is good for giving arbitrary signals (Morse code).

Equipment

Nozzles (diffusers, light filters)- expand the capabilities of the flashlight and allow you to change the direction or color of the luminous flux. Diffusers produce diffused light (good for lighting a tent), and light filters turn white into red, blue or green (useful for hunting).

Strap- to fix the lamp on the hand when unclenching the fingers. Sometimes a strap is used to carry a bulky lamp on your shoulder.

Clip- to attach the flashlight to clothing.

Hook- performs a similar function as the clip, but is found mainly in tourist and camping models. With the help of a hook, a tourist flashlight is suspended from clothes or a backpack, and a camping flashlight is suspended from a rope or a tree branch.

Fastening device(for tactical flashlights) - for installation on a unified bar.

Wire rope(for tactical flashlights) - to turn on the lamp at a distance.

Memory- to charge the flashlight battery.

Case- protects the flashlight from adverse effects during storage and transportation. Above all, it protects against dirt and also protects against minor impacts.

• Buy a flashlight in specialized stores, pay attention to the products of well-known brands.
• Inspect the flashlight for damage and check that it is working properly.
• You should not choose a lamp with complex system management.
• If you are planning a hike on "difficult" terrain, in addition to the main flashlight, it is worth taking a spare lamp (at least less powerful). This will allow you to feel more confident in the forest, cave, tunnel, even if the main lamp fails.
• Read the terms and conditions of the warranty. Manufacturers of quality products provide a 5-year warranty.

V modern world, due to an oversupply of goods on the market, people very often have a choice problem. This article describes the main criteria and main features, thanks to which anyone, even the most inexperienced person, can easily navigate and choose the right led flashlight.

Which is better: incandescent lamp or LED?

Consider all the advantages of an LED lamp over an incandescent lamp.

• At first, the lamp is very fragile and breaks easily, a the LED is strong enough to break it you will have to apply knowledge and effort. A light bulb emits light through a spiral, no less fragile than the glass in which it is framed. The LED, on the other hand, gives light with the help of a semiconductor, on which a light-emitting paint is sprayed - a phosphor, which is reliably protected from above by a silicone or glass lens.
• Secondly, LED flashlight has very big Benefits by its properties efficiency... This is manifested in the fact that for one watt of power consumption, the LED is ready to give out efficiency from 130 and more lumens... For comparison, an ordinary incandescent light bulb for the same 1 Watt gives out a maximum of 30 lumens, and given value is as finite as possible. It is because of the described advantage that the service life of an LED flashlight is much longer than that of a lamp one, even if the work comes from the same batteries.
• Thirdly, LED lifespan equals approximately 50,000 hours with continuous operation, the life for a conventional incandescent lamp is approximately 5,000 hours, and this time is not an indicator, it is just the maximum service time. In addition to what has already been said, it is worth adding that the operating time of the LED does not decrease even with very frequent switching on and off. And by the way, unlike an incandescent lamp, LEDs can have flashing signals such as SOS, strobe, and so on. A very big advantage of an LED flashlight is that it can be quite small.
• Easy focusing LED flashlight, makes it even more versatile. In fact, you don't need to focus anything yourself, everything is ready. Why? Because it is easy and natural to control the brightness of the LED using the supply current. It's simple: the current is higher, brighter light... The only feature that must be taken into account is that each model has its own, specific parameter according to the maximum permissible supply current. When the specified current parameters are exceeded, as a rule, the LED overheats, which dramatically reduces the service time and reduces the efficiency.

Flashlights marking

The unit for measuring the luminous flux is called lumen... In order to understand what power is equal to one lumen, you do not need to go into the deep bowels of physical knowledge. It is enough to know that by its nature one lumen is equal to the emission of the light of one wax candle. The only difference is. What given light is not scattered on the sides, but is assembled into a beam of a certain size and shape. People who do lampwork or sales mainly use two concepts that are inherent in lumens:

1. Lamp or diode lumens - bulb lumen... These include lumens with a luminous flux that comes out of a light bulb or diode without accounting for any optical loss.
2. Lamp lumens or lumen torch... A designation in which the loss at the exit from a reflector, lens or glass is already included.

Any of these values ​​of the luminous flux of produced lamps may be indicated directly on the product by different manufacturers. It is more convenient to specify bulb for some, and torch for the second. There are a few Chinese flashlight manufacturers, produce brands like Aurora or Ultrafire, which generally prefer to indicate the maximum permissible and available luminous flux for a particular model. Wherein the real indicators of the luminous flux of the lantern are overestimated and, accordingly, are distorted by about two to three times.

Is it possible to somehow more reliably compare the parameters of the flashlight? Yes! It is easy to do this according to the adopted on August 18, 2009 ANSI / NEMA FL-1... This standard contains the following indicators: the operating time of LED lamps, the range of light of the lamps, the luminous flux emitted by the lamp, water resistance, impact resistance and, of course, the peak intensity of the luminous flux. To date, the following manufacturers are actively working with the adopted standard: Surefire, Maglite, Petzl, Princeton Tec, Energizer, FenixLight, Streamlight, Duracell, Black Dimond and others.

Many buyers are interested in the origin type designation - IPX-8 on the lamp... Everything is simple enough.

• In this case IP- denotes an international standard for the protection of equipment against exposure to it environment.
• Immediately after the IP, usually goes number, v this example "X" which can tell us about the complete protection of the LED flashlight from dust penetration into it.
• Number "8", in this case guarantees an excellent moisture protection even with full immersion lantern into the water at a depth of more than one meter. Also, some manufacturers take on additional responsibility by additionally specifying the maximum permissible duration and depth of immersion.

Anodizing the case

Also, the flashlight may have an additional, very good option, which is called anodizing. This is a kind, decorative and at the same time protective covering a metal case, which protects and protects the body of the lantern from oxidation processes, does not allow the passage of electric current and, to a heap, makes the appearance more presentable. The anodized case is also quite resistant to external rubbing, but it is insanely scary to hit against any more or less hard surfaces... As a consequence of the blow, firstly, a chip is formed on the body, and secondly, the inner, very soft part of the body is punched out.
Anodizing is of two types: III and II degree. Moreover, the thickness and strength of anodizing depends directly on the height of the degree. This option is applied using electrochemistry. The part, which is the body of the lantern, is immersed in an acid solution for a certain time and passed through it. electricity... The color of anodizing depends on the additional dyes used, the thickness and hardness depend on the density of the electric current passed through the part and the temperature of the special acid solution. Anodizing can be applied to the housings of both titanium and aluminum lanterns.

Lantern glass and optics

Now let's look at such a detail as the glass of the lantern. For some it is smooth, while for others it is lenticular. This factor directly depends on what kind of flashlight: lens or reflex. A reflective bowl, in the center of which a light bulb or LED is located, is called a reflex bowl. It, by means of refractions, collects the light emanating from the source into a beam of a given shape. Such beams usually appear as a bright spot in the center and a more diffuse, less bright highlight area on the side. This optical system is protected from water droplets by means of glass with a rubber ring and a gasket.

Of course lenses or their entire systems... They also collect light rays into a beam by refraction, but in this case, the beam can have absolutely different shapes eg a uniform circle with no bright spot in the center, or a thin laser beam that does not have side illumination.

Focusing lens flashlight can be different, that is, change. For example, with the help of the same flashlight, it is possible to perfectly illuminate objects in the distance or to illuminate a space nearby with a uniform and convenient layer. The only drawback of flashlights that can change focus is, as a rule, not very good sealing. It is forbidden to immerse such lights in water, because the liquid will seep inside and disrupt the operation of the electronics.

How to choose a reflector for a lantern? Smooth reflector (smooth - English), the most rational use for long-distance work. Its luminous qualities are characterized as a bright spot of light, striking at long distances and a sharp transition to an area of ​​rather weak side illumination.
When choosing a long-range flashlight you should pay attention to the diameter of the reflector, on which the focusing will depend. The larger the reflector, the more focusing. You should not buy a flashlight with a reflector diameter of 1 centimeter and expect some great miracles of range from it, this will not happen.
If you need a flashlight with a smoother sharp transition of the central spot to the backlight area on the side, you should purchase a crumpled reflector, or in English - an orange peel. This flashlight is easy to use when you need it good to illuminate a short distance... The light spot of such a luminary does not have a bright center, but it is impressively large.

Emitted light spectrum

LEDs come in different color temperatures, warm or cold and have shades from warm slightly yellow, like an ordinary incandescent light bulb familiar to people, to a bluish, cold shade. The choice is yours. Everything directly depends on the tasks and goals that you set when buying a flashlight, and, of course, on the individual perception of a particular color.
For example, for summer, warm weather, it is best to choose warm color LED that will be easily used on outdoors and will not make the paint of green grass gray.
Cool colors LEDs seem to be the brightest, but, at the same time, they have not very good color rendering, in comparison with warm shades... By the way, colder shades of reds and yellows have the worst color rendition. Cold shades can and should be used in winter period or indoors. It is in such situations that they are not so important, do not distort the color of objects and look bright. By the way, if the flashlight is used in some kind of professional actions, in which you need to see all the smallest details, shades of color or objects, LEDs may not be suitable in principle.

Comparison of xenon lamps with LEDs

Of course. Many buyers want to make some kind of comparison that will put a lot of things in their place. In this article, we will compare xenon and LED. Xenon lamps, or as they are also called HID (from the English Hight Intensity Discharge), are very similar to incandescent lamps. Their only difference is that they emit light not by means of a filament, but by means of high-voltage electrical discharges enclosed inside a glass bulb.
Like incandescent lamps high efficiency discharge lamps have such disadvantages as not a long service life, fragility, big sizes rather than an LED. There is also a rather high cost, lack of lamp brightness control and a certain exactingness to the power source. For full-fledged operation, xenon is extremely necessary: a special starter and battery ballast, which will give it a fairly large electrical charge.
Among the merits are ranked: excellent color rendering, very high efficiency, rather powerful light sources with different focusing. The latter, as you know, is not yet available at all. LED lamps and lanterns.

Battery or rechargeable flashlight?

Which is more profitable to use: batteries or accumulators ?! In cases where you use a flashlight every day or every weekend, of course, batteries with a charger will be the most relevant, they will pay for themselves very quickly. Batteries will come in handy if the flashlight is lying for weeks or during a long hike, when there is nowhere to charge the batteries.

08.11.2013

1. Why LED better lamp incandescent?

The LED has several advantages over an incandescent lamp:
- it is not as easy to break as a lamp. In the lamp, light is emitted by a fragile spiral, which is enclosed in an equally fragile glass bulb. The LED, on the other hand, shines with a small area of ​​a semiconductor on which a phosphor is applied - light-emitting paint. All of this is protected by a glass or silicone lens.
- it is more efficient than a lamp. The efficiency of modern high-power LEDs reaches 130 or more lumens per 1 Watt of power consumption. For comparison, the efficiency of incandescent lamps does not reach 30 lm / W. Due to this advantage, the LED flashlight will shine longer than the lamp from the same batteries.
- life time. For LEDs, it is usually at least 50,000 hours of continuous operation. For a lamp, 5000 hours is very good indicator... In addition, the lifespan of the LED is not reduced even with very frequent switching on and off. LED lights can have strobe, SOS and similar flashing signals, which are lacking lamp.
- sizes. LED flashlights can be very small.
- ease of focusing. LED light is distributed much more evenly than lamp light. The stain is smoother.
- allow you to adjust the brightness in wide range... The brightness of the LED is controlled by the supply current. The higher the current, the higher the brightness. Each diode model has its own maximum allowable supply current. When this current is exceeded, the LED overheats, the service life is sharply reduced, and the efficiency decreases.

2. What is Lumen?
Lumen is a unit of measure for light output. Without going into the essence of physical definitions, one lumen can be characterized as the light emitted from one wax candle, but not spreading in all directions, but collected in a beam a certain form.
In the lantern world, there are two well-established concepts associated with lumens.
Bulb lumen or lamp / diode lumens. This is the luminous flux coming directly from the lamp or diode without taking into account the losses in the optics.
Torch lumen or lamp lumens. The luminous flux at the exit from the lantern already includes losses on the reflector, glass or lens.
Different manufacturers can use different ways indicating the luminous flux of their lanterns. Some indicate bulb lumens, others - torch, manufacturers of cheap Chinese flashlights such as Ultrafire, Aurora, etc. generally indicate the maximum luminous flux values ​​available for a specific LED model, while overestimating the real luminous flux of the lantern by a factor of two or more.
On August 18, 2009, the ANSI / NEMA FL-1 standard was adopted, allowing more reliable comparison of the parameters of lamps. The standard includes the following indicators: emitted luminous flux, operating time, peak light intensity, light range, shock resistance and water resistance.
The standard is currently used by manufacturers such as Maglite, Princeton Tec, Surefire, Petzl, Energizer, Streamlight, Black Diamond, Duracell, FenixLight and others.

3.What is IPX-8?
IP - international standards protection of equipment from environmental influences.
The first number, in the place of which there is an "X", denotes the complete protection of the flashlight from dust penetration.
The second, "8", guarantees moisture resistance when the flashlight is completely immersed in water to a depth of more than 1 meter. The maximum permissible duration and depth of immersion can be additionally specified by the manufacturer. You can read more in our article.

4. What is anodizing?

Anodizing - protective and / or decorative coating metal. Protects the body of the lantern from oxidation, does not conduct electric current, improves its appearance.
The anodized body of the flashlight is abrasion resistant, but resists impacts on hard surfaces. On impact, the inner, relatively soft part of the body is punched out and a chip is formed.
There are two types in lanterns: grade II and III. The higher the degree, the thicker and stronger the anodizing.
Anodizing is applied electrochemically. The part is immersed in an acid solution and an electric current is passed through it. The thickness, hardness and color of anodizing depend on the temperature of the solution, the current density and additionally used dyes.
It is used for both aluminum and titanium lanterns.

5. Why do some lights have smooth glass and some have a lens?
Lanterns can be reflex or lens.
A reflector is a reflective bowl with an LED or lamp in the center. It collects light from a source into a beam of a certain shape. Typically, the beam formed by the reflector looks like a bright central spot and a less bright area of ​​side illumination. This optical system is protected from water and dust by flat glass with a rubber gasket.
A lens or an entire lens system also collects light into a beam. When using lenses, the beam can have a wide variety of shapes. From a uniform circle without a central bright spot to a narrow, almost laser beam without any side illumination at all.
The focusing of a flashlight with a lens can be variable, that is, the same flashlight in different positions of the lens can shine well into the distance and evenly and conveniently illuminate near.
The disadvantage of some variable focus flashlights is poor sealing. When immersed in water, liquid seeps in, disrupting the electronics.

6. Reflector. Smooth or wrinkled to choose?
A smooth reflector (in English terminology - smooth) is used in long-range flashlights. The spot of light has a bright central spot and a sharp transition to the region of weak side illumination. At the same time, for a real long-range flashlight, the diameter of the reflector is no less important. The larger it is, the better the focusing. You shouldn't expect miracles of range from a flashlight with a smooth reflector 1 cm in diameter ...
The crumpled (Orange Peel) reflector has a rough structure, which smooths out the sharp transition from the central spot to the side illumination area. It is convenient to use such a flashlight at short distances. The light spot is obtained with a less bright center, but large.

7.Which LED is better warm or cold?

LEDs can have different color temperature... That is, the light of an LED can have shades from warm yellowish, like an incandescent light bulb familiar to everyone, to cold, giving off to a blue.
Which diode to choose depends on the tasks that you set yourself and your individual perception. For outdoor use in summer, the choice of warm LED is preferred.
Cold light appears to be brighter, but has poorer color rendering than warm. This is especially true for shades of red and yellow flowers... Green grass may appear gray in the light of a cold diode.
If it is supposed to be used indoors or in winter, when everything around is white or gray, then the color imperfections are not so important.

For professional use, especially if you need to clearly distinguish the smallest shades of color of illuminated objects, LEDs may be generally unsuitable.

8.Xenon or LED, what's the difference?
Xenon or HID (High Intensity Discharge) lamps are similar to incandescent lamps with the difference that it is not a filament that emits light in them, but a high-voltage electrical discharge enclosed inside glass flask.
Xenon lamps have disadvantages similar to incandescent lamps, such as fragility, small, relative to LEDs, service life, large dimensions. Also among the shortcomings are the high price, the impossibility of adjusting the brightness, demanding power. For their work, xenon lamps require a special starting device and ballast, batteries capable of delivering a very high current. Advantages - high efficiency, good color rendering, the ability to obtain very powerful light sources with excellent focusing, which is not yet available for LEDs.
Some flashlight manufacturers call xenon lamp with a conventional spiral, but containing xenon or halogen vapors under the bulb. Halogen lamps have a longer service life and efficiency compared to conventional incandescent lamps, and do not require additional devices to operate.

9.Accumulators or batteries, which is more profitable?
If the flashlight is used regularly, every day or even every weekend for several hours, then the batteries and Charger will pay off quickly for them.
If the flashlight is just in case, it is more profitable to power it with batteries. Also if you go to long hike in which it will not be possible to charge the batteries, the supply of batteries will come in handy.

10. What flashlight should a hunter buy?
- durable and reliable,
- the flashlight must withstand recoil,
- be able to be installed on a weapon,
- have a minimum number of modes and simple controls to eliminate the possibility of confusion at the time of the shot,
- the flashlight must be long enough for the caliber used,
- have a tactical button so that the flashlight turns on even before it clicks,
- be able to use the external button,
- have reliable batteries with a long shelf life. Perfect option- CR123A batteries,
- the flashlight should not strongly affect the balance of the weapon, respectively, the less weight the better.
These requirements are met by tactical series from many manufacturers: Surefire, Streamlight, Fenix, JetBeam, Olight, Magicshine

11. Fishing flashlight. Which one to buy?
The fisherman should have both hands free, which means you should pay attention to the headlamps. Cold LEDs cannot break through fog or haze above water. Their light illuminates the water particles themselves hanging in the air, which only interferes with the illumination of the target. Based on this, the flashlight should be with a "warm" LED, lamp or combined.
Headbands suitable for these requirements are produced by Petzl, Fenix, Sunree, Zebralight.

12. Lantern in the car, what to choose?
Depends on the tasks of the motorist.
If the flashlight will be used for car repairs, troubleshooting on the way, then you need free hands and a forehead with a diffused beam. It is better to use batteries, moreover, readily available type AA or a rechargeable flashlight with a cigarette lighter charge.
If it comes for off-road tests where the flashlight is used for orientation in the terrain, a powerful HID or LED Spotlight.
For a flashlight “just in case”, which can replace a mount in an emergency, you should choose a Maglite S6D or Streamlight UltraStinger model that suits the size.

13. Which lantern is better for giving?
One that will not get lost, large and noticeable, perhaps bright color.
Protected from dust, water and drops. With a housing made of aluminum or durable plastic.
Battery powered, preferably readily available in countryside- AA or D., or with a built-in battery and charging from a 220v network or even from a radio. You can find lanterns for summer cottages in the camping lanterns section.

14. Bicycle light, are there any?
For cycling, you can use both special bicycle lights (bicycle lights) and ordinary manual ones.
Bike lanterns usually consist of two blocks connected by a wire. A block with a lamp or LED is mounted on the steering wheel, and the second, battery, is located on the frame or under the saddle.
There are many bike racks available for flashlights. The simplest, hand-made - two metal clamps connected together. One is put on the steering wheel, in the second the lamp is clamped.
Long-range lights are not good for a bike. For a comfortable ride, the lamp should illuminate the road with a sufficiently wide beam