When hiring construction crew the cost of construction will double, so if you have at least basic skills, it is better to start building a bathhouse with your own hands. First of all, you need to decide on the building plan. You can create your own or use ready-made drawings and choose the design that best suits the size.

Registration of a building

No permit is required for the construction of auxiliary premises on private land. However, after completion of construction, the building must be registered with the BTI.

Regulated distance between buildings

Calculation of the quantity of materials

Most often, bathhouses are built from solid or rounded logs coniferous species, thick-walled timber, wood concrete or brick. In recent years, foam concrete has also begun to be used for construction. However the best material for her a tree is considered. Even in the hottest bathhouse made of this environmentally friendly material you will breathe easily and freely.

Rounded logs, regular and profiled timber

Construction of a bathhouse from chopped, rounded logs and timber

Building shrinkage

Assemble the building from timber preferably in winter. The fact is that in winter the moisture freezes out more slowly, and the deformation of the material occurs more evenly. By the end of summer, the main subsidence is almost over, and it will be possible to begin finishing.

Construction of the foundation

If the groundwater in the selected area is deep enough, it makes sense to use a conventional strip foundation. A pile or screw foundation is erected only when water is close to the ground.

Strip and pile foundations for a bathhouse

Laying the first crown

1. The casing (first) crown, which is closest to the ground, needs reliable waterproofing. To do this, 2-3 layers of roofing material or other bitumen-based material are laid between it and the base. Short 15 mm slats, treated with an antiseptic, are placed on top of it in the transverse direction, and only then the logs are laid out.

Direction of laying slats

Corner connections of log houses

The corners between adjacent walls can be connected in log houses in different ways:

Corner connections of log houses

Assembling a log house

1. The logs should fit together as closely as possible. The seams between them are sealed with a sealant: tow or jute. The gap between the casing and the foundation is additionally sealed with brick, polyurethane foam, halves of logs or bars. It is also possible to provide filling multi-level foundation, which will protect against the appearance of cracks.

Foundation with different levels

Window frame and grooves in window openings for it

Construction of a bathhouse with your own hands step by step, video, photo

Therefore, if you have at least basic skills, it is better to start building a bathhouse with your own hands

Building a bathhouse with your own hands: step-by-step instructions

Before building a bathhouse, you need to draw up detailed step-by-step instructions for carrying out the work, which should take into account all the nuances of the construction technology bath complex.

The step-by-step instructions used in the construction of a bathhouse may differ significantly depending on the materials used during installation and the characteristics of the soil at the construction site.

During the construction of a bath complex, a wide variety of materials can be used for work. Depending on the type of foundation, for example, metal and asbestos-cement pipes can be used when laying a pillar foundation or cement-concrete mortar and metal reinforcement during construction strip foundation. The following building materials can be used to build walls:

The most popular material used in the construction of a bathhouse complex is timber. This material is also considered the most practical and convenient to use.

Using timber can significantly save money on foundation construction. In the case of constructing a bath complex from timber, it is allowed to lay a light foundation. The use of timber allows the construction of a building that practically does not shrink, and during the installation process no additional adjustment of structural elements is required.

Building a bath using step-by-step instructions allows you to avoid almost all mistakes during the installation process and build an excellent bath complex with your own hands, without involving outside specialists. Step-by-step instructions for building a bathhouse greatly facilitate the installation process even for those homeowners who have minimal knowledge and skills in the field of construction.

Choosing a site for the construction of a bath complex

Step-by-step instructions for building a bathhouse at the initial stage involve selecting a place for work and preparation construction site. The ideal option is to select a location for the construction of a bathhouse at the stage of planning the placement of objects on a private plot of land. Very often, if there is a small area, the bathhouse complex has to be combined with some outbuildings, for example, a toilet and summer cuisine. In some cases, the combination of a bath is carried out with residential building. Bath complexes of this type are quite complex, and their development requires the involvement of professional designers of residential buildings.

When designing a structure and determining the location for its construction, it is necessary to take into account some natural factors that influence both the choice of location of the construction site and the layout of the bathhouse complex:

• groundwater level;
• identification of areas that are flooded during floods;
• location of a natural reservoir;
• prevailing wind direction and precipitation patterns;

The level of groundwater is easy to determine on your own. For this purpose, you should dig holes at least a meter deep in the corners of the construction site and, after some time, check whether water has appeared in them or not. The level of groundwater affects the choice of the type of foundation for the construction of a bathhouse complex.

The best option for choosing a site for all construction and installation work is a hill located a short distance from a natural reservoir.

Building on a hill allows you to avoid flooding during floods. The distance to a natural reservoir should not be less than 15 m, and in the absence of an elevated area, the distance to the reservoir should be at least 30 m.

In the process of selecting a site for construction, it should be ensured that the distance to the site boundary from the construction site should not be less than a meter. In addition, the bathhouse construction site should be located at a distance of 15 m from existing buildings.

Tools and building materials necessary for the construction of a bathhouse

Before building a bathhouse, when developing step-by-step instructions, after choosing a location for the construction of a structure, you should decide on the materials and tools necessary for construction work.

The most popular material is timber. It has a whole range of advantages. The most convenient type of timber to use is profiled timber. This material is resistant to deformation. When building a bathhouse from timber, you will need to prepare the following building materials:

• timber having a cross-section of 15x15 for mounting external walls;
• timber with a section of 15x10 for installation work on the construction of partitions inside the building;
• cement-concrete mortar for the construction of the foundation;
• reinforcement for reinforcing the foundation;
• building materials for waterproofing;
• crushed stone to create a blind area;
• timber for creating floor joists and floors;
• materials for insulation;
• materials for interior decoration;
• materials for creating vapor and thermal insulation;
• materials for roof installation.

The list of tools required during the work includes a shovel, a wood saw, an axe, a hand-held electric drill, a hammer, tools for laying inter-crown insulation and a mallet.

Building a bathhouse with your own hands

The next point in the step-by-step construction instructions for the construction of a bathhouse complex is the construction work itself.

The entire range of required construction work can be divided into several stages. The main stages of construction are the following:

• marking the construction site and preparing the site;
• laying the foundation;
• arrangement of the blind area;
• erection of walls of the bath complex;
• ceiling installation;
• assembly of load-bearing roof structures;
• installation roofing material;
• installation of hydro-, steam- and thermal insulation;
• assembly of communications in premises;
• flooring;
• installation of finishing material.

It should be remembered that after the foundation has been erected, it must be given time to gain maximum strength. When using a strip foundation, the period for gaining maximum strength with a cement-concrete mortar is 28 days.

Before proceeding with the installation of walls, it is necessary to ensure that high-quality waterproofing is laid on the surface of the foundation between it and the first crown of the walls. High-quality waterproofing will significantly extend the service life of the bath complex building without major repairs.

After completing the installation of the building walls, the assembly and installation of load-bearing roof structures is carried out. Features of the load-bearing roof structure depend on the roof configuration.

When the roof is installed, installation of utilities and flooring in the premises begins; at the same stage, steam, hydro and thermal insulation is installed.

Carrying out interior finishing and insulation of the bath complex

Ceiling insulation is not large sauna can be done in a flat way. Lumber is used for this hardwood. Boards up to 50 mm thick are sewn onto the ceiling, after which a layer of vapor barrier material is fixed to them. Foil material is perfect for this purpose. A layer of insulation is applied and secured on top of the vapor barrier layer. Mineral wool can be used as insulation. After laying the mineral wool, it closes protective layer foil material. The last stage of working with the ceiling will be the installation of finishing material.

If timber of sufficient thickness was used during the construction of the bathhouse complex, then it is possible to do without installing insulation on the inside walls of the bathhouse complex. In this case, before finishing, a layer of vapor and waterproofing is strengthened on the walls of the bathhouse, on which the finishing material is mounted. If the thickness of the timber is insufficient, then insulation of the walls inside the bathhouse is carried out in the same way as insulation of the ceiling.

Insulation of the floor in a bathhouse can be done using expanded clay.

To decorate the interior of a bathhouse, it is best to use lining made from wood that does not have structural defects. The material is secured using small nails.

Compliance with their sequence during construction work allows you to build a high-quality structure that will delight the owner for a long time.

Available and step-by-step instruction for the construction of a bathhouse

Step-by-step instructions for building a bathhouse. These instructions will help you avoid problems when planning and building a bathhouse on your site.

Building a bathhouse with your own hands

Do you want to build a bathhouse, but don’t know what material is best to use to realize your idea? Then be sure to pay attention to the timber. A bathhouse made from this material will be environmentally friendly, reliable and durable. At the same time, you can handle the construction of such a structure with your own hands.

Building a bathhouse with your own hands

Advantages of timber construction

There is absolutely nothing complicated about building a sauna from timber yourself. This material has many advantages over its closest analogue - rounded logs (logs). Among the main advantages of timber, the following points should be noted:

• all work on the construction and further finishing of a bathhouse made of timber can be completed without the help of third-party specialists;
• timber gives minimal shrinkage compared to all other wood-based materials;
• building a bathhouse from timber will require a much more modest investment compared to most other popular materials;
• factory-made timber may initially have fastening connections and you will only have to assemble the individual elements into the structure the right size like a constructor.

However, in order for a bathhouse made of timber to fully demonstrate all its advantages and serve for the longest possible period of time, you must approach the choice of building material responsibly and competently.

What timber can be used to build a bathhouse?

The most important operational parameters of the finished steam room directly depend on the quality of the wood. First of all, make sure that the logs are intact. No cracks or other defects are acceptable. Even minor damage can lead to big problems in the future, causing the wood to rot and collapse.

Profiles of logs and beams

Make sure there are no blue spots on the surface of the wood. Such defects indicate the presence of rot inside the material, the development of which in most cases is provoked by a variety of pathogens. Such material cannot be used for the construction of a steam room or any other building.

There should be no noticeable signs of damage from beetles and other pests on the timber.

High-quality timber has a perfectly flat and smooth surface. It is strongly recommended to refrain from purchasing material with distortions or any other damage - when laying the crowns, all deviations will clearly appear.

Guide to building a bathhouse

Pre-compile your own, order or find a bathhouse design in an open source. Calculate the required amount of building materials for the project and begin building a bathhouse from timber. Start by laying out the foundation.

The first stage is the foundation

The finished steam room made of wood will have a relatively low weight, which makes it possible to refuse to install monolithic recessed foundation structures. A structure made of timber will feel great on a regular strip or column foundation.

To arrange a strip-type foundation, dig a trench around the perimeter and under the walls of the future building, fill the bottom of the hole sand and gravel mixture, lay the reinforcing mesh, install the formwork and pour the concrete. The optimal foundation depth is 70-100 cm. When choosing a specific depth, be guided by soil freezing indicators for your region.

Strip foundation - construction procedure

Structure of a monolithic strip foundation

The foundation should rise above the ground by at least 50 cm - this will ensure the necessary protection of the lower crowns from excessive dampness.

Place strips of sand and gravel inside the perimeter of the strip base. In the future, you can fill them with concrete or build a wooden floor - choose the specific option at your discretion.

To install a columnar foundation, it is necessary to erect supports made of brick or concreted asbestos pipes around the perimeter, in the corners and under the future internal walls of the bathhouse. Under each such support, a concrete “cushion” should first be installed. Place the pillars in 150 cm increments.

Construction of a columnar foundation

Regardless of the type of base chosen, it must be subject to additional reinforcement.

Features of a columnar foundation with a grillage

Varieties of schemes for constructing a columnar foundation

Allow the concrete to gain strength for 3-5 weeks and proceed to further work.

The second stage - waterproofing the foundation

Waterproofing strip foundations with a special compound

Apply molten bitumen to the surface of the base, and a layer of roofing felt on it. Let the bitumen harden and repeat the above steps. As a result, you will receive reliable two-layer moisture protection.

Before proceeding with further work, saturate all wooden elements with an antiseptic. Such processing should be carried out after preparing the notches for fastening the beams, if such notches were not available initially.

The third stage is the first crown

Proceed with laying the first crown of walls. To do this, first lay slats up to 1.5 cm thick, pre-treated with an antiseptic, on a waterproofed base. Lay the slats in increments of about 30 cm.

Laying the first crown of timber

Place the first row of beams on the slats. Thanks to the slats, contact of the timber with the foundation of the bathhouse will be eliminated. This will provide additional protection against wood rotting and will significantly extend the service life of the material.

Assembly diagram of the first crown of a log house for a house made of timber

Lay the first crown without fastening for now. Make sure it is laid correctly and evenly using a square and level.

If necessary, level the beams lower crown, and then attach them to the foundation. There are several mounting methods. The most optimal and frequently used method involves fixing the timber with anchor bolts.

However, quite often developers refuse to attach the bottom beam to the foundation. In practice, the structure stands perfectly well without fastening the lower crown, held by its own weight. The advantage of this solution is that in the future, if necessary, the lower crown beam can be replaced with much less effort.

Fill the space between the first crown and the base with polyurethane foam.

Do-it-yourself sauna made of timber

The fourth stage - the remaining crowns

A wooden beam with a cross-section of 15x15 cm is perfect for laying out the walls of a bathhouse.

Cover the first crown of the timber with thermal insulation material. Jute or moss are traditionally used for insulation. You can also use tow. If moss or tow is used, the thermal insulation should be laid out with a 10-centimeter overlap at the edges. In the future you will use the raised edges for caulking.

How to build a bathhouse from timber

How to build a bathhouse from timber

Lay the second crown of timber and secure it with wooden dowels. Pre-drill mounting holes of the appropriate diameter. Typically, the length of one dowel is enough to fasten 2-3 rows of timber.

Lay out the walls to the required height. Every 3-4 rows check the structure with a square and building level. Place a sealant between the crowns.

How to assemble the walls of a log house

There is no need to secure the top two crowns. The wood will shrink. Ceiling beams can only be installed after wood shrinkage has been completed. To install the beams, the upper crowns will need to be dismantled.

Fifth stage - door and window openings

How to make door and window openings

There are two options for arranging openings for installing doors and installing windows.

In accordance with the first option, the mentioned holes are created after the construction of the timber bath is completed. To do this, you first need to leave small gaps in the crowns where doors and windows are installed. The dimensions of the gaps depend on the dimensions of the products being installed.

Door and window openings

After completing the construction of the bathhouse, you will simply use a chainsaw to make openings for installing doors and windows.

In accordance with the second method, openings for doors and windows must be left during the construction of the bathhouse. This option requires a more significant investment of effort and time. To implement the task, you will need to use special grooves and bars with end notches.

Stage six - caulking

Leave the finished timber box for “wintering” for 6-7 months. During this time, the wood will shrink sufficiently. During the “wintering” period, cover the timber with boards and slate.

If you used tow or moss as an interventional sealant, you can skip this point in the instructions - your log bathhouse most likely will not need additional caulking.

However, experts still recommend studying the condition of the structure. If you find noticeable cracks, be sure to caulk. To do this, twist the tow or moss into a rope and force the material into the gap, followed by compaction.

You can also use jute sealant to fill gaps. In most respects, this material is superior to tow and moss, but costs a little more.

Seventh stage - roof

The roof should become reliable protection your timber bathhouse. To the arrangement roofing structure You can start only after the wood has shrinked, otherwise the roof will move and it will be significantly deformed.

First step. Place wooden beams on top top harness walls

Second step. Attach to fixed beams rafter legs in increments of 100 cm. To connect the rafters at the ridge of the roof, cut them at the required angle.

Installation of a gable roof for a bathhouse

Third step. Nail a continuous deck of boards to the rafters (if for finishing soft will be used roll material) or build a sheathing (if you plan to finish the roof with tiles, slate or other sheet material).

Methods for connecting rafters

Fourth step. Install the final roofing covering in accordance with the instructions for the selected material.

How to make a bathhouse roof

Fifth step. Cover the roof ridge with galvanized iron. This will protect it from adverse environmental influences.

Sixth step. Sew up the roof gables with suitable available materials - clapboard, wooden board or siding. At this point, focus on your individual preferences.

After finishing roofing works start insulation and other insulation work, interior decoration and arranging a steam room in accordance with your project.

Building a bathhouse with your own hands - step by step instructions!

Find out how to build a bathhouse with your own hands. Detailed Guide for the construction of timber structures. Photo + video.

Baths have come to this day from ancient times. Even in the Scythian era, mobile heaters and special tents were very popular. And in our time, even with the advent of the shower and bath, the Russian bath has not become less common. People visit it not only to get satisfaction, but also to cleanse the body of harmful substances, improve overall health and get rid of diseases.

Now there are a variety of options for constructing a bathhouse. It is popular to build a bathhouse from foam blocks with your own hands, from timber, frame-panel materials, a log house, or rounded logs.

Before starting work, building a bathhouse may seem like a very difficult task to many, but when it is drawn up detailed plan, then it turns out that the step-by-step construction of a bathhouse with your own hands is not anything difficult. There is a lot of work, but if you design the structure correctly and carry out the work one after another (in stages), then over time you will be able to see your dream in reality.

As you know, the bath has enormous benefits for human health. Regular visits to her can significantly increase the tone of the body and improve its health, as well as relieve some diseases. The difficulty of the issue is that if you don’t have your own bathhouse, you have to visit paid establishments. And this involves additional financial costs, you have to adapt to its work schedule, neglect the rules of personal hygiene, because you never know who was steaming in it in front of you and how it was cleaned later. Of course, everything depends on the establishment itself, but still these factors create a certain discomfort among steam room lovers. In this regard, many people have the idea of ​​​​building their own bathhouse.

Initially, this idea may seem unsuccessful, because a lot of work needs to be invested. But when the first elements begin to be erected, the do-it-yourself bathhouse, the phased construction of which will already be planned, will appear before the eyes of the dreamer in a ready-made image, which will serve as an incentive to continue the path to his goal.

Construction of a frame bath with your own hands

Before you start building a frame bathhouse with your own hands, you should decide on a project that is suitable for bathing procedures, which means that it must ensure heat conservation in the walls of the bathhouse. Then, after constructing the frame, insulation work is carried out.

A bathhouse made of such material has a number of advantages. It heats up quickly and retains heat for a long time if installed sufficient quantity insulation. Price frame materials relatively low. This was the reason for the increasing popularity of this type of bathhouse construction.

Construction of a bathhouse from timber

Many people choose to build a bathhouse from timber with their own hands, since the advantages of this material, to put it mildly, inspire confidence.

The raw materials for the material are ordinary trees, which means it is environmentally friendly. In addition, being in such a bathhouse is very pleasant and useful.

The construction process, provided that the foundation is ready, takes a little time, such a bathhouse will serve for many years.

Construction of a turnkey bathhouse from timber with your own hands in Krasnoyarsk.

As a rule, the building is divided into three sections: a room for the guy, washing and rest.

Construction of a wooden bathhouse from a log house with your own hands

The material for construction is rounded logs, which are pre-processed and ready to arrive at the construction site.

Turnkey log bathhouse

Typically, logs are purchased from manufacturers who number them. The builders' task will be to stack the logs in the correct order. The building can be erected according to either a standard or an individual project.

Bathhouse construction plan

Before starting construction, it is necessary to draw up a plan for the future building and prepare drawings. To do this, you must first decide on the size, which depends on the area of ​​the site allocated for construction. Then you can calculate the dimensions of the rooms.

A full-fledged bathhouse includes a dressing room, rooms for the guy and washing (combined or not).

In order to understand the stages of construction and draw up a plan, you can find materials on this topic online. You just need to enter a request, for example: we are building a bathhouse with our own hands, a step-by-step construction demonstration. After viewing the results, everything will become much clearer.

Main stages of bathhouse construction

Step-by-step construction of a bathhouse with your own hands involves completing each new stage after completing the previous one. In this case, a seemingly complex process will seem labor-intensive, but easy.

The best way to understand how to build a bathhouse with your own hands, step by step, is a video from the Internet. Or you have a familiar builder who can show you and give you some advice. In any case, it is not worth starting work without first seeing what is being done and how.

Preparing materials for building a bathhouse with your own hands

The most popular are baths built of wood. They have many advantages over structures built from other materials.

The joists and several lower rows can be made from oak, which will have a positive effect on the durability of the building. Next, four rows are laid out with logs from larch, and the last rows from linden or white spruce.

To build a bathhouse, you need to use the middle part of the trunk, which must be dry and sanded. As a rule, wood is prepared in winter, due to the fact that it is not as wet as in warm seasons and dries faster.

Preparing the foundation for a bathhouse

When building a bathhouse with your own hands, the foundation deserves special attention.

In order to choose what type of foundation to build, you need to determine the type of soil on the site.

A columnar (pile) foundation is constructed on slightly heaving soils. As a rule, pillars are installed at the joints of walls, both external and internal. If the distance between them is more than 2 meters, then another pillar should be installed in the middle. The installation depth should not be less than 1.5 m and protrude another 30-40 cm from the ground.

The distance between the pillars is laid out with bricks, which go deep about 25 cm into the ground.

A strip foundation is poured on heaving soil. To do this, you need to mark the area and dig a trench. Then add a layer of gravel and sand to the bottom. After this, you need to build the formwork and fill it with concrete.

The depth of the trenches should be at least 40 cm, width - 30 cm. The foundation should protrude approximately 15 cm above the ground. When pouring, be sure to use reinforcement.

Waterproofing the bathhouse foundation

The next stage is the implementation of waterproofing and construction of the base. To do this, use brick, roofing felt, pipe, masonry mesh, masonry mortar and mastic.

Bathroom floor installation

For the floor you can use clay, earth, wood or concrete.

In different rooms of the bathhouse, the floors should be at different heights. In the steam room, the floor is 15 cm higher than in the washing room, in which the floors are 3 cm lower than in the dressing room.

The most practical option is to build a concrete floor with a ceramic coating.

How to make a floor in a bathhouse

Sewerage in the bathhouse

For withdrawal waste water From the bathhouse you need to dig a well for it, a pit with a water seal and install pipes. All this must be constructed in accordance with technology to ensure long-term trouble-free operation. The pipes should be plastic, not iron.

Installation of a log house, roof for a bathhouse

If the sauna log was made by professionals, then it must be laid according to the numbers indicated on the logs.

Do-it-yourself construction of a bathhouse roof is done using rafters, which are sheathed with boards and then covered with roofing materials.

How to build a roof on a bathhouse

Caulking for a sauna log house

To seal the cracks between the logs and insulate the walls of the house, you need to apply caulking. To do this you will need hemp hemp, wool felt, flax tow and red moss.

You can also take factory materials, which have their advantages in the form of resistance to fungus and moths.

Installing a stove in a bathhouse

Sauna stoves can be made of brick, cast iron or steel. Depending on the type of heating, they can be wood, electric, gas or liquid fuel.

Heater stoves are equipped with a special chamber in which stones of different weights are placed.

Installation of a stove for a bath, insulation of the ceiling and walls in the bath

Plumbing and electricity in the bathhouse

Water is usually supplied to the bathhouse from a well or borehole.

The electricity supply is practically no different from the supply to a regular house. It is only necessary that the characteristics of the cables and devices comply with fire safety standards and be waterproof, as well as resistant to high humidity.

Interior finishing work in the bathhouse

Partitions in the bathhouse are made of brick or wood.

The ceiling is made in two layers. The first one, which is attached to the joists, is the roughing one, the second one is the finishing one.

The windows in the bathhouse are installed small in size and not very high.

Doors must open outwards. The material for making doors is a tongue and groove board with a thickness of 40-50 mm.

Bath shelves are made of linden, pine, aspen or poplar. There should be no knots, as they become hotter and can cause burns.

If someone is interested in a “do-it-yourself bathhouse building video” that will show how it’s done, you can find it on the Internet without much difficulty and build yourself the kind of building you can only dream of

How to build a bathhouse with your own hands step by step (Video instructions)

Complete step by step guide how to build a frame, wooden or frame bathhouse with your own hands from start to finish. Videos from experts and tips for insulating baths

Almost every owner land plot, sooner or later, thinks about building a bathhouse. After all, a bathhouse is not just a room for washing, but also an important element of a country holiday. The construction of a turnkey bathhouse can be ordered from professionals for a tidy sum, or you can try to build a bathhouse with your own hands.

After reading this article, you will be able to choose a project, find out the sequence of the construction process, get acquainted with boiler models and find the best bathhouse option for your dacha.

Before starting construction, it is necessary to develop a bathhouse design. To do this, you don’t have to contact an architect; you can develop a simple project yourself, especially since there are now many computer programs for design.
Think about what size bathhouse will be optimal for your family. What rooms will be located inside the bathhouse? What materials to make the foundation, walls and roof from, do not forget also about finishing the bathhouse. An important point in design is the placement of the boiler and the method of firing it.
Below you can see popular projects baths:

• • The design of the bathhouse is 4x4 meters in size.

• • Bathhouse design - 4x6 meters.

• • Bathhouse design - 5x6 meters.

• • Bathhouse design – 6x3 meters.

• Bathhouse design - 3x3 meters.

Once you have decided on the size and materials for the bath, you need to create a cost estimate.

Foundation

To build a bathhouse, several types of foundations are used. Depending on the weight of the walls and soil characteristics, the following types of foundations are made:

• Slab foundation.
• Columnar foundation for light walls.
• Pile foundation.
• Concrete strip foundation.

As practice has shown, the most reliable foundation for almost all types of soil, there is a concrete strip foundation reinforced with reinforcement.

To make a reinforced strip foundation for a bathhouse you will need:

• Cement.
• Sand.
• Gravel.
• Fittings.
• Formwork.
• Ruberoid.
• Wire.
• Shovels.
• Concrete mixer.
• Tourniquet.
• Stakes.
• Tools (pliers, hammer, tape measure and others).

In the location chosen for building the bathhouse, mark a trench for the future foundation. To mark, use a tourniquet stretched between the pegs. The width of the trenches is based on the weight of the wall material. For one-story bathhouse made of wood or brick, it is enough to make a trench 30-40 centimeters wide. After installing the markup, do the following:

1. Using the markings as a guide, dig a trench 50-80 centimeters deep.
2. Compact the bottom of the trench and fill it with water to shrink the soil.
3. Cover the bottom of the trenches with roofing felt for waterproofing.
4. Fill the trench with gravel to a third of its depth.
5. Install formwork along the edges of the trench.
6. Make a frame reinforcing the foundation from reinforcement bars tied together with wire.
7. Install reinforcement cage into the formwork.
8. Using a concrete mixer, make a cement mortar in the proportion: one part cement to one part sand and two parts gravel.
9. Pour cement into the formwork, being careful not to allow any air voids.
10. After the concrete has dried, remove the formwork.

The foundation for the bathhouse is ready!

Walls

The following materials are used for the construction of walls:

• Wooden beam.
• Logs.
• Boards.
• Brick.
• Blocks from various building mixtures(cinder block, aerated concrete, wood concrete, and so on).

Since the construction of a bathhouse from logs or bricks is already quite widely described on the Internet, let's consider the option of building a frame bathhouse from timber 15x15 and 5x10 centimeters and boards with a section of 2x15 centimeters:

1. 1. Make bottom trim, to do this, take bars with a cross-section of 15x15 cm and install them on the foundation, connecting them together with special metal plates and corners. There is another way to connect bars, by cutting out tenons and grooves at their ends and then fastening them with screws or nails. When making the strapping, do not forget to place waterproofing under the bars.
   2. Install vertical racks from timber 5x10 cm. The distance between the posts is usually 50-60 centimeters. First of all, determine the position of the window and doorways and install the racks that frame them.
   3. While working, secure the already installed racks with temporary strips so that they do not warp.
   4. Make the top trim, securing it to the ends of the vertical posts.
   5. When making the final fastening of the top trim, carefully monitor the position of the vertical posts, checking their evenness with a level.
   6. Be sure to strengthen everything corner connections diagonal posts, this will help avoid warping of the frame.
   7. Make the ceiling sheathing.
   8. After making the frame, make the external cladding of the walls of the bathhouse with a board with a section of 2x15 centimeters. If you do not want gaps to appear between the boards, then make the sheathing - “overlap”, laying the bottom edge of the board on a nailed board. In appearance, this method resembles finishing walls with siding.

1. Having covered the outside of the bathhouse, proceed to installing the insulation. Sheets of foam or mineral wool are installed along the vertical posts of the frame.
2. On top of the insulation, it is necessary to install a layer of vapor barrier, which is attached to the vertical posts using thin slats.
3. After installing the vapor barrier, line the interior of the bathhouse with clapboard or slats.
4. Insulate the ceiling by laying vapor barrier sheets on the inner lining, then insulation. Sheathe the ceiling from the outside with sheets of plywood.

Please note that the manufacture and insulation of the ceiling can also be done after the roof has been installed.

Roof

There are three types of roof for a bathhouse:

• Single-pitch.
• Gable.
• Complex - consisting of four or more slopes.

Usually the first two options are used for a bath. Let's look at the option of a gable roof covered with metal tiles:


The manufacture of the roof begins with the installation of the Mauerlat. In case of frame walls, the role of the Mauerlat is performed by the upper outline.

1. Place the uprights on the bench.
2. Connect the posts using purlins and ties.
3. Install the rafter legs by attaching them to the mauerlat, purlin and connecting the upper ends together. The distance between the rafters should be 50-60 centimeters.
4. Install sheets of metal tiles.
5. Cover the gables with wooden slats or sheet metal.

For a more visual understanding of the roof fastening, here is a drawing:


All dimensions of roof elements are given in the list:


Please note that the less you slope the roof, the more snow load it will bear in winter. Also, a small roof slope can lead to poor water drainage and leaks.

Floors

The design of the floor depends on the type of room. In the recreation room, ordinary wooden floors are made. In the wash and steam rooms, the floors are made of two levels:

• The first level is made of concrete and has a slope towards the drain hole.
• The second level is a finished floor made of boards with gaps for draining water.

If you want to make a porcelain stoneware floor or tiles, then they are simply laid on the first level with a slope towards the drain hole.


In order to make a concrete floor and drain in a bathhouse you need:

1. In the center of the steam room and washing room, install plastic pipes with a diameter of 5-10 centimeters with a socket at the end. The pipes should go out through the foundation to the street and connect to the sewer system.
2. Lay down a layer of waterproofing material.
3. Spread a layer of gravel 10-15 centimeters thick over the entire area of ​​the rooms.
4. Make a cement mortar and pour the floor with a slope towards the hole installed on the drain pipe.
5. Install a screen over the drain hole to prevent debris from entering the drain.

At the second stage, wooden floors are made:

1. Install wooden logs in all rooms of the bathhouse. Make the distance between the logs 30-40 centimeters. As logs you can use bars with a section of 3x5 cm or 4x6 cm.
2. Nail boards with a section of 2x15 cm or 5x20 cm onto the logs.
3. In rooms where water is expected to drain, leave gaps of 0.5-1 cm between the boards.

Don't forget before you start installation wooden floors, treat all parts with wood impregnation. When making floors, keep in mind that they should be higher, or at the level of the upper edge of the foundation.

Boiler

The boiler model for a sauna will largely depend on your financial capabilities and the fuel you will use for heating. If you know how to use welding, then you can make a simple boiler yourself from thick sheet iron. If you prefer more advanced colas with gas or electricity, you can purchase them from specialized companies.

The boiler in the steam room is installed in such a way that the combustion chamber is loaded with fuel either from the street or from the rest room (dressing room). The boiler itself, for fire safety purposes, is located 10-15 centimeters from the nearest walls. The walls are as high as the boiler and covered with iron sheets. A good solution would be to line the boiler with bricks, thereby reducing its cooling time and protecting the walls from fire.

When installing a chimney for a boiler, Special attention Pay attention to the place where the pipe comes into contact with the ceiling. The opening for the chimney should be insulated with refractory material. Also, pay attention to the place where the chimney pipe exits through the roof. This area is usually prone to leakage, so it should be sealed thoroughly. Below are the options for boilers for baths:

• • Homemade boiler made from metal sheets.

• • A gas boiler.

• • Electric boiler.

• Solid fuel boiler.

Arrangement of the bathhouse

After the bathhouse is built, it is necessary to equip it:

• • Connect all available communications to the bathhouse - electricity, sewerage, water supply.

• • Place a sink, shower stall, light sources, and furniture for relaxation inside.

• • Decorate the walls of the steam room with shaped slats and make stepped shelves.

• Buy wooden tubs, buckets, ladles and brooms.

After arrangement, you can safely invite guests to take a steam bath in your personal bathhouse!

You can also watch the instructions for assembling a mini-sauna for a summer house without a foundation in the video:

Options for beautiful and unusual baths

Except traditional materials and design for the bath, there are many alternative solutions. Below we present photographs of the most unusual baths:

• Mobile sauna made of clapboard, built on a car trailer.

• Bath in a huge wine barrel.

• Bathhouse made of plastic bottles.

• The dugout bathhouse was built directly into the ground.

• A sauna housed in an iron container.

• Forest sauna made of untreated logs.

• A beautiful bathhouse made from a gun carriage.

• Bathhouse made of unedged boards.

At the end of the article, I would like to remind you that heating a bath is associated with fire and high temperatures. Therefore, when building a bathhouse from bricks, logs, cinder blocks or boards, pay great attention to fire safety. This warning also applies to electrical wiring, since the rooms inside the bathhouse have high air humidity and the risk of a short circuit due to condensation is very high.


We hope that reading our article will encourage you to self-construction baths!

Washing in a country bathhouse is a pleasure available to everyone. Its construction does not require large financial investments. In a minimal plan, such a structure is erected in a few days.

In this article we will look at the topic of how to build the simplest bathhouse in your country house quickly and inexpensively.

Let's start by studying ready-made options, we will discuss the designs of walls, floors, stoves and sewers that are popular among craftsmen.

Design Features

The main conditions for the comfort of any bath are:

• Walls, floor and ceiling well protected from heat loss.
• Reliable insulation of structures from water and steam.
• Compact, quick heating oven.
• Effective sewerage and ventilation.

Examples of country baths

In photo No. 1 we see a simple bathhouse, reminiscent of Diogenes’ barrel. You can only take a steam bath in it. You won't be able to wash yourself here because there is no sewage system in the building. However, if desired, it is not difficult to do. To do this, you need to install a standard shower tray in the corner of the bathhouse and lead the drain pipe into the septic tank.

Photo No. 1 Build such a “barrel sauna” at your dacha and steam to your heart’s content

An important advantage of this design is its low weight, allowing it to be placed on a plank terrace.

The construction of the simplest bathhouse from the container category is shown in photo No. 2.

Photo No. 2 Container option country bathhouse

It consists of one steam room. For washing, the owner needs to attach a canopy with summer shower or supplement the room with sewerage, and the stove with a tank for heating water.

Improvising on the theme of a barrel-shaped bath, let’s pay attention to cellular polycarbonate. It can be quickly and easily assembled original design. In order for it to retain heat well, you will need two large sheets of this material and a frame made of metal or wooden blocks. A mineral wool insulation 10 cm thick is laid between them.

The ends of the building can be made from boards, stuffed onto an insulated wooden frame. Place such a bathhouse anywhere: at your dacha, on a polar ice floe or on the top of Everest and you will always be comfortable in its steam room (photo No. 5).

Photo No. 5 Simple barrel-shaped bathhouse

A small Russian bathhouse, made from scraps of timber, can be installed on oak posts. We see an example of such a structure in photograph No. 6.

Photo No. 6 Oak posts are an excellent support for a small wooden bath

Larger structures require own foundation. There are three possible options here:

1. Rubble concrete tape.
2. Brick columns.
3. Piles made of asbestos cement pipes.

Do not forget that the type of foundation affects the choice of material and wall design. Pile and columnar foundations are used to install a wooden frame, as well as for bathhouses made of timber or logs (photos No. 7 and No. 8).

Photo No. 7 Bathhouse made of SIP panels on screw piles

Photo No. 8 Brick columns - the best option for timber, log and frame structures

The “tape” of rubble concrete is suitable for any walls (made of gas silicate blocks, logs and frames).

A cheap, reliable and simple version of a bathhouse is obtained using technology. For such a structure you will need little: a truck of firewood, a cart of straw and a dump truck of clay (photo No. 10).

The best shape for a wood burning structure is round. It eliminates the need to reinforce masonry corners and looks aesthetically pleasing and original.

By borrowing from birds the technology of building nests from branches and clay, you can build such a simple and warm bathhouse (photo No. 11).

Photo No. 11 Wicker frame coated with clay - “know-how” of an inexpensive bathhouse design

Recommendations for choosing finishing, insulation, sewerage installation, flooring, roofing and stove

For the exterior finishing of a frame bath, we can recommend the following materials:

• Wooden blockhouse.
• Metal tiles or corrugated sheets.
• Plastic siding.
• Cement particle board (CSB).
• OSB board.
• Flat slate.

Photo No. 12 A simple, but at the same time very nice option for exterior finishing of a bathhouse using unedged boards

It is best to use ecowool as insulation. It does not accumulate moisture, does not rot and does not burn. If ecowool is not available in your region, then you can buy regular mineral insulation in the form of a semi-rigid slab. It is easily and simply placed in the spaces between the frame posts.

To protect mineral wool from water vapor and reduce heat loss, the walls are lined with sheets of foil polyethylene. After that, a frame of slats is attached to them and trimmed with wood: alder, linden or pine clapboard (photo No. 13).

Photo No. 13 Steam and heat insulation of the walls of a country bathhouse built from any material

We do not recommend installing OSB board indoors. This material releases toxic gases when exposed to high temperatures.

Options for steam and thermal insulation of walls of a frame structure, as well as a bathhouse built from blocks or logs, are presented in Figure No. 1.

Building a simple bathhouse with your own hands includes sewerage. It can be made from standard plastic pipes laid out in cesspool or drainage well.

The water intake funnel is placed in the center or in the corner of the room, and the floor is made in the form of expanded clay concrete screed with a slope towards the drain. Before concreting, you need to compact the soil and cover it with several layers of waterproofing. Wooden flooring is an excellent option, but in a bathhouse it quickly rots and requires replacement. Instead, we recommend making gratings from wooden slats and put them on concrete screed. After washing, they can be removed, taken outside and dried.

Constructive bath ceiling standard First, a vapor barrier film is “attached” to the rafters and counter-battens (3x4 cm) are stuffed. A clapboard cladding is attached to them. The gaps between the rafters are filled with insulation and covered with under-roofing film. It protects it from weathering and atmospheric moisture (Fig. No. 2).

Fig No. 2 Ceiling structure of a country bathhouse

A counter-lattice is stuffed onto the film, creating a ventilated gap between the roof and the insulation. The work on installing the ceiling and roof is completed by installing the main sheathing and laying the roofing material (slate or metal tiles).

The main “detail” of any country bathhouse is the stove. It should provide rapid heating of the air and maintain a high temperature. A metal stove heats up the fastest.

To accumulate heat and create steam, it must be equipped with a compartment for stones. Options for stoves for simple baths A lot has been created, so we will not dwell on them in detail. Let's just say that the easiest way to make a heat generator is from steel pipe large diameter, old gas cylinder or barrel (photo No. 15). Another easy-to-use material is steel sheet 3-5 mm thick (photo No. 16).

Photo No. 15-16 A simple stove made of a pipe and a stove made of ferrous metal

Mastering the simplest techniques welding work, you can assemble such a structure without outside help.

Building your own bathhouse on the site of a country house is quite a serious and troublesome matter, so you need to approach this issue with full responsibility. In this article we will try to highlight the main points of construction, and in general, talk about how to build a bathhouse with your own hands on own plot, making the most rational use of their capabilities.

Self-construction of a bathhouse, from start to finish

Any construction begins with the preparation of design and permitting documentation. With the construction of a bathhouse, the issue is resolved a little easier, since it is a non-residential auxiliary premises.

According to Article 51. “Issue of construction permits”, Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation dated December 29, 2004 No. 190-F3, a separate permit for the construction of auxiliary buildings is not required. However, after constructing a bathhouse, you must contact the BTI to register the new building on the general plan of your site.

The construction project of any structure is, first of all, necessary for the owner himself to:

• objective budgeting;
• development planning;
• competent construction of the building;
• laying all necessary communications.

In addition, for the understanding person, the project contains ready-made instructions, which will tell you how to properly build a bathhouse with your own hands. Therefore, this point is mandatory for the construction of objects of any complexity, including baths.

Start of construction

Once the project has been selected, the time frame and budget for the development have been set, and the necessary materials have been purchased, construction work can begin.

The first step is usually planning work on the ground and digging a pit, it is recommended to observe certain conditions:

• When planning the territory, it is necessary to remove the fertile layer of soil and store it separately until the work is completed, and then return it to its place.
• When renting earth-moving equipment, in parallel with the pit, it would be advisable to immediately dig trenches to connect communications to the bathhouse (water supply, sewerage, electric cable).
• During construction, equip drainage ditches, to remove rainwater from the pit.
• Install fences at the work site and provide walkways and paths for the safe passage of people.

Advice! It is best to start excavation work in the second half of spring, when the snow melts, the ground dries out and warm, clear weather sets in, and try to finish it before the period of prolonged rains, snowfalls and autumn frosts begins.

Choosing a foundation

For the construction of a bathhouse, there are several types of foundations. All of them are made on the basis of reinforced concrete.

Which one to choose depends on the characteristics of your site.

1. Shallow strip foundation, the most common option. Suitable for sandy, stable soils with low burial levels groundwater. The work on making a strip foundation consists of digging a trench about 400 mm deep, installing formwork, filling the bottom of the trench with a layer of sand, then a layer of gravel, installing reinforcement lining, and pouring all this with concrete to the top level of the formwork.

1. Columnar foundation, are reinforced concrete pillars installed at the corners of the building and at the junction of internal and external walls. Instead of reinforced concrete, brick or rubble stone bound with cement mortar can be used. Used on slightly heaving soils. The depth of the pillars, as a rule, can reach one and a half meters. The work consists of digging holes, installing formwork, filling with crushed stone, installing reinforcement, and pouring concrete into the pillars. As an option for a columnar foundation, bored piles can also be considered.

1. Screw piles, another type of columnar foundation, are used in the case of weak peat or fluid clay soils. The depth of such piles can reach several meters until its base reaches solid layers of soil. A screw pile is a thick-walled steel pipe with metal blades at the base, which is screwed into the ground manually or using mechanisms. After deepening, the pile is cut to required height, and filled with concrete mortar.

1. Monolithic concrete pad, is used in the case of difficult hydrological soil conditions with a high level of groundwater. It is a monolithic reinforced concrete slab, which is poured on site over the entire area of ​​the pit.

Advice! The distance between the load-bearing supports of a columnar foundation should be no more than 2 meters. If there is a greater distance between the corners of the building and the intersection of the walls, it is necessary to install additional intermediate support.

External and internal walls

Before you build a bathhouse with your own hands, you need to decide on the material of the walls. Brick and natural wood are most often used for these purposes.

In addition, sometimes the bathhouse is built according to the principle of frame-panel construction, where a prefabricated structure made of wooden beam, and the cladding is made of composite materials based on wood chips with expanded polystyrene filler. Also, in some cases, the walls of the bathhouse are built from materials based on lightweight concrete, such as foam concrete or wood concrete.

For those who are wondering how to build a cheap sauna with their own hands, the most advisable would be to follow interior walls and piers, made of the same material as the external ones. The difference is mainly only in the thickness of the walls.

Each of the materials has its own advantages and disadvantages.

1. Brick is characterized by easy accessibility, fire safety, durability, resistance to high humidity and the effects of rodents, pests, and molds. Constructing a bathhouse from it does not require any special skills and can be done with your own hands. Disadvantages include low thermal insulation capacity, high weight, relatively high cost of material and construction costs.

1. Natural wood, environmentally friendly, due to its porous structure, has good thermal insulation and breathability, has a small specific gravity. In our latitudes it is an accessible and relatively inexpensive building material; the construction of walls takes little time. However, a long time is required for the shrinkage and shrinkage of a log house; practical skills are required for construction; the tree has an increased fire hazard, does not withstand the effects of water, and is not resistant to mold, rodents and various pests.
2. The advantages of frame-panel construction lie in the simplicity and high speed of construction of such objects, their mobility and versatility. If necessary, the bathhouse can be converted into a barn, living space, or even moved to another location. In general, this relatively new method has recently begun to gain popularity, and you can learn more about it from the materials on how to build a panel bathhouse with your own hands.
3. Structures made of lightweight concrete or wood concrete, which replaced foam concrete, are structures made from blocks made from a mixture of chopped wood fiber materials with cement mortar. This one is relatively new material combines properties natural wood and monolithic brick. It is characterized by high strength, durability, fire resistance, low specific gravity, good thermal insulation and breathability, and resistance to moisture, rodents and mold. However, it is better to protect it from direct contact with water.

Based on the characteristics given, everyone can take for themselves optimal solution, what to build a bathhouse from.

Sauna stove

As is known, one of the most important elements any bath is its stove. From ancient times to the present day, the most widely used stove is a brick stove, which is heated with wood or coal.

The firebox of such a furnace, made of refractory brick, in its lower part has grates made of thick-walled metal, through which, from the blower compartment, air is supplied to the furnace, ensuring stable combustion of the fuel and a rapid increase in temperature.

It has some features that are not inherent in a regular home stove.

• The stove is usually equipped in such a way that it simultaneously heats the steam room, the washing compartment, and the rest room, which is often combined with a dressing room.
• From the side of the washing compartment, a heat exchanger enters the oven, into which is supplied from below cold water, heating up, is directed upwards and enters the container for hot water. Thus, constantly circulating, it heats up to a high temperature.
• On the side of the steam room, on the stove there is a compartment for stones. During the process of heating the stove, the stones become heated, and during bathing procedures, after applying small portions of water to them, they release heat in the form of superheated water vapor into the steam room, which is the whole steaming process. The more stones there are on the stove, the longer the sauna can retain heat.

B with good insulation, it makes sense to use electric heaters, the price of which will be lower than the cost of construction and operation wood stove. In them, the stones are heated by the heat of powerful electric heaters.

The advantages of such stoves are ease of installation and operation, fairly quick heating of the room, no need to prepare firewood or periodically add fuel. Also, they are lightweight and compact in size.

Among the negative qualities of such stoves, it should be noted their high electricity consumption, and in some cases, their operation requires a three-phase power supply, which is not available in every country house.

Note! requires arrangement for it separate foundation, in no way connected with the load-bearing foundation of the bathhouse. For electric ovens no installation required.

Engineering communications equipment

In order for the bathhouse to serve as a full-fledged place of relaxation and satisfy all the needs of sanitary and hygienic procedures, it must be equipped with all the necessary communications.

The water supply can be installed using conventional metal-plastic pipe, laying it underground in a protective shell with thermal insulation.

Sewerage also needs to be equipped with underground laying plastic drain pipe for outdoor use, connecting it to the general drainage collector of the house, and directing the drainage from the bathhouse to the septic tank.

Electricity can be supplied using either underground or overhead cable line power transmission For this purpose, you need to use a special cable of a suitable cross-section, connecting it after laying it to switchboard Your house.

Conclusion

Many owners of suburban areas are concerned with the question: how to quickly build a bathhouse with your own hands? This article, as well as other materials on similar topics, is aimed at helping readers get an answer to their question. If this theoretical material is not enough, you can watch the video in this article.

For a Russian person, a bathhouse is not just a place where you can wash yourself. Her visit has become a tradition a long time ago. Here the Russian people relaxed, recovered their health and simply had a good time. Until now, the functions of the bathhouse have not changed. This place remains one of the favorites of our people. Dacha owners are trying to build this building on their site. Some people do it themselves, others hire a team of specialists.

Features of the bath

Since ancient times, so-called “purgatories” were built for noble people, in which they renewed their spirit. The design of the Russian bathhouse is the same as that of other similar buildings. Visually, it is no different, for example, from a Finnish sauna. But there are some nuances that distinguish the Russian bathhouse from all others.

The main feature of this structure is the presence of light steam in it during use, while the humidity is at the level of 60%, and the temperature reaches 50–70 degrees.

For Russians, visiting a bathhouse is a whole ritual with its own customs and traditions.

To create a temperature regime in the bathhouse, a special stove-heater is used, which maintains the heat of the stones. They are located in a small compartment behind a metal door. Wet steam enters the steam room from the stove. The door is opened only to pour water onto the stones, causing it to turn into steam. Thus, the humidity in the bathhouse is maintained at the required level.

And, of course, what Russian bathhouse is complete without a broom? It is usually made from birch or fir. Due to the fact that the necessary humidity is achieved in the room, you can take a good steam bath with a broom. There will be no similar effect from the procedure if the air in the room is dry.

One of the most important conditions for creating a real Russian bath is a good stove, which must have certain qualities

It is believed that the main building material for the construction of a Russian bathhouse can only be wood. It is loved for its naturalness and environmental friendliness. True, the cost of a bathhouse will be noticeably higher than when using foam blocks or bricks for construction.

Choosing a site for construction

Choosing a place to build is very important point. There are different types of baths based on the method of lighting: “white” and “black”. The latter are currently erected very rarely. The first ones are built near the house. Sometimes a white bathhouse is made as an extension to a home, and it is necessary to obtain special permission from the fire service.

Previously, the bathhouse was built on the banks of rivers and lakes, so that after all the procedures one could plunge into cool water. But today it is difficult to do this. A way out of this situation can be the construction of a small personal pond near a bathhouse or swimming pool.

Experts advise building a bathhouse at the highest point of the site. This way, precipitation will not be a problem for you.

Design

The bathhouse design is one of the most important elements of the preparatory work.

It must indicate the number of rooms in the building where communications and other similar information will be located. Most often, a steam room, a room for washing, relaxation and a corridor are built in a bathhouse. If the budget is limited, then sometimes the owners combine a steam room with a washing room, and a dressing room with a corridor. But this is not very convenient, because not everyone wants to wash in a heated room.

Bath design - important stage preparatory work

The size of the bathhouse is planned depending on how many people will visit it at the same time. If it is for one person, then you can make it small. But if you host a lot of people and love bath treatments, then you shouldn’t skimp on space. But remember that warm up to desired temperature A large steam room is not easy. Usually it is made for 2 people. For this, 4 m2 is enough.

At the design stage, think about the furniture that you will place in the rest room. Make this room as comfortable as possible so that you can fully relax in it.

A well thought out and drawn up project will be an indispensable assistant during construction work

The corridor is necessary so that cold air from the street in winter does not immediately enter the premises where you will be half-naked.

Stages of bathhouse construction

Conventionally, they can be divided into several:

1. Construction of the foundation.
2. Construction of walls and floors.
3. Roof construction.
4. Ceiling arrangement.
5. Laying thermal insulation.
6. Clean finish.

Construction of the foundation

Most often, a columnar or strip foundation is erected under the bathhouse. The latter option is more reliable, but its construction requires much more materials, and therefore the financial costs of its construction will increase.

Perform construction in the following sequence:

1. Clear the area where the bathhouse will be built. Remove debris and vegetation. Can be removed upper layer soil (200–300 mm) completely.
2. Make markings using pegs and rope.

   The evenness of the foundation depends on correctly executed markings

3. Dig a trench around the perimeter of the future bathhouse. The depth of the foundation is selected based on the quality of the soil and the mass of the structure.

   Most often, a strip foundation is erected for the construction of a bathhouse.

4. Place a sand and crushed stone cushion at the bottom of the trench. Its ideal thickness is 250–300 mm.
5. Now build the formwork. It can be made from moisture-resistant plywood or long boards 5 cm thick.
   The foundation should be 200–300 mm larger than the thickness of the walls of the future building. It should be made 400–500 mm above the ground level.

   Edged boards can be used for formwork

6. Construct a reinforcement frame from rods with a diameter of 1.2–1.5 cm. Fasten them to each other with metal rods with a cross-section of 6 mm. First the construction is carried out vertical frame. Place it in corners and in places where the walls of the bathhouse intersect. Also, vertical rods must be placed under door and window openings. They should rise 300–350 mm above the base. After installing the vertical frame, proceed to the horizontal one using reinforcement of the same diameter.
7. When the metal skeleton is ready, pour cement mortar in several stages. The first layer is 300–500 mm. It should be the most liquid in consistency. Using a special vibrator or metal pin, compact the concrete layer by piercing it in several places so that the air remaining inside comes out. Thus, the quality and strength of the foundation is improved. Then pour the next layer of concrete. Repeat the procedure until the base is completely filled.

   The foundation must be poured along the entire length of the formwork at the same time

8. Cover freshly poured concrete with polyethylene to prevent precipitation from getting there. The base will completely harden in about a month. After this period, the formwork can be removed. Experts recommend giving the foundation another 2 weeks to settle so that it becomes stronger.
9. The last stage is waterproofing the foundation.

   Insulation and waterproofing of the base will make your bathhouse even better quality

Now you need to give the structure time to shrink.

Thermal insulation should not be neglected either. This process is optional, but recommended. In this way, you can increase the thermophysical qualities of the bath. Foam glass or polystyrene foam is suitable for this.

Walls and floor

It is best to use wood to build a bath structure. Its obvious advantages are good preservation heat and creation cozy atmosphere. You can also use timber to build a bathhouse.

Timber is one of the most common materials in construction

A building made from it shrinks less, and the material is easy to work with.

Incredible beautiful baths made from logs

You can use logs. To build walls from them:

1. Select material with the same diameter.
2. Then trim the logs.
3. Lay the larger diameter elements first. Connect them together using spikes, which must be deepened inward by 270–300 mm. No matter what is used for construction, it is recommended to treat the crowns of the structure with an antiseptic.

To ensure that the walls of the bathhouse are as airtight as possible, the gaps between wooden elements it is necessary to caulk with felt, hemp or moss.

This must be done at least twice. The first time is immediately after the walls are built. The second - after complete shrinkage of the structure. Punch all seams with wooden slats.

Use clay, concrete or wood to construct the floor.

Clay does not allow water to pass through. Liquid can stagnate in its cracks, resulting in the appearance of unpleasant aroma. Wooden floors absorb moisture, causing them to rot and collapse. Concrete covered with tiles is the most reliable option. For comfort, mats made of cork or wooden frame.

The best floor for a bath is concrete

To build the floor:

1. Arrange first sand cushion, the layer of which should be 100 mm. It must be thoroughly compacted.

   The sand cushion must be compacted well

2. Then lay the crushed stone. Level it out.

   Layers of sand and gravel should be the same

3. After this, lay down waterproofing material (roofing felt). It should overlap the walls of the bathhouse. And the last stage is cement screed.

   You can use roofing felt to waterproof the floor.

There is no need to create a ventilation system in the steam room, since there must be wet steam in a Russian bath.

Roof arrangement

Even at the design stage, consider whether you will have an attic.

The roof of the bathhouse can be constructed in several ways

This roof is more attractive. Usually they are equipped with bathhouses, which are used year-round. If it is visited only in the summer, then there is no need to arrange the attic.

The roof consists of rafters, purlins, frame and waterproofing material. For construction you need:

Ceiling

The ceiling in a Russian bath can be panel, floor or hemmed. In the latter option, for arrangement you need:

For small baths that do not have an attic, they usually build floor option ceilings For its construction:

1. The boards are laid in increments of 2.5 m. Steam and heat insulating materials are laid on them.
2. Then they are covered with boards.

This ceiling option is not very durable. If you build it for a large bathhouse with an attic, it can easily fail.

Panel ceilings are difficult to construct independently. The advantage of this option is that you can use leftover building materials to make it. That is why this ceiling is the cheapest. It is usually made from shields. To make them, load-bearing bars are made, to which the internal lining, vapor barrier, thermal insulation, waterproofing and external drain are attached. To prevent heat loss, a sealant is placed between the panels when laying the panels. It could be felt or polyethylene film.

Work on thermal insulation and waterproofing of walls

Thermal insulation is necessary to maintain high level temperature and humidity.

In order to retain heat for as long as possible, thermal and waterproofing must be done at a high level

• mineral wool;
• expanded polystyrene;
• polyurethane foam;
• foam glass.

The most important quality for thermal insulation material that will be installed indoors is that it must withstand high temperature conditions and be fireproof. Mineral wool basalt based is ideal for this. It can withstand temperatures up to 1500 degrees.

Mineral wool is ideal for saunas

Polyethylene film or roofing felt is usually used as a waterproofing material for a bathhouse. It is attached to the walls under thermal insulation. A vapor barrier, such as glassine, is placed on it. Materials must be laid with an overlap of at least 100 mm.

After this, you need to build a wooden frame from bars, which are pre-treated with an antiseptic agent against rot. They are fastened in increments of 10–20 mm smaller than the width of the thermal insulation material.

After the insulation is laid, you need to make another layer of vapor barrier. Use aluminum foil for this, which reflects heat and protects all roofing materials from moisture. The foil is spread in a continuous layer and fixed with construction tape.

Thermal insulation of the ceiling is very important, because heat, according to the laws of physics, rises upward. And in order not to lose it, you don’t need to neglect this process.

Finishing work and room decoration

The last stage can be considered the finishing of the walls and ceiling. It is recommended to begin all work related to cladding only after the structure has completed its final shrinkage. There are many options finishing materials. Different decorative elements will perfectly complement the interior of the bathhouse. Personal preferences and financial opportunities The owners play a key role in this matter. The most common finishing option is lining.

The interior arrangement of the bathhouse is left to the taste of the owner

Decorative tiles that line the stove, carved elements, unusual wooden shelves, interesting ladles, etc. All this will help you create an original and unique interior.

To finish the bath, you can use wooden lining

Video: construction of a Russian bathhouse

Building a sauna on your own is difficult, but possible. If you approach the theoretical part of design responsibly and correctly use the acquired knowledge in practice, construction will seem like an exciting process. In addition, you can always tell your friends that this bathhouse was built with your own hands.