Dormer window- it's glazed window frame on the roof, designed for lighting and ventilation of attic or attic spaces, as well as for direct access to the roof. This guy architectural element has many names: “birdhouse”, “gnome house” and the historical “lukarna”. As a rule, the dormer window is located parallel to the facade wall or is its continuation. There are a thousand ways to make a dormer window on the roof and decorate it in an original way, giving the building its own unique look.

What is a dormer window for?

Initially, the dormer openings on the roof were designed to equalize the air pressure between the external atmospheric and internal under-roof air pressure. From the point of view of the laws of physics overpressure It is more likely to break fragile glass than to lift and deform a heavy roof.

In addition to its practical function, lucarne often has decorative value. Decorated with carved platbands, stucco frames and other decorative elements, it serves as decoration for both the exterior of the house and the interior of the attic.

What types of dormer windows are there?

The variety of types of roofing superstructures is determined by the given shape of the window opening and the architecture of the roof.

Dormer windows differ in the shape of the window frame:

rectangular,
triangular,
arched (semicircular).

According to the design of the slopes:

single-pitched,
gable,
hip.

According to the method of placement in the roof structure:

Dormer - designed as a protrusion in the roof slope, requires increased waterproofing. Most common in construction practice.
Antidormer is built into the roof structure, so it does not require additional waterproofing, which is why it is simpler to implement. However, it takes away inner space in the attic and, apparently for this reason, is rare.
A slanted window is the same as a dormer window.
In a gable wall - a dormer window is installed in the end wall. The frame is often shaped like a triangle, trapezoid or arch.
Skylight - a window or glass structure on a horizontal or flat roof with a minimum permissible slope (5-15 0).

Also, attic “birdhouses” are made with or without side walls. They are located by the pediment in the same plane with the facade wall or outside its plane, a little higher and further on the roof slope.

What is the difference between a dormer window and a dormer window?

A variant of a glazed opening on the roof is a dormer window. Only it is not installed vertically, but at an angle, and lies in the same plane with the roof slope. Due to its structural location, such a window must withstand the same loads as the material covering the roof: rain, hail, the weight of snow cover. A significant advantage of dormer windows is that they allow more light into the roof space than vertical window openings closed at the top and sides with a “birdhouse” box.

If it is possible to make the opening of the attic window large enough, then you can turn it into balcony door and organize an attic balcony, as in the photo below.

Since roof windows should not allow external moisture to pass through, it is unlikely that you will be able to make a waterproof casing for them yourself. It is recommended to purchase ready-made plastic and wooden double glazed windows from the official manufacturer. Such window units are manufactured in compliance with production technology and, as part of the roofing decking, meet all necessary requirements.

Dormer window in the form of a skylight

Historically, a lantern in architecture is a beam architectural form, crowning the dome of the building and serving as a source of overhead lighting and ventilation. Lanterns decorated with decorative details were installed on temples and cathedrals. Nowadays, the lantern is the glass part of a horizontal roof. It is made in the form of a flat window, a dome, a pyramid or in the form of a greenhouse. They visually increase the height of the attic space and let more sunlight in.

Roof window: practical and aesthetically pleasing

Because of these examples, you may get the impression that dormer windows are needed only in residential premises, and they are not appropriate in uninhabited attics used as storage for all sorts of belongings. This is not entirely true, since roof outlets are needed for ventilation. attic space and to provide technical access to the roof. Roof shapes and options for roof superstructures can be very diverse. Lucarnes are placed both on roof slopes and gables - the end walls of a gable roof. Executed with creative approach, they will become a decorative decoration for your entire home.

Standards

When sitting down to think about the design and starting to draw up a drawing of the future dormer window, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with the requirements sanitary standards and rules, better known as SNiPs.

If the project involves the arrangement of several auditory openings in a row, the distance between their outer edges must be at least 80 cm. Compliance with this requirement will allow you to freely arrange preventive inspections of the roof, clean it from snow or leaves, and replace it roofing material. On some roofs you can see dormer openings in two rows, one above the other. In this case, it is recommended to comply with the same standards: the step from the bottom edge to the floor and between the openings themselves is from 0.8 m.

Getting Started

As mentioned above and as can be seen from the drawings below, the most popular design of a dormer window on the roof is the dormer. Therefore, in most sources, the description of the construction of an attic window involves the construction of exactly this type of dormer opening.

Installation of the roofing “house” is carried out only on already installed load-bearing rafter “legs”. In its design, the dormer opening resembles the structure of a roof, only in miniature. It has its own rafter system, sheathing, and, with a gable roof, a ridge.

As for the inclined roof window, inscribed into the surface of the roof, its construction does not require the construction of a separate frame. However, additional requirements are imposed on the quality of the window unit. Since one of the purposes of the dormer opening is to illuminate the attic, the owner should take this into account and plan a dormer on the south side of the roof. At worst - in the east or west, but most importantly - not in the north.

Manufacturing process

At the site where the dormer window is installed, the load-bearing beams are cut out and removed. It is better if the load-bearing rafters are also the edges of the opening being constructed.

Ideally, the width of the dormer window is equal to the distance between the inclined rafters.

Since it is better to install dormers without disturbing the rafter system, several roofing superstructures are often built in the spaces between the beams. Then reinforced vertical posts, a window frame and a top covering of rafters are installed. As a rule, the frame of a “birdhouse” is made of beams, although, if the foundation and load-bearing walls of the house allow, the pediment and side walls of the “gnome house” are laid out with bricks.

Vertical racks are installed on the lower horizontal frontal board. Their tops are connected by another horizontal beam - a lintel above the window. The vertical posts are connected at the top by a purlin, and inclined rafters are mounted on the purlin - the basis of a mini-roof over the auditory opening. At the top point where the rafters meet, a ridge beam is laid.

The outside of the structure is sheathed with boards, plywood, and other facade and roofing materials. Since the auditory opening is part of the roofing system, it must have reliable moisture and thermal insulation. Therefore, special attention is paid to sealing joints and using suitable insulating material: bitumen, insulation, silicone and acrylic sealants, vapor-proof film. All parts are fastened metal corners and planks using self-tapping screws or construction nails.

After installing all the elements and completing the exterior finishing, proceed to interior design attic or attic exit. Here the owner has unlimited freedom for creativity. Wooden parts are coated with protective primers or paints; areas below and above the dormer window are painted to match the common interior roof space. Curtains or blinds are used as curtains from excess sun. If the attic is heated, then under the window, as is customary in standard city apartments, you can hang a radiator.

Conclusion

So, the dormer window has a functional and decorative value. On the one hand, it serves to ventilate and illuminate the attic space and provides access to the roof. On the other hand, it brings variety to the architecture and gives the building a unique appearance. A homeowner planning to install a dormer window on his roof is faced with a choice: hire an experienced construction team or assemble the structure with your own hands according to your own drawings.

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How to make a dormer window on the roof: an overview of options and 2 step-by-step technologies

A beautiful dormer window on the roof is not only an effective element of roof design, but also a rather useful structure, because the more such windows in the attic, the better the natural light will be. Next, you will find out what types of similar structures are divided into, and how they differ from each other. And I’ll tell the DIYers about assembling the 2 most simple options with your own hands.

What types of dormer windows are there?

Whatever you say, a roof with windows always attracts attention. Initially, a dormer or observation window served exclusively for ventilation in the attic and as a convenient access to the roof. But over the course of a couple of hundred years, its functional content has expanded significantly.

Types of viewing windows

There are 4 types of roof window openings:

Window opening on the pediment between the roof slopes;
Dormer;
Antidormer;
An attic window built into the roof plane.

Let's look at them in more detail:

Pediment windows mainly typical for gable roofs and broken attic structures. This is the simplest type of viewing windows. The gables, in fact, are a continuation of the end parts of the external walls, and the arrangement here is no different from installing a regular window;

Dormer- these are windows extended beyond the roof, a kind of superstructure on the roof. This type viewing structures are considered the most common. This is caused by the fact that the add-on does not pick up usable area attic, moreover, it, albeit slightly, adds this area;

Antidormer unlike dormer, on the contrary, they are recessed into the roof structure. Their installation is a little easier, but big problem is the arrangement of enhanced waterproofing, because rain almost unhinderedly pours into this depression. It makes sense to install an antidormer in the lower slopes of broken attic roofs;

Arrangement of flat roof windows considered the latest in fashion. The principle is simple - a finished window structure is cut into the plane of the roof slope. The boom in such windows is also due to the fact that they can be embedded into a finished roof without serious disassembly of the roofing pie.

There is also such a thing as lucarnes. In lucarnes, a vertically located window and the wall of the lower floor are in the same plane, the bottom of the structure actually rests on the wall.

Types of designs

Now let's talk about types of structures. If you look at architectural delights and popular names, then there are several dozen types of structures. There is no point in trying to tell about everyone, because each master claims to be unique. Therefore, I took the most common directions.

Illustrations	Recommendations
	Single-pitch. One of the simplest options, where the roof of the structure is actually a continuation of the roof of the main slope, except that the angle changes slightly.
	Gable design . Here we see a standard gable roof in miniature, and the structure of the rafter system in the large and small versions is absolutely the same.
	Triangular window. This window is also a type of gable roof. The design differs from the previous version only in the absence of side walls; everything else is mounted in a similar way.
	Hip roof. Typically used in vintage styles. Installation is more difficult than a classic gable, but it looks elegant.
	Arched dormer. The construction of spherical arched roofs has always been a troublesome task, so I do not recommend you to equip them with your own hands, without the appropriate skill.
	Bat. New trend in modern architecture. Soft and flowing shapes look great on roofs with relatively small angle tilt, but installation of this type of structure also requires professionalism.
	Clerestory. The skylight looks very impressive, but such structures are very rare in private homes.

Self-assembly options

It is advisable to plan and arrange dormer windows at the stage of assembling the roof truss system.

If the roof is completely assembled, but you are determined to make a window in it, my advice to you is to call a professional.

A few words about standards

When constructing such structures, according to the law, one must be guided by GOST 1250681, as well as SNiP II-26 and SNiP 21-01, but these standards are relevant for the construction of administrative buildings. As for private houses, almost all the instructions written in the documents are more advisory in nature:

In particular, it is not recommended to install a dormer window in the roof plane closer than 1 m from the gable wall;
If the roof slope angle is less than 35º, then it is better to limit yourself to a window on the pediment;
In cases where several windows are installed in a row on one slope, the distance between them must be at least 800 mm;
The lower cut of the window frame should be at a distance of 1 m from the attic floor.

Normal natural light is ensured if the window area is 14–16% of the floor area in the attic. But according to regulations, the area of windows should not exceed half the floor area in the attic.

Option No. 1: the simplest single-pitch design

Illustrations	Recommendations
	Framing the structure. The first to install a rectangular frame in the rafter system of the slope: Rafter legs that get in the way are simply cut to the width of the opening; Then horizontal bars are placed on top and bottom. For these purposes, it is best to use the timber from which the rafter legs are made.
	Support racks. The extreme vertical posts are made of 2 bars. One bar is nailed to the side of the rafter leg, and the other is placed on the rafter leg, plus the bars are fastened together. TO vertical posts horizontal roof rafters are nailed. The angle of inclination of the rafters should be from 5º.
	We knock down the frame. The rest of the frame is knocked together, as shown in the diagram on the left, from the same bars. It is not worth installing intermediate posts and upper rafters too often; a step of 50 cm will be enough. Don’t forget, you still need to lay insulation between these bars, and each block is a cold bridge.
	Roof frame. Since our roof is flat, roof frame It is made reinforced, from 2 rows of cross bars. The lower support frame under the window can be mounted as desired; I recommend raising the window above the roof by at least 100 mm, this way you will protect it from snow and water.
	Sheathing the frame. For external cladding OSB or waterproof plywood with a thickness of 10 mm or more is used. To insulate the main roof, dense slabs of mineral wool are usually used. In the frame of the viewing window, the vapor permeability of the insulation is not so important, so foam plastic or EPS can be used here. The roofing material used is the same as on the main roof, and the side walls can be sheathed with galvanized iron and painted in the color of the roof.

Option number 2: triangle

The triangular structure is installed at the stage of arrangement of the main rafter system. Although our final shape is triangular, the exit opening is made in the same way as in the previous version, rectangular.

Next, a vertical face truss is installed, with the edges of the triangle extending beyond the main opening. Vertex roof truss should be flush with the horizontal beam of the opening.

Simultaneously with the installation of the front triangular truss, the ridge beam is installed. It connects the floor beam of the opening with the vertex of the triangle and is located strictly horizontally. In this case, 100x50 mm timber is sufficient.

After this, a triangle is arranged on the roof plane. You need to connect the ridge beam attachment point in the opening to the edges of the face truss. The rafter legs of the window frame will rest on these bars.

After covering the front truss with OSB sheets or waterproof plywood, a small frame is stuffed on the sides for the “overhang” of the roof. On last stage everything is covered with sheets and you can begin installing the roofing, insulation and finishing.

Conclusion

The assembly options that I talked about can be improved and changed as desired, for example, when you combine the first and second options, you will get a full-fledged dormer with a gable roof. If you have any questions, write in the comments, I will try to help.

When arranging an attic or attic, installing dormer windows has become popular. And it’s not just about the design of the roof, which looks more elegant and transforms the appearance of the house. The functionality of such a structure is additional ventilation room, its natural lighting and expansion of space.

No matter the size of the house, no one will refuse extra useful meters. Most roofing structures are designed in such a way that the rafter system significantly reduces the area, which affects comfort. Dormers on the roof make up for these shortcomings. The modernized room is bright and easy to use.

Types of dormer window designs

In a gable wall, the windows are located on the end side of the roof. They are built-in window frames with ventilation and lighting functions. The usable area is not increased. No holes are made in the roof covering.

Dormer is a frame structure protruding above the roof. By increasing the space, not only the roof configuration changes, but also the appearance of the house. For practicality, several windows are installed at once, which can be located on one or both sides of the roof slopes.

Antidormer reminds design features dormer, but the frame goes deeper into the plane of the roof, which reduces the usable area of the attic. This type used on large areas, where hiding the space will not create discomfort during operation.

Read also: Self-leveling floor: pros and cons, preparing the base for self-leveling floor, preparing the solution, pouring technology

An inclined window, consisting only of a window frame, is mounted in the plane of the roof. Functionality comes down to lighting and ventilation of the attic.

Often used when arranging an attic space are dormer varieties, justified by their great functionality:

- ventilation;

— increase in space;

— lighting;

- improvement of the general appearance of the building.

The shape of the dormer window can follow different geometric figures:

- square;

- rectangle;

- triangle;

Popular frame configurations with arched opening, which significantly improve general form Houses.

Rules for installing dormer windows in the roof

Clearly regulated rules for installing windows in roofing surface No. Mainly adhere to general construction technologies and normal. Still, there are some nuances that you should pay attention to.

Installation of dormer windows is allowed only on roofs with a slope of 35 degrees or more.

The minimum parameters of the valves are 0.6 x 0.8 m.

It is unacceptable to place windows next to the ridge, gables, or cornices.

Window structures are built between the rafters. Only filing a small part is allowed load-bearing beams with subsequent redistribution of the load to adjacent rafters. It is forbidden to do a complete cut, as the rigidity of the roof may be damaged and it may be lost. bearing capacity.

Read also: Insulating the ceiling in a house with a cold roof: choosing insulation and installation method

Dormer windows should not protrude beyond the boundaries of the external wall of the house.

When installing several windows in a row, an interval of at least 0.8 m must be observed.

When determining the number of windows and their parameters, the rules of proportionality are taken into account: the indicator of the sum of the width of all openings must correspond to half the length of the attic space.

The design of the window system is built according to all the rules of roofing structures. Includes: rafters, sheathing, roofing, drainage system.

Stages of installation of a dormer window

Like any construction, installation of a window structure begins with the development of a project that takes into account important factors:

— choosing the type of window structure;

— determination of the number of windows and their parameters;

— calculation of the load-bearing capacity of the roof and the structure as a whole;

— mounting options and materials used.

Drawing up drawings will facilitate subsequent installation.

After completing the design and preparatory work, installation begins. The frame of the dormer window is assembled first, on which the sheathing is subsequently made in increments of 50-55 cm. Next, the ridge part is installed and the rafter system is mounted. If the installation is carried out during the construction of the roof, then the finished frame is fixed to the rafters of the main roof structure. When equipping an existing roof with windows, first a space for the auditory object is cut out in the roofing pie without damaging the load-bearing beams. Then the frame is installed and secured to the rafters.

Dormer windows on the roof not only provide access to daylight into the attic and attic rooms, but also add attractiveness to the appearance of the building. Exist various options their designs and design styles. We will talk about the most popular implementation schemes in this article.

Types of dormer windows

The requirements for window installation are quite high. The structure must have the necessary strength, provide a sufficient level of illumination and ventilation of the room under the roof, and organically fit into the architectural appearance of the structure, making it recognizable.

Dormer windows have been popular for many centuries. The fashion for their appearance has constantly changed, and today dormer and dormer windows can differ significantly in their design features and design.

In addition to window structures mounted directly into the roof plane, windows with vertical glazing are popular:

without side walls, with a pediment in the plane of the building;
with side walls and pediment in the plane of the building;
with side walls and pediment outside the plane of the building.

Small triangular, trapezoidal and arched openings with glazing throughout vertical plane. Among structures with side walls, roof dormer windows differ in the type of roof they have.:

single-pitched;
gable;
hip;
arched (with a semicircular or beam arch);
flat french.

The location and type of windows should be selected taking into account the style of the structure and the placement of ordinary windows. Otherwise, they will be perceived as an alien element on the roof.

Window design

The design and installation of a dormer window should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP (SNiP II-26, SNiP 21-01). Regardless of the design features and style of the chosen structure, it is necessary to comply with building rules and regulations. This allows us to ensure the necessary reliability and durability of this structure without weakening the operational parameters of the building’s roof.

The key requirements of SNiP for dormer windows include:

installation is permissible if the roof slope angle is 35 degrees or more;
superstructures must be located at a regulated distance from the external walls of the building;
sashes that open and are located on the dormer window must have minimum size 0.6×0.8 m, which means the permissible size of the roof window will be 1.2×0.8 m;
if it is planned to install a window with hip roof and a quadrangular opening, its façade cannot be a continuation of the wall of the building.

GOST provides for the use of various materials for cladding. This could be copper, sheet metal, tiles. According to their design features, skylights can differ in the absence or presence of a roof overhang, their own roof, or a gutter. Opening big size may have a balcony, which looks especially interesting and attractive. Lucarne windows are distinguished by the presence of side walls and a fully glazed facade.

Triangular dormer

If you plan to make a dormer window with your own hands, most often a triangular-shaped opening with steep roof slopes is installed. This common design is characterized by the fact that the gable wall of the opening is installed without recessing into the roof - it must be located in the same plane as the corresponding outer wall.

Triangular openings in the roof should be located in line with windows located lower in the walls of the building, so as not to disturb the architectural proportions of the structure.

The roof slopes of triangular openings are located at a large angle (60-70 degrees), so there is practically no increase in the usable area of the attic. The advantage of triangular windows is aesthetic appeal, the ability to original layout attic room.

If you plan to install a triangular dormer window with your own hands, you should take into account that its roof is adjacent to the roof of the building, going down to the place where the valley is formed. Thus, during the arrangement there is no need to waterproof the joints of the side walls and the roof, which greatly simplifies and speeds up the sealing and finishing of the opening and the main roofing of the building.

Structure frame

Before you start building the frame, you need to frame the roof of the house - build gables, mount the rafter system. It is necessary to provide openings between the rafters where windows are installed. The rafter system of a dormer window has its own characteristics: the rafter legs framing such openings must be made double or triple, since they will subsequently bear an increased load.

According to SNiP, the gables of openings located in the roof must be supported by side walls, which are installed perpendicular to the external wall deep into the building and have a height of 1.5 meters. The frames of the side walls rest on the ceiling beams.

The side wall frame is installed after assembling the roof truss system of the building. After that, you should tie the horizontal crossbars and racks of the gable frames of the openings.

Further work is carried out in several stages:

Since the pediments of a triangular window are located in the same plane with the walls of the building, the lower ends rafter legs adjacent to the walls should be cut flush with the wall sheathing.
Jumper beams are mounted between the double rafters of the opening frame. It is recommended to use metal overhead brackets. The use of notches and tie-ins that weaken the rafter beams is not allowed.
Openings must be checked for verticality of the gable frame, including when installing a ridge beam on it.
The rafters for the window opening are cut out according to a template and mounted to the ridge and the bottom of the frame.
The sheathing of the gable frames should be flush with the sheathing of the external wall. Construction waterproof plywood is usually used.

Valley device

The installation of a dormer window on the roof, which has a triangular shape, may be similar in appearance to the installation of a multi-gable roof. But there is a noticeable difference in installation technology. The slopes of a multi-gable roof most often have the same slope, while a triangular opening is equipped with a roof with slopes, the angle of which is 60-70 degrees. Thus, the connection of the roof slopes of the window with the roof slopes of the building is carried out with the formation of non-standard valleys (gutters).

To arrange the dormer window, slanted rafters are used, into which the spigots, shortened rafter legs, rest (at an angle of 60-70 degrees). To install this structure, it is necessary to calculate the length and cross-section of the valley rafter beam, angles at which the side walls and the ridge beam meet. Each triangular rafter opening requires a pair of mirror-symmetrical beams of this type.

Bottom of dormer window

When considering how to make a dormer window, you need to carefully consider the installation features of its lower part. It must be arranged in such a way that the inside soft roof was hidden in it through the side walls, and was not visible from the inside. For this purpose, a simplified method of installing the gutter is used.

The valley beam is installed on top of the roof sheathing of the house. The lower ends of the rafter legs rest against this beam gable roof window. At the final stage, the structure is sheathed with sheets of plywood, on top of which the roofing material is attached. Sheathing with plywood starts from the ridge of the dormer window, installation of the roofing is carried out in the direction from bottom to top.

If you plan to install window openings on your own, it is recommended that you first familiarize yourself with the installation features of these structures. It is recommended to entrust the calculation and arrangement of windows of original shapes, installation of complex roof connections to professionals.

Dormer windows on the roof: design, dimensions according to SNiP, rafter system

Types and arrangement of a dormer window on the roof. The design of the frame and rafter system when constructing a dormer window with your own hands. Recommended sizes according to SNiP and GOST

Features of the design and installation of dormer windows for roofs

Dormers on the roof are installed as a source natural light and ventilation in attics and attics. And thanks to all kinds constructive solutions they also perform an aesthetic function - the facade of the house acquires an attractive and finished appearance.

Functional purpose

Houses with a roof with a dormer window always stand out from the general development with their original, unique appearance.

Dormer windows make the building stand out from the background of ordinary houses

What is a dormer window for? Its main function is to provide ventilation and lighting of the under-roof space. When choosing the location of the source of natural light in the attic or attic, it is important to take into account the orientation of the future dormer window to the cardinal points. It should face south, then all the requirements for natural insolation of the room will be achieved.

The attic window can be replaced with a device ventilation grille. The absence of even a minor element in the roof structure ventilation duct will entail significant troubles:

Heat loss will inevitably occur into the attic space, where when the air cools, condensation forms, which, due to the lack of ventilation, will accumulate in a closed room.
Due to the lack of lighting, mildew and mold will spread very quickly in the attic.

The grille can be installed on the facade of the house from any material. These can be brick, wooden, block houses.

The attic grill serves as a replacement for the dormer window

Also, a dormer window on the roof can provide access to the roof for repair or installation work.

If we talk about the architectural appearance of the building, then a hip, hip or half-hip roof by its very design suggests the installation of dormer windows.

What are they?

There are different solutions. The window structure can be built into the roof plane or it can be vertical glazing.

The use of small triangular, arched and trapezoidal openings with a fully glazed vertical plane is common.

Dormer windows on the roof, the structures of which have side walls, vary depending on the type of roof:

flat;
quadrangular single-pitched;
quadrangular gable;
triangular;
semicircular;
panoramic trapezoidal;
light lanterns;
round.

Single-pitch

This is the simplest type, characterized by the presence of a flat roof, the slope of which is less than the slope of the roof.

At the lean-to window flat roof with a slight slope

It is characterized by the presence of sufficient space under the ceiling compared to the gable option. When installing it, attention should be paid to providing high-quality drainage for rainwater and other precipitation. The downside of a slight slope is the reduction in the number of options for roofing materials that can be used.

The traditional solution is a window located in the wall plane on a gable roof.

The gable window design significantly reduces the space under the roof

The design itself gable roof characterized by small headroom. The window can have a pointed or rounded shape. Complex design will require greater financial costs than a single-pitched one. The downside is that the space under the roof will actually decrease.

The external design of a hip window evokes an association with a measured and comfortable life. The angle of inclination of the structure and the roof repeat each other.
The arched design gives the appearance of the house the atmosphere of a mansion. In addition to the horizontal placement of dormer windows, vertical placement is possible.
A window called “skylight” will add visual lightness and airiness to the exterior of the building.

Panoramic windows on the roof provide high visibility and maximum natural light.
Fencing side surfaces trapezoidal windows are covered with roofing material.
A window called a “bat window” is better suited for window designs with a slight slope.
Dormer windows do not serve to decorate the facade. They perform the practical task of providing attic living space sufficient quantity natural light and fresh air. Installation of these windows will not require the construction of auxiliary structures. In terms of waterproofing qualities, modern window systems are reliable and durable.

Constructive decisions

There are several basic layouts for dormer windows:

In the gable wall. The upper part located between the roof slopes end wall, having the shape of a triangle, is called a forceps. The window is located in the plane of the facade. This does not require additional reinforcement.

The location of the window in the plane of the facade does not require additional reinforcement

Dormer. The structure is located on the roof. The main condition for installing such a window is the need to strengthen the load-bearing capacity of the roof and waterproofing works. The design of a dormer window on a roof of this type is characterized by the fact that the under-roof space does not lose any usable space, and sometimes even gains. You can organize a relaxation area on the windowsill by placing on it sofa cushions, and under it you can arrange a box for storing household items. There are many architectural solutions for this type of window that diversify the appearance of a house designed in any style.

The location of the window on the roof allows you to increase the usable area

Antidormer. This type of window, on the contrary, is “recessed” into the surface of the roof, so it does not require additional reinforcement, is cheaper to construct, but “eats up” the area of the room under the roof.

Antidormer reduces part of the under-roof space

Sloping or attic. The window is mounted directly into the roof plane. Manufacturers offer many options for shapes and control mechanisms for such products: they can be round, triangular, rectangular. Requirements for them are imposed on moisture resistance and resistance to external loads.

Roof window built into the roof

Clerestory. This is a structure glazed on all sides, allowing entry into the room. maximum number natural lighting. Typically found in roofing structures of public and industrial buildings. Can have any configuration.

Design and installation

Before starting design, you should familiarize yourself with the requirements of SNiP II-26 and SNiP 21-01. Why do this? Compliance with them guarantees that the constructed structure will meet the requirements of reliability and durability, while the roof parameters will not lose the reliability and quality of their technical parameters.

SNiP conditions regarding the construction of dormer windows:

The roof slope must have a slope of 35 degrees - in this case, installation is considered possible.
If it is necessary to erect a superstructure, it is important to take into account the distances recommended by the standards from the external building envelope.
The minimum size of the sashes that open and are located on the window is considered to be 0.6 by 0.8 meters, therefore, the permissible parameters of a roof window will be 1.2 by 0.8 meters.
It is impossible for the facade of a window with a hip roof and a quadrangular opening to continue the wall of the building.

GOST assumes the use of different facing materials: copper, sheet metal, roof tiles. Windows can be equipped with overhangs, their own roofing or gutters.

In some cases, it is possible to arrange a balcony on the roof

If the opening is of sufficient size and there is a building envelope, it is possible to construct a balcony.

Frame development

After determining the parameters of the opening, it is necessary to begin developing a drawing future design, which should be not only functional, but also aesthetically attractive.

The width of the auditory opening is taken so that it exceeds half the width of the attic room.

Frame installation

The installation of a dormer window should occur at the stage of installation of the load-bearing system of the main roof of the building.

Structurally, the dormer opening is a roof in miniature. Its roof is equipped with its own load-bearing structures, lathing and, if necessary, a ridge.

The window frame contains the same elements as the roof truss system

First of all, gables are made on the roof surface. Then the ridge beams and rafters are fastened, and openings are made in the designated places.

It is necessary to fence the openings using strong rafters, which will distribute the main load. The rafters can be double or triple.

The racks are placed on the beam located below, connected at the top using a block. As a result, the structure must be connected using beams to the upper beam.

The result will be a frame that does not yet have its own rafter system.

Scheme for manufacturing a dormer window frame

To ensure that the rafters do not lose their load-bearing capabilities, all elements must be fastened using metal fasteners.

After checking the frame in all directions, you can begin installing the ridge beam and the supporting roof structure.

Peculiarities

Moisture-resistant material is used to cover the side walls of the structure. The roof covering is laid at the stage of installation of all roofing material.

To avoid leaks, it is important to properly waterproof the joints using membranes, silicone sealants, clamping strips.

Dormer windows on the roof: what is needed, designs, finishing

Dormer windows on the roof: device, design, options, installation. We are considering triangular, round and lattice options.

Dormer window on the roof: types of structures, design rules, installation stages

When arranging an attic or attic, installing dormer windows has become popular. And it’s not just about the design of the roof, which looks more elegant and transforms the appearance of the house. The functionality of such a structure consists of additional ventilation of the room, natural lighting and expansion of space.

Types of dormer window designs

The design features of the anti-dormer are similar to those of a dormer, but the frame goes deeper into the plane of the roof, which reduces the usable area of the attic. This type is used in large areas where hiding the space will not create discomfort during operation.

An inclined window, consisting only of a window frame, is mounted in the plane of the roof. Functionality comes down to lighting and ventilation of the attic.

Often used when arranging an attic space are dormer varieties, justified by their great functionality:

Improving the overall appearance of the building.

The shape of the dormer window can repeat different geometric shapes:

Popular configurations include arched frames that greatly enhance the overall appearance of a home.

Rules for installing dormer windows in the roof

There are no clearly regulated rules for installing windows in the roof surface. They generally adhere to general construction technologies and standards. Still, there are some nuances that you should pay attention to.

Installation of dormer windows is allowed only on roofs with a slope of 35 degrees or more.

The minimum parameters of the valves are 0.6 x 0.8 m.

It is unacceptable to place windows next to the ridge, gables, or cornices.

Window structures are built between the rafters. It is only allowed to cut a small part of the load-bearing beams with subsequent redistribution of the load onto adjacent rafters. It is prohibited to do a complete cut, as the rigidity of the roof may be damaged and its load-bearing capacity may be lost.

Dormer windows should not protrude beyond the boundaries of the external wall of the house.

When installing several windows in a row, an interval of at least 0.8 m must be observed.

The design of the window system is built according to all the rules of roofing structures. Includes: rafters, sheathing, roofing, drainage system.

Stages of installation of a dormer window

Like any construction, installation of a window structure begins with the development of a project that takes into account important factors:

Choosing the type of window structure;

Determining the number of windows and their parameters;

Calculation of the load-bearing capacity of the roof and the structure as a whole;

Mounting options and materials used.

Drawing up drawings will facilitate subsequent installation.

The final stage consists of covering the gables with moisture-resistant plywood, securing waterproofing film and covering the window structure with roofing material. Special attention is given to the junctions, since it is through them that a leak can form.

The inside of the dormer window is sheathed finishing board or clapboard. It is not advisable to use plaster and other mixtures.

Cutting out a fragment of the roofing pie must be done carefully so as not to damage waterproofing layer main roof.

It is better to cover the walls of a dormer structure using steel siding. It will provide not only a presentable appearance, but also create strong protection from winds and precipitation.

Treat all joints and connections of dormer window parts with sealant.

For the construction of the frame, only materials with the parameters specified in project documentation. Saving on size can be fatal for a finished structure that cannot withstand gusty winds or snow drifts.

Position window openings it is possible in several rows, if the roof area allows.

When creating dormer windows, it is important to harmoniously fit them into the overall concept of the house. Identical roof slopes, repeating decorative elements, the same type of roofing changes the appearance of the building, giving it sophistication and presentability.

Dormer window on the roof: types of structures, design rules, installation stages

Dormer window on the roof: types of structures, design rules, installation stages When arranging an attic or attic, the installation of dormer windows has become popular. And it's not just about the design

Dormer window on the roof: design and what it is used for

Hip roofs differ from other types of roofs in one interesting structural element - a dormer window, which is used in almost any house construction with this type of roof. True, most of those who have seen dormer windows in the attic cannot tell exactly for what purposes they are needed, and only a few know whether roofs can be erected without the use of such structures. Civil engineers, experienced roofers and architects can justify why such a structure as a dormer window on the roof is needed, as well as how to correctly draw up a drawing of such windows. For future owners of private housing construction, it is important to know and understand why dormer roof windows are needed, especially since this knowledge is needed if you already have your own home.

Dormer window on the roof and its functionality

A dormer window is a special opening/hole located in the roof of a building. This window differs from the usual ordinary window opening in its smaller size and its functionality. The main purpose of a dormer window on the roof is to perform the following functions:

Example of a dormer window on a roof

Providing access to natural light into the attic space.
Ventilation and air circulation in the under-roof space.
Auxiliary access to the roof is directly from the attic.

In addition to the listed functions, such a dormer window serves as a decorative detail of the external decoration of the house, when it is equipped taking into account the individual characteristics and tastes of the owner.

Also, such a dormer window on the roof, design and drawing, which can be anything, brings the following advantages for individual housing construction:

No matter how high-quality the thermal insulation of interfloor ceilings is, heat loss in the attic space is inevitable. In other words, heated air masses always tend upward to the roof surface, where they collide with colder air. roofing covering- tiles, steel, slate. Condensation forms on the under-roof planes, and moisture destroys not only wood rafters;
in a damp and unlit room, the formation and development of fungi and mold is significantly accelerated, and their spores, over time, will penetrate into indoor spaces;
when there is no sunlight and normal circulation of air masses in the attic, the air becomes musty and even dangerous to human life: it is filled with black mold spores, which causes serious problems for human health;
dormer windows also perform a function in strong winds check valve. Such strong wind loads can break the roof or even simply tear it off its place, since the wind, blowing under its surface, forms rarefied currents that lift the edges of the roof. It is the dormer windows that are able to withstand such exposure to bad weather, and the winds will break them faster than completely tearing off the roof from the house;
in addition, even when the house is very large, with a massive heavy roof, and the risk that the wind will tear it from its place is minimal, dormers are still needed.

They act as a valve that prevents vibration that is not beneficial to house construction.

Types of dormer windows

Dormer windows are often also called dormer windows, because they are located in the details of the rafter structure that forms the roof of the house. Structurally, these window roof openings are typical - an opening/hole in the roof planes. However, roofer builders came up with different types these elements, on which the rafter structure of the roof of house construction directly depends:

Dormer window configurations

with side walls and roofing above the window dormer opening;
without walls and the formation of a roof on the dormer - this design is called a skylight;
directly in the façade plane and with the side walls.

Also, these window dormer openings differ from one another in their geometric shape:

In the shape of a semicircle/arch.
In the shape of a trapezoid.
In the shape of a triangle.
Rectangular in shape combined with an arched roof.

According to the type of roof above the dormer window opening:

With two sloped planes.
Hip.
With one sloped plane.

Important: the window roof opening can be installed directly in the roof of the building with an extension beyond or with glazing of the entire plane of the window roof opening.

Dormer window on the roof design, drawing, design features

As in independent design any other roofing structures, the design of dormer windows requires the implementation of SNiP, other building regulations and standards approved by various government bodies and taking into account all the technological features of the arrangement of some parts of private housing construction. Taking into account such standards, dormer windows will be reliable and wear-resistant, and will not reduce the overall performance characteristics buildings.

Dormer window drawing

Experts have the following basic requirements for the design of window roof openings of this type:

The roof slope must be more than 35 degrees.
The superstructure above the roof opening must be removed from external walls individual housing construction at a specified distance.
The sashes of the window roof opening must also be of a certain size:
- minimum – 60×80 centimeters;
- maximum – 120×80 centimeters.
Quadrangular opening with hip roof should not be a continuation of the wall of the under-roof (attic) space.

These requirements also include advice on choosing building materials for cladding, which are used for arranging roof dormers. The following are best suited for these purposes:

It is important to remember that during the preparation of the project, under any conditions, a drawing is made of each planned element of the structure being built. When it is difficult to draw such a project yourself, you need to turn to highly qualified specialists for help.

Design of dormer roof windows

The structural features of a window roof opening depend on its frame.

Main characteristics of the dormer window frame design:

the width of the window roof opening must be greater than 1/2 the width of the immediate attic room;
the frame of this element is installed simultaneously with the supporting structure of the roof, because it also has its own supporting system and sheathing (with gable-type openings and a ridge unit);
installation of reliable rafters, the total load of the structure is distributed on them;
parts of the window structure can be cut according to a template, which will greatly facilitate the installation process;
all components of the dormer roof window structure are secured with steel fasteners;
the side walls of such an opening in the under-roof space are sewn up with moisture-resistant building materials, and the same is done with the joints (this will help prevent the formation of leaks).

Membrane films.
Silicone sealants.
Pressure strips.

In an already constructed roof, you can also install dormer windows of almost any type. For these purposes, it is necessary to follow the following rules for its arrangement:

the roof window opening is located in the center of the roof slope/attic wall - between the load-bearing rafters;
after cutting the opening they are installed load-bearing rafters, and the window frame is mounted on them (fastened tightly with self-tapping screws);
The final stage is sealing the constructed dormer window.

In this case, sealing is performed with a sealant with an acrylic/silicone base or a waterproof film.

Important: in standard projects for dormer windows on the roof, the design (drawing) almost completely repeats the general shape of the roof, but in a very reduced form.

Dormer window on the roof: design, drawing, professional advice, video

Which roof dormer window design is best for a private home? How to correctly draw up a drawing of a dormer window on the roof - advice from experienced roofing specialists. Hide

The viewing window on the roof has several functions; it serves not only an aesthetic purpose, but also a practical one. For example, with its help, the interior space of the attic becomes illuminated and is able to be ventilated. You can install such a structure either by professionals or by yourself.

What needs to be provided?

It is better to include drawings of the roof dormer window into the house design at the development stage, before the roof begins to be erected, but this is not necessary. It is quite possible to remodel an ordinary attic floor by adding the necessary window designs after the roof has been erected, such installation will simply take more time and will be more expensive, since the installed roofing material will have to be dismantled.

Before choosing which design is suitable and installing it, you need to consider the following factors:

How the floor will be used will determine how bright the lighting will be needed.
High-quality floor ventilation.
Sometimes an emergency exit to the roof is made through the window. It is needed for its maintenance and repair.
When choosing a dormer window on the roof, it is better to make a design drawing in advance in order to assess how well the chosen system fits the architecture of a particular building.
The window shape can be any, so its choice depends on considerations of practicality and taste of the owner of the room.
The window model will largely depend on the type of roof.
To prevent moisture from entering the room, the window must be tilted, which should not be less than 50 degrees if the roof is flat, and 150 degrees for pitched options.
The windows can be of any shape, but a triangular skylight is the easiest to make. Such a window will not require large quantity materials or carrying out complex work on waterproofing the installation site, the disadvantages of this design include the insufficient ability to transmit light.
It is important to consider the direction of the world. If all the windows face south, the room will be too light and hot in summer, the north side will not allow required quantity light in winter. Windows can be arranged in any order.

Exterior view of a house with dormer windows

How to install a window?

The installation of a roof dormer window does not have to be commissioned construction companies. You can cope with it yourself if you strictly follow the instructions and do not violate the sequence of actions. The order of work should be as follows:

Draw a plan, decide where exactly the dormer windows will be located. The drawing will also need to indicate the dimensions of the structure.
For the window, you will need to equip an independent rafter system and make a frame.
You can use an existing roof truss system, but it will need to be strengthened with timber, since due to the weight of the window, additional load will be placed on it.
Beams are attached to the rafters; their location should be horizontal. One beam is located at the bottom, the other at the top of the window.
Not only the frame, but also the ridge of the structure will be attached to the top beam .
The structure must be securely fixed. For this, special staples, nails and corners are used.
It is necessary to form a ridge span: this is the future basis of the window.
The window frame that will be inserted must be attached not only to the profile, but also to the beams and crossbars.
After this, you can mount jumpers and load-bearing frame, create a sheathing.
The contact points between the frame and the frame must be well sealed.
Self-expanding tapes and sealants can be used to close seams.

Roof structure with dormer windows

How is installation carried out?

It is quite possible to install a dormer window on the roof with your own hands; for this you will need a simple set of tools in the form of:

Roulettes.
Tiskov.
Nails.
Hammer.
Protractor and triangle.
Hacksaws.
Chisels.
Wood saws
Films.
Bars, the size of which is 100*50 mm.

Installation of a dormer window on the roof is carried out in several stages; you need to act consistently and carefully. You will have to start by building a frame for the future window or dismantling the roofing material if the roof is already done. If there is no hole, carefully saw it through so as not to touch load-bearing elements roofs. The beam will be needed to create beam supports. They should be the same, you will need two in total for each window. It is not difficult to secure them; you can only use nails. The beams need to be placed between the two outer beams. You will need a vice, they will help to correctly position and secure the elements.

For corner risers you need to create a reinforced structure. For this, a piece of timber will again come in handy: you can use it to make a lower support. The support should be 20 cm longer than the length of the window. It is attached parallel to the sub-beam at the bottom of the structure; it is most convenient to nail it to the floor. The beam should protrude 10 cm on each side; you will need to cut two more pieces - they should be slightly longer than the distance between the roof and the floor. In the place where the transverse beam is located to strengthen the structure, you need to make a mark: the beam is cut along it.

After this, you can start making a corner stand. For it you need to measure two beams that will be slightly higher than the planned window. Each will need to be nailed at two points to the support and the reinforcing beam. Top part the structure will be mounted on a reinforcing beam. It needs to be pressed to the post as close as possible from the corner side and only then nailed securely; the bottom of the structure is attached in exactly the same way. It is more convenient to do the work first on one side, then on the other. Approximately 20-25 cm should be added to each side. The beam should be attached at one end to the support beam, and at the other to the corner structure. Check that it is positioned correctly. After this, the excess can be sawed off.

Dormer window frame

To install a triangular dormer window on the roof, the design of which is the simplest, it is still recommended to make a drawing in advance. A visual diagram will help you navigate faster and complete the work more accurately. After the first part is completed, you can proceed to installing the upper rod and mounting the ceiling part of the structure. To do this, you will need to measure a beam, the length of which is equal to the distance between the ends of the corner and outer posts. You need to install it on the cuts of the racks and secure them firmly with nails. Ceiling on the side there will be a beam that was used to level the side posts.

After all the work done, you will need to create a window sill. To do this, you need to find out the size of the gap between the racks, take two beams, the length of which is 2 cm greater than the length of the gap. For the window sill in corner posts It is necessary to make grooves, their depth should be 1 cm. A ready-made wooden window sill is inserted into the prepared, pre-cleaned place and nailed. For reliable fixation, you can use two small bars, which will also need to be nailed.

To install the roof of the structure, oblique beams are used, which are fastened close to each other with a small step. A sheet of plywood is nailed on top of them for installation of roofing material.

A triangular dormer window on the roof, the design of which is the simplest, can be easily made independently. This will require a minimum of materials and skills, however, due to the shape of the windows, they will let in less light than standard ones.