Developing your own business, especially a small business, is quite difficult.
To support such structures, special programs are provided. Their goal is to help budding entrepreneurs implement their projects and become a full-fledged business entity. How to get such a welcome and always timely help?

What is a grant?

A grant is funds (money or equipment) that are donated and irrevocable, but with a subsequent report on their use.

Both domestic and foreign donors act as grand givers.

The recipients of funds are individuals or legal entities. The purpose of the procedure may be the need to perform work of a certain significance, including scientific, technological, cultural or social.

Giver's hand

In different countries, charitable foundations provide targeted assistance to those who want to realize their plans in public life... Projects that promote social progress are a priority. Grandgivers are classified according to various criteria. Understanding the classification of grant givers allows you to better prepare for the requirements of each individual.

So, the classification is based on the following parameters:
Type of ownership:

• public or private donors;
• foreign or mixed donors.

The purpose of the grant:

• implementation of social projects;
• business projects.

Scale:

• Individual,
• Enterprises and legal entities.

State structures

The state annually issues billions of rubles for various grants. Many regions of the Russian Federation support targeted programs that contribute to the development of small businesses. Therefore, participation in competitions providing the possibility of obtaining a grant is a good opportunity for the implementation of a business project.

Of course, a completely natural question arises, why does the state need this? If with social programs, everything is more or less clear, in the case of the development of small business, the state, including the local municipality, is actually investing money in the enterprise.

As a result, when a project is being implemented, the state receives its dividends in the form of taxes and other fees.

The proceeds are used primarily for solving social problems. Thus, the logic of the government is simple, the more money receipts, the more more possibilities to help those in need.

Private foundations

As mentioned above, in addition to government sources, there are also private organizations. The purpose of their existence is to ensure targeted monetary investments. The direction for such distribution of money can be quite specific spheres of social activity.

Charitable organizations in most cases are created by large companies wishing to finance those areas of life that are provided for by their charter.

As practice shows, foundations preferentially finance education, science, medicine and healthcare. Also relevant areas are programs related to environment, culture, industry.

Conditions for obtaining a grant for the development of small business

To take part in the competition, you first need to find out where the nearest Foundation is located, which issues grants. The next step is to search for announcements about the beginning of the competition. Specialized magazines or the Internet can come to the rescue.

In parallel, it will be necessary to find out the conditions for participation in the competition. It so happens that the conditions for obtaining a grant are different, but usually to take part in them, you need to be on the market for no more than 2 years.

In other words, foundations are more likely to provide support to start-up entrepreneurs.

At the same time, in order to receive a grant, the company must also take financial part in the project. On average, the size of its investments ranges from 60 to 80%.

After studying the conditions, you need to send an application and start preparing for the competition. After registering as a participant, next step preparation of a business project should be. Special care must be taken here. The answer to the question: "How to win a grant in 2019?" depends entirely on the commercial qualities of the applicant.

Do not forget that economically sound projects are a priority. In addition, it is desirable that projects represent technical novelty. Also, it will not be superfluous to have prospects for the development of production. The applicant should additionally prepare a package of documents proving the usefulness of his project for society. In addition, an applicant wishing to win a grant can arrange mini-presentations. In other words, the main task of a potential grant recipient is to provide maximum support for his project.

The documents

List of required documents:

• Document confirming state registration.
• Document confirming registration with the Federal Tax Service.
• Constituent documents of a legal entity. Copies of the above documents can be provided.
• Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities or EGRIP.
• Certificate on the number of personnel for the current reporting period (for legal entities).
• Business project (indicating the cost and timing of the project, as well as the address of the location of the object).
• Certificate of the Federal Tax Service on the fulfillment by the applicant of tax obligations and on the payment of insurance premiums. This also includes the question of whether there are tax sanctions.
• Copies of documents confirming funding from the applicant for the implementation of the project (contracts or payment orders).
• Document confirming the creation of new jobs.

These documents are transferred to the tender commission, which checks the accuracy of the information and makes the final decision.
Note: a certificate from the Federal Tax Service must be issued no later than one month before filing an application.

Requirements for applicants

Different authorities can demand anything from a candidate for help.
For example: in the Orenburg region, in order to receive subsidies, the applicant must:

• be an entrepreneur for no more than 1 year;
• complete training in entrepreneurship (unless the applicant already has an economic education);
• plan your activities in accordance with those activities that are provided for by the target program.

The following areas are subject to subsidies:

• Production of goods;
• farming development;
• craft activities;
• production and processing of agricultural products;
• construction of industrial facilities;
• tourism development;
• construction of cultural facilities;
• catering (including workers or student canteens);
• research of innovative technologies;
• development of industries that accompany city-forming enterprises;
• domestic services.

To get government subsidies, you need to take the following steps:

• Register at an employment center;
• Register now individual entrepreneur and submit documents to the employment center;
• Draw up a business plan, in which it is necessary to indicate: the purpose of obtaining a subsidy, an estimate of costs, economic feasibility and payback periods.

See also the video about receiving a grant for the development of a farm

Requested amount limits

To understand how an entrepreneur will be able to realize his plans, it is important to understand how much benefactors will be able to offer him.

Usually the amount of the grant does not exceed 300 thousand rubles.

The lower bound has no definition. But behind the scenes less 50 thousand rubles do not offer - does not make sense.

Receiving procedure

As mentioned earlier, a potential grant recipient should contact the state employment center. The second option is to search for a private foundation and announce the start of the competition. After familiarization with the terms of participation in the competition, you need to send an application and start preparing for the competition. It is advisable to attach a letter to the application stating the social importance of the project.

When submitting an application, you can adhere to the following structure:

• content of the project;
• general message;
• applicant's resume;
• the problem under discussion;
• tasks and goals;
• solution methods;
• project budget;
• risk assessment;
• applications.

The Foundations usually establish a list of required documentation and the scope of the application itself. The package of documents may include a biography of the applicant, financial statements and letters of recommendation. The applicant is required to do everything possible to be noticed.

Of course, there are cases of refusal to issue a grant, and this also needs to be prepared. The reasons for refusal are different, in particular, inappropriate subject of the project or a similar project has already been funded. Among the reasons for the refusal, there are also cases when the applicants asked for a too small amount of funds.

In case the applicant passed the competitive selection and won the grant, the next stage will be its implementation. In this case, every effort must be made to use it as efficiently as possible. This, in turn, is due to the fact that it will be necessary to report in detail on the implementation of the business project.

The right approach will help you earn a reputation as a reliable entrepreneur and, as a result, ask for an additional grant, but already for the expansion of the current project.

This time, in the documentation, it will be enough just to edit the numbers. In practice, there are cases when individual companies after some time were invited to join expert councils, and also develop thanks to the systemic support from the Foundations.

Business plan submission

Before submitting a business plan, you must first study the rules for its preparation. Often, it is inattention that becomes the reason for the refusal to issue grants. Funds are more inclined towards economically viable projects that are distinguished by innovation or are capable of influencing the development of the market.

The business plan must be accompanied by a detailed description, tables, graphs, illustrations and an additional package of documents.

The procedure for obtaining a government grant is the same as in the case of charitable foundations. However, the receipt of money may be partial and require simultaneous reporting on their use. In some cases, grants are partially awarded by equipment.

To increase the chances of getting a grant, you need to follow certain rules when writing a business plan:

• It is not necessary to indicate the maximum amount of the subsidy, so as not to get the impression that the entrepreneur does not understand well what he will be doing.
• You must use the opportunity to create maximum number work places.
• Specify as much as possible your requests, substantiating that money is needed for equipment, furniture, transport, etc. The business plan should contain a detailed list of everything necessary for the implementation of the project.
• If possible, attach copies of letters of intent so that you can see practical side project and potential market sales. Warehouse or office lease agreements will also be a plus.
• Avoid underreporting tax deductions. Ideally, you can attach a tax calculation for a 3 year period.
• Competent economic calculations must be applied to the business plan. Here, calculations will not be superfluous, which display the sensitivity analysis of the business in the event that there is a change in the cost of goods or the level of its sales. To carry out the necessary calculations, it is advisable to use Excel and demo graphs.
• Do not forget that the calculations carried out should ideally have a double margin of safety. It is advisable to avoid specifying the minimum wage for personnel, it is allowed to use an inflated rental value, but do not overstate the cost of equipment.
• The design of a business plan should be extremely accurate. Its volume should not be less than 60 sheets. It is good if it is accompanied by photos of products, office and future equipment.
• The prospective grant recipient must be well versed in own project and clearly answer the questions posed by the commission.

Timing

When asked how long an application for a grant will be considered, Foundation staff usually answer that from 1 to 2 months.

But in reality, consideration of the application can take up to a year.

In this regard, it is better to clarify at the very beginning whether your topic is suitable, and whether there have been similar applications from your competitors. This will help you avoid wasting your time.

Preferred types of business

The priority target group to receive a grant, entrepreneurs and unemployed registered in the established order are recognized. In addition, priority is given to military personnel who have been retired due to redundancies.

Entrepreneurs engaged in socially oriented activities, as well as offering opening a large number jobs after receiving subsidies and expanding production.

According to statistics, about 30% entrepreneurs who have received a grant for the development of small businesses are engaged in the provision of services, 20% - develop production and only 12% - are engaged in trade. In addition, to date, the "State program related to the development of agriculture, including regulating the markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2013-2020" has been developed. Support priorities are set to it.

Reporting on funds provided

Building trust includes timely reporting. To do this, you just need to follow the recommendations of the Foundation. The receipt of grants in the future directly depends on the order and form of the reports submitted by the applicant.

It should be remembered that individual provisions may differ for different Funds, but there are requirements that are the same for everyone. Therefore, the possible nuances of reporting should be discussed at the stage of concluding an agreement on receiving grant funds. These details usually include the deadline for submitting the report and its content.

In addition, you need to understand that the report on the intended use of the grant is divided into two components: financial and substantive. It is better to invite an accountant to prepare the financial component. Usually his data is indicated in the application. Ideally, if it will be an employee of your company who knows how to handle financial documents. The substantive part of the report, as a rule, lies with the project manager.

The financial report is accompanied by:

• Documents confirming the costs incurred.
• Documents according to which payments were made.
• Register of documents attached to the report.

• A certificate indicating the date, location and purpose of the project, as well as the tasks and participants.
• Concise information about the organizations that take part in the project.
• Program of events.
• Photos.
• Displaying the results.
• Constructive suggestions.
• An extended description of the essence of the actions taken.
• Transcript of activities.
• Messages in the media (links to information sources are displayed).
• The text of the report (for individuals).
• Layout of the book (for publishing projects).
• Other information that has been agreed with the grant recipient.

If we turn to the realities of our days, the grant is not such a tidbit. Getting it - sheer difficulties and a struggle with the bureaucracy. Among the applicants, there are probably several people who personally know the members of the commission. In our country, alas, it is not possible to defeat corruption in the coming years. And in case of success, the entrepreneur will be forced to report to everyone and everything about the work done and the funds spent.

But this subsidy still has its own charm, and it is undeniable. This is the gratuitousness of the amount provided, which, unlike a loan, has a very beneficial effect on the financial condition of the company.

You can look for information on how the state is going to help businessmen - beginners and not so much - on the Internet. On the portals of regional authorities are published full texts business support programs for the current and subsequent years. The main aspects of support are spelled out there: when and on what conditions you can get advice, when - benefits in paperwork, and when - a free subsidy or grant.

But it is better to use the information in the field. It's one thing what the region says, and quite another - what exactly your city or district is capable of. The provinces may not have enough money at all to implement any program. For this reason, it is necessary to visit the website of the local administration and look for information about the ongoing activities of the programs for business you are interested in. In addition, the authorities are obliged to publish announcements in the media about all stages of work under the program - the allocation of funds for the current year, the beginning of the competition, the deadlines for submitting applications, and the results.

You can go to the department of economics of the city or district administration in person - the specialists will provide you with all the necessary data to receive support.

I went exactly this way - went to the local department for the development of entrepreneurship and in half an hour I was told and shown everything. I learned that in our area, start-up entrepreneurs can get money - just like that! Not on credit! And immediately caught fire - we must take!

How did I proceed? I ran to register an individual entrepreneur, open a bank account and wait for free money.

What should have been done? It was necessary to learn about those federal and regional problems that are being implemented in a particular city. Find information about the features of these programs and the proposed support measures. Talk personally not only with representatives of the administration, but also with those who have enjoyed such support before. Do not rush and weigh everything - the state does not have anything free.

Start-up business grant procedure

Just come to the appropriate authorities and declare your desire to receive budget resources not enough. It is necessary to participate in a certain action with clearly defined rules.

First you need to find out the deadlines for submitting an application for the competition, and then prepare required documents to participate in order to submit to the commission a full package of necessary papers - from a business plan to registration and statutory documents.

The commission (determined by a separate resolution) evaluates the applications of all participants, assigning points for specific criteria and parameters of the business. Those who will dial required amount points are candidates for support. If in the current year the budget of the program does not allow allocating money to all participants, then the funds are provided to businessmen who have scored the most points.

It's simple. The main thing is not to puncture at the stage of collecting and processing documents, so that the application is not wrapped up due to technical shortcomings and non-compliance with the requirements of the program. One of the main requirements that a candidate for a grant for start-up entrepreneurs must meet is not more than 1 year of experience in doing business. And there is a subsidy program for the development of already experienced business entities that have existed for more than 12 months. There are other requirements as well. But they must be mentioned separately.

Should be given Special attention terms of support programs. V different regions they can be different, and in each area its own nuances can be found. It could be about the amount of the grant and the way it was received.

In most constituent entities of the Russian Federation, limit size financial support for a start-up business in the amount of up to 300 thousand rubles. Moreover, they can be issued immediately after the approval of the application, or they can request documents that the entrepreneur has already invested his funds and asks to compensate for the costs at the expense of the budget.

I got a combination of these options. In order to receive a grant, I was obliged to immediately attach payment documents to the application on the expenditure of the same amount that I planned to receive from the budget. And after the money has been issued, attach the documents again stating that you spent this money for its intended purpose. That is, a novice entrepreneur had to pay at least 50% of all project costs in order to get the other half from the administration.

Drawing up an application and forming a package of documents for a grant for business

It is easy to fill out the application for participation in the competitive selection for a grant - know yourself, answer the questions and write down information about the company in a special form. It is more difficult with attachments to this application.

What documents will be required to receive an individual entrepreneur grant:

• Certificate of registration and registration and tax accounting;
• Information letter from the statistics authorities;
• Fresh extract from USRIP;
• Certificates from the FIU and off-budget funds about registration and absence of debt;
• A certificate from the tax office about the absence of debts in the payment of taxes and fees and the submission of reports;
• The very tax and financial statements for previous periods;
• Bank account agreement and certificate of absence of debt to the bank;
• Business plan.

The last item on this list is perhaps the most important one. This entire stack of documents, no matter how ideal it is, cannot be compared in importance with a business plan that describes the entire project and tells what exactly the requested funds will be used for.

In a business plan, you must carefully calculate the upcoming costs and potential income. At the same time, we must remember two limitations: they will not give money for a non-profit business, and the declared income indicators will be checked, so they should not be, not overestimate, do not underestimate, so that the plan coincides with the fact.

My mistake was not in the sum of proceeds and expenses, but in the fact that I did not take into account the timing of the receipt of funds. It's simple. I registered as a peasant farm back in the spring. In May, I already applied for the provision of funds, and then until September I was expecting a meeting of the commission and selection in the competition. And only a few days before the new year received money. Accordingly, my business plan, written taking into account the fact that the money will be received on June 1, as of January 1 of the following year, was unfulfilled. All my indicators were six months behind the schedule, certified by the administration. There were other difficulties as well.

In addition to the business plan and payback calculations, the commission evaluates such an indicator as budget efficiency. How profitable is the implementation of this project to the budget: how many jobs will be created, how many unemployed are employed, how much insurance premiums, taxes and fees have been paid?

An additional plus will be the creation of a socially significant business in a priority direction, which is approved in the support program. In some regions it is production, in others it is a processing industry, consumer services or handicrafts.

The farm of Peter Tatarintsev. With him, he began his entrepreneurial activity having received a grant from the state support of business.

Features of spending the grant funds

In the end, I received the grant, now it had to be spent. An important clarification - the cost plan was drawn up a long time ago and attached to the application and business plan, which were considered by a strict commission. It was necessary to write not only what was planned to be purchased, but also to indicate specific places of purchase and prices with maximum accuracy. Otherwise, it will be impossible to prove the targeted spending of funds. As soon as the money is allocated, you need to go to a specific place and buy what is indicated in the plan, certified by the administration.

Moreover, it is not possible to purchase with the grant funds anyhow, but fixed assets and equipment, it is impossible to pay off current expenses at the expense of the budget and issue, for example, salaries or pay taxes.

At a certain time (about 10-15 days), it was necessary to provide documents on the completed purchase - checks, receipts, invoices, delivery contracts for the exact amount and for those items that were approved.

One check for the equipment did not pass my check by the financial service, I had to look for the seller during the New Year holidays and force him to put the correct seal on sales receipt("Soft" copy).

After that, I thought - that's it. I received and spent the money, and even proved that I spent in accordance with the contract. It turned out that already in January I had to wait for a commission to inspect the business and what exactly I had done with the budget money. The commission's report was disappointing: I do not fulfill the planned activities on time. Let me remind you that I received the money six months later, but at the same time I had to go according to the schedule, as if I had already spent it a long time ago and was working at full capacity. I was given a quarter to correct the shortcomings. And six months later, I nevertheless decided to close the IP, but this is a completely different story.

Difficulties in obtaining a grant

Budget financing is not easy. If you are lucky and in your region / district / city there is not a lot of competition and struggle for a gratuitous subsidy, then this does not mean that you will easily pass the competition and get money. The grant funds may not be given to you because you promised to officially employ fewer people than the administration wants, or the white salary indicated to them lower than the industry average.

An important digression: if you decide to take money from the budget, be prepared for the fact that the administration wants to return this money back. But it is not easy to take it away, but in the form of legal levies - taxes and other fees, as well as insurance deductions for employees. Forget about minimizing costs and optimizing taxation - everything should be official, you won't be able to save money.

You can only purchase certain product categories. You will need to collect a lot of documents. But at the same time, funds from the budget can be allocated on a leftover basis and arrive only at the very end of the year, but no one cancels the obligation to fulfill the approved business plan. We must get out.

It turned out that I invested 50% of my own funds and waited for financial investments. He opened a current account, where funds from the administration were to be received, paid taxes and insurance premiums for six months, paid the bank commission. All this instead of investing in business. As a result, I spent on these organizational moments about as much as they promised to give me money.

The amount of the grant did not help me to get on my feet, but only depleted my revenue reserves. I did not put all the income from the farm into circulation, but to pay bills from the tax, off-budget funds, and the bank. This just coincided with the period of increasing contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and I had to give 9 thousand rubles a quarter, even when I had not yet started working.

In the end, I chose a different path - not trying to catch up with my own indicators to the level of a business plan and please the reviewers, but getting the money back. According to the terms of the contract, if I worked for three years and showed the declared results, then the money would go to me. If I did not reach the level set by myself, I would receive notifications about the need to bring it into line, and then penalties would be issued.

I decided to leave on my own. He returned the money to the budget, applied for the liquidation of the individual entrepreneur, closed the account, paid off the debts to the FSS, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the MHIF. And I continued to work, but now I remained a private household and could no longer ask for financial support and use grants, but I didn’t have to pay the state anything.

Now I advise all novice businessmen to think a hundred times whether they are ready for such expenses when receiving a free grant as financial support from the state. And I advise, if there is such an opportunity, to work at a convenient pace and with your own money, and not with funds from the budget.

Material of the article and photo prepared by: Maria specially for the magazine website

You have decided to step into entrepreneurship, and the only thing left is to find start-up capital. Or more? Everyone knows that without investments, things will not get off the ground. Seek help from friends or try to ask the state for money? Small business in 2017 can count on some types of grants and subsidies.

In any region, a novice entrepreneur is provided with at least two types of state aid:

1. Subsidy under the program of self-employment of the population in the employment center. Unemployed citizens will be allocated 58,800 rubles for these purposes.
2. Grant in the amount of 300 thousand rubles from the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation.

Subsidies

Each region of our country has certain quotas for the provision of subsidies. You can find out their number at the employment center. If there are few subsidies in your area, consider whether it is worth fighting for it - the amount is not high. There are regions where since 2015 such subsidies have been allocated only to residents of single-industry towns or already operating entrepreneurs.

It is possible to get the approval of the commission - it consists of no more than 6 people. Half of them are employees of the employment center, and the other half are invited guests. You will have about 7 minutes to answer guests' questions. There is no need to talk about the project, because the experts get acquainted with it beforehand. For them, the main thing is that you understand the intricacies of yours.

You will have about 7 minutes to answer guests' questions.

Business ideas that do not "shine" subsidies:

• exchange fraud;
• network marketing;
• sale of alcohol;
• pawnshop.

Grants

Having received money from the employment center, you can safely go for a grant. Or you can go there right away - this time the Ministry of Economic Development will help you. The federal program operates throughout the country, but local authorities are responsible for the distribution of funds. This means that you do not need to go to Moscow - contact local funds to support small and medium-sized businesses.

There are chances

1. You registered as an entrepreneur for the first time, and not more than a year has passed since that moment.
2. You have completed training in the basics of entrepreneurship. Those who have a legal or economic education are even easier - no courses need to be completed.
3. You are ready to invest at least 25% of your own funds from the amount of the desired grant. By the way, the percentage for each region is different. This needs to be clarified in your fund.

No chance

1. The company is at the stage of bankruptcy, reorganization or liquidation.
2. You have arrears in tax and non-tax payments, fees, insurance premiums.
3. Your company has wage arrears.
4. You pay your employees a salary below the subsistence level.

According to experts of the Ministry of Economic Development, first of all, they pay attention to the social significance of the project and real opportunities payback. The state does not want to distribute money left and right. It is important for them that the enterprise does not go bankrupt in a couple of months, but that it develops and grows. If the company develops, then a stable replenishment of the budget is guaranteed. Each region identifies its own priority areas. Somewhere this Agriculture, elsewhere in industry or craft production.

Package of documents

If you have decided, then start collecting documents:

1. Subsidy application. The application form is different everywhere - look on the website of the Ministry of Economy of your region.
2. Business plan.
3. Costings.
4. Documents that confirm the availability of production areas (if premises are needed for the project).
5. List of creditors and debtors.
6. Copies of contracts or draft contracts.
7. Copies of required licenses or permits.
8. Copies of documents on hiring a manager and chief accountant.
9. Application form for an individual entrepreneur or the head of a legal entity.
10. Information on the presence and status of a bank account.
11. Copies constituent documents, if they are.
12. Copies of extracts from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities or.
13. Copies of the certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or legal entity.
14. Certificate of absence of tax arrears.
15. Certificate of completion of training.

Do not forget that it will take some time to collect the documents. Pay attention to the "expiration date". For example, a tax certificate is valid only for 10 days. Call the Small and Medium Enterprises Support Fund and find out about the start date of the competition. Applications from participants are accepted for 1 month, so you need to submit documents on time.

What's in the business plan?

Entrepreneurs should remember that they need to not only collect the necessary documents, but also provide a business plan for their activities. This is a complex document that requires detailed elaboration. It will be easier for those who have an economic education. And for those who have never had to compose it, entrepreneurship training courses will help.

The business plan must necessarily contain:

• production features;
• calculations of investment amounts;
• presentation of products or services;
• description of organizational processes at the enterprise, taking into account the calendar plan;
• forecasting risks and finding ways to minimize them.

Remember that the commission will evaluate each indicator and put down its points. For example, than more people you can find a job at your enterprise, the higher the score you get. If you are under 30 years old, this is another point for your project.

This is what you get points for.

What do they give?

There are few statistics on the issuance of grants. Judging by it, among entrepreneurs who received a grant, about 30% are engaged in the provision of services, 20% have own production, 12% - from the sphere of trade.

The easiest way is to get money for the purchase of fixed assets of production, for renting premises and for the necessary raw materials and materials. As a grantee, you will benefit immensely by being willing to invest in the equipment you own. This will convince the commission that you are serious and believe in success.

As a rule, the state more often finances projects in the field of production and agriculture, science (to a greater extent natural Sciences) and education.

Among entrepreneurs who received a grant, about 30% are engaged in the provision of services, 20% have their own production, 12% are from the trade sector.

Agricultural grants

Agricultural grants occupy a special place in the system. Within the framework of the state program for the development of agriculture for 2013-2020, a subprogram "Support for small businesses" was adopted, aimed precisely at helping small businesses.

There are several options here:

1. Grants to novice farmers.

You can get for specific purposes:

• acquisition of plots from agricultural land;
• development of design documentation for the construction (reconstruction) of industrial and warehouse buildings, premises intended for the production, storage and processing of agricultural products;
• acquisition, construction, repair and reconstruction of industrial and warehouse buildings, premises, outbuildings, engineering networks, barriers and structures, as well as their registration;
• construction of roads and entrances to production and storage facilities;
• connection of industrial and warehouse buildings, premises, outbuildings and structures to engineering networks: electrical, water, gas and heat supply networks, road infrastructure;
• purchase of farm animals;
• receipt of agricultural machinery and equipment, trucks, equipment for the production and processing of agricultural products;
• purchase of seeds and planting material for laying perennial plantings;
• obtaining fertilizers and pesticides.

To receive a grant, you need to contact the regional competition commission to support novice farmers, where grants are distributed on a competitive basis. The Commission annually publishes the terms of the competition by January 15th.

To participate in the competition, you must submit an application in the prescribed form. Contacts of regional competition commissions can be obtained from the state governing bodies of the agro-industrial complex in the regions.

Such a grant can be obtained only once. At the same time, he must pay off no more than 90% of your expenses for the acquisition of material resources for the development of the farm.

2. Grant for the arrangement of everyday life.

WITH The funds can be used to build housing, purchase furniture and other items from the farmer's house. However, this grant does not provide for the purchase of secondary housing. It is assumed that the novice farmer builds the house himself or buys a new one.

Each region has different terms and conditions of the competition. To participate, you need to track the information on the websites of the relevant regional departments, as well as the regional ministries of agriculture.

3. Grant for a family livestock farm.

The grant can be spent on:

• development of project documentation for a family livestock farm;
• construction, reconstruction or modernization of a family livestock farm;
• construction, reconstruction or modernization of production facilities for the processing of livestock products;
• equipping family livestock farms and facilities for processing livestock products with equipment and machinery, as well as their installation;
• purchase of farm animals.

The amount of the grant cannot exceed 60% of your costs. To receive a grant, you must submit an application in the prescribed form for a grant to the commission under the governing body of the agro-industrial complex of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

With the participation of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture, a system of agricultural consulting has been created in the country. The system's consultants will assist budding farmers in applying for grants and other issues.

"Granting" rules

1. The money is given to the organization for the performance of these tasks, and not to the entrepreneur personally.
2. According to statistics, preference is given to the most realistic or the most original projects.
3. Not all grants are right for you. Take as much time as possible to study the information: how much money is allocated, for what exactly. Otherwise, you run the risk of getting a refusal - most often they refuse precisely because of the discrepancy between the application and the subject of the grant.
4. If you really need money, then try to tailor your own tasks to the goals of the grant. But here, too, be prepared for refusal: it is unlikely that a fireworks retailer will be given a grant as an organization that produces agricultural products.

The purpose and amount of the grant are finalized in the business plan and then do not change.

1. Money never comes all at once, but comes gradually - in tranches. Each stage of the project will be funded separately. Moreover, where it is necessary to supply you with equipment, for example, office equipment, they will supply it, and not give money to buy.
2. Even the payment of a bank loan can be delayed, but it is unacceptable to spend grant funds for other purposes. Any mistake - and an indelible stain on your reputation.
3. Fill in all reports correctly and on time. Arrange everything as described in the instructions, and do not violate the deadlines.
4. There is no need to wait for maximum grants for the first time. Ask for the minimum for something you can't do without. Such an application has much more chances of being selected: it will be immediately clear that you will be engaged in business, and not setting up your own office, for example.
5. There is no free cheese here either: you still have to pay income tax on the grant, be prepared for this.

Remember that economic problems are not the reason why you should refuse to start your own business. Optimal solutions can always be found. The main thing is to move forward towards your goal, and it is up to you to turn to the state for help or rely on your own strengths.

There are people whose power lies in the money they have lent. And there are others whose power lies in the money they borrowed. Auguste Deteuf, economist, writer

Aspiring entrepreneurs often face a lack of funds to start their own business. This problem can be solved by contacting a credit institution. but the best option for a businessman, it is a matter of receiving a grant that will not burden him with debt obligations.

What is a grant?

The definition of the grant is given in the Federal Law "On Science and State Science and Technology Policy". According to the Federal Law, this term should be understood as funds in cash or another form transferred on a gratuitous and irrevocable basis by physical or legal entities(including foreign organizations) with the appropriate rights to carry out projects on the terms of the grantor.

Speaking simple language, a grant is a non-repayable targeted subsidy, which implies a report on the use of allocated funds. In the wording given in the law, it comes O scientific research However, not only scientists can receive such financial assistance.

Important: in fact, the grant and the subsidy are not one hundred percent synonyms - the difference is that the subsidy is transferred in a lump sum, and the grant - in tranches, after each of which the recipient must report to the investor on the target spending of the money.

What can you get for?

Financial assistance in the form of a grant can be obtained for starting a business and developing a business. Priority areas for the state are considered social spheres, agriculture and own production. Private Russian foundations willingly allocate funds for the introduction of innovations in the economy and entrepreneurship. Foreign organizations specialize in supporting projects in the field of art, IT-technologies, ecology and culture.

Experts advise aspiring entrepreneurs to get a grant to open:

• design studios;
• training courses (webinars, online lessons, etc.);
• advertising agency;
• car workshop, etc.

Requirements for applicants

In general, an applicant for financial assistance will be required to:

1. apply for a grant;
2. develop a target project;
3. defend the idea before the commission, which will decide on the allocation of funds;
4. implement the project;
5. report on the funds spent.

An applicant for a grant from the state to start a business must meet one of the following requirements:

• doing business for more than 1 year;
• conclusion of a lease agreement for the purchase of equipment;
• introduction of innovative technology into business;
• being registered at an employment center;
• taking part in exhibitions, fairs and similar events;
• use of innovative equipment;
• getting laid off at the previous job.

Based on this list, we can conclude that the state is aimed at subsidizing start-up entrepreneurs with interesting projects and socially vulnerable citizens. According to statistics, 30% of such grants are issued for starting a business in the service sector, 20% for own production, 12% for activities related to trade.

As for financial assistance from foreign investors, they, as a rule, are interested in having a successful experience in the business for the development of which funds are planned to be allocated. Small business grant organizations may require an entrepreneur to:

• provide a certain number of jobs;
• confirm the absence of debts to the tax service;
• take training courses for businessmen;
• register an enterprise in a specific administrative district;
• provide documents confirming that the businessman has not previously received financial assistance;
• achieve a certain average annual turnover at the enterprise, etc.

Who issues grants?

The grant can be obtained from:

• State structures:
  • Small and Medium Business Development Committee;
  • Local government bodies;
  • Economic Development Committee;
  • Union of Entrepreneurs, etc.
• Private foundations, investors, large philanthropists, you can also apply for a grant to a business incubator;
• Foreign organization:
  • The Ford Foundation;
  • TechPeaks;
  • Soros Foundation;
  • Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation;
  • British Council, etc.

Naturally, each investor may have different requirements for recipients. Based on this, it is necessary to choose the source of financial assistance most suitable for your field of activity.

When applying for a grant, it is important to know:

• State funds do not allocate the full amount to entrepreneurs to start their own business, giving preference to those who will invest more of their funds.
• Foreign organizations are more likely to meet entrepreneurs halfway in the issue of covering the costs of paying salaries. The state, as a rule, agrees to finance only the purchase of raw materials and equipment.
• Government agencies are likely to issue a business development grant to those entrepreneurs who create additional jobs.

How to get a grant?

A businessman who wants to get a grant for his business needs:

1. choose an organization corresponding to its field of activity, it is advisable to first make a choice of a niche for business;
2. to study the history of grants issued by this structure (to whom and in what amount were funds previously allocated);
3. familiarize yourself with the requirements of the organization and the rules for drawing up an application for participation in the competition;
4. collect the required package of documents;
5. make up detailed business plan with a well-described financial part, clearly defined goals, possible problems and ways of solving them;
6. prepare and present a thoughtful presentation of the project - at this stage, the grant applicant will need the ability to negotiate.

Application consideration can take up to three months. During this period, the fund will have to check the availability of all the required documents, as well as study the business plan. The decision that the commission will make will be based on the economic feasibility of the project, the likelihood of success in its implementation, social value, degree of technical novelty, etc.

Regarding the documents that must be attached to the application together with the business plan, the standard list includes:

• original and copy of the identity document of the applicant;
• certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or legal entity;
• application according to the established model;
• original and copies of the constituent documents of the enterprise.

When is a grant denied?

Compliance with all the requirements does not always guarantee that a businessman will receive a grant. The reasons for refusal may be different, but the main ones can be noted:

• lack of work experience in the field specified in the application;
• bad business experience;
• an example of unsatisfactory use of government assistance or bank loans, etc.

The reputation of a businessman is critical, and any stain on it can lead to a refusal to issue a grant. You can increase your chances by first requesting a small amount - when investors see that their money has been disposed of correctly, it will be easier to get more with subsequent calls.

What to do with the money received?

Financial assistance must be used for its intended purpose. A grant is a kind of agreement between the investor and the recipient of the funds. This form of relationship imposes some obligations on the parties:

• the entrepreneur should send money only for the purposes specified in the business plan;
• reports on the use of finance should be submitted within the timeframe established by the contract;
• if the investor initiates a check, the businessman has no right to interfere with it and undertakes to provide all information related to the money received;
• if an entrepreneur, for any reason, cannot implement a particular stage of the project, he should contact the investor to agree on adjustments.

Failure to comply with the terms of the contract may become the basis for terminating the contract by going to court - if the claim is satisfied, the grant recipient will have to return the allocated to him cash.

Have you read it? Now check out 10 rules of business success from genius businessman Jack Ma.
His starting capital of $ 20,000 was helped by his wife and friend. He is the first mainland Chinese businessman to be featured on the cover of Forbes magazine. He is the richest man in China and the 18th richest person in the world. His fortune is estimated at $ 29.7 billion. His name is Jack Ma and he is the founder of Alibaba.com, and here are his 10 rules for success:

The number of starting businessmen is steadily increasing every year. An increase in their number has a positive effect on the economic performance of the country as a whole and meets the constantly growing needs of the population.

Financial support from the state contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce methods of assistance: various benefits, subsidies, as well as material payments. How do you get this kind of support? Let's figure it out.

Which of the entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to small and medium-sized business owners. To find out if your company belongs to this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and the value of the annual turnover. The following types of enterprises can count on money from the state:

• start-up business(up to 15 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 120 million rubles);
• small business(up to 100 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
• medium business(up to 250 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To get help, companies must meet the following requirements:

• the duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
• the company is registered with the tax office;
• SMEs are not taxed.

Important: the chances of financing are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits, and also own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs, whose field of activity is among the priority ones. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

• Manufacturing of consumer goods.
• Popular directions of folk art.
• Rural and ecological tourism offers.
• Housing and communal services.
• Agro-industrial department.
• The field of science and technology, as well as innovation.

How to get help from the state for the development of small business in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be returned after a certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small business appears on the economic map, providing citizens with jobs, and competition with existing companies increases, which contributes to improving quality and stabilizing prices.

But together with the conclusion of the subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill some obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from the date of receipt of financial funds from the state, a businessman is obliged to submit a report to the Employment Center with documents on the use of the subsidy. As confirmation, commodity or fiscal checks, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents can be provided. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan, which indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if a business person cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidiary funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement assume that the activities of the financed small enterprise must last at least one year from the date of opening. This eliminates the possibility of cooperation with one-day firms.

Help can be obtained from many authorities and organizations with the necessary authority. Here is some of them:

• City administration... The Economic Development Department provides information on the types of financial support for small businesses.
• Chamber of Commerce and Industry... This institution provides assistance in consulting on business, marketing, legal law, it helps to take part in exhibitions.
• Entrepreneurship Support Fund... Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates funds for the activities of a small enterprise.
• Business incubator... This organization is engaged in infrastructure support for the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
• Venture fund... He focuses mainly on innovative projects, then invests money in their activities.
• Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free training, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list of required documents. Here are the papers on this list:

1. Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
2. Insurance certificate (SNILS).
3. A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which contains information about the salary three months before the end of the work.
4. Education certificate.
5. Application of a program participant for receiving financial support from the state (in a specially approved form).
6. A ready-made business plan.

Money from the Employment Center

The most common way for entrepreneurs to get help is by contacting the Employment Center. How is this procedure going?

The first step is to register at the Employment Center and obtain unemployed status. This is a prerequisite, since only those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens are entitled to the state allocation of funds. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

• passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• work book;
• family status document;
• education document.

Then you need to draw up a business plan. with detailed description the project, targeted distribution of funds and an indication of the period of its recoupment. The third step is to register a business as an individual entrepreneur.

The regional commission examines the package of documents within 60 days. If a positive decision is made, an agreement will be concluded between the applicant and the Employment Center, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient's account. The Commission may decide to compensate only certain expenses, for example, registration and opening of a small business. If the applicant receives a notice of rejection, he can try again.

Newbie Business Grants

This type of allocation of funds from the state involves helping novice businessmen to start a business and those who are engaged in entrepreneurial activity no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

• Department of Economic Development.
• Small and medium business support funds.
• Alliances created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for receiving a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to state legislation, payments are not received by companies that produce wine and vodka products, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gambling activities.

Remember that the allocated money is channeled to cover 30 to 50% of the total project cost. The businessman should look for the remaining finances for the development of the business on his own. Don't be afraid of investment, it might be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following papers:

• Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
• Certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC and a business plan.
• Bank statement on the amount of your own finances.
• Certificate of positive credit history.

The Industry Commission then decides on the disbursement of funds. Maximum size the cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The priority for the state is the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidization program

Government plans to subsidize small businesses are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of allocated funds:

1. Federal programs... They are implemented nationwide, and they are also characterized by a large amount of allocated money for financial support for the opening and development of SMEs. Hallmark is the fact that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects, whose owners are already conducting commercial activities.
2. Regional programs... They work in the territories of the administrative regions and manage the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of an entire region.
3. Local programs... The scale of implementation is working with city or regional entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The size of the received assistance, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for processing the application depend on the peculiarities of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent the selection rules. A small business owner should consider this.

Concessional lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are unable to receive financial support from the state can apply for preferential loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As mentioned, the probability of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in priority activities for the state.

Advice: for all questions you are interested in regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have credit programs for novice businessmen.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time cash payment in the amount of 50 million to 1 billion rubles... After the conclusion of the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. A prerequisite is also investment and investment in the project of the businessman's own funds. Their number is determined as follows:

• 20% if the loan amount is more than RUB 500 million or if the loan is planned to be repaid from the future income expected after the start of the business project.
• There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use fluctuates depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can the money from the state be used for?

As mentioned above, the subsidy process is a donation of funds to help start and run a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified terms and a reduced interest rate. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

• Payment for the lease of a place or a plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these costs).
• Replenishment of working capital.
• Equipping workplaces.
• Purchase of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
• Purchase Supplies(the same rules apply - no more than 20% of the funds received).
• Works related to renovation and opening.
• Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates what exactly the received subsidiary income was spent on. Also, it is necessary to submit certificates and receipts to the control authorities.

Intangible Small Business Support Options

Nowadays, the state is ready to help start-up businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing capital. There are several other forms of support:

1. Possibility of free training... Why in the early years of activity, many entrepreneurs, faced with problems, leave the business? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about running their business. Such educational skills (such as how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can acquire them. The state provides start-up businessmen with the opportunity to study free of charge on courses, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit the appropriate documents to the necessary authorities: paid invoices, certificates of completion of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the costs, but for an amount not exceeding 40 thousand rubles per year.
2. Reduction of rent... Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are directly located. Remember that you can get such a discount only if the building is municipal property, and the lease is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the subsequent period the entrepreneur pays at the full rate. A prerequisite is competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner is allocated additional help to pay for communications.
3. Compensation for participation in exhibitions... To popularize and further development small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the selection results, the state can help pay the costs of registration, space rental, transportation of exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions to receive compensation for small businesses: a statement, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Summing up

The advantage of financial support programs is the ability to increase capital small companies... Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to get started.

On the other hand, the conclusion of an agreement with the relevant state bodies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the targeted use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features of existing support programs and the requirements for them. Then he will be able to make the most of the help and fulfill his obligations.