What is beeswax? 4 commercial varieties are considered, including wax for foundation, and it is indicated by what technology candles are made - 3 standard and 7 artistic technologies.

Beeswax is the base of E901 and E902 additives, i.e. food and candle wax. The Russian GOST indicates the properties of another product - raw materials for foundation. The foundation leaf must be of the highest quality, otherwise the bees will not accept it. There are other natural varieties such as E903 carnauba wax. You can start making any wax candle by studying the properties of this material.

Compliance with safety regulations in the manufacture of candles

The wax will melt already at 65 ° C. Whitish foam will appear when heated to 100 ° C.

Protective apron when working with wax

The critical temperature is 120 ° C, when vapors are released that can flare up. Therefore, at home, wax is melted in a water or steam bath.

You cannot extinguish the flame with water - there will be an explosion. Use soda. And to block the access of oxygen, any available means will do. Before work, put on a canvas apron, gloves, and clothes should hide the maximum surface of the body.

Preparing to make beeswax candles

Equip the workplace:

• Install a container with soda powder;
• You also need a saucepan or a bucket of water in which you can put both hands;
• Remove grease and wax from equipment parts;
• The room must be ventilated.

Cookware is prepared - iron, enamel, copper. The aluminum will smell.

Steam and water

A sponge is placed at the bottom of a container with water, and a melting pot is placed on the sponge. The water level should be above the wax. The steam bath is not designed like this: there is a bowl on a dish filled with water, which covers the entire steam container.

With a steam bath, the main thing is not to be mistaken with the volume of the evaporated liquid. And the raw materials are washed, cooled and crushed before smelting.

Tools and materials for making beeswax candles

You need to think about what to make a wick for a candle. Usually three cotton threads are twisted or braided. You will also need:

• Pencil;
• Weight (can be taken in a tea candle);
• A wick needle, but only when making short candles.

Molds can be made of any material, but first they are lubricated with detergent. Wood molds can be oiled with vegetable oil.

Product E901

It is better to buy the main material in granules, and the E901 wax is white and yellow. Candles made of foundation are of high quality, but they are sold only to beekeepers.

Candle painting materials

The dye is added to the melted wax and mixed. Materials:

• Wax crayons. Edible crayon cannot be made from paraffin wax.
• Fat-soluble food colors - powder, gel, paste;
• Acting make-up, but not much, 2-3 gr. per liter;
• Kandurin (gold), glitter (aluminum sequins). Glitter will smell.

Gel dyes are suitable for both gel and wax candles.

Food paint

Makeup emits harmful substances, but it is needed for pastel shades.

Do not use water-soluble dyes.

Stages of making beeswax candles

The wax is brought to T = 80 ° C. The wick must be waxed by tying a weight to it and fixing it on a pencil. Then the wick is fixed on the mold:

• The weight remains on the thread;
• The knotted thread is passed through the hole at the bottom of the mold.

If you can make a tunnel in the candle, skip this step.

Candle without thread

In "step 2", the dye is added, and before pouring, the flavor is added.

Pouring material into a mold

Even before melting, the mold is immersed in a detergent solution, then wiped, but not dry. Warming up with a hairdryer will also be required.

Form set

The wick must be vertical. Then the wax is poured into the center of the mold.

The wax almost does not shrink, and solidification goes from the edge to the center.

Removing the candle from the mold

If a weight was used, the candle is pulled out by the wick. This method is not suitable for the variant with a node. The knot is cut, and needles, hooks, etc. are used to remove. With a form without a bottom, this method is also used.

If the mold is flexible, the candle can be squeezed out.

Types of wax candles

A compound candlestick always consists of an upper and lower halves. And candles with a short wick are sculptures in which a regular wick is not installed. Curly candles are obtained only in split or disposable forms. An example is geometric shapes. How to make such candles with your own hands, for beginners, is described in the video.

Figured wax candles at home

The form is made of paper, glued and painted over on the outside. Staining is carried out in order to seal the joints.

"Geometry"

A wick with a weight is installed, casting is carried out. The form is removed after cooling.

The valves at the joints will only be "external" (see photo).

DIY beeswax candle with floral motif

When using silicone, you can create a three-dimensional ornament. The detachable form is pulled together with clamps, and the wick is tied into a knot. On the other hand, with a one-piece form, a wick with a weight is used.

You can try making a mold with 5-7 layers of sealant.

The sealant is applied to the oil-coated sample.

DIY openwork wax candle

If you add pieces of ice to the mold, the finished product will be delicate. An example is in the photo.

Ice is lighter than water, and wax is even more so. When it cools, the melted ice flows down through the holes.

Precautions: the wick with a weight is glued to the bottom of the mold.

Colored wax candles

It's even amazing what you can do with your own wax without using silicone or paper.

Alternating layers

A candle of constant cross-section is immersed in colored wax, alternating several layers. There is no need to wait for drying. You will get a smooth transition or more complex effects.

White wax is the base material.

How to make a beautiful large wax candle

Take a multilayer workpiece. And they make "leaves" on the edges.

Carved ornament

All tiers are cut in turn with a cutter. They start from the top tier.

The previous chapter covered how to make an interleaved layer.

How to make a wax rose with your own hands

The base of the rose is a waxed wick. It is wrapped in petals.

Wax roses

Small master class:

• The wax is poured onto a saucer;
• At T = 37-40 ° C, the plate is removed with a thin knife;
• Form a layer of petals.

The more layers, the more solid the result.

The plate, without removing it from the saucer, is sometimes cut into 2 or 3.

Loose Palm Wax Candle

E903 is supplied in granules which are poured into glassware. The surface needs to be leveled, and a waxed wick is installed in the center.

Candles from wax granules

The design looks simple. But a wick with a length of 10 cm will not burn out even in a day.

Other names for E903 wax are carnauba, Brazilian, palm.

Nuances in choosing a wick

The journal Beekeeping has determined what the optimal diameter of the wick is if the raw material is foundation.

This data is also valid for E90X materials. The color of the E901 granules is irrelevant. And for product E902, the numbers in the first line must be reduced.

Making candles from beeswax, they also make a wick with their own hands. The impregnation can be copper sulfate, salt or zinc filings. And the flame will turn into aqua, light blue or cornflower blue. And the material is cotton thread.

Video - Master Class

Useful properties and uses of beeswax ear candles

A tube of gauze and wax will help remove the sulfur plug. The method is not approved by medicine, but it is used in Asia.

Waxed gauze

Mode of application:

1. Cut off part of the cone;
2. Cover the patient's head with a cloth made of natural material (flax), make a slit;
3. Install the pipe and set it on fire;
4. Put out the flame when it reaches the mark.

Then a cotton wool turunda is installed for 15 minutes.

Benefits of beeswax candles

A tubular candle helps to get rid of diseases:

• Tonsillitis (inflammation of the tonsils), rhinitis, otitis media;
• Sinusitis;
• Decreased hearing;
• Tinnitus, dizziness;
• Sleep disturbance.

Antibiotics are needed to cure the infection. Without them, the benefits of the considered method will be zero. And if the wax gets into the ear canal, difficult treatment awaits, albeit without surgery.

Another "minus" is the fire hazard. Contraindications: purulent otitis media, ear infections, allergy to pollen or propolis.

DIY candles. Why and who needs them?

There is no point in asking what is the use of art for a person. It is still impossible to find the answer.

Technology "3 layers + thread"

Everything considered above will benefit the master himself, that is, the author of the work. And if it turns out to be successful, it can be used in any of three qualities:

• As a bright and memorable gift;
• As a visiting card of the products offered by the beekeeper;
• As proof of the naturalness and high quality of wax raw materials.

The number of candlestick painters in Russia is now small. And success does not come to those who try to copy one of the well-known technologies. The possibility of inventing a new technology is another reason to master the candle business, and it is better if it is mastered by the beekeeper himself.

Using wax in everyday life

Glaze and chocolate are prepared with edible wax, it is included in chewing gum. Medicine uses the bee product in a different way - it serves as the basis of ointments and is an important material for dentistry. And the product corresponding to GOST 21179-2000 is intended not only for foundation. It is used in the same way as E901 pellets.

The use in traditional medicine is not considered here.

Facts

The white granules of E901 resemble paraffin wax. It is impossible to distinguish one from another by color.

A new kind of art

However, a paraffin candle leaves grime on the mirror. Other disadvantages are listed below.

How to expose paraffin wax

The natural product should sink in 44 percent alcohol. The density of the paraffin is lower and it floats up. Also, paraffin wax melts at a lower temperature than wax. But this problem is solved in its own way - natural ceresin is added. Its melting point is 65-88 ° C.

Regardless of what is added, the density only goes down.

Cleaning the candlestick

It is easy to clean the candlestick from wax - you need hot water, not necessarily boiled. And soot leaves paraffin or ceresin. You need chemistry to clean it off. And let it be neutral with respect to the enamel or finish.

The second way to remove the wax is to freeze it to T = -1 ° C - -2 ° C.

Candle composition

The products of some candle factories leave no doubt about their high quality.

Candles in retail

What is considered food goes into the casting of candles! But more often a mixture of wax and ceresin is used. The first of the two components is E902 wax.

E901 vs E902 cost comparison: "2.5 to 1" or "3 to 1".

Disadvantages of paraffin candles

A thin synthetic wick is a sign of a paraffin candle. The speed of burning depends on the diameter of the wick. And the soot left by the candles consists of the products of the combustion of paraffin. Among them, a significant part of the entire periodic table is represented.

The wax, which is composed of 50 organic substances, does not leave any soot.

Since the opening of the fire, mankind has been looking for ways to maintain it. At first, this function was performed by a torch in which the resin burned. It was poured into the recess of the wood handle. However, the torch was short-lived due to the burning of the handle. The resin was poured into earthen and glass vessels. Along with the resin, animals were burned, and a piece of moss, a bunch of plant fibers, and then a piece of twine or a strip of cloth fell into the burning material. This prototype of the wick laid the foundation for wick lamps.

Lamp history

The first lamps were not perfect. They smoked terribly, and the light from them was weak and often extinguished.

Later, the earthenware bowl turned into a closed teapot, into the spout of which a wick was threaded. This is how it became the best source of illumination for several hundred years. Its flame was brighter, but when it burned, the lamp smoked. Smoke helped to overcome the invention of lamp glass.

Candle history

Another descendant of the torch is the candle. At first, candles were made from wax or tallow. They appeared in the X century AD. Grease candles were the easiest to make. The wick dipped into the molten bacon, was taken out, the bacon solidified on it. And this procedure was repeated several times to create a candle of the required thickness. Much later, special forms for candles appeared, into which molten wax or lard was poured.

There was little light from the tallow candle, but a lot of soot. Because of this, several of these candles were usually lit in a room at the same time. Then the candelabrum was invented - a candlestick with branches for fixing several products.

Material for replacing fat has been required for a long time, but was found at the dawn of the 19th century. For candles, stearin began to be used, which was an integral part of bacon. This is how the stearicum candle was born. When it appeared, it instantly gained popularity, replacing the greasy one. It burned brighter, while not giving carbon deposits and not getting your hands dirty. Stearin candles have surpassed their predecessor in all respects. And they began to be applied everywhere.

Many argue about which came first - a kerosene lamp or a stearic candle. from which they almost immediately began to make candles, was invented in 1816. Kerosene replaced oil in lamps only in the middle of the 19th century.

Candle properties

At first, wax and paraffin were used as materials for candle making. In the future, they began to use stearin. Paraffin and stearin have different physical and chemical characteristics, which leaves an imprint on the difference in candles made from these materials.

Paraffin is a product of oil refining, which is a mixture of various hydrocarbons. And the composition of stearin contains glycerin and stearic acid. It belongs to complex esters. This led to their different melting points: for paraffin - from 36 to 55 ° C, while for stearin from 55 to 72 ° C. This makes stearin products harder, making it possible to better maintain their shape. At the same time, the stearic candle reaches 1500 ° C, and the paraffin candle - 1400 ° C.

In candle production, paraffin and pure stearin are almost never used. Most often they are mixed in different proportions. Usually stearin candles are used, the composition of which is 96% palm oil and 4% paraffin.

Differences

How to distinguish a stearic candle from a paraffin candle? In life, paraffin is distinguished from stearin by the use of alkali. When alkali reacts with stearin, the result is soap, which is precipitated by the acid. Paraffin, on the other hand, is neutral with respect to the alkali solution, so nothing will change.

Stearin is most often used as a raw material for the manufacture of various decorative products.

DIY making

If in the old days candles were used to provide normal lighting of premises, nowadays stearin candles are increasingly taking on the role of an interesting decorative element that can create a romantic or solemn atmosphere.

Now in specialized stores, many items of candle production are sold, both the simplest and amazing with their quirkiness and originality. At the same time, such jewelry is quite amenable to self-production using simple materials that are freely available. Making this decor element with your own hands does not need too much financial expense and does not take much time. At the same time, giving free rein to your indomitable imagination and putting your soul into your work, you will create an unprecedented thing that can give joy to you and those around you.

Material

We will work miracles from stearin, paraffin or wax. For people new to candle making, it is best to start their experiments with paraffin, as it is the easiest to work with. Paraffin is either bought in a store, or is obtained from ordinary household colors or their cinders.

Also, stearin is not difficult to obtain from ordinary stearin. To do this, you need to grate the soap on a coarse grater or cut it with a knife. Next, the resulting shavings are placed in a metal container, completely filled with water and sent to a water bath for melting. After dissolving the soap, it is removed from the heat, after which vinegar is added to the resulting composition. A thick mass will appear on the surface, which can be removed with a spoon after final cooling. This substance is stearin. It should be rinsed with running water and wrapped in a clean cloth to remove excess moisture.

Wick

The best wick can be a thick cotton thread. You can use twisted or woven floss. Artificial materials for creating a wick are absolutely unsuitable, as they quickly burn out, while emitting a disgusting smell. The easiest way to get a wick is from ordinary candles.

Form, dyes, dishes

A variety of containers can serve as a form. These can be sand molds or coffee cans. If you want to make a piece of jewelry narrowed at the top or round, you need to take a container that is used as a shape, for example, a plastic ball. It is necessary to make a longitudinal cut and make a hole in the upper part of the mold, having a diameter of at least ten millimeters, so that the composition can be poured there without hindrance.

As dyes, you can use wax crayons or natural substances, for example, cocoa. Dyes based on water or alcohol are not suitable.

You will also need utensils: a small saucepan or bowl is fine. It is important that it fits comfortably in a water bath.

• 1. A little about the benefits
• 2. Possible types of processing
• 3. What you need to know about wax and safety
• 4. Tools and everything you need
• 5. How to make the first candle

Together with honey, bees bring a little bustle and pleasant troubles into our life. After all, an apiary is work, time and attention. Often the presence of an apiary is so exciting that any creative beekeeper also becomes an artisan. Beeswax candles - what could be nicer on a chilly winter evening. They will make life brighter, saturate the air with summer aromas and warmth, and handmade ones will become not only an excellent gift for loved ones, but also a good reserve for the budget.

A little about the benefits

To convince the beekeeper of the benefits of his own products, perhaps, is superfluous. However, not everyone knows why beeswax candles are preferable to, for example, paraffin wax. Last when burning:

• release carcinogens into the air;
• contribute to the formation of soot;
• can emit toxic fumes due to industrial unnatural wicks;
• when used with dyes and flavors, they become a source of health problems.

Is it possible to compare all these side effects, which can cause not only allergies, but also more serious diseases, for example, lungs and mucous membranes, with the possibilities from the use of wax.

After all, when the wax burns:

• soot does not form;
• in the absence of additives, the candle burns for a long time and burns out completely, without residue;
• more than 50 ether compounds and substances are released into the air;
• we must not forget about the impurities of propolis in the composition of crude wax: this is how it goes directly into the lungs.

In addition, natural raw materials are a guarantee of interest from urban residents. Metropolitan areas and urbanization contribute to a huge interest in the origins. And this craft has existed for as long as beekeeping.

Possible treatments

In fact, there are several ways to make candles. Each of them is good in its own way and resonates with potential users:

• the lightest and practically does not require additional processing: the sheet of foundation is simply rolled around the wick. There are not many opportunities for creativity, but this method is one of the oldest;
• to use the second, minimal heat treatment is required: the wick is dipped in a container with liquid wax, over and over again increasing the volume of the candle. It is clear that there is no question of the conformity of the form with modern requirements - this is a purely utilitarian thing;
• outflow in molds. Perhaps this method provides a lot of opportunities for implementing ideas. Even if you cast the wax into a simple cylindrical shape and then cut out the patterns, it will still be a molded candle.

Casting into molds has a huge reserve for a creative person: you can buy any of them to choose from, or you can create them yourself.

What you need to know about wax and safety

Before embarking on the implementation of the idea for your candle factory, you should familiarize yourself with the physical properties of wax:

1. Building material melts from bee hives when the temperature rises to 60-70 degrees.
2. At 100 degrees, you will understand whether the water is bald in the feedstock - it boils and forms a kind of foam.
3. The foundation will begin to steam or smoke already at 120 degrees.
4. At 204 degrees, you need to be extremely careful: its vapors ignite.

These are characteristics common to each type of raw material. Meanwhile, it also can be different:

• technical or production. Actually this is a mixture of wax with additions, sometimes paraffin acts as them, such raw materials have already undergone industrial processing;
• raw or apiary is of the most natural origin. It is obtained directly from honeycombs in wax melters or swimming trunks. It can be conditioned, provided that the bees did not have any diseases and excessive chemical treatments, or vice versa - substandard;
• bleached. It is a natural, natural building material of bees, only without the inevitable impurities in the composition. Otherwise, it is called cosmetic.

When working with him, there are rules that you need to adhere to:

1. The slower the wax heats up, the easier it is to work with. It is recommended to use a water bath when heating. This is the easiest way to regulate the temperature regime. The process needs constant monitoring: you cannot go away.
2. Contact with water must be completely excluded: this is dangerous. Hot wax will cause the boiling water to vaporize and splatter.
3. Ignited raw materials must be extinguished using dry methods: limiting the access of air.
4. When working, it is necessary to avoid contact with open fire: an accidental drop is fraught with fire.

It will not be superfluous to remind that children and animals are not allowed to enter the work area. This way you create a risk of injury for them with your own hands.

Tools and everything you need

In addition to wax, you need to stock up on some inventory. At first, ordinary dishes and utensils found in the house are enough, and then, perhaps, you will need your own workplace. So, we need:

• gloves, armbands and an apron - it is unlikely that you will never be able to drip on your clothes;
• table, constant water access, heating plate and hair dryer for leveling surfaces;
• cutting board, hammer, knives and chisel for grinding wax, scissors for the wick;
• two containers for a water bath: a large diameter for water, a pebble or a metal stand is placed on its bottom, and a saucepan of a smaller diameter is placed on top to melt wax. It must be either enameled or ceramic: otherwise the wax darkens;
• napkins. Preferably paper, not textile, there should be a lot of them. The first time without skill, they help out well;
• nylon for filtration;
• natural wick: 1 to 4 mm. The choice is proportional to the diameter of the future candle;
• wire for fixing the wick.

And most importantly: the forms. They come in aluminum, polycarbonate and polyurethane. The first two materials provide reusable use, heat resistance, but inelastic, which means they do not leave much room for creativity. The latter assumes safe use at temperatures up to 80 degrees, then it becomes toxic.

The most common are silicone. They suggest availability and a huge selection, high temperature of use (up to 200 degrees), elasticity, and even if they are fragile, they will help to make up to 200 candles. Subsequently, you can even make it yourself. There is a trick in using any detachable form - you need rubber bands: while the wax hardens, the halves must be tightly fixed.

How to make the first candle

We must immediately warn you: the first may not become a candle in the literal sense of the word. You may not have enough patience or dexterity, but you need to prepare for the fact that it will have to be redone and do not give up if it fails.

The process can be represented in several stages. Their sequence further depends on your experience:

1. Form preparation and wick filling. For this, there is a hole in the bottom - the future wick is tucked into it. If it is much smaller in diameter, then you can use a small piece of a toothpick - so there will certainly be no wax leakage. Then the form is tightly fixed in several places with elastic bands. And the end of the wick is brought out right in the center of the mold and fixed there with a wire loop.
2. Wax preparation: it needs to be crushed. If the volume of the mold is, for example, 1 glass, then you will need about 250 g of wax. It is easy to determine - it is enough to first measure the volume of the mold with water, its ratio to wax is almost the same. The required volume of wax can be immediately placed in a water bath and heated, or it can be added as it melts.
3. When the water in the lower pot has boiled, you can start the casting process. True, if the wax is unrefined, then it can first be drained through nylon into a separate container and only from it the molds can be poured. If filtration is required, the process must be fast so that the wax does not become lumpy.
4. When the forms are filled along the edges, after 10-15 minutes it is necessary to make several control punctures with a knitting needle or a wooden stick to the bottom of the form and these voids are filled additionally.

The wax cools down quickly, but you should not rush the process. Soft and pliable, it may simply not fit in the shape. Therefore, it will be possible to get candles from beeswax after 2-6 hours, depending on the volume of the workpiece.

DIY wax candles

Actually, the bulk of the work has been done, it remains only to bring the candle to an acceptable form:

1. It is carefully removed, separating the halves of the form in different directions. To do this, you need to remove the rubber bands and wire.
2. Cut the wick off the base completely.
3. Align the base over the hair dryer or at the bottom of the water bath.
4. Leave the wick on top with a length of about 1 cm.For convenience and beauty, it can be dipped in wax.

That's the whole process of making a great gift with your own hands. Who knows, perhaps this is the beginning of a new era in the life of a beekeeper and a candle factory will appear next to some apiary.

Candles are silent witnesses of secrets, quiet friendly conversations, intimate confessions. They illuminate not only the house, but also the mind, allowing you to feel the chords of pleasure and comfort. But only natural candles made of bee wax can become not only a stylish decor element that reflects our taste even in the daylight. Wax candles have unique healing properties!

Candle: biography

The first candles began to be made in ancient Egypt, more than 3 thousand. years ago, from animal fat and oily fish. These were small containers of liquid fat, into which the wick was dipped.

The Romans dipped the rolled papyrus into fat, which hardened and allowed the material to burn longer. The Chinese and Japanese used rice paper for the wick, and the American Indians made candles from pine resin.

Bee wax candles appeared in the Middle Ages. Unlike fat, wax did not give off soot and unpleasant odor, burned brightly and evenly. But beeswax was difficult to obtain, was expensive and was used only for the aristocracy and the church. In 1850, paraffin was invented from oil and shale. Candles are now available for any wallet. However, the use of paraffin candles has proven to be unsafe for human health.

Why are paraffin candles harmful?

Carcinogenic and toxic, they release benzene and toluene when burned. Benzene has a strong allergic effect. General toxic poison - toluene - causes poisoning, endocrine disorders, reduces performance, accumulates in the cells of the central nervous system. The diethyl phthalate contained in such candles causes dizziness, respiratory rhythm disturbances, headache, nausea. And with frequent exposure, it affects the nervous and respiratory systems and contributes to the formation of cancer. The listed substances are especially dangerous for pregnant women and children.

Paraffin candles have many other disadvantages:

When extinguishing, they smoke with a heavy strong odor, unpleasant and greasy to the touch, burn quickly, dimly, they cannot be lit often and cannot be used as an air freshener.

The best alternative to many modern paraffin candles is real beeswax. They are not only safe but also useful!

What is beeswax?

Bees produce wax with special wax glands to build honeycombs. In wax cells, insects raise their babies and store honey. The highest quality wax is obtained from a bead - wax lids, which are used to seal cells with mature honey. Before pumping out the honey, the beekeeper cuts off these caps. This wax is of a beautiful yellow color and smells like honey.

Beeswax contains over 300 different compounds. It contains minerals, propolis, resins, pollen, vitamin A, beta-carotene, etc.

The wax is found from light yellow to yellow-brown in color and has a characteristic, very pleasant odor. On a cut or at a fracture, it is matte with a fine-crystalline structure.

Beeswax hardens at room temperature, and at 38-40 ° C it becomes soft and able to take any shape. At 70-73 ° C, the wax becomes liquid.

Why do we need wax candles?

1. 1. Natural candles are good for your health! Wax candles are a completely natural, environmentally friendly product. They have the healing power of nature. When burning, wax releases antimicrobial enzymes, medicinal ethers - the air in the house is purified. This is especially useful during a viral flu outbreak. The components of the candle destroy pathogenic microbes and increase immunity. The action of a wax candle when carrying out natural "inhalation":

• antimicrobial,
• anti-inflammatory,
• calming,
• warming,
• pain reliever,
• absorbent.

2. Beekeeping wax candles are durable! The wax is impervious to moisture and can be stored without the slightest change for a very long time without losing its quality. When heated and cooled, the wax layer does not crack. Such candles burn evenly, without fumes and unpleasant odors, do not float and do not smoke. There is no grease left on the hands. They can be used longer than similar paraffin products.

3. You are enjoying natural aromatherapy! Wax candles do not need to be artificially scented with chemicals. The aroma of candles has a positive effect on our nervous system. You get deep peace and relaxation, get rid of negative emotions, calm down and relax. The delicate, sweetish scent of honey and pollen evokes good associations and memories of summer. Natural aromatherapy activates creative activity, unloads the subconscious, helps to cope with the tasks of the situation that require analysis and intuition.

4. Natural candle is an exclusive gift! He will certainly bring long-awaited happiness, peace and prosperity to every family! The fire of such a candle is capable of burning the accumulated negativity, tension and other "energy debris".

The lack of light in the dark has troubled the minds of people since the time of the emergence of mankind. Gradually, this problem was solved by taming the fire, carrying it on torches to the tribal fire and hearth. Today, in most of the civilized world, there are no problems with lighting, and fire from ancient sources has switched to small modern candles.

Now candles are in demand as part of history and culture. They remind of those times when our ancestors got food by hunting and farming. Consider how candles are made at home or in production and what materials are needed for this?

Production methods

Candle making methods can be divided into several categories.

What are candles made of? Types of candles

• Household - for their production they use snow-white paraffin, are produced in the form of a cylinder;
• Canteens - paraffin is used as a basis, with the addition of dyes and flavors. They have the shape of a long cylinder or cone, they can be aromatic, twisted and classic;
• Hemp - candles in the form of a short wide cylinder. Most often they are poured into forms;
• Church - from beeswax, paraffin or stearin. They have a thin long cylindrical shape;
• Tea rooms - are poured into aluminum molds in the form of tablets. Most often, paraffin is used for production;

Interesting:

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Dipping and rolling out technology:

• Decorative - can be of different shapes and sizes. It all depends on the wishes of the master;
• Church candles;

Designer

• Gel - made from a heated mixture of glycerin with gelatin;
• Bulk - consist of numerous granules 1 - 5 mm in diameter, poured into a small deep container;

How are candles made?

Dipping

In a deep wide container, the wax is heated to a liquid state. Several wicks are pulled between a wooden fastener with a handle and a load, in the direction of gravity, with a pitch of 50 - 70 mm. A wick with a weight is immersed in liquid wax to the required depth and held for 10 seconds. After that, take it out and wait a while until the first layer of wax hardens. As soon as this has happened, the workpiece is dipped into the container again for 2 seconds and removed. Thus, the cycle is repeated until the required thickness of the candle is obtained. The finished products are left to cool for 24 hours in a cold room, after which they are removed from the mount and cut to the desired size and shape. In this way, wax candles are made in the form of a cone and a cylinder of any thickness.

Rolling out

The wax is heated to the state of the dough and a blank in the form of a sheet is rolled out on the table. The wick begins to wrap from the edge, so that as a result it is in the center of the candle. Next, roll out the candle with the addition of new layers until the required thickness is formed.

Interesting:

Why do moles appear?

On machine tools

For manufacturing, a press machine is used, which automatically turns wax into a candle tape. In the forming head, the wick is inserted and centered and fed into the die. After that, the outer layer is fixed and partially cooled. In the next step, the tape is cut and the finished candle is formed. To create tea candles, aluminum or paper molds are used, into which the base is poured.

Designer

To create a unique candle, a casting mold is used, which is heated and placed in a heat-protective bag. The inner walls of the container are lubricated with liquid soap or dishwashing detergent. The wick is fixed on the bottom and on the lid of the container in the center of the candle. Any of the available bases is poured into the mold and left to cool completely. To remove the candle, you need to dip the mold in hot water for a couple of seconds and pull the wick. There are a lot of ways and options for making designer candles, and if necessary, you can find any of them.

What are candles made of?

For production, stearin, paraffin, wax, lard, spermaceti or another substance with similar properties are used. Dyes, stabilizers, flavors and other components are added to the base. For the wick, threads are used from natural ingredients, with the addition of ammonium chloride, nitrate, boric acid, dyes and other ingredients. Some additives allow to increase the duration of burning and control the size of the flame. It all depends on the wishes of the customer and the capabilities of the manufacturer.