Buildings in the private sector are the most problematic objects for heating. Since houses get very cold in winter time, there is an urgent need for heating. It is worth noting that the main factor slowing down the process of resolving the issue is the cost of the work. Work of this nature is very expensive. Many village residents are looking for options that provide more economical heating for a private home. In our article, we will look at acceptable existing options for economical heating, possibly determining the most economical way to heat your home for you.

Insulation of the building

Remember to spend less funds to heat the room, it is important to ensure that this heat does not escape through the walls. Simply put, before choosing economical heating for your home, you should insulate it. The house can be insulated already finished or at the stage of its construction. Thanks to good thermal insulation, you will turn on the heating less often, and the system will maintain normal operation for many years. This will significantly reduce fuel consumption. Good insulation at home - low heat loss and economical heating private house. When building a well-insulated house, it is important to make the foundation in compliance with all standards. Use thermal insulation materials the best manufacturers. To lay the foundation, purchase building blocks, and insulate the facade with expanded polystyrene. Today, expanded polystyrene is the only material with low thermal conductivity. He is the best material for insulation of external walls of buildings.

Thermal insulation materials good quality and at an affordable price will help you improve your home with minimal costs finance. For greater reliability, let's consider an example. A well-insulated room consumes at least 50% less energy. We compare an ordinary building with an insulated one. To heat the house before insulation, you spent 100 kW, and after that 50 kW will be enough for you.

The positive side of an insulated building is the fact that your heating system is less dependent on electricity.

What does it mean? This means only one thing, you will save money by reducing the consumption of electricity from which the heaters are powered, thereby your economical home heating system will pay for itself.

After high-quality insulation of the house, you can purchase any type of heating equipment. It will be possible for you to use solar panels, heat pumps or solid fuel boilers without gas.

Use of automatic heating means.

Such economical heating of a private house will significantly save family budget. Remember, when using automation, you can increase the temperature by one degree. In terms of the heat indicators of other fuels, you get 5% more heat.

Automation will protect you from rapidly rising prices for gas and other fuel resources.

Also automatic economical systems Heating systems in a private home can maintain the room temperature to a given level. As you can see, it will not work constantly, but only as the room cools. This results in a minimal risk of room overheating.

Also, your presence is not needed to regulate the temperature of the heat released. Automation can constantly keep the air temperature in the room within 27 degrees. Automation allows you to heat the room up to 17 degrees Celsius. This function is relevant when you leave the room for a long time, and it is necessary to maintain the climate.

Installation low temperatures will make it possible to maintain comfortable conditions in the house without overheating or cooling it down.

The savings when using a system such as automatic economical home heating are significant. It reaches 30%. The cost of equipment and installation are acceptable for a family with an average budget. Also, all costs are recouped in a matter of months.

Maintains temperature level at one specified degree

When installing equipment such as economical heating systems country house To achieve savings in heating, first of all, buy thermostatic heads and sensors for indoor temperature readings. They are mounted on heating elements. To install a temperature sensor, connect the pipes that connect the sensors and the boiler.

This kind of work is best done at the stage of building a house. If the house is already ready, we recommend paying attention to wireless sensors. You must understand that such sensors will cost more, but you save on labor costs when installing the equipment hidden.

Maintaining low indoor temperatures

In this case, you cannot do without additional equipment. To do this, you need to buy a programmer and controlled sensors. Installation of the sensor is simple, as is its management. In order for it to work, you need to learn the functions of several buttons. It is quite difficult to heat a country house without using similar system heating. Such economical heating of a country house is acceptable and simply necessary for those who live in the house for a short time, and after leaving, the house needs to be maintained at a comfortable temperature.

It is enough to set the indicator at 17 degrees on the sensor, and the system will immediately start working in economy mode.

As soon as there is a need to warm up the room well again, set the temperature on the sensor to higher values. As you can see, such an economical home heating system is an excellent option to warm up the house without spending a lot of fuel.

It is able to replace an automatic sensor and allows you to reduce fuel consumption, thereby providing economical home heating. The device has earned many positive characteristics from consumers. The programmer allows you to control yourself both automatically and manually.

You set the indicators you are interested in, and they will be met as long as they satisfy you. When using automatic mode, you can set the temperature to change within a day. An hour before you arrive home, the programmer changes the indicators upward and creates the conditions necessary for you.

Energy Saving Technologies

• Condensing boilers. They have proven themselves well when installing energy-saving equipment. Efficiency condensing boiler reaches a maximum of 110%. Such a result can be achieved by such an economical heating system for a private home, designed for long-term use at low temperatures.
• Warm floor. An indispensable attribute when low temperature heating. Heated floors and a condensing boiler work together to heat the room quickly and economically. In this case, warm air is distributed evenly and creates favorable conditions for people's lives.

What other devices are there for economical heating?

There are many known devices that allow good heating save consumer finances. These include heat pumps, economical home heating with electricity, solar panels, solid fuel boilers or a geothermal heating system. All these options are the most economical compared to gas heating.

But it is worth noting that the cost of equipment and installation work is very high. Also take into account the cost of spare parts for an economical heating system for a summer house in case of necessary repairs. To reassure you, let's say that, despite the high cost, they will still pay off.

As you can see, there are many ways to heat economically a private house. To simplify the task, choose the most economical heating for yourself, and also use automatic energy-saving appliances.

Almost every cottage owner strives to reduce heating costs to a minimum. But when choosing the most economical heating for a private home, many often look only at the price of fuel.

However, here it is necessary to take into account the heat loss of the building, and the capital investment for the arrangement of the heating system, and the cost of servicing the network subsequently. Don’t forget about the labor-intensive operation of this or that option. Only A complex approach to the question will help make the operation of the heating network as economical as possible, don’t you agree?

In the article we have collected the most effective ways to increase the efficiency of the heating system, practical advice to reduce heat loss, and also assessed the feasibility of using renewable energy sources.

Before choosing fuel, a boiler (or other thermal energy generator) and a heat distribution system throughout the cottage, you need to take a closer look at the house itself. If heat loss through walls, windows, ventilation, subfloors and roofs is enormous, then no tricks to increase the efficiency of the internal heating circuit will help.

First you need to take care of the insulation of all structures and engineering systems dwellings.

With a high level of heat loss, any attempts to increase the efficiency of the heating system will be pointless; most of the heat will still go outside. Moreover, a lot of it will be required. The enclosed space of a cottage is one thing, but a street open to the winds and bad weather is quite another.

Insulation technology and materials are selected based on the climatic conditions of the area where the house is located. There are certain building standards with minimum requirements for wall thickness and thermal insulation for each Russian region. But without knowledge in heating engineering, it’s not worth doing the project yourself.

Either the calculations will be made incorrectly and the heat loss will be higher, or you will have to overpay for a layer of insulation that is too thick.

While viewing finished project and subsequent construction of the house, special attention should be paid to:

• double-glazed windows– up to 25% of all heat loss goes out through the windows;
• roof and attic floor – that’s another 10–15%;
• ventilation system– share of heat loss through ventilation with natural circulation can reach 40–50%.

Walls and floors are also places where heat escapes from a building. But initially no one neglects their insulation. But many owners of private houses often forget about ventilation and attics.

Another point is the presence of “cold bridges” in the enclosing structures. Any iron part that penetrates the wall from the street inside serves as a place for enormous heat loss.

Even a small metal pin slowly but inexorably “pulls” heat out of the home. There should be no such bridges in the project, and during construction it is important to ensure that they are not formed from various metal fasteners.

The image from a thermal imager shows that windows cause significant heat loss, so you should not forget about the need to install energy-saving double-glazed windows

In addition, “cold bridges” can become:

• ends of floor slabs;
• window and door slopes;
• basement walls;
• lintels and inserts made of concrete or iron.

All these places must be carefully insulated, otherwise you can’t even dream of saving on heating. No one has ever managed to heat the street.

Depending on the quality of insulation, the thermal conductivity coefficient included in the thermal engineering calculation for one building can differ significantly. The thicker the insulation and the fewer points of heat “leakage,” the smaller volumes of fuel have to be burned to heat the cottage.

The money spent on reducing heat loss will definitely pay off. You shouldn’t skimp on this issue, but you shouldn’t forget about the rationality of investments either.

Choosing the cheapest fuel

The second question in saving on heating is. Moreover, we need to look not so much at the cost of a kilocalorie leaving the boiler, but at the total costs of fuel, heating equipment and its maintenance. It is necessary to consider everything as a whole.

The cheapest in terms of the price of generated thermal energy are wood pellets and main gas, but they are also the most expensive in terms of initial costs (+)

If we compare different water heating units, the cheapest ones will be. However, electricity bills are unlikely to make anyone happy later. Plus, for a large cottage, in most cases you will have to lay an additional cable.

For a well-insulated house of 100 square meters, the existing capacity may be sufficient. But heating a two-story home will require much more electric “fuel.” At the same time, standard networks were not initially designed for such loads.

Natural gas in Russia is considered one of the most economical ways to heat private homes. However, there are several nuances here. If there is already a highway in the village, then it happens quite quickly and inexpensively.

But if the distance from the house to it is 200 m or more, then cutting into this pipe will cost a pretty penny. Plus, all approvals and receipt of technical conditions can take up to a year.

For the equipment you will have to pay from 150 to 250 thousand rubles. Fortunately, most companies dealing with similar equipment complete all the work in a couple of days.

The price of liquefied gas for it in almost all Russian regions is ultimately equal to what comes from the main pipe. But the initial costs are frankly stinging.

Another fairly cheap boiler is one that runs on exhaust or diesel. Moreover, if fuel can be obtained at a reasonable price, then this may well become the most economical way to heat private housing.

Averaged across Russia, heating options for a country house based on the totality of all costs are arranged in the following order:

1. Wood or coal stove.
2. Gas boiler using mains gas.
3. Wood-burning.
4. Boiler equipment on liquid fuel.
5. Electric boiler.

The most economical option is an ordinary wood or coal stove, provided it is true that there are no problems with fuel in the area of ​​residence. This is due to both the low cost of fuel and the low cost of equipment.

However, such a stove requires constant supervision. And this takes a lot of time and effort. Plus, it is unlikely that it will be possible to particularly improve the efficiency of the heating system connected to it. It is difficult to adjust anything or somehow control the economical consumption of logs (coal).

Much in the matter of the cheapness of fuel depends on its availability in the area where the house is located - in some regions coal or firewood are the cheapest, while in others gas will give them a considerable head start

An electric boiler is the most convenient and safe to use. It doesn’t need a chimney, plus the automation itself monitors everything and heats up the coolant in the system as needed.

With proper installation of electrical wiring, the likelihood of a fire with this heating method is reduced to almost zero. He certainly shouldn’t present any other problems.

However, energy costs are frankly high. It’s also good if you can connect a two-tariff meter with a reduced nightly rate. Otherwise, you should opt for an electric boiler only as a last resort. It is difficult to call it the most “economical” due to the high costs of “burned” kilowatts of electricity.

Increasing the efficiency of your heating system

To increase the efficiency of heating a home, it is also possible and necessary to introduce various technologies that reduce fuel consumption into the heating system. There are a huge number of ways to route pipelines from the boiler to the radiators.

Some of them are cheaper to implement, while others are the most economical in terms of reducing losses during transportation of coolant to the batteries.

The efficiency of a home heating system depends on the correctly selected boiler power, pipe layout and even the pipeline material

There are heating equipment of different designs and various additional equipment that can increase the efficiency of the entire system by 10–15% or more. But here you should carefully weigh the pros and cons. In some cases, the costs at the initial stage may not be recouped later.

There is no need to chase the “most economical” and “most effective” options. Often these are just advertising slogans and nothing more.

Method #1: pipe routing and “warm floor”

The most economical piping layout is with a central collector. When using it, each radiator receives the same volume of coolant.

Moreover, it is possible for each battery to adjust the amount of heat supplied individually. Extra expenses thermal energy when transporting heated water across heating pipes with such wiring are practically excluded.

The boiler manifold circuit is most effective in terms of balancing the hydraulic resistance of individual circuits and controllability of heat flows (+)

Almost always, with collector wiring, the heating system has to be supplemented. Thanks to it, the difference in water temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the network is significantly reduced.

As a result, the controllability of coolant heating and the efficiency of the entire system are increased. Less fuel has to be burned in the boiler, which results in direct savings on fuel.

The beam (collector) option is the most economical to operate. However, due to the long length of pipelines, it is also the most expensive to implement.

To maximize the efficiency of your heating system, you can simply abandon radiators and replace them with “warm floor” pipes

Warmth from regular batteries first it rises to the ceiling, and only then, due to convection, it spreads throughout the room. As a result, the hottest air ends up near the ceiling. And to prevent your feet from freezing on the floor in the cold outside the window, you have to open the radiators all the way. And this again additional expenses to generate heat.

The system is the most economical way heating of residential premises. In this case, the warmest air is concentrated below at the level of a person’s feet. At the same time, heat consumption is reduced, and the most comfortable conditions for people are created in the room.

Method #2: the most efficient boilers

The highest efficiency is found in pyrolysis and condensation boilers. It is difficult to find more economical heating equipment in heating equipment stores. The first option uses wood as fuel, and the second uses gas. In terms of efficiency, they outperform all other analogues using any flammable coolant.

A pyrolysis boiler differs from a conventional wood-burning boiler in the presence of a second firebox and in the fact that in fact it is not wood as such that burns there, but the gas obtained as a result of pyrolysis.

First, the logs smolder in it at high temperatures and limited air supply. And only then the resulting gases burn in the main chamber, releasing heat.

Compared to a standard wood-burning analogue, it has more high efficiency(by 30–40%) and requires less attention to yourself. The interval between loading firewood, depending on the capacity of the firebox, reaches 10–16 hours.

The savings here come from absolutely complete combustion fuel and a minimum of heat release with combustion products into the chimney.

A gas condensing boiler is even more economical - it takes away thermal energy not only from the burned methane, but also from the products of its combustion

Taking into account the collection of additional heat, the final efficiency of such a boiler reaches 105–110%. Here, the energy of both the burned gas and that obtained as a result of the condensation of water vapor occurring in the second chamber is taken into account.

Method #3: choosing a heat accumulator

One more is enough effective method saving on heating is by connecting a heat accumulator to a solid fuel boiler. The latter first accumulates heat in itself, and then gradually releases it to the batteries.

In this case, it is not necessary to forcibly limit the power of the coolant heating equipment, simply throwing out the heat into the chimney pipe.

If electricity is supplied to the cottage at different rates day and night, then the heat accumulator can also be included in a system with an electric boiler. In this case, it will accumulate heat at night, when electricity is cheaper.

Renewable heat sources

When calculating the costs in detail with heat pumps, wind turbines, solar collectors and batteries, the situation looks like this. They generate heat and electricity for a private home, but at first glance it is free. Of course, the sun and wind do not bill for heating, but such generation equipment is very expensive.

In Europe, renewable energy is sometimes subsidized from the state budget. Plus, the price tag for fossil fuels is frankly stinging. Therefore, “green technologies” there are economically justified and relatively effective.

In Russia the situation is radically different. Our state is not going to subsidize it yet. And prices for domestic firewood, coal and gas, compared to their neighbors in the west, are not so high.

As a result, based on the totality of all costs, it is difficult to call heat pumps, solar panels and wind turbines particularly economical. They generally show their effectiveness only in remote areas where it is difficult and expensive to deliver burned fuel.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Choosing the most economical option heating for your cottage, you should take into account many factors and parameters, and the following selection of video materials will definitely help you with this.

Which heating is better:

What is the cheapest fuel to heat a country house:

How much does gas and electric heating cost:

There is no universal option for the cheapest and most economical heating. For each specific house it is necessary to calculate all costs for fuel, equipment for heating the coolant and the arrangement of the heating system as a whole.

Often you have to start from the availability of a particular fuel, and only then select a boiler for it. Plus, you should absolutely not forget about high-quality insulation of the cottage and pipes to radiators.

Due to the permanent rise in fuel prices, homeowners are trying to minimize their costs for heating their premises. A natural question arises: what kind of heating is the most economical in a private home, and how can you reduce the burden on the family budget? At the same time, it is necessary to provide comfortable living conditions during the cold season.

City residents apartment buildings, which are heated from centralized networks, as a rule, cannot choose and are content with the proposed heating method.

Owners of private cottages in this regard have more possibilities and can provide themselves with the most suitable heating method by installing an efficient and easy-to-maintain heating system. Moreover, some of the latter can be installed with your own hands, without involving specialists.

Comparative cost analysis of different types of heating systems

When choosing a heating method for a country house, most of our fellow citizens confuse two obvious things. We are talking about the costs of purchasing and installing a heating system and the costs of maintaining a comfortable temperature regime. There is an inverse relationship between them: the cheaper the equipment, the more expensive the heat it produces will cost.

Any competent specialist in the field of heating engineering will confirm that the so-called “economical heating” is in most cases a ploy of marketers.

The effectiveness of a particular system depends on a number of factors, including external factors beyond human control, for example, climatic conditions and the dynamics of rising fuel prices. To estimate the costs of heating buildings, special techniques are used to determine the cost of one gigacalorie (Gcal) of thermal energy.

The mentioned calculation methods are, in fact, quite complex and therefore usually come down to simplified calculations based on statistical data over a fairly large period of time. This period can be five or ten years. This is the only way to obtain more or less reliable information about the efficiency of this or that heating equipment.

Currently the most profitable and efficient heating device residential buildings is a heat pump. It will cost 4 times less to use than equipment running on traditional gas or coal. However, this is exploitation, but acquisition heat pump and the costs of its installation are very expensive and do not even pay off in the first few years of its use.

Classification of heating systems

When choosing a method for heating a private home, the owner is faced with a huge variety of heating systems offered by domestic and foreign manufacturers. The latter are classified according to three criteria:

• by type of fuel used: solid fuel, electric, gas, universal;
• by heating method: traditional water and air ducts;
• according to the principle of operation: chemical combustion reaction, conversion of electricity into thermal energy, etc.

Today, they are actively studying and proposing alternative methods receiving heat. So, solar collectors used for heating and water heating. However, a significant part of our country is located in latitudes where the level of insolation is insufficient for the use of such systems to be truly effective.

Let's take a closer look at the most traditional ways heating of private houses.

Gas boilers

To heat housing, methane is mainly used, which is supplied through main pipeline systems and distribution networks. On this moment This is the most economical way to heat a private home.

In areas where gasification has not yet been carried out, gas tanks with a liquefied propane-butane mixture can be used.

A modern gas boiler is fully automated and ensures that the desired temperature in the house is maintained depending on weather conditions. This allows you to reduce fuel consumption during warming, helping to save money in the family budget.

At the same time, gas prices are rising, which, coupled with the high costs of purchasing and installing the appropriate equipment and obtaining permission to operate it, makes the use of this type of fuel not so profitable.

Electric heating

In recent years, the popularity of electric boilers has been gaining momentum. When choosing the most economical heating, our compatriots are increasingly giving preference to electricity. U this method space heating has a number of advantages:

• Low prices for convectors and components for heated floors.
• Relative ease of installation - even a non-specialist can lay power wiring in any room and install the boiler there.
• Autonomy and efficiency - the system turns on with the onset of cold weather and does not require attention until the end of winter. At the same time, the automation maintains the set temperature.

Of course, gas will cost several times less than electricity, but, nevertheless, the use of the latter is justified, first of all, in rural areas. Here, tariffs are lower, and with subsidies and the installation of a two-zone meter, electric heating becomes a fairly profitable option.

Solid fuel boilers

Classic solid fuel boilers They are relatively inexpensive and easy to install. In fact, this is a slightly improved version of a conventional stove with all its disadvantages: low efficiency and the need to regularly add firewood or coal.

The most economical heating systems for a private home at the moment can be considered solid fuel boilers - pyrolysis and. By retrofitting a solid fuel boiler with a pellet or gas burner, you can save a decent amount of money during operation. Using pellets is several times cheaper than burning regular firewood, and the system itself is completely automated. Regarding availability gas burner, then the ability to switch to an alternative type of fuel if necessary is a fairly useful option.

IN Lately Omnivorous waste heat boilers have appeared on the market, consuming any combustible materials. They burn not only traditional types solid fuel, but also all kinds of solid household waste. We do not recommend this type of heating equipment due to its questionable environmental friendliness.

Types of heating systems by heating method

Maintaining normal temperature conditions in the premises is ensured by the most different ways. Experts distinguish the following types of heating systems according to the method of heat transfer:

• Water. The coolant is heated by a gas, solid fuel or electric boiler; circulation can be natural or forced.
• Air. Warming of the premises is provided by electric or gas convectors, as well as heated surfaces of furnaces.
• Heating with open fire. We're talking about classic wood burning fireplaces, which, by the way, have extremely low efficiency and can be considered exclusively as additional source warmth and interior decoration.

Recently, heated floors have become widespread, which can hardly be called the most economical type of home heating - they are quite expensive to install. However, this is a real find for those who do not like radiators hanging on the walls. In addition, heated floors provide stable and uniform heating of all rooms.

Alternative and hybrid heating systems

Taking into account the regular rise in fuel prices, it is logical to assume that the most economical way to heat a home is the one in which the latter is not needed at all. Such heating systems exist - these are solar collectors and heat pumps.

The effectiveness of the first option seems very doubtful - taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian climate, it can only be considered as an addition to the main equipment.

Heat pumps are for real innovative technology. Residential and other premises in a private house are heated using low-temperature energy from the earth's interior. The main disadvantage of a heat pump is the high costs of purchasing and installing equipment; its payback period in our country is up to 10 years.

If you are forced to choose which heating is the most economical, it makes sense to think about the most effective systems. Application in parallel installed equipment will reduce your space heating costs by using cheaper fuel depending on the situation. You can also buy a solid fuel boiler with built-in heating elements and equip it with a gas burner.

For each residential building, whether it is a large apartment building or we're talking about For private one- and two-story households, the organization of efficient heating is of great importance. Existing options Today there is quite a lot of heating, however, due to technical capabilities, not every house can be connected to gas. It is not always possible to supply solid fuel or liquid fuel boilers with the required amount of fuel. In such situations, the house will be heated with electricity.

Already at the design stage of an electric heating system, we can conclude that this heating method will be much cheaper and more economical. Moreover, if you compare the speed of installation of electrical equipment with the installation and installation of other types of heating systems. In some cases, efficiency is a decisive factor when choosing a heating system. Despite the fact that today electricity is constantly becoming more expensive, new technologies make it possible to use electric heating devices with high efficiency.

Electric heating in your home - the main advantages and disadvantages

The concept of electric heating should be understood as a fairly wide range technical means and opportunities. Electricity is a unique type of artificially produced energy that can be successfully used for domestic purposes. Electric heating can be of two types:

• with intermediate coolant;
• with direct heat transfer.

In the first case, we are talking about a system based on an electric boiler that heats the coolant and distributes it through a pipeline system. In the second case, we are talking about independent heating elements and devices powered by electrical network. To heat a house, like any other room, convectors, thermal electric fans, spiral and infrared heaters are actively used. This heating method is much simpler from a technical point of view. The only negative is a significant overconsumption of electricity, which will have to be paid for. Warm floors deserve a separate discussion, a technology that makes it possible to truly achieve comfort in heating living spaces.

If we consider the ratio of the possibilities and benefits obtained from using electric heating with other types of heating, then electricity will look preferable. Main advantage electrical systems heating – high efficiency. Other positive points include:

• durability of operating systems;
• ease of maintenance and operation;
• fairly reasonable costs for the purchase of equipment, installation and connection.
• silent operation and high level safety of modern electric heating installations;
• absence permitting documents for the installation of electric heating systems.

The economic effect is achieved by installing thermostats on electric heating devices, thanks to which automatic switching on, power off.

The above advantages are offset by one disadvantage. To install sufficiently powerful heating electrical appliances and an electric boiler in a house, additional equipment of the residential building with electrical distribution devices and devices will be required.

Important! The wiring in the house must be able to withstand significant loads, especially in the cold season. In addition to everything, the electrical distribution board must be equipped with a multi-tariff meter, which allows intensive use of the night cheap tariff. The main task when installing electric heating systems is to optimize the operation of the entire complex.

Electric boiler or convector - what's the difference? What should you pay attention to?

From a technological point of view, an electric boiler is the most favorable in terms of price-quality ratio. Before making a purchase, you should carefully study the technical capabilities and characteristics of the models on the market. When assessing the capabilities of the boiler, it is necessary to take into account the amount of work that the new equipment will have to cope with. To heat a house with an area of ​​150 m2, according to rough calculations, at least 150 kW of electricity per day will be required. Not every boiler is able to cope with such a volume, and not all power lines are able to withstand such a load.

The boiler is connected to a regular standard water heating system, heating the coolant during its operation.

Each model is equipped, which allows residents to independently choose the temperature regime. The automation itself regulates the boiler power based on the specified parameters, without requiring human intervention, providing the necessary energy savings. The water supply is also regulated using a built-in pump, so there is no reason to worry about normal pressure in the system. Optional equipment, which is supplied with most modern models of electric boilers today, increases the functionality of the system and is aimed at reducing electricity consumption, saving you money.

In the process of optimizing work, it is important to consider heat losses, which are characteristic of the room. This indicator depends directly on the thickness of the walls, the presence of insulation, the number of doors and window openings. The main heat loss occurs through windows and doors.

Not in last resort The heating efficiency depends on the parameters of the selected electric boiler model. There are classic boilers with heating elements, as well as more efficient ones modern options– induction and electrode (ionic). Moreover, they all have an efficiency coefficient of 90%.

For reference: Often, manufacturers write in the accompanying documents for the product that the efficiency of the model is 95-98%. The numbers look impressive, although in reality the figures are much lower, in the range of 90-92%.

When used simultaneously large quantity electrical household appliances, the temperature of the coolant in the electric heating system can be reduced, saving on balanced electricity consumption. Each specific case provides different options for savings, in contrast to the use of other heating systems. For example, an area of ​​50 m2 will require an electric boiler with a power of 3 kW. Having the necessary figures at hand, it is not at all difficult to calculate the number of kilowatts that will be consumed during the month with continuous operation of the boiler.

Eg:

• house area – 50 m2;
• electric boiler – power 3 kW;

We make arithmetic calculations using the following formula: 3x24x30, where 24 is the number of hours in a day, 30 is the number of days in a month. We get 2160 kW per month with the boiler running, and now we multiply this figure by the electricity tariff that is established in your region.

All calculations are approximate. The real amount of energy costs will be visible only after some time. Only then can you make independent adjustments to the operation of the heating system in the house and decide on the advisability of using other electrical appliances in your home.

If you need to organize heating in own home Without laying highways and installing numerous equipment, you can get by with convectors. Unlike electric water heating in convectors, the main operating principle is convection warm air. Due to work heating elements The surrounding air is heated. The system is almost completely autonomous, compact and capable of quickly warming up small interior spaces.

Convectors are equipped with temperature regulators, with which you can set optimal parameters heating The presence of automation ensures automatic switching on/off of the device depending on the temperature conditions inside the room. To install heaters of this type, you must have high-quality sockets and reliable wiring.

Convectors can be installed both on walls and on the floor. The cooled air falls down, falling into the field of action of the heating elements, heats up again and rises up, and so on in a vicious circle. Thus, the process of convection of air masses is achieved. The operating mode for heating convectors is 60-100 0 C. Additionally, the room can be equipped with fans, the action of which will speed up the air exchange of the air mass. Despite the apparent simplicity of the design and the elementary principle of operation, heating of the room with the help of convectors is carried out unevenly. The air near the ceiling will be warmer, while the air masses below will feel cooler.

To achieve savings when using convectors, it is enough to carry out a simple mathematical calculation that allows you to determine required amount devices for normal heating of the room. Practice shows that convectors are effective in heating wooden residential and domestic buildings small area. In capital, stone buildings with large premises, it is not advisable to use convectors. Large volumes of air quickly cool down, the time for heating the room by convection of air masses increases significantly. Consequently, the energy consumption of the heating system increases.

Warm floor - economical heating of a private house

An electric boiler and convectors are not the only options for equipping a private home with efficient heating system, powered by electricity. Warm floors, which today have become fashionable to install in country houses and in apartments it can be a successful alternative to any other heating option. From the point of view of physics, a warm floor does not provide a noticeable effect in heating residential premises, however, in comparison with the operation of other electric heating devices, thanks to a warm floor, it is possible to reduce energy costs for heating.

The required effect is achieved through rational heat distribution. Floors are known to be the coolest part of any room. Thanks to heated floors the coldest part of the room is automatically repurposed from a cooler into a source of thermal energy. The air heated from below throughout the entire area of ​​the room rises upward in uniform flows. For residential premises, heated floors provide savings of 30-40%; for heating other premises, savings can be 50% or more.

With the help of temperature regulators, optimal heating parameters are achieved. Having independently decided on temperature conditions indoors it is possible to achieve significant savings in energy consumption.

The advantages of heated floors are:

• an effective way to quickly warm up rooms;
• acceptable economic indicators;
• a comfortable indoor microclimate is maintained (oxygen is not burned);
• simplicity and reliability in operation.

Compared to the advantages that underfloor heating has, the only drawback of this electric heating option seems insignificant. The problem lies in the complexity of installing such a heating system, associated with the need to reorganize the floor covering.

A preliminary calculation of the cost of heating costs in this case is as follows:

The approximate power of standard models used in everyday life is 1.5 kW per 10 m 2. We calculate the average daily consumption and get a figure of 360 kW. For rooms of other sizes, calculations are made according to the same principle, the power varies in proportion to the area.

For reference: 360 kW x 2.5 (tariff 2.5 rubles, approximately) we get 900 rubles. Now let’s multiply the resulting figure by real square meters, for example 50 m 2. As a result, we face a figure of 4,500 rubles.

Today there is big choice options to achieve the necessary comfort inside a residential building using electric heating.

Each of us has the right to choose which heating option suits him best. Electric boiler, heated floor or electric heating devices - options that solve specific tasks. You can solve the problem globally by creating a major heating system or resolve issues locally. You can achieve savings in any case if you rationally equip your home with heating elements, reduce heat loss in the room and optimize the operation of the entire energy system in the house.

The most expensive resource today is energy. But you can’t do without them even in summer, and in winter, heating your home is a significant expense item. How to determine the most economical method at home?

There is an inverse relationship between the efficiency of heating and the cost of equipment: the more expensive it is to purchase, the cheaper it will be to operate.

What is the most economical heating in a private house? There is no universal answer to this question.

In forests, the cheapest fuel may be firewood; in areas of coal or peat mining, coal or peat, respectively.

In some places it is possible to connect gas, but in others it is not. The most economical electric heating is expensive in any case, but there are options to choose from.

To heat houses the following are used:

• and convectors;
• solid fuel - firewood, pellets, coal, peat, briquettes, wood and crop waste;
• liquid fuel;
• , other electrical appliances;
• heat pumps. We will not consider this option: installation of the system is very expensive, it pays off in 10 years;
• solar panels and collectors. The installation is not justified: batteries collect little energy on winter and cloudy days.

Purchasing a diesel boiler is justified when the household is large (for example, a farm) and the owners have access to cheap fuel. Diesel boilers are produced only with high power; these are not required for a medium-sized house.

But the equipment has many disadvantages: environmental damage, noisy operation, large dimensions and weight, fire hazard. The compact modification of the liquid fuel unit - the exhaust boiler - is also environmentally harmful and fire hazardous. It is low-power, but it is not installed in the house, only in utility buildings.

Another option on how to save on heating a private home: purchase a combined/universal boiler for two or more types fuel. When purchased, it will cost more than any other.

But, firstly, under no circumstances will you be left without heating: in the absence of one energy source, you will switch to another. Secondly, there is room for savings. For example, expensive electricity can be burned only at “cheap” night time (with two-tariff payment), and during the day it can be heated with wood or coal.

System Features

Not all methods of heating a private home involve a water pipeline, although it is the most popular. Another option is air heating. This includes gas and electric convectors, all other electrical appliances, except for the electric boiler - it works with liquid coolants.

In the solid fuel category, this is a Buleryan boiler - it heats the room using the principle of convection through pipes extending from the firebox. If the house has a large area, air ducts are connected to the pipes.

Diagram of the Buleryan boiler.

When it comes to water systems, the first issue is proper design. In a small one-story house you can install a system with natural circulation, without a pump, and do without electricity at all. This option is not suitable for a large area; heating will be uneven and ineffective.

In a large house, radiant wiring outperforms others in terms of efficiency: all heating devices receive hot coolant. No need to install original high temperature, and this saves fuel.

If you prefer as heating devices heated floors, your choice is a condensing boiler (). They are low temperature, but the efficiency is the highest in the category.

Relatively recently in Russia appeared new way heating houses - biogas. Also gas, but obtained using “home” methods, you don’t have to pay for it. How to make cheap heating in your home: install an airtight container, regularly add organic waste to it and add water. The gas that is released during fermentation is redirected to the home gas pipeline.

Solid fuel

Wood is the most economical heating of a private house without gas (). In addition to firewood, there are units that use other types of fuel. The choice depends on what is cheaper for you. If there is more than one type of cheap fuel, buy a boiler with two fireboxes.

You can save on operation if you purchase a boiler long burning ().

There are three types:

• with an elongated chamber and dosed oxygen supply;
• with top ignition;
• pyrolysis, which burns, in addition to the fuel itself, the pyrolysis gas released during combustion.

You have to add firewood to the firebox of a conventional boiler at least every two hours. For the most “long-lasting” pyrolysis plants, fuel is added twice a day (). It is not only more convenient, but also much more economical.

Electricity

Let's try to choose cheap heating for a private house in this category. When installing a water system, a boiler is used. It is more expensive to operate than others, but with properly organized heating, costs can be reduced.

Other options:

• oil radiators;
• heat guns and fan heaters;
• convectors;
• infrared equipment.

Guns consume a lot permanent job they are not calculated. This is an emergency option when you need to warm the house in a matter of minutes. Oil heaters consume less. Convectors are even more profitable, especially if they are placed well: floor and baseboard ones are considered the most effective. The devices are low-power; for proper heating you will have to install several units.

Warm floors come in cable and infrared varieties. Experts call infrared floors more economical and efficient. High efficiency is achieved due to the fact that not only the principle of convection works, but also the reflection of heat waves from any objects in the room, ceilings, walls.

For very cold winter one gender may not be enough. In such cases infrared film They are also installed on walls and ceilings.

Video about the cheaper way to heat a country house.