State programs for the development of agriculture: modern realities
25.04.2016, 16:51
Analytics
The agro-industrial complex is one of the most important sectors of the Russian economy: about 13% of the main production facilities, 14% of the labor force, produces about 6% of the gross domestic product. V recent times in RF Special attention pays particular attention to the development of the agricultural complex, since the organization of food security and the formation of an effective agro-industrial complex are the basis of the country's stability.
State program for the development of agriculture and regulation for 2013-2020
- have a well-written business plan;
- provide a plan of expenses Money with an indication of the planned acquisitions and prices for such expenses;
- have their own funds in the amount of at least 10% of the subsidized amount;
- creation of at least 3 jobs;
- after receiving state subsidies, carry out farming activities for at least 5 years;
- the funds received must be spent for their intended purpose within 24 months after their receipt.
In addition to subsidies, the state has also provided for the possibility of credit support for novice farmers. Thus, JSC "Rosselkhozbank" offers to use a special loan product at 8.5% per annum. Thanks to the action of such a loyal lending program, those who are just taking their first steps in farming can take advantage of a loan program for an amount of up to 15 million rubles, the repayment period should not exceed 10 years.
As practice shows, such financial support from the state allows any farm to turn into a successful agricultural enterprise that brings profit within 5 years.
Grants in Action: How to Succeed in Business?
Active farms with state support(subsidies) at this stage are developing in the Leningrad region. About 1,000 peasant and private farms are successfully operating here today.
The state program to support novice farmers has been successfully implemented in the Leningrad region since 2012. Over these five years, 110 farms and 68 family-type livestock enterprises have received grants. About 750 million rubles have been allocated from the federal and regional budgets for gratuitous subsidies. In the last 3 years alone, the total volume of products produced by farmers in the region has almost doubled. Based on the results of work in 2015, the gross product volume reached 2.5 billion rubles.
In the Kingisepp region, they managed to appreciate the state support provided with the allocation of grants. So, in April 2016, another agricultural facility appeared here - a livestock farm for 800 sheep, the creation of which became possible thanks to the receipt of a grant, which was allocated as part of an action for the development of animal husbandry. It is noteworthy that the capacity of the farm enterprise is designed to produce at least 20 tons of meat per year.
The farm of Anatoly Similian received a state subsidy in 2014, which made it possible to receive financial support in the amount of 6.9 million rubles. During the implementation of the project, a sheep farm building with an area of 1.2 thousand square meters was erected. meters, new equipment was purchased (cremator, drinkers and feeders), a slaughterhouse was fully equipped, the livestock was replenished with 180 elite breeds of ewes.
During the implementation of the project, it was possible to double the number of sheep (from 400 to 800 heads), to purchase 100 bull-calves for fattening. Today it farm actively sells beef and mutton to the population of St. Petersburg and the region through its own retail facilities. The unique agricultural enterprise of Anatoly Similian is one of the 20 leaders in Russia. The experience of this farm is recommended for study and implementation in all regions of the Russian Federation. ( 1 estimates, average: 5,00 out of 5)
Dairy farming is the largest livestock sector in Russia. In different natural and economic zones, the development of dairy cattle breeding has its own characteristics, which is primarily determined by the structure of agricultural land and the direction of agricultural production, soil and climatic conditions, the development of industrial centers and communication routes. The business plan involves the creation of a dairy farm for 120 fodder cows with the rearing of replacement young animals in the Novomalyklinsky district of the Ulyanovsk region and the choice of an optimal development strategy (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
- Business plan for the production of livestock products (for the sale of milk)
The aim of this project is the production and sale of milk on a personal subsidiary farm. The production of this type of product is a promising type of activity, since the dairy market is one of the largest markets for food products. Moreover, milk produced domestic producers, is in high demand among the population (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
- Business plan for the production of livestock products (sale of beef)
The purpose of this project is the production and sale of beef in a personal subsidiary farm (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
This business plan provides for the creation and development of a pig farm on a land plot of 6 hectares. (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
The aim of this project is to provide services to the rural population. The cost of the project consists of a subsidy (financial assistance) provided by the employment center and investment of its own funds (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
- Business plan for the production and operation of outdoor systems for keeping and breeding rabbits
This business plan will tell you about the basics of planning the work of a personal economy in the conditions of rural households, peasant (farmer) households and the development of agricultural consumer cooperatives (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
We present you an example of a farming business plan for self-filling(source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
This business plan provides for the creation and development of a folk arts and crafts enterprise (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
This business plan provides for the creation of a longline flotilla (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
- Business plan to create an efficient seafood fishery
The aim of the project is to create a Fishing Management Company for organizing effective fishing expeditions for fish and other sea products with company registration in one of the free economic zones (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
This business plan provides for the creation and development of an enterprise for the cultivation of oyster mushrooms (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
- Business plan for the production and sale of vegetable products
This business plan provides for the creation and development of an enterprise for the production and sale of vegetable products (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
The aim of this project is the cultivation of potatoes on the land plot and its implementation (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
- Business plan expansion and promotion of military forestry products
This business plan provides for the expansion and promotion of the products of the military forestry enterprise (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).
Organization of a mini-farm for the production of pedigree livestock of fur-bearing animals - chinchilla on available and prepared for production areas (source - http://www.ideibiznesa.org/).
The essence of the project proposed for consideration: growing goose and producing products from it (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).
Quail eggs have long gained popularity in the food markets of large cities. Only the lazy did not write or talk about their usefulness and nutritional value. Nevertheless, the quail market is still developing slowly: experts believe that the supply quail eggs lags behind demand by four times (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).
- Business plan of an enterprise for the cultivation and sale of mushrooms
In Russia, almost everyone is a mushroom picker. In the fall, housewives salt, dry and pickle mushrooms, and in winter, at any festive table, these crispy hats and legs are the best snack. It would seem that doing mushroom business in our country is like selling drinking water by the spring. Nevertheless, experts call mushroom growing one of the most profitable types of agricultural activity (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).
Managers and specialists of practicing farms helped to understand the peculiarities of the work of breeding pig farms. Pig breeders not only revealed the secrets of their success, but also told how one can flourish even in difficult times for livestock breeding (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).
Creation of a leasing company to attract long-term investments in agriculture on the basis of an existing leasing company (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).
Ostrich breeding, or farming of ostriches, has been practiced for a long time. The industry experienced a rebirth in the 80s of the XX century, then low-calorie ostrich meat became fashionable. Black African ostriches, and only such pets are kept today in pens by entrepreneurs, are able to exist in northern conditions and tolerate winter relatively easily - it turns out that their immune system is highly adaptive. All this led to the fact that a potentially promising and long-term agribusiness a few years ago fell into Eastern Europe and Russia (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).
Greenhouse vegetables are the most demanded product in agriculture today (source http://kakbiz.ru/)
Everyone knows that goat milk has many beneficial properties, so the demand for such products is constantly growing. In addition, you can sell wool and goat meat, so breeding these domestic animals is considered a fairly profitable line of business (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).
Rabbit breeding is an attractive and profitable business. If you have private house with outbuildings, you can safely do this. Rabbit meat is always in great demand. Additional profit can be obtained from the sale of fur. (Source of Ideas for Business - KakBiz.ru) Breeding hens is one of the most profitable areas of entrepreneurial activity. Chickens grow quickly. They begin to lay eggs at the age of five months. Some breeds are distinguished by high year-round egg production. Breeding poultry any person can. The most important thing is the desire to work. (Many people are of the opinion that life in the village and farming is irrelevant. But think about it - after all, every day we see the products of small private farms on store shelves. It is sometimes easier to make money in a village than in a city. By combining different types agricultural production, you can get by with relatively low costs.
How to become a farmer? This business is not just about raising pigs, chickens and cows and growing vegetables. It's a whole system. It implies the existence of a business plan for a farm with official registration of activities. In addition - a well-thought-out system of regulation of expenses and income.
Farming from scratch: how to start?
As you know, business always starts with an idea - regardless of scale. Anyone who decides to open his own farm must, first of all, decide on a suitable direction. At the farmstead, you can engage in both plant growing and animal husbandry. The main thing is to think over everything competently and make a successful combination.
That is why a thorough study of the features of production will be required. different cultures and raising animals. Before becoming a farmer, you should learn about the incompatibility of individual directions. In particular, the cultivation of certain fruit crops It is categorically contraindicated to produce near the places where cattle are kept.
Having decided where to start farming, you will need to think about the material and financial resources that the future business will require. Everything should be foreseen - from primary financial investments to the arrangement of premises for keeping animals, the organization of the farm territory, the purchase of feed and fertilizers. In addition, the future farm will require mandatory registration. Most often, such activities are carried out in the form of individual entrepreneurs.
Farming: activities
If you decide to open a livestock farm, the farm will provide you with meat, milk, eggs and skin. In addition, no one will prohibit combining animal husbandry, plant growing, fish farming or beekeeping. The main thing is to remember that all animals will require proper quality care and adherence to sanitary standards.
Let's take a closer look at exactly which areas can take place for an individual entrepreneur in a peasant farm.
We breed piglets
Pork is always in demand on the market and at the same time costs a lot. This business is quite profitable, because by taking up this area seriously, you can good care get up to 30 piglets from one sow during the year. Each adult pig is about 200 kilos of meat and lard.
Piglets of one month old are usually purchased for breeding. They are less susceptible to disease, adapt well to new conditions. The room for them (the pigsty) should be kept clean, insulated in winter period and be sure to provide vents. Closeness to animals is contraindicated. They are fed according to the regimen, with pauses not exceeding eight hours.
Food is greens (in large quantities), meat and dairy products and special feed for pigs. One pig can be purchased for an amount from 3,500 to 5,000 rubles. It depends on its breed, age and livestock area. You can breed pigs by starting with the purchase of a pair of healthy piglets.
Goats, cows, horses and sheep
In the summer, they are all able to feed on grass. They need soft hay for the winter. good quality... For feeding, horses are given oats, and cows are given compound feed.
The yield of a good dairy cow is up to 30 liters of milk daily. From one goat, you can get from 5 to 8 liters, and the cost of goat's milk is higher, since it belongs to delicacies.
Horses are most often used as draft power. Sheep are bred for meat, which is also considered a delicacy. As for sheep, their wool has long been considered the most valuable material. Breeding both goats and sheep is one of the most popular and profitable agricultural businesses.
Rabbits
Both fur and meat are obtained from them. At the same time, the animals are quite unpretentious in terms of keeping and breeding. A rabbit farm is a system of aviaries, cages, pits or sheds. The choice of premises for maintenance is a private matter for the farmer. However, certain conditions must be adhered to:
- Protect animals from direct sunlight and drafts.
- Provide adequate feeding.
- Do not forget about timely vaccination.
- Maintain cleanliness in the cages and provide the animals with high-quality drinking water on time.
- Remember the optimal temperature conditions.
The rabbit diet combines a large number of fresh fruits and vegetables in season with concentrated dry food. Hay and grass are quite suitable for feeding them.
Fish farming
This business is one of the most profitable these days. But occupation with them requires certain knowledge, as well as considerable investments. Agricultural enterprises such as fisheries are most often set up on the basis of artificial ponds, which can be different types... It depends on the volume of production and the preferred species. Due to the need for a large area for the construction of a pond, the costs of this business can be overwhelming for a novice farmer.
Who can you most often meet in an artificial pond? Carp, crucian carp, pike perch, silver carp, carp and tench. Although pond fish are able to provide themselves with food, they still cannot do without feeding. As it they take bran, cake, compound feed.
Since about May, fish are fed on "feeding tables", which are heavy square trays made of wood, approximately 50 x 50 cm in size. Each hectare of pond will require at least four such "feeding tables" for fish.
Beekeeping
With the right approach, the profit from an apiary can be quite good. In addition, pollination is carried out by bees fruit plants... How are such agricultural enterprises organized? The place for the apiary is selected according to the principle of desertion and remoteness from roads, close to the areas where honey plants are grown.
Then it is necessary to install the hives for 12-24 frames, as well as the Omshanik (wintering house). The beekeeper can buy or make hives on his own. To do this, the beekeeper will need a workbench, hand or power tools. Bees can be purchased both in packs and in full-fledged families.
Poultry breeding
It can be the most common - in the form of chickens, geese, turkeys and ducks. Or exotic enough for our area. It is about breeding partridges, pheasants, guinea fowls, peacocks and even ostriches. The choice of breeds depends on the market in which the farmer wants to establish himself.
Where to start farming if you decide to go into poultry farming? As the most unpretentious option, the usual growing of chickens is suitable. These birds are inexpensive and unpretentious. From them you can get environmentally friendly eggs and high-quality chicken meat. The demand for ducks, geese and turkeys is somewhat less, but their cost is several times higher.
If you are thinking about breeding guinea fowls, pheasants and peacocks, then know that this is quite an expensive occupation, and they will most likely have to be sold to private buyers or to restaurants.
To grow poultry, you will need to acquire an incubator, special enclosures that are insulated for the winter, feeders, trays, as well as a certain space for walking. Most often, farmers acquire couples for divorce, or in a certain amount of young offspring, which are subsequently raised. Another option is to purchase eggs and put them in an incubator. Each of the methods has its own advantages and disadvantages.
To feed young chicks, you will need cereals, boiled eggs, herbs, cottage cheese, insects, as well as special feed mixtures. The diet of adults is practically the same. Their menu is dominated by grain - wheat, barley, oats. Vitamins and minerals should be added to the feed mix.
Growing plants
Crop production has always been and remains one of the topical directions rural business. Indeed, in the diet of any person, vegetables, fruits and berries are an irreplaceable component. In addition, it is quite possible to plant flowers in a farm environment. The flower business is highly profitable (70% to 300%).
The approximate amount of initial investment is from half a million rubles. On them you can rent land, buy cuttings, incandescent lamps for greenhouses, in which a constant microclimate must be maintained and well-fertilized soil must be located.
Returning to growing greens and vegetables, it is worth noting that their choice for a farm is very diverse. Unpretentious views, like potatoes, beets, carrots, radishes, etc., do not need any special conditions... If you plan to grow greens, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, tomatoes and zucchini, in the cold season you cannot do without greenhouses.
Their construction, along with the lease of land, will require quite serious investments. Seed costs are expected to be relatively low. In addition, in the years to come, you will provide yourself with them. The payback of vegetable growing is fast enough. Already this year you can get the first serious harvest. If you're unsure of where to start farming, vegetable growing may be the best option.
We grow mushrooms, berries and fruits
For mushroom farming, the most unpretentious (albeit expensive) are truffles. And the most common are champignons and oyster mushrooms. Mushrooms are grown in a special room, where an even microclimate is maintained, in bags filled with mycelium and straw. For seedlings for truffles, you will spend from one and a half to two thousand rubles. It is much cheaper to purchase a base for cultivating champignons and oyster mushrooms.
If you are going to deal with strawberries, you cannot do without greenhouses. A number of varieties are grown in open ground... Such a business will require start-up capital of about 100,000 rubles. Add to them another quarter of that for monthly expenses.
Raspberries are grown in a different way. For her, seedlings are purchased and a plot is being prepared. It is practiced in summer season, for the winter, the bushes are buried in order to protect them from frost.
Sweet cherries, sea buckthorn or apples are grown in dedicated garden plots. You will need to purchase seedlings, a special film for shelter for the winter. Harvest from young trees, you will wait at best for next year... The fruit and berry business is profitable at about 60-100%.
How to register your activity
Where to start a farming legally? Every business needs registration, and agricultural is no exception. The stages of the procedure consist in paying the state duty, notarizing the corresponding application, preparing and submitting a package of documents to the IFTS. Next, you should wait for the issuance of ready-made documents, go through the registration procedure in the necessary funds and receive a letter from Rosstat, which will contain statistics codes. Of course, you should also take care of opening a bank account.
We rent land
Rent land plot you can also take care of the legal registration procedure. The rental application is submitted to the local administration. After considering the case, you will receive information about where the alleged site is located. Representatives of the land management organization will need to be summoned there. They will conduct a survey and determine the exact boundaries of the site. Then the land is put on the cadastral register, the corresponding passport is issued.
After that, the documents are again sent to the administration, which issues a resolution for the transfer of the site. In addition, the registration of the lease agreement will be required.
The state will help us
V last years assistance to young farms is a priority for the state. Now it is not difficult to obtain a grant for the development of such a business, the amount of which can range from one to four million rubles. It can be designed specifically for the creation of a farm or have a lump sum payment for a household device.
This money is purposefully given to a novice farmer for renting or buying land, developing a project, purchasing the necessary equipment, carrying out the required engineering communications, as well as the purchase of planting materials, animals, feed and fertilizers.
Who can qualify for such a payment
Money is paid to citizens of the Russian Federation of working age, heads of farms and peasant farms, the registration period of which is less than 24 months. At the same time, it is necessary to have education and at least three years of experience in the field of agriculture.
The package of documents that need to be prepared consists of a business plan for the farm, a breakdown of costs with prices. The amount of own funds that will need to be invested in this case must be at least 10% of the grant amount. The recipient is obliged to create three or more jobs and spend the funds issued within 12 months from the date of issue.
They give out grants based on the results of competitions, during which young entrepreneurs must prove the profitability and relevance of the future business. This kind of support can be considered a great way to tackle the initial investment problem. In the case when the payment is denied, there are other options for assistance from the state - in particular, in the form of a loan for a farm. In addition, it is possible different options government subsidies.
Summing up
The modern business in the field of agriculture is not at all the idea of which is firmly rooted in the heads of many (hard and dirty business, low-income and thankless). Today, farms are equipped with the most advanced equipment. The most advanced technologies are used in the cultivation of animals and plants. In poultry and livestock breeding premises, it is quite possible to maintain cleanliness and the right microclimate. Most of the operations can actually be automated, which will greatly facilitate farm labor.
Financial support from the state is especially important in the current crisis. It allows farmers to grow their businesses. In addition, due to the extensive development of the network of cafes, restaurants and numerous private shops, there are usually no problems with the sale of finished products.
Agriculture is considered the most important branch of the economic complex of Russia. It not only produces food and raw materials for other industries, but also provides ample opportunities for the development of private business. The Crop Growing Business Plan describes the basic steps and procedures for setting up a crop farming enterprise. Its implementation will make it possible to solve several important social problems at once: to help meet the demand for crop products, create new jobs in rural areas, and help replenish the budget through taxes paid.
Market analysis
The basis of state policy in agricultural production is Federal Law No. 264-FZ, adopted in December 2006. This document introduces the State Program "Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food Markets for 2013-2020". In particular, it provides for a set of measures to increase the production and processing of crop crops, increase the profitability of agricultural enterprises (up to 15%), and increase the average monthly salary of agricultural workers to 25,490 rubles.
For entrepreneurs essential has a clause on increasing the activity of JSC "Rosselkhozbank" to support peasant farms, consumer cooperatives and individual entrepreneurs engaged in the production of agricultural products on personal subsidiary plots.
During the implementation period, this program has significantly increased the financing of the industry by providing affordable loans for capital expenditures and the purchase of seeds. The task has been set by 2020 to provide loans to agricultural enterprises in such a volume that will make it possible to carry out a large-scale modernization of priority agricultural subsectors and bring enterprises to a fundamentally new technical and technological level.
Over the past few years, the structure of sown areas in a number of crops has changed significantly in the country. An example of this is a significant increase in crops of buckwheat, soybeans, sunflowers, and rapeseed. The share of barley and wheat crops was, respectively, 140-260 thousand hectares and 260-480 thousand hectares. This fluctuation is due to changes in market conditions and external factors, in particular - by sanctions.
In accordance with these fluctuations, the structure of the crop also changed, which, according to analysts, will not undergo significant changes in the coming years. In the country, about half of the harvest will still be wheat, a quarter - barley, and another quarter - all other grain crops.
Based on such tendencies, the profitability of domestic agricultural producers experienced significant fluctuations both from year to year and from season to season. Such fluctuations are smoothed out by applying various strategies for the behavior of manufacturers in the market. One of the most common is the sale of manufactured products immediately after harvesting in conditions of a lack of own areas to preserve products. Despite the fact that in such cases the cost of production will be minimal, it will allow enterprises to hold on and not incur losses.
Description of the project
A business plan for growing grain crops with calculations aims to justify the creation of a profitable grain company, the main activity of which will be crop production. It was drawn up on the basis of the condition that the founder has already leased agricultural land with a total area of 800 hectares and began to carry out work on their introduction into agricultural circulation and reclamation of another 400 hectares of land. This will require investments in the amount of 1.2 million rubles, directed to the purchase of seeds, agricultural machinery, fuels and lubricants.
The implementation of the plan implies the introduction of uncultivated land into circulation and the organization of the production of crop products on them based on the use of 3-4-field crop rotations and low-cost soil protection technologies. These activities will make it possible to receive a profit of at least 10 thousand rubles from 1 hectare of arable land. Additionally, 400 hectares of agricultural land will be put into circulation and from 5 to 10 new jobs will be created in rural areas (depending on the season of work).
The established grain company will grow the following crops:
- Winter wheat.
- Winter rye.
- Barley.
- Sunflower.
A feature of the production of the listed crops is that it is seasonal, and the costs of organizing it are carried out year-round. In winter, machinery and equipment will be repaired and prepared for field work.
The technology of growing grain crops consists of several stages:
- Soil harrowing (8-10 days) is carried out in late April - early May.
- Spring sowing (10-15 days), work is carried out after harrowing in the 20th of May.
- Post-sowing harrowing (15-18 days), late May - early June.
- Herbicide treatment of crops, late June - early July.
- Harvesting (18-20 days), late August - early September.
- Warehousing of products.
V technological process modern technologies of growing crops and effective fertilizers are widely used. They play a critical role among all anthropogenic factors that affect yield levels.
Cost standards for the purchase of elite seeds:
| Culture | Standard, t (per 100 hectares of sown area) | Price (RUB / t) | Cost amount (in rubles) |
| Wheat | 23 | 6 thous. | 138 thous. |
| Barley | 20 | 3.7 thous. | 74 thous. |
| Sunflower | 34 (p.u. *) | 6.5 thousand (1 p.u.) | 221 thous. |
Facility equipment costs
As the experience of farming in Russia shows, low level technical security in crop production is one of the main reasons for the decline in yield and the decline in the quality of products. Equipment with high wear and tear inevitably leads to an increase in the cost of maintaining it in working order, which, in turn, also leads to a decrease in the efficiency of agricultural production. The company's strategy is built taking into account the need to ensure its modern technology, effective fertilizers and elite seeds of grain crops.
To ensure high profitability of production, the company purchases the following models of agricultural machinery and equipment:
| Expenditure | Quantity | Price (in thousand rubles) | total amount (in thousand rubles) |
Sources of financing and amount (in thousand rubles) | ||
| Government subsidy | Own financial resources | Leasing | ||||
| Agricultural seeding complex model "Khorsh Airsid" 6.25 | 1 | 650 | 650 | 585 | 65 | – |
| Tractor K-700 | 1 | 350 | 350 | 315 | 35 | – |
| Disc harrow model BDM | 1 | 650 | 650 | 585 | 65 | – |
| Combine model "Palesse" G-812 | 1 | 3100 | 3100 | — | 3100 | – |
| Construction of industrial premises | 1 | 650 | 650 | 250 | 400 | – |
| Total | 5400 | 1735 | 3665 | |||
The capital cost plan for the project also includes the costs of erecting production facilities, which will include office space, staff recreation, repair shops and other production and technological premises.
Staff
The created enterprise is focused on the formation of a permanent staff of highly qualified employees. For this, a loyalty program is being developed, the purpose of which is to increase the motivation of employees for high-performance work. The annual fluctuation in the number of seasonal workers over the years of the project can be 3-10 people.
Labor costs of regular and seasonal workers for the first year of the project:
| Job title | Quantity | Salary per month | Annual wage fund | |
| Brigadier-agronomist | 1 | Responsibilities are performed by the founder | ||
| Tractor driver of general profile | 1 | 16 000 | 192 000 | |
| Combine operator | 1 | 16 000 | 192 000 | |
| Economist accountant | 1 | 18 000 | 216 000 | |
| Field growers (seasonal workers, based on average monthly wages per year) | 3 | 11 000 | 396 000 | |
| Total | 7 | 83 000 | 996 000 | |
With such labor costs, the amount of social contributions will amount to 142,000 rubles per year. This table reflects optimal amount seasonal workers for the first year of operation of the enterprise.
Financial plan
In the financial part of this business plan, calculations are presented for the main indicators of the economic efficiency of the project. Data generated based on industry averages at the end of 2016.
Capital expenditure plan
The implementation of this project is designed for 5 years. The distribution of expenses over the years is as follows (in thousand rubles):
| Articles | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
| The amount of material costs, including: 1.1. Purchase of materials and raw materials 1.2. Wage fund |
|||||
| Production: 2.1. Payment of land lease 2.2. Fare |
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| Administrative: 3.1. Employee salary fund 3.2. Payment for communication and communications services 3.3. Purchasing office supplies 3.4. Accounting 3.5. Banking services 3.6. Outsourcing |
|||||
| Paid taxes: 4.1. Contributions for employees 4.2. Contributions to individual entrepreneurs and to the Pension Fund |
|||||
| Total | 6 493 | 5 659 | 8 069 | 7 679 | 5 881 |
The plan for the production of agricultural products (crop production) for the 1st year of the project:
| Products and services | Sown area, ha | Yield indicators, c / ha | Gross harvest of grain crops, t | Sales volume, t | Price, (thousand rubles / kg) | Total revenue (in thousand rubles) |
Cost values, thousand rubles | Amount of profit received, thousand rubles | Profitability indicator,% |
| Rye | 200 | 30 | 600 | 600 | 6 | 3 600 | 1 000 | 2 600 | 150 |
| Spring crops (wheat, oats, barley) |
200 | 25 | 500 | 500 | 6 | 3 000 | 1 400 | 1 600 | 100 |
| Sunflower (mustard) | 200 | 20 | 400 | 400 | 20 | 8 000 | 2 500 | 5 500 | 150 |
| Winter wheat | 200 | 30 | 600 | 600 | 6 | 3 600 | 1 500 | 2 100 | 120 |
| Total | 2 100 | 18 200 | 11 800 |
Indicators of project implementation efficiency by years (in rubles)
| Indicator name | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
| Sales proceeds from crop production, RUB mln | 0,00 | 16,8 | 17,6 | 14,6 | 18,2 |
| Operating expenses, thousand rubles | 8 143 | 8 595 | 7 905 | 7 515 | 5 717 |
| Direct costs, thousand rubles | 5 350 | 4 352 | 6 762 | 6 372 | 4 574 |
| Production costs, thousand rubles | 610 | 610 | 610 | 610 | 610 |
| Administrative expenses, thousand rubles | 355 | 355 | 355 | 355 | 355 |
| Taxes taken into account in expenses, thousand rubles | 178 | 178 | 178 | 178 | 178 |
| Amount of capital investments, thousand rubles | 1 650 | 3 100 | 3 100 | 2 500 | |
| Balance of profit / loss from sales (+/-), thousand rubles | -8 143 | 8 205 | 11 005 | 9 015 | 12 483 |
| Unified agricultural tax, rub. | -488 580 | 492 300 | 395 700 | 335 100 | 808 980 |
| The quantity net profit, rub. | -7 654 420 | 7 712 700 | 10 609 300 | 8 679 900 | 11 674 020 |
Risk assessment
The types of risks and measures to minimize them for business are presented in this table:
| Views | activity |
| Decreased financial stability | Creation and development of enterprises using our own financial resources, more careful selection of creditors |
| High inflation | Tracking the macroeconomic situation in the country |
| Tax and credit risks | Tracking the macroeconomic situation in the country, analyzing the feasibility of lending to create a business |
| Violations of the delivery schedules of raw materials and supplies | Creation of a database of potential suppliers of materials and raw materials |
| Increased competition in the agricultural market | Analysis of the market situation, development of new marketing programs |
| Risks associated with personnel (insufficient qualifications and low discipline, turnover due to low earnings, lack of necessary specialists) | Consolidation of personnel by creating favorable social conditions, development of programs to increase material incentives for high-performance labor |
| Equipment failures and breakdowns | |
| Updating technologies and technological equipment | Systematic familiarization with the achievements of scientific and technological progress in the agricultural sector |
| Crop losses due to adverse weather conditions | Formation of financial reserves |
| Changes in state policy in relation to agricultural producers | |
| Lobbying the interests of certain manufacturers | Participation in the activities of local authorities government controlled tracking the economic and political situation |
Eventually
As the calculations presented in this business plan show, the creation of a grain company is a profitable and promising direction of entrepreneurship in rural areas. The production of grain and oilseeds, based on the use of advanced crop production technologies, is investment-attractive for the regions middle lane Russia.
This enterprise will be able to provide a 100% return on investment, subject to the application of a minimum possible prices for products sold. An increase in profitability is expected when consistently high yields are achieved. This stabilization is achieved through the use of scientifically grounded crop rotations in production, the implementation of comprehensive measures to increase soil fertility, and the use of high-quality selective seed material in plantings.
With the constant use of resource-saving technologies for agricultural production in crop production, the project will pay off no later than 3 years after the opening of the enterprise, while the annual increase in product sales will be at least 10%.
