Color and style in the interior are closely related. Many styles presuppose a certain set of shades, and even the perfect design can be “killed” by an unsuccessfully chosen color combination. In this article, we will not consider styles such as eclecticism, contemporary, modern classics, art deco, ethnic and a number of others, since there are practically no specific color combinations characteristic of this particular style. Let's focus on popular styles that have pronounced color features.

Despite the growing popularity of modern styles, the classics never go out of style. Inspired by the heritage of ancient culture, it looks restrained and harmonious. In this style, ultra-modern furniture with an abundance of metal and plastic, as well as bright flashy colors and overly contrasting combinations are inappropriate.

The key tone of the base for the classic style is white. The traditional color combination is a combination of light pastel walls (white, delicate beige, light yellow, light blue), a white ceiling with stucco molding and a dark floor. Calm saturated shades of green and blue are also acceptable - they are also necessarily combined with white. An interesting solution for the classic style is an amphilade of rooms made in different colors, however, combined in saturation and warmth.

Columns decorated in antique style are also often used to decorate a room in a classic style.

The Empire style originated in France at the beginning of the 19th century. Some consider it to be the highest development of the classical style: the Empire style also has an antique influence. State-of-the-art and monumental, these days it is often used to decorate living rooms and offices.

Empire style is characterized by rich noble colors and rather contrasting combinations. The classic is the combination of red, burgundy, dark blue or emerald green with white and black. Also muted shades of gold, bronze and copper are often used in interior details. The most suitable floor for the Empire style is from precious woods, or inlaid parquet. Its color ranges from brown to amber.

It should be noted that in Russia the Empire style is divided into the classic Empire style and the Russian Empire style. The Russian Empire style is more pompous, and copper-colored furniture made from Karelian birch is very characteristic for it.

Rococo is the direct "heir" of the Baroque, which is why, for a layman, these two styles often turn out to be extremely similar. Therefore, for the sake of simplicity, we will combine them into one.

Light pastel shades are characteristic of baroque and rococo - combinations of white with blue, yellow, light green, pearl. The design is complemented by stucco molding, carved panels with gilded elements. All this creates a light and at the same time luxurious palace atmosphere. This style looks most advantageous in small semicircular rooms.

If we talk about the differences, the baroque is characterized by more "heavy" and saturated colors - turquoise, wine, gold. Also a feature of this trend are painted ceilings, volumetric walls (currently this is achieved with the help of Venetian plaster) and a floor made of expensive materials - for example, marble tiles.

Rococo is a lighter and more airy style, the floor and ceiling are usually decorated without frills, in white and brown colors. This trend is also characterized by interior details that easily change the space - bright screens and large tapestries, often made in oriental style.

It is worth adding that in the interior of a small modern apartment, these styles in their pure form run the risk of looking too pretentious and inappropriate. However, the use of details typical of the Baroque and Rococo (for example, screens) will add chic to the setting.

Loft is a modern style that is gaining popularity nowadays. Its peculiarity lies in the use of originally non-residential premises (factories, abandoned attics, etc.), as well as in a harmonious combination of different architectural solutions: for example, a combination of a wall with brickwork, an open ventilation system and modern stylish furniture.

This style is mainly focused on cool natural colors - stucco white walls, brown wood flooring, gray or black furniture. Bright saturated -, red, blue, green - colors are possible in the form of small blotches.

Country, aka rustic style, is very popular not only in the design of country houses, but also in city apartments. Kitchens in this style are especially popular; they look light and cozy even in the darkest time of the year.

Country suggests warm and soft natural colors - various shades of brown, light yellow, light green, blue, sand, olive. Small quantities and colors are also appropriate. Usually, two or three colors are chosen to decorate a room and combine them with each other. There is also an opinion that all primary colors should be combined with.

Hi-tech is a simple, functional and high-tech design. It is rather laconic and does not allow for a wide variety of color variations. The main hi-tech tones are gray, metallic, white and black. They are diluted with pure bright (but not acidic!) Colors - blue, green. The main color is chosen depending on the room: white should be preferred for the bedroom, silver and black for the living room. Transparent decorative elements are also popular in this direction.

Despite the name translating as “modern,” the Art Nouveau style emerged in the 19th century. Fairy-tale and fantasy in spirit, it is characterized by floral ornaments and an abundance of carved wood in medium and dark tones. The main brown-beige tone is diluted with soft natural shades of green and.

This style should not be confused with the so-called "modern" style, assuming a variety of colors and design variability.

Minimalism presupposes clarity and fineness of forms, which is emphasized by color. An absolute classic of this style is a black and white interior without any "impurities" of other colors and decor. However, a room decorated exclusively in such colors often looks too cold, uncomfortable and empty. To avoid this, black is replaced or diluted with warm gray or shades of brown. It is also possible a single use of parts or pieces of furniture of other colors - lilac, dark red or green, color accents.

Futurism is a laconic and unusual design in the style of a spaceship or "house of the future". It is characterized by unusual forms of furniture (for example, sofas that slide into the wall), transparent glass partitions instead of walls, and a large number of built-in high-tech appliances.

The surface of the floor, walls and ceiling is usually made boiling white, gray or, in extreme cases, beige. Furniture and interior details are made in bright, even acidic colors - lemon yellow, bright orange, fuchsia, ultramarine, light green and the like. A small amount of black is also possible.

The playful and flamboyant pin-up style comes from the sixties and is one of the most memorable retro styles. The classic pin-up combination is a combination of light pink and warm. Sometimes the traditional yellow is replaced by pale orange, blue and light green. Also a must-have element of the interior are bright prints on the walls, collages in the pin-up era, polka-dot curtains and an abundance of mirrors in stylized frames.

The French country style is gaining popularity nowadays. White or light gray floors, colorful floral patterns, light curtains, ceramic knick-knacks, ruffles and lace will all come naturally to this style. The characteristic colors for the walls are warm, light, as if faded in the sun tones: milky, light pink, blue, pearl, pale lilac, sandy. Furniture is usually chosen in white or light beige; it is often artificially aged.

Also, sometimes one of the walls is not plastered and painted white so that the brickwork is visible.

And one last tip that applies to all types of design: do not forget that even within the established stylistic and color combinations, there is room for experimentation and an original approach!

November 2016

Modern homes are truly gorgeous. Architectural layouts are perfectly solved in them. They are finished with the best materials, but original decorative elements bring real uniqueness to the atmosphere. Art in the interior becomes that coveted accent that brings with it an atmosphere of absolute completeness.

Sculptures, glass art objects, designer dolls, textile collages and, of course, paintings do an excellent job with this task.

A piece of art can be the center of an interior

The power of art is undoubtedly great, and so that it does not imbalance the order of life, painting and sculpture, it is imperative to find their place in the house. We will tell you how to do this in this collection.

Sculpture in the interior

"Very often, small pieces of art, appearing in the interior in single copies, subsequently become an object of collectibles."

People have always had the desire to decorate their homes. In ancient times, figurines carved from bones, driftwood or stone served as decorative elements. Some of them were just a toy, some were considered a talisman, protection of the house. Time passed, and the sculpture did not leave people's homes. She was just being transformed. Materials and manufacturing techniques changed. The peasant houses were filled with clay cockerels, dogs, little men. In the residences of aristocrats, antique statues and marble lions observed order. Such typical sculptures fit perfectly into ethnicity and classics. However, contemporary art has offered new, no less worthy sculptures in the interiors that meet the requirements of modernity, minimalism, and hi-tech. It remains only to choose the right option.

Art objects in a modern interior

It should be remembered that the sculpture installed in the room performs exclusively decorative functions. There can be no question of its practical use. With its help, not to close the hole on the wall, not to correct the space, although there were cases when antique statues were turned into ordinary hangers, which only confirmed the tacit statement that this piece of furniture is able to reveal all the secrets of the inner world of the owners, emphasizing the presence or, on the contrary, lack of taste and personality.

Contemporary sculpture in the interior

The art of sculpture does not rush into the interior at random. To get a really decorative thing to your liking, arrange yourself a mini test. It will help you decide what to look for. First, decide which type of sculpture appeals to you more: round or embossed. The first include:

1. Busts.
2. Statues.
3. Sculptural groups.

Round type of sculpture in the interior

The latter are represented by high relief and bas-relief. Next, you need to decide on the genre. You can focus on the depiction of historical scenes, some scenes from mythology, figures of the gods of Olympus, or choose a portrait direction. Or maybe you will be interested in symbolic images, like seven elephants, three monkeys, a snake biting its tail.

Embossed type of sculpture

The third question of the test will be the material of manufacture. Modern statues are made from:

1. Ceramics.
2. Plaster.
3. Porcelain.
4. Stone.
5. Wood.
6. Crystal.
7. Metal.
8. Ivory.
9. Papers.

The list of materials also speaks about the methods of making the statues. It can be seen that they are obtained by casting, molding, forging, embossing, and carving.

Metal sculpture

How big your figurine will be depends on where you plan to place it. Large statues are placed on plinths. Mediums look great on mantels and shelves. Miniature items will require backlit shelves, although they can be placed on a dresser, coffee table, or console if desired. Very often, small pieces of art, appearing in the interior in single copies, subsequently become an object of collecting.

Collection of sculpture on the mantel

Regardless of the size of the sculpture you choose, you need free space, effective lighting, and the right background to position it. Free space is especially important for small figures, because it is very easy for them to get lost in the background of other things.

Small figures need effective lighting

Where and what to put?

Large statues are only installed in large rooms and halls. You shouldn't turn the interior into a museum one. It is enough to decorate it with several medium or one large statues.

Large statues will organically look in a room with a large area

In the bedroom, medium-sized figurines are often placed at the foot of the bed, while small ones are placed on bedside tables.

Small figures can be placed on the bedside table

It is not recommended to purchase fragile, metal or expensive figures in the nursery, because they are potentially dangerous for the baby.
In the office, place the sculpture on the work table or on a special shelf. It is important to choose something solid, you must admit that plaster pigs do not belong here at all.

The sculpture in the study should look solid

Interior art and decor styles

In order for the sculpture to harmoniously fit into the environment, it must be selected in stylistic harmony with the interior design. So it is good to add plaster masks, antique marble sculptures, busts of celebrities to the classic decor.

Plaster sculpture in the classic internet

The place of porcelain angels, funny animals, shepherdesses, pastoral scenes - in Provence and Rococo.
The Russian style is filled with wooden and clay figurines, painted using the Gzhel technique, as well as nesting dolls, etc.

Nesting dolls in the interior

Eastern interiors are the realm of bone and bronze figures of dragons and other mythical creatures.

Oriental sculpture in the interior

Minimalism accepts only products made of natural metal, unpainted wood, ceramics, and the statues should have a laconic shape and amaze with the smoothness of lines. They can depict not only animals or people, but also some kind of abstraction. It is permissible to introduce the art of sculpture into a home interior with copies of world masterpieces. In this, sculpture has an undeniable advantage over paintings.

Sculpture of Venus de Milo in the interior

Painting in interior decor

Once the icon was an indispensable element of home furnishings. She was imprisoned in silver and gold salaries. Precious stones and enamels served as additional decoration. Over time, this made the icon not only an object of cult worship, but also a real interior decoration.

Icons as interior decoration

From ancient times, trellises, tapestries, paintings have come to our homes. It is with them that the residences of wealthy people are decorated today. Often, when decorating rooms, designers use a continuous tapestry, in which the entire surface of the wall is covered with paintings.

Tapestry hanging of paintings

The picture supports the light mood of the interior

What the effect will be depends on the subject matter of the plot, the color scheme, and the location of the element. These facts only confirm that the selection and placement of paintings in the interior is really a great art that needs to be learned. When choosing them, you need to think about how the paintings will be combined with the rest of the decor accessories and whether they will fit into the existing environment at all.

Pictures emphasize the color scheme of the interior

A lot does not mean beautiful. This rule is more than relevant for paintings. Art in the interior does not always have to carry a single canvas. It can create the impression of asceticism and fail to become the final touch of a single interior. Too many reproductions will lead to congestion in the interior, which also will not add a positive atmosphere to the atmosphere, so learn to look for a middle ground.

Painting as a central element of decor in the interior

Pictures in the interiors of rooms
The picture should bring positive emotions into the house, so try to avoid apocalyptic and battle scenes. And for each, separately taken room, the theme of the works will be specific
In the living room, for example, it is good to hang landscapes and bright canvases in the spirit of impressionism.

Bright painting in the style of impressionism

Bedroom - a room with a pacifying atmosphere and pictures for it should be in restrained colors with paired images.

Painting of pastel colors in the bedroom

A colorful still life or canvases depicting flowers will bring harmony to the kitchen. Ceramic vases and decorative utensils will be a good addition to painting.

Karina with the image of wildflowers will add coziness to the interior

It is better to revive the office with mountain landscapes or hunting scenes. The art of painting on such a subject brings the energy of stability, reliability, and confidence to the interior. You can place an image of water in front of the writing table, and it will bring wealth and good luck to the owner of the room.

Pictures with hunting scenes bring the energy of stability to the interior

The easiest way to decorate a nursery. The child himself can become the author of the paintings for its decor. If the kid does not have a penchant for drawing, then look for something from a children's theme for his room. These can be images of animals, fairy-tale characters. A sailboat would be appropriate in the young man's room. It symbolizes the upward movement. The room of a young girl will be very successfully decorated with images of peonies, because these flowers are considered a symbol of a successful marriage.

Children's drawings in frames can become a worthy decoration of a nursery

The corridors and hallways are somewhat gloomy from the start and the bright abstractions that appear in them will be very useful.

A bright picture will revive the interior of the corridor

As you can see, the role of art in the interior is very diverse. Its elements bring with them not only aesthetics, but also mysticism, namely the latter, which is sometimes lacking in our measured current life.

Where should the painting "live"?

Not every canvas will be able to stand out surrounded by rich colors, so a dimly painted wall will be the best background for paintings. In order for the canvas, made in soothing colors, not to get lost against the same pastel background, it must be framed in a contrasting frame. A common mistake is placing paintings on dimly lit areas of walls. In order for the picture to sparkle with colors, it must bathe in the sun's rays.

Abstract painting sets the tone for the living room

Few people know, but with the help of pictures it is very easy to correct the perception of space. Do you want to smooth out the unpleasant impression of the bulkiness of the sofa? Hang pictures over it and it will visually "shrink".

A bulky sofa will appear smaller if you hang a large painting above it.

If there are a lot of paintings in the house, you can try to create a real gallery out of them. This will add originality to the interior.

A gallery of paintings will add originality to the interior

What else does art come to our homes with?

"Another element of art that is often present in the interior is the author's doll."

Another element of art that is often present in the interior is the author's doll. They are placed on shelves or seated on sofas. Most often, such dolls are made for the corresponding interior and are ordered to the master individually.

The dolls are perfect for the interior in the style of Provence and shabby chic

Stopper dolls are popular today. They are more functional than just sitting in the seats of "friends". In addition to decorating the decor, this type of doll serves a completely banal purpose - it does not allow doors to be slammed.

Doll stopper will not allow doors to slam

Interior garlands will help you quickly change the decor in the room, fill it with a festive atmosphere. They are often used to decorate homes for Christmas, Easter, New Year, family celebrations. Such garlands are also made to order, so the interior is guaranteed individuality and uniqueness.

Interior garlands will help you quickly refresh the interior

Textile pendants also bring art to the interior. This small element helps to add flavor to the exterior of curtains, the exterior of doors, furniture or other furnishing details. Pendants are made in a wide variety of shapes and patterns. These can be gingerbread men, fruits, hearts, birds, flowers, leaves, etc.

Textile garlands will help to add zest to the interior

Conclusion

If you want to have an extraordinary interior design - fill the furnishings with elements of real art. Forget the phrase "this reproduction (engraving, sculpture, panel) is too small / large for this room." Well, what can strike the human imagination even more than an extraordinary shift of the coordinate system? It just needs to be learned to manipulate. Do you still think that the image of some gigantic horse will completely crush a tiny bedroom? But no! It will just completely transform her. Art in the interior can appear in any form, the main thing is that the elements representing it are perceived adequately. And today professionals cope with this work “with a bang!”.

1. Concept of style

2.Characteristic of styles

In the interior design of any room, there are so-called interior styles (style directions). Style is a set of features, a unity of expressive techniques and means, an artistic or ideological community, inherent both in a certain time or direction in architecture, and in a specific person or his home. One or the other interior style- this is a harmonious set of certain features, the unity of the artistic direction. Style is the language of expression of the main idea of ​​a design project.

The choice of style is one of the most important criteria for creating a hotel's interior design. Not only the appearance of the room depends on it, but also the atmosphere of coziness and comfort. Interior design styles are quite diverse: from classic to high-tech, and all kinds of foreign style trends can also be attributed here.

In the modern world, there are conditionally two main style groups, historical styles and modern styles. Often they are called classics and modernity, although logically this terminology is erroneous, since there is an independent historical modern style with its own characteristics that have nothing to do with modern styles.

“The first group includes the styles of Ancient Egyptian, Ancient Greek, Byzantine, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, Empire, Classicism, Romanticism and Eclecticism, Art Nouveau (Secession, Jugenstil, Art Nouveau), Art Deco, Modernism, Postmodernism, Constructivism, deconstructivism.

The group of modern styles includes high-tech, country, eco-style, English style, art-belief, minimalism, ethnic, fusion, pop art, various author's styles, etc. Often interior designers combine elements of different styles and get an individual , unlike anything interior "33.

Style is the language of design, project, composition. Since this language is alive, it tends to borrow certain elements from another linguistic environment. So the style borrows various elements, forming a mysterious symbiosis. Borrowing, in turn, forms eclecticism in a successful combination of circumstances, and in not skillful hands kitsch - bad taste. The borderline between kitsch and eclecticism is very fragile and requires skill for a competent connection. Knowledge of composition, delicate taste are required, in the interior - knowledge of textures and materials. Merging these important parameters and form the "style".

The most characteristic are historical styles (gothic, baroque, classicism, empire, neoclassicism, modern, minimalism, ethnic), as well as fusion style, i.e. mixing styles. Let's consider some of them and their stylistic features.

Gothick style . The origin of the original Gothic style of the interior took place in the Middle Ages, when the architectural style was strongly influenced by religious organizations and civil architecture adopted the characteristic features of architectural temples. Further development of the Gothic style of the interior took place in the Victorian era, and then continued at the end of the last century, under the influence of the Goth subculture.

Although the origins of the Gothic style are the religious buildings of Europe, it is also applicable to university, civilian buildings and residential interiors. The dramatic design of the NotreDameCathedral in Paris, France has elements that are still in use today. Such elements include arches over windows and doors, patterns and ornaments, ribbed vaults. The architects of the Middle Ages used innovative technologies at that time, which made it possible to carry out thin masonry and erect monumental structures with sharp spiers, decorative stone decoration and an abundance of stained glass and stained glass.

In the following centuries, the focus of architectural interest shifted to living quarters, tastes of the West returned to romantic nature and Gothic forms, and the revival of the Gothic style took place in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Victorian era saw the advancement of construction technologies and the development of complex architectural forms based on wooden structures. Such designs were used in the United States as part of support to timber producers, which gave new impetus to the development of the Gothic style in exteriors and interiors.

Elements of Victorian Gothic and Renaissance Gothic are used in the construction and decoration of modern homes and in the decoration of interior spaces. The most characteristic elements of the Gothic style in the interior are elongated pointed arches, fireplaces, stained glass windows and wooden beams under the ceilings. Floors are usually covered with heavy materials such as stone, slabs, or planks with metal braces.

The basis of the color scheme of the Gothic interior consists of ocher, purple, red, black, gold and natural metal colors. Special shades are introduced with the addition of wooden door panels, wide wood baseboards, wall decoration with frescoes, stained glass windows or masonry. Tapestries and velvet when decorating window openings bring the necessary mood to the Gothic interior. Furniture is finished using velvet, carvings, chiseled legs in elongated planes. Of the decorative elements in the Gothic interior, candles, forged products, sculptures, crosses are used.

Colored stained-glass windows are widely used in the interior, transforming the streams of natural light into a mysterious play of colored highlights. The Gothic style is also characterized by a frame system, pointed arches, and rose windows. The compositional center of the interior is a fireplace with a pyramidal hood. The furniture is massive, made of dark wood, decorated with carved ornaments. The ornament uses the lancet arch motif and plant motifs (leaves of grapes, ivy, clover, shamrocks). Fabrics and carpets are very popular. The color scheme is rich.

Baroque style refers to the 17th century. This luxurious, whimsical, pompous style is associated primarily with the name of the king - the Sun of Louis XIV. This style is characterized by emotionality, brightness of colors, splendor of decoration. Baroque is known for its style-forming element - the plasticity of the wall, thanks to which the wall seems to be deprived of its main feature - reliability and monumentality, acquiring unprecedented dynamics. Deliberate complexity appears in the interior, rounded corners, many mirrors, gilded stucco moldings, ceiling paintings using the effect of "flowing" of space into the "sky-high". The interiors are richly decorated with painting, stucco decoration of wavy, bizarre shapes. Versailles is a classic example of the Baroque style. The art of illusion is characteristic of the Baroque. The desire to impress the viewer is expressed in exaggerated dimensions, emphasized dynamic forms, spectacular angles and an abundance of decor. Very effective, emotional and festive style.

The facade and interior are richly decorated with such decorative elements as bas-reliefs, sculptural groups, vases, etc.

In the middle of the 17th century, a new style came to replace the baroque - Rococo . The symbol of the style from which this name came is Rocaille (French shell) Refined, feminine, boudoir style that arose from the Baroque. This is the style of the secular salons and the Marquise de Pompadour. In the design of interiors, techniques are used that break the construct of a building, mirrors, huge murals, smoothing of the corners between the wall and ceiling, the widespread use of the oval for the compositional decoration of rectangular planes. Furniture becomes elegant, chamber, whimsical. The color scheme becomes more pastel compared to the rich baroque brightness. The lines of furniture and decorative elements are curved. Sinks are used as decoration. The interior feels lightness, gallantry, secular ease, the atmosphere of an exquisite and carefree pastime.

Classic style originates in the era of classicism in the late 17th early 19th century. The name of the style, translated from the Latin classicus, means exemplary, indicative, showing a desire for an ideal model, a standard. The classic interior reflects noble ideas about the "golden age" - idealization and heroic elevation of laws in nature, the observance of order and hierarchy in the human world.

Term "classic" was born in the ancient era of the Middle Ages to determine the highest strata of the population, the elite of Ancient Rome. Since then, the epithet "classic" has been accompanied by a style or trend in any sphere of everyday life, culture and art, accepted as traditional by all the peoples of the world. Therefore, the classic interior can be successfully called elite.

A traditional feature of the classic interior is the graceful furnishings of furniture in strict geometric proportions, straight lines are observed in everything: in the construction of columns, the creation of door and window openings, balustrades of balconies, stairs and terraces. In the era of classicism, the adherence to the observance of enfilades in the Boroque style remains - the interiors adjoin each other sequentially, and the doorways are located along the same axis, creating a see-through interior. The basic principles of a classic interior are rationalism in everything, the tendency to achieve comfort and harmony through simplicity and at the same time rigor, logical clarity, completeness. Most of the items created in the era of classicism are considered to be rarities. The classical style of the interior received equal recognition, both among the aristocracy and among the democratic-minded society, and surpassed the popularity of the pretentious and pretentious styles of Boroque and Rococo in the era of classicism.

Stiff porcelain candelabra and crystal chandeliers replaced candlesticks made of precious metals and cabinet lamps, sconces, floor lamps with monotonous colors of monolithic glass shades. The chronometers that have lost their relevance are gradually replacing the monumental grandfather clocks. Fireplaces made of marble made an alternative to tiled stoves with multi-colored painting. The classic interior preferred the austerity of rectangular windows with transparent glazing. The artistic genres of landscape and portrait that flourished in the era of classicism became an integral part of the classic interior: images of natural phenomena and heroic personalities in gilded frames became a worthy decoration of the walls of halls, living rooms and bedrooms. Accessories made of fragile porcelain and ductile silver replace practical and durable bronze, marble sculpture. The furniture retains the natural decor of natural wood with no gilding. Textiles for the upholstery of soft furniture parts, window decoration and wall decoration are chosen from silk and satin in noble restrained colors. In a classic interior, velor and brocade draperies with a large, majestic pattern acquire signs of excessive luxury. Books are becoming an indispensable attribute of a classic interior instead of rare jewelry.

The modern interior, decorated in a classic style, is a room of the correct shape, light, radiating peace and stable family comfort. The classic interior is not excessive, not overloaded with details. In a classic interior, there are usually many mirrors that expand the room and give it shine. Columns with bronze capitals very organically complement the classic interior, fireplaces are decorated with marble.

White furniture combined with gilding and pastel upholstery and walls is also a very common option. The style will also be characterized by furniture in the color of natural noble wood with a bronze finish and blue-green or pink shades of textiles in the upholstery and curtains.

“The fabrics go well with the shape of the upholstered furniture and the color of the wood. Curtains and draperies of windows of a classic interior with a complex graceful shape, with noble folds, serve as an adornment of the window and the interior as a whole. In the interior decoration, brushes or fabrics similar in tone and texture are used ”34.

Chandeliers made of crystal, natural transparent stone or expensive glass are most often used for lighting. Bronze or gilded chandeliers with shades imitating candles look good in the interior. Modern spot lighting does not conflict with the classic style, but rather organically fits into the interior.

Tables and chairs in the dining room with graceful carved legs and china, thin, almost transparent, with a discreet pattern and gilding. The obligatory attributes of a classic interior are fireplaces, cozy low armchairs, low tea and coffee tables, an abundance of light, soft light hand-made carpets, parquet from precious woods and lamps that look like jewelry.

With all their diversity, the elegant and somewhat ceremonial interiors in the classical style do not look like museum exhibits, because they retain the main features of the style: nobility and restraint, harmony and good taste, and the owner of the house in the classical style confirms his high social status and respectability.

Empire style (from French.empire - empire) - the style of the first three decades of the nineteenth century. This style is the culminating point, completing the chord of classicism, a style that became widespread during the reign of Napoleon I. This style was supposed to reflect the power and greatness of the French Empire. The solemn, military-triumphal style imitated the luxury of the Roman Empire. It is characterized by monumental forms and rich decor (emblems, ornament). Expensive, high-quality materials were used in the decoration: silk, mahogany, bronze, basalite. The Empire style also included some of the ancient Egyptian elements that came into fashion after Napoleon's Egyptian campaign. These are massive geometric volumes, and ancient Egyptian ornaments, and stylized sphinxes. The Empire style was very characterized by the use of symbols with a military theme: military armor, laurel wreaths, shields, eagles, etc. In a number of countries, the Empire style became an expression of the ideas of state independence.

The Empire style was also strictly maintained in applied art, in heavy furniture with emphasized geometric lines and shapes, in products of the art industry, massive, well-finished. The furniture has acquired peculiar features: supporting parts in the form of griffins, animal paws, antique germs. The armchairs, like other seating furniture, were quite uncomfortable and rigid, as pomp was preferable to comfort.

For the Empire style, unlike most styles, one more feature is characteristic: its inherent regulation almost completely excluded the emergence of religious movements and schools. That is why it is correct to call only the art of France at the beginning of the nineteenth century “Empire”. Only one country, Russia, has adopted the "Empire style". But for Russia, the Empire style was not focused on the figure of Emperor Alexander, it was inspired by the idea of ​​national unity.

Empire style is a style of aristocracy that does not go out of fashion to this day. The Empire style design is distinguished by its heavy weight, clear forms and intricate finishes. The wallpaper can be replaced with a cloth and the same cloth can be used to cover the lampshades of all lamps in the room.

In this style, everything is designed to show luxury: rich heavy draperies, metal decorations, on the walls - old engravings, chasing or paintings in beautiful frames.

“When choosing an Empire style, it is better to give preference to dark colored furniture (black, chestnut or mahogany). And let it be squat - in general, everything tall in rooms made in the Empire style is best avoided. Chairs, for example, are preferable with a low back, wide, soft. Chests of drawers are characteristic of this particular style. In such a room, leather furniture and massive floor lamps with fabric shades are also appropriate ”35.

In the furniture of the Empire style, mahogany, walnut, and Karelian birch are also used in Russia. The thread is practically not used.

The supporting parts of tables, armchairs, chairs, sofas are made in the form of antique herms, sphinxes, griffins, columns and lion paws, borrowed from the ruins of ancient Rome and the excavations of Pompeii. In the form of furniture, rectangular, massive, closed forms are used, profiles and protrusions on it are rare.

Both armchairs and all other seating furniture are rigid. Empire style furniture prefers splendor to the detriment of ease of use.

There are two types of Empire style: European and Russian. For European Empire characterized by an abundance of gold, bronze, marble, stucco, columns, mirrors, paintings on the walls and ceiling; picturesque panels, heavy draperies on the windows. The furniture was made of valuable species - mahogany, Karelian birch, ash, pear, etc. It has strict, regular, symmetrical shapes, decorated with carvings. Dishes, candelabra and other accessories made of silver and bronze have calm straight shapes with smooth surfaces and are decorated with engraving.

Russian Empire more calm, lyrical and less lush. Distinctive features are graceful stucco molding on ceilings and walls. Lightness and comfort prevail in the interior. Lots of white. Subdued tones are used for walls and draperies. Large windows and many mirrors, fireplaces, patterned parquet from precious wood. Carpets on the floors, crystal chandeliers are in harmony with furniture upholstery, stage decoration, draperies on the windows, tablecloths and napkins in gentle pastel colors. Stucco moldings on the ceilings are combined with large openwork chandeliers, giving soft, diffused light. The creator of the St. Petersburg Empire style is considered the "Russian Italian" K. Rossi.

Minimalism formed in the 60s of the twentieth century. The main principle of the style is nothing more. The space is organized in an extremely laconic, functional way, simple geometric shapes are used, large surfaces are filled with one color. The color scheme can be as simple as monochrome. However, only expensive, high-quality materials are used in the decoration.

Nowadays, it is not becoming as fashionable as it was in the 90s. But, like anything that is fashionable, this style can transform over time, absorbing the latest elements and becoming popular again. Minimalism is characterized by the absence of patterns, decors, and a small number of accessories.

At the moment, the dominant concept in the design of modern hotels and openings in the hospitality industry is the style of comfortable minimalism. “The ideology of this style is based on simple geometric shapes, there are no circles and radii, contrasting colors prevail, as a rule, these are bleached oak and wenge” 36. The style of comfortable minimalism opens up unlimited possibilities for developing the design of rooms and public spaces. It provides designers with a wide palette of colors to create both bright and calm interiors for any concept, be it a country or city hotel, club room, house or apartment. Comfortable minimalism is an established style, it will not lose its relevance and will certainly be popular for several more decades.

Minimalism is a modern interpretation of the ancient oriental style. His motto: abandoning the necessary in favor of the most necessary .

Minimalism is not just free space - it is a style that means careful thought over every detail. In such a room, the number of items is minimal, but they perform all the functions necessary for a comfortable stay.

The most important thing when creating such interiors is a well-planned space, in which there is a lot of diffused, calm light, when it seems that the walls and ceiling themselves are shining, a lot of air. To create a feeling of breadth and spaciousness, the room is freed from internal partitions as much as possible. Large windows, saturating the space with light, connect the home with the outside world, making it part of the interior.

Minimalism comes to us from Japanese culture. Traditionally, it was built on combinations of light and shade, so earth tones, as well as white, gray and black colors, prevail in such an interior. The minimalist interior is light and free. Color helps to create a sense of spaciousness. The absence of a large number of shades and color combinations enlarges the room, as if filling it with air.

Any colors can be used in the design, however, preference is given to light ones. The colors of traditional minimalism are gray, beige, sand, black and their variations. Various tones of green combined with white and brown are also appropriate.

Also, this style is characterized by a combination of black and white graphic interior design with the addition of furniture and accessories in rich colors. However, such color spots should be nothing more than accents.

The shape of interior items should be simple (the absence of numerous folds on sofas, a straight back of the chairs, straight legs at the table, etc.), although curved lines are also allowed (for example, a rounded sofa line that repeats the bend of a bay window).

“The materials must be of high quality. For the manufacture of furniture in the style of minimalism, as before, they use wood, stone, natural fabrics.

Metal elements are made of steel or aluminum (the latter is used mainly for making profiles). Glass is mainly used frosted. Straight smooth surfaces finished with such materials emphasize the graphic and laconic style of the interior ”37.

The use of metal in the interior, minimalism gives it a sharp modernity: metal countertops in the kitchen, chair legs, shelving racks. And sunlight reflected from glass and smooth metal creates an atmosphere of lightness. Simple natural finishing materials are used, often untreated, with a rough texture: brick, concrete, wood or plaster.

Neoclassicism (from the French Classicisme) is a common name for artistic movements of the second half of the 19th-20th centuries, based on the classical traditions of the art of antiquity, the Renaissance, and classicism. This style is characterized by emphasized nobility, severity and clarity.

Neoclassicism is characterized by calm rectangular shapes, restrained and at the same time varied decorative design, full of dignity, but not pretentious appearance, verified proportions.

The premises, made in the neoclassical style, are distinguished by a significant size of rooms, wide flights of stairs. In the reproduction of neoclassical interiors, architectural elements are used that refer us to ancient examples. For this, decorative columns, arches, drywall semi-arches are used.

When using style details, the desired effect can be achieved with the most minimal means: for example, using an antique vase or sculpture. Light colors of walls and furniture are an important attribute in neoclassical interiors.

It is undesirable to get into the living room when entering the house. It would be good if a beautiful view of it would open up from the hallway or hallway. In this case, the use of partitions is undesirable. For zoning space, it is better to use half-columns and columns. Space that is different in purpose should, as it were, flow from one to another. But the main thing is the observance of classical proportions and symmetry.

In the second half of the 19th century, a new trend was born - romanticism. Romanticism is more of a worldview than a style, expressed in dreams of a synthesis of all arts. This is how it appears eclecticism. It is a mixture of all styles. This period of time is characterized by the emergence of many neo-styles. Elements of oriental cultures were actively used in European interiors. In modern design, the principle of eclecticism, a romantic passion for the historical style, is also often applied. Mixing with elements of an oriental fairy tale takes place and is corrected by a modern worldview and the level of technical capabilities.

This style in the interior combines different motives, which combines 2-3 stylistic approaches. Combinations of pieces of furniture of different times and origins are used.

Eclectic style is currently one of the modern ones. Decorating hotels in this style, referring to any period, time is very expensive, and such an interior does not always fit into our modern lifestyle. In this case, you can use an eclectic approach to decorating. “This style requires a strict attitude to the main design elements - a specific color, texture, texture, shape and size. Combinations of objects and furniture of different times and origins are used here ”38.

Many professionals consider themselves to be representatives of the eclectic style (i.e. a combination of the old and the new), but in order for eclecticism not to turn into chaos, a designer must have real talent.

Modernism (French Moderne - the newest, modern) is a stylistic trend in European and American art, which appeared in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. Very decorative and distinctive style.

The slogan of modernity is “back to nature”. A characteristic complex system of ornamentation based on highly stylized flowers and plants, swans. The style has a symbol - it is the sophisticated shape of the cyclamen flower. For the Art Nouveau of the "new" style, which was born at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, as a movement to create the style of its era, the abandonment of old style forms is used, the search for new materials: iron, glass, reinforced concrete. Free layout, different floor levels, large window openings. The designer uses improvisation on the chosen theme when working on the interior. On the walls - whimsical whimsical wriggling lines with a clear tendency to asymmetry. The walls of the room are colorful, often decorated with flat-relief plaster plaster. The furniture is decorated with stylized floral ornaments; sluggish, drawn, wavy outlines prevail in it. The architects in one piece combined architecture, plastic, painting, arts and crafts in a magical unity. Functional zoning is introduced. Decorating interiors achieves incredible sophistication. The shape of windows, doors, stairs is infinitely varied. The fluidity of rhythms, colors and textures stands out and achieves tremendous expressiveness. Ceramic cladding, wrought iron, window and door floristic stained glass are often used.

The main principles of modernism are design and function. “A house is a machine for living,” the famous saying of the architect Le Corbusier characterizes this style very accurately. The founders of modernism worked in different directions. They created skyscrapers or, for example, developed bionic architecture as close to nature as possible. In modern design, they often refer to the style of a particular architect of that period than, in fact, to modernism.

Modern has always been a style that promotes individuality. The interior in the Art Nouveau style is characterized by generous picturesqueness, painted elements, plasticity of furniture forms, special methods of decoration, the presence of iconic details and fragments. Easily recognizable features of Art Nouveau are smooth, flowing into each other lines, repeating the perfection of natural plant forms. The sophistication of the interior decoration is achieved due to the color and texture of the facings, due to the artistic expressiveness of the decors, with the help of wrought iron, window and door stained-glass windows.

In the design of the walls, both wallpaper (in the traditional version - a pattern with a vertical stripe), more often vinyl, with a rich texture, and various types of decorative plasters are used. Sometimes a combination of materials is used in interiors, for example, the upper part of the walls can be covered with silk or painted with paint, and the lower one is lined with wood panels of the same species as the furniture. The tree can often be found in the design of the ceiling.

Floor coverings today represent a much richer palette than a hundred years ago. However, the aesthetics have largely remained the same: wood planks, demonstrating the natural beauty of natural materials, parquet flooring with characteristic curved elements in the Art Nouveau style and, of course, floor tiles - picturesque or, on the contrary, monochrome, skillfully aged and conveying the flavor of the era.

The decoration of the room must contain “… tables and chairs with curved legs; the main upholstery material for upholstered furniture is satin and silk. Colors are dim, muted, better than midtones. Light green and lilac shades are especially popular. Pearl gray colors, as well as rich gold and ocher are characteristic. On the whole, the furnishings may resemble the atmosphere of a decadent salon at the beginning of the century, with a muted shimmer of silver and a mother-of-pearl shine ”39.

The Art Nouveau style is characterized by new technical and constructive means, free layout, stylized floral pattern, flexible flowing lines, asymmetric forms. Structural elements of buildings and furniture are hidden by smooth transitions, undulating continuous lines of the decor. All interior elements seem to be connected into a single whole by plastic bends. Art Nouveau is characterized by pastel, delicate colors of ashy, smoky, pale pink, complex blue and green shades. The decor uses plant motifs. One of the symbols of the style is the stylized iris flower. Modernism is the style of Silver Age poetry.

Art Deco - the first style of the new era of the twentieth century, inheriting all the desire for innovation of Modernity.

This style combines the exoticism of Art Nouveau and the technical aesthetics of the twenties, lightness and elegance of decor. Characteristic features: rounded corners, strict vertical lines, decorative elements (images of zigzags, circles, sun). Art Deco is trying to absorb the speed and pressure of the coming age of machines. Common materials include exotic woods, plastic laminate, chrome and stainless steel.

Unlike the ascetic aesthetics of the 20s of the last century, now it is a style of luxury, wealth, and technical achievements, quite traditional expensive materials and quality of finishing are equal in it - both are valuable because they are simply very expensive.

Art Deco quickly gained recognition. This style is back in fashion these days. The luxurious, exquisitely elegant, elite style of transatlantic liners presupposes the use of expensive finishing materials, geometric shapes and sophisticated furniture finishing. Style Art Deco Is a mixture of elements of Egyptian art, American Indian exotic and African primitive art. Stylish luxury interiors of ocean liners and luxury hotels are the standard of style. Furniture styles are characterized by the use of decorative elements in the form of zigzags, circles, triangles, suns. The color scheme uses rich brown tones, ivory, all shades of gold.

Art Deco is a style that uses a variety of decorative elements in the interior, bright and bold and at the same time exclusively selected color combinations, capable of changing along with the imagination of a designer who creates his own interior.

Style postmodernism emerged as a reaction to modernism in the late 60s of the XX century. Its characteristic features are complex curvilinear shapes and volumes that imitate a dynamic living structure. The style allows for a chaotic and illogical pile-up of elements, sudden breaks, illusory instability, sloping walls, furniture made of unexpected materials. Now this style is often used in the hospitality industry. The only condition for its perception is that a person who uses a building designed in this style should easily get used to optical nonsense.

High tech (translated from English - high technology). This style, as it were, reflects the modern pace of time. It is characterized by the use of modern polymeric materials, glass and metal. The style is a modern modification of technicalism. High-tech is distinguished from the previous stages by super-technicalism. Building structures, engineering systems and equipment develop into a decorative and theatrical structure with elements of exaggeration and sometimes irony. The use of metal structures and glass, as well as elements of engineering equipment, distinguishes high-tech. Practicality and functionality rule here. Favorite colors: silver, white, black; materials: metal, glass, pipes.

The high-tech style is called the style of the rationalists; the interior in this style is always distinguished by the utmost severity, laconism of forms. Here, the principle of the formation of the environment is traditionally based on prefabricated technical parts, glass, metal and concrete, as well as various plastics and other artificial coatings.

In a practical sense, in today's interior, this style has no strict preferences. In contrast to the unambiguous prohibitions on decorative excesses in the form of, for example, artistic parquets, floral wallpaper, stucco decorations, borders, floral patterns, etc.

High-tech interiors are distinguished by clarity. Wall, floor and ceiling surfaces are perfectly smooth and clean. Furniture, fabrics, dishes and other accessories also meet the basic requirements: practicality, lack of decor, clear geometric shapes. “All metal elements and fittings are correspondingly shiny. In a high-tech interior, everything light is appropriate, in particular, furniture that resembles an office. Chairs, armchairs and sofas - made of plastic, chrome-plated metal and leatherette ”40.

In addition to general lighting, high-tech style is used by numerous wall and floor, mounted in furniture and spotlights, rail and other lamps, as well as light sources on brackets, cables and all kinds of other structures. The forms are simple. It is based on ergonomics and functionality.

In this style, paper and tissue napkins are used, made using modern technologies, which are hygienic and comfortable. Cutlery of new modern shapes is made of metal combined with colored plastic. The characteristic features of the style are a large amount of metal, glass and plastic in the interior, bright acid colors, open communications and fasteners, emphasized technical markings. This is the style of the latest technical advances and the focus is on them. Technological, functional, but rather cold, robotic style.

Country style - originated in America at the beginning of the last century. Translated from English "country" means "village". This style is characterized by nostalgia for a quiet village life, for everyday life, which is characterized by naturalness and simplicity, the absence of pretentiousness. Cowboy motifs, plaid fabrics or small flowers, etc. are very popular. The color scheme is restrained: shades of greenish, beige, various brown tones can be combined with red and green inclusions.

The country style is characterized by multicolor, but not bright, but rather thick, juicy, slightly muffled. The color scheme is dominated by natural, more often light and pastel colors. Color balance is important. If, for example, light blue and light beige are combined in the upholstery of furniture, then it is better to choose light pastel colors for wallpaper, carpet, curtains, tablecloths.

If the walls and all large surfaces of the interior are designed in the same range, you can focus on accessories, of which there are quite a few in country. Some designers believe that primary colors should be combined with green.

Country is an ecological style. And hence - natural building and finishing materials. For the floor - paving with tiles or decorative stone, massive wooden floorboards, for example, natural or painted pine. “For walls - decorative plaster, or a combination of fragments of plastered walls with partially preserved stone or brickwork. Or, again, wood, with light colors. For wall decoration, paper wallpapers are also suitable - with a naive floral pattern, dim and subtle ”41.

Unpretentious, homely and very cozy country style, symbolizes stability and reliability, is intended to convey the spirit of village life, where sophistication is mixed with the practicality of a family lifestyle.

This style is homely and cozy, deliberately focused on the good old days. Within the framework of this style, environmentally friendly materials are used: wood, rough stone, ceramics, vine, birch bark, etc. and complex colors of the natural range. In Russia, this style is called "rustic". Currently, country style is popular in the design of mini-hotels.

Ecostyle. The main motto of eco-style is ecological. This is a new modern style. The desire to create a special atmosphere of unity with nature is achieved by the execution of natural materials, natural colors. The use of fresh flowers and dried flowers, compositions from them, accessories of their wood, clay, amber, birch bark, etc. is characteristic.

The eco-style shows the desire for a fuller, deeper and more comprehensive fusion with nature. Sustainability is the main principle, which, according to the architects, should form the basis of a new type of housing. Maximum use of natural materials, not decorating structural elements, simple painting of walls, winter garden on the balcony, etc. The essence of this style is determined by a specific way of transforming the ideal into material, ideal images into a specific material form, which ultimately ensures a person's constant striving for the highest good, a perfect spiritual state.

Fusion style - mixing different styles is a modern fashion trend. For example, classicism in combination with other styles forms a unity of design and harmony. For example, authentic antiques or national culture items can coexist with high-tech ultra-modern high-tech accessories.

The fusion style is often called the most current trend in music, cooking, interior design ... - in general, in everything. This trend is briefly defined as a combination of the incompatible: old and new, East and West, high art and kitsch.

The English word "fusion" is translated as "fusion" or "fusion". If we talk about external forms, then fusion involves a combination of seemingly incongruous (or considered as such), extraordinary solutions that go beyond the generally accepted and familiar. The fusion of cultures, technologies, styles, worldviews and pastimes is the main sign of modernity and this trend.

The 19th century combined with modernity a sense of the end of another historical era and the need to take stock, without forgetting or denying anything. Hence the desire to combine in one interior as many techniques as possible from different styles and trends, a mixture of modernity and retro motives, new materials, cold technological things and hand-made, made in a single copy of objects. Unlike eclecticism, fusion not only unites elements of different styles in one space much more freely, but also creates its own new style on their basis.

Fusion most vividly expresses the worldview of a person with a broad outlook, familiar with the culture and history of different countries and eras. Interior details should be combined not by origin and color, but by “love marriage”. Only feelings for a particular piece of furniture are taken into account. Fusion organizes the space so that you can travel through eras and continents without leaving your home.

This style is turning into a rapidly gaining popularity direction of modern design, because it promises previously unheard of freedom. It used to be considered something unthinkable to combine blue and black, red and brown, but now it's completely normal.

There is no need to think about the purity of the style, the designer is free not to adhere to the established canons and dogmas. You can actively combine heavy classic furniture and high-tech organza curtains in one interior. Feel free to push upholstered furniture out of the corners and place it in the center of the room. At the same time, expensive exclusive collections coexist calmly with the most massive models. On the walls, next to reproductions of masterpieces of art, amateurish photographs can coexist, “blank” walls turn into a real museum exposition with a postmodern portal.

Fusion offers everything without denying anything. Today it is possible and necessary to mix classic and modern furniture, things old and new, expensive and not so much, and add objects that are definitely not suitable for anything, but beloved. The cost of an item in this style is irrelevant. Creating a good interior has always cost a lot of money. And creating fusion is very simple, the main thing is to have a sense of taste.

Thus, this style is great for self-expression, since it reveals the owner's individual approach to creating an interior, taking into account only private taste, and not some rules and settings.

Ethnic styles used in national styles (Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Indian, etc.) play a huge role in creating an original national atmosphere.

Most often, ethnicity is understood as the style of Africa, India, Morocco, Indonesia, China. The stylistic features depend on the selected country. Common features include a rich color scheme, an abundance of national pieces of furniture, accessories and symbols, including handmade items. If we are talking about India, the interior should have carved wood, images of elephants, saris. If the theme of Morocco is chosen, then saturated colors, painting, stained glass lamps will be present. China - images of dragons, characteristic painting, black and red, azure colors - gold decor. It is difficult for a European to live in such a house all the time, but for entertaining public spaces it is an excellent choice.

Indian style Is a combination of luxury, gold, sophistication and fine taste with asceticism, modesty, simplicity of lines and forms. A cocktail of ornaments, flowers, patterns and textures, magnificent carved and inlaid furniture reflect the Indian style.

India is a country of spices, spices, aromas of cinnamon, sandalwood, cloves, cardamom, a country where the spiritual side of life means everything, where faith and religion are the basis of the order and organization of all life. Indian style - these are turquoise, crimson, orange colors, and they are completely unique in their own way. Indian silk is not as smooth and slippery to the touch as Chinese, it is a little rough. Indian-style furniture, low, hand-cut from very durable teak wood. Sofas and beds should be soft and comfortable, inviting to sleep. Three or four pieces of furniture are quite enough for the basis of an interior in Indian style, but they should be combined in color. A characteristic feature is the easy transformation of the details of the house: chairs and tables, screens, shutters and doors often "change roles". “Typical materials: wood, ivory, mother of pearl, silver, brass, forged metal, feathers. Techniques: enamel, forging, chasing, carving, inlay "42.

Recently, it has gained great popularity in Russia Scandinavian style. It is not surprising. For our climatic conditions, it fits perfectly. The characteristic affordable and comfortable furniture also played an important role. Other features inherent in the style are the use of light wood, all kinds of shades of white, pistachio green, light blue with bright red accents. Abundance of light, natural finishing materials, soft colors, functionality - all these are the components of a cozy and comfortable interior without unnecessary frills and shocking.

Thus, design in our time has become an all-encompassing concept that covers various areas of our lives. The design language has become a universal medium. Design surrounds us everywhere, it has become an everyday concept. The world around us puts before us the problems of choosing things that are based not only on functional, but also on aesthetic qualities. People more and more often buy new things, not giving the old ones an opportunity to survive. Design is an important part of our life. Designers, trying to meet the needs, are looking for more and more new forms, while often turning to historically formed styles, looking for inspiration. Classic motives find themselves in new forms. Such close attention to the past, however, has always accompanied the designer. For example, in the nineteenth century, historical styles played a major role in art. In our time, styles from the past have become our "present", but now more and more often it is not about one particular style, but about their symbiosis and competent fusion. Modern designers take into account the wisdom of the past and the technical innovations of the present in search of the future. "Old" styles in a new understanding play with bright colors, discovering new facets. In this work, the authors tried to create a fundamental understanding of "style" as a concept, and to give an idea of ​​the existing styles. This topic seems relevant to the authors, since the word "style" has become very often used, but not everyone who pronounces understands its deep meaning.

In everyday life, a person speaks two languages: colloquial - used daily and literary. Likewise, in design, there are various style parameters that are actually closely related. The authors argue that there is no "exemplary" style, since the style changes daily, just as the needs of a person change. "Style or stylization" is a generalized image of means of artistic expression, conditioned by the unity of creative techniques. It is possible to talk about the styles of the eras. You can discuss the individual style of a person, the style of the interior, and all these conversations will be about style. The author concludes that it is legitimate to speak not only about historically established styles, but also about individual ones. I would also like to note that it is not correct to define clear boundaries, both between styles and between eras.

Historical styles can be used in different ways when creating a hotel interior in terms of depth and authenticity:

Accurate and deep use of style, avoiding any historical inaccuracies, deviations from traditions and rules.

Less profound use of style, allowing creative interpretation, which is expressed in the harmonious blending of some architectural elements and typical details of this style into any other interior.

The use of only individual accessories or decorative elements that affect the overall impression of the interior.

Thus, this is no longer a style, but a kind of artistic stylization. The greatest difficulty in the design of the hotel's interior is precisely the choice of style. Indeed, despite the fairly free interpretation of design approaches, which is widespread throughout the world today, no one denies the fact that it is not worth combining ethno dwelling style and a new urban style, elegant expressionism and shocking avant-garde under one roof. Everything should be in moderation, and everything should look organic and thoughtful, taking into account not only the nature of the institution, but also the part of the world, the country and even the city in which the hotel is located.

Hardly anyone will like the colorless interior. And the very concept - "colorless interior" - is nonsense, that is, nonsense. Therefore, color in the interior is perhaps its most important element.

Color and style

The color scheme of any room, be it an apartment, private household, office or store, is primarily selected depending on the style of this room. Based on the style, you should plan the color combinations of the interior - sharp contrasts or smooth transitions, bright solutions or pastel colors.

Let's take one of the most modern styles - hi-tech. Its progenitors are pop art and minimalism, which do not at all contradict the use of bright colors and sharp contrasts, and pop art even welcomes just such color solutions. Therefore, hi-tech is most often built on color contrast.

If we look at the classic interior, then here it is better to avoid a sharp change in color, and not only it. The space in a classic interior should, as it were, open up, flow smoothly from one volume to another, so it would be wrong to use sharp contrasts here. This also applies to other elements of the classic interior. Therefore, the classics do not accept, for example, height differences or.

Color - warm and cold

Coloring is the interaction of colors and shades, their consistency with each other. It can be selected both for the entire apartment as a whole, and separately for each room.

The color can be warm or cold, with well-defined colors in mind. Warm colors - all colors and shades of fire: from golden yellow to brown. Cold - colors and shades of sky and water: green, gray, blue, etc. The comfort and coziness depends on which color scheme is chosen, or vice versa, the cold and discomfort of your home.

Warm colors make the room more welcoming and cozy, but visually diminish it. Cool colors increase the space, but make it colder and more formal.

Primary colors - red, blue, yellow

Blue is the color of calm and tranquility. At the same time, shades of blue are a cool spectrum, which makes them useful for use in small spaces. For example, decorating the ceiling in light blue tones creates a visual sense that the room has become taller and more spacious. A room decorated with blue color always looks noble and elegant.

Yellow color is very intense and rich in its pure form. It is better not to use it as is, but add, for example, a little purple tone, otherwise the room will seem too bright. Any shade of yellow is perfect for.

It should be said about the two most neutral colors - white and black. A pure black and white interior is quite acceptable, but only for an amateur. It is better to use these colors as small blotches among the rest of the variety of shades.

Visual effects of color

At the stage of interior design, it is difficult for a non-professional to determine how a particular color will look in the complex. Therefore, here are some tips to help you choose the color scheme yourself.

Light walls expand the space, make the room taller and wider. Accordingly, dark walls will visually narrow the room.

If the ceiling is decorated in a lighter color scheme than the walls, then it will appear taller. If the walls are lighter than the ceiling, then the room appears lower.

Do not be afraid to make the color scheme of the walls and ceiling too monotonous, because in order to revive the interior, there are many techniques. For example, lampshades, other draperies, if decorated with a color that contrasts with the main color scheme of the room, can significantly enliven the interior.

Color and dwellers

For example, to expand the space in, you can use blue lights. We remember that blue is included in the cold color range, and accordingly, it enlarges the space. In addition, blue is the color not only of the sky, but also of water, and water dominates the bathroom.

The relaxation area can be illuminated with soft green light. Green, as a color from a cold scale, will also expand the space, and its natural nature (for the pun, I beg your pardon) contributes to a pleasant stay.

Colored local illumination of individual interior elements - a floor vase or a figurine, in a word, something that is pleasant to pay attention to - will look beautiful.

Harmony of color and shape

These are two inextricably linked concepts. To create a sense of harmony of color and shape in the interior, it is necessary to create an unobtrusive and simple repetition of the contour or pattern.

For a simple example, imagine that there is an oval rug on the floor. Against its background, a rectangular coffee table will look somehow wrong, there will be no harmony. A round or oval table will look much better.

The interior usually includes a lot of various elements, unless of course it's rigid minimalism. And here there is a law: the smaller the size of a single element, the more it should stand out against the background of the interior as a whole. And the simplest thing is to create this contrast with color. At the same time, of course, one should not forget about the harmonious combination of colors in the interior.

Color and psychology

It is customary to distinguish four psychotypes of a person: choleric, phlegmatic, sanguine and melancholic. It is known that each of the psychological types prefers a certain color scheme. Choleric people like red, phlegmatic people prefer green, sanguine people are more comfortable in yellow colors, and for melancholic people prefer blue.

At the same time, here we are talking not only about the conscious perception of color, but more even about the subconscious. It often happens that a person's consciousness likes, for example, red, but his subconscious is more comfortable surrounded by blue. Most likely, such a person has a melancholic psychological type, and his environment at home, in the country, at work should be decorated in blue colors. After all, the subconscious of a person has a much greater influence on inner comfort than consciousness. And what, if not mental comfort, helps us go through life with our heads held high, achieve our goals and, in the end, remain happy.

Antique style - an interior that is directly related to the culture of ancient Greece and Rome. Antiquity is an image of a Greek column striving upward, towards light and perfection. The symbolism of the Antique style is obvious and recognizable. First of all, it is the museum's nobility of the interior presented. Timeless classics that will never go out of style, endless spatial unity that unites other typical solutions. In order to add a touch of the Antique style to the interior, it is not enough to decorate the room with a portico with two marble columns, it is important that this nuance emanates a sense of nobility and completeness. Antique style is usually very self-sufficient and does not need any decorations.

Vanguard

Avant-garde is a style that abandons classical, traditional canons and creates new modern forms that are consonant with the mood prevailing in society. The fundamental style is color and shape, which must contrast with each other. In general, contrast is one of the main features of the Avant-garde style. It should be noted that in this style, completely incompatible objects and materials can be combined. The basis of the Avant-garde style is color and form, in which contrast is certainly added. The style is distinguished by bright and pure colors such as white, black, red, yellow, green. It is allowed to use several contrasting colors in one room at the same time. This is believed to add dynamism and expression to the interior.

Empire style

This interior style is the highest point, and at the same time the final chord of classicism that emerged in the second half of the 18th century. In the era of the Napoleonic Empire, classicism is reborn into the official, imposed from above style - the Empire style. The essence of this style was frankly expressed already in its very name: empire - from the French "empiere", empire. Quoting the Roman classics, the Empire absorbed its characteristic features, combining the features of Ancient Greece and Rome, adding to them ancient Egyptian motifs. The style of the interior of the aristocracy, which does not go out of fashion to this day, shines with its luxury and wealth.

Art Deco

Art Deco is the style of the stars, these are rounded, “streamlined” forms of furniture, chrome handles on wooden furniture facades, sculptural compositions of female figures in expressive, almost unnatural poses, and exotic natural materials in decoration - ivory, snake skin, stingray skin or a crocodile. Art Deco is characterized by the use of different elements of interior decor. These are bright, bold, sometimes daring, original color combinations. Art Deco interior design is a group of separately taken stylish items: furniture, ceramics, fabrics, wood or bronze products - the latest chic style of European capitals.

Art Nouveau, Art Nouveau

The slogan is “back to nature.” Characteristic features are a wave-like curved line that combines the influences of the East and the desire for constructiveness. The intricately curved lines of the decor visually merge with the elements of the building structure. In the decoration, much attention is paid to a stylized plant pattern, flexible flowing forms, which turned metal structures into bizarre thickets of fantastic flowers. The symbol of the style is the sophisticated form of a cyclamen flower, "water" plants of irises, lilies, and algae. Stylized plant and animal forms with softly curved, movable lines, flat and not shading, due to which they are far from naturalism or historicism - most likely similar to late Gothic forms and Japanese painting.

Baroque

Baroque is a palace style. The eternal youth of the style is simply explained, at all times, elements that emphasize abundance and luxury were in demand. The Baroque style became the embodiment of its era. For the first time in the history of art, Baroque combined two concepts - style and way of life. Sensual-bodily joy of being, tragic conflicts form the basis of beauty and a source of inspiration for style. In interior design, Baroque strives for grandeur, splendor, spatial scope. Excessively lush and abundant in the richness of the finishes, the variety of materials used and the style that is complex in execution.

Biedermeier

Biedermeier is an offshoot of romanticism, which replaced the Empire style, therefore it is sometimes called “a mixture of Empire style with romanticism.” Biedermeier style interiors are characterized by intimacy, balance of proportions, simplicity of forms and light colors. The premises were light and airy, which is why the interior was perceived to be moderately simple, but psychologically comfortable. The walls of rooms with deep window niches were painted in white or other light colors, and pasted over with embossed striped wallpaper. The pattern on the window curtains and upholstery was the same. These cloth interior details were colored and contained drawings of flowers.

Victorian style

The British call the Victorian period briefly: “victorianism” and believe that in aesthetics it meant the triumph of pragmatism and materialism, which, incidentally, is generally characteristic of the “English style”. The characteristic features of the Victorian style are eclecticism, combining Gothic, Rococo, exotic and classic. Exotic at that time meant Indian and Chinese styles. In addition, the Victorian style is a combination of unsurpassed quality and old, classic canons.

Gothic

Gothic is mainly an architectural style, but in interior design it is also characterized by very significant differences from other styles, its own and incomparable "face": huge windows, multicolored stained-glass windows, lighting effects. Giant openwork towers, emphasized verticality of all structural elements. Characteristic elements in interior design are slender columns, intricate vaults, openwork ornaments, rose-shaped windows and pointed vaults, leaded window panes, made of convex glass, but without curtains. surpassing all existing Gothic designs overcome the bulkiness of the stone. As a result of this, the main features can be considered irrationalism, dematerialization, striving upward, mysticism, lightness, expressiveness.

Constructivism

Constructivism in the interior is characterized by the aesthetics of expediency, the rationality of strictly utilitarian forms, cleared of the romantic decorativeism of Art Nouveau. Furniture of simple, strict, comfortable forms is created. The function and purpose of each item are very clear. No bourgeois excesses. Simplicity is brought to the limit, to such a simplification, when things - chairs, beds, wardrobes - become just objects for sleeping, sitting. A distinctive feature of the Constructivist Style in interior design is thoughtful functional solutions and strict adherence to their requirements, compact volumes with a clearly identified frame, technical clarity of building an architectural form.

Classicism

Classicism is a palace style created specifically for the decoration of palace premises and chambers of noble people. The main feature of the architecture of classicism was the appeal to the forms of ancient architecture as a standard of harmony, simplicity, rigor, logical clarity and monumentality. Classicism is characterized by clear geometric shapes, restrained decor and expensive, high-quality materials (natural wood, stone, silk, etc.). The most common decorations are sculptures and stucco molding. Monumental sophistication, majesty, solidity, decoration in noble colors - these are the signs by which the classic style of the interior is recognized.

Neoclassicism

Neoclassicism, as an aesthetic trend and architectural style, is determined by the appeal to antiquity, which it took from the classicism that preceded it. In a word, neoclassicism is a modern completion of classicism at that time. Distinctive features of neoclassicism are elegance, lightness, and straightforwardness. Neoclassicism is the antithesis of the Art Nouveau style, which was too rich in decorative elements.

Mannerism

The art of Mannerism as a whole is characterized by the primacy of form over content. Refined technique, virtuosity of manner, demonstration of skill does not correspond to the paucity of design, secondary and imitative ideas. Mannerism is positioned as a transitional style from classical massive, monumental forms in the decor of Renaissance interiors to a new style that promotes splendor and grandeur, luxury and pathos - style of Baroque. Mannerism is characterized by: elongation of figures, tension of postures (contropost), unusual or bizarre effects associated with size, lighting or perspective, and bright colors.

Modern

Distinctive features of the Modern style are: the rejection of straight lines and angles in favor of more natural, "natural" lines, interest in new technologies (especially in architecture), the flourishing of applied art. The Modern style seeks to combine the artistic and utilitarian functions of the created works, involving all spheres of human activity in the sphere of beauty. The main principle of the Modern style is dynamic balance, embodied in streamlined flexible forms. Modern furniture is simple and functional. Cabinet furniture for various purposes - wardrobes, chests of drawers, shelves - could be rectangular, but with the obligatory "aesthetics": matte glazing, elegant fittings. There was also a hint of curved lines in the bends of the armrests and the drawing of the legs of upholstered furniture, often the frames repeated the interweaving of plant branches, the shapes of the bodies of animals or insects. The finishing materials of the decor - wallpaper, textiles, were generously decorated with images of stylized flowers, leaves, birds, insects.

Renaissance

The characteristic features of the Renaissance interior are large rooms with rounded arches, carved wood trim, intrinsic value and relative independence of each individual detail, from which the whole is assembled. Deep perspective, proportionality, harmony of forms are mandatory requirements of the Renaissance aesthetics. The nature of the interior space is largely determined by vaulted ceilings, the smooth lines of which are repeated in numerous semicircular niches. The Renaissance color scheme is soft, the halftones pass into each other, no contrasts, complete harmony. Nothing catches your eye.

Roman style

The main elements of the Romanesque style: relief plane, laconicism and simplicity; colors: brown, red, green, white, gray, black; barrel, semicircular, straight, horizontal and vertical lines; rectangular and cylindrical shapes; semicircular frieze, repeating geometric or floral pattern ; halls with open ceiling beams and supports in the center; stone, massive, thick-walled structures; castle and knightly themes - torches, armor, coats of arms, battles, weapons.

Rococo

Rococo is a sophisticated and sophisticated style of the early eighteenth century. The characteristic features of the Rococo style interior are sophistication, a large decorative load of interiors and compositions, graceful ornament, great attention to mythology, erotic situations, comfort, the creation of an illusory world filled with an atmosphere of warmth, coziness, comfort and grace. The color of the Rococo interior is dominated by gentle pastel colors. The most popular color combinations are white with blue, green or pink and, of course, gold. Movable screens appear in interiors that visually change the space; tapestries with images of flowers, pagodas, people in Chinese clothes; famous Chinese porcelain, exquisite orchids, slender trees, aquarium fish, as well as fine lacquered furniture by Chinese craftsmen, as if created for the Rococo.

Eclecticism

Eclecticism in the interior is a combination of furniture of two or three different styles, united by color, texture, architectural solution. This style absorbs all the best features and details of various styles and together create a holistic and harmonious picture. The eclectic style is often called the dialogue of several different cultures. Most often, close historical styles are mixed, for example, classicism and empire, baroque and modern. Compositions come out in which things are harmoniously combined in the interior, without contradicting each other.

Expressionism

The very name of the expressionism style suggests an emotional (of course, in a positive sense) interior. The most important thing when creating a style of expressionism in the interior is to impress the people present in the room, and it does not matter whether this impression is positive or negative. Expressionism is characterized by an emphasized emotional expressiveness of the composition, sometimes achieved due to the sharpness, grotesque, deliberate deformation of the usual architectural forms. or even abandoning them with the formation of a composition according to the principles of sculpture.

English style

Traditional English style is an eclecticism of “aromas” of different eras, which today we perceive as classics. The main principle of the English interior: rich and restrained. If we take moderate luxury on the verge of sophistication, a sense of taste and measure, we get a pure English style. The English style in the interior can be characterized by such concepts as respectability and luxury, in a word it is the classic style of the interior with the addition of luxury. This style is reminiscent of the castles of the English aristocrats - noble, majestic. As a memory of the colonial past - in some places there are shades of Indian and Chinese styles.

African style

African style in the interior is dynamic and energetic, it is not intended to create an atmosphere of peace. It turns on, gives strength and energy. Currently, the African style is one of the most popular and sought-after ethnic styles. The main distinguishing characteristics of the African style are impulsiveness, mystery, as well as childlike spontaneity and simplicity. In other words, all these qualities create a contrast with the high-tech style, characterized by rationality and urbanism, and other styles that imply solidity and patriarchy.

East style

The oriental style interior includes several main components: Japanese interior, Indian interior, Chinese interior. All these interiors belong to the East. However, there are stylistic features that unite each direction of design of oriental interiors: materials - wood, bamboo, reed, metal, silk - any natural material; colors - rich bright or natural, multicolor; forms - fluid, like desert sands or a river, simplicity combined with pretentiousness; decoration - inlays, carving, varnish. Complex techniques, intricate ornaments, an abundance of decorations.

Egyptian style

Egyptian style in the interior is, first of all, the interior of the pharaohs and high priests, a sense of the wealth and luxury of an ancient civilization. The interior of houses in the Egyptian style is rich and colorful. Luxurious columns support the ceiling, frescoes decorate the walls, carpets and curtains complete the interior decoration. Egyptian style, calm symmetry and strict geometry, natural wood furniture of simple open designs, chest-bench veneered with cedar or ebony, inlaid with stones and mother-of-pearl. A reed mat on the floor, a figurine of a cat and a bust of Nefertiti, hookahs. Artistic images, despite the sacred attitude towards them, are highly stylized and symbolic. Legs of furniture in the shape of animal paws.

Indian style

Indian style is a combination of luxury, gold, sophistication and fine taste with asceticism, modesty, simplicity of lines and forms. A cocktail of ornaments, flowers, patterns and textures, magnificent carved and inlaid furniture reflect the Indian style. The Indian style is turquoise, crimson, orange, and completely unique in its kind. Indian silk is not as smooth and slippery to the touch as Chinese, a little rough. The furniture in Indian houses is low, hand-cut from a very durable teak wood. Sofas and beds should be soft and comfortable, inviting to sleep. Three or four pieces of furniture are quite enough for the basis of an interior in Indian style, but they must be matched in color. A characteristic feature is an easy transformation of the details of the house: chairs and tables, screens, shutters and doors often "change roles". Characteristic materials: wood - teak , ivory, mother of pearl, silver, brass, forged metal, feathers. Techniques: enamel, forging, embossing, carving, inlay.

Chinese style

The main elements of the Chinese style: sharp, straight lines, sharp corners, clear polygonal shapes are undesirable; the shape of the furniture remains unchanged for centuries and is important in the interior no less than the harmonious arrangement of all elements: black lacquered furniture is a "classic" of Chinese furniture production, for decorations are very often used carving on black lacquer, as well as gilding of individual pieces of furniture; key materials are bamboo, silk and an abundance of draperies, and in addition, ceramics - vases, statues, dishes; great attention in the Chinese interior is paid to color - the combination of colors and semantic the load of each hotel is characterized by a bright color scheme: red, black, blue, yellow, green, etc.; traditional Chinese decor: calligraphy, lacquer paintings, sculptural decorations from natural stone and famous Chinese porcelain, natural Chinese carpets with a characteristic pattern.

Colonial style

The colonial-style interior carries an incredible amount of exoticism so beloved by modern people; mainly furniture and decor items. The colonial style is Asian walnut, reddish Chinese, rubber and tulip trees, yew and rattan palm - this is an incomplete list of species that are used in order to more accurately convey the colonial style in interior design. Colonial style is emphasized by sturdy rattan furniture that can withstand any climatic conditions. The Colonial style makes the water hyacinth wicker furniture stand out tremendously, giving it strength and durability. Bamboo furniture is a colonial style, but it is very rarely found in its pure form, mainly reed is combined with leather or rattan.

Moroccan style

The Moroccan style in interior design, in addition to the architectural and spatial solution, emphasizes the contrast of blue-turquoise colors and the range of terracotta (traditional colors of natural pigments of the city of Marrakech), as well as the abundance of oriental elements of interior decor: handmade carpets, brass jugs, water flasks, furniture in oriental style, metal cut-through lamps from Morocco. Characteristic features - the finest wood carving, stucco and mosaic from ceramic tiles, an abundance of carpets and other original textiles. The main emphasis is the widespread use of African ornaments.

Mexican style

The style of Mexican architecture is inextricably linked with nature. Just as the very popular bright red pigment here is made from oil and local clay. The characteristic palette is strong and bright colors borrowed from the sky, the moon and the sun, as well as the colors of various plants, trees, flowers.In Mexican architecture, flora plays an important role: shady palms create whimsical ornaments of shadows and the grace of tones. only on the facade of the building, but also in the interior. Fine fabrics, pottery, exquisite furniture made by local craftsmen are rich in color, rich in texture and varied, as varied as the palette of colors of the local flora. The color combinations typical for Mexico (pink and orange, blue and green) seem to hurt the eye, but are closely related to the drama of the general architectural design.

Provence

Provence is one of the most organic and authentic styles. That is, such an interior looks good at home, without breaking away from the national soil. The basis of the Provencal style is slightly worn surfaces, old furniture, uneven plastered walls, faded fabrics, that is, a general feeling of poverty and inconspicuousness. The Provencal interior does not tolerate anything "too much" and nothing pretentious, the effect is achieved through a pair of correct items - a wicker chair or a wrought-iron candlestick against the background of a bright wall. The Provence style is good primarily in a country house, since it requires space and roughly plastered walls.

Scandinavian style

Laconism and beauty of forms, the use of natural materials, comfort and functionality - these are the main components of the Scandinavian style, which is gaining more and more popularity. It is characterized by light, delicate and graceful details of structures made of multi-layered trees. The Scandinavian style has absorbed such features as restraint and some severity. Therefore, interiors in the Scandinavian style contain a minimum of decor and are made in light natural colors from simple and natural materials, but at the same time, this style cannot be denied originality. In the Scandinavian style, we find calm and orderliness. The general color of the interiors is light, as it were, watercolors, with a large number of warm tones: yellow, milky white, light terracotta. All furniture of this style is made of natural wood. Usually these are light deciduous species, less often spruce or pine. The naturalness of the material is also conveyed to the shape of the interior items.

Mediterranean style

The Mediterranean style is close to anyone who has at least once been to warm European countries and is familiar with the romantic atmosphere. Congestion and pathos are alien to the Mediterranean style. Mediterranean-inspired interiors are built around a relaxed mix of antique marble fittings with ceramics, wrought-iron furnishings and exposed, brightly colored wood. The atmosphere is completed with typical fruit motifs, blue and white checks in textiles and decor with a nautical theme. Primary colors: muted “earth colors”, white, grayish black, earthy and blue shades. No luxury - simplicity and practicality. Interiors in Mediterranean style reflect the proximity of the inhabitants to the sea and the lush vegetation of the coast; they have a lot of wood, cotton, ceramics and other natural materials.The style has a lot in common with English country, so it perfectly takes root in an old building, and in any modern private house.

Japanese style

The popularity of the Japanese style in the interior has earned its functionality, elegance and uniqueness of style solutions. Japanese-style interior design is closely related to natural materials, colors and compositions. The best continuation of such an interior is a natural landscape. Japanese style is distinguished by impeccable color combinations and laconic forms. This is a minimalist and decorative style in which nothing overloads the attention, the space is structured calmly and clearly. In a geographically small, overpopulated country, space is especially valued, which is why the interior arrangement of the premises minimizes furniture and other usual attributes of the house in order to compensate for its deficit. The Japanese have a special relationship with nature, so the Japanese style is associated with natural colors, mainly in light colors: shades of beige, white, cream, milky. Restrained light colors are typical for Japanese furniture. The surface of furniture and walls is smooth, not textured. The fabrics are also cream and white, mostly natural: cotton and silk. In the Land of the Rising Sun, the resting place is located in the center of the room.

Bungalow

The art of bungalow-style décor is often associated with the tradition of decorating classic American bungalows. Functionality and space are key to these cozy, low-ceilinged cabins, with a bungalow-style home featuring a large porch and shared backyard. The bungalows are decorated with natural local materials and natural colors. The missionary style has greatly influenced the design of the bungalow. The bungalows are dominated by elegant rustic décor.

Grunge

In such an interior there is neither pretentious luxury nor deliberate rural negligence. The basis of grunge is classic, but without lush baroque vignettes and coldish architectural classicism. Furniture in this style is, rather, a prototype of a real classic, a neat copy, deliberately devoid of intricate carving and decor. A light imprint of time on objects, slightly tarnished metal on fittings, full-time teak furniture (glazed cabinets, shelves, consoles), comfortable soft sofas and armchairs on round wooden legs, family portraits on the walls - it's all grunge.

Country

The main features of country as an interior style are simplicity, lack of pretentious decorations and, as a result, high functionality. It should also be noted that the country style is characterized by coziness, comfort and a share of romanticism. In addition, country music helps to improve the mood and adjusts to spend your free time pleasantly, especially with family, friends and acquaintances. Country style harmoniously combines rustic simplicity and the flavor of different countries. The interior, made in the Country style, is an image of a rural house in the style of the country in which it is located, as well as the taste preferences of the owner of the room. hat, in Europe - a clay figurine of a gnome, in Ukraine - something else, something that will make you feel like a measured village life.

Kitsch

Kitsch is the collective name for some post-modernist movements, such as Memphis, that harness the potential of bad taste and the delights of sentimental mass-market crafts. This is a game of anti-design, which arose as a protest movement in interior fashion for those who are ready to take their living environment not too seriously. The definition of "kitsch interior" has appeared relatively recently and it means a newfangled category of interiors. The main stylistic idea of ​​kitsch is a mockery of history and artistic traditions, tastes and styles. This is a kind of nihilism in architecture, denying all of its previous achievements. When blatant bad taste becomes the principle of choice, and the striking inconsistency of colors and interior items becomes its main distinguishing feature. For example, gilded stucco moldings along the cornice, large shiny stars on the bright blue ceiling, tubs with palm trees symmetrically on the walls, and the floor is paved with ceramic tiles with oriental motifs.

Contemporary

Contemporary is a style of interior in which it is difficult to recognize one or another style. Interiors in the contemporary style cannot be attributed to traditional styles citing historical eras, but at the same time they meet modern requirements for comfort, simplicity, functionality and accessibility. Italians call it "modern" for its commitment to new ideas and technologies. Contemporari is a massive and affordable style. It is suitable for everyone who prefers simplicity, convenience, practicality and likes to change the environment in whole or in part every 5-7 years. It is close and understandable to the majority, it is quite simple to execute. The main principle of Contemporary is convenience, simplicity, functionality and accessibility. The peculiarity of Contemporary is that, as a rule, it manifested itself in the interior spontaneously, and not as a result of a well-thought-out design idea. Hence its eclecticism and "vitality".

Loft

The loft is a quintessentially American phenomenon, and in the early days a loft meant an open-plan apartment in a building that was originally an industrial building, such as a factory or warehouse. Since open spaces, high ceilings, wide windows and industrial interior features such as exposed beams or unfinished brick walls or even cement floors are inherent in this building, they are typical characteristics of a loft. The basic principle of the loft is a huge open space, which has more than one hundred square meters, and sometimes exceeds a thousand. Entering such a room, you can see its opposite corner, since usually only the bedroom, bathrooms and utility rooms are isolated. The space serves as a backdrop for the original decoration, which is usually dominated by metal, glass and plastic. The walls are as simple as possible, no frills. In addition, the details inherited from the past life of the building give particular value to the loft: pipes, ventilation not hidden in the walls, walls without rough brick finishing.

Minimalism

Minimalism (eng. Minimalism from lat. Minimus - the smallest) is a style in design characterized by laconic expressive means, simplicity, precision and clarity of composition. Rejecting classical techniques and traditional art materials, minimalists use industrial and natural materials with simple geometric shapes, neutral colors (black, gray) and small volumes. The origins of minimalism lie in constructivism and functionalism. Creating an interior in the style of minimalism implies: Spatial freedom: a small amount of furniture and accessories. Zoning of space, multi-level lighting. The color palette is light, based on the play of halftones, a lot of white, graphically emphasized by black or gray. The palette is complemented by the natural tones of wood, brick, metal, the shine of glass. Simple natural finishing materials, often untreated, with a rough texture: brick, concrete, wood or plaster. Simple shapes and lines, there is practically no decor on windows and walls. Geometry of figures: circle , rectangle, straight, may have a gentle bend (no spirals)

OntoArt

OntoArt is a trend in art that originated in Italy, a characteristic feature of which is the search for new artistic forms. Once having seen, the viewer will definitely recognize the style of OntoArt - in paintings, clothes, interior items, architecture. Unusual, of course, memorable and recognizable style. Bright spots on the canvas, peering into which, at some point you see a certain image, behind it there is meaning. This is a game where the viewer becomes a direct participant in art. The concept of OntoArt art is life-affirming, pure and sincere, designed to awaken the soul of every person, to help find and comprehend their own place in the world around us. This Art affirms and exalts everything healthy and correct, corresponding to the order of nature.

Pop Art

Pop Art is created to amaze people with its designs. In interior design, pop art looks unusual, expressive, contrasting, bright. The main features of pop art: rainbow colors, catchy shapes, the use of plastic, repetitive elements. Pop art openly challenged the principles of "good design", denied modernity and its values. Pop art raised ordinary household items from the everyday world around us and images of people to the rank of a work of art. Then he mixed all this with a bright color or a bizarre form and used it as a work of art. Pop art shows itself as an emotional and energetic style, as an explosion of emotions.

Postmodernism

On the one hand, Postmodernism is the further development of modernism, and on the other, criticality and even its exclusion in its manifestations. Although at the same time, art is considered to be quite established. Distinctive features of postmodernism are: the use of ready-made forms, marginality, irony, synthetics and fusion of the old in a new context. The main features of the Postmodernism style: color: beige, silver, metallic, pearlescent, fluorescent; lines: dynamic, free; forms: rational and free; symmetrical and asymmetrical; transforms; large, spacious halls; light, original designs; contrasting textural and textured combinations. The use of artificial leather, nickel-plated and chrome-plated materials; designs: unified prefabricated and collapsible; logical and expedient; lightweight aluminum and traditional reinforced concrete; arched, beamed and cable-stayed; windows: spacious, sometimes the entire wall; sliding, folding, swing and swing; doors: telescopic, sliding, folded, swinging, balancing, rotating, etc.

Techno

Techno (English Techno) - strict, and even cold, style, which is characterized by clear geometric lines, furniture made of metal, glass, stone walls. Such a room has a neglected, but, at the same time, thoughtful look. There is no place for coziness here. Techno-style interiors create the feeling of a man-made disaster and are more like the interiors of industrial premises and garages. Techno-style interiors are characterized by a large amount of metal and plastic, spiral staircases, walls with a rough texture, heavy metal doors. such architecture and interiors: according to the design of the designers, a feeling of a man-made disaster is created in them, in which a piece of an irregularly shaped brick wall with protruding reinforcement “cuts” into the glass and metal of the interior. Full explosion sensation.

Fusion

Fusion (from the English fusion - mixing, merging) - mixing different styles and directions in one interior design. Fusion - a style that allows you to place anything in space and at the same time create harmonious connections between variegated objects and elements. Fusion does not sweep away the old traditions, but coexists with them, as it were, in parallel worlds, creating its own rules. This direction, in fact, opposes itself to minimalism - and brings us closer to a complex and expressive "maximalism". Uninhibited "hooligan chic" is in fashion - a style that develops the logic of collage and borrows any elements. The main principle of the fusion style is freedom of color and material. The main condition of the fusion style is that the forms, color and content of the designed interior - everything that will later become its "filling": finishing materials, furniture, decorative elements, should be at the end stages to merge into a whole organic living space.

High tech

High-tech is a style of the late twentieth century, the main features of which are the maximum functional use of space and restrained decor. The style is characterized by swift, straight lines, an abundance of glass and metal details. Hi-tech can be attributed to ultramodern styles, it uses structures typical of industrial buildings. Mobile partitions are widely used, capable of closing and opening, which allows you to change the layout. Technological design is everywhere: ceilings, walls, floors, stairs, windows, doors. Materials - glass, metal, natural wood. The shapes and proportions of the furniture are carefully thought out. The complete absence of decorations is compensated by the “work” of the material: the play of light on the glass, the shine of chrome and metal surfaces, wood varnish, etc.

Shabby chic

Shabby-chic (English shabby - shabby, shabby) - the name of the style in the interior, decor, fashion. The name itself can literally be translated as “shabby shine” or “shabby chic”, which reflects its essence. This is a very young style, born in the late 80s of the twentieth century. Its author is Rachel Ashwell. General characteristic of Shabby chic style The essence of the style is that furniture, interior items are artificially aged. Shabby chic - shabby chic. Items can be both old and new, painted mainly in light pastel colors and worn in places, with delicate roses or birds, or without drawings at all, a lot of delicate textiles, napkins, pillows, bedspreads, covers for chairs and armchairs.

Eco style

Eco style (Greek eikos - house, habitat) - "ecological" style ", an interior made of natural materials, giving a feeling of freshness and unity with nature. Today it is one of the most popular modern styles. General characteristic of Eco style Ecological design is an attempt to recreate the natural environment in human habitats. The meaning of eco-design lies in the name itself - an interior made in this vein is in optimal harmony with the environment. It is in the "eco-friendly" room that a person can feel all the advantages of natural materials and really take a break from the stuffy city. Eco style or nature is expressed only through his idea, natural origin, naturalness of materials, colors, correct forms.