If the mirrors and walls in the bathroom constantly fog up, the air is musty, and mold appears in the corners every now and then, this means that natural ventilation is not doing its job. The solution to this problem is simple - you need to install an exhaust fan. The choice of modern exhaust devices is very wide - from the simplest to silent models with timers and sensors. To ensure maximum indoor efficient air exchange, you need to know what criteria you should use to choose fans and how to install them correctly.

The design of an exhaust fan is quite simple: a housing, a motor, an impeller with blades. There are models equipped with a non-return valve, which does not allow foreign odors from other apartments to enter the room, which is very important for high-rise buildings.

The air duct of the exhaust device is connected to the general ventilation system or ducted separately through the wall to the outside. According to the mounting method, all exhaust fans are divided into ceiling and wall, as well as built-in and overhead.

Ceiling ones are less in demand, although they are characterized by high performance and easy installation. This fan is capable of actively circulating a large volume of air, so it is perfect for spacious bathrooms. But most consumers still choose wall models, both built-in and overhead type. They are easy to install, convenient to use, easy to clean and replace. Thanks to its compact size and modern design cases, they look quite aesthetically pleasing, fitting perfectly into any interior.

Depending on the internal structure, fans are divided into:

• electric– simple models with built-in or external switch. That is, apartment residents need to independently turn on and off the device as needed. A very common option is when such a fan is connected to a general switch in the bathroom, and then the hood is turned on simultaneously with the lamps. True, in this case the moisture does not always have time to completely escape into the ventilation, but electricity consumption is reduced;
• automatic– exhaust devices equipped with special sensors. Models with humidity sensors turn on automatically as soon as the moisture level exceeds the norm, and turn off when the condensation has completely evaporated. Models with motion sensors turn on when a person appears and turn off when the room is empty. There are also automatic fans with timers that only run for a set amount of time.

Exhaust fans are also classified by design type. In the domestic sphere, the most popular are axial and channel devices, which are suitable for multi-storey and private houses.

In axial fans, air movement occurs along the axis of rotation of the blades, which explains the name. The design is very simple: a housing (usually cylindrical), an impeller with blades, and an electric motor. Many models have a manifold installed at the front, which improves aerodynamic properties. The structure of the blades reduces resistance to air flow, making the fan highly efficient. Depending on the type of installation, such devices can be wall-mounted or ceiling-mounted.

Most modern axial fans are characterized by low energy consumption and reduced level noise, unlike previous generation models. They can work for a long time without stopping, are easy to clean, and have an attractive design. For these devices to be effective, the length of the air duct should not exceed 4 m. The same applies to the area of ​​the bathroom - the smaller the room, the more effective the hood.

axial exhaust fan

Duct fans

For large bathrooms, duct or centrifugal fans are optimal. Their design is noticeably different from axial devices: inside a cylindrical body there is a drum with many narrow curved blades. With the help of the centrifugal force generated by the blades during rotation, air is drawn in and directed into the ventilation duct.

Such fans work effectively with air ducts over 4 meters in length and are installed both on the ceiling and on the wall (depending on the modification). The hood can be continuous, but usually the device is connected to a bathroom switch or to a hygrostat. This allows for more economical energy consumption and extends the service life of the fan. Many models are designed for hidden installation and are relatively quiet, so they are practically unnoticeable in the bathroom.

duct exhaust fan

Advantages and disadvantages

If you still doubt the advisability of installing such fans in the bathroom, it would be useful to familiarize yourself with the advantages of exhaust devices:

• condensation will stop accumulating on walls and other surfaces, and dampness will leave the room;
• installation will not require much effort and time, even a beginner can cope with it;
• modern fan models are very compact, so they are suitable even for the tiniest bathrooms;
• Thanks to the modern design and discreet design, exhaust fans will harmoniously fit into any interior style;
• most models are equipped with a protective mesh, which prevents insects and small objects from getting inside the case, which means you will have to clean the device less often;
• The front panel can be easily removed for fan maintenance – cleaning the blades and lubricating the motor.

As for the shortcomings, there are very few of them:

• fans cannot operate completely silently, and some consumers may find their humming annoying;
• electricity consumption increases, although only slightly;
• The device requires regular cleaning and lubrication to function properly.

Also, a lot depends on the correct installation: if the fan is positioned incorrectly, air circulation is disrupted, and there is nothing to say about high-quality hood.

Rules for choosing an exhaust fan

So, if the decision to buy a fan has been made, you need to choose the right model so as not to be disappointed later. You need to choose based on several parameters at once - performance, safety, noise level and, of course, the quality-price ratio.

Performance

This criterion is the main one, because the efficiency of air exchange depends on it. Here it is important to correctly select the power of the device relative to the area, since the same fan gives different results in a small and large bathroom. According to building codes, the air exchange rate for a bathroom is 6-8 units, that is, in an hour the entire volume of air in the room should change from 6 to 8 times. As a rule, if no more than three people use the bathroom, choose a multiplicity of 6, if more than three, choose a multiplicity of 8. The calculations are not difficult: you need to find the volume of the room and multiply it by the air exchange rate.

For example: there is a bathroom measuring 1.9 x 1.7 m and a height of 2.65 m, 3 people use it. We calculate the volume of the room - 1.9x1.7x2.65 = 8.56 m. Round to 9 and multiply by the multiple - 9x6 = 54 m3.

It turns out that for such a bathroom, the optimal choice would be a device with a productivity of 54 m3/hour. Of course, it is not always possible to find a model that best matches the design parameters, so you can choose a fan with a small performance margin.

Safety

For bathrooms and restrooms, fans are produced with additional protection electrical contacts from moisture, which must be indicated in the instructions and on the packaging. If you install a regular model and water gets into it, it can cause a short circuit and even a fire, so you should never take risks.

Nowadays you can find low-voltage exhaust units specifically designed for bathrooms and saunas. They have moisture and thermal protection, and can work effectively at 100% humidity and high temperatures. True, the cost of such fans is higher, and they cannot be connected to a regular electrical network, which entails additional costs, but the safety of the residents is worth it.

Noise level

The noise produced by the fan should not exceed 30 dB, otherwise it will be annoying to household members. If you plan to turn on the fan at night, choose a model with a noise level of up to 25 dB. The lower this indicator, the more comfortable you will be in the bathroom when the hood is on. This is especially true for those whose fan runs continuously.

As for the quality of fans, it is better to focus on well-known brands whose products have already been tested by time. For example, household fans have a lot of positive reviews trademark Soler & Palau (Spain), VENTS (Ukraine), Electrolux (Sweden).

These companies value their reputation, so their products are distinguished by high build quality and durability. The main thing is to buy fans in specialized stores, where they can present the appropriate certificate for the product and issue a warranty card. This way you will avoid the risk of purchasing a cheap fake rather than branded equipment.

Additional fan functions

Photo	Name of additional functions
	Timer
	Hydrostat, or bathroom fan with humidity sensor
	Motion Sensor
	Constant ventilation
	Clock on the front panel of the fan
	Check valve

How to install an exhaust fan yourself

Exhaust fans - photo

The process of installing the fan itself takes a minimum of time, but before that you need to prepare everything correctly, think over the connection method, and, if necessary, lay a cable for the power supply. All wiring should be located in grooves and hidden under the cladding to eliminate the slightest risk of contact with water. If the fan is a ceiling fan, and the ceiling itself is suspended, then there is no need for grooves: the wiring is attached directly to ceiling, fixing with special clamps. Of course, all wires must be corrugated.

To connect the fan, a three-wire cable is usually used. VVG cable– it allows you to supply zero, ground and phase to the device from the switch.

Moreover, the switch can be either one-key or two-key. The second option is preferable: you can turn the fan on and off regardless of the light.

If you do not have experience with electrical wiring, it is worth inviting a professional electrician to do this, because any mistake or negligence can lead to serious consequences. After the cable has been laid, you can begin installing the fan.

To work you will need:

• Bulgarian;
• drill with drills for tiles and concrete;
• pencil;
• connection terminals;
• regular and indicator screwdrivers.

Step 1. Unpack the fan, check its integrity and contents. Usually fasteners are included in the kit, but if they are missing, you should buy screws and plastic dowels in advance.

Step 2. Prepare vent. If it was covered with cladding, you need to attach the fan housing to the tile and carefully trace it with a pencil. After this, a cutout is made along the contour using a grinder. If the hole was open, you need to clean it from dust and construction waste, make sure that the fan fits well and does not catch on the edges.

Step 3. Remove the front panel and the inner fan cover from the device and set them aside. Now you need to mark the fasteners. To do this, insert the fan into the hole until it stops, align it, focusing on the seams of the tile or construction level, and points are marked with a pencil through the holes in the body.

If the fan has a rope switch, you need to remove it

Step 4. A drill with a Pobedit tip is inserted into the drill and carefully, at low speeds, drill through the tiles at the marked points. Then they change the drill and use the hammer drill mode to go deeper into the concrete. The finished holes are cleaned of dust and plastic dowels are inserted into them.

Step 5. Once again try the fan on the hole and determine where the cable will go. In this place, a semicircular groove is cut out with a grinder, corresponding in size to the cross-section of the wire. A hole for the wire is also drilled on the device body.

Step 6. The fan is brought to the wall, threaded electrical wire through the hole in the housing, then insert it into the groove and insert the fan. Fix it to the wall with self-tapping screws using a screwdriver or screwdriver.

Fan fixing screw

Advice. To avoid drilling into the wall, you can secure the fan using silicone sealant. The device weighs little and is partially supported by the wall, so this type of mounting is quite sufficient. The main thing is that the sealant is of high quality and waterproof.

Wiring sealing

Step 8 Close the fan with a cover, which is screwed in the center with one screw, and then turn on the power and check the operation of the device. Now all that remains is to insert the protective mesh and secure the front panel. Many craftsmen prefer to do without a mesh, since it quickly becomes dirty and stops allowing air to pass through. To avoid this, you have to regularly remove it and wash it with water.

Fixing the decorative cover with a bolt

At this point, the fan installation is considered complete. During use, you will have to periodically clean the ventilation grille and blades from accumulated dust. If after cleaning the hood works poorly, this indicates that the exhaust duct is clogged. In apartment buildings, you cannot fix this problem yourself and you need to call a specialist. But in a private home, it is much easier to clean the ventilation system, so many homeowners do it on their own.

Video - Exhaust fan for the bathroom

Video - Installing an exhaust fan

Today, a toilet hood with a fan is considered a necessity, and not a whim of residents. With its help they are removed unpleasant odors, and also maintains freshness in the room. But in order for the system to work effectively, first of all you need to correctly select the required power, and also install it taking into account all the requirements.

Features of choice

When choosing a device, you need to pay attention Special attention both safety during operation and operational efficiency. Both parameters are key.

If the installation is carried out on your own, then you need to thoroughly learn the design features of the fan for the toilet and bathroom. This will allow you to select perfect option under specific room and needs.

It is important to exclude advice from hardware store salespeople for several reasons. This is due to their narrow knowledge in the field of installation and installation of ventilation, which is limited to the store’s assortment. In addition, they often want to sell stale goods on the shelves, so they do not intend to give good advice.

Installation of an exhaust fan. How to do it.

In this regard, you need to choose a fan yourself. To make the right choice, you first need to know what types of such devices there are. There are 2 main types:

Installation methods

It is important to remember that the installation of a fan in the bathroom must be carried out during repair work, otherwise the finish will be damaged. In addition, you need to decide Which option will be more convenient for installation - duct or overhead.

Both the first and the second have their pros and cons:

A common problem is the spread of unpleasant odors from the lower floors of the house. To prevent this situation, it is recommended to use a hood with a toilet valve. It works according to simple principle. If the fan is not turned on, it is closed by a thin flap (valve). When the blades begin to spin, the air flow bends the damper and draws air out of the room. When you stop again, the valve closes again and prevents excess odors from entering the room.

Specifications

When the type of design has been chosen, you can go shopping to a specialized equipment store. It is important to choose a high-quality and reliable model.

One of the necessary technical characteristics when choosing is the diameter of the device. These details must be known prior to purchase. If the model is slightly smaller required width cavities, then there is nothing wrong here. But if, on the contrary, there is more, then you will have to do additional work to prepare the site for installation.

Performance should be enough for full-fledged work ventilation system. To be more specific, then in 1 hour the device should pump up to 8-9 volumes of the room. Due to the fact that the square footage of a bathroom is usually small, there is no point in buying fans with too much power.

Manufacturing material - plastic. Household fans for bathrooms and toilets are made from polymers. This is due to the low cost of production. But do not think that equipment made of plastic will not have sufficient strength. Modern production is at a fairly high level technically. The only thing worth paying attention to is quality. Good products will not have uneven seams, surfaces, flaws, etc.

The operating volume also needs to be taken into account. It should be no more than 35 dB. Although today it is very rare to find such models. Typically, most products good producers They make virtually no noise.

You can choose from two fan mounts possible options- on bearings or bushings. The option with bearings is better, since the device will work much longer.

The bathroom is characterized by high humidity. Steam condenses on the ceiling and walls, leading to the formation of fungus and mold. To prevent these processes, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to the issues of arranging ventilation and selecting an exhaust fan. Do you agree?

We will tell you which bathroom hood will be the best solution for you. The article we have proposed describes the varieties in detail and provides guidelines for choosing the best option. Independent home craftsmen will find here step by step guide and practical advice on installation.

Modern hoods intended for installation in the bathroom are divided into 2 types: simple and automatic. They differ from each other in design, availability of additional options and cost. The hood must supply from 25 m 3 / h fresh air for a separate room, from 50 m 3 in the case of a combined bathroom.

The simple equipment is an electric fan, which is located in a tubular plastic housing. It can be of two types - built-in or free-standing.

Automatic exhaust devices are easier to operate and require minimal participation of the premises owner in the air exchange control process

A popular way to turn on the device is by pressing the switch that provides lighting in the bathroom. This option makes it possible to remove contaminated air from the bathroom when a person is in it.

Automatic equipment is equipped with electronics that effectively control the operation of the device.

In a short period of time, moisture does not have time to completely evaporate from the room, so it is better to install a separate switch

Hoods are equipped with additional functions:

• shutdown timer;
• humidity sensors;
• colored backlight.

The fan turns on when the permissible humidity value is exceeded. As soon as this parameter returns to normal, the device turns off.

Automatic models are convenient and easy-to-use devices that do not require the intervention of the apartment owner to control the operation of the ventilation system

Automatic products can be equipped with other functions. In private houses, the ventilation system communicates directly with the street, so their owners will not be harmed by a fan on the supply pipe with an adjustable diffuser.

The part that prevents air from moving in the opposite direction. This option is useful for residents of apartments in high-rise buildings to protect themselves from the odors of the neighbor’s bathroom.

Despite the simplicity of the design of the bathroom exhaust system, it functions perfectly and copes with its tasks

A modern hood designed for installation in a bathroom has a forced operating principle. The device consists of a fan and an air duct connected to the building's ventilation duct.

The axial exhaust fan has a relatively simple design, which does not affect the functionality of the device. In terms of performance properties, it can compete with air conditioners

To choose the optimal hood, you have to take into account the characteristics of the bathroom and the types of existing ventilation systems. Devices may differ in design, principle of operation, power and availability additional functions.

Types of bathroom ventilation

To ensure air exchange in an enclosed space, natural or forced ventilation. The first option does not require the use of special equipment that performs specific functions.

The second involves the use of fans, air heaters, engines, air cooling devices and other additional devices. You will be introduced to the principles of ventilation in sanitary and hygienic premises, which we strongly recommend reading.

A natural option for air renewal

Air flows enter the room, after which they are displaced due to various indicators temperature and pressure. You can create free circulation by opening the door slightly. But it will work ideally only if there is a stable flow of air from the street, which does not happen in hot weather.

In high-rise buildings, the ventilation shaft serves all apartments via a riser. The entrance to it is closed with a grate, and the cleaning efficiency depends on general condition. In suburban buildings, ventilation ducts are installed during the construction stage.

During installation natural exhaust The following rules must be followed:

1. The grille in the bathroom/lavatory should be located in the upper part of the room - on the wall or in the ceiling.
2. The inner surface of the pipes must be perfectly smooth.
3. Protrusions and turns of the air duct reduce circulation efficiency by 5%.

Natural ventilation is considered not very effective, since air flows cannot be controlled and their power cannot be influenced. However, it is often used in apartment buildings residential buildings and are often used in country buildings used for seasonal residence, for example, as a summer house.

More often, natural ventilation gives the required result due to the pressure difference between the window and the door. The tightness of the doors interferes with the operation of the ventilation duct

Features of forced ventilation

In the bathroom of buildings equipped with sealed windows and door structures, mechanical evacuation of exhaust air using mechanical devices is used. This can be a overhead or duct fan. It turns on when necessary and creates traction.

In private buildings, ducts are often installed that remove waste air flow through the attic of the house. The fan is designed for contaminated air, and fresh air can enter the bathroom through the open door.

Compact forced ventilation takes up minimal space in the room, but is sufficient for effective ventilation of the bathroom

Types of fans for enclosed spaces

There are 2 types of equipment used in bathrooms, toilets and combined toilets. These are axial and radial exhaust devices. The latter are also called centrifugal.

The axial devices are a shaft on which a classic impeller is mounted. Its blades are made at an angle. When the shaft rotates, retraction occurs air flow. Such a fan is used if the pressure created with its help is sufficient to ensure normal air exchange.

Buying household goods axial fan – rational decision for owners of apartments and private houses. It allows you to create a comfortable environment in the room by investing a minimum of money.

With radial devices, the air flow is drawn into the center, after which it ends up in a casing with blades. Due to their location in the central part, a vacuum is observed, and the centrifugal force pushes air masses to the edges of the housing, which are discharged through the outlet pipe into the ventilation duct.

The most in demand are overhead models - they work much more efficiently and quieter, and are capable of evacuating volumes that axial models cannot do. Based on the level of equipment, fans of the centrifugal operating principle are divided into basic and with additional options . The latter can work automatically.

Automatic centrifugal products are additionally equipped with a timer and sensors. They allow the owner of the premises to control the operation of the equipment

Basic parameters of a bath hood

The specifics of the bathroom prompted developers to produce devices adapted to rooms with high humidity. The housing of an electrically powered fan must be sealed. The internal structure of the equipment is reliably protected on all sides from exposure to wet steam.

Attention to the characteristics of the device

For consumers, the International Electrotechnical Commission has developed a certain standard for the reliability of electronic devices. It is designated IP and consists of two numbers.

The first value can be from 0 to 6 and indicates the degree of protection from the penetration of impurities. The second digit determines level of protection against moisture. To use the product in the bathroom the indicator should be at least 4.

Each product must have a certificate that determines its level of safety. For the bathroom it is better to choose a device whose IP is greater than 34

Power and performance are closely related. The higher the first indicator, the greater the second will be. You can find out the performance indicator by multiplying the square footage of the bathroom by the number of people living in the house.

If the fan is equipped with many additional functions, its power can be a maximum of 10% higher than the calculated one. The most popular are economical and virtually silent devices that consume from 7 to 20 W.

When operating devices with a high power rating, there is a draft in the room, and it will not be able to warm up sufficiently.

Another one important characteristic- the noise level created by the blades of the device during operation. It is much quieter than during operation kitchen hood. The standard acceptable for an exhaust device is considered to be a sound of 30 dB and below. This is explained by the fact that a person perceives all sounds above 35 dB as unpleasant and intrusive.

Timer, hygrostat, check valve

Standard bathroom ventilation units are mechanically controlled or operate in a slow, constant mode. A timer is an additional device that allows you to half automate the process.

After the person has left the bathroom, thanks to the timer, the exhaust air continues to be evacuated for some time. Once completed, it turns itself off.

You will find guidance on installing and connecting the exhaust device to a standard switch in, which covers these difficult issues in detail.

Smoky air, steam fumes and the smell of food being prepared in the kitchen are not conducive to a normal microclimate in an apartment or house. To solve this problem, it is recommended to install hoods in the bathroom and kitchen

The presence of a humidity sensor is best option For bathroom. A hygrometer is considered the best control method, as it allows you to set a humidity threshold from 40 to 100%, upon reaching which the fan automatically turns on. A humidistat and a timer are not often used together. Typically, if there is a humidity sensor, a timer is not required.

When installing the equipment, you need to measure the hole in the bathroom or toilet, which will allow you to determine the diameter of the air duct. Standard landing size hoods from 100 to 130 mm. If necessary, the hole in the bathroom wall can be enlarged using a hammer drill.

The best option for ensuring normal air exchange and a comfortable indoor climate is to select a ventilation device of the required size

A non-return valve is a small and simple device that will prevent unpleasant odors from neighbors from penetrating into your apartment. It is practically indispensable in city baths and toilets connected to a common ventilation duct.

How to choose the right device?

When installing a ventilation system in the bathroom, you will need to choose an exhaust device. First of all, you need to determine its capabilities, which consist in the ability to move a specific volume of air. This indicator depends on the diameter of the device.

Manufacturers offer devices with pipe cross-sections of 80, 100, 120, 150 mm. For Khrushchev, the optimal diameter will be 80 mm or 100 mm. In new buildings, apartments have an improved layout; here it is better to choose a section of 120 mm.

An equally important factor is appearance. Many manufacturers produce hoods with a replaceable outer panel. Fans from Elicent, Electrolux, Ballu, Timberk and other brands are various colors and shades.

The advantages of hood models with a removable panel are ease of maintenance of the device and the ability to bring bold design ideas to life

An attractive and stylish device can be made an accent element of the interior or fit in so that it does not catch the eye. When choosing, it is necessary to take into account that water should not come into contact with electricity - the fan will have to work in conditions high humidity.

To avoid troubles with wiring, experts recommend using a product designed for long-term operation in such premises.

It would be useful to check the noise indicators of the device - unnecessary and unpleasant sounds play the role of a hearing irritant. When a high-quality bathroom fan is running, it is almost silent.

When you turn on the silent exhaust device, you can hear a little air movement that occurs in the pipe of the device body

It is also worth paying attention to the strength and reliability of the device. A small number of companies specializing in the production of bathroom fans can guarantee that their products will work for several years. ABOUT high quality indicates the warranty period from the manufacturer. If it is less than 1 year old, it is better not to buy this device.

Preparing a place for an exhaust fan

Before installation, a series of preparatory work. First of all, you need to check how normally the ventilation duct is functioning by bringing a lit match or candle to the inlet. The flame should angle toward the grate.

If a lit flame indicates that the ventilation duct is clogged, you must urgently take action and clean the device before installing the hood

If the diameter of the ventilation duct hole is larger than the cross section of the fan, then you can insert plastic or the required diameter and seal the voids polyurethane foam, cutting off its excess with a sharp knife after the solution has set.

If the hole at the entrance to the shaft has a smaller diameter, it is expanded using a hammer drill.

Selecting the optimal connection scheme

Before installing any model of exhaust fan in the bathroom, you need to decide how it will be connected to the power source.

Today there are different ways hood connections:

1. The switch is located on the device body. In this case, it can be turned on or off using a button or cord located on the body.
2. Connecting the device to a separate switch. A switch is installed in front of the bathroom, in which one of the keys turns on the ventilation, and the second turns on the lighting.
3. Automatic fan activation from a humidity or motion sensor. It starts to function if exceeded permissible level humidity or movement occurs.
4. The device is connected to a light switch. It can be equipped with a timer and connected in parallel with the lamp. It turns on simultaneously with the lighting and turns off when the light is turned off.

The latter method of connecting the device is less popular, since apartment residents often go into the bathroom for a short time to quickly wash their hands, brush their teeth or wash their face. In these cases, the switched on hood will waste electricity.

The connection diagram for ventilation to a light switch is used quite rarely, since for most people a running fan prevents them from relaxing and taking a bath

It is better to lay the wiring under the tiles. If this is not possible, then you can disguise the cable using special plastic boxes.

The procedure for carrying out installation work

Before connecting the fan in the bathroom, you should study the instructions, which describe the detailed installation process. In accordance with the recommendations, the selected model of hood is installed in the bathroom or bathroom.

Actions are performed in a certain sequence:

1. First, remove the front cover and apply liquid nails, silicone or polymer glue to all areas where the product adjoins the wall surface. These materials will provide a strong hold for the relatively lightweight plastic.
2. We insert the device so that the working part together with the electric motor is completely in the wall. Press firmly to the attachment point for several minutes.
3. We install a mosquito net that will not allow various insects and midges enter the room.
4. We attach the front cover with self-tapping screws, which are included in the kit. This action is carried out last.

When connecting to the power supply, there should be no exposed wires in the room without insulation. They are placed in recessed ventilation ducts using a corrugated casing.

When connecting the hood to the power supply, safety precautions must be observed. First of all, you need to make sure that the electricity in the room is turned off. To connect wires, they do not use twists, but more reliable terminal blocks

Many users connect fans via a contact pair to a light switch. The switch is installed in phase.

For convenience when using the device in the future, you can install a separate button to turn on the hood. If when visiting the bathroom there is no need to operate it, then it is convenient to use only the lighting control key. then the time spent in the room will not be overshadowed by the hum of the rotating blades.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Video #1. How to choose equipment and organize everything correctly:

Video #2. Why do you need a bathroom hood and how to install it:

The hood allows you to get rid of high humidity in the bathroom and eliminate odors penetrating into the room. This is a popular and inexpensive equipment that is easy to install. Popular fan models are produced by Ballu, Timberk, Elicent, Electrolux and others.

Despite the fact that installation work will not take much effort, money and time, the device will become an indispensable assistant in the fight for fresh air and comfortable microclimate.

Tell us about how you improved ventilation in the bathroom by installing a hood. Share the subtleties of doing work that are useful for site visitors. Ask questions, post photos, comment on the material we present in the block located under the text of the article.

As a rule, there are no windows in bathrooms, and the only method of air exchange is the ventilation system. It can be natural and forced. In the second case, a bathroom fan is installed in the ventilation duct.

The role of ventilation in Everyday life It is difficult to overestimate a person; it is she who ensures a healthy microclimate in the room. If we talk about the bathroom, then here, indoors, in conditions of high humidity, the lack of air exchange leads to delamination of furniture, swelling of doors, corrosion of even painted metal, the formation of mold, mildew and the proliferation of insects.

Fan in the bathroom: luxury or necessity.

As is known, in any standard project The house must have natural ventilation in the bathroom, kitchen and toilet. It includes ventilation ducts, at the entrances of which there are decorative grilles. Air movement in the system is carried out due to the difference atmospheric pressure outside and inside the premises. The question is whether it works fully, if at all, after the repair.

The effectiveness of natural ventilation depends on many factors.

Air temperature. For example, in summer, due to high temperatures, air exchange is minimal.
Air flow into the house. When were they primarily used in construction? wooden windows with many cracks, this issue was not relevant. But today, with the advent plastic windows, air practically does not penetrate into the room and this significantly reduces the efficiency of the system.
Clogging. Not many people monitor the cleanliness of ventilation. Over the years, dirt, dust, cobwebs, and insects accumulate in it, and this, in turn, impedes the movement of air masses.

Bathroom - closed room with high humidity, air exchange here should be especially good. And the only way to make it effective, regardless external factors– install the fan. Forced ventilation in the bathroom will provide the necessary volume of fresh air regardless of weather conditions and will allow, if necessary, mandatory ventilation. But you need to take into account that household fans for bathrooms, after installation, cover the ventilation duct and completely prevent natural air exchange.

Solving the problem of air exchange in this way has a number of other disadvantages.
Any device operates with a certain level of noise, which can cause discomfort. A silent bathroom fan would be a good solution, but silence will cost a little more.
The performance of a domestic fan is usually higher than that established by standards. This means that the operation of the device needs to be monitored. Especially in the cold season, when continuous ventilation will certainly entail extra costs for heat.
Additional, albeit small, energy costs.

Forced ventilation in the bathroom and toilet is a quick and easy way to combat unpleasant odors, excess moisture and its consequences.

On construction market a wide variety of models are presented exhaust systems, but before you make a choice of a bathroom fan, you need to decide on some technical and functional parameters of these devices.

How to choose a fan

When choosing a fan, it is necessary to take into account a number of technical characteristics: performance, safety, noise level. These indicators must be indicated in the device passport.

Important point: When the fan is turned off, its body covers almost the entire opening of the ventilation channel and this is bad! Thus, your bathroom is practically not ventilated. The solution is to install an additional or double ventilation grille.

Double gratings - optimal choice for bathroom and kitchen

Fan performance is the volume of air that will be moved over a certain period of time. For any room, this indicator is calculated using a simple formula: the volume of the room is multiplied by the air exchange rate, this indicator is given building codes. For bathrooms used by 1-3 people - 6, more than 3 people - 8. The resulting figure indicates at what fan performance all the air in the room will be replaced with fresh air within an hour. The productivity of household fans for toilets and bathrooms is usually 90-100 m3/hour.
Noise level. Fan operation is always accompanied by noise of a mechanical and aerodynamic nature, which should not exceed 35-40 dB. If inner surface veneer the air duct soundproofing material or install a noise suppressor in the ventilation system, the indicator can be reduced. You can also purchase a silent bathroom fan, which is, however, a little more expensive.

Silent bathroom fans

Safety. Like anyone else electrical appliance, the fan is susceptible to short circuits, especially in the bathroom where the level of moisture in the air is quite high, so it is better to give preference to devices with a high level of splash protection.

Forced ventilation in the toilet, if it is not combined with a bathroom, is a purely aesthetic issue. For small room The fan with the lowest performance will be sufficient. It won't be amiss check valve for duct ventilation system. And in this case, some consider a high noise level to be completely unnecessary, although if desired, you can install a silent, energy-saving bathroom fan.

Additional functions.

A modern bathroom exhaust fan, in addition to the main mechanism, is often equipped with additional options that turn it into a convenient multifunctional device.
Power regulation is important to save energy. Can be manual or automatic.
Humidity sensor. The fan turns on automatically when the humidity level in the room is high. It is worth considering that the humidity sensor is only additional option, it should not be the only way to turn the fan on and off.
Motion Sensor. An interesting, but not always necessary function in everyday life. The device turns on automatically and runs for the specified time.
The timer is a very useful solution. After the set time has passed, the bathroom exhaust fan turns off automatically.
The “constant ventilation” mode means that the fan operates at minimum speed, and when humidity rises, it automatically increases performance. This energy-saving mode is often used for drying clothes in the bathroom.
It is recommended to install a check valve for ventilation in duct-type ventilation, as well as for exhaust openings that go directly outside from the room. The valve prevents air from entering from the street or from another room.

Check valve for ventilation

Typically, toilet and bathroom fans are installed in place ventilation grille, but before proceeding with installation, make sure that the hole diameter ventilation duct and the fan housing matches, and the draft is good. Check it with a lit match, if the flame does not deviate towards the outlet, there is no draft, the channel needs to be cleaned.

Duct installation

It is better to fix the fan in the ventilation duct using special polymer glue. The front panel is removed and put away for a while. Glue is applied around the perimeter of the fan cover. The adhesive surfaces are connected for a few seconds. After which they separate and allow the glue to “set” a little. After a minute, press the fan tightly against the wall. Also, household fans can be fixed to the wall with dowels, if there are holes for them on the panel.

Fan installation process

Power connection

Before installing a fan in the bathroom, you need to do the wiring, determine how to turn the device on and off, and designate the installation location of the switches. To connect electrical appliances, use only three-core cables. Usually the wiring is hidden under Decoration Materials. But sometimes, the fan is installed after repair. In this case, the wiring can be hidden under a box or a decorative seam between the tiles. To do this, the seam is carefully cleaned, the wires are laid in it and rubbed again. The box is easily attached to the wall using polymer glue.

Fan installation process

Connecting the fan to the electrical outlet in the bathroom can be done in several ways.
To a one-key switch.
The method involves simultaneously turning on the fan and lighting. From distribution box zero and ground are connected directly. The phase is taken from the same promotion, but after the switch. The scheme is simple, but not very convenient, since after turning off the light the fan will not remove unpleasant odors.
To the two-key switch.
A more acceptable option for use in the bathroom. One switch key is responsible for the lighting, the other, respectively, for the exhaust fan for the bathroom. A phase comes to the switch from the distribution box, which is switched through two contacts to the lamp and to the fan. Zero and ground go directly from the junction box to the fan and lamp.
To the lamp.
When forced ventilation is done in the bathroom without further renovation, the device can be connected directly to the lamp. A box is stretched from the lamp to the ventilation duct. The lamp is removed. All wires are fixed to one terminal box. The other end of the wire is connected to the fan contacts. Screw on the protective cap. Before installing the decorative grille, check the operation of the systems.

Ventilation in the house is as important as heating or water supply. The hood in the bathroom is an integral part of the ventilation system. This issue must be approached very carefully; there are no unimportant details here. In this article, we will look at the basics of ventilation, select the right fan for the bathroom hood and install it.

Types of ventilation

Why do you need ventilation in the bathroom?

A competent approach to installing a ventilation system in a house is the key to the health and quality of life of the family.

There is a misconception among popular opinions: a hood for a bathroom is not as important as for other rooms in the house. Most people don't even think about the importance of ventilation for the bathroom and toilet. Others suggest that the window is enough for optimal air exchange. Of course, these ideas are completely wrong.

A hood in the bathroom solves the problem of proper air exchange, therefore, there will be no unpleasant odors in the bathroom, and the air in the room will be fresh. This is especially true for a combined bathroom.

High humidity in the bathroom creates favorable conditions for the reproduction and growth of microorganisms. A properly functioning ventilation system will help defeat rot and mold. A hood in the bathroom helps achieve optimal temperature and humidity, as well as maintain parameters at the desired level.

A bathroom hood solves the following problems:

creates air exchange;

maintains microclimate.

Types of ventilation

There are two types of ventilation systems.

Natural exhaust in the bathroom is created by removing stale air through the ventilation shaft. This type of ventilation is laid down at the design and construction stage of houses. For the system to function effectively, an influx of fresh air is necessary through special openings in the bathroom door.

Advice. In order to check how well the system works, you need to create a draft (open a door or window) and bring a sheet of paper to the ventilation grille - it should stick to it.

In cases where the ventilation hood for the bathroom does not work correctly or is not efficient enough, forced ventilation in the bathroom can correct the situation.

Forced exhaust hood in the bathroom is created through the use of special devices– fans.

In what cases is artificial ventilation necessary?

Artificial ventilation is necessary, while natural ventilation is working properly, if you notice:

rust on pipes or metal products;

condensation on walls, windows, objects;

signs of appearance (black dots) or pronounced rot, mold.

Forced ventilation installed in the bathroom in addition to natural ventilation significantly reduces the harmful effects of high humidity. This has a beneficial effect on the condition and service life of household appliances installed in the room. It will allow you to keep ceilings and walls in their original condition longer after repairs.

Fan classification

Bathroom fans are classified according to the following criteria:

• according to the location of the working element: overhead or channel. Overhead bathroom fans are mounted at the entrance to the ventilation shaft. Their installation is simple and affordable. The main work of duct fans occurs inside the air ducts. Duct fans for the bathroom allow you to create a full-fledged ventilation system that unites several or all rooms in the house. The creation of such a system occurs during construction.
• according to installation location: ceiling, wall, roof. Ceiling fans are usually duct fans, while wall fans are overhead fans. Roof fans represent a whole complex supply and exhaust ventilation, which is placed under the roof of the house;

• according to the operating principle: bladed, centrifugal. Blade, in turn, are divided into axial and radial. The principle of operation of blade fans is to remove exhaust air by rotating the blades or in cases radial fan- using spatulas. Centrifugal toilet and bathroom hoods work by creating centrifugal force inside a fan;
• according to the presence of additional functions: check valve for ventilation, hygrometer, shutdown timer, motion sensor. The hygrometer allows you to automatically turn on the hood in the bathroom at a given humidity level. The timer sets the time when the hood is turned off. A motion sensor starts the fan when a person enters the bathroom;
• by switching method: mechanical or automatic. Mechanical fans either have a separate power button or turn on along with the bathroom light. Automatic fans turn on at specified parameters, for example, when a person enters the room, the humidity exceeds the permissible value, and the light sensor is triggered.

A check valve for ventilation can be included with the fan or can be purchased separately.

The valve prevents air from penetrating back into the bathroom, which is important during the cold season. A plastic check valve for ventilation is required when channel system air duct so that odors from the kitchen or toilet do not penetrate into the bath.

How to choose the right fans for the toilet and bathroom

In order to choose a fan for the toilet and bathroom, you need to set the necessary parameters for its operation. Firstly, it is worth calculating the required hood performance. To do this, the volume of the room *(multiply) by the number of air changes. For a combined bathroom and toilet the value is 10, for a bathroom – 8. Further, if the number of people in the family is up to 3, * by 6, more than 3 – multiply by 8. It is recommended to buy bathroom fans with a performance reserve, i.e. slightly more powerful than the result obtained. Performance calculations must be made to select the correct fan. Otherwise, installing a weak hood will not produce the desired effect, and installing an overly powerful one will lead to hypothermia in the room.

Noise indicator – important criterion when choosing a fan. During operation, the device creates two types of noise: due to moving blades or centrifugal force and due to vibration of the system. Noise of 35 - 40 dB begins to irritate nervous system person. To solve this problem, a silent bathroom fan is suitable - its operating volume is only 20-25 dB, for comparison this is the volume of a whisper.

The silent bathroom exhaust fan has a number of design features, due to which the noise level is reduced. First of all, this is the presence of vibration isolators and material of higher density, due to which the desired effect is achieved. The location of the fan and its type also affect the noise level. For example, a silent duct-type bathroom fan installed on the ceiling will create less noise due to the fact that its system is located inside the duct.

Advice. When choosing a fan, you should consider models designed for installation specifically in the bathroom.

They have increased safety indicators. The design provides protection from moisture and accidental splashes of water. In addition, they operate at reduced voltage. This characteristic plays an important role: when short circuit voltage up to 25 volts will not cause electric shock.

The toilet hood has a similar design to the bathroom hood. Distinctive Features is the smaller power and diameter of the fan. If the average performance of a bathroom fan is 100 m³/h, then a toilet hood can operate with a power of 50 m³/h.

When purchasing a fan, you should consider the following characteristics:

• performance indicator;
• noise indicator;
• safety indicator.

Installation of fans

Installation of a hood in the bathroom, depending on the complexity of the system, can be carried out on our own or with the help of professional workers. Pad duct ventilation carried out during the construction phase.

Blade fans are the easiest to install, which is why they have become more widespread. It is enough to place the device under the grille of the ventilation system, connect it to electricity, and hide the wires in an insulating box. Please note the following points during installation:

• the hood for the toilet and bathroom is installed opposite the door, at the maximum height from the floor. Holes should be made in the bathroom door or a gap of 1.5-2 cm should be left from the floor;
• installation of the hood is carried out only in a properly functioning ventilation shaft - only the grille is visible on the surface;
• When installing ventilation in a private house, air must be vented outside, and not under the roof (for example, into the attic). Otherwise, condensation will form, which stimulates the development of rot. This is especially dangerous for wooden beams Houses;
• a forced-air exhaust hood for a bathroom with a ventilation check valve is the preferred choice;
• can be used to reduce noise silicone sealant or silent fan models;
• Fastening is best done using self-tapping screws.

Options for connecting a hood in the bathroom: video