Among all types finishing painting the ceiling with water-based paint is the most common option. But what is typical, when it comes to this method, for some reason they mean exclusively a concrete floor with a surface prepared to an ideal state. But this is not so.

Eat different materials bases for which painting with water-based paint is, if not the only, then one of the main types of finishing:

• ceilings with a leveling layer of plaster or putty;
• concrete floors in “pure” form;
• false ceilings made of wood;
• suspended plasterboard systems;
• glass wallpaper;
• stretch fabric ceilings.

From which one option goes speech, the list of works at the initial stage depends.

Preparing the concrete base

Technologically, the most difficult type of work is leveling the floor to an ideal smooth surface. The full cycle looks like this:

• remove the old coating: wash off the whitewash, peel off the paint or remove the wallpaper;
• for plastered ceilings - remove crumbling areas and strengthen with deep penetration primer;
• clean off traces of rust (if they appear from a nearby surface of the reinforcement) and treat the area with an anti-corrosion compound;
• if there is fungus or mold, then carry out full cycle treatment, up to the removal of the entire infected area of ​​plaster or putty;
• level the entire surface thin layer finishing mortar, which is sanded after drying;
• clean the surface with a vacuum cleaner;
• primed.

Preparation for painting looks much easier concrete floor for interior in loft style. It just needs to be cleaned of any type of finish, including the layer of plaster. And then from the entire list of works, only one thing falls out - leveling the surface. But it is precisely this that is the most labor-intensive and difficult when performing ceiling repairs.

Wooden ceilings

Many interior styles use wood ceilings. And not all of them are coated with clear varnish (with or without tinting - it doesn’t matter). Designers often resort to painting hem (or hanging) wooden ceiling colored water-based paints for wood. For example, in the Provence style - this is any pastel shade blue, light green or beige.

There are also two options for preparing to paint a wooden ceiling with water-based paint yourself.

In the first case, the boards or slats are sanded, a layer of colorless wood primer (with antiseptic properties) is applied and painted. Unlike concrete or plaster, here there can be only one layer of paint so that the texture of natural wood appears through it.

In the second case, you can do without grinding. For example, when used for cladding unedged boards in the interior " country style", "loft" or rustic.

Suspended plasterboard ceilings

This type also requires leveling the surface, although this is one of the purposes of the structure itself.

It is necessary to putty either part of the surface or the entire ceiling.

But first you need to strengthen the seams and corner connections sheets (for multi-level ceilings), so that cracks do not appear on the decorative layer of paint. At flat joints this is done using serpyanka tape, at ribs - with a perforated corner.

Partial puttying of the surface is carried out for simple painting of the ceiling. In this case, the points of attachment of the gypsum boards to the profiles and the reinforcement points are covered and leveled to the general level.

It is recommended to completely putty the surface when covering the ceiling with wallpaper for painting. Although this is not necessary. The only advantage is that this technique makes it possible to remove the entire top decorative layer during the next repair, keeping the drywall itself intact.

Preparation for painting glass wallpaper and fabric ceilings

Perhaps these are the two simplest options.

If glass wallpaper was once glued, then the task is how to update the ceiling painted with water-based paint. In this case, on initial stage Either dry cleaning is carried out to remove dust, or wet cleaning is carried out to remove more severe dirt. Primer application is necessary if new color very different from before.

Painting a fabric stretch ceiling is often used for both new and old fabric.

In the first case, the reason is the small palette of the source material, which is limited to light matte shades. And if for design reasons you need a rich or bright color, That fabric cloth paint. Manufacturers claim that this can be done 4-5 times.

The same motivation most often applies to painting an old stretch ceiling. Although this same method allows you not only to change the color to a new one, but also to restore the old one if it has been damaged in some places.

And for fabric ceilings the entire preparation procedure consists of dry or wet cleaning of the coating.

Types of paint

There are four main types of paint that use water as a solvent:

• Polyvinyl acetate.

Already from the name it is clear that the same group of polymers as PVA glue is used as a binder. This is the least expensive category, but the least durable. Paints are afraid of water and high humidity, they quickly fade and begin to “peele”.

• Silicate.

Another group, related in its binding to the glue of the same name. They belong to mineral water-soluble paints. Supplied in the form of two components - the dry part containing pigments and potassium liquid glass. They have good adhesion to all mineral surfaces, so they are often used when painting cement (cement-lime), gypsum or silicate plaster and concrete. The coating is characterized by good vapor permeability and resistance to moisture.

• Silicone.

They have good hiding power and elasticity - can be applied even without a primer layer. Excellent vapor permeability is combined with resistance to fungal attack. The main area of ​​use is the coloring of mineral substrates operating in high humidity. Limits wide application the price is the highest among water-soluble paints.

• Acrylic.

One of the most popular and durable. They are versatile - suitable for any type of base. Due to the drying properties of the hydroxyl group, the structure of the film is akin to crystalline - with high strength and resistance to any type of impact. The pigments are not on the surface, but inside the layer, so the effect of coloring is created in the mass - the coating does not fade, does not wash off, does not wear off. Additives are responsible for adhesion and determine the degree of gloss.

Among them may be latex, which increases the elasticity of the film and its resistance to temperature changes - this type is used for painting fabric stretch ceilings.

Technologies and tools

To create a “smooth” monochrome coating, a standard set of tools is used:

• brushes;
• rollers;
• spray gun.

The most even layer is obtained by using a spray gun. Usually they use diluted and strained paint, in a more “liquid form” than when working with a brush or roller. This reduces its coverage, so sometimes even the second layer is not enough. An exception is painting the ceiling with water-based paint over a layer of old paint of the same color.

The disadvantage of this method is the need to completely protect all surfaces and the entire “contents” of the room. It is not enough to cover only the adjacent part of the wall - a suspension of microscopic droplets will fall on any open object in the room. Therefore, it will not be possible to quickly “refresh” the ceiling - this method is good when carrying out a full-fledged repair: in empty room, with a standard top-down finishing sequence

If we talk about how to paint the ceiling correctly - only with a brush or only with a roller, then you need to use both types of tools in combination. They work in stages. First, “thinly”, painting corners and baseboards with a brush. Then paint the ceiling with water-based paint using a roller.

The first secret of painting is right direction brush and roller movements:

• For two layers. The first is across the ceiling relative to the window, the second is towards it. If the room has two walls with windows, then choose the interior door as a guide.
• For three layers. The first - towards the window, the second - across, the third - again along.

The second secret is to thoroughly mix all the paint and be sure to strain so that there are no lumps.

Third, if the ceiling area is large and you will have to use several cans of paint to paint several layers, then you need to make sure that they are all from the same batch. At least for the last layer.

How to paint a rough ceiling

How to evenly paint a rough ceiling surface? You don’t have to try to “repair” it to make it perfectly even. There are simpler and easier methods.

Decorative paints with three-dimensional texture. For example, multicolor. They consist of a colorless polymer binder and multi-colored soft particles. The paint is applied with a roller or brush, and then the grains of filler are “pressed” with a soft spatula.

The second method is to use decorative painting using a special tool. These can be embossed knurling rollers or sponges in the form of a set of sponges with large pores. In this case, two colors of paint are used: the first for the “base”, the second for the top layer.

Modern water-based materials can be used for painting any surfaces, including in rooms with high humidity, where previously only oil paints could be used.

To obtain an even structure, the surface should be properly prepared by performing the following steps:

1. The whitewash or previous paint is removed. Before cleaning the surface of old materials with a spatula, it is necessary to treat the ceiling twice hot water, after which the old paint can be removed much easier;
2. The water-based emulsion can also be applied old paint, but before performing work it is necessary to wipe the ceiling with a damp cloth to remove dust and fine dirt. However, it should be remembered that in this case it will not be possible to achieve a perfectly flat surface;
3. After the ceiling is freed from old materials, small cracks and holes are puttyed; large cracks should be glued with a special cloth and plastered;
4. The prepared surface is leveled with special plaster compounds. Irregularities in the plaster are removed with sandpaper;
5. The final stage of preparation is applying primer.

After the primer solution has dried, the main work begins.

Required tools and materials

High-quality application of water-based emulsion is impossible without special tools. To perform work in the kitchen, room, bathroom or toilet, purchase:

• Roller with faux fur skin;
• Brush-flutz. Required for painting corners and ceiling surfaces adjacent to the wall. The width of the brush should be from 7 to 10 cm;
• Rectangular container with a ribbed cuvette. Used to place a single portion of material and roll out a roller;
• Mixer. Required for mixing the water emulsion;
• Paper tape. With its help, you can protect the wall surface from the ingress of material during work;
• Overalls. You will need a hat, glasses and a set of clothes.

If it is necessary to apply different colors to the wall surface, it is recommended to use different instruments for each shade.

Selection and preparation of water-based paint

There are several types of paint of this type. Their difference lies in the presence of a basic substance, which determines the parameters for using this material.

• Acrylic paints have excellent resistance to abrasion when washed, are odorless, and are suitable for painting almost all types of premises. The cost is average.
• Latex paints are among the most expensive, but this drawback is compensated by improved properties. Surfaces painted with latex materials can be treated using household chemicals.
• Polyvinyl acetate paints are classified as inexpensive. Recommended exclusively for dry rooms; water should not be used for washing.
• A water-based emulsion based on silicate compounds is recommended for application to plastered surfaces or concrete.
• Silicone-based water emulsion is suitable for working in rooms with high humidity, as they have increased vapor permeability.

Almost all of these paints are produced in two types: with the formation of a matte or glossy surface. To calculate how much paint is required, you need to know the area of ​​the ceiling and the paint consumption indicated on the label.

Which roller to use

How to paint a ceiling with water-based paint without streaks? Here, first of all, you should carefully approach the choice of tool. The simplest and most reliable device for receiving ideal surface the ceiling is a bolster. Next simple tips will help you decide which roller to paint the ceiling with water-based paint.

It is advisable to select a tool with a long handle, which allows you to carry out work without using a stepladder. The fastening of the device must be reliable so that when force is applied, the tool does not change its position.

There are many types of roller sandpaper, but for painting the ceiling it is recommended to use only faux fur sandpaper (pile length from 10 to 12 mm). The sandpaper should sit tightly on the base, and the joint should not stand out, and it is good when it is made tangentially.

Padding

Painting the ceiling with water-based paint begins with applying primer to a previously prepared surface. Many people ignore this mandatory process, which leads to uneven coverage and streaks.

The primer improves the adhesion of the water-based emulsion to the plastered surface, as a result, the appearance of bubbles, microcracks, stains and mold can be avoided. This preparation also increases the length of time the ceiling retains its appearance after painting.

The surface must be primed with special compounds (primers), which are selected based on the composition of the water emulsion. Thus, acrylic primer is used for acrylic paint, and silicone primer is used for silicone paint.

At least three layers of primer are applied to the concrete surface, and for plastered ceilings it will be enough to walk over the surface twice.

If special compounds are not available, you can use the water-based emulsion itself to prepare the primer. To do this, you need to dilute the material in the following proportions: water emulsion - 1 part, water - 2 parts.

Coloring instructions

There are several ways to whiten a ceiling with water-based paint without streaks; various tools are used for this purpose.

Painting with a roller

You can get excellent ceiling coloring using a roller. This option is quite economical, and even a beginner can cope with the whole process. Enough to stick the following tips, which explain how to paint with this tool step by step:

1. Before painting, the room is prepared for work. It is advisable to glue the wall at the junction with the ceiling with paper tape so that the water emulsion does not get on the wall;
2. Objects in the room should be covered with paper or film;
3. Mix the material thoroughly, especially if white base color dye is added;
4. For the initial layer, a material of a thicker consistency is prepared than for subsequent layers;
5. If small particles are found during mixing, you will have to strain the entire volume of paint through gauze so that the surface of the ceiling is free of flaws;
6. A strip 8-10 cm wide is applied along the perimeter of the ceiling with a brush;
7. The prepared material is poured into a container suitable for the size of the roller. A piece is used for rolling flat plywood, but it is more effective to use special containers equipped with a ribbed cuvette, which allow you to evenly saturate the tool with paint;
8. Painting is carried out from the corner in stripes 40-50 cm wide. Initial layer Apply parallel to the window, followed by perpendicular. When working, maintain an inclination angle of 45 degrees. Painting of the next strip is carried out with an overlap on the previous one (about 100 mm is covered);
9. It is necessary to take into account the drying time of the material (up to 20 minutes), so the entire amount of work should be done quickly, without being distracted by rest;
10. The quality of painting can be checked in good lighting, and if daylight not enough, use a powerful flashlight;
11. Each new layer can be applied only after completely dry previous, usually no earlier than 12 hours after completion of work;
12. Irregularities are sanded with fine-grained sandpaper, after which another leveling layer of paint is applied.

Painting in 2 layers.
Painting in 3 layers.

Spray painting

Using a paint sprayer allows you to get an even painting of the ceiling, while the worker makes a minimum of effort. The disadvantages of this technology include fairly high requirements for the power of the spray gun or spray gun.

An apparatus for spraying water-based paint must have a special compressor that is capable of creating the necessary pressure to force a fairly thick liquid through the nozzle.

How to paint a ceiling with water-based paint using a spray gun correctly:

1. To facilitate this process, diluting the emulsion with water is often used. The water-based emulsion should be diluted in a ratio of one to one, as a result of which at least three layers of thinner paint will need to be applied to obtain a beautiful coating;
2. Before starting work, it is recommended to adjust the sprayer on an unnecessary flat surface (a piece of plywood or drywall) to achieve the required coverage;
3. Noticeable boundaries of the joining layers should be rubbed with fine sandpaper so that when applying the second layer this defect will be eliminated;
4. Paint is sprayed at a distance of 50-55 cm from the surface to be painted; it is advisable to maintain a perpendicular inclination of the nozzle to the ceiling;
5. The material is applied in squares, covering the surface first along, then across. You should move to the next area without delay to prevent excessive accumulation of material in one place. It is better not to completely paint the area, since this drawback can be eliminated by covering the defect with subsequent layers, and a thick layer will have to be cleaned and the entire volume redone.

Painting with a brush

It is possible to paint the ceiling using a brush, but the result will certainly be disappointing. It will not be possible to avoid stains and uneven paintability of the surface.

Repairs made with a brush are possible in non-residential premises, such as closets, but you will have to put up with increased paint consumption, since drops of material, even with the most careful control, will flow from the tool onto the floor.

How to avoid stains

Obtaining an ideal ceiling structure when painting is achieved not only by the correct technique for applying the material to the surface, but also by preliminary preparation of the room. You need to do the following:

• Turn off the heating or insulate the radiators by wrapping them with thick material.
• Close all windows to prevent drafts.
• Good lighting should be provided to monitor the quality of work.

When painting with a roller, you must be at an angle of 45 degrees to the ceiling surface. This position allows you to control the uniformity of application of the material. Each subsequent strip should overlap slightly (up to 10 cm) with the previous strip, and the time between applying the first and second strip should not exceed 20 minutes. If you apply the material on a dry surface, the border will be visible.

Any mistakes made are corrected with fine-grained sandpaper, and then applied finishing layer paints.

Video on the topic

The most common way to decorate a ceiling is to whitewash or paint it. And the most used paint for this is water-based paint. Painting the ceiling with water-based paint at first glance seems simple, but there are many subtleties, ignorance of which leads to the appearance of spots or streaks. We will tell you further how to avoid such troubles.

Preparing for painting

In order for self-painting of the ceiling with water-based paint to be high-quality and uniform, preliminary preparation of the ceiling is necessary. Uniform coloring can only be achieved on a flat, puttied surface. Therefore, before starting work, you need to clean the ceiling from any previous coating (with the exception of water-based emulsion, which holds up very well).

How to remove whitewash

If you have whitewash on the ceiling - chalk or lime - you need to moisten the ceiling with water and remove the coating with a spatula. They clean everything down to concrete. Even the smallest fragments must be removed. Sometimes it is very inconvenient to scrape small areas with a spatula; it is easier to do this with a wet cloth.

In any case, after removing the whitewash, the ceiling must be washed with water and detergent. After complete drying, prime and putty with gypsum or cement (preferably white) putty until smooth, which is also called “egg-like.”

How to remove old water emulsion

If the ceiling has already been painted with water-based emulsion, you won’t be able to simply remove it. The procedure depends on how the paint adheres to the ceiling. If it just changed color and you need to renew the ceiling, there are no swelling, cracks or other similar problems, you can get by with a little blood. First, remove the dust (with a cloth and water), dry it, then prime it. After the primer has dried, you can paint it. But once again we draw attention to the fact that this procedure is used only if the water-based emulsion holds well and there are no defects.

Cleaning waterproof emulsion from the ceiling is still a pleasure

If there are cracks or swellings on the surface of the water-based emulsion, it must be cleaned off. There are two ways - dry and wet. Dry means cleaning with sandpaper (manually or using an angle grinder), wet means rinsing off. This method must be used for paint that is not afraid of water. But it is very difficult to remove such paint. If the water-based paint holds up well, no tricks help, but there are surface defects and putty is needed, take sandpaper with a coarse grain and make the surface rough. After this you can putty. Next - according to technology: we prime and then paint.

Wash off the ceiling painted with water-based emulsion by moistening it twice with plenty of hot water. The water should be almost boiling water - about 70°C. After wetting part of the ceiling, wait 10 minutes, then wet the same area again with hot water. After about five minutes you can remove the paint with a spatula.

Removing old paint is a lengthy process

You can repeat this procedure several times, gradually removing loose paint from the ceiling. Small residues can be sanded off, and then the ceiling can be washed, dried and primed. You can putty and sand over the primer, smoothing out imperfections.

Types of water-based paint

Water-based paint is a water-based emulsion that contains polymer particles undissolved in water. The composition also includes pigments and various additives that change the characteristics of the final product. After applying the paint, active evaporation of water occurs and a thin polymer film remains on the surface.

Painting the ceiling with water-based paint begins with choosing the composition. They use four types of polymers:

• Acrylic. An aqueous emulsion based on acrylic resins allows you to obtain flat surface, has good hiding power, hides small surface defects, even cracks up to 1 mm wide. Its disadvantage is its high price, but it is easier to work with. IN pure form acrylic compounds are hygroscopic and can only be used in dry rooms, but they do not interfere with the passage of steam. To create a waterproof film, latex is added to the acrylic water-based emulsion. The same additive increases the elasticity of the dried film. Such compositions can be used in damp areas.

  

  Water emulsion on acrylic base- a smart choice

• Silicates. This type of water-based paint is based on liquid glass. The coating is resistant to precipitation and does not interfere with the release of vapors, has a long service life (10 years or more), and can be used for outdoor work.

  

  Silicate paints are vapor-tight

• Minerals - lime or cement. Mineral water-based emulsions have good adhesion to any surface, but are quickly washed off. As a result, they are gradually losing popularity.

  

• Silicone. Silicone-based water emulsions are the latest achievement in the industry. These compositions are good because they “tighten” cracks up to 2 mm thick. As a result, the surface painted by them, even without excellent preparation It turns out even and smooth. The film turns out dense, but vapor-permeable. Silicone water-based emulsion can be used to paint ceilings in bathrooms and other wet areas. The disadvantage of this type of paint is its high price.

  

Latex can be added to any of the compositions. Latex water-based paint is water-repellent. It is not afraid of moisture and can be used in damp rooms.

Based on the main characteristics of these compositions, you can choose for yourself best type water-based paint. Each case requires its own properties and “ best water emulsion“—it’s different every time.

What primer to use

A primer is necessary for better adhesion of the paint to the surface being painted. It allows you to avoid the appearance of cracks and blisters after the paint dries. If there is no primer, this can happen. You'll have to clean everything off and putty again. Because in order for painting the ceiling with water-based paint to be of high quality, the surface must be well primed.

The base of the primer should match the base paint. Acrylic water-based paint requires the same primer; silicone paint requires a silicone-based primer, etc. Moreover, it is advisable not to save: the quality of this composition determines how smoothly the water-based emulsion will lie on the ceiling.

Eat economical way primers: the base paint is diluted with water (1 to 2) and the surfaces are painted with this mixture a couple of times. It's certainly better than nothing, but the primer gives a better grip.

How to paint a ceiling with water-based emulsion with your own hands

Each of the water-based paints has instructions for use on the can. The operating procedure is described there. Some compositions just need to be stirred well before use: undissolved polymers may settle at the bottom of the jar. Some formulations require dilution. The amount of water added is also specified in the instructions and depends on the application method. For spray guns, the dilution is stronger; when using a roller, thicker formulations are required.

When diluting the emulsion with water, add it in small portions. Stir thoroughly and try on a surface area. If the paint goes on evenly and almost completely covers the base, you can paint.

It is more convenient to pour the paint into a special container with a tray and a ribbed platform. You can use a regular basin and a clean piece of oilcloth spread nearby. It's not as convenient, but less expensive.

Which roller to choose

A roller for painting the ceiling with water-based emulsion is needed with dense short pile. You need to examine him carefully. The pile should “sit” tightly and under no circumstances should it “climb out”, even if you pull on it. Then inspect how the seam is made. Under no circumstances should he stand out. It must be difficult to find. It is best if it is made obliquely.

Pay maximum attention to choosing a roller: the quality of painting - the absence of stripes on the ceiling - largely depends on how good a tool you have chosen. It is more convenient to whiten the ceiling with water-based emulsion not from a stepladder, but from the floor. To do this, the roller is placed on a long handle and secured well.

How to paint without streaks

To avoid streaks on the ceiling, painting the ceiling with water-based paint should be completed no later than in 20 minutes. Immediately after application, water begins to actively absorb/evaporate and stripes appear at the junction of the dried and “fresh” paint. Therefore, it is advisable to prepare the room. It is necessary to turn off (wrap up) the heating radiators and prevent a draft. It is also advisable to wash the floor immediately before whitewashing; even if you work during the day, turn on the lighting, this will allow you to better control the quality of the paint. Afterwards you can start working.

Ready-to-use water-based paint is poured into a container, a roller is dipped into it, then rolled well over the site, achieving uniform distribution over the entire surface. When the roller has a uniform color, they begin to paint.

The corners are painted first with a brush. After applying a little paint, take a small roller and roll it out well. Then they begin to paint the main surface. The first layer is applied parallel to the window, the second - perpendicular.

You need to stand so that you look at the area to be painted at an angle. This will give you a good look at how evenly the paint has spread, as well as where you have already painted and where you haven't. Move systematically, without jumping from one piece to another.

The width of the strip painted at a time is slightly larger than the width of the roller. After wetting the roller, place it approximately in the middle of the strip. Quickly roll the paint in both directions from one wall to the other. Don't waste a lot of time: you don't have much of it. On average, the water emulsion dries in 10-20 seconds. If you didn’t have time to apply the strip next to it before, the border will be clearly visible, which you won’t get rid of. Having distributed the paint more or less evenly over the strip, dip the roller into the paint and roll it out again from the middle of the ceiling. At the same time, go beyond the already painted strip by about 10 cm. All this at a good pace without stops and smoke breaks. The edges of the painted strip should not dry out. In general, these are all the rules.

After applying the first coat of paint, some areas may not be painted as well. You need to wait for it to dry completely and paint it a second time. This should already be enough to obtain a flat surface. If even after the third layer of water-based paint you still have streaks and stains on the ceiling, you will have to redo it again. It is necessary to level the surface with sandpaper, prime it again and paint again.

What color

The easiest way to achieve perfect evenness is to use “snow-white” paint. All pigments clearly highlight even small irregularities, so you need to pay maximum attention to the process or use an acrylic or silicone-based water emulsion.

Repair work related to finishing ceiling structure, are of particular importance, since this surface is always visible, so any defect will be immediately visible. Ceiling finishing can be done using the most different colors, but the most popular today is water-based, as it is not only easy to use, but also safe. But do not forget that this paint has its own characteristics, which consist not only in its composition, but also in the methods of application to the surface.

Features of the coloring composition

The main component of water-based paint is water. It is in it that particles of the substance are dissolved. Some give a tint to the surface: these are pigments, while others contribute to the formation protective film. After applying the composition to the surface, the water evaporates and the substances dissolved in it form a durable film.

The composition of paint can include a variety of substances, improving properties specific type. Thickeners, antiseptics, antifreezes, defoamers and other additives are used as additives.

Source white most often is zinc oxide. Sometimes titanium dioxide is added. Inexpensive brands use chalk, as many years ago. Minerals such as barite, calcite, mica, and talc are also used as dyes. IN modern colors As a rule, minerals can be added in combination, thus improving the properties of the paint.

All water-based paints have a percentage of incoming substances, where the share of film formers is 50%, the share of pigments and fillers is 37%, plasticizers are 7%, and other additives are about 6%.

Varieties

Today, there are several types of water-based paint.

The most inexpensive are those that contain a substance such as polyvinyl acetate. Emulsion based on polyvinyl acetate is used mainly in rooms with low level humidity, since this composition does not tolerate moisture well: the surface treated with it cannot be washed.

For concrete and stone areas, paint containing liquid glass is used. This type refers to silicate paints.

Paints based on silicone are capable of smoothing surfaces with small cracks (up to 2 mm) without pre-treatment. The ceiling treated with silicone paint is resistant to water, so it can be used for the kitchen or bathroom.

Emulsions containing acrylic resins are suitable for any surface. The ceiling will turn into a flat surface, resistant to moisture and temperature changes. The composition of acrylic paints allows you to hide small cracks, and the surface itself is resistant to the effects of gentle detergents.

How to choose?

In order to choose the right paint, you need to pay attention to its characteristics indicated by the manufacturer on the can with this composition.

Manufacturers usually indicate the composition of the paint and the type of material for which it is intended. There are different types of emulsions for surfaces made of concrete, brick, stone, wood and plasterboard. The most universal is acrylic paint. It is suitable for treating any surface, including painting ceiling tiles. After all, it is not always possible or desirable to change the ceiling surface completely; sometimes it is enough just to update it, and paint with acrylic resins will cope with this task perfectly.

Manufacturers always indicate in the annotation for which rooms the paint is suitable. Here, the level of humidity in the room and the degree of required resistance of the surface to detergents play a big role. Antiseptic and antifungal components in the emulsion have great value, if the ceiling is located in a room with high humidity, which includes the bathroom. The presence of these components will protect the ceiling surface from mold and will extend its service life.

The choice of paint also depends on how you can care for it. ceiling surface after dyeing. Manufacturers produce three types of composition, on which the method of caring for the ceiling surface depends.

The composition that forms the washable coating is unsuitable for wet cleaning, so care for such a ceiling can only be carried out with a dry cloth or vacuum cleaner. The remaining two types of leave-in formulations are well tolerated wet cleaning. One type of composition does not tolerate the effects of detergents, so the ceiling surface is cleaned with plain water. And the other composition is resistant to cleaning agents, so the ceiling can be washed using a suitable product.

When choosing an emulsion, the degree of gloss of the ceiling surface is of no small importance.

Manufacturers produce a wide variety of paints that give the surface a matte, semi-matte, deep matte, glossy and semi-gloss finish.

The matte surface is suitable option for rooms where it is necessary to visually increase the ceiling height.

It also helps hide some small flaws in the ceiling. But it is worth remembering that caring for such a ceiling is somewhat more difficult than caring for a glossy one. Glossy surface It has a more presentable appearance, lasts longer, but any defect is noticeable on it. The golden mean is to choose an emulsion that gives a semi-matte or semi-gloss surface to the ceiling.

Coverability (density) depends not only on the composition of the paint, but also on the material being coated with the emulsion. The more uneven and loose the structure of the material, the more mixture will be needed to cover the ceiling surface.

When buying more than one can of paint, you should pay attention to the batch number: it affects the shade of the mixture. All purchased cans must have the same number to eliminate different shades on the ceiling surface.

Required Tools

To paint and prepare the ceiling surface, you will need to purchase a number of tools, which you cannot do without during all the work.

The main tool for applying the coating is a paint roller. From the right choice This tool depends on the quality of the coating.

Today there are many rollers of various sizes and materials. Foam rollers are least suitable for applying paint, since bubbles can form on the ceiling surface due to the porosity of the material. A rotating velor base allows you to use the mixture economically, but such rollers require ideal surface preparation.

The best option is a roller with a fur base, where the pile can be either medium or higher middle length. A roller with a short pile is not able to absorb the required amount of paint, so you will have to dip it in paint more often. At the rollers with long pile the problem is different: they absorb too much emulsion. Because of this, smudges may form on the surface.

Rollers are used to paint a large surface area, and in order to paint hard to reach places(corners, seams, joints), it is better to use brushes of small width. As a rule, the width is sufficient pile base at 4 cm.

Paint can also be applied very convenient device– with a spray gun. This tool It is not only convenient to use, but also allows you to apply a layer of paint fairly evenly and quickly.

But it is worth remembering that a spray gun is more expensive than a regular roller. If painting the ceiling is not your main activity, then it is better to limit yourself to purchasing cheaper tools.

Using a brush or roller, it is impossible to do without a cuvette. It helps to save paint. This container consists of two compartments. The paint is poured into one, and the other with a grooved side allows it to be distributed over the entire surface of the roller base. The paint lies evenly on the ceiling surface without smudges, the excess mixture remains in the ditch.

An important device when painting a ceiling is a stepladder. The presence of a stepladder allows you to get closer to the ceiling surface at the most convenient distance. But do not forget that the stepladder will have to be moved from time to time. To make work easier, you can use a special roller with a telescopic handle.

A stepladder or table paired with a stool will help not only with painting, but also with preparing the surface for it. A stable classic version of the table with four legs will perfectly support the weight of a person.

To prepare the ceiling surface you will need plastic film. By covering all surfaces and furniture that cannot be removed with it, you can avoid paint splashes.

Other tools may also be required for preparatory work. Cleaning and further preparation is carried out using a spatula, sandpaper, bucket and foam sponge.

Preparation

Before preparatory work You need to understand one rule: any old coating needs to be removed, since there is a high probability of the old paint peeling off when applying a new coating. Regardless of whether it holds up well or poorly old layer, and what kind of paint was on the ceiling.

Properly prepared ceiling covering is the key to an even, smooth surface without the slightest flaws. As preparatory measures, it is necessary, if possible, to remove the existing furniture in the room and cover the open surfaces with film or old newspapers. For fixation protective coatings can be used masking tape. Now you should start preparing the ceiling, using for this work suitable tools

How to clean the surface?

Ceiling cleaning is always done depending on the type of paint. The easiest to clean surfaces are those coated with water-based paints or covered with wallpaper. A ceiling coated with solvent-based paint is more difficult to clean, but the coating will still have to be removed.

Any cleaning should begin by dampening the surface using a roller or hand sprayer.

In order to remove the easily loose old layer, it is enough to keep the surface moist for 20-30 minutes. For hard-to-lagging layers, it is better to increase the humidification time, and to make the task easier, you can open the windows and doors in the room, creating a draft.

The swollen layer of paint must be cleaned off with a spatula. With solvent-based paints it will not be possible to quickly clean the surface; you will have to tinker. To make it easier, you can use solvents or other products that help treat this surface.

Afterwards, you need to wash off any remaining paint or wallpaper using water and a sponge. The dried surface should be carefully examined for the presence of various stains. To remove them, you can use effective means. These include a 3% solution of hydrochloric acid, a 5% solution copper sulfate and a composition that contains lime with denatured alcohol in an amount of 50 ml.

How to make the base even?

In order to level the ceiling surface and give it a smooth shape, you need to use fine-grained gypsum putty. It is flexible and adheres well to all materials. First you need to prime the ceiling. In addition, existing cracks must be filled with putty.

Next, you can proceed to the continuous application of putty. using a special wide spatula. A spatula is also used to remove the mixture from the container, but its surface has a narrower base than the main tool. Using a product with a narrow base, the mixture is scooped up and then transferred to the main tool. Only after this is applied to the ceiling surface.

At the end of the leveling process, you need to wait for the surface to dry. Afterwards you can start sanding the ceiling. For this work we use a special abrasive mesh, having small cells. Thanks to this cellular structure, the surface becomes even and very smooth.

Applying primer

Treating the ceiling surface before directly applying the emulsion is a necessity. The emulsion adheres better to the ceiling surface. In addition, the likelihood of defects such as cracks and swelling of the applied layer is eliminated.

Each emulsion has its own type of primer. The main substances involved in the formation of a film on the surface must be identical to the substances contained in the primer. But you can prepare a solution for priming the surface yourself. To do this, you simply need to dilute the prepared paint with water in equal proportions.

For 1 liter of paint, take 1 liter of water, mix everything thoroughly. You can start priming using a roller to larger area and a brush for corners and joints.

It is better to prime the surface several times. As a rule, two times is enough to prepare the ceiling for painting. After each primer, you must wait until the layer dries completely.

How to dilute the material?

Before painting, be sure to check the consistency of the mixture. Water-based paint is bottled by manufacturers into cans that indicate how much water should be added before use. As a rule, water should be added immediately before painting, after stirring the contents of the jar. The amount of water added to the container should not be more than 10% of total mass emulsions.

The degree of concentration also depends on the type of painting tools used. For a spray gun, you need to dilute the paint in larger quantities than for a regular roller or brush.

The process of mixing the mixture and diluting should occur slowly and gradually. Water is poured into the container in small portions and mixed thoroughly. There should be no clots or lumps in the mixture. Before painting the main surface, it is advisable to check the consistency of the prepared emulsion small area. Only then can you begin the main painting.

There is an indicator that affects the cost of work and the density of the layer. U different types emulsions have their own consumption per 1 m2.

This table shows the consumption for the first layer applied to the ceiling surface. The second layer requires less paint, so all the above indicators have lower values:

Dyeing technology

By observing certain rules and following step by step instructions, you can achieve high-quality coating of the ceiling surface with your own hands.

Any painting, as a rule, starts from a certain place. The ceiling surface is no exception. In this case, you first need to paint the joints ceiling slab with the wall, starting from the far corner relative to the door. To do this, you need to use a brush with paint to walk around the perimeter of the surface. The width of the painted surface should be at least 5 cm. This margin will protect problem areas from excess paint.

The main stage of work is carried out in three passes. It depends on the direction in which the layer will be laid. appearance surfaces.

The main application of the layer should begin perpendicular to window opening. The starting point is at the window. In the next stage, paint should be applied in a different direction, namely parallel to the window. The final application of the layer should be carried out in the direction of the window, starting from the doorway.

After applying the first layer of emulsion, it is necessary to wait a certain time. As a rule, the ceiling surface dries for at least 8-12 hours. The second layer should not be applied before a certain period of time.

When drying the ceiling, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of sunlight hitting the surface. In addition, during this period it is worth taking care that there are no drafts, otherwise stains may form on the surface and the ceiling will have to be repainted.

Do not forget that using additional heating devices to speed up drying will lead to disastrous results. It is optimal to dry under natural conditions.

The step-by-step process of painting the ceiling is as follows:

1. A small amount of paint, mixed and brought to a certain consistency, is poured from the jar into the cuvette. The prepared roller is wetted in the mixture and then passed over the grooved surface to evenly distribute the composition.
2. The layer application begins from the far corner, located on the left side relative to the window opening. Carefully paint the ceiling. After the first approach, we change direction, while simultaneously monitoring the quality of the layer. A correctly applied layer should be uniform, without visible transitions.
3. If excess paint appears on the surface, it can be removed by rolling a roller along the grooved surface of the cuvette.
4. Before the third time, you can replace the rotating part of the roller with a new one. This will help improve the quality of the layer.

Is it possible to paint over whitewash?

Very often people have a question: is it possible to paint the ceiling surface if there is an old layer of whitewash on it that adheres well? How will the new emulsion layer form? Will it last for a long time?

It is better to clean the surface of the old layer, but if it is of low density and holds strong enough, and the surface itself is free of defects, then the ceiling can be painted without removing the previous layer. This approach to surface painting will even allow you to save not only cash, but also the time required to apply the second layer of emulsion.

But there are some nuances that need to be taken into account before applying paint. It is worth applying a primer to the old layer for better adhesion.

It makes no sense to paint the ceiling over old whitewash if there are even small spots of rust or ordinary stains on it.

Thick layer old whitewash It's best to scrape it off to prevent the new coat of paint from peeling or peeling off.

Painting a ceiling takes a lot of time, so every person wants the process itself to be completed without additional waste of money and effort, and to be pleased with the result. But excesses sometimes still happen. In order to prevent some mistakes, there are a number of recommendations, following which you can avoid many problems.

In order to paint the ceiling without streaks and unsightly stripes, you need to watch the time. It is better to allocate no more than 20 minutes for painting the surface.

After this time, the water contained in the emulsion begins to evaporate rapidly, and visible transitions may form at the joints of the dried layer.

Availability good lighting makes it possible to view the painted surface from any angle. You need to turn on the lighting even in daytime. This way you can control where the paint is applied without even missing small plot. It is also worth remembering about the heating system; it is better to cover the radiators.

But sometimes the paint is unevenly distributed over the surface, after which areas with shades different from the rest of the surface are formed. To avoid such an error, it is imperative to observe the direction when painting.

You should not immediately correct such an oversight: you need to wait time and let the layer dry. Only then can you paint over problem areas.

Repeated painting is not always able to correct the situation, so sometimes you have to clean problem areas with sandpaper. Only a new coat of paint will help to refresh the surface. If all efforts are in vain, then you will have to repaint the ceiling again, and clean and wash the surface again before painting.

To learn how to properly prepare and paint a ceiling with water-based paint, watch the following video.

The problem of how to paint a ceiling with water-based paint, commonly called water-based paint, remains relevant today, despite the emergence of many newer and modern finishing materials.

Water emulsion - what kind is it?

For many decades in a row, water-based paint has been the most popular finishing option for ceiling surfaces. Everyone liked its versatility and high environmental friendliness, as well as the ability to choose the desired shade for interior design.

Ceilings painted with water-based emulsion retain their appearance for a long time. aesthetic appearance, and caring for them is as simple as possible. At the same time, the cost of such paint is low, which reduces the cost of repair work.

A water emulsion is a suspension consisting of pigment elements and polymer particles that dissolve in certain proportions with prepared water. After such a composition is applied to the surface to be painted, active evaporation of the liquid contained in the paint begins. At the same time, the polymer particles are reliably bonded to the ceiling and form a coating that is highly resistant to high humidity.

To achieve the highest quality result of painting the ceiling with your own hands, you should choose the right water-based composition. Such paints include a variety of additives that can radically change the properties of the water-based emulsion. The following types of water-based compositions can be used for ceilings:

• Polyvinyl acetate. The cheapest paints. Surfaces treated with them must not be washed. May only be used in dry rooms. Cannot be used in the kitchen or bathroom.
• Acrylic. This is perhaps the most popular type of water-based paint, which perfectly protects the ceiling from moisture. Acrylic compositions are used in any room. Ceilings painted with them can be washed repeatedly and thoroughly.
• Latex. Paints that can level ceiling surfaces. There is only one drawback of such compositions - they are expensive.

To paint ceiling surfaces, experts advise choosing semi-matte and semi-gloss water-based emulsions. The former are able to “disguise” minor flaws in the ceilings, while the latter do not hide existing defects, but are easy to care for.

How to prepare a ceiling for painting with water-based emulsion?

Without preliminary preparation You cannot paint the surface with a water-based composition. It is imperative to remove old paint or whitewash from the ceiling. Lime and chalk whitewash is removed with a roller to painting works, which is moistened with water, and a metal spatula (they use it to scrape off the “ingrained” coating). After this treatment of the ceiling, it will need to be thoroughly washed with a sponge.

It is more labor-intensive to remove old water-based emulsion with your own hands. As mentioned, water-based paint adheres very tightly to the ceiling. Therefore, it is unrealistic to remove it by wetting it with a roller. You will have to work hard to remove peeling sections of the old coating from the surface. This procedure is best performed with a paint spatula.

You can simplify the process as follows:

• moisten the old coating generously with water twice ( foam roller or from a sprayer);
• create a draft in the room;
• remove swollen pieces of old paint.

Use the described technique to greatly facilitate the process of removing the old coating with your own hands.

After cleaning the ceiling, it needs to be leveled. Typically, thin-layer plastic putty is used for these purposes. It adheres perfectly to the ceiling surface and makes it truly smooth. You can additionally sand the putty layer using fine-grain sandpaper.

It can also be done in another way, using a special oil-based whitewash-putty. It needs to be distributed with a brush or roller (as evenly as possible) over the surface on which all existing gaps and cracks have been previously sealed. Then it is correct to prime the ceiling with a thin layer of water-based paint that you plan to use.

Now the surface is completely ready and we will describe in detail how to paint the ceiling with water-based paint.

Using water-based paint requires knowledge of the rules for its application. If you do not study them, as a result of painting work you will get a ceiling with pronounced dark and light spots, stripes from the passage of a roller or brush, and conspicuous unevenness in the painting. The recommendations below will help you avoid this.

Always start painting at the joints and corners between the ceiling and wall surfaces. The corner that is located at the maximum distance from the entrance to the room should be treated first. Coloring these problem areas done with a wide paint brush. It needs to be half-moistened in water-based emulsion and squeezed out a little, making a 3-5 cm pass around the entire perimeter of the room. Thanks to this technique, when you use a paint roller, the corners and junctions of walls and ceilings will be similar in shade and uniformity of application to the rest of the surface.

The main work on painting the ceiling with water-based emulsion is carried out with a roller. With its help, you need to perform three passes. The first pass of the water-based emulsion is carried out parallel to the sun's rays entering the room through the window, the second - perpendicular to the window, the third - in the direction of the window opening.

After each painting, you should wait at least 8 hours (optimally 12) and only then apply the next layer of paint.

Follow these tips, and you will absolutely be able to paint the ceiling with your own hands correctly and without difficulty. The technology for painting the surface with water-based emulsion is quite simple:

1. Fill a wide container (for example, a small tray) with paint.
2. Moisten the roller in water-based emulsion and evenly distribute the composition over it (just run it over a rough surface a couple of times with a painting tool).
3. Make the first pass (lead the roller from left to right) from the corner in the room farthest from the entrance, then pass again, but now from right to left.
4. Remove excess water-based emulsion from the ceiling with a dry roller - run it over the painted surface and it will collect all the unnecessary paint.

Note! It is recommended to do the final painting with a new roller. Then the ceiling will be truly evenly painted and without the slightest flaws.

While the surface painted with water-based emulsion is drying, it is necessary to protect the room from the penetration of sun rays and drafts. Do not use heaters or other electrical appliances to dry applied paint.