Wooden fences among owners summer cottages extremely popular. However, sometimes you can hear how wood is called a cheap material, boring and boring. Whereas true connoisseurs understand that natural material is always beautiful, environmentally friendly, modern and stylish. And if the owner of the property has taste, a wooden fence can look expensive and truly impressive.

Peculiarities

Fencing the estate is one of the most necessary elements in a garden plot, regardless of its size. Such structures can be extremely diverse: have a decorative function or protect the territory from intruders, be expensive or budget-friendly, complex configuration or an ordinary picket fence.

Wood is extremely popular. Wood as a raw material is more expensive than profiled sheets, but cheaper than brick or forged metal. The choice of this material is supported by its environmental friendliness.

In our age of high technology and a large number of industrial facilities, when “black skies” over cities have become commonplace, many people opt for natural materials. The tree becomes a way out for people who care about the well-being of themselves and their loved ones.

Wooden fence you can paint it, you can decorate it with unique carvings, which often add chic to the entire garden. But even unpainted wood looks very good. Of course, wood is not as durable as, for example, brick or concrete. However, there are special compounds to treat and protect a wooden fence from fungus or wood bugs. And this will significantly increase the service life of the structure. In addition, you can coat the structure with varnish, drying oil or special paint enriched with protective substances. This will also affect its service life and increase it.

It is no coincidence that a wooden fence is considered one of the most beautiful. Any wooden houses: not only from logs or timber, but also those in which only wood-like finishing is used look very harmonious, complemented by a fence made of the same material. As a rule, wood structures easily fit into any design solution.

Advantages and disadvantages

Wood has many advantages, and they are all quite significant.

• Wood is a natural and environmentally friendly material that does not clog environment. It is light, alive, “breathing”, which creates a feeling of being filled fresh air space. In plastic or glass interior don't experience this.
• A wooden fence will not require much effort to care for it; With the help of minimal skills you can change a board that is out of order, and in order to paint a structure, you just need to pick up a paint brush or roller.
• Practicality of wooden structures. They protect from prying eyes and from bad weather; if you care for them properly, they will serve for a long time. If you choose a durable species, such as larch, oak or ash, this will increase the life of the fence. Moreover, such structures allow air to pass through well and do not “suffocate”.
• Natural material harmonizes with the environment. A wooden fence can even become a real work of art if its owner has the taste. It is possible to decorate it however you like, and if you have the desire and ability, you can do it yourself.

• It is also important to take into account the relatively low cost, as well as simple installation. Even without resorting to the help of professionals, you can create a fence on your site in the shortest possible time. There are very few designs and types that you cannot make yourself.
• A large number of options suitable for most different situations. Wooden fences can be so different in appearance that essentially they have only one thing in common - the wood material from which they are made.
• Wood is also friendly to other materials and combines well with them. This makes it possible to come up with even more design options.
• An important fact is that wood absorbs sounds well. In country or cottage villages, erecting such a fence and getting rid of unnecessary noise can be a big plus.

The disadvantages traditionally include a short service life(maximum ten years), easy flammability if the material has not been treated with fire-prevention impregnations, as well as a tendency to become wet and rot. However, with proper care and regular treatment with special compounds, the “life” of a wooden fence can be significantly extended. In addition, if one or two boards are damaged, there is no need to disassemble the entire structure; it is enough to replace only the part that has failed.

You also need to take into account the rather low protective ability of wooden fences, unless, of course, it is a picket fence with pointed tops. The remaining types still serve more of a decorative function, decorating the site and complementing the architecture of the house building.

Accordingly, if there is a desire (or need) for the fence to provide protection, it may make sense to consider other, more durable materials or wooden fences in combination, for example, with brick supports.

Kinds

When choosing a fence for his site, each homeowner makes his own conclusions: how much it costs to build one or another type of fence, which types are the most popular, and which are durable. Wood is the unique material from which, if desired, you can build a thousand fences without ever repeating them.

There are several types of wooden fencing:

• classical;
• palisade;
• log paving;
• fence;
• ladder (herringbone);
• blinds;
• ranch;
• wattle fence;
• lattice.

A classic wooden fence consists of boards fitted to each other as a continuous sheet, which can be either vertical or horizontal. You can put it on a brick or stone foundation, or you can frame it with columns. This option is universal, applicable in almost any situation and for any area.

Unlike a classic palisade fence, the canvas is formed strictly vertically. As the name suggests, this type consists of stakes driven into the ground. This is a very aggressive type of fence, especially if you sharpen the upper ends of the logs. In addition, due to its density, this fence requires a large amount of material, so it may not be very cheap. Of all types of wooden fences, this one gives the most better protection, since there are few people willing to climb over the sharp peaks of the palisade.

Modern palisades look lighter than traditional ones; the stakes are not always closely matched to each other. There are fun designs available, such as spikes that are colored and sharpened like pencils. The elements of the palisade, framed by stone pillars and foundations, look original.

In log paving, logs tightly fitted to each other are laid horizontally, vertically or at an angle. In order to join more tightly, the logs are sawn in half.

As for the picket fence, it is traditionally used for fencing exclusively summer cottages. Protection is not its function; as a rule, this type of fence is low and sparse; most often it is installed to mark the site. Although you can give it the desired height and reduce the width of the gaps, this way the temporary fence will turn into a full-fledged fence.

You can increase the aesthetic appeal of a picket fence by creating the necessary combination of the pattern, the distance between the slats and the shape of the top edge, suitable for a particular area. This type is easy to install and inexpensive, but does not withstand mechanical loads well. A low picket fence is ideally complemented by climbing plants.

Some people distinguish this type of picket fence as “chess” in independent species. Since each side is facing due to the installation of the sheathing on longitudinal joists, this option is extremely attractive and also durable.

An interesting solution to chess boards, when the boards are fitted tightly at the bottom and gaps are left at the top. This way the design achieves a balance between privacy and openness.

When constructing a herringbone (ladder), the boards are installed horizontally and overlapping, and thanks to the specific design, the fence is ensured complete opacity with excellent ventilation.

To construct blinds, the boards are placed vertically or horizontally with a slight slope and stacked 1 or 2 cm on top of each other. This method reliably protects from prying eyes. At the same time, a fence of this design allows air to pass through well, so it is relevant for wetlands and areas located in lowlands. You can fix the structure on metal poles.

Wattle (tyn) - again from the name it is clear that this is a structure woven from bushes or tree shoots. She is very beautiful, elegant, but extremely fragile. To maintain an aesthetically attractive appearance, it is necessary to periodically “braid” stray branches into the structure and cut off shoots growing in the wrong direction.

Such a fence looks interesting when it is woven for a flower bed to protect it from access by animals. It’s even more original when several flower beds are woven in this way. You can also use plank boxes to create this kind of fence.

However, it would be incorrect to say that a wicker fence cannot be made of boards. On the contrary, such fences are popular, although more expensive. The most durable and solid among them is a wicker fence with brick pillars. It is very expensive and its installation takes a lot of time, but the result can exceed all expectations.

A wicker fence with metal posts looks very impressive. It is built much faster and easier, and costs much less than even a similar structure with false pillars.

Ranch - this type of fencing came from America, where it is very popular. In Russia it is no less popular, although it is called “fence”. It is used, as a rule, for zoning the front garden, as well as fencing the walking area of ​​farm animals. The “ranch” option, installed on a support made of stones with stone pillars, does not look out of place.

The most decorative of all types is the lattice. The planks can be placed at an angle, crosswise or in a braided pattern, in any case it will be aesthetically attractive. If you combine several types of “weaving” slats on one canvas, the fence will look even more impressive. The lattice used as a support looks very nice climbing plants or decorated with small baskets of flowers.

A lattice fence is the most suitable type of fencing for decoration.

Listed species– basic, other subspecies are derived from them. The list can go on for a long time: cat ears, dog ears, peaked, concave, double concave, convex - these are all types of fences. Each type performs its functions in accordance with the needs of the owner.

Options are also possible that combine two types of fencing, for example, wicker and checkerboard or lattice and checkerboard.

Materials

Most often, fences intended to protect a site are constructed using coniferous species: larch, spruce, cedar, pine. It should be borne in mind that pine is not the most durable material. To build a wooden fence, any type of fence will do. The main thing is the quality of the wood.

If you need to get by with a minimum of funds, then perfect option– pine or spruce boards treated with an antiseptic containing olive oil. However, we must remember that spruce is an extremely knotty material, subject, like pine, to increased cracking. However, these species are much easier to saw due to their softness.

It should be noted that when building a wooden fence there are two options: budget and expensive. The most expensive option is larch.

If you expect exclusively decorative qualities from a fence, it is better to opt for hardwood: birch, beech, ash. The strength of such a design may not be high, but it will look very attractive.

Support pillars can be made of brick, timber, metal profiles, pipes and screw piles. Brick or piles are preferable.

Depending on the type of fence being constructed, the material for its cladding is selected - logs (rounded or not), timber, boards, picket fence.

Having settled on a log, you should remember that the fence made from it is extremely heavy, requires more solid support, but at the same time is highly durable and reliable.

As for timber, it is divided into several types:

• whole;
• profiled;
• glued;
• spliced;
• double.

Timber is also a massive material, which greatly weighs down the fence and makes it durable. As in the case of choosing a log, a timber fence requires very strong support pillars.

If you decide to use boards, there are three types suitable for cladding the fence:

1. planed;
2. decorative;
3. unedged.

Most often they use planed boards, they are universal, suitable for any fence. In addition, they are atraumatic, smooth and immediately ready for use.

U decorative boards only the ends and sides are processed. After which they are aged using a special composition. This species is becoming more and more popular among sophisticated summer residents. The brushing method gives the wood original invoice. The only negative is that the material is expensive.

The name “unedged board” speaks for itself - it is not treated with anything. This is economical, but is fraught with splinters, cuts and other minor injuries. Therefore, if you purchase this species, it is better to process it yourself.

Perhaps the cheapest option for constructing a wooden fence is a slab, that is, a side cut of a log. One side is sawn and the other is unprocessed. We can say that croaker is a type of woodworking waste. By sanding and clearing the material of bark, it is easy to build a practical and beautiful fence. It can be laid both horizontally and vertically, with or without gaps.

It is important to note that only a business croaker can be used for fencing.

However, there is a more expensive (and high-quality) version of this material - the so-called block house, which is essentially not pure slab, but its imitation. It is made from coniferous trees and costs several times more. It certainly looks more impressive.

It may be that the owner decides to combine materials, making a fence, for example, from wood and stone. This is a classic option, very attractive and interesting. Stone pillars act as supporting structures, they are connected by spans of wood.

If stone supports are unavailable for some reason, you can replace them with false pillars - metal structures with an indelible pattern imitating stone or brick. Such pillars look like real ones and can be made according to the customer’s sketch - for example, to look like wood.

An interesting combination (and very innovative) is offered by designers to brave owners: stones are densely poured into a double chain-link fence, and the structure is covered with wooden slats at the top and bottom. This structure is called “gabion”. It can also be used solo, dividing the space of a garden or recreation area into zones.

Regarding the quality of the material purchased for the construction of the fence, the following can be said.

• The plastic packaging in which the fence boards are located must be transparent. If it is not, it is better not to make a purchase. In this case, you cannot buy a pig in a poke.
• If there are drops of water inside the package, it means the boards are damp; when they dry, deformation may occur.
• Planed boards should not be rough or cracked. Also, chips are not allowed on them.
• Helical curvatures also indicate a defect. The boards need to be level.
• Knotted wood is no good, and it’s even worse if the knots have fallen out.
• The smell should be fresh, woody; the slightest hint of mold also means defectiveness, that is, rotting.
• The surface of the boards should not be wet.
• You should be suspicious of the presence of stains of unknown origin and unnatural color of the boards; this also indicates poor quality material.

Style and design

The fence, both built around the house and located inside the site, must be in harmony directly with the house and other elements of the garden. It can be decorated in any style the owner wishes. Some people paint the fence, preferring this method of decoration to others. Someone decorates it with carved details, patterns, and ornaments. Some people like plants that cover the fence like a hedge.

You can decorate the fence however you like, as long as it doesn’t change your sense of proportion and style. As for design, currently, in addition to standard forms of fencing, a lot of new ones are offered, original options– convex, concave, wicker, puzzle gates, where each board is assigned custom uniform, and then they are all tightly fitted to each other in an intricate pattern.

Of course, wood carving remains the most popular solution chosen by owners to decorate their fence.

The thread can be:

• Geometric- this is a very difficult type of activity, since you need to use a special knife and chisel to cut out a pattern consisting of geometric shapes;
• Contour– also performed manually; The desired design is applied to the wood with a pencil, after which its outline is knocked out with a chisel. The result is a voluminous carved pattern, which can be given depth if the indentations are painted with one shade and the rest with another;
• Lace- the simplest way, its essence is that wooden blank apply a pattern. After this, they drill a hole into which they install a jigsaw knife, and then they work only with it.

Fences in the Provence style can be decorated with any elements that come to mind - from birdhouses to flower pots. Fans of country style should take a closer look at the darkened, unpainted wood, naturally in good condition.

Regarding the rustic style, we can say that this is the simplest thing that exists, and to create a fence in this style, a minimum of funds is enough - the same croaker. The effect that such a fence creates, if it was created not hastily, but with taste and, as they say, with soul, is many times greater than the effort expended.

How to do it yourself?

It happens that the owner does not want to resort to the services of professionals, wanting to independently build a wooden fence in his garden. This is quite realistic if you calculate the amount of materials and meticulously follow the steps step by step instructions. Moreover, installing a fence yourself can turn into a fun activity for one person or for the whole family.

Before starting work, you need to calculate how many boards you will need. It is not difficult. You need to divide the length of the proposed fence by the width of the board - if you plan, for example, to build a picket fence. If the fence is not continuous, then the width of the board is added to the width of the gap, then divide the length of the fence by this number.

In any case, it is better to purchase a little more boards than required. Especially if they are non-trivial, and it will be difficult to purchase them if there is a shortage.

However, an experienced summer resident knows that the store sells not boards, but cubic meters of wood. But it doesn't matter. To find out how much cubic meters wood will be needed for the construction, you must first multiply the length, width and thickness of one board. After this, we multiply the resulting number by the previously calculated number of boards. Everything is ready, the cubic meters have been calculated.

The easiest one to make is a picket fence with gaps. To construct it, you cannot do without drawing accessories - a ruler, a square, a pencil. In addition, you need a hacksaw for wood and, if you plan to cut out shaped elements, a jigsaw. To dig, you need a shovel; to drill, you need a drill. It is obvious.

The number of required accessories such as self-tapping screws and metal corners should be calculated in advance.

• The beginning of any construction is marking the territory and determining the line where the fence will go. This area needs to be cleared and dismantled. old building, if there is one.
• When the length and location are determined, you need to drive pegs along the entire length of the future fence. Once the location for the wicket (or gate, or both) is determined, the points of the support pillars are marked at a distance of 2 to 3 m between each.
• Next is time to install the base. This may be the foundation or the installation of support pillars. The pillars can be driven in or placed on a concrete base. The depth to which the supports are dug should not be less than 0.7 m. At this stage, you need to control the height of the supports.
• It is recommended to treat the part of the supports that goes into the ground with liquid bitumen; this will significantly strengthen the base and also extend the life of the fence as a whole.
• The safest thing to do is fill the hole where the support is installed with liquid concrete. Then the supports will definitely not become loose.

• Two crossbars (upper and lower) are attached to the support posts using nails or self-tapping screws. If the fence is high, you can attach a third one in the middle.
• Form the body of the fence by attaching boards. The choice of method of fastening the boards depends on the selected type of fence and the desire of the owner. If you wish, you can not limit yourself to a simple horizontal or vertical layout by forming an ornament (after thinking through how to do this).
• To add additional strength to the structure, it is recommended to attach the boards to pre-installed metal corners.
• After this, the processing of the fence remains protective compounds, for example, impregnation against moisture.
• To make a wicket, the canvas is assembled separately.

To learn how to make a wooden fence with your own hands, see the following video.

In order for the fence to last as long as possible, it is necessary to properly care for it. Fire retardants and other substances, if treated with wood before installation, will protect it from rotting, insects, and sunlight.

Through application various types paints can both enhance the qualities of wood and decorate the fence. Currently, paints not only impart color, but also carry out a number of protective functions. Before painting, the surface must be thoroughly cleaned and dried, and if possible degreased. If there are traces of the old coating, they must be removed with a scraper or a stiff brush.

Most often, painting is done with a brush, less often with a spray gun. You need to paint along the grain, at least 2 layers in the case of primary painting. If you need to renew the paint, one coat is enough. It is better not to start this type of work in the heat, rain or wind.

It must be remembered that not a single remedy, even the most potent one, will always work. Therefore, regular processing should become a rule for fencing care.

There are several effective formulations, for example:

• Toplasur Belinka. Suitable for all types of wood. Not subject to tinting, produced in ready-made shades. Helps the material withstand adverse weather conditions.
• Holzlasur gel JOBI. It has the property of repelling water and adheres well to the surface. Prevents the development of wood diseases (fungus, rot and others). Translucent.
• Pinotex ultra. Has the same properties as the composition above. However, it is opaque and subject to tinting.
• Tikkurila valtti color extra. About 40 shades, protects from direct sunlight and precipitation.
• "Olympus Omicron". Protects against factors such as mold, insects, moisture, ultraviolet radiation. Has low consumption and is economical. Subject to tinting.

To extend the service life of the fence during the construction period, the following conditions must be met:

• make sure that there are no anthills or overgrown bushes in the area where you plan to install the fence;
• impregnate the boards with antiseptics before starting installation;
• Having finished it, prime the entire surface; choose a warm day for this, when the tree is dry;
• the primer should be made with paint that contains a lot of natural oils.

To provide the fence with additional protection, a canopy is installed on the top of the fence, which is attached to additional slats. This will protect the fence from precipitation. It can be either a canopy made of wood, metal or metal-plastic. The color can be either tone-on-tone or contrast with the fence, depending on the overall design of the owner. The shape of the skate can be different - either an angle, or a semicircle, or in the form of the letter P.

To protect the bottom of the fence, constant removal of excess grass is necessary. The more it grows near the fence, the higher the moisture level, and this, in turn, can lead to rot. To avoid this, gravel can be added after the grass has been removed.

Beautiful examples and options

Below are options for different wooden fences - for a private house, cottage, garden. Even in this small sample, you can see how diverse wood can be, harmoniously adapting to any style and adjacent to any other material.

• Massive antique fencing adds solidity and status.
• Original wooden picket fence. A simple and elegant grille option that looks great on concrete foundation. It is thanks to concrete that proximity to a lawn does not cause wood to rot.

• Or you can make a wicker fence from hazel. The most interesting option The fence is an original companion for a concrete site.
• A horizontal fence made of boards, built like a wattle fence, is a very interesting specimen. The upper metal strip in the shape of the letter P reliably protects the wood from precipitation.

• A slab fence on a concrete foundation. Great example how expensive it can be cheap material. Thanks to the tight fit of the boards to each other, an intricate pattern has formed on the canvas, and the ridge strip on top provides protection from destructive environmental factors.
• In country style, an antique wooden fence with imitation rope stitches. The deliberately simple technique at the same time looks very unusual.

• A wooden fence with brick pillars looks very massive. The construction is strong and durable. The concrete base gives additional solidity.
• And here is this inexpensive, original and attractive design: a fence made of wood (Euro picket fence) on false posts.

• Gabions are containers made of metal or plastic mesh. The solution is innovative, unconventional and attractive in appearance. Suitable for combination with other material in the fence fabric, and for independent use– for zoning space.

A fence made of boards has always been considered an excellent fencing option due to its ease of installation, environmental friendliness, and availability of materials. Anyone can make such a structure with their own hands, and a simple plank fence, if installed and processed correctly, can last for several decades. In this article we will look at how to properly prepare the material for installation, make calculations, and build a reliable and beautiful wooden fence from edged or Not edged boards.

What types of board fences are there?

Let's look at the most popular options for plank fences and the features of their design:

1. Picket fence.

Wooden picket fence

This is the simplest type of fencing, which consists of individual edged board strips nailed to the joists. There are gaps of varying widths between the slats. A picket fence is not made from unedged boards, since its appearance, in this case, will not be presentable.

2. . This option is attractive because the slats block the visibility of the site from the street, but allow the site to be blown by the wind. There are two types of chess:

• Vertical checkerboard. The planks are installed vertically so that each established bar overlapped the previous plank by a third. Such a picket fence is attached to horizontal veins.

Wooden checkerboard fence with vertical boards

• Horizontal checkerboard. Installed similarly to the previous option, but the slats are mounted horizontally. For this purpose, additional vertical racks. They can be made from ordinary unedged boards.

Checkerboard fence with horizontal boards

3. Ladder. This is a fence with a slanted board. Adjacent planks are installed with a slight slope, overlapping each other. This fence has a very attractive appearance.

Wooden fence "ladder"

4. Classic solid fence. In this design, the planks are closely adjacent to each other. It turns out solid wooden wall. It is quite difficult to make such a fence without gaps. Especially if it is made from unedged boards. Before installation, it is processed on a machine.

Solid fence made of boards

5. . In this option, the pickets are mounted horizontally to the joists, overlapping each other. This is also a fence with a slanted board, since each planed board is installed with a small gap in relation to the adjacent plank. This is achieved by installing calibrated inserts.

Tools required for work

Before you start, make sure you have the necessary tools. You will need:

• Saw.
• Grinding tools.
• Marking tool.
• Roulette.
• Plane.
• Cord.
• Construction level.
• Hammer.
• Screwdriver.
• Galvanized nails or screws.
• Materials for installing pillars (sand, crushed stone, cement, broken brick).
• Drill for drilling holes for poles.

What boards are used to install fencing?

To build a plank fence, you need to prepare necessary building materials. This applies primarily to wood. The following types are used:

• Unedged board. It is used relatively rarely due to its unsightly appearance. An unedged board has an obvious advantage: it has a low cost, and you can buy it almost everywhere. Antique, country-style fencing is made from unedged boards.
• Edged board. This is the most popular material for constructing wooden fencing. All types of fences are built from edged boards.
• Lining. These are machine-made planks of a special shape, the ends of which have connecting recesses and projections. A clapboard fence is a continuous barrier with no gaps. The planks are small in thickness, so they must be treated with very high quality protective materials. A properly made clapboard fence, if a durable type of wood is used, can last about two decades.
• Decorative strips. Each of these planks has an unusual shape, carvings, and beautifully designed ends. Often used as a picket fence.
• Aged board. Artificially they achieve to highlight the structure of the wood. The raw materials for the production of aged material are blanks from unedged boards.
• Terrace board. It is made from wood flour, polymers and modifiers. A fence made from decking boards is durable and has a unique appearance.

Stages of self-construction of a fence from a board

Let's get started self-construction wooden fencing. The work consists of several stages.

Preparation of material

All joists and strips must be prepared for installation. If the construction is carried out from unedged boards, then it still needs to be cleared of bark residues, and then sanded with sandpaper or processed on a machine. The pickets are then cut to a specific size. The upper part of each plank is cut at an angle for better moisture drainage. The last stage is to coat the wood with an antiseptic and then apply two layers of varnish to it.

Site marking

First, corner pegs are driven in along the line of the future fence, and a cord is pulled between them. Along this cord, at equal distances, additional pegs are driven in, which indicate the locations of the pillars. It is generally accepted that the distance between pillars should be no more than 3 meters. If a solid picket fence is installed, the distance between the supports can be reduced to 2 meters. This helps to avoid the impact of windage on the fence.

Installation of pillars

In the marked places, installation of support pillars is carried out. To do this, holes are first dug or wells of the required depth are drilled. Depending on the material of the pillars, the method of fixing them in the soil is used:

• Wooden supports are coated in the lower third with liquid bitumen, wrapped with roofing felt, and then installed in the pits. The voids are filled with crushed stone or broken bricks. The holes are compacted and filled with water.
• Metal pipes or metal profiles. They can be concreted in holes or driven into the ground with a sledgehammer.
• Concrete pillars can simply be dug into the ground. The holes are filled with stones or construction waste.

Installation of logs on poles

Lags are wooden blocks or boards on which fencing strips will subsequently be attached. They can be made from edged or unedged boards. Planed wood logs are preferable as they look more presentable and require less maintenance.

If the installation of the pillars was carried out using the concreting method, it is necessary to wait until the supports have completely hardened. In other cases, logs can be installed immediately after installing the pillars. The logs are attached horizontally to the supports. To do this, it is necessary to install fastening plates on the poles. The logs must be positioned strictly horizontally so that the picket fence attached to them has the same height.

The number of lags is determined based on the height of the picket fence. If you plan to make a fence 2 meters high, 2 logs will be enough. If you need to make the height of the fence more than 2.5 meters, then you cannot do without 3 veins. If horizontal installation of planks is carried out, then 1-2 vertical logs are installed.

Fastening boards

Prepared pickets are nailed or screwed onto the fixed veins. It doesn’t matter whether the fence is made with an inclined board or a regular picket fence is mounted from an edged board, the planks are attached to the joists in at least two places. Self-tapping screws or galvanized nails are used for fastening. The planks are nailed close to each other, or some equal distance is left between them.

There should be a gap of at least 5 cm between the bottom of the picket fence and the soil. This will protect the fence from moisture.

We figured out how to make a fence from boards with your own hands. For this you can use any wood materials that are in your sufficient quantity. If you have a lot of edged boards, then a fence made from it will delight you and your loved ones with its appearance and reliability.

The fence is an element of the garden landscape. In addition to their direct “responsibilities” - protecting the site from unauthorized access and indicating the boundaries of private households, fences play an important role in the aesthetic arrangement of the territory. There is a fence different types, configuration and texture, but the most popular in decorative meaning was and remains wooden version. In addition, you can make such a fence yourself, using all your imagination as a craftsman.

Making a wooden fence is quite simple compared to its metal counterpart. This option has many advantages with minimal disadvantages. For the construction of wooden fencing you can use various material– boards from different types of trees: beech, pine, larch or oak. Coniferous wood is especially valued. Each master chooses the material at his own discretion, because the main thing is that the wooden fence is of good quality and lasts a long time.

How to make a fence correctly

Wood fences can be divided into 2 groups: hedges and palisades. Also, such fences vary in design (picket picket, wattle fence, bamboo fence, ranch, lattice and other fence design options).

The most popular and simple ones are picket fences, as well as those made by a continuous row of boards. Regardless of what kind of fence you plan to build, you definitely need to carry out preparatory work according to its structure:

• clear the area for the wooden fence (remove debris, pull out grass or weeds, uproot stumps and roots of old trees, if any);
• dismantle the old fence;
• draw up a design diagram of the future picket fence, where to mark the location of the gate, taking into account boundary boundaries and signs;
• select and buy all the necessary materials for building a fence (wood, nails or construction screws treated with an anti-corrosion agent, cement to stabilize the fence support, beams and logs, paint);
• prepare tools (hammer, hacksaw, shovel, crowbar, hole drill, tamper, cord and pegs for marking the area, wheelbarrow, mixing container cement mortar or concrete mixer).

Service life of a wooden fence

A wooden fence has a service life of about 8 years. However, if you properly care for it and repair it on time, then this period increases 3 times. A good wooden fence can last more than 30 years, although fences from historical wooden architecture, which are more than 50 years old.

The main factors for the durability of wooden fences are:

• quality of building material - wood (soft or hard wood, manufacturer);
• good quality and correct installation;
• operating conditions.

Manufacturers determine the quality of a material by its likely wear resistance. Also, the service life of the fence depends on how carefully it is handled.

The advantages of wooden fences are:

• environmentally friendly - absolutely clean natural material, which does not harm the environment, the sanded fence is pleasant to the touch, it does not absorb sunlight, which is important for close-growing plants;
• variability - compared to the factory version, a metal profile, which is usually installed in a vertical position, can be worked with wood various options– horizontally, vertically, diagonally, interlacing, and also use boards of various lengths, widths and thicknesses;
• ease of installation - when installing a wooden fence, no special skills, thorough concreting or a large number of people are required, since a wooden fence is not heavy and can be easily handled by one person;
• aesthetics - the natural beauty of wood leads in the selection of materials for the future fence; it looks great in any landscape design solution.

It is worth considering that wood is “afraid” of exposure to moisture, since over time it begins to rot, turn black, and become covered with mold spots. To delay these unpleasant moments, it is necessary to carefully care for the wooden fence and carry out antiseptic prophylaxis for it in a timely manner. You should also pay attention to the flammability of this building material and use special means to impregnate and protect it in order to avoid fire.

Wooden fence design

Modern, wooden fences have different design in any format that provides a visual impression. This type of fencing is a traditional option for Russian villages, holiday villages or country cottages.

The tree is beautifully decorated, covered with various paints or varnishes, it fits harmoniously into any landscape composition. The design of a wooden fence depends on the preferences, imagination of the owner, as well as the overall compositional background. Most original fences are obtained using the following types of fences:

• solid - made in the form of a palisade made of stakes or round logs, slabs, edged boards;
• option checkerboard layout or overlap - the boards are laid in a horizontal, vertical or diagonal position;
• “braiding” - boards are fixed between support pillars, either from the inside or the outside, by braiding them;
• – a combination of boards with round logs as support, a classic option;
• wicker fence - vines, tree branches, twigs are used;
• lattice fencing - slats are used;
• a fence in the style of a cowboy ranch - the exotic horizontal bars are attractive with brutality, it is recommended to combine them with a massive concrete or stone base.

Whatever fence design you choose, it is worth considering its role in the overall compositional picture and functionality.

Increasingly, instead of massive and monumental brick and stone fences, ordinary people are choosing wooden ones. fences and fencing for the house: photo successful examples allow us to verify the exceptional attractiveness of such a solution. Wood is considered the material that can not only guarantee protection from attacks, but also not look too intimidating.

Wooden fence: a practical decoration for the site

Fences and railings made of wood can be considered a traditional option for our society. The abundance of wood and its cheapness allow even not very wealthy people to use this material. But in Western countries, a tree, on the contrary, is considered a sign of wealth and success of the owners of a house or plot. Such a fence today is not only status, but also elegance, environmental friendliness and modernity of the overall style solution.

The choice in favor of a wooden fence is often based on one of the following factors:

• Environmental friendliness. IN modern age technologies, artificial materials and a polluted environment, every person strives to surround himself with the safest materials possible. Wood becomes optimal solution for those who care about the health of their family members.

• Ease of care. The wooden fence is that part household, which not only will not require special attention, but will also make you feel like a creator in the process of caring for her. Carpentry skills will help you replace the board if necessary, and the ability to hold a brush in your hands will help you update the color of the fence and make it more elegant.

• Beautiful wooden fences for the home are also practical. Employees reliable protection both from bad weather and from prying eyes, such fences with proper care will last for many years. The tree is the one universal material, which can be useful in any situation: for example, as a fence for a yard, as a border between summer cottages, as a divider of a garden into zones.

FACT! In order for the fence to last as long as possible, you should choose the most durable and reliable wood species: for example, oak, ash, larch. It is also important to take into account the moisture content and composition of the soil.

• Harmony is the main thing that distinguishes a wooden fence from a metal or stone one. The living and pleasant material fits perfectly into the environment, and with the right skills, a fence made from it can be turned into a work of art.

No less important factors that should also be taken into account are its relatively low cost (for example, in comparison with a similar product made of metal or brick) and ease of installation. You can fence an area with such a fence in a short time, even without the involvement of experienced craftsmen.

Types and features of wooden fences

When choosing a wooden fence for a private home, every responsible owner draws up a complete picture for himself: what kind of fences are customary to build, which of them are the most reliable, what is the cost of constructing this or that type of fence. Experts distinguish the following types of wooden fences suitable for use as fencing:

• A classic fence is a solid canvas consisting of tightly fitted boards that can be positioned both vertically and horizontally. Classic version The fence can be strengthened with a foundation made of bricks and stone, and also columns made of wood, metal or stone can be used as its base.

• The palisade consists of logs installed vertically and tightly fitted to each other. To guarantee maximum strength and increase the service life of the logs, it is recommended to install them on a foundation rather than in the soil. This type of fencing looks quite aggressive and is suitable for actively protecting property from attacks, which is especially facilitated by the sharply sharpened tops of the logs.

ADVICE! A picket fence can be an extremely original and attractive fence because it allows you to choose the optimal pattern, the distance between the slats and the shape of the top edge.

• Herringbone or ladder. The fencing boards are mounted horizontally on top of each other, and the use of special gaskets ensures excellent ventilation while the fabric is completely opaque.

• The grid is considered the most decorative look fence Criss-crossed, 45-degree or interlocking slats in a classic wicker frame look almost like a work of art. This type of fence is often used as a support for weaving and climbing plants.

ADVICE! To give such a fence a more expressive appearance, designers recommend using a combination of several options for the arrangement of slats in one canvas.

• A wooden fence in the style of a cowboy ranch is a rather specific type of fence that is more suitable for demarcating territory or controlling access to a certain part of the site for people or animals. Horizontal bars look exotic and are suitable for use over large areas.

Installation and maintenance of a wooden fence: subtleties of the process

There is an opinion among ordinary people about the difficulty of constructing a wooden fence on a site. That is why owners often do not think about how to do it themselves, but prefer to turn to specialists. However, with a competent approach to the choice of technology and compliance with all construction standards, erecting a fence on your site turns out to be not such a difficult process.

In the process of caring for a wooden fence the most important stage is the pre-treatment of wood. To preserve the natural color of the wood, it must be varnished: in this case, the boards will not darken from moisture. Special impregnations guarantee protection of the fence from pests and rain, since they usually contain insecticides and antifungal substances.

Special impregnations for wood will prevent it from losing color, and will also protect it from mold, pests and weather conditions.

Wooden fence for suburban area should be considered not only a way to protect the territory, but also a stylish decorative detail. Natural beauty material, emphasized stylish shape, will make the site even more spectacular, will allow a more rational approach to solving landscape problems and rationally organize the space.

Since ancient times, fences have been built in Rus'. They were mostly wooden. With the advent of new technologies, materials such as metal, reinforced concrete, polycarbonate, corrugated sheeting, brick are increasingly crowding out the aesthetic, but not so durable wooden fence from our lives. Who gives preference environmentally friendly materials, creates design on his site in rustic style or already has a wooden house, choose a wooden fence. In addition, if you study the issue in detail, you will see how diverse wooden fences are. They can be one of the most impressive elements in your garden design.

Types of wooden fences

By wooden fence we often mean an ordinary picket fence, which we have long been accustomed to and which was quite common in Soviet times. Over time, the situation has changed radically and now wooden fences are herringbone, cross-country, chess, and lattice. And a regular wooden picket fence looks great equipped with brick posts.

Classic wooden fence

Pipes are installed along the perimeter of the site and concreted into the ground. Between the pillars, veins or purlins are attached, made of timber measuring 50X100 mm or so. Fence boards are nailed perpendicular to the veins either joint to joint or at a short distance from each other.

Wooden fence with ladder or herringbone pattern

Similar to a classic fence, pillars are concreted into the ground. On their internal and outside fastened decorative overlays made of wood. They will become guides for the remaining boards. Boards measuring 25x100mm are laid in the grooves between the overlays - horizontally overlapping. If you use calibrated pads, you can create a ventilated fence. And additional thin vertical metal stakes allow you to create another type of such fence.

The fence columns are covered with wooden decorative covers.

Fence "Cross"

It is possible to combine a wooden fence with reinforced concrete by constructing a “Cross” fence. The same 60X80 mm columns are installed in concrete-filled holes in the ground. The pillars are equipped with grooves into which decorative elements are first installed. reinforced concrete slabs(their approximate size is 300x300x550), and then wooden blocks. Both the columns and the fence fabric are covered with decorative covers to prevent moisture from entering the structure.

Checkerboard fence with clearance

Veins are laid between the pillars. Boards are attached to them in a checkerboard pattern - first on one side, then on the other. If you look from the side, the fence turns out to be not “solid”, but with gaps.

Fence "Lattice"

Foundation and load-bearing elements For this type of fence, pillars are similar. Between them, ready-made lattice sections made from slats are installed. The slats can be positioned either parallel or perpendicular to the posts, or diagonally. Such a fence is illuminated, allows the sun to pass through, and does not enclose the space. Its function is more decorative.

Fence "Rancho"

This is a barrier where 2-4 wide boards are attached horizontally to heavy wooden posts with small gaps. If you take well-processed thin boards and a little more of them, you can build beautiful fencing for a wooden house.

Fence "Palisade"

Treated, smooth, not too large in diameter logs are installed vertically to each other.

If you install the pillars and the entire structure on the foundation, this will protect the lower part from interaction with the ground and moisture, and, therefore, will significantly extend the life of the fence. Can be used as fence supports metal pipes, concreted into the ground, pillars made of stone or brick, ready-made reinforced concrete pillars or wooden logs.

Materials for building a fence

The cost of a wooden fence depends on its type and what material will be chosen: boards, pickets, beams, logs (for a picket fence). You will also need the following materials: crossbars (wooden or metal), support pillars, reinforcement for formwork, cement, sand, bricks and stones for erecting pillars, nails and screws, fire retardant and antiseptic impregnation For wooden surfaces, bitumen or creazote for treating wooden poles installed in a support or strip foundation.

Tools

To build a fence, stock up on the following tools:

• drill or shovel
• roulette
• stakes
• level
• screwdriver
• hammer
• jigsaw
• brush
• sandpaper

How to make a wooden fence?

Before you make a wooden fence with your own hands, you need to decide on its design and how much of a major construction is planned. For a fence with a foundation, the sequence of actions will be as follows:

• marking;
• foundation construction;
• installation of poles;
• fastening wooden elements;
• processing of wooden surfaces.

Marking

Marking for the future fence is carried out using a tape measure and rope. We determine the location for the placement of the wicket and gate. We install them in pillars in the corners of the site. We tighten the lacing between them so as not to deviate from the given line when determining the locations for the pillars.

Foundation

The most labor-intensive part of building a wooden fence with your own hands is pouring strip foundation. Under a light wooden fence, the foundation is not particularly deepened. To do this, dig a trench (depth up to 1 meter, width - 30-80 cm), deep into which a sand cushion is poured. Next, reinforcement is knitted, formwork is created, pillars are leveled and the foundation is poured. It can be either at zero level or higher - 30-50 cm above ground level. After it hardens (after 2-3 days), further work begins.

Installation of pillars

The more often the posts are placed, the stronger the fence will be. The pillars are installed during the process of pouring concrete into the foundation. The distance between them is about 2 m. The fewer pillars, the more crossbars there should be. If a foundation is not planned, then in the places designated for placing the pillars, dig holes 1-1.5 m deep, fill them with sand (20 cm) and water it abundantly. Next, using a level, install the pillars in them and fill the recesses with concrete.

Regular foundation for a fence

Foundation using stones

If the post is made of wood, then its lower edge is treated with bitumen or creosote to protect the wood from moisture and rotting.

If brick racks are planned instead of pillars, then space must be provided for them. After all, they will occupy square areas with a side of 1.5 bricks. To decorate the counter at the very bottom and at the top, the masonry is expanded by a quarter of a brick. During the laying process, cross members are installed in the racks. It is important to use a level to check whether the stand is laid evenly.

Fence installation

Next comes the installation of a wooden fence. Slats and boards are attached either to the crossbars or installed in grooves - depending on the selected type of fence. A simpler option is to install sections. If the pillars are wooden, then grooves are made in them to lay the crossbars; if the pillars are metal, then fasteners (corner) are welded to them, to which the legs will then be attached.

How to extend the life of a fence?

In order for a wooden fence to last a long time, wooden elements you need to cover it with antiseptic solutions and fire retardants, and only then with paint (use oil-based and water-soluble), stain, and varnish. Impregnations are applied even before the fence is installed. Fire-retardant impregnations will prevent fire, and antiseptics will protect the wood from the colonization of microorganisms and subsequent rotting. They extend the life of the fence to 30 years, protect the wood from the sun and dampness, and preserve the natural texture and beautiful appearance.

Galvanized fasteners are suitable. Before driving a nail, it is immersed in drying oil.

In the future, periodically, at least once every 2-3 years, the wooden fence must be treated with protective impregnations.

Original do-it-yourself wooden fences - photo:

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