Warm plaster appeared on the sales market not so long ago. But for some jobs it will simply not be replaceable.

Today we will look at warm plasters, you will learn their use and instructions on the rules of application will be given. Also in the video in this article you can see the range of products offered and you will be able to make the right choice.

Types of warm plaster are divided according to the options for using the components.

By looking we can see the following:

• The basis of one of the types of warm plaster is expanded vermiculite, which is a mineral additive obtained as a result of special heat treatment of rock of volcanic origin. Vermiculite fillers have antiseptic properties and can be used both outdoors and indoors.
• The basis of the following type of heat-insulating plaster is paper, sawdust, clay and cement. This composition does not allow its use outside buildings, but is excellent for indoor use.

Attention: This type of plaster can be used to cover any type of surface, including wood. Much attention must be paid to drying the surface. During the 2 weeks when it dries, it is necessary to ensure active ventilation of the room, otherwise mold or, even worse, fungus may appear on its surface.

• The next type of warm plaster is made on the basis of foamed polystyrene foam granules. In addition to it, the composition of the plaster includes cement, lime and a number of other additives and fillers.

A mixture based on polystyrene foam granules is very popular, so this article will describe its main technical characteristics in more detail.

This type of plaster is used:

• For thermal insulation and decorative finishing of facades.
• For plastering windows and door slopes.
• Additional insulation of walls when using well masonry.
• How additional element insulation and sound insulation.
• For finishing interior spaces, with additional sound and heat insulation effect.
• For insulation engineering structures, intended for supplying cold water and sewerage systems.
• For carrying out work on insulation of floors and ceilings of buildings and structures.

To understand how effective warm plaster is, it is necessary to compare it with other insulating compounds and materials.

Thermal insulating plaster mixture

Such a good thermal conductivity coefficient of the plaster was achieved due to its rare composition. Warm plasters use materials with low thermal conductivity instead of sand.

The composition of warm plaster consists of:

• Polystyrene foam granules.
• Expanded vermiculite.
• Sawdust.
• Perlite (perlite sand).
• Expanded clay chips.
• Pumice crumbs or powder.

Warm plaster, which is based on polystyrene foam granules, is very popular. This is due to the fact that it is cheaper, but has good performance parameters, and can be used both inside and outside buildings.

In addition to polystyrene foam granules, it contains:

• Plasticizers.
• Lime.
• Supplements
• Cement.

Warm plaster, based on polystyrene foam granules, has the following technical characteristics:

• Specific gravity: 200-300kg per cubic meter.
• Heat transfer coefficient – ​​0.065 W/mS.
• Water absorption coefficient – ​​70%.
• Group by fire safety– G1.

Attention: On sale you can also find warm plasters based on sawdust, paper, clay and cement. This type of plaster is called internal, since its use outside is not possible due to its high hygroscopicity.

In addition, such plaster requires a long time to dry, as well as good ventilation during this period, otherwise fungus may develop in it. In addition to these types, plasters based on vermiculite, processed using a special technology, are available for sale.

Advantages and disadvantages

Widespread heat-soundproofing plaster, which is based on sawdust or polystyrene foam granules, has a number of advantages:

• Simplicity and speed of application of the product to building surfaces.
• Full compatibility with all types of surfaces, including wood.
• The surface does not form cold bridges.
• The surface of warm plaster is not damaged by rodents.
• Environmentally friendly product. Teplover plaster video will tell you about this.
• It is based on components of natural origin.
• Retains its basic characteristics under any operating conditions.
• It is not a spreader of fungal diseases and mold.
• Does not contain harmful substances.
• Its price is higher than cement compositions and it is quite difficult to prepare it yourself, but its quality is beyond doubt.

Despite the large list of advantages, such plasters have their disadvantages:

• This type of plaster involves applying a layer of finishing putty or plaster on top of the plaster layer.
• The need to cover a much larger layer than when using traditional systems insulation.
• Quite a high cost, especially for those types of plasters that do not require a finishing layer.
• Impossibility of applying a layer thicker than 2.5 cm in one go.
• It has shown its effectiveness in plastering window and door slopes, and in filling small defects such as sinkholes, cracks or delaminations. ordinary plaster, and also as insulation of internal surfaces of residential premises, where the thickness of the insulating layer plays an important role.

This is a modern building material that can become an alternative traditional types coatings. Based on its main characteristics, warm plaster is superior in many respects to many well-known and popular examples.

Method of applying warm plaster

Since the application instructions are almost standard, you can apply this type of plaster yourself without involving specialists.

The plastering technology consists of the following stages:

• Everyone is getting ready necessary materials and tools, such as spatulas of various sizes, a trowel, usually a construction mixer and level, utensils for mixing plaster, metal beacons.
• The surface is prepared for plastering: dirt and dust are removed and, if necessary, trimmed.
• The walls are primed if specified in the instructions for use of this type of plaster.
• Kneaded plaster mixture. To do this, pour the entire contents of the bag into a container, add water and stir with a construction mixer. After this, the mixture should infuse for 5 minutes.
• Metal beacons are installed on the surface. They must be installed strictly vertically and in the same plane.
• The prepared warm plaster is applied to the wall using a trowel, and it is leveled using the rule, which should rest against the beacons. Excess solution is removed and reused. The plaster layer must have a thickness of no more than 2.5 cm. If more plaster is required, this should be done no less than after 4 hours.

Attention: When applying a layer thicker than 2.5 cm, the freshly applied plaster may slip or completely fall off the surface.

• If, after the beacons have been placed, it turns out that the layer of plaster can be more than 2.5 cm in places, then first apply a layer without leveling. This layer may be thinner than 2.5 cm and this is absolutely normal.
• Thermal insulating plaster based on expanded polystyrene foam granules is not intended for decorative treatment of walls, since it has low mechanical strength. Therefore, on top of this type of plaster it is imperative to apply protective layer with good performance mechanical strength. This property of this plaster must be taken into account when using this type of plaster.
• Considering the fact that it costs quite a bit, calculations should be carried out very accurately, especially for cold regions, where preference should be given to more serious insulation technologies, when a 50 mm layer of warm plaster can hardly be used.

Attention: Another thing is a combined approach, when serious work is carried out outside the building thermal insulation measures, then it is possible to use warm plaster from the inside of the building.

Do-it-yourself warm plaster is generally not applied. But look at the photo and you will see that it is completely indispensable for insulating windows and doors. Although the decision is up to you.

Many today are wondering what warm plaster is, for what purposes this material is suitable and how to work with it. Let's start with the fact that in the domestic market of construction and finishing materials This product is not that long ago.

So, warm plaster is a mixture made on the basis of the simplest cement. But, unlike ordinary cement mortar, sand is not added to the composition. Instead of him other ingredients are used:

• Expanded clay chips;
• Perlite sand;
• Expanded polystyrene granules;
• Powder made from pumice, etc.

What types of warm plaster are there?

If you are interested in what warm plaster is, you should keep in mind that it can be different. There are many types, now we will talk about most popular of them.

• Among all the varieties of warm plaster, one can note the composition, which contains expanded vermiculite. Expanded vermiculite is a mineral lightweight aggregate that is obtained through heat treatment to which vermiculite rock is subjected. If you need warm plaster for exterior work, it’s time to pay attention to just such products. And if you don’t want to look for other worthy options, other uses of the material are also possible. For example, this warm plaster is also suitable for interior work. Quite a decent, universal building material. Among the advantages of vermiculite are excellent antiseptic properties.
• If we consider popular types of warm plaster, we cannot ignore the “sawdust mixture”. This substance contains sawdust, as well as particles of clay, cement, and even paper. That is why it is not recommended to use warm sawdust plaster for exterior work. On the contrary, the mixture is most often purchased specifically as a warm plaster for interior work - any specialist will confirm this.

Sawdust plaster is an ideal product for covering brick (concrete) and wooden surfaces. It is recommended that the room be regularly ventilated while the sawdust plaster is drying. It takes approximately two weeks for the composition to dry. If the doors and windows are closed in the room, mold and mildew may appear on the surface - be sure to take this into account.

• People who want to buy warm plaster always pay attention to a type of material that contains expanded polystyrene foam granules. This plaster contains not only polystyrene foam - here you will also find cement, various fillers and additives, and lime. You need warm plaster for the facade - this option is well suited, however, it is also often used for indoor work.

Since it is the last version of plaster (with polystyrene foam granules in the composition) that is the most common (which cannot be said about other types), we will consider it in detail within the framework of this material. All comparisons with other materials will also be made specifically for this type.

Warm plaster and its areas of application

Let's look at the industries where this material is used today. Anyway, manufacturers recommend following:

• Finishing of facades and their thermal insulation;
• Soundproofing of internal and external walls on existing buildings, as well as additional insulation;
• Insulation of walls if well masonry is used;
• Insulation of slopes of door and window blocks in those places where they are adjacent to the walls;
• Insulation of cold and hot water supply risers, sewer risers;
• For internal finishing works(as a sound insulator and insulation);
• It is recommended to use warm plaster for insulation ceilings and floors.

External finishing of the facade with warm plaster

Let's talk in more detail about How effective is the material? by doing exterior finishing house facades.

1. Warm plaster for the facade will be heavier than all others possible types– up to ten times or more. Consequently, such a wall most likely requires a more solid foundation;
2. If it is assumed that the facade insulation structure will have a plaster layer over the insulation, the thickness of the insulation usually varies from 50 to 100 mm (depending on the thickness load-bearing wall, desired temperature inside and climate zone). If you pay attention to what the thermal conductivity coefficient is, then everything is clear - in order to achieve similar indicators, the layer of warm plaster should be one and a half to two times thicker.

In other words, a layer of warm plaster will have to be made 100-200 mm thick, but the maximum allowed application is only 50 mm - otherwise there will be dumps. Therefore, warm plaster for the facade should be applied on both sides of the wall at once.

Now, based on all of the above, let's consider everything advantages and disadvantages of the material:

pros

• It is applied very quickly (even one plasterer can apply 110-170 sq.m. in a day);
• Can be applied without using reinforcing mesh (in places where there are no cracks or corners);
• There is no need to level the walls if you are going to apply warm plaster;
• The material has excellent stickiness (adhesion) to all other wall materials;
• When arranging this insulation there is no metal bonds, accordingly, you don’t have to worry about cold bridges;
• Rodents will never settle in a wall that is insulated with warm plaster;

For more information about the advantages of warm plaster (including for insulating facades), watch the video material. Perhaps you will get answers to all your questions after watching.

Disadvantages of warm plaster

• The composition is not a finishing coating - not only a primer, but also a decorative layer of plaster should be applied to the surface of warm plaster;
• The required layer of insulation is thicker than when insulating with polystyrene foam or cotton wool (approximately one and a half to two times).

Based on all of the above, let’s talk about where it’s really worth using “warm” plaster.

• When sealing various joints, cracks in the walls, floors of the house;
• As additional insulation, but this is already for internal work - that is, you will need warm internal plaster (in a situation where work cannot be done outside - when, for example, there is already an expensive cladding that will definitely deteriorate during disassembly);
• Warm plaster is often used to insulate the base;
• When finishing window slopes, the material is also often used.

Applying warm plaster - technology

Before work, prepare the wall surface in the same way as before applying simple plaster to cement based. That is, all dust is removed, as well as the remains of other solutions. If necessary, the surface is treated with special deep-penetrating impregnations, or simply strengthened with a plaster mesh.

It is important that the surface of the wall, which will be insulated with warm plaster, is thoroughly moistened with water before starting all work.

1. When the composition is prepared for use, the entire package is poured into a container (its volume must be at least 50 liters);
2. Next, add water in the amount indicated on the packaging of warm plaster;
3. Everything is thoroughly mixed using a mixer;
4. The resulting mixture must be used within 120 minutes from the moment of preparation.

How to check whether the required consistency has been obtained or not? It's simple here:

• Scoop up the solution using a trowel and turn it over;
• If the mortar holds well on the trowel and does not fall off, it means that the plaster is completely ready for use;
• Ready-made plaster can be applied either by machine or by hand.

To avoid any difficulties when applying warm plaster, pay attention to the video: applying warm plaster. The lesson will be useful for both specialists and novice renovators.

What they look like subsequent work:

• The plaster mixture is applied using ordinary plastering tools (trowel, spatula, float, etc.) in several layers;
• The thickness of one layer should not be more than 2 cm;
• Each subsequent layer should be applied no earlier than 4 hours after the previous one was applied;
• If there is a high level of humidity outside and the air temperature is low (especially in autumn season), the drying time of the layer increases;
• It is customary to apply the solution only to the surface that has been leveled and primed;
• Apply warm plaster with a wide spatula, this is done strictly from the bottom up;
• It is impossible to apply a thick layer of plaster at a time - this may simply cause the mortar to slip;
• Check and acceptance plastering works usually carried out about three to four weeks after all the work has been done.

Common mistakes when applying warm plaster

It is not difficult to guess that during such work certain mistakes are often made - especially when the work is performed by novice specialists or simply amateurs. Consider this moment in more detail:

1. If peeling is observed, it means you made some mistake during work;
2. If the applied composition begins to crack;
3. If the geometry of the room changes due to the fact that the layer of warm plaster is too thick.

How to check the “geometric” quality of the plastering work that you have completed? This work requires a plumb line, as well as a two-meter rule, bubble level. Everything is checked simply: a two-meter rule is applied to the surface (as a rule, an aluminum strip is used as such a tool). If gaps are detected, it means that there are irregularities in the geometry.

It is important that deviations from the horizontal (or vertical) of the plastered surface are not more than 3 mm per meter.

About material consumption

What can we say about material consumption? Everybody is here quite understandable:

• For each square meter the surface takes from 10 to 14 kg, if the desired layer thickness is 25 mm;
• If the desired layer thickness is 50 mm, then the consumption is 18-25 kg per square meter;
• 1 square meter of wall insulation with warm plaster will cost you $40 (the information will be useful for those who want to buy such plaster) - with a layer thickness of 25 mm;
• If you turn to specialists to do the work, you will have to pay up to $15 or more for each square meter.

• To insulate “airborne noise” using warm plaster (this could be noise from a TV, conversations, the sound of a car engine), the material must have a fibrous structure. In addition, it must be ventilated. The effective thickness here starts from 0.5 cm;
• To perform isolation " impact noise“- knocking, falling objects, sounds of footsteps, the material must have elasticity (like rubber).

Warm plaster does not meet either the first or the second requirement, so all data on excellent sound insulation performance is most likely slightly overestimated.

For some work, warm plaster (facade, interior decoration) is indeed often used and this is quite justified. But its use is not always advisable - in many cases you can limit yourself to completely different materials or insulation and get either the same or a more impressive result.

Be sure to take this into account when performing finishing or repairs - in order to protect yourself from unpleasant surprises in the future.

Warm or heat-insulating plaster includes building mixtures, including, in addition to binder and minerals, light and porous fillers of artificial or natural origin. They are rarely used as primary insulation, but are ideal for improving thermal characteristics designs. Ready-made formulations with such properties are produced by many domestic and foreign manufacturers; the best reviews are from Knauf, Osnovit, Umka, Ivsil, Yunis and Vermix, the price is determined by the brand and quality. The choice of a specific brand depends on the conditions and location of the work, the type of base, the method finishing, budget and other factors, almost all of them are well suited for DIY application.

The base is a binder: cement (pure or mixed with clay or lime), gypsum and combined types. Sand is present almost everywhere, the difference is only in its proportion. The role of thermal insulation filler is performed by porous materials:

• Expanded polystyrene foam is an affordable and lightweight variety that provides good insulation. The disadvantages include its flammability, but when enveloping foam granules with cement, this factor becomes insignificant. Mixtures with EPS are not used as finishing materials; an important requirement is their protection from mechanical stress.
• Perlite sand or vermiculite is a natural and environmentally friendly type of filler. Particles of porous minerals, such as pumice, have similar properties.
• Foam glass - durable, lightweight, non-flammable hollow granules. Mixtures with their addition have an almost unlimited scope of application, but are also more expensive. They fuse with thermal loads better than others and retain their qualities throughout their entire service life.
• Clay, sawdust, paper, cellulose. Cheap fillers are used to independently prepare warm plasters; with such a significant drawback as low moisture resistance, they are better than others for covering wooden interior surfaces.
• Ceramic or glass spheres, polymer fiber are expensive and not always justified types of filler. The high cost is explained by the low thermal conductivity coefficient, durability and good sound insulation abilities.

Distinctive features include the need for a stable and reliable foundation. The quality of adhesion largely depends on the presence of polymer additives and the thickness of the applied layer: the higher it is, the greater the risk of peeling from the facade; in some cases, walls cannot be finished without reinforcement. Additional advantages are the elimination of cold bridges and ensuring good sound insulation of the house.

Review of popular plaster compositions

1. Knauf Grünband.

A dry mixture with water-repellent and heat-insulating properties based on cement, fractionated sand, polystyrene foam granules and hydrophobic additives. Maximum size Knauf Grünband grain size is 1.5 mm, this variety is suitable for both manual and mechanized application. Its advantages: versatility, vapor permeability, high compressive and bending strength of coatings, economical consumption. Knauf is laid at ambient and base temperatures above +5 °C in a layer of 10 to 30 mm; in difficult areas the solution is reinforced with fiberglass mesh. Recommended applications include the preparation of interior walls and facades before decorative finishing and plastering of ceilings.

2. Umka UF-2.

Decorative mixture with the addition of silicon granules to create a finishing layer when working with walls made of foam blocks, ceramics, brick, shell rock, metal, etc., thermal insulation doorways and slopes, gluing mineral wool insulation slabs. Suitable for both facades and interior use, the maximum thickness of the applied layer reaches 20 mm. The resulting coating has a slightly rough texture and provides protection from moisture, heat loss and noise. The disadvantages include the high cost - 1 kg costs at least 90 rubles.

3. HAGAst FS-420.

Professional cement warm plaster with perlite additives, designed for thermal insulation of bases made of brick, foam and gas blocks, gas silicate, wood concrete and other light types of concrete. Its characteristics allow it to be used for interior work, but due to its good weather, crack and impact resistance, it is better to buy it for finishing facades or repairing old surfaces with a high salt content. Due to its increased elasticity and small fraction size (within 0.63 mm), HAGAst FS-420 is applied in a thin, economical layer. The low coefficient of thermal conductivity allows the coating to retain heat well and protects masonry made from cellular blocks from cold bridges.

4. Ivsil Termosil.

An environmentally friendly composition of cement, foam glass granules and polymer additives. This brand is well suited for sound and heat insulation building structures, communications, etc., the coating formed during application retains its beneficial features for decades. The scope of application includes ceilings, internal walls and partitions, loggias, staircases, window and door openings, corners of apartments, facades. It is recommended to buy Ivsil Termosil if it is necessary to ensure a minimum load on the foundation of the building, including when carrying out restoration and repairs. The recommended layer thickness varies from 5 to 40 mm; plasticity and high adhesion allow finishing structures with complex configurations.

5. Teplon White.

A gypsum composition with perlite additives for interior walls is selected primarily when preparing surfaces before decorative finishing. Its advantages: lightness and minimal load on the base when leveling (up to 70 mm), ensuring a good microclimate and normalizing indoor humidity, plasticity, and the possibility of glossing. By analogy with common species Teplon White from Eunice allows you to quickly create a smooth and beautiful coating with minimal labor costs. The disadvantages include low moisture resistance; this brand is not used for facade works and in rooms with high humidity with the exception of cases where it is placed under tiles with sealed seams.

6. Vermix ШН50.

A dry mixture of cement, quartz sand and expanded vermiculite, intended for leveling and thermal insulation of external structures or creating an additional insulating layer in the pie. This brand has good feedback, it is valued for its vapor permeability, sufficient adhesion strength to bases made of brick, wall panels and blocks, concrete and stone, minimal risk of cracking and affordable cost. It is applied in layers: by spraying and leveling with a total thickness of 10 to 50 mm (more when reinforcing the surface with mesh) manually or using machines, final drying is achieved in 1-2 weeks.

Features of facade insulation

The main requirements of the technology for thermal insulation of external walls include taking into account the influence of their weight on the foundation, proper preparation basics, calculation of layer thickness, determination of the need for reinforcement or strengthening of hydrophobic properties. With rare exceptions, insulation is carried out at above-zero temperatures and under normal humidity conditions, which is taken into account when planning work. Preference is given to non-flammable, lightweight, vapor-permeable and weather-resistant options with high quality clutch.

Only prepared facades can be plastered: cleaned of masonry mortar, dirt or crumbling particles, dust-free, primed (with increased adhesion) and slightly moistened walls. Alignment is carried out using beacons; subsequently they must be removed. If the layer thickness exceeds the value recommended by the manufacturer, the coating is reinforced with fiberglass; if necessary, it is performed in several stages, including spraying and finishing. The need for grouting or treatment with water-repellent agents depends on the type of mixture; some brands of plasters withstand external influences better and do not require additional finishing; others are well suited for use as a leveling and strengthening base for the wall.

When taking all these factors into account, it is important to adhere to the manufacturer’s recommendations: the proportions, durability, thickness of the applied layer and its drying time before the next stage are clearly stated in the instructions. The solution is mixed completely (the entire bag is poured into the container), using a construction mixer or similar tools and consumed without a trace. Unlike the TsPS to decorative finishing The resulting coatings begin many times faster, but when drying in damp conditions, the interval between these stages increases.

Nuances of thermal insulation of house premises

Almost all compositions with thermal insulation properties are safe and equally suitable for internal and external work, with the exception of gypsum and pure lime. In this case, their goal is not insulation, but leveling and preparing the walls before subsequent finishing. Special attention require hard-to-reach places: corners, joints, window sills; they are difficult to plaster if there are significant deviations from the level. The advantages of the application include the ability to quickly finish ceilings while simultaneously enhancing their thermal protection.

Process of working with cement mortars inside the house is practically no different from external thermal insulation. Gypsum hardens much faster and requires some skill, but forms a smooth and beautiful surface. They are chosen when preparing bases for painting or wallpapering. Almost all brands of warm plasters for interior work need to enhance their hydrophobic properties; suitable measures include treatment with appropriate compounds or painting. The thickness of the layer is limited by the coefficients of vapor permeability and thermal conductivity; it is selected taking into account the mandatory removal of moisture from structures or its prevention.

Cost of ready-mixes

Name	Filler type/thermal conductivity coefficient, W/m°C	Special purpose	Consumption per 1 m 2, kg	Package weight, kg	Price, rubles
Knauf Grünband	Expanded polystyrene granules /0.55	For indoor and outdoor use, manual and machine application	18.3 with a thickness of 15 mm	25	260
Umka UF-2	Silicon particles/0.13	Universal decorative mixture for the finishing layer	1.1 at a thickness of 2 mm	12	950
HAGAst FS-420	Perlite/0.18	Lightweight warm plaster for covering blocks of cellular and gas silicate concrete	0.9 to 1 mm	15	200
Ivsil Termosil	Foam glass/0.065	Insulation and sound insulation of internal and external walls and communications	3-4 kg with a thickness of 10 mm	12	710
Teplon White	Perlite/0.23	For interior work	4-4.5 with thickness up to 5 mm	25	235
Vermix ШН50	Expanded vermiculite/0.23	Facade plaster	1-1.2 per 1 mm	17	320

Recently, among thermal insulation products in construction industry appeared new material, which received the unofficial name warm plaster. In addition to the functions of providing protection to the walls of the building from the effects environment, the composition plays a role thermal insulation material, keeping energy inside the building.

Speaking about plastering walls, the question that comes to mind is the labor intensity of the work, the need to attract specialists with experience and qualifications, but the classic application of sand-cement mixture to the walls does not solve the problem of wall insulation. With thermal insulation or “warm” plaster, there will be one less problem during construction.

When insulating, warm plaster is used for the facade and interior work. It is highly energy efficient, but remains an inexpensive construction raw material.

Material composition

For the manufacture of traditional plaster compositions, cement, sand, water, and, if necessary, mineral additives are used to add strength or frost resistance to the final product.

Thermal insulating plaster has the properties of both insulation and cement mixture.

This effect is achieved by applying a special recipe to the production of the material. The most common substances that are used to dilute the material to increase its energy-efficient properties of steel:

• expanded vermiculite;
• sawdust;
• granulated expanded clay crumbs;
• crushed pumice;
• granulated polystyrene foam.

Manufacturers and prices

The technology for producing the material appeared not so long ago, but there is already competition among manufacturers. Nowadays, the most famous heat-insulating plaster is of three brands: “Mishka” or “Varmix”, “Umka” and “Knauf”. Below is a description of each of them.

• Thermal insulation mixture "Umka". IN last years popular material. It has gained fame as a product suitable for interior finishing work. The basis of “Umka” is granulated silicon balls. It has vapor barrier properties, does not absorb moisture, absorbs sound waves, and is an excellent thermal insulator. Silicon balls are odorless and harmless to human health. In addition to increased thermal insulation properties due to granulated ceramic balls, the plaster composition acquires increased strength with a lighter weight. specific gravity. Applying such a mixture to wall surfaces will not require additional treatment with primer compounds or installation of reinforcing mesh. In construction markets, “Umka” is sold at a price of 100 rubles per 1 kg.

• Warm plaster “Mishka” or “Varmix”. Some people confuse these two materials, but they have the same manufacturer, who has rebranded the brand. Like the previous insulation, “Mishka” in its raw form is a dry mixture, which is diluted in the required proportions with water before application to the surface. Ready composition has high adhesion properties to any surface, which eliminates the need to treat walls with primers. This is an excellent sound and vapor barrier material. "Mishka" has positive properties competitor and is used as thermal insulation plaster for outdoor work. The price in the store per kilogram of “Mishka” starts from 120 rubles per kilogram.

• Thermal insulating composition "Knauf". Manufacturers took care of the versatility of the final product. Knauf can be applied to any type of surface. Even floor slabs are insulated and plastered with the mixture. Due to the fact that the plaster composition is applied both manually and using machine mechanisms, a person has the opportunity to save time when performing work.

On the construction market, the manufacturer presents the mixture in a wide range of products, each of which is designed for specific tasks. By adding additives during production, the tasks of imparting the properties of frost resistance, moisture resistance, or other properties to the final product are solved.

Impact negative temperatures during operation of the building does not have any effect negative influence to its chemical or physical properties. Initially, the material is provided with high strength parameters, which gives the capital structures of the building additional protection.

Types of warm plaster

Technically, the material has the properties it needs due to the addition of insulating materials to the base. There are three types of mixtures based on composition.

• Vermiculite based plaster. This additive is produced by heat treatment of vermiculite rock. Expanded vermiculite has antiseptic properties, protecting wall coverings from the formation of harmful fungal growths. This one is lightweight mineral filler added to ready-made dry mixtures, making possible use for facade work and interior decoration.
• A plaster mixture containing expanded polystyrene foam granules. The polystyrene foam content makes the plaster an excellent thermal insulator. In addition to this insulating material, the composition includes cement, lime, special additives and fillers. It is suitable for use as a warm plaster for exterior and interior construction work.
• Another type of this heat-insulating mixture is called “sawdust” , since in addition to cement, sawdust, clay, and paper are added to it. Due to the content of additional components, heat-insulating plaster for interior work is used for thermal insulation. Such warm plaster for exterior work on outside The walls are not resistant to constant exposure to moisture. However, it is also suitable for interior work. When insulating walls with this composition, keep in mind that during the period of hardening of the solution it is necessary to ensure constant ventilation of the room. “Sawdust” mortar is applied to brick and wooden walls. Hardening time is about two weeks. If you do not ventilate the room, the finishing surface will become covered with mold or mildew.

Cement heat-insulating plaster Knauf Grünband

Warm plaster Knauf Grünband deserves special attention. The Knauf product line itself is well known, but among them there are the most popular ones. Fractional components are no more than 1.5 mm in diameter. Application is carried out in two ways: manually and using electrical equipment.

This mixture is also used in addition to performing the main functionality. It helps solve other problems, such as:

1. Application waterproofing coating on the walls of the facades, basements, sanitary rooms and other rooms with high humidity.
2. Strengthening the surface of facades. High performance Knauf Grünband mixtures in the field of resistance to physical activity allow you to protect walls from the effects of external conditions associated with the natural shrinkage processes of the soil under the building. As a result, cracks do not form on the surface.
3. Decorative tasks. The structure makes it possible, through simple manipulations, to transform the plaster layer into a finishing decorative element for wall decoration. As a result, no additional painting work will be required, except for the final painting of the surface.

Knauf Grünband is sold in retail outlets in 25 kilogram containers. One bag, when applied to a wall 1.5 cm thick, is enough to treat a surface area of ​​1-1.4 square meters. m.

Work progress

Insulating plaster is applied to the wall surfaces according to traditional technology. Before starting work, the surface is cleaned of dust and flaking elements. Some types of warm plasters do not require treatment with primer compounds, but for higher adhesion, applying a primer will not be superfluous.

The solution is mixed in construction containers with a volume of at least 50 liters.

It is written on the packaging how much liquid will need to be added to the mixture according to the technology. Some plaster compositions harden in a short time, so you should carefully study the instructions from the manufacturer to avoid discarding the material.

In order to save time, the work is entrusted to experienced teams who have already completed more than one project using this technology.

Plaster, suitable as insulation for the facade, is applied in the same way as that used indoors. When working with it, it is important to pay attention to the frost resistance properties of the material, its adhesion when sub-zero temperatures. In the process of plastering the facade with warm plaster with your own hands, winter period there is a risk that the solution will not adhere to the frozen surface of the wall. In the future, the layer will move away from the wall, and the material will have to be thrown away.

The material is applied to the walls in several layers. Each layer is not made thicker than 20 mm, and it can be applied no earlier than 4 hours after the previous one. To carry out work experienced specialists Construction spatulas are used in two sizes: wide and small. The quality of work is checked using two-meter rules with a level. This should be done 3 weeks after completion of work. The deviation of the plane from the level should usually not exceed 1-3 mm.

Preparatory stage

Applying plaster to insulate the facade will require more preparation before starting work than indoors. High-altitude work require strict adherence to safety measures, the use of only certified equipment and building structures to ensure safe work. Before starting work, elements protruding from the body of the capital structure are removed from the surface of the external walls. After completion of general construction work, masons do not remove pieces of dressing reinforcement. They are cut to avoid future injury.

Work on the reinforcing layer

When the planning and preparation stage is over, the time comes when warm facade plaster is applied. In modern realities, this stage often begins with disappointment, as it turns out that the differences on the walls being treated are too great. Although solutions have great strength characteristics, sometimes this is not enough to avoid using reinforcing mesh as a load-bearing base.

The reinforcing layer is technologically designed to withstand loads from its own weight. Manufacturers provide data that their products do not require the provision of reinforcing mesh. In this matter, it is worth additionally monitoring the problem and obtaining expert advice, after which a final decision should be made as to whether the base should be reinforced under the plaster layer.

Advantages and disadvantages of warm plasters

Warm plaster is not ideal for interior construction work. Like any product, it has its pros and cons. Below is a description of the positive and negative traits for the general group of heat-insulating plaster mixtures.

Positive traits:

• no deformation changes over time, wear resistance;
• high strength;
• absence of components harmful to health in raw materials;
• resistance to low temperatures;
• high adhesion properties;
• Possibility of application to any type of surface;
• in most cases does not require a reinforcing layer.

TO negative properties The material relates to two points.

The thermal insulation properties of the material are lower than those of classical insulation materials. To ensure similar properties, it will be necessary to create a layer of solution 1.5-2 times thicker than when insulating with conventional thermal insulation.

Thermal insulating mixture is rarely used as a finishing coating. After drying, it requires final processing with more suitable materials.

Mixture consumption

Plastering walls with the help of hired personnel may be accompanied by unjustified material costs. Control of the production of the mixture by builders is ensured by calculations based on data from manufacturers of thermal insulation material.

Consumption ranges from 10 to 18 kg per square meter. meter. The consumption of warm plaster for external work will reach up to 25 kg per square meter. meter, so on external walls a thicker layer must be applied.

U different manufacturers the numbers may differ, but not significantly. Consumption will become higher if the wall surface has too many unevennesses, as well as due to overspending by builders on defects. These points are worth paying attention to.

How to make warm plaster with your own hands

When it is not possible to purchase a ready-made mixture, you should try making it yourself. You can make warm plaster with your own hands in a simple way. It is important to note that for its manufacture it is not enough to simply add granules of insulating raw materials to the cement-sand mixture. A special plasticizer is used.

To make the composition you will need ordinary water, cement, thermal insulation filler (vermiculite) and a plasticizer. PVA glue is used as a plasticizer. The ingredients are mixed in the following proportion: to one part cement, four parts filler. 50 grams of PVA glue per bucket of cement is enough. Add water to the required consistency.

Plastering the surface of the walls with a composition made by yourself takes place in three stages:

1. The plasticizer is diluted in water.
2. Filler is added to the cement. The finished mixture is mixed until smooth.
3. The dry composition is diluted with liquid, and the resulting solution is allowed to stand for 15 minutes.

After completing the preparatory work, the product is ready for use.

Warm plaster is a group of finishing coatings for external and internal use, combining leveling, hydro- and thermal insulation properties.

Composition, brands and GOSTs

The composition of warm plasters may vary due to the heat-insulating filler and binder base. Bulk materials act as fillers materials with low thermal conductivity: expanded perlite, vermiculite, polystyrene foam granules, foam glass. Some sources recommend sawdust, but they provide the worst quality coating, are susceptible to rotting and fire, and are therefore excluded from the review.

There is also a special type of warm plaster used for radiation insulation medical premises. Baryte plaster contains crystalline barium sulfate, a compound that absorbs x-rays.

Warm plaster for exterior use It is made on the basis of cement grades M-500 or M-300. With a hydrophobic filler (foam glass, EPS, etc.), such a coating is not afraid of precipitation, temperature changes and ultraviolet radiation. Plaster on insulation protects the main layer of thermal insulation from negative weather conditions.

For interior decoration, mixtures based on lime and gypsum, which are not resistant to moisture, are used.

Perlite is presented on the domestic market thermal insulation plaster following trading stamps:

All of them comply with GOST 31251 as materials with the highest degree of fire safety.

Release form

Ready-made mixtures are produced in dry form in bags weighing 7-30 kg. Depending on the formulation, they may contain superplasticizers that improve the solubility of cement and increase the plasticity of the solution. At home, such an additive is PVA glue or liquid soap dissolved in water. The plasticizer consumption is no more than 1% of the mass of cement in the mixture.

The shelf life of the mixed mixture is 30-90 minutes, so it is important to measure the volume of the prepared solution and the speed of work.

Characteristics

Specifications warm plasters may vary depending on the filler.

Name	Meaning	A comment
Strength kg/cm2		An excellent indicator that allows you to use the mixture to seal cracks between bricks.
Volumetric weight kg/m3		For a mixture based on PPS granules.
Shrinkage mm/m	Absent	After drying, it does not shrink.
Thermal conductivity W/mOK		Inferior to synthetic and mineral insulation 1.5-2 times, exceeds the usual cement-sand mixture by 4-5 times.
Frost resistance, cycles		The average figure is compensated by the ease of repair.
Water absorption%		Additional protection from moisture is required.
Vapor permeability		Maintains an even microclimate in the room, there is no “dew point”.
Fire resistance		Based on mineral granules - non-flammable coating, based on EPS - low-flammable.
Cost RUR/m2		Material consumption is 2-4 kg/m2
Soundproofing	Partial	A high soundproofing effect is achieved by mixtures with a fibrous filler such as the Houncliffe basalt mixture.
Toxicity	Absent	Completely environmentally friendly material.
Life time		Depends on the application. The outer coating lasts less, the inner one is as durable as possible.

Unique qualities

The main advantage warm plaster serves its high plasticity and adhesion (adhesion to the surface). It does not require perfectly smooth walls and performs an additional cosmetic function when decorating a room.

Allows you to insulate slopes, cracks and internal corners where installation of sheet and roll thermal insulation is difficult. There is no need for fasteners that act as “cold bridges” for other materials. The application speed of professional workers reaches 100 m2 in 1 day.

Warm plaster combines environmental friendliness and durability, does not emit volatile compounds and dust.

Minuses

The main disadvantage warm plaster its raw weight is used. The plastering process takes place in several stages; it is impossible to immediately apply a thick layer. The work is carried out in 3-4 passes, maintaining the previous layers until they “set” firmly.

Thermal insulation qualities the mixtures are average, and the price exceeds the more energy-efficient PPP. It is not used as the main insulation material in Russia; its thermal efficiency in our conditions is too low.

Application area

Insulation of interior spaces, primer finishing of walls. The use of such thermal insulation can reduce heat loss by up to 40%. This one is recommended material for additional thermal and sound insulation of walls and ceilings, window slopes, pipelines, sealing cracks.

Warm plaster for facade used as a protective and decorative coating for basic thermal insulation: mineral wool, glass wool, polystyrene foam, PPS or basalt slabs. It protects the insulation from moisture, weathering, ultraviolet radiation and has a beautiful rough texture.

Installation methods

Cooking instructions ready mixture usually indicated on the packaging. To prepare the solution at home, the binder component (cement, lime or gypsum), water and bulk filler are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:4. The mixture is thoroughly kneaded to the consistency of thick sour cream, after which it can be applied to the cleaned surface.

Plastering of internal walls is carried out along the beacons, the thickness of the applied layer warm plaster should not exceed 1 cm in one pass. If it is necessary to increase the thickness of the coating, then the first layer must dry, otherwise the plaster will fall off under its own weight. It is not advisable to make a layer thicker than 3 cm; the thermal insulation properties decrease as a result, and the load on the base becomes critical.

Plaster on facade insulation applied in a thin layer: 3-4 mm in the first pass, no more than 1.5 cm in total after preliminary application and drying of the reinforcing layer.