A dome house is a living space that has the shape of a hemisphere. The construction of such buildings, which has long been common in Europe and the USA, is becoming popular in our country. Semicircular structures gained recognition and fame due to their attractive appearance, unique shape, environmental friendliness and ergonomics.

Craftsmen use a variety of materials to build walls. Wood is the most in demand. There are also projects made of concrete and stone. Distinctive feature hemispherical houses - getting the maximum spacious room in a small area. These buildings are relevant for suburban areas, since their location takes up little space. Few materials are used for the arrangement, so the weight of the structure is relatively light. This allows you to save on foundation construction.

The technology for creating a hemisphere is quite complex, but with certain skills and knowledge, site owners can build such a house themselves.

Advantages and disadvantages of a domed house

To decide on the feasibility of using this technology, it is necessary to find out its pros and cons. Advantages:

• exclusive appearance;
• rapid construction and arrangement;
• possibility of free interior design;
• the light weight of the structure allows it to be placed on the simplest foundations;
• possibility of arrangement in any climatic regions;
• In a semicircular room, heat is distributed evenly. Therefore, such houses have high thermal insulation properties: in summer they are cool, and in winter time- warm;
• good noise insulation performance;
• the rooms inside will be spacious and bright, so no increased lighting is needed;
• construction and arrangement does not require large financial investments;
• high resistance to wind loads;
• design features make it resistant to earthquakes;
• energy saving qualities.

The disadvantages include:

• a large number of waste during production - all materials are produced for 4 coal projects;
• a round structure is more difficult to place in a small area than a rectangular one;
• it is difficult to place furniture inside;
• Manufacturing windows and doors of non-standard shape requires additional costs.

Projects of domed houses: photos

In order to start construction, you need to have the exact geometric dimensions of the frame and its components. As a rule, each project is individual, because the geodesic dome allows you to combine a variety of structural and design options. In addition, the developer can use different building materials, installation tools, and technologies. An important condition is compliance with all requirements for creating a power frame.

Spherical objects built from brick or stone have the same characteristics as a standard quadrangular building. Interesting and practical are structures made of polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam. Japanese technology. In most cases, specialists improve such dwellings for people to live in them year-round.

The most popular technology for creating domed houses is considered to be a frame structure. The frame is constructed from any materials, its elements are connected using special devices— connectors.

To accurately plan future activities and expenses, you need to prepare carefully. Except general requirements to the home, we take into account the following factors:

• The project is being developed taking into account current construction standards and fire safety regulations.
• To fill the foundation, you should take into account the composition of the soil and the level of groundwater.
• When choosing components, pay attention to modern products. Artificial materials its characteristics and properties are better than natural analogues.
• To ensure that your property is energy efficient, use modern, high-quality heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment.

The design of structures is carried out by specialized organizations. There you can see standard designs of hemispherical houses. It will be cheaper to use a ready-made project made by professionals, making personal amendments to it.

What is required for construction

When starting to arrange a spherical structure, it is necessary to prepare tools and materials. It is better to collect all the equipment in advance so that during work you do not waste time searching for missing devices.

The most popular structures are those made from wooden beams. The section is selected individually in accordance with the expected loads on the dome. Wooden elements are connected using connectors. They come in five-ray and six-ray types. These elements are used in the manufacture of large semicircular buildings.

If you are building a small house, you can use a connectorless assembly. Professional craftsmen they often refuse to use the connector method of constructing a frame. In this case, the bars are adjusted exactly to each other, which allows them to be connected with screws with a minimum of seams.

For cladding the frame use:

• OSB sheets;
• plywood;
• Styrofoam;
• drywall;
• other sheet materials.

For the roof use flexible tiles, roofing felt, sheet roofing materials aluminum based.

The insulation layer is made from high-quality mineral wool. When laying it, it is necessary to prevent moisture from entering the raw material. A more practical option is polyurethane foam, which is not afraid of water. The material is created directly during construction from liquid components. Increasing in volume, it fills everything free space, creating an effective insulating layer.

Interior decoration is not limited in any way. They use lining, wooden panels, drywall followed by painting or wallpaper. For construction and finishing works The following tools are suitable:

• roulette;
• level;
• electric corner;
• hacksaw;
• jigsaw;
• electric drill;
• woodworking Machine;
• roofing scissors;
• hammer;
• gloves;
• brushes;
• Bulgarian;
• crosshead screwdriver.

Step-by-step instructions for building a domed house with your own hands

Having prepared all the necessary materials and equipment, you need to carry out preparatory activities: manufacture the main parts of the structure, process them and prepare them for assembly.

Preparation for construction

First of all, you need to do the necessary preparatory work. These include marking the site where the house will be built. It needs to be cleared of soil and then covered with crushed stone and sand. Decide on a building model. Select the appropriate cell frequency. The sphericity of the structure depends on this parameter: the higher the indicator, the rounder the house will be. Usually 2v or 3v is selected.

Make plywood elements and rafters for the future structure. At the same stage, make the required number of connectors. In the process of manufacturing products, be guided by drawings prepared in advance. Treat connectors made of metal plates with an anti-corrosion agent. Pour the foundation. A decagonal structure made of boards can also serve instead. The cross-section of the workpieces is selected individually, taking into account future loads.

Installation of the structure

Using an electric saw or jigsaw, cut the boards into trapezoidal shapes. Lay roofing material on a base of crushed stone and sand, and trapezoidal blanks on top of it. Make sure that the elements are installed evenly and fasten the trapezoids with screws. Next, internal vertical walls are erected. To assemble these elements use wooden beam. Connect the parts with screws.

Make a door frame of the desired dimensions. To create it you need horizontal and vertical boards. Connect the parts using prepared grooves, securing them with screws, staples or other types of fasteners. At the same stage, make boxes for installing windows. To sheathe vertical walls, use boards that must be fastened in such a way as to prevent water from seeping into the house during slanting rain.

To make plate connectors, use metal plates. To do this, you will need a grinder, with which you should cut out pentagonal or hexagonal parts from a sheet of metal, depending on the type of structure.

After the connectors are ready, you should start filling them. Bakelite resin or polyurethane foam. The second option is more acceptable, as it contains components that are safe for human health. To build the dome frame, pay attention to the drawings and calculate the number of parts. Screws are used to connect elements.

Finishing

Thermal insulating material is placed in the internal triangular cells of the dome: mineral wool, foam plastic, glass wool. For internal lining use ordinary wooden plywood, which can regulate the humidity in the room, and is also an environmentally friendly and harmless material.

After completing the finishing work on the interior of the room, proceed to the exterior decoration of the walls using roofing felt and flexible tiles. The layers are laid sequentially, one after another. Triangles from roofing felt should be cut on a carpenter's table. To secure the roofing material, use resin or special glue.

After this, proceed to interior decoration which includes:

• laying floors;
• installation of water supply, ventilation;
• wall decoration.

The created base is equipped with decorative and functional elements in accordance with personal wishes.

Price of a domed house

If you buy a domed house, you can eliminate many of the problems listed above. However, even in this case, personal thematic knowledge will come in handy. They will help you choose the right project and confidently control the actions of builders.

When studying alternative option It is necessary to take into account not only direct, but also indirect costs. In some situations, it will be beneficial to purchase a ready-made kit to create a reliable frame with manufacturer warranties. The finishing of the facility and the installation of communications can be done independently, using standard construction technologies.

What you need to know when building a domed house

When building a spherical cottage, consider some nuances:

• If sewerage and water supply are planned, consider the construction of two pits.
• When planning a bedroom or second floor, you need to make skylights that will add light to the room and originality to the entire building.
• For insulation it is possible to use sawdust.
• The best tree for building a geodesic dome is black acacia, which has sufficient strength and elasticity. The wood is also weather resistant.
• Think in advance about the presence of sockets in the rooms, calculate power supply points.

A domed dwelling is a very original idea. Such a structure can be either completely independent or serve as a convenient extension.

Many gardeners strive to ensure that their dacha buildings are attractive, original and functional. Moreover, their construction was affordable even for a beginner, and the cost of materials was minimal. A geodesic dome fully meets these requirements.

Video presentation of country houses in the shape of a geodesic dome

A little history

Geodesic domes - architectural structures with a load-bearing mesh shell first appeared in the late 40s of the last century. The American Richard Fuller received a patent for this invention. Unusual buildings were supposed to solve the problem of quickly constructing inexpensive, comfortable housing. The idea has not caught on for mass development, but is actively used for the construction of futuristic cafes, swimming pools, and stadiums.

The spheres are no less popular among landscape designers. Such buildings are quite spacious and can be used for a variety of purposes. Their unusual appearance immediately attracts attention; they become the center of a landscape composition.

A geodesic dome has a high load-bearing capacity; moreover, it can be built from simple materials in the shortest possible time without the involvement of teams of specialists and equipment. Thus, a dome 50 meters high can be built by three people without using a construction crane.

Lightweight and durable + multi-functional geodesic dome for your site

Thanks to its shape, the geodome harmonizes space and charges it with positive energy. The round room is spacious and incredibly cozy. The advantage of a geodetic structure is that it does not require a solid foundation. This greatly simplifies the work, reduces its time and the cost of consumables. Another advantage is the minimum quantity construction waste and noise. Frame-panel technology, which underlies the construction of a geodome, is very economical. It is perfect for the construction of buildings for a wide variety of purposes.

You can install a geodesic bath, a sauna, equip a swimming pool under a dome, build a house, summer kitchen, gazebo, garage, light and spacious hut for children's games. There are many options. But in our country, a spherical structure is most often used as a greenhouse or greenhouse.

Making a basic calculation of the geodome

The engineering calculations required for the construction of a permanent residential building, of course, should be entrusted to professionals. However, for construction on summer cottage Simple calculations using ready-made tables that are easy to find on the Internet will suffice. They indicate the number of ribs of the same length, the ratio of the lengths of the ribs taking into account the radius of the dome, as well as the number and type of connectors - durable fasteners for connecting parts.

The tables reflect information about the designs of domes with a frequency of ribs from 1 to 6. The gardener can only decide what kind of dome he will install, what is the required area and height of the building. Then look at the table data, using the coefficients, calculate the length of the ribs taking into account the radius of the dome and prepare the required amount of building material.

We are building an original greenhouse

1. First we need to decide how much area we want to allocate for the greenhouse, and also what its height should be. Then we determine the frequency of the ribs of the future dome.

   

   Dome circuit most commonly used, with fin frequency 2V

   The best option- a greenhouse with an edge frequency of 2V, an area of ​​3 m and a height of one and a half meters. Now we do the simplest calculations using a special table. We find out that we need 35 ribs 0.93 m long and 30 0.82 m long. We also need to prepare 6 five-pointed and 10 four-pointed and six-pointed connectors.

2. We are preparing building material. You can use bars profile pipe, fence board, special double struts. The main thing is to immediately take into account the width of the rib. So, the boards will have to be cut into several pieces using a jigsaw.
3. We level the area for construction and fill it with crushed stone. Using a building level, we check that the site is perfectly level.

   

   Building level will help make the area under the gazebo perfectly level

4. We are building the base of the greenhouse. We use the simplest scheme polyhedron, collect its sides, connect them together.

   

5. Let's make a dome. For convenience, edges of the same length can be marked with color, so there will be no confusion during the work process. Referring to a simple geodome diagram, we build isosceles triangles from the ribs and connect them to each other with special fasteners - connectors. For small structures– greenhouses, greenhouses, gazebos – to assemble the dome, you can use regular mounting tape and self-tapping screws.

   

   We are building a dome, the basis of the structure is isosceles triangles

6. We cover the greenhouse with polycarbonate. To do this, we cut it into triangles and attach it to the frame using special screws. We decorate the seams with a beautiful strip.

   

   To cover a greenhouse with polycarbonate, it must be cut into regular triangles and the seams insulated with a wooden strip

7. Inside the greenhouse along the perimeter we make beds; their height should be equal to the height of the base of the dome. For fencing, you can use any available material, but natural stone looks especially beautiful.

   

   The path in the greenhouse should be made wide, the beds should be high, level with the base of the geodome

8. For hanging plants, we attach polypropylene pipes to the edges of the dome and hang flower pots on them.

   

   Hanging plants feel great under the greenhouse dome

9. We install a water tank on the north side. This is necessary to maintain optimal level air humidity. In addition, during the day the water will heat up and during the night it will give off heat. Above the tank, several dome blocks can be covered with reflective film - this will enhance the greenhouse effect.

   

   A container of water will provide an optimal microclimate in the greenhouse

10. We plant plants. Along the perimeter there are short ones, in the center there are tall ones.

A greenhouse or greenhouse will retain heat and create better conditions for the growth and development of plants

Geodesic gazebo

An unusual gazebo will decorate your site. It can be collected during the working day. For the frame we use a profile pipe. For a gazebo, the most optimal dome diameter is 6 meters, height 2.5 meters. On the resulting area of ​​28 sq. m. will comfortably accommodate all your friends and relatives.

We calculate the dome in the same way as described above. To build the dome we will need 120 steel ribs. 30 pieces 107.5 cm long, 40 x 124 cm, 50 x 126.7 cm. Their ends need to be flattened, drilled and bent relative to the pipe by 11 degrees. For ease of installation, each length can be marked with its own color: red, green, blue, for example.

The dome diagram will help you quickly assemble a geodesic grid

Now we assemble the frame according to the dome diagram. It shows parts of different lengths in color. Metal parts connect using bolts, washers and nuts, tighten them carefully.

Joining iron ribs is simple: align the parts and connect them using bolts, washers and nuts

When the dome is ready, we begin the final stage of construction. The choice of material is yours. You can cover the gazebo with sheets of plywood, colored polycarbonate, soft tiles, clapboard or other material convenient for you. You can make only the top of the dome closed, and leave the sides free, decorating them with light curtains. At this stage of work, everything depends only on your imagination and design ideas.

We close the gazebo. Decor and choice of materials is yours

The advantage of a dome with a frame made of steel pipes is that it can be assembled and disassembled several times. If you sew a cover from water-resistant fabric, you will get a spacious mobile home for lovers of active recreation in the lap of nature. You will appreciate its comfort on any trip.

Geodome can become the best alternative for a family holiday on the lake shore

We are building a country house

A self-made geodesic dome can become a cozy home in your dacha. The construction principle is the same as for greenhouses or gazebos. However, to build a futuristic house you will need a foundation. The specifics of the structure allow the use of a conventional shallow, thermally insulated wooden foundation. All its parts should be carefully processed with special protective equipment.

We attach the corner posts of the base walls and horizontal struts to the foundation.

Then we install the dome sheathing. From the outside we sew up the spherical structure with sheets of plywood 18 mm thick. We install windows and doors.

When finishing the interior, we put insulation in each opening and also cover the walls with plywood.

Sheets of plywood 18 mm thick are well suited for covering the frame.

The construction period for such a house is 2 months. The consumption of materials is significantly less than for the construction of a traditional frame dwelling. The advantages of the sphere over an ordinary house are fully manifested during operation. Thus, energy consumption here is significantly lower. There are no corners, fewer walls - as a result, heat loss is significantly reduced.

The geodome, regardless of the style of interior decoration, gives the room special comfort and harmony

The special aerodynamic properties of the dome prevent drafts from blowing away heat. A special microclimate is established in the room, so the geodesic house is comfortable at any time of the year. If over time the home has become cramped, it is easy to make a functional extension to the geodesic dome without any damage to the strength of the structure.

If you approach the design of a domed house more creatively, you can end up with a real masterpiece!

A geodesic dome is a great opportunity to quickly and inexpensively install an original structure on your site. The main thing is desire, design imagination and a little skill.

Spherical, domed dwellings have been known for a long time - yarangas, tents, wigwams, etc. - built on this principle. They are distinguished by their high stability and ease of construction, which is what earned them the popularity of our ancestors. But domed houses in their pure form, as a phenomenon modern construction, appeared not so long ago - approximately in the second half of the last century. When the American scientist Fuller decomposed the dome structure into simple figures - triangles, from which the entire structure is often assembled. It is on this principle that many spherical houses are built today.

Domed houses: technologies and their features

Dome or spherical house are the names of one construction technology. Actually, the name reflects the peculiarity of this type of housing construction - the house is not rectangular, but is made in the form of a hemisphere. More precisely, in the form of a polyhedron, approaching a sphere in appearance.

This shape better withstands wind and snow loads, with an equal building spot with a rectangular one, it has more usable area. But in such a house there is unlikely to be at least one rectangular or square room. At least one side will be uneven. This complicates the planning, finishing, selection and installation of furniture. Most likely, all or most of the furnishings will have to be made “to order”, according to your own dimensions and sketches.

Domed houses are built mainly according to frame technology, so the construction is easy. The frame is assembled from timber or metal pipes, sheathed with sheet building material (plywood, OSB). Insulation (expanded polystyrene, mineral wool, foam glass, environmental materials such as jute, dried seaweed, etc.). That is, apart from the unusual shape, there is no news; the materials are selected as for an ordinary frame house.

There are domed houses made of monolithic reinforced concrete. But this technology is used infrequently, especially in our country, where lumber is sometimes cheaper. If we also take into account the need for good thermal insulation of a concrete dome, its unpopularity becomes clear.

With the frames of domed houses, not everything is so simple. There are two technologies by which they are assembled: geodesic and stratodesic domes. They have their own characteristics that can influence your choice.

Geodesic dome

The dome is divided into triangles, from which the polyhedron is assembled. The peculiarity of this technology is that a large number of beams converge at one point. To ensure their secure fixation, connectors are used - special devices made of steel, allowing you to reliably connect elements load-bearing structure. Each connector costs from 600 to 1500 rubles ($10-25).

A geodesic dome for a spherical house is built on the basis of triangles

Given that the number of connectors amounts to tens or even hundreds, their availability greatly affects the cost of construction. Those who plan to build a domed house with their own hands try to do without connectors or make them themselves. The reasons are clear, but if the connection strength is insufficient, the building may collapse under load. So you have to be very, very careful when saving on this unit.

By the way, when using wooden beams there is a connectorless technology, but the assembly of such units requires a high level of carpentry skill and precise execution. And one more thing: they are not as reliable as connections with metal connectors.

The advantage of this type of frame is its stable design. If 35% of the elements are destroyed, the dome does not collapse. This has been tested in seismically active regions, during hurricanes. This stability allows you to easily remove a certain number of jumpers. That is, the opening for doors and windows can be made anywhere, of almost any size. The only thing that needs to be taken into account is that the windows will be triangular. There is no escape from this in this design. For many this is a critical flaw.

Another feature is that when assembling the frame, without cladding, it has good resistance to torsional loads, but does not take horizontal loads very well. Therefore, the frame is first assembled completely and only then it is sheathed.

Stratodesic dome

Dome houses This design is assembled from trapezoidal sections. That is, its fragments are more like rectangles or squares. This structure allows the use of doors and windows of a standard design. For many this is a big plus.

The disadvantage of the statodesian dome is that structural elements can only be removed after careful calculation and strengthening of adjacent structures. So moving a door or window or changing dimensions is possible only after the change has been calculated bearing capacity this area or even the dome as a whole.

This technology also has its own assembly feature. The frame must be sheathed as the racks are installed. That is, the second row of racks is assembled only after the first is sheathed, the third row - after the second is sheathed with sheet material, etc. This is due to the fact that in its unfinished form - without cladding - the frame has a high load-bearing capacity for vertical loads and is not very resistant to torsional loads. Once the edges are sheathed, it becomes very stable and reliable.

Unlike a geodesic dome, a stratodesic connector is not required for assembly. The vertical parts of the frame are connected using specially shaped locks. Horizontal jumpers are attached using a plate, which is fixed with bolts, under which a metal plate is placed.

There is one more nuance that affects the cost of a domed house. When cutting sheet material for a stratodesic dome, more scraps remain than for a geodesic dome. This increases material costs to some extent. But they are compensated by the fact that windows and doors are of a standard design, and they are cheaper than triangular ones. As a result, the cost of the dome different technologies not much different.

Advantages and disadvantages

No one will argue with the fact that domed houses look unusual. If you want to have a house or dacha “not like everyone else” and have nothing against frame house construction, take a closer look at this technology. The solution is truly non-standard. In addition, they say it is economical. Price square meter starts from $200. But as you understand, this is the minimum price. This is an economical option.

Pros of domed houses

Apart from the unusual appearance The advantages of spherical houses are as follows:

Based on the totality of their characteristics, domed houses look very attractive. In addition, many say that construction requires a lot less funds- due to the smaller surface of the walls, there is a saving in material. According to mathematical calculations, the area of ​​the walls is almost a third less. But if there are any savings, they will not be that big - the construction is specific, using specific components that increase the cost of construction. In fact, the cost per square meter is approximately the same as with a conventional form.

Minuses

There are also disadvantages and they are also quite serious. In any case, it is worth knowing about them and taking them into account.

There is also an unusual layout, but it cannot be definitely classified as a disadvantage. I like domed houses precisely because of their originality. So the non-standard shape of the premises is, rather, a feature that must be taken into account when selecting/ordering furniture and choosing finishing materials.

Projects and planning features

It is far from easy to plan a round building in such a way that it is rational, beautiful, and even convenient. There are a few basic techniques that most people follow. The first thing that catches your eye is that there simply cannot be corridors in such a house. They simply have nowhere to lead. This is not bad, but it makes the layout of the house more complicated. Let's start with something simple - how to decorate the entrance to the house.

Entry group

For our climate it is desirable that entrance doors went out to small room, not in large room. In this case, a small vestibule helps. O can be allocated from the general area or attached. A covered veranda performs approximately the same tasks. This is a more “civil” way to solve the problem.

Not everyone likes this approach. Today there are other trends in the world - from the front door you enter into a large spacious hall/living room. Such a layout is also possible, but additional measures are needed to cut off cold air - a thermal curtain near the entrance. This is done using convectors built into the floor or by installing several powerful radiators near the door. The first method is more effective, the second is easier to implement. All these nuances are typical for domed houses. The only difference is that you will have to rack your brains to figure out how to fit in the built-in vestibule. The other two methods are easier to solve.

Let's look at the device options entrance group with examples. In the picture above, the project on the right, the entrance doors open into the living/dining room. This solution is typical for Europe and America. It is gradually gaining popularity here, but due to the harsher climate it often brings inconvenience - every opening of the door in winter period brings a significant portion of cold air, which reduces comfort.

The option on the left is with an attached vestibule. There are two exits from the vestibule - one in winter Garden, the other is in the kitchen/dining room. The solution is no less modern, but the problem of cold air entering living spaces has been solved. So this idea is worth adopting.

If you decide to make the vestibule built-in, you will obviously have to allocate some area of ​​the house. The minimum is three squares (on the left project). It would be logical if there would be a living/dining room next.

Another way is to allocate a large area and use it as a hallway. Place a wardrobe here, a hanger for things “for now” (draft law). If space allows, you can install a small sofa. For a private home, having a hallway is practically a necessity. Dirt and sand are less dragged into the house. And this is another argument in favor of a dedicated entrance group. Attached or fenced off - it’s your choice. But the entrance area is convenient. At least in our realities.

Organization of space

Most often, the central part of the space of a domed house is allocated for common areas. From this central area you can access all the other rooms, which are arranged in a circle. In general, the central room turns out to be inconvenient, since it is “very walkable.”

You won’t be able to relax in it if it’s a living room, it’s not very convenient to cook in, if you come up with the idea of ​​using this room as a kitchen, it’s also not the best as a dining room the best option. Projects that use this space in this way are presented above. It looks great in the picture, but in real life you can’t count on an intimate atmosphere here. So the walk-through rooms are not the most habitable.

Not the worst way to use this passage area is to install a staircase. After all, most domed houses have two floors, but a screw one just begs to be built here. You just need to take into account that if you simply twist it around a pole, it will be inconvenient to use - too sharp turns turn out. If you design a staircase like a “well,” it will be difficult to build it yourself. So this part will have to be entrusted to someone.

Otherwise, domed houses are planned in the same way as ordinary ones. The basic rule to remember is: to engineering systems were not very expensive, all “wet” rooms are located close to each other. The location of bedrooms, offices and other “dry” rooms is up to your taste.

Video on the topic

No matter how detailed the technology, its pros and cons are described, it is so difficult to get an accurate picture. We receive a significant part of information and impressions visually. Pictures and photos help only partially give general idea. It is much better to see everything with your own eyes in video reviews.

Most private houses are constructed using standard and typical technologies, which are represented by a variety of cubic forum buildings. But not everyone wants to build typical structures. One of the most beautiful and practical options is to build a spherical house according to.

Domed houses are distinguished by their unusual, attractive exterior, non-standard form and allow you to practically and competently build all the necessary systems that ensure a comfortable life. Dome type houses have many advantages and design features.

Description

The first thing that distinguishes dome structures is their high level of strength. Their main feature is that the level of load-bearing capacity of a structure increases with increasing its diameter. It is also important that the strength characteristics of the structure do not change depending on what materials are used for its construction.

A dome house is a kind of constructor. Its constituent elements are typical and are calculated independently. To calculate the parameters of the frame base, there is a special calculator for a domed house. For convenience when creating the basis of a structure, there is a dome house calculator in Russian. Assembling such a constructor is quite simple and quick. Wooden domed houses are built using this technology.

Assembling the base frame of a domed house is easy to do manually. All elements necessary for construction are characterized by small dimensions and weight. Due to the fact that a geodesic house has ideal aerodynamic properties, it can be built in unstable climates. For example, in areas with frequent hurricanes or earthquakes.

Kinds

The essence of a spherical design is to divide space using vectors. Based on the type of dome, the following types of domed houses can be distinguished:

• dome-type houses, the elements of which are based on a tetrahedral polyhedron;
• the base is an icosahedron. The design is considered the most optimal. The greater the frequency of vectors used to divide space, the higher the strength of the entire structure.

Depending on the shape of the house, there are:

• waist;
• convex;
• oval;
• consisting of several polyhedra;
• semicircular.

You can build a domed house from various materials. The construction technology of the structure depends on this. The simplest is the frame structure, in which the main material for construction is wood. There are other construction options.

From foam plastic

For the manufacture of domed houses using Japanese technology they use expanded polystyrene. Foam panels are manufactured in such a way that they are firmly bonded to each other during assembly. During production, concrete is applied to the surface of the foam, which gives the material increased strength properties.

It is quite simple to build dome houses using Japanese technology; you just need to order the required number of panels, build a foundation and assemble the house. A domed house made of polystyrene foam is very light, so it does not need a strong and massive foundation. The price for a domed house made of foam plastic has been set at $300-400 per 1 m2.

Reference: Despite the fact that foam plastic is used to build the house, Japanese dome houses are strong and reliable, as well as safe for living.

Made of brick

Brick domed house erected without a frame. Carrying out styling brick material depending on the chosen geodesic dome shape.

Made from concrete

One of the modern technologies used for the construction of a domed house is “inflatable” or using a pneumatic frame. Material for construction – concrete. Thanks to this technology, monolithic domed houses are obtained.

The walls of the building are erected using a special inflatable balloon, which is first laid out on the foundation. The inflatable ball is made of a durable membrane. A wooden formwork equipped with steel reinforcement is installed on its surface. The concrete mixture is evenly distributed over it.

After waiting for the moment when the concrete “sets”, but has not yet completely hardened, the membrane is inflated. Together with the ball, the concrete rises and takes on the desired shape. After this, we can assume that the domed concrete house is ready. When the concrete has completely hardened, the membrane is blown off. It is subsequently reused.

From straw

Dome construction is also quite simple. The building will require a strip or column foundation on which to attach the frame. Any dome shape is allowed. Straw bales are used as wall material, but they are broken in half during installation. Sheaves are laid in horizontal plane, and then tightened with a strong cord.

Dome thatched house requires mandatory plastering. To do this, the surface of the bales is covered with a mesh, onto which a plaster solution is applied. Clay or lime plasters are used for exterior and interior decoration.

Advantages and disadvantages

The properties inherent in the spherical structure determine positive characteristics, which a domed house has. The advantages are as follows:

• The volume inside the house is significantly larger than when constructing a “rectangular” building with the same usable area. It is not too expensive to build a domed house; its price is reduced by 30% compared to a regular one;
• Considering that the outer surface of the building is smaller, this allows for a reduction in consumption. In winter the house is not rented out thermal energy outside, but does not heat up in summer;
• due to the light weight of the entire house structure, there is no need to build a powerful foundation;
• the presence of windows and doors in a house does not affect its strength characteristics. Windows can be placed in any quantity and in any place;
• characterized by a high level of seismic resistance;
• a domed house can withstand heavy snow loads in winter;
• ideal aerodynamic properties allow the construction of dome structures in regions with frequent hurricanes;
• due to the fact that the domed house is round, it can be placed on the site in any way you like;
• domed house is a warm floor. There is no need to install any other heating systems, since the heat emanating from the floor surface spreads throughout the house;
• The layout of the domed house is absolutely free. The design of the house does not imply the presence of load-bearing walls, and therefore it is possible to install room partitions in any convenient place. This also allows you to make the design of a domed house exactly according to the wishes of the residents;
• Comfortable living in the house also ensures less noise that comes from the street. This happens due to the smaller surface area of ​​the structure;
• The interior of a domed house is as easy to organize as in a conventional cubic structure. Fits perfectly into the premises ordinary furniture having sharp corners;
• The appearance of the domed house is unusual and attractive.

Despite the large number of advantages of the structure, for those who want to build a domed house, the disadvantages also play an important role. A domed house has the following disadvantages:

• It is difficult to carry out calculations for constructing the foundation of a house. It is impossible to make a drawing in two planes. It is necessary not only to have good spatial imagination, but also to be able to use 3D programs designed to create a layout. This point can be ignored if it is possible to order a ready-made project;
• specificity of technology. Such a house cannot be built by an ordinary builder, since the technology for constructing domed houses does not apply to classical house building. It is necessary to find professionals specifically in dome construction;
• a geodesic dome house requires the use of specialized elements. For example, standard windows for a home are not suitable; it is necessary to install triangular-shaped windows.

Manufacturers

The construction of domed houses can be ordered from the following companies:

• Dome-Dom. If there is no desire to build a domed house with your own hands, then the company will build a turnkey domed frame house. If there is an opportunity to start construction without anyone’s help, but there is no desire to calculate the domed house, then the company will provide a kit for assembling the frame of the house.
• Skydom. Produces high-strength frames for self-assembly. It builds dome houses on a turnkey basis; the cost of the smallest constructor in terms of area (Sky7.7) is 1,790,000 Russian rubles.
• Dobosphere. Will produce and deliver a house kit. Will provide all the necessary information required for assembly, and will also accompany you during the process. The price of a minimum radius house kit (Z4) is 32,000 rubles.

How to build

Calculations and design are the first things needed for those who want to build a domed house with their own hands. A calculator is simply necessary for this. When the project is ready, the construction of the domed house begins with preparatory work.

To build a domed house with your own hands You must first prepare the site, clear the soil and level it. After this, the soil surface is covered with crushed stone and sand. You can build a stradodesic domed house using the following technology:

• Initially, instead of a foundation, a decagon is built, on which the entire structure will rest. Depending on the load expected on a given base, a specific section of boards for the polygon is selected.
• Purchased boards are cut using an electric saw. You need to get a trapezoidal shape at the output.
• The sand cushion is covered with roofing felt and trapezoidal boards are laid on top, fastening them with screws.
• Further work is carried out in a vertical plane. For the first row of the wall you will need boards fastened together into squares.
• Further construction of the walls consists of assembling triangular-shaped elements. If you purchased a ready-made frame constructor, this greatly simplifies the task. You just need to assemble it according to the instructions.

Important: Each wooden element requires pre-treatment with special antiseptic preparations.

• After erecting the frame, they begin to cover it with OSB panels with inside. The elements are pre-cut in accordance with the design parameters.
• To finish the structure externally, you will need to cover its surface with roofing felt and sheathe it using, for example, flexible tiles.
• It is recommended to carry out the entire process one by one, moving from one triangle to another. Having cut out the roofing material of the desired shape, attach it to the frame and install the tiles.
• It is better to fix the roofing material using resin or glue.
• When all work is completed, interior decoration begins. Using the selected materials, the floors are constructed, all communications are carried out and the walls are insulated, after which they are pre-finished.

• recommended before starting construction work construct a sewerage system and provide alternative methods;
• the house allows the use of sawdust as an insulation material;
• if you plan to make the frame yourself, then it is better to use white acacia. It is highly durable.

Useful video

It is recommended for everyone who decides to build a domed house to study and understand the essence of construction. The video will help you visualize all the features of the structure.

Despite the fact that the construction of a domed house is not familiar and widespread, the design has a large number of advantages over typical structures. A particularly positive quality is the engro-efficiency of domed houses. Comfort, coziness and savings on heating are guaranteed for the residents of such a house.

Nowadays, few people can be surprised by a new residential building, but this rule does not apply to the popular spherical or domed houses, the designs and prices of which are so varied that they cannot leave any buyer indifferent. Spherical buildings are unique in themselves; their design looks unusual in any area. Moreover, the incredible appearance of the domed house is not its only advantage.

Due to its unique design, each house project can differ significantly from another, since it is possible to use radically different parts. Such construction projects are highly functional. Every day they become more and more popular in Russian construction market.

Source krovmart.ru

What is a domed house: features and history

A domed house is usually understood as a construction project with a spherical, rounded roof. However, this is only a general description of this type of building. Many people note that the domed house looks like an Eskimo dwelling (like an igloo).

Modern spherical buildings look simply incredible, the designs are amazing. For designers, a special task is the competent combination of one main sphere with five side ones. The finished result of the project largely depends on the designer’s imagination and your personal preferences.

Source greenadaptability.wordpress.com

The first spherical buildings appeared in Byzantium, and the Eskimos began to create their homes in conditions of extremely low temperatures many years ago. From this we can draw a simple conclusion - in ancient times, round-shaped houses were no less popular than today, but then a more durable material was used for their construction - natural stone.

The northern peoples were the first to notice that spherical buildings have high wind resistance and earthquake resistance.

In 1951, American architect Richard Buckminster Fuller proposed using a spherical structure as a basis for the construction of residential buildings.

Source pinterest.com

Basic technologies for constructing domed houses

Today, there are several construction technologies by which domed houses are built; designs and prices, accordingly, also “play” in one direction or another, depending on the construction method. They can be made of materials such as brick, monolith, foam concrete, polystyrene foam and even clay. Moreover, buildings made of brick, monolith and foam concrete are not much different from standard structures of residential buildings. Technologies for the construction of domed houses are classified into construction:

based on geodetic sphere;

based on a pneumatic frame;

based on permanent formwork.

One of the most common technologies for constructing a spherical house is the combined use of polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam - in this case, the construction of the building is carried out using Japanese method. However, such houses require additional manipulations to ensure year-round living.

Source novate.ru

The most budget-friendly and closest to standard conditions is the technology for constructing domed houses, based on frame method buildings. As experts note, for this kind of buildings you can use a frame made of almost any material (with sufficient strength and service life). To connect parts, connectors of various modifications and sizes are used.

Source aquagroup.ru

What foundation is suitable for a domed house?

You have decided on a site for the construction of a construction project, have decided that it will be a dome house, have drawn up a planning project with established sizes, which means it’s time to move on to building the foundation.

Its construction requires preliminary preparation - it is necessary to mark the site, determine the zero mark and other parameters (for these purposes we recommend using a level - a geodetic device for determining the difference in heights). You should not neglect the help of professionals in the field of geodetic work.

The very essence of domed housing construction implies the absence of ceilings and load-bearing supports. This not only provides up to 30% savings on wall and ceiling materials: the structure becomes lightweight and does not require a massive foundation.

After all the preparatory work has been carried out, you should proceed to digging a trench under strip foundation(this is the best option for creating a domed house).

Source rmnt.ru

Also, a pile type of foundation is often used for a domed house.

Source: seattlehelpers.org

The strip foundation is reinforced concrete structure, equipped around the perimeter of the entire construction site. As a rule, such an installation consists of sheathing (reinforcement mesh) and frozen concrete mixture. To create the sheathing, reinforcement with a diameter of 12 mm with wire binding is suitable. Next, the cement-sand mortar is poured.

When choosing the depth of the trench, keep in mind that the foundation should be located in the place where the soil freezes (this is below zero level at 1500 mm).

During construction pile foundation To build a domed house, as a rule, screw, driven or concrete piles are used, depending on the quality of the soil.

Source designdachi.ru

Frame technology for a domed house

During construction, projects round house, most often imply the use of frame technology - it ensures ease of construction. The frame is assembled from special metal pipes or timber, after which the resulting structure is sheathed with sheet building materials ( OSB board or plywood). An insulating element (mineral wool, jute, expanded polystyrene) is placed in the layers between the sheets.

Monolithic reinforced concrete can also be used to construct the frame of a domed house. However, this method is used very rarely in our country, due to the lower price of lumber. And don’t forget about the need for good thermal insulation of the dome, which wood copes with much better than concrete.

Today, there are two options for the frame scheme of domed houses: creating a stratodesic or geodesic dome. Each of them has both advantages and disadvantages. In the process of creating a construction project, a more suitable frame model is selected.

Source pinterest.com

Source kapus.ru

Source sk-amigo.ru

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer house design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

The technology based on the construction of a frame in the form of a triangular hemisphere is the most popular in the construction of domed houses. The frame is constructed from wooden triangular blocks of the same size.

Video description

For an overview of the domed house, watch the video:

For exterior finishing, pressed cellulose impregnated with bitumen is used, but other materials can be used, as long as they are waterproof. The inside of the frame is covered with boards, and mineral wool is used as insulation. During construction, some triangles are left open, after which similar-shaped frames with double-glazed windows are installed in them.

Source domasfera.ru

Technology for constructing a domed house based on a pneumatic frame

The method of constructing a spherical house based on a pneumatic frame is distinguished by an unusual and rather complex technology, and requires the use of special equipment and equipment, due to which the time for building a house is reduced to a minimum.

The foundation for such a house is made of strip or slab. The frame is a dome made of metal rods connected to each other by welding.

This technology must involve a prefabricated pneumatic frame. It is made individually and, when inflated, completely follows the contours of the inner surface of the dome. In those places where windows and doors should be, the frame has protrusions of a given shape and size. Manufacturing a pneumatic frame is the most expensive and complex stage of construction, but since the technology cuts construction costs in half, its price is fully recouped.

Source gr.pinterest.com

The pneumatic frame is inflated from the inside of the metal sheathing, after which a cement-polymer mortar, shotcrete or polystyrene foam is sprayed on the outside using special equipment. The main material of the dome is applied in layers, with breaks for each layer to harden. I do the same on the inside of the dome, and after the walls have completely hardened, they begin finishing.

Source remoo.ru

Features of the planning and interior design of a spherical residential building

The layout of a domed house has a number of differences from the rectangular structure we are used to. However, this does not at all limit home owners in choosing the design of the room. On the contrary, the unusual appearance of the room allows you to implement the most extraordinary interior solutions.

Source argo-project.ru

Some decorative elements and it is better to make furniture to order, as most products are designed to be placed against walls standard parameters. Great solution There will be semicircular paintings and upholstered frameless furniture.

For a living room or office, wooden furniture will be suitable, which will exactly follow the curves of the walls, which will give the room an even more unusual ambiance.

When installing communication systems, consider the shape interior walls, as well as the technical and operational properties of the finishing materials used.

A fireplace is an integral attribute of the living room. In spherical houses, it is best to place the fireplace in the center of the room - if you want to retain all the incoming heat and solve the problem of the lack of a flat wall for mounting this interior element.

Source mypensia.ru

Photo examples of interior design in domed houses

Interior of a domed house with three bedrooms, one of which is on the second floor Source mediarenet.ro

Semicircular staircase shapes and kitchen furniture fit perfectly into the interior of a domed house Source pinterest.com

Source mydomplus.ru

Source pinterest.com

Source stroygram.ru

Source sk-amigo.ru

Source pinterest.ru

Examples of domed house layouts

The photo below is an example of the layout of a small domed house. There is a fairly spacious living room where you can spend family evenings and welcome guests. The kitchen is small, combined with a dining room, and the border between the place for preparing and eating food and the living room is represented by a bar counter - a modern piece of furniture that will undoubtedly appeal to a young family.

Video description

Watch the video for the experience of people living in a domed house:

The house also has a bathroom and a large bedroom on the first floor. The staircase to the second floor is located to the right of the entrance to the house, which is also very convenient. If there are living rooms on the second floor, the owners will not have to walk through the entire house to get to the second floor.

It is noteworthy that there is a fireplace in the center of the house, where you can spend long winter evenings with your family. This house is suitable for a family of three.

Source izhevsk.ru

In the next photo of the living room, located immediately at the entrance from the hallway, we highlighted less space, because the bedroom here is simply huge. It is located on the right side of the house, and one of its walls borders the bathroom, which is combined with a bathroom.

On the left side of the house there is a kitchen-dining room with access to a technical room or storage room. The staircase here is also located in the living room to the right of the entrance. If you arrange two more bedrooms on the second floor, then such a house will be perfect for a family of four.

Source krsk.au.ru

The layout of the house in the next photo is perfect for a family of two or three people. The entrance to the house is equipped with a porch from which you can enter small hallway, and then into the living room, located on the left side of the house. On the same side there is a kitchen combined with a dining room and a bathroom. A large fireplace borders the kitchen and living room.

On the right side of the house there are two bedrooms, one of which larger area, intended for married couples. A small bedroom can be equipped for a child. The staircase to the second floor, leading to a cozy office, is located to the right of the entrance to the living room.

Source sk-amigo.ru

Advantages and disadvantages of domed houses

In addition to the unique external characteristics, the dome house has a number of undeniable advantages:

affordable price;

no massive concrete platform required;

savings on assembly speed;

minimum construction waste;

not a lot of building materials are required for a dome house;

square outer surface domed buildings have less, and the internal volume of space is larger (corners are cut off), due to this, heat loss in winter and absorption in summer are reduced;

Video description

Watch the video for the construction of a domed house:

strength, increased seismic resistance, excellent aerodynamics;

the dome can withstand high snow loads;

good sound insulation and ventilation;

originality and aesthetics top level;

excellent light characteristics.

Source pinterest.ru

Experts include the following disadvantages of domed houses:

there are very few professional companies on the Russian market, the topic is quite new, enthusiastic dome builders are just trying to conquer our country;

experience in calculations and absolute accuracy in the manufacture of parts is required;

suppliers of high-quality raw materials are “worth their weight in gold”; good lumber is difficult to find;

period beneficial use houses are inferior to stone and block buildings;

non-standard windows, made to special order, certain difficulties during installation.

But these disadvantages quickly disappear if you do not try to build a house yourself, but immediately contact construction company, which has proven itself well in the construction market. This way you will save a lot of time and effort, and in the end you will get a high-quality domed house in which you will live cozy and comfortable. And the specialists will definitely take into account all your wishes regarding the layout.

Source kapus.ru

Photo examples of spherical houses

Two-level house based on a stratodesic dome with shingle cladding Source proteh.org

Domed house with wood elements exterior decoration Source pinterest.com

Source lenta.ru

Source kapus.ru

Original solution: a domed house in the shape of a flying saucer Source stroygram.ru

Source stroygram.ru

Source stroygram.ru

Source svoya-izba.ru

Complex, but beautiful and original project dome structure Source pinterest.com

Conclusion

Considering domed houses as permanent housing, the projects and prices for them can be sorted out endlessly, because, despite the fact that such buildings appeared on the construction market relatively recently, there is no limit to the variety of projects. You can choose the simplest domed house for yourself; projects of such buildings are inexpensive, or create a special one, according to your own wishes and preferences. For example, you can take Dobrosfera domed houses, projects and prices; photos of each of them can be viewed in more detail on the website. And professional architects and designers will be happy to help you with this.