Autonomous heating systems in private houses perform one of the main functions in their arrangement. Not only the comfort of living depends on the correct distribution of heat in the premises. Heating also carries a structural load: it prevents the occurrence and spread of dampness, mildew and mold. With the constant rise in prices and expensive connection costs, it is becoming more and more topical issue, what heating is better in a private house.

U autonomous heating there are a number of advantages, but you still need to choose the right system

Heating systems: their selection and requirements applied to them

To date, presented various schemes devices of heating systems and models of equipment for them. Ideal option when choosing them, no. But there are basic rules that need to be followed - to achieve proper regulation, distribution and transfer of heat throughout all rooms of the building.

Main criteria when choosing heating systems:

Minimum expenses with high heat transfer. Providing housing with the required amount of heat and low installation, operation and maintenance costs.

Maximum automation. To ensure safety, heating systems must be operated with the least possible human intervention in their operation.

High wear resistance of all elements. The necessary equipment must be selected taking into account its operational reliability.

In some cases, you can use the formula: “the simpler, the more reliable”

Types of autonomous heating systems

All heating systems without exception are classified according to the type of fuel needed for their operation. If you need to constantly save on system energy consumption, and it is possible to use several types of fuel for heating, then the best solution will be the acquisition of combined equipment. These models have all the advantages standard types heating boilers and can operate on several types of fuel. For information purposes, we present different types installation so that the developer can choose for himself which heating is best for a private home.

The boiler for the heating system can operate from any type of fuel

Water heating

One of the most recognized devices in the system individual heating in my house. The coolant here is a closed circuit pipeline with wiring, with water heated from the boiler circulating through it. Heating is installed in several ways: single or two-pipe, with batteries (cast iron, steel, bimetallic) or convector-type radiators. The heating boiler model is set taking into account the type of fuel.

Schemes of an autonomous water heating system

There are several options for installing such systems. When designing a private house, you need to carefully consider their choice.

For the purpose of familiarization, different types of installation are presented so that the developer can choose for himself which heating is best for a private home.

Wiring with separation according to the type of circulation system

assembly with natural circulation due to pressure difference;

installation with forced type of circulation.

At the location where the supply line is laid

installation with top wiring;

installation with bottom wiring.

It makes sense to consider such schemes only when building a two or three-story house

By number of risers

single-pipe installation diagram;

two-pipe scheme.

By location of risers

vertical connection diagram;

horizontal connection diagram.

According to the highway laying diagram

decoupling diagram with incidental highways;

decoupling diagram with dead-end highways.

A dead-end circuit is used when there is no large quantities radiators

Heating scheme "Leningradka"

The Leningradka scheme simplifies the process of adjusting the temperature for each individual room in the house.

pros:

constant volume liquids in coolants;

saving on fuel;

noiselessness at work;

simplicity in installation, maintenance and repair;

big term operation.

Minuses:

slow heating;

frequent cleaning radiators to increase heat transfer;

high possibility of leakage pipes in case of metal corrosion;

mandatory deletion fluids from the system before its conservation;

need for permanent job , to prevent liquid freezing during the cold season;

labor intensity during assembly.

Diagram of the Leningradka heating system

Air heating

Heating of the home is carried out directly with air, which is heated by a gas air heater, water heat exchanger or electric heater and is distributed through the supply air ducts through the fan into the heated rooms of the house. Cooled air is taken from the premises through return air ducts and mixed with Fresh air from the street, this mixture is cleaned of dust by a filter and again supplied to the air heater for heating. And so on in a “circle” until the temperature in the house reaches the value set on the thermostat and the system turns off. When the temperature in the house drops by 1 degree, the thermostat will turn the system on again and so on.

Instead of heating the air in winter, in summer the air in such a system can be cooled by installing an air conditioner evaporator or a water cooler in the duct next to the air heater. An evaporator can be used to heat air if external unit air conditioner has a function heat pump.

If necessary, you can add a humidifier, air sterilizer, or additional HEPA filter to the channel.

Manufacturer of air heating systems - ATM Climate company

pros:

• High levels of comfort due to a combination of heating, ventilation and air filtration in the basic version.
• Energy savings of up to 30% compared to other types of heating due to controlled ventilation.
• High reliability, long service life and no threat of system defrosting.
• Possibility of adjusting temperature conditions using a thermostat according to the program and via the Internet.
• Opportunity to work in air conditioner and heat pump mode.
• All types of air treatment in the house at “one point” (humidification, sterilization, additional filtration).
• Ease of maintenance (replacement of filters and other replaceable system elements).

Minuses:

• Air ducts occupy some part of the internal volume of the house.
• Air ducts must be integrated into the structure and interior of the house at the design stage.

Steam heating

Heating installation with device steam systems and now remains in demand. The system works normally with various types of fuel - wood, gas, coal, electricity. When installing it, priority is given to combined heating methods (gas + electricity, solid fuel). The correct choice of fuel combination will significantly reduce the cost of heating a home.

Installation diagram of an autonomous steam heating system

Operating principle

In a steam boiler, the liquid is heated to the boiling point, and the resulting steam enters radiators or pipes. Gradually cooling, it condenses and flows back into the boiler. Operational reliability directly depends on the model of the steam boiler. It must be selected taking into account the area and engineering features of the building.

Pros of the system:

environmental purity;

fast heating houses regardless of their area;

cyclicality;

good heat transfer;

low probability b freezing of the system.

In general, the steam heating scheme does not differ from conventional water heating

Minuses:

heat inside the coolant negatively affects the operational capabilities of the system;

availability required permitting documentation for commissioning;

there is no way to support a certain temperature regime inside the building;

noise when filling with steam;

need for constant monitoring due to the explosion hazard of steam boilers;

big price equipment;

complexity installation

Gas heating

If in the area where it is located a private house, there is no main line with gas, they are assembling a system with liquefied gas heating. For this purpose on personal plot install a gas holder - a sealed container, which is periodically filled with propane butane.

A gas holder is essentially a big one gas cylinder, which is buried next to the house

pros:

ecologically pure heat source;

increase service life equipment;

full autonomy.

Minuses:

labor intensity installation;

inconvenience refueling;

problems with receiving permitting documents;

high cost installations;

constant control from the outside service departments;

if there is no connection to the gas main, then it is necessary availability of special installations for fuel storage.

design of country houses and turnkey heating and insulation systems for houses. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Heating with electric installations

Rising energy prices have significantly affected the popularity of installing heating systems using electricity. This approach is economically justified only in the absence of other alternative options. Electric fireplaces, convectors, infrared heaters, warm floor.

Advantages of heating with energy carriers:

relatively small cost of equipment for installation;

it is possible to use electric boilers to obtain hot water supply;

environmental friendliness;

possibility of automation to maintain optimal conditions in the building temperature regime;

not necessary in an expensive after-sales service;

possibility of rearrangement heating device from one room to another.

Minuses:

high power consumption (up to 24 kW/hour) and considerable cost of electronic media;

need to install additional multiphase distributors;

if possible power outages the entire circuit fails.

Geothermal installation to create a heating circuit

Choose heating for a private home, using the earth's energy resources for this purpose - get an environmentally friendly and economical source obtaining heat for heating private housing. 98% of the sun's energy is accumulated in the soil layers, which is the basis for fuel production. Regardless of the time of year and temperature on the surface, heat is retained in the deep layers of the soil.

Scheme of arrangement of a geothermal heating system

A geothermal installation consists of external and internal circuits. The external circuit (heat exchanger) is located below ground level. Inner circuit is a conventional system located in the house and assembled from pipes and heating radiators. The coolant is water or other liquid containing antifreeze.

pros:

possibility of setting up and starting up the system in different climatic conditions;

environmental safety;

permanent receiving required quantity thermal energy;

small expenses for operation.

Video - cost of installing a turnkey geothermal system

Minuses:

high cost purchasing the necessary equipment;

payback installation is possible only after 7-8 years;

labor intensity installation;

need for construction collector.

Heating with solar panels

Alternative and environmentally friendly safe way heat generation – installation of heating using solar collectors. In regions with low solar activity, this method is used as a backup or additional option.

For the greatest efficiency of the system, it is necessary to correctly position the batteries on the roof

pros:

big service life;

fast payback;

availability installation equipment;

the best option for heat generation from electric heaters and when installing heated floors;

environmental safety;

simplicity in operation;

no costs for the purchase of fuel.

Video - What is air-to-air heating or air heating?

Minuses:

need for constant sunlight ;

necessity in complex calculations For correct installation photocells;

roof installation at a 30 degree angle;

preferably have a spare source of heat available.

Stove heating

The use of fireplaces and stoves is advisable only as a source of additional or temporary heat energy when installing heating systems in individual construction. Mainly used for heating country dachas. In private houses with a large area, with permanent residence of people, they have no efficiency, since they are not able to ensure uniformity in the supply of heat throughout all rooms. Or you will have to additionally install a water heating system, and use the stove itself as a beautiful wood-burning boiler

The stove is more suitable for a small house

On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer turnkey installation of stoves and fireplaces. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Conclusion

To decide on the best option arrangement of autonomous heating systems and to finally figure out which heating system to choose for a private home, it is advisable, first of all, to analyze which type of fuel is most accessible in a given area. The decision in favor of installing a suitable heating system depends on this.

The general principle of operation of all water heating systems is the same: the coolant is heated in the boiler and moves through the pipes to the radiators, transfers heat to the room, and then returns to the boiler. In this case, circulation can be natural or forced. It all depends on what sets the coolant in motion. In the first case it is gravity, in the second it is a pump.

Natural circulation systems

Systems with natural circulation, due to their characteristics, are more suitable only for houses with a total area of ​​up to 200 square meters. m, or rooms with few thermal circuits. In addition, they will require large diameter pipes (at least 40-50 mm). Moreover, they are laid at an angle to horizontal plane so that the water flows under the influence of its own weight. Such systems are difficult to regulate, but they are independent of the power supply.

Forced circulation systems

Systems with forced circulation suitable for houses and objects of any size, they are easily adjustable and more efficient in heat transfer. A great advantage is the comfort of use (the ability to maintain the required temperature in each room). They can use small diameter pipes. In such a system, there is less difference in temperature between supply and processing, which increases the service life of the boiler. The only drawback is the need for uninterruptible power supply.

Also, heating systems can be open and closed type :

In the first case, to compensate for the expansion of the coolant (water or antifreeze) in the heating system, an open expansion tank. In the second, a closed membrane tank is used.

In an open system, the expansion tank should be installed at the highest point of the system. In a closed one, there is no need to place a membrane tank at the top.

Closed system membrane tank has a lot of advantages compared to open. Here are the main ones: the tank can be placed near the boiler, there is no need to pull and insulate the pipe into the attic, pressure is created throughout the entire system, which promotes uniform operation of all radiators, there is no evaporation of steam or liquids. Open systems are rarely used these days.

Types of pipe layouts in heating systems

Based on the type of pipeline design, systems are divided into single-pipe and two-pipe. Single-pipe systems are different:

With bottom wiring (popularly often called Leningradka) when the heating pipeline passes through the entire house or facility in a circle, returning to the boiler. Heating devices are attached to the heating bed; there is an option when the pipeline passes directly through the radiators.

Sometimes such a system is used on several floors, making each floor its own circuit. Advantages of Leningrad: a small number of pipes, no risers, you can position the system without spoiling the design (when there is no way to hide the pipes). Minus large diameter pipes, uneven heat distribution (the first devices are hot, the last ones are cold), the inability to regulate the system.

Second type single pipe systems- with top wiring (called the Moscow system), when the heating pipeline runs along the top of the room and returns to the boiler through the bottom. The batteries sit on risers that connect the supply and processing. Plus, such a system is able to work without electricity, temperature uniformity across the batteries is achieved using different diameters pipes and thermal calculation number of sections (and the number of sections in the same rooms will vary and depend on many characteristics).

Minus systems, the difficulty of accurately adjusting the system, risers and heating beds disrupt the design (if it is not possible to hide it in the walls). In Siberia, this is a frequently used scheme in private homes (many of our clients use this particular scheme if there are power outages).

Two-pipe heating systems also come in several types: manifold or fan pipe distribution. It is often also called beam or cabinet. This system is the most popular in cottages and buildings. The meaning of the collector system is that on each floor there is one or several cabinets with collectors, and from these collectors supply and treatment pipelines extend to each heating device.

Radial floor wiring

It happens when all the collectors are assembled in the boiler room. The advantages of fan wiring: each device can be turned off separately or adjusted by temperature, all pipelines can be laid in the floor, the system does not spoil the design of the premises, it is easy to calculate when designing, the ability to automate the system. Cons: more pipes, higher system costs. Sequential two-pipe system.

Often the classic two-pipe heating system with bottom wiring in residential apartment buildings. Heating pipelines are laid under the ceiling of the basement floor (in false ceiling or open) or in the floor structure of the basement floor, they are connected to heating risers that supply heating devices with coolant.

It is advisable to design this scheme when heating large country houses(from 1500 sq. m.), subject to the presence of an operation service. The advantage of this scheme is that in residential premises there are only heating devices, there are no cabinets, the floor screed is reduced (no space is needed for laying heating pipelines), in terms of material, relative to the manifold scheme, it is more profitable. Since this is a two-pipe circuit, the temperature difference across the device is constant, and if desired, each device can be turned off to replace it without stopping the entire heating system of the country house.

In places where the drain is connected to the main line (on ground floor) differential pressure regulators (balancing valves) are often installed - they can create a large local resistance and hydraulically level all risers in the building. One of the varieties of a two-pipe sequential system is a floor-to-floor heating system.

The meaning of this system is as follows - a riser is raised from the boiler, and heating lines are laid on each floor along the perimeter of the house with heating devices connected in series to them. The main criterion for using this scheme is that the pipelines are located at outer wall at home and do not interfere with anyone or anything and ease of installation - all pipelines are located near the floor, construction works are kept to a minimum (there are no grooves, no niches for cabinets in the built-in version), it is possible to turn off each floor separately, the circuit is not expensive to install (relative to a cabinet).

In addition to serial and radial pipe routing, in our work we often come across a “combined” type of routing. It is used in the case when, with radial wiring to one collector ring, several radiators are powered. As a rule, these radiators are located in close proximity to each other (in the same room).

Or a combined collector type when supply and treatment distribution manifolds are installed in the boiler room, and then pipelines diverge along the circuits (to different rooms or even different objects). This system is effective in large cottages and buildings where there are many different thermal circuits or several rooms. Possibility of setting different temperatures in different rooms, inexpensive system to install.

In such systems Heat is transferred by heated water. It is heated in a boiler room, in a furnace or boiler. From here it goes into pipes and radiators, which heat up and radiate heat into the rooms.

It is possible to heat a house without radiators. A similar method is used in small private houses. In this case The pipes play the role of the emitter.

Another option for water heating without batteries is water heated floor. In this system, water pipes are concreted into the floor. The heat from their radiation is accumulated in the concrete screed, which radiates it into the surrounding space.

In system warm floors Water does not move well on its own, which is due to the horizontal arrangement of the pipes. Therefore, they build into the system circulation pump.

Important! Water heating may be highly effective or uneven. It depends on the pipe laying pattern. Uniform heating of all rooms is achieved with a collector circuit. Less uniform heating - with single-pipe and two-pipe schemes when water moves from one room to another sequentially.

System advantages water heating:

• The heating device can operate on any energy carrier: wood, coal, gas, electricity or accumulated solar energy. You can install several different boilers in the system, operating on different types fuel.
• With the correct arrangement of the heating system, the coolant (water) moves on its own. The exceptions are water-heated floors and oil-based liquid systems. In oil systems, the coolant has low fluidity rates, so it moves slowly and also requires the operation of a circulation pump.

If there is no heating, the water in the pipes may get cold and freeze. This will require further dismantling, disassembling pipes and batteries. If the house is not intended for permanent residence, it is necessary to drain the water or fill the system with a special antifreeze liquid, technical oil.

Air

This is one of the old ways of heating a house in which heat from the heated oven is used. The walls and air ducts of the furnace heat up when wood and coal burn inside. After which the heat enters the surrounding space.

The main heating is carried out by means of ovens air passages — air ducts. They are laid in the central interior wall premises.

When laying a chimney in the floor of the room and placing the stove in the basement, you can get heated floor construction using coal or wood. Another option is to build into the oven to heat the walls and air ducts. gas injectors. Thus, air heating can also operate on various energy sources, solid and gaseous fuels.

Advantages of air heating:

• Various types of energy carriers are used: firewood, coal, pellets, lumber waste.
• The oven can be made of clay and bricks. Thus, air heating is the most inexpensive arrangement heating the house.
• This type of heating is suitable for heating systems in homes seasonal residence: at dachas, in country cottages.

Flaws:

• You must be able to “heat” the stove, do not close the chimney damper until the firewood is completely burned out, so as not to cause an accumulation carbon monoxide and poisoning by them.
• The stove must be lit, cleared of ash, and loaded with firewood.- this is required daily from 1-2 hours. Exception to the rule - solid fuel boilers long burning, a lot of firewood fits into their loading chamber. They also have higher operating efficiency due to complete combustion of fuel.

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Gas

This is home heating using energy from gas combustion. The device in which gas burns is called a gas boiler.

Advantages:

• Possibility of automatic operation- the house will be heated without spending time on cleaning the stove every day.
• Relative accessibility— gas is cheaper than electricity.

Flaws:

• To connect gas supply required.
• For installation gas boileryou need a separate room.
• Periodic system checks are required to detect possible gas leaks.

Electrical

One of the most expensive options for heating a home. In him metal heating energy is used, which is formed in wires when passing through them electric current. The generated heat can be accumulated by a concrete screed, such a heating system is called electric heated floors, or accumulated by a liquid coolant, such heating is called electric water heating.

Another option - installation of electric heaters. These are devices that generate heat.

Photo 1. Electric heater installed wall method. The device is connected to the outlet.

Advantages electric heating :

• Possibility of periodic operation and use in seasonal homes. At the same time, the electric floors quickly warm up, the room becomes warmer in 1-2 hours.

Flaws:

• Expensive.
• To connect an electric boiler at home need to do new project power supply, sometimes - replace the wires along the street.
• In many villages and multi-storey buildings electric wires not designed for heavy loads. Therefore, with a large number of connections, the power supply system fails.

Infrared film floor

Infrared floor - one of the electric heating options. It works from a wall outlet. Film flooring is produced in the form of laminated panels, inside of which heater strips are built. Carbon plates are soldered inside the strips, which emit an infrared spectrum when electricity passes through. Radiation from carbon elements heats objects indoors.

Photo 2. The process of installing an infrared floor. Laminate, parquet or linoleum is laid on top of it.

Advantages of film flooring:

• Convenience and ease of installation.
• No floor level rise, as when installing water or electric heated floors inside concrete screed.
• Fast heating.
• If necessary The heating system can be dismantled and install it in another room.

Gas, air, water and even electric heating have long become the norm. However, there are innovative methods that few in Russia have heard of. This heat pumps and solar collectors.

Heat pump and geothermal installations - the best in terms of environmental friendliness

Heat pumps are one of the most eco-friendly species heating systems. They are used to heat houses use the energy of natural reservoirs, lowering their temperature by several degrees and at the same time taking away some heat. This is how heat pumps accumulate thermal energy, which is then spent on heating the house.

Heat pumps are divided into:

• To geothermal— work on the energy of groundwater or take heat from the ground.
• By air- take heat from the atmosphere.
• For secondary heat pumps- treat sewage.

The main advantage of heat pumps is their environmental friendliness. They do not create smoke, soot, or emit carbon monoxide, do not harm nature and humans. Their disadvantage is high price.

Solar collectors - a modern heating option

Another type of heating that could be considered environmentally friendly if it were not for the batteries used with lead and electrolyte. Here is the energy to heat the house obtained through solar panels. These elements are installed on the roofs of buildings. When illuminated, they generate electrical energy, which is fed into the heating system. In essence, the solar collector is one of the types of electric heating at home.

One of the main advantages solar heating heating a house was considered cost-free. However, this is not entirely true. During operation, there is no need to spend money on gas, firewood, or electricity. But the system itself and its installation require significant financial investments.

Photo 3. Solar collectors installed on the roof of the house. The devices should be at an angle to best catch the sun's rays.

In addition, solar collectors and heating system elements are not eternal. They require periodic replacement and costs comparable to paying for electric heating at home.

Combined heating: advantages and disadvantages, is it effective?

Under combined heating understand use of several heating boilers and various types energy resources in one circuit. Thus, the water in water heating radiators can be heated by a gas, coal or electric boiler.

The home's electrical heating circuit can be connected to common system and refuel additionally solar collectors. This combination of different heat sources allows you to make autonomous heating of a private home uninterrupted

What types of heating systems are better?

To choose the right heating for a private residential building, various factors must be taken into account: the cost of its arrangement, the reliability of operation of a particular heating system.

The best choice- combined system, capable of heating a house from several different heat sources.

Selecting a heating system determined by the availability of energy resources. Any system can be installed in a private home. In multi-storey buildings they are often used central system heating, and if necessary, install additional electrical appliances.

The main heat costs for household needs in buildings are heating costs. This is explained by the operating conditions of buildings during the cold period, when heat loss through the building envelope significantly exceeds internal heat release.

Heating- artificial heating of building premises with compensation of heat loss and maintaining a given temperature regime in them.

Heating system(hereinafter referred to as CO) is a collection structural elements, designed to receive, transfer and transmit the required amount of heat into rooms in order to maintain a given value of internal air temperature in them.

The main elements of CO are:

1. heat source (boiler or thermal station);
2. heat transmitter (main pipelines or heating networks);
3. heat consumer (building CO).

Depending on the relative position source and consumer of heat CO are divided into:

• local (the heat source is located directly in the heated room, or in close proximity to it; the distance from the heat source to the distant heating device is no more than a few tens of meters);
• central (the heat source is located outside the heated premises, and heat is transferred from the source to the consumer using heat pipes of heating networks).

Depending on the type of coolant, the following types of heating systems are distinguished:

1. water,
2. air,
3. steam,
4. gas.

Disadvantages of gas heating:

The use of high-temperature fuel combustion products as a coolant is limited heating stoves, gas heaters and other local heating installations, due to deterioration air environment when gases enter the room directly. Removing combustion products outside through channels complicates the system and reduces its efficiency.

When using steam as a coolant, it becomes possible to quickly heat up rooms, because steam is a highly mobile medium with a relatively low density.

Disadvantages of steam heating:

• steam as a coolant does not meet sanitary and hygienic requirements (at a constantly high temperature - 100 o C or more - decomposition of settling organic dust occurs on the surface of heating pipes and heating devices;
• high-quality control of steam temperature is impossible;
• has increased noise (especially when resuming work after breaks).

Due to these shortcomings, the steam heating system is not allowed for use in residential, public and administrative buildings, as well as in production premises with increased requirements for air purity. Steam heating may only be used with an appropriate feasibility study (for example, if there is an excess of steam used in technological process production).

Thus, when building a country house, it is advisable to consider water or air heating.

Water is a practically incompressible medium with significant density and heat capacity. The use of water as a coolant in the heating system provides:

1. uniform air temperature;
2. opportunity quality regulation when limiting the surface temperature of heating devices;
3. significant service life;
4. silent operation;
5. ease of maintenance and repair.

Air is also a highly mobile medium with a relatively low heat capacity, density and viscosity. By using air, you can ensure rapid change and uniformity of air temperature in rooms, combine heating with air, and also avoid the installation of heating devices.

Based on the method of creating coolant circulation in water and air heating systems, the following systems are distinguished:

• with natural circulation (gravity);
• with forced circulation ().

Requirements for heating systems:

1. Sanitary and hygienic - to ensure in the room the specified value of the internal air temperature, the temperature on the internal surfaces of fences, the temperature on the surfaces of heating devices.
2. Economic – ensure low capital investments with minimum consumption metal, as well as economical consumption of thermal energy during operation.
3. Architectural and construction – compliance with the interior of the premises, compactness.
4. Production and installation – mechanization of the production of components and parts, their unification, reduction of costs during installation.
5. Operational – operational efficiency throughout the entire period of operation, reliability.

A private house has always been the dream of every citizen of our country. All the advantages of this type of housing over apartment buildings can be listed for a very long time. The owner of a private house has where great opportunities to optimize housing maintenance costs due to its autonomy.

Using modern energy-saving technologies, building materials and complex heating systems, it is theoretically possible to reduce such costs to a very insignificant amount.

The modern market offers consumers many types of heating systems for private homes, from traditional to advanced technology products. They are becoming increasingly popular.

You can use any one type of heating system that is most suitable for a private home. Factors to consider include: climate zone in which the house is located, the composition of materials used in the construction of the building, economic feasibility and many other reasons.

Very effective way Heating a home can be a combination of using several types of heating systems.

The most widespread water heating.

Advantages

1. You can use one or more heat sources. According to physical parameters, water transfers thermal energy well. Heating devices, such as radiators, give off this heat, heating the air in the room.
2. Versatility in fuel use. There are many ways to heat water. You can heat the premises with wood or coal, purchase a boiler for liquid fuel, let down natural gas. Finally, it is possible to heat water using boilers that run on electricity.
3. Availability of materials and wide choose products. Easily selects the most suitable option heating appliances (cast iron radiators, modern bimetallic radiators, convectors and other devices). Big choice pipes from various materials(iron, copper, polypropylene, metal-plastic, etc.) will allow you to create a heating system that suits any budget.

Water heating can be connected either from centralized networks or performed autonomously. According to the design of the water heating system, there are:

a) Single-pipe. Radiators are connected in series.

b) Two-pipe. In this case, the radiators are powered in parallel between the supply and return lines.

c) Collector or otherwise. All heating devices are powered from a common distributor called a manifold.

Flaws

The disadvantages of water heating are also well known. This is a high susceptibility to corrosion and oxidation processes, uneven heating of radiators in some cases, and fairly large losses during heat transportation. In emergency situations, a coolant leak may occur.

Also, such a system requires compliance with the temperature regime. At sub-zero temperatures, it is necessary to completely drain the coolant from the networks to prevent them from freezing.

Air heating

This type of heating system for a private home deserves attention due to its versatility. The air heated in heat exchangers can be supplied either to a separate room or throughout the building.

At air heating the house warms up very quickly and becomes suitable for comfortable living. Before the advent and introduction of water heating, heating with hot air supplied through air ducts was widely used in our country. It has proven to be most effective when used in buildings with large living areas.

Advantages of using air heating:

1. Cost-effective and efficient heat delivery. There is no intermediate carrier (remember, its role in water heating is played by water or another liquid), no need additional devices heating
2. Lightweight and quick start to work. Such heating cannot leak, flood an expensive interior, or freeze.
3. High efficiency and durability. With proper maintenance emergency situations kept to a minimum. Air heating equipment serves without fail for decades.
4. High level integration with ventilation systems, which has a positive effect on reducing the cost of work and materials, as well as the simplicity and environmental benefits of installation.

Electricity

It is worth mentioning separately electrical form heating. The word “electricity” itself has firmly entered our everyday life. The world's electricity use is approaching one hundred percent.

Therefore, as an option, you can use heating systems that run entirely on electricity. In some cases, it may be advisable to install, for example, electric floor heating, heated towel rails in bathrooms, and small radiators.

However, electricity is constantly rising in price, and this factor must be taken into account when installing electric heating devices rationally. It is also especially important to observe electrical safety measures and install such equipment with the help of qualified specialists.

Alternative heating options

With the constant increase in energy prices, they are steadily advancing alternativetypes of heating systems for a private home. Of course, they cannot fully replace traditional ways heating a private home, but can significantly reduce costs.

In regions where the number of sunny days is quite large, it is increasingly possible to see them installed on the roofs of country and private houses. solar panels. Sunlight is an inexhaustible source of energy, and allows you to use converted electricity for many years.

Electricity, in turn, is used to power heating elements heating. The only drawback of this type of energy production is the high cost of the elements, but over time the costs pay off.

Solar energy can also be “canned” and used using solar collector. The principle of its operation is based on heating a radiator exposed to the sun, connected to a large capacity container. The sun's rays heat the water in the radiator, which in turn releases heat into the container.

This method allows you to heat water for use as a coolant in heating systems. The greatest effect is achieved when using vacuum collectors. Inside such radiators there are flasks with evacuated air, thus achieving a “thermos” effect.

Wind generators

It is clear that it will not be possible to directly use the power of the wind to heat a house. But by installing a “windmill” you can get free electricity, which is subsequently used for various needs, including powering heating systems. In regions where winds are particularly frequent, this method of generating energy will be the most effective. Again, as in the cases with solar panels it all depends on the cost of batteries, converters and electric generators.

Heat pump

This is a type of heating system that will help to significantly reduce the cost of heating a private home. The principle of its operation resembles the device refrigeration chambers or air conditioners. Such a device can pump out thermal energy from potential heat sources that are not very hot. They can be soil or water.

Such a system requires electrical energy, but at the output it can produce heat many times more than the resources expended on its operation. A significant disadvantage of a heat pump is its bulkiness and difficulty in installation.

In conclusion of this review, it is worth noting the following. The greatest efficiency in heating your own home is shown by the method in which the result is achieved with minimum costs, compared to other methods.

Therefore, it is impossible to speak with confidence about the advantages of one method of heating a home over another. In places where natural gas is widely used, it is foolish to install solid fuel boilers as the main source of heating.

First of all, in the choice the best way When heating your home, you need to consider the feasibility. To summarize, we can draw the following conclusion: in the vast majority of cases, only two energy sources are conventionally used to operate heating devices:

a) Energy obtained by combustion of various fuels, which further heats the coolant;

b) Electrical energy with which they are heated thermal installations, air and/or heating devices.

But the methods and techniques for obtaining results can number in the dozens. Therefore, most often, savings can be achieved by combining various ways obtaining energy using various types heating. All nuances and costs require careful calculations. After all, the owner will maintain his home at his own expense.