Radish is a popular spring vegetable. Its value is due to its unpretentiousness, ease of care, early maturity, the possibility of early planting in open ground, usefulness and taste characteristics. While other vegetable crops are at the seedling stage, its juicy roots are already supplying the human body with useful substances, making it possible to replenish the vitamin deficiency after a long winter.

The optimal timing for planting a vegetable crop

Planting radishes in open ground occurs earlier than other vegetable crops due to its ability to withstand cold and even easily endure night frosts. You can start sowing as early as late March or early April. To speed up the germination process, the crops must be covered using a film material. Early maturing radish varieties allow the first crop to be harvested as early as three to four weeks after germination.

The planting period of radish in summer varies depending on the variety, the time of its collection and ripening.

It is necessary to plant early varieties in early June, and mid-season ones - in July, only when using the seedling method. You can also sow late-ripening varieties in open ground at the end of August or September.
And courageous gardeners sow a vegetable before winter before the onset of the first frost. Sowing in the winter allows you to get a harvest earlier than any early variety planted in spring is ripe.

Preparation for sowing radishes

Radish seeds for planting

Planting radishes is a simple procedure. Common problems that can arise in the process of growing a crop are root friability, bitterness, and the formation of peduncles before harvest. But all these difficulties are resolved by a competent choice of a variety and adherence to cultivation techniques. That's why to get a rich harvest, it is important to choose high-quality planting material in advance and prepare the soil.

Selection and preparation of seeds that are going to plant

The best option is to buy seeds from specialty stores. First, you need to sort through them, sorting by size. The key to the amicable germination and development of the largest root crops is considered to be seeds with a length of 3 cm or more. Soak the seeds in water or a damp cloth for 24 hours before planting. And before sowing, soak in hot water for 20 minutes to protect against the development of various diseases. After warming up, cool, enrich them with useful microelements, by treatment with growth stimulants, and dry thoroughly.

Preparing the soil in spring, we will ensure good early shoots

Soil preparation for planting

For the full growth and development of radishes, you need to prepare a favorable soil. The culture prefers loose, nutritious, well-drained soil with an optimum acidity of 5.5-7.0.
When choosing a site, give preference to a warm one, protected from strong winds. It also matters how much sunlight per day falls on the landing site. In accordance with crop rotation norms, tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, cucumbers and legumes are considered the best predecessors.

Growing a root crop for more than three years in the same place is not recommended, as the plant depletes the soil.

The ideal solution is to plant a radish every year in a new bed, which will help improve the crop rotation in the garden.

The soil should be prepared in the fall. To do this, clear the site of plant residues, dig up and enrich with compost or humus. With the onset of spring, as soon as the earth thaws under the warm rays of the sun, before planting a vegetable, it must be dug up again, adding minerals.

Correct planting technology, planting at the correct depth

When sowing radishes, shallow embedding is preferable

Growing radishes in open ground provides for a competently carried out planting, which includes the following operations:

1. Level the prepared bed, mark the sowing grooves, observing a distance of 10 cm between them. Acceptable embedment depth 1 cm. Deep seeding will lead to a change in the shape of the root crop.
2. Plant the planting material in the grooves, having previously watered them with hot water. Sow seeds at a distance of 5 cm between plants. It is not worth it, otherwise you will have to spend energy trying to plant them.
3. Sprinkle with soil and compact well to achieve maximum adherence of the soil to the plane of the seed, which will accelerate germination.
4. After sowing, water the beds and fertilize with wood ash.
   Under comfortable weather conditions, seedlings will appear in 3-4 days.

Planting a vegetable in egg cells

You can plant radishes in egg cells. This method has been tried and tested by many gardeners and is recognized as the best. As a result of this approach, the ripe radish has an even and neat shape. A thinning is not required during standard care.
This requires:

Freshly planted plant care, watering regime

Further care of crops includes the following activities:

Secrets of growing in the open field, thinning and feeding

There are some secrets to growing quality root crops in open field conditions.

Pests and the fight against them

Diseases can reduce the quantity and quality of the crop and cause the death of radishes, and pests will take away the long-awaited harvest, as they like to feast on young radishes.

Therefore, it is important to establish the first signs of the disease in time and take appropriate measures that will help the plant to cope with them faster.

Name	Description	Control measures
Keela	Presence on the surface of the fetus swellings and growths that become cause yellowing and wilting leaves	Dig up the plant affected by the keel and burn, and cover the soil with slaked lime. For 4 years, vegetable crops have been do not cultivate this plot
Powdery mildew	On the surface of leaves, petioles a bloom of white is formed powdery color, which with acquires a light brown tint	Organization of crop rotation and processing plants by means of suppressing the development of this disease
Bacteriosis	Root vegetables are covered with mucus and begin to exude a rotten smell. At the same time, yellowing is observed radish leaves	To fight, you need to process Bordeaux liquid
Pests
Cruciferous flea	Small insect with dark color and metallic shine damages the leaves, so most disrupting the process photosynthesis. As a result, the plant stops growing and dies	For prevention, organize the correct care. If damaged, process the radish appropriate drugs. Before than to treat with insecticides, you need try sparing folk ways
Belyanka	White butterfly larvae gnaw at the foliage from the edges or gnaw through holes, than cause irreparable harm culture

Flea-infested radish

Harvesting what we managed to grow

Radishes should be harvested selectively, as they ripen. When a medium-sized root crop is reached, you need to gently pull it out, taking it by the tops and pulling it up, and you can serve it to the table. And leave the rest to grow to technical ripeness.
It is easy to harvest radishes, it is important to do it in a timely manner. But even if you are late with the collection of this vegetable, then in this case you can get seeds for the next planting.

You can cultivate radishes in the open field throughout the summer season.

Even novice gardeners can cope with the simple rules of planting and care. These rules, of course, differ in the Leningrad region, in the Urals or in Krasnodar. It is important to plant the radish in the garden in a timely manner and create comfortable conditions for it to grow.

How to plant radishes outdoors? The question seems to be the most common one. After all, it's easier than ever to pour seeds into the beds, periodically water, and then harvest. Many do this. True, it is difficult to call it a harvest. What grew - and then ate.

But I want a large, juicy radish. To be spicy, but without bitterness. And every now and then you hear from friends that she was not ugly, she went to the arrow, dry. Sometimes an incomprehensible root grows on its site instead of a beautiful root crop. And what to do?

It turns out that a whole treatise can be written about growing radishes. This unpretentious culture has some peculiarities. They must be taken into account. Understanding?

Landing dates

You can plant radishes in open ground all year round. Yes, yes, and in winter too. True, it rises only when the temperature rises to + 7 ° C. But first things first. Consider each season.

Spring. As soon as a couple of centimeters of snow remains on the bed, sprinkle it with ash or cover it with a black film (cloth, material). This will allow the soil to warm up sufficiently. And you can plant. In the middle lane, about mid-March.

When the snow melts, radishes are sown directly into the wet ground in early April. Further, new plantings are made every 12 days. Such a conveyor will allow you to eat root crops constantly.

May is the most suitable month for planting radishes. The day is still too short, and the temperature makes it possible to do without additional shelter.

Summer. The planting season continues with the conveyor method. The only rule is that from 19.00 to 7.00 the garden bed will have to be covered in order to block the access of sunlight completely. It can be thick fabric on arcs, cardboard box, black film. In a word, everything that will be at hand. This is done throughout June and the first half of July. In August, this procedure is not necessary, because daylight hours are shortened.

Autumn. Late-ripening varieties are planted until mid-September. October is an exception. It is too warm for planting, and the radishes will not ripen before the onset of frost. But at this time, you can prepare the beds and collect soil in bags or buckets for backfilling the winter beds. But November is the time for the winter landing.

It is advisable to wait until the ground freezes at least to a depth of 5 cm. Otherwise, the seeds will germinate, they will be killed by frost.

Winter. Remember the beds prepared in October? Snow can be removed from them throughout the cold season. Then you need to sow the radish, cover it with prepared soil with a layer of no more than 5 cm. Put back the snow on top and wait for the spring warming.

Such plantings sprout 3 weeks earlier than spring. This is undoubtedly a plus. After all, fresh vitamins are always appreciated when greens are still growing in the garden.

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The soil

Over time, the landing was sorted out. Now let's talk about the land. He loves radishes ... no, not any. To obtain large and even root crops, the soil must be loose, well fertilized. By the way, it is categorically impossible to bring manure under the radish! The roots will be very large, dry and hollow.

Better to add potassium. Ash for example. Any potassium-containing mineral fertilizer can be used. Just look at the package so that there is no excess nitrogen. Otherwise, the radish will be clumsy and bitter.

Top dressing for the growing season is not needed if the land is well prepared. Naturally, crop rotation must be observed. Radishes cannot be planted after crucifers, they have the same diseases and pests. For the same reason, white mustard is not sown under it as green manure.

They dig up the soil, harrow with a rake. Then they draw the beds at a distance of 10 cm from each other. Depth 5-5.5 cm. The bottom of the groove can be sprinkled with ash or clean sand. It's just that the seeds of the radish are dark, otherwise they will be clearly visible.

Instead of drawing the beds with improvised tools, it is better to make yourself a special marker. It is a plank on which pegs are stuffed according to a 5 by 5 cm pattern. These can be specially prepared twigs, teeth from a hay rake, sticks from an old crib.

Such a board is pressed against the surface of the prepared bed and stepped on it with a foot. Then they carefully pull out, holes are obtained. It is very convenient to lay out seeds in them. And then you don't have to pull up the seedlings.

Advice. Such a board will always come in handy on the farm. Especially if you make the pegs removable or prepare several different ones for sowing carrots, beets, radishes. For picking seedlings in a greenhouse - generally an irreplaceable thing.

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How to plant radishes

Most gardeners are used to doing what? We drew a furrow and watered it. Then they sprinkle the seeds ... like a sower of bonds in a famous work - in handfuls, but thicker! Maybe we'll pull it apart later.

We consider this method to be inappropriate consumption of seed material. And high-quality is very expensive nowadays. Even old radish seeds sprout almost 99%. So why frequent? When pulled apart, there is a high risk of damaging the roots of other plants. Or you will be a few days late and they will immediately start to stretch.

Some people even plant radishes with seedlings. Why all these dances with a pick and transplant, damaging the root system? From germination to technical ripeness in super-ripening varieties, it takes only 20 days. Why sit there? And when will root crops gain juiciness and mass, if you pick them out of the ground every now and then and shove them back? This is not necessary, after all, not eggplants.

The correct procedure for a classic landing in mid-April (middle lane):

• They drew grooves in the prepared soil, about 6-6.5 cm deep.
• They poured it thoroughly with clean water.
• The bottom was covered with ash.
• Spread out the radish seeds at a distance of 5 cm.
• Sprinkled with a layer of loose dry soil 3-3.5 cm.
• Lightly pressed with a palm.

Why dry? Because damp sprinkling creates a thick crust on the surface. You can't loosen, suddenly there are already seedlings close. And the crust itself is an almost insurmountable obstacle for young sprouts.

If everything is done correctly, seedlings will appear within 5-6 days. Some sources recommend germinating the seeds before sowing. Could be so. But in principle, there is enough moisture in the soil for normal swelling and germination.

If started with germination, then first soak the seeds for 3 hours in a warm solution of any growth biostimulator. Not at hand? It doesn't matter, they use plain water. Next, the seeds are laid out on a damp cotton cloth or paper towel. In a day, they will begin to germinate, now you can plant. Just do not tighten, otherwise the roots will intertwine and there is a risk of breaking them.

By the way, the row spacing is enough to do no more than 10-11 cm. Someone will say, but how to bite? No way. During the vegetative season of the radish, the grass will not have time to grow. And what comes up is easy to pull out with your hands.

If you are too lazy to bother with laying out the seeds in the beds, then make yourself ribbons. They are simply laid out on the bottom of wet beds and sprinkled with earth. Unlike the classical method - first wet and only then dry on top.

Where can I get tapes? Buy or do it yourself. To do this, take thin toilet paper. With the help of paste and a toothpick, the seeds are glued in rows, at the right distance. Dry, cut into strips and store until sowing.

Some people find it uncomfortable to lay long ribbons. Or short rows are drawn. And what prevents you from cutting them into short pieces with scissors? Or take kitchen napkins instead of paper. When soaked, they spread easily and do not block the path of sprouts. Plus they are short.

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Watering rules

They begin to water the radish only after germination. Otherwise, a film will form on the surface, which will interfere with the sprouts. Further, there are no strict recommendations for irrigation. There is no specific schedule either.

Every day the soil is soaked to good moisture. In rainy weather, you can skip watering. In the heat - it is impossible. Radish likes to drink a lot. Do you want to get a great harvest? Don't be stingy with liquids.

Features of autumn planting

There is an erroneous opinion that only late-ripening varieties of radish are planted in the fall in the ground. And who established such a rule? Today we will break the prohibitions. And we calmly plant ultra-early ripening varieties. We take care of them in the same way as during the spring planting.

Try it, you will be pleasantly surprised. And you will look forward to next fall to repeat the experiment. Indeed, often, root crops are much better and tastier than summer ones. This is due to the shortening of daylight hours and the absence of high temperatures. After all, root crops are best obtained at + 19-21 ° C.

The thermometer shows below - the plant is suspended in development. You can put arcs and cover with a film or non-woven material. Root crops will have time to ripen. The only thing is that they are not stored in the cellar for as long as late-ripening varieties lie quietly. And with proper storage, you can feast on your radishes even in January!

1. Instead of soaking, the seeds are placed in a cloth bag or simply wrapped in gauze. Then it is added dropwise at a depth of about 19-21 cm. After 5 days, it is taken out and planted. It is said that this method allows the seeds to be saturated with the moisture and life energy of the earth. We do not know about energy, but as a preliminary germination, the method is quite acceptable. True, a little dirty. But there are no real gardeners with clean hands and gorgeous manicure.
2. In spring and winter, radishes can be planted in tree trunks. They will not have time to dissolve the foliage completely, and the harvest is already ripe. So shading won't happen.
3. To collect all root crops at the same time, you will have to calibrate the seeds. If the timing of harvesting is not critical, for example, not for sale, but only for yourself, then you can plant everything. Because large ones germinate faster, respectively, and the root crop will ripen earlier. For calibration, use a colander or sieve with large cells. You can ask children and grandchildren to sort out, let them learn to work.
4. There are recommendations to sprinkle the beds after sowing with peat. It is highly discouraged to do this. Peat is a mulching material. It retains moisture well from the inside. But it also delays the penetration of sunlight from the outside. Put a layer a little more - and you will wait for seedlings for a very long time. Cover it with too thin a layer - all the moisture will evaporate very quickly, the seeds simply won't have enough.
5. In case of early spring planting, simultaneously with the shelter with dark materials, it is advisable to treat the bed with em-preparations. Only no later than 5 days before sowing. Microorganisms will help the earth to wake up and begin to work fruitfully for your benefit.

How to plant radishes outdoors? It turns out using a special technology. We have described many methods. You just need to choose the most suitable one for you personally. Then there will be no hassle and the harvest will be excellent.

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Video: early planting of radishes in open ground

Radish is a popular crop among gardeners. This vegetable is very beneficial for the body, as it contains many vitamins that have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system and significantly increase the level of hemoglobin in the blood. In order to harvest a good juicy crop, it is necessary to take into account some of the features of the root crop.Therefore, it is worth figuring out how to plant radishes correctly in the spring and take care so that they do not go into the arrows and contain the maximum amount of nutrients.

Features of growing radish

Radish is considered a cold-resistant crop, and therefore, for the cultivation of this root crop, it is possible not to select a separate bed, but to plant it earlier than other heat-loving plants, since by the time they are planted in open ground, the crop will already be harvested. This is provided that the vegetable is needed especially in the spring.

To keep radishes on the table throughout the season, they can be planted every 7-10 days, but excluding June... This is due to the fact that this culture actively grows the root during the period of short daylight hours (up to 10 hours), which has a beneficial effect on the harvest. And when the length of daylight hours increases, the plant enters the reproduction phase, which is expressed in arrowing. Therefore, when re-sowing radishes in the summer, it is necessary to take this feature into account, as well as select varieties of a late ripening period.

The main ingredients for success in growing radishes are:

• selection of the optimal variety;
• adherence to the timing of the landing;
• selection of a suitable site, taking into account the characteristics of the radish;
• correct sowing;
• maintaining an optimal level of soil moisture;
• timely feeding;
• protection against pests.

Given all these conditions, you can count on a good harvest of radishes without much difficulty.

Video: tricks for growing radishes

Optimal sowing dates for radishes in spring and summer

Even a beginner can successfully grow radishes, but initially it is necessary to correctly determine the optimal sowing time. You can start early spring planting of radish in open ground from March, without fear of freezing seeds. However, it is imperative to cover the bed with a film or build a small film greenhouse, since the radish can begin to grow at temperatures from -1 to -2 degrees and withstand frosts down to -4 degrees.

The optimal temperature for the full growth and development of a vegetable is considered to be +15 - +18 degrees, and with an increase in these indicators, a rapid increase in tops occurs to the detriment of the formation of fruits.

Many gardeners believe that planting radishes should be carried out precisely according to the lunar calendar.

Auspicious days according to the lunar calendar, when you should sow radishes in 2018 in open ground, are the following days:

• in March - 20-23;
• in April - 6-9, 19-20, 23-29;
• in May - 7-10, 19-24.

The following are considered unfavorable days for sowing radishes in 2018:

• in March - 1-3, 16, 30;
• in April - 15-17, 29-30;
• in May - 14-16, 28-30.

More accurate terms for sowing radish, based on the climatic characteristics of the region, can be determined independently, taking into account the air temperature:

• up to 10 degrees Celsius - seedlings will develop in a slow mode, so they will appear within 10 - 14 days;
• in the range from 10 to 15 degrees - seeds will germinate within 7 days;
• within 15 - 20 degrees - the sprouts will appear within 3 days.

The first selective harvest of radishes can be harvested in 20-25 days. To maximize the spring harvest, it is advisable to plant every 7 days until mid-May, since it is no longer recommended to plant radishes in June.

Summer sowing of radishes should be carried out from early July to early August. To avoid shooting with excess lighting, you should cover the crops with dark geotextiles in arcs in the afternoon.

Important! It is impossible to cover radish crops in summer with a film, since under the influence of sunlight under the shelter, the temperature will rise significantly, which will lead to the death of seedlings.

Video: growing radishes all summer

How to properly plant radishes in open ground

To get a good harvest, it is necessary not only to correctly calculate the sowing time, but also to prepare the site for planting and seeds in advance. For this, it is recommended to carry out a number of procedures, which will have a beneficial effect on the final result.

Preparing the beds and soil for planting radishes

For early spring planting of radishes in open ground, experts recommend preparing a site for planting in the fall. And since all root crops respond well to organic matter, you should add rotted compost or humus at the rate of 1 bucket per meter of area and dig it onto a shovel bayonet.

Important! You should not add fresh manure to the ground, as it emits carbon dioxide, which has a depressing effect on plants.

In the case of clay soil, a little sand should be added, as the radish prefers to grow on loose, light soils with neutral or low acidity. In the spring, 2 weeks before planting, you should loosen the soil and add mineral fertilizers to it in the following proportion for each square meter of the garden:

• ammonium nitrate 10-15 g;
• superphosphate 20-25 g;
• potassium sulphide 15-20 g.

Finally, the area should be leveled to eliminate gaps and unevenness.

For planting radishes, it is better to choose a place where the sun is early in the morning until midday, and in the evening it goes into partial shade.

Experts recommend planting radishes in a new place every year, which helps to improve crop rotation. But you cannot plant a root crop after other cruciferous crops: watercress, cabbage, mustard, since they are prone to the same diseases.

Preparing radish seeds

Before sowing radishes, seed preparation should be carried out, which will significantly increase the germination percentage. Initially, it is desirable to carry out a selection, excluding damaged and defective specimens.

In the future, in order to determine their viability, it is necessary:

• dip the seeds in a saline solution at the rate of 50 g of salt per 1 liter of water;
• soak for 2 minutes, stirring occasionally with a wooden stick;
• drain all the seeds that have floated to the surface;
• all specimens that have settled to the bottom must be rinsed under running water and dried, as they will be used for sowing.

Important! The better the selection of seeds at this stage, the better their germination will be.

To exclude the defeat of seedlings by a fungal disease, it is recommended to carry out disinfection radish seeds using potassium permanganate. This requires:

• dissolve the crystals of the product in water at the rate of 1 mg per 1 liter of water so that the solution acquires a bright pink hue;
• wrap the radish seeds in a gauze bag and dip in the mixture for 15 minutes;
• after the time has elapsed, rinse them in clean water and dry to a free-flowing state.

To stimulate the growth processes of seeds, you can carry out them pelleting, which will help to strengthen the immune system and ensure the full development of plants in the future.

For this, the planting material is soaked in "Epine"(2-3 drops per 1 liter of water) or in " Zircon "(0.025 ml per 100 ml of water) for 3 hours. After that, the seeds must be dried and sown.

In the case of early spring planting of radishes in open ground (for example, at the end of March), it is recommended to carry out hardening seeds to increase their resistance to possible temperature changes. This procedure is carried out as follows:

• wrap the planting material and leave for 1 day at room temperature;
• then put it in the refrigerator for 4 hours;
• repeat the alternation of contrasting content until the seeds hatch;
• sowing in moist soil.

Important! It is necessary to plant radish seeds in open ground immediately after the preparatory procedures, since the growth processes in them have already been activated.

Direct landing technology

There are several ways to plant radishes in the garden, so each gardener can choose based on the area of ​​the site and their personal preferences.

The most common method is radish planting. in rows. To do this, you must follow certain rules that will help you get a good harvest.

1. Make rows at a depth of 0.5-1 cm and with row spacing of 10 cm.
2. Water and allow moisture to absorb.
3. Spread the seeds 5 cm apart.
4. Sprinkle the seeds with earth and compact so that there are no voids.

Shoots will appear on day 3-4. To speed up the ripening process, it is recommended daily from 5 pm cover the radish garden with plastic wrap, and take it off in the morning.

The second common method of planting radishes in open ground is suitable for gardeners who have a small garden plot, and everything needs to be placed. Therefore, in this case, the landing is carried out one continuous canvas. And in order to place the seeds at the optimal distance from each other, use egg cassettes.

1. Smooth the surface of the bed.
2. Water it abundantly and wait until the moisture is absorbed.
3. Press the cassette to the ground so that the cells are clearly imprinted.
4. Place the seeds, one at a time, in each well.
5. Cover crops with soil and compact for better contact with the soil.

This method can be used after thorough cleaning of the beds from weeds, so in the future it will not be possible to remove them before harvesting.

Further care of the radish

Radish is a moisture-loving vegetable, and therefore, for its active growth and development, it is necessary that the soil is constantly moist. But at the same time, a certain balance should be maintained, since an excess of moisture leads to cracking, and a lack of watering leads to the formation of small fruits.

The growing season of this vegetable is relatively short, and therefore, if fertilizers are applied to the soil before planting, there will be enough nutrients for the full development of the radish.

But if this has not been done, it is recommended a week after the emergence of seedlings to feed the radish with organic fertilizers: rotted mullein in a ratio of 1:10 or fermented chicken droppings 1:20. And 10 days after that, it is necessary to use superphosphate 20 g and potassium sulfide 15 g per 10 liters of water.

Note! It is important not to overdo it with fertilizers, since their excess leads to an increased growth of green mass and further arrowing.

Throughout the entire period of growth of the radish, it is necessary to carry out regular loosening of the soil in order to improve the access of oxygen to the roots. Therefore, experts recommend shallow cultivation of the row spacing after watering to prevent the formation of a crust on the soil. And it is also necessary to remove weeds in a timely manner, which will prevent the full growth of root crops and take nutrients from the soil.

As the fruits ripen, selective harvesting should be carried out, which will allow neighboring plants to develop.

At the initial stage of growth, a red-colored flea inflicts serious damage to the radish, which is expressed in slow growth and deformation of seedlings. To prevent this, timely pollination of the foliage with tobacco dust or wood ash should be carried out and the crops should be covered with non-woven material, which will protect from the encroachment of the pest.

When to harvest radishes and how to store

Harvesting radishes must be carried out, based on the size of the root crops, in 2-3 stages, that is, first the largest, and after a week or another, the rest. Water the garden bed 2 hours before harvesting, which will make it possible to pull out the radishes without much difficulty. After that, it is recommended to peel the fruits from the tops and shorten the tip to prevent premature wilting.

Any even inexperienced gardener can grow a good harvest of radishes, if he adheres to the recommendations and simple rules of care. And if they are ignored, one should not be surprised at the result obtained, which may differ significantly from the desired one.

Video: planting radishes in open ground

Growing radish outdoors

Radish is the earliest vegetable and is grown everywhere from spring to autumn. It is he who, due to its cold resistance and early maturity, first appears after the long winter months in our diet. The vegetable has a characteristic pungent taste due to the presence of mustard oils in the composition. It also contains a whole range of vitamins and minerals.

How radishes grow

This culture is most often cultivated in the open field. Radish perfectly tolerates low positive temperatures, although indicators of about + 15 ... + 18 ° C are considered optimal for its growth. In care, it is undemanding, and therefore any novice gardener can successfully cope with its cultivation.

Due to its short growing season, this vegetable can be harvested several times per season, from very early spring to late autumn. Early varieties reach nutritional maturity within 3-4 weeks after planting. Many gardeners practice sowing radishes at intervals of 7-10 days for a continuous harvest.

Radishes are most often grown outdoors.

Planting radishes in open ground

Early spring sowing is carried out after the snow melts and the soil warms up. When the air temperature is above + 1 ... + 2 ° C, the seeds are already capable of germinating. However, the following should be considered:

• at values ​​less than + 10 ° C, the seed germinates for a long time, sometimes up to 2-3 weeks;
• at temperatures from +10 to + 15 ° C, seeds are capable of germinating in 7–8 days;
• if the average temperature fluctuates between +18 and + 23 ° C, then seedlings will appear already on the 4th day.

Usually sowing occurs in mid-April, although in the southern regions, radishes can be sown as early as mid or late March.

Soil preparation

The garden bed is set up in a well-lit, wind-protected area. You should not grow radishes in the place where representatives of the Cruciferous family, to which she herself belongs, previously grew: turnip, radish, cabbage, mustard, daikon. For best yields, it is recommended to alternate the planting site with plants from other families.

Radish is an excellent precursor for other vegetable crops such as tomatoes. He will prepare the soil and have time to harvest before the tomato seedlings are planted.

A plot for radishes should be prepared in the fall. Soft and loose soil with weak or neutral acidity is best suited for planting it. Heavy and poor soils will need to be fertilized with humus (2-3 kg per 1 m²). Clay soil can be dug up with the introduction of coarse sand and peat. The addition of various mineral complex fertilizers (superphosphate, potassium salt, etc.) will have a very good effect. They are added at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. for 1 m². If the soil has high acidity, then it must be deoxidized using lime (fluff) or wood ash.

Before planting, the plot for radish needs to be dug up and leveled with a rake.

Radish loves soft soil, so the garden should be dug up and carefully leveled

Seed preparation

The seed must first be sorted out (calibrated) manually or through a sieve, taking samples of at least 2-3 mm in diameter. This will ensure better germination and a bountiful harvest.

For sowing, you need to select large seeds

Selected seeds should be soaked to "wake up".

1. Wrap the seeds in a wet cloth and put on a saucer.
2. Put in a warm place, best of all - on a radiator, so that there is constant heating. The temperature should be around 30 ° C.
3. Moisten the fabric as it dries.
4. Unwrap the seeds once a day and rinse them with warm water.

Awakened seeds sprout much earlier.

Sowing

After selecting and awakening seeds, you can sow them in the ground. The planting procedure takes place in a few simple steps.

1. Furrows are made on the bed, about 2–3 cm deep and 15–20 cm apart.
2. The grooves are well spilled with water.
3. Then planting material is laid out in them with intervals between seeds of 2-3 cm.
4. The grooves are covered with earth and slightly compacted.
5. Mulch with a layer of peat or humus (about 2 cm).
6. The bed is covered with a film or any covering material until shoots appear. After it is removed.

Seeds are planted at a shallow depth

When planting seeds, the structure of the soil must be taken into account. In heavier clay soils, they need to be planted at a shallower depth.

Video: sowing radish in open ground

Outdoor care for radishes

The time of emergence of seedlings directly depends on weather conditions. If they are favorable, then the first leaves may appear as early as 4–5 days. Further care of the seedlings consists in regular watering, loosening and thinning the plantings.

Under favorable conditions, radishes germinate in 4-5 days

Watering the radish

The key to a good radish harvest is proper watering. This crop prefers soil moisture of at least 75–80%. Lack of moisture affects the taste of root vegetables - they become too bitter. In addition, in conditions of excessive dryness, the plant grows green mass and shoots without forming root crops. Excessive moisture, especially before ripening, threatens the fruits with cracking or rotting, and also spoils their structure - they become watery.

Radishes are very fond of good watering

Radishes require daily watering in the evening or morning hours. In dry periods, it is necessary to moisten the planting twice a day. You should especially carefully monitor the soil moisture immediately after the appearance of the first pair of leaves. The ground should be constantly slightly damp and in no case dry out.

Thinning of seedlings

After the appearance of the first two leaves, the seedlings must be thinned out, otherwise the fruits will not be able to fully form. The distance between the plants should be at least 3-5 cm. If a large-fruited variety is grown, then about 8-10 cm should be left. The smallest and weakest shoots should be removed, leaving the strongest ones.

It is necessary to thin the radish to obtain larger root crops

Radish is one of the earliest vegetables with which the body receives vitamins B, as well as C and PP. To grow a good harvest, you need to know the timing, soil requirements and the rules for planting radishes.

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When to plant radishes?

The best dates for planting seeds are March-April and July-August. If you sow radishes in June, it is necessary to artificially limit the illumination of the plantation, shade it. The abundance of daylight and hot weather encourages plants to drive out the arrows, the taste of root crops deteriorates.

The following planting periods are distinguished:

• early spring;
• late;
• pre-winter;
• winter.

Frost resistance allows the culture to tolerate nighttime temperature drops of up to 5-7 degrees of cold. However, for rapid germination and ripening, it requires a daytime air temperature of at least 7-8 degrees Celsius.

Choosing a landing site

The best predecessors for radish are:

• legumes - peas, beans, beans;
• nightshade - potatoes, tomatoes;
• pumpkin - zucchini, cucumbers, pumpkins.

Due to the danger of the spread of pests, crops should not be sown in the place where these vegetables are grown:

• cabbage;
• watercress;
• radish;
• turnip;
• turnips;
• daikon;
• siderates - mustard, rapeseed, etc.

Soil preparation

Radish grows well on neutral or slightly acidic soils, fed with organic fertilizers. In the fall, humus, compost or manure are applied to the selected area and dug to a depth of 20-30 cm. Dense and clayey lands are loosened with a small amount of peat and coarse sand.

• superphosphate (20-25 g);
• ammonium nitrate (10-15 g);
• potassium chloride (15-20 g).

Preparing the soil for planting radishes

Seed preparation

In the process of preparation, it is useful to make a calibration - a preliminary selection of seed: large seeds develop faster and give a better harvest.

To facilitate the planting procedure, you can make paper tapes in advance, in winter, stick seeds on them and dry them slightly. Then these tapes are placed in prepared moistened furrows and covered with soil.

To accelerate the growth of seeds, immediately before planting, they are placed in a linen cloth and placed in warm (20-30 degrees) water. On the second or third day, they hatch, you need to plant them in the soil. It is possible to soak the grains for a shorter time - 10-15 minutes, this also accelerates the emergence of seedlings.

Seed calibration Bonding seeds to tape Germinating seeds

The technology of planting and growing radishes in a popular way - in egg trays is presented in the video. Filmed by the channel "Did you know?"

Sowing rules in open ground

Knowing some of the features that depend on the timing of planting will help to plant the seeds correctly:

1. In early spring. When the bulk of the snow melts, you can sow radishes in open ground on the remnants of the ice crust. The melt water will help the seeds to penetrate the soil to the desired depth. A significant disadvantage of this method is that if the arrival of heat is delayed, the crops can rot. The risk is significantly reduced with proper heating of the soil - the area is watered with solutions of preparations made using EM technologies and covered with a film. After about a week, you can land.
2. In the spring or in the second half of summer (late). The soil is warm enough. You can prepare a traditional bed for planting or loosen the soil to a depth of 5-7 cm with a flat cutter. The furrows are made 2-4 cm deep, observing an interval of about 15 cm between them. On fertile soils, it is enough to make a shallow planting, having previously laid a thin layer of sand and ash on the bottom of the furrows. On depleted soils, the grooves are buried, and a layer of compost is added under the sand and ash. If there is confidence in the quality of the seeds, they can be planted at intervals of 4-5 cm, then the seedlings will not have to be thinned out. Sowings are lightly sprinkled with loose earth or peat to a thickness of 0.5-1 cm. Deeper planting of seeds increases the fiber content of root crops.
3. Late autumn (pre-winter period). Grooves are laid in the soil no deeper than five centimeters. Then, in the first half of November, dry seeds are laid in them and sprinkled with a layer of humus or peat 2-3 cm thick.
4. In winter. On a bed prepared in the fall, the snow is raked, the planting material is placed on the frozen ground, and covered with a layer of peat or compost on top.

After applying the grains to the soil, the crops are poured abundantly, the soil between the furrows is sprinkled with a mulch mixture.

Radish in the spring is an irreplaceable root crop, as it saturates the body with vitamins and helps to strengthen the immune system after an exhausting winter. Let's find out when to sow radishes outdoors, and what recommendations should be followed in the process.

Influence of weather on timing

It is advisable to plant radishes in the ground in spring under favorable weather conditions. The result of planting is supposed to be much more successful if you start rooting this plant on sunny days. As a rule, it is customary to plant radishes either at the end of March or at the beginning of April. However, the weather is not always conducive to gardening at this time of the year. That is why, as soon as the calendar date for planting radishes approaches, regularly check the weather forecast so as not to miss favorable sunny days. Wait until the air temperature rises slightly, and the earth warms up to the temperature you need, and go to your summer cottage to plant a root vegetable rich in vitamins.

Sowing radishes outdoors is not always done at the same time. Here, first of all, you need to pay attention to the climatic conditions of your specific region. In some regions of the country, spring comes early, while residents of other regions have to wait longer for warmth. Be that as it may, focus on the weather: as soon as the temperature permits, start planting radishes.

Don't worry that the process may be overdue. It is better to wait a little while rooting the radish and plant it in warm weather than to follow the recommendations in the lunar calendar and sow the crop in too cold soil. Another important point: if you live in a region for which early spring is uncharacteristic, then give preference to early maturing varieties of radish. Thus, even if you have to root it later, you will harvest soon.

When is the best time to plant

When is it recommended to sow radishes, you ask? Whatever the weather, it is advisable to compare the influence of this factor with the observations of experienced gardeners. Interestingly, this culture is considered to be resistant to low temperatures: the seed begins to "hatch" already at rates of + 1 ... + 2 ° C. Nevertheless, for active germination of radishes, it is recommended to maintain the temperature at + 15… + 18 ° C. If the temperature regime exceeds the permissible norms, be prepared for the fact that the agricultural culture will grow tops, and not the root crop itself.

Suitable dates for outdoor sowing of radishes vary between late March and mid-April. Much depends on the weather conditions and the region in which you live. By the way, in whatever period you happen to plant radishes, seed germination can be accelerated on your own. For this, it is recommended to cover the area planted with the seeds of this crop with agrofibre or film.

Remember that radishes grow intensively in the ground as long as the temperature remains within +20 ° C. As soon as this mark is crossed, the garden crop begins to shoot, which is bad for your crop. That is why it is preferable to root radishes in spring or autumn.

Some farmers strive to grow this crop not only in spring or autumn, but even in summer. Reducing daylight hours will help you cope with high temperatures. All that is required of you is to cover crops with dense material from six in the evening every day. Thus, radish seedlings will receive as much sunlight as they need, but within acceptable limits.

Auspicious days according to the lunar calendar

Before planting radishes outdoors, many gardeners prefer to follow the recommendations of the lunar calendar. Apply the rules specified in this collection, and you will clearly define on which days you can plan the planting of crops, and when it is better to postpone such intentions. As a rule, the lunar calendar includes days favorable for planting radishes and other crops, distributed by month. That is, in each month you will find a period in which you can root the plant in the garden.

However, do not forget to compare the information received with real weather conditions - only in this case you can be sure of the result. Choose suitable days for gardening work, having studied the full picture (weather conditions, expert recommendations and the lunar calendar).

Video "How best to sow radishes"

From this video you will learn about the best way to sow radishes in your summer cottage.

Probably we associate radishes with spring as well as flowers. My husband and I, when we go to the dacha at the beginning of the season, along the road we see juicy bright bunches of crispy radishes for sale. By the way, a good business is selling spring radishes for salad! Let's talk about growing this tasty, spicy root crop today.

March crops

Traditionally, the first spring sowing of radish is done in a low greenhouse... This option is the warmest, the space in the greenhouse warms up well and keeps the required temperature, does not get cold like larger greenhouses.

You can sow seeds in the greenhouse already at the beginning of March.... Thoroughly sprinkle the soil in the greenhouse with hot water, and then press the radish seeds into a depth of 2.5 cm (one phalanx of your finger) in 5 cm increments. Just sprinkle the soil over the hole.

What soil does radish like?

Most the radish feels comfortable on a mixture of compost and peat- 1 to 1, on a mixture of peat and sod land - 1 to 1, a mixture of humus and sod land - 2 to 1. Here, in the Black Earth Region, you can simply plant in the ground and wait for the harvest.

Optimum temperatures

In a greenhouse with radishes, try to maintain air temperature within 15 - 18 degrees... If the day is warm, then open the greenhouse. At night, the greenhouse should be about 10 degrees Celsius.

If the temperatures are above normal, then your harvest will go to the leaves, and if lower, then to the arrows... Therefore, temperature control should be carried out not even visually, but by a thermometer. In this case, your radish will be appreciated by everyone who tastes it!

When to plant radishes outdoors

Approximate dates for planting radishes in open ground - from April 10... But even in this case, it is still recommended to cover the planting with a film or agrofiber at the night of planting. During the day, the shelter is removed, and if the day is cloudy, then you can leave it only by opening an impromptu shelter from the ends for ventilation.

Loosen the soil with plantings regularly, radishes are very fond of loosening, also do not let the soil dry out. However, it is not worth overfilling the plant either.

Sowing early maturing radish varieties

First spring planting radishes are usually made from early maturing varieties... The most advanced summer residents sow three to four varieties at once, with different ripening periods, in order to ensure the daily availability of fresh root crops on their table.

You can plant early-ripening radishes with an offset once a week. fractional batches. Next, I will name the best varieties of early maturing radish for the Central strip and the Moscow region.

Early grade radish French breakfast

French breakfast is a wonderful variety of wounded ripening radish... You can eat a fresh crop within 20 days after planting. The color is bright red, the tips are white. The shape of the root crop is a cylinder. The flesh of the radish is juicy, crispy, and does not taste bitter when properly watered. Recommend!

Early ripe radish grade Zhara

Heat - Highly productive early maturing radish... It grows quickly, it is resistant to cold weather, which is important in our unstable spring. The color of the roots is dark red, the shape is classic round.

Ideal for outdoor cultivation, planted from April 10 does not need additional shelter... The taste of the pulp is pleasant, well suited for spring vitamin salads, tender and juicy.

Early ripening variety of radish Rubin

Ruby is a versatile radish variety... Early ripening, capable of growing on any type of soil, but if planted in ideal soil, then the return is simply beyond praise. This variety ripens very quickly; yields are large and tasty. Resistant to flowers.

The color of the roots is dark red, the shape is close to round. The pulp is juicy and tender, ideal for salads and springs... Recommend!

Look, these three early-ripening varieties, planted at weekly intervals, will be enough for you to eat well. All varieties are very tasty, grow well, yield good yields. You will have fresh radishes for a whole month... Get a ton of vitamins!

April 10 to mid-May you can sow a new batch of radish every week. As soon as 2-3 adult leaves appear on the plants, you can start new plantings.

How to grow early maturing radishes in summer

Summer way of growing radishes differs from the spring. With an increase in daylight hours, the plant needs to be protected from excessive illumination with black agrofibre. Otherwise, the radish will bloom and will not yield.

You need to cover the boarding from 6 pm to 8 am... That is, to provide landings with 10 hours of daylight hours. This amount of light will be enough for the ripening of root crops.

note that for planting in the summer, I advise you to use all the same three early ripening varieties so as not to stretch the process and get tasty yields in the shortest possible time. This is the trick of the dark agrofiber shelter method. The plant will be sure that spring is outside!

We sow late-ripening radish varieties in August

In mid-August, you can sow the final seasonal plantings of radishes... Late-ripening varieties are now being sown, intended for consumption during the fall and early winter. Here are the top three varieties of radish to plant.

Late-ripening radish variety Red Giant

Red giant is a very productive late-ripening radish variety... The name speaks for itself, so no comment. Root weight up to 130 grams! The shape of the radish is cylindrical, the color is dark red.

The pulp is white, tasty. Wonderfully stored and lies... At the same time, it does not lose either firmness or tenderness of taste. Root crops are resistant to pests and diseases. provide you with vitamins during the winter season.

Late-ripening radish variety Red Giant variety

Radish variety Red Giant - also refers to late-ripening, well-stored and not flabby for a long time. The roots are round, dark red, the flesh is white, tender. The plant perfectly tolerates a lack of moisture, which is very important for August.

Radish variety Red Giant

Plantings of radish in August are somewhat different from those in spring, since the soil by this time has already been somewhat depleted by previous crops. You can plant radishes after salads, onions on a feather, early ripe tomatoes, mustard leaf.

Before planting seeds organic and mineral fertilizing is applied to the soil... 3 kg of humus are applied to the garden bed, per sq. m. beds - a teaspoon of urea, a tablespoon of a spoonful of superphosphate and potassium sulfate.

The soil is loosened, leveled, watered, and seeds are sown in the furrows... Seeds are planted to a depth of 2.5 cm (one phalanx of a finger), the pitch between the seeds is 10-15 cm, the distance between the furrows is 20 cm.

I will not talk about podzimny sowing of radishes - this is a very troublesome business, and most of us canned summer cottages until spring, already in mid-autumn. We'd better focus on early spring plantings., because it is much more pleasant - after a long winter to taste the first harvests from your little piece of land. Good luck in growing radishes, dear summer residents!

So that the radish does not taste bitter

So that the radish is not bitter

The vegetable should be watered every day in the morning and evening hours. Better not in the heat, otherwise, the water will evaporate through the leaves.

Before planting radish varieties in the ground, add a little salt to the dug groove, which will make the vegetable crispy and juicy.

Discussion is closed.

The growing season of radish has a short duration, so it is a favorite of many summer residents. And when to plant radishes in open ground in spring remains a controversial issue, because each region has individual climatic characteristics.

Regions favorable for growing vegetables

Radish is an unpretentious plant that can ripen in various regions and on any soil. But compliance with the temperature regime and the necessary care will allow you to collect a rich harvest of delicious root crops.

High cold resistance makes it possible to grow a culture when night temperatures drop to -5 C °, while daytime temperatures should not be lower than 9 C °. Only under such conditions will the germination capacity be poor and the quality of vegetables will be low.

In the Moscow region, planting of radishes in open ground begins in mid-April - early May, when the sun begins to warm the earth. The optimum temperature for growing a vegetable is considered to be + 20 ° C, but at 15 ° C the radish will also grow, only the shoots will appear a little later. In order for the process of emergence of sprouts to go faster, the bed is covered with a film or the culture is planted in a greenhouse. And in the southern regions, sowing begins at the end of March, when the weather is favorable for planting radishes in the ground, for example, in the Rostov region and the threat of frost has passed.

There is no need to wait until the thermometer rises above 20 degrees. This will not only not improve the quantitative and qualitative indicators of culture, but, on the contrary, will reduce them. The hot sun enhances the growth of the tops, but not the roots.

Open ground planting rules

After you have made the decision to sow radishes in your area, you need to carefully consider the choice of seeds:

1. Buy goods only in specialized stores.
2. Look closely at the production date and give preference to more recent samples.
3. Choose a variety that suits your conditions and planting period.

Soil preparation is one of the most important stages of planting radishes in open ground in spring.

In a pre-selected area, which is well illuminated by the sun's rays and protected from strong winds, it is necessary to dig the ground to a depth of 25 - 35 cm. For radishes, loose soil with a neutral PH is suitable. If you are not sure that the soil meets these requirements, you can use the "old-fashioned" method and check the acidity of the soil.

For this you need:

• pour 5 - 7 leaves of black currant with a glass of hot water;
• insist 8 - 10 minutes and strain;
• put in a container with water a little earth from the intended landing site;
• wait for the liquid to stain.

Red or light burgundy color will mean that the soil is acidic, if blue, then the soil is neutral. A green tint indicates that the earth has medium acidity.

After diagnostics, if there is a slight swampiness, it is necessary to add a little lime to the soil.

Planting radishes is best where vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers and potatoes were grown last year, or where you plan to grow tomatoes.

In loamy and depleted soil, it is necessary to apply taking into account the sown area.

When the preparation of the seat is completed, it is necessary to make grooves on the garden bed at a distance of 10 - 15 cm from each other. You can sow seeds directly from the packaging bag, and if you want to get strong and large fruits, you need to pre-process the seeds.

Before planting radishes outdoors, place the seeds in a soft cloth dampened with warm water for 24 hours. Immerse them in hot water for 15 minutes before sowing to avoid rotting. Experienced gardeners, before planting, process the radishes with 1% iodine solution for several minutes and roll them in crumbled chalk so that the seeds are visible on dark soil, and you can control the distance between them.

The radish seeds are laid out in a 1 cm deep moistened furrow at 10 cm intervals so that each root crop has enough room to develop.

If sown in a quick way, then when the plant is picked, nearby shoots may be damaged and not develop further.

Spring planting of radishes in open ground ends with sprinkling the seeds with earth, and on top with a small amount of ash.

Vegetable crop care

Planting and caring for radishes in the open field does not have complex nuances, but requires certain rules that help grow juicy and large vegetables. This includes:

• watering;
• loosening;
• fertilization with mineral mixtures;
• weeding.

Radish is a moisture-loving plant, so the size and taste of the root crop will depend on the amount of watering. If the humidity is low, the radish will be bitter and tough.

It is necessary to water the radish only from a watering can, so that a strong jet from the hose does not damage the grown stems and does not wash out the roots.

To better retain moisture in the garden, add mulch to the topsoil using humus, plain paper or special film for garden crops.

In between waterings, you should carefully loosen the ground around the plant so that the main part does not rot, and the soil is filled with oxygen. It is necessary to water the garden bed regularly, because weeds can slow down the development of the sprout and take the necessary trace elements from the soil.

It is better to apply mineral fertilizers to the garden bed when the radish is planted in the open ground in the spring. But to accelerate the growth and development of root crops, urea and mullein are used, which are diluted in a proportion of 1 teaspoon per 200 ml of water, respectively. This solution is used to treat the strengthened sprouts. If you use a combined feeding, then it is better to give preference.

Never use fresh manure!

When radishes are planted in open ground under a film, the plant care algorithm is preserved, only the obligation is added to open and close the film every day until good weather conditions are established.

Planting radishes in open ground - video