Attic is an attic space in a country house. Can be residential or used for economic needs. In any case, the attic requires a staircase to be built up to it. Internal or external, spiral or straight, made by hand or to order - you can choose from a huge variety of staircase options. We’ll look at how to find the right solution for your home in this article.

The choice of attic stairs depends on the type of room: stairs in an apartment and a private house, or a bathhouse, will be different.

Stairs are divided into 2 main types based on their location: external and internal.

External, as a rule, is installed in private houses or in a bathhouse (if the attic will be used as a living space).

It has a number of advantages:

• Does not take up useful space indoors;
• Allows you to make a separate entrance to the attic, which will make it comfortable for two families to live in a house;
• A well-thought-out staircase design can become a home decoration.

However, the external design has its drawbacks.

Namely:

• Safety: external staircase often used to break into the house of intruders;
• Increased exposure environment, which entails a more durable and reliable design, and, therefore, increases the cost of the product.

An internal staircase can be installed in almost any room. Various design options allow you to choose an attic staircase that meets the requirements of the project.

Pros:

• Mounted in any room;
• Supports the overall design of the room;
• Allows you to increase the living space of the house by adding an attic.

The disadvantage is that this design can take up a lot of space.

What options for stairs to the attic can be used in a private house

If the attic of the house is spacious enough and well insulated, then it can serve as a full second or third floor. In this case, it is necessary to calculate the design of a stationary, comfortable and safe staircase.

Common types of stationary stairs in the house:

1. A straight single-flight staircase is the most common and simplest option, which is easy to do with your own hands. The material of manufacture is usually wood, because it is easy to process. The staircase is located at an angle, which depends on the height of the ceiling, so for rooms with a height of more than 2.5 m, such a staircase is not suitable, because takes up too much space. In addition, you will need to make an opening in the ceiling, which will cut down the size of the attic.
2. A two-flight (or more) attic staircase is suitable for large premises, because... takes up space under the turntable. Can be used for rooms of any height, allowing you not to cut off the width of the steps.
3. With the arrangement of winder steps - steps are mounted at the turning point irregular shape. This staircase is more compact, yet comfortable to climb.
4. Screw - the winder steps are attached to the support. Very compact, takes up minimal space, will fit into the design of any living room, veranda or bathhouse. One of the disadvantages is that it is unsafe; it is easy to trip on its steps, so it is important to make the steps from non-slip material.

There are two types of mobile attic stairs. Ladder- the most common during construction, it allows you to easily climb into the attic or attic, you can quickly do it yourself without using drawings. The width of the crossbars should not be too large so that it can be easily carried. Folding - consisting of folding sections that are closed with a hatch. Very convenient option for climbing into attic spaces that are used from time to time.

Features of the stairs in a house with an attic

When choosing a staircase to the attic, you need to consider several important points.

Namely:

1. First of all, you need a comfortable ladder, i.e. It should be equally comfortable to go down it lightly and with a load; folding stairs have a convenient closure.
2. Dimensions of the stairs - in small room it's important to choose suitable model so that it does not occupy the useful area of ​​the openings.
3. Where to place the stairs - important aspect. The location of stairs can be difficult due to the small size of the room or if the layout of the apartment is unsuccessful. In this case, the stairs are placed in an inconspicuous place, in a corner. But even so, the attic staircase can become bright accent rooms with skillful design.
4. As safe as possible - very important to do safe stairs, even if going up to the attic or second floor will be infrequent. It is best to avoid varnished or too smooth surfaces of steps, and be sure to consider the use of railings. Fastenings must be strong and reliable.

An attic staircase, in addition to its immediate function, can become a central stylistic accent; it can be the highlight of the first floor and set the tone for the design.

What materials to use and how to make a staircase to the attic

When choosing an attic staircase, first of all, you should take into account the installation location of the staircase (for the street or indoors) and the general style of the interior.

Namely:

1. The most common and available material for the manufacture of stairs - wood (oak, cedar, larch, ash, pine). Wooden stairs can take on all sorts of shapes, colors, and designs. In addition, wood is a strong and durable material, but we should not forget about additional processing by special means to increase the life of the stairs.
2. A metal staircase is strong and durable, which can be made in any style (from modern to vintage), it can be painted or use chrome elements. Can be installed indoors and outdoors.
3. Stone stairs are very original; they are as strong and durable as metal ones, but at the same time they are bulky. Therefore, it is better to use stone outside in brick or stone houses.

A very original and effective material is glass. Such stairs should be ordered only from trusted manufacturers, because... special thick tempered glass is used for stairs, which is completely safe.

Wooden staircase to the attic: do-it-yourself design and drawings

It is easy to purchase a ready-made staircase for an attic or attic (for example, from the Fakro company, which presents ready-made samples stairs).

If you decide to make the stairs yourself, then you should first develop a project, calculate the amount of materials, and make a drawing of the stairs.

There are special formulas for calculating the number of steps, the angle of inclination, the height and depth of steps and risers. They should not be neglected, otherwise the stairs may turn out to be uncomfortable and unsafe.

Calculation of stairs:

• The degree of inclination of the stairs with a single-flight design is 30-45;
• Make the depth of the steps from 300 mm;
• Take the height of the step no higher than 200 mm;
• The optimal march width is 1000 mm;
• We make the width of the stairs from 900 mm;
• We make the height of the handrails from 900 mm.

The number of steps and the width of the openings in the attic are calculated.

Beautiful one-flight staircase to the attic with your own hands

Preparatory work for the installation of the stairs begins with the preparation of the attic openings - if necessary, cut out a “door” in the ceiling.

The next steps look like this:

• Preparation and installation of stringers and open side beams with inside stairs;
• Preparation of steps;
• Preparing balusters and railings.

Having prepared all the materials, we begin to manufacture the attic staircase.

Namely:

1. First, the stringers are secured downwards, to the openings of the upper floor. For this they use metal corners and self-tapping screws.
2. Steps are attached to the stringers starting from the bottom, using self-tapping screws or special fastening knitting needles. If the staircase is closed, risers are installed.
3. To make the staircase reliable and durable, the steps are reinforced with corners and threaded rods.
4. The next stage is fastening the balusters and railings. They are attached to the treads for reliability.
5. Having sanded the surface, we cover it with special compounds, varnishes or paints.

The staircase to the attic or second floor will be strong if all installation conditions are met.

Compact staircase to the attic in a five-story building

In a house with a utility room above the fifth floor, it is possible to install a staircase to the attic.

Install stationary ladder It’s unlikely to work, so they use various options folding ladders that are mounted in the hatch.

The Fakro company, a well-known manufacturer of attic stairs, offers various models folding stairs:

1. Telescopic - made of metal sections and tubes that slide into each other, ensuring easy closing.
2. Scissor ladder: completely metal, easily unfolds like an accordion. Requires careful maintenance - lubricate folding parts on time.
3. Book ladder: The most popular type of folding ladder that works like a book. Consists of several sections fastened together with loops, and top part attached to the ceiling with hooks or latches.

Wall stairs are not the most popular staircase model. The steps here are attached with hinges on one side to the wall, and the other side can be moved sideways - to the wall.

DIY staircase to the attic (video)

So, there are a lot of options for attic stairs, depending on your needs, you can choose the necessary model.

Design of a staircase to the attic in a private house (interior photo)

The attic floor saves both money and Construction Materials, and location. Cold attic can be turned into useful space. You need to insulate the room, do the finishing, and you can build a staircase. Let's find out what options there are for such constructions, how to do it correctly so that the work is successful.

So, there are several types of stairs for the attic. The design layout depends on the type and size of the room. Important to do correct calculations so that the staircase is durable, comfortable, and reliable. A staircase of any shape is suitable for this purpose. Most often they make ordinary marching structures, the simplest ones. They also make various spiral staircases. They are beautiful and save space in the house.

How to choose right place location future design? The choice depends on the room above. If it is heated, then the staircase can be made in the living room or in the hallway.

If the room is cold, the attic is summer, it is better to make a staircase on the veranda, or even on the street. The main thing in choosing a place is that the slope is forty-five degrees. Then the design will be convenient. If there is a lot of space, you can make a staircase with two flights. If space is limited, we will make a spiral staircase.

If there is only the opportunity to build a steep staircase with one flight, then we will make winder steps. They are more comfortable. The attic staircase should be comfortable and safe. It should also be placed so as not to steal a lot of space from the ground floor. It is also worth considering the height of the floor. Let's look at how to make a spiral staircase, because it is the best space saver. Let's take wood for materials. And let's decide on our design. The features of the staircase are such that there is a supporting octagonal post, as well as flat handrails. The steps go around the rack.

Such a staircase can be located in one of the corners of the room, taking up very little space. If it is the only way up, then the opening needs to be made a little wider.

Otherwise, it will be difficult to lift objects such as furniture when necessary. Having chosen the location and shape of the opening, we begin to calculate the diameter of the structure. We measure the height, find the lower level of the structure, and determine the direction of the spiral of our future staircase. We choose the height of the risers and decide on the number of steps. Installation is carried out from below. All parts are fastened with special pins.

The central support is made of a board about thirty millimeters thick. The octahedrons need to be glued together for it. The stand should come out level. The base of the rack is a sheet of steel, to which a metal pipe is attached. We fix the stand to the floor. Now we install the steps. They rest on octagons on one side, and on consoles on the second side. We also make the handrail in a spiral shape. Job is done.

Design of stairs to the attic

An attic space can be very useful. You can make any room in this room. There you can arrange a bedroom, a nursery, or a study. You can make a very comfortable room if you implement various design solutions. It is also important to take care of the stairs. It must be safe, first of all. You can also apply some design ideas to it by decorating it.

The attic staircase should be a durable, high-quality structure. It should also be aesthetically attractive. The design can be very different. Fantasy can work at its best.

Let's first think about what types of stairs there are for the attic. The choice depends on how often this room will be used. If this is a country house, it will do simple staircase. If the room itself has a sense of solidity, you can choose a more interesting option.

So, there are several types of stairs. There is a screw, folding, attic staircase. And there is a design with one or several flights. Most effective option, this is a spiral staircase. It allows you to realize many stylish ideas. Design depends on general style building, and personal preference.

A lot also depends on the materials. There are wooden and metal stairs. And there are also designs made of glass, which allows you to especially distinguish yourself in style. Those who love the classics prefer wooden options stairs But metal also allows you to make a sophisticated and unusually elegant design. Therefore, you can combine these two materials by combining them. You can decorate a wooden staircase with forged parts. This will be a delightful way to decorate your home. The stone staircase also looks very beautiful.

Well, you can calculate the sizes. Do not forget to take into account the angle of inclination, as well as the width of the steps. This is important for comfortable use of the stairs. Sometimes it is difficult to find the line between practicality and aesthetics. But it needs to be done. Since the most important thing is the safety of the users of the future design. The interior of the staircase can give the whole house an atmosphere of comfort and warmth.

Every private house has an attic. But for easy access to it, you need a reliable ladder. If the structure is made inside, it will be more comfortable and cozy, especially in the cold months. But it happens that the house has already been renovated, everything is in its place, and you don’t want to clutter up the space, especially if there is already not enough of it. Therefore, sometimes the stairs are made on the street. Let's talk about this staircase.

There are several types of outdoor attic stairs. We need to decide on it. some types can only be installed in spacious yard, while others are suitable for more bottlenecks. The type of staircase also depends on the chosen material. There are stairs with electric drive. They extend vertically, which makes them very convenient. But making such a staircase is not easy. You need an electric drive, the ability to work with metal, and the ceiling height must be appropriate.

Another type is the accordion ladder. You can often see such designs in stores. The elements are connected and work like scissors. When the staircase is assembled, it attracts almost no attention. This design is simpler. Another type of staircase is a marching structure. It takes up enough space. Marches can be prefabricated or integral. They can be straight or curved. There may be one march, or maybe three platforms. They can be metal or made of wood. They are easy to make. It is this type of staircase that we will now consider in more detail.

It is important to follow safety precautions; this is the most important point in all work. The ladder must be made strong and also stable. Therefore, you need to think about it for her good material. There must be reliable railings. It is better to make the opening as wide as possible. It will need to be insulated. Also, the ladder must be load-resistant so that you can lift things and heavy objects along it.

The dimensions and characteristics of the staircase depend on the material.

The most accessible material is wood. You don't need any special skills to make such a staircase. To prevent the wood from rotting over time, you just need to treat it with special means, and it will be durable. These products will help the material become resistant to fire and precipitation. What can you say about metal? This is the most popular material for outdoor stairs to the attic. It is very reliable and durable, can withstand heavy loads, and does not deform. But you need skills to make such a structure. Therefore, let's look at how to make a wooden staircase.

We create a drawing on which we indicate everything necessary calculations. We purchase materials for the construction. We choose wood so that it is not wet or overdried. Also, there should be no cracks or deformations on it. To make steps, we will need boards, and we will also need timber for stringers. We apply markings to the timber. We cut out the teeth and install the steps.

Assembly is easy. We fix our steps.

Glass spiral staircase

design and dimensions of the staircase to the attic in a private house - photo, attic houses outside and inside: external staircase to the attic - entrance from the street, interiors of designer attic rooms - photo gallery

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Purchasing a ready-made staircase to the attic is not always the right decision. The internal dimensions of the rooms differ, and the design may simply not fit in size. Individual order - expensive pleasure. Therefore, many people think about making a staircase with their own hands.

Working locally is the optimal plan of action. This is how it will be possible to take into account any nuances of the layout of the house and eliminate inaccuracies in a timely manner. Any craftsman with even the slightest carpentry skills can construct a wooden staircase correctly.

Options for stairs to the attic: advantages and disadvantages of the main types

Device attic room- a relevant and effective method of expanding the living space of a private house. However, in this case, it is necessary to resolve the issue of climbing to the upper floor. Mistakes made during the design and installation of a staircase structure can “zero out” all the advantages of the attic space. An ill-thought-out location and type of construction can “eat up” the additional meters acquired when arranging a living room.

Based on the location of the staircase relative to the house, two types of structures are distinguished: external and internal.

An external staircase can be used as a temporary or permanent staircase. The external design has some features:

1. Attic floor with separate entrance allows you to delimit living space. This is especially true if the owner of the “attic” room wants to enter his room without disturbing the rest of the household.
2. The external staircase does not clutter up the space inside the premises, which is very important for houses with a small area.
3. It should be taken into account that intruders and thieves often try to enter through the external staircase. To arrange a house in an unguarded holiday village, it is better to choose internal compact structures.

Internal staircase layout is the most common option. If the area of ​​the house allows, then such a design - optimal solution. An attic staircase can become an interior decoration, and in winter time to get to the second floor you won’t have to cross the street. A possible disadvantage is the use of usable space.

Based on the type of construction, there are five main types of stairs to the attic:

By comparing the pros and cons, taking into account the dimensions of the room and existing circumstances, it will be possible to determine optimal design stairs for home.

Installation of stairs to the attic: basic terms

The main structural elements of the staircase are: stringer, tread and risers.

Stringer - load-bearing beam. Essentially, this is a board on which fragments have been cut for installing steps. During production wooden stairs The thickness of the stringer should not be less than 50 mm, the minimum permissible width is 250 mm. As a rule, two load-bearing beams are used. An additional stringer is installed if the width of the attic staircase exceeds 1.2 meters.

Tread is the horizontal part of the step that is stepped on while walking. When developing a drawing, it must be taken into account that the greater the distance between load-bearing beams, the stronger the steps should be. For the manufacture of these parts, boards with a thickness of 25-50 mm are used. The treads have an overhang of 20-40 mm over the proper step.

Riser - the vertical part between the treads. This structural element usually carries no load. In some versions of stairs, there are no risers at all - such a rise visually seems easier.

Choosing a material for making a wooden staircase to the attic

The staircase structure is a full-fledged part of the interior, and in the case of an external staircase to the attic, it is an important architectural element. When choosing the design and material of the stairs, you need to focus on the interior of the house.

Wooden stairs are suitable for many styles and easily fit into the interior. In addition, wood is easier to work with than other materials. Therefore, if you plan self-production stairs, it is better to choose wood.

Important! The tree needs protective treatment, increasing the material’s resistance to moisture and fire.

The staircase can be erected from both coniferous and deciduous wood. Perfect option Coniferous trees include cedar and larch. The wood looks good, is easy to process and practically does not rot.

Spruce is slightly inferior in its characteristics. Its main disadvantage is the presence large quantity knots. It is easy to work with pine; an additional advantage of wood is its affordable cost.

Of the hardwoods, oak is best suited for creating stairs. In second place operational characteristics- beech, and on the third - ash.

Metal attic stairs emphasize the individuality of the home design. The design is very durable and reliable. The metal can be given any color or chrome plated - the decision depends on the style of the attic and the entire room.

It is quite difficult to build a metal staircase yourself - you will need welding machine and experience working with it.

Stone or concrete stairs are heavyweights that visually burden the interior of the house. It is better to build such a rise outside the house. Subsequently, the stairs can be plastered and painted in a suitable shade.

How to make a staircase to the attic: step-by-step installation of a marching structure

Choosing a place to install the stairs

To install the stairs, you need to determine the most optimal place:

1. It is optimal if the entrance to the attic is located in a separate room such as a vestibule. This will allow you to equip the staircase with convenient dimensions and provide additional thermal insulation of the room. If necessary, the vestibule can simply be closed and cold air from the attic will not reach the lower floor. This is convenient if the attic is used as living room only in summer.
2. In the absence of a vestibule, it is better to erect the lifting structure near the far wall of the room. This arrangement saves usable space, and the steps will not interfere with walking around the room.
3. When planning the installation of folding steps, it is better to provide in the ceiling not just a passage, but a closing hatch - this will help minimize heat loss in the room.

Calculation of stairs and drawing up drawings

There are certain standards that determine the permissible values ​​of the main parameters of the stairs. Manufacturing of structures in compliance established sizes guarantees safety and ease of movement on the stairs. The following standards must be adhered to:

• the width of the stairs should not be less than 80-100 cm;
• comfortable step width - 20-32 cm (optimally - 30 cm);
• the narrow part of the winder step - at least 10 cm;
• riser height - 15-19 cm;
• the slope of the flight of stairs is 20-40°.

An approximate procedure for calculating the dimensions of the stairs:

1. Measure the floor height - the difference between the finished floor level of the lower floor and the attic. Let's say the value is 250 cm.
2. Determine the height and number of steps. To do this, the lifting height should be divided by the riser height (18 cm), that is: 250/18 = 13.88 pieces. Since fractional numbers are not suitable, 13.88 must be rounded to 14 pieces. Accordingly, the actual height of the steps will not be 18 cm, but 17.85 cm (250/14).
3. Calculate the length of the march. If we take the width of the steps as 27 cm, then the total length of the march will be 405 cm (14*27).
4. Based on the calculations performed, make a drawing and apply markings.
5. Then measure the distance between the edges attic floor. Mark the lines on the drawing.
6. Measure the distance from the edge of the attic floor to the steps of the stairs. According to GOST, this value must be at least 185 cm for unhindered movement along the stairs. If this size is smaller, then the length of the march must be reduced by increasing the height of the steps and reducing their number.
7. The calculation of stringers is carried out according to the formula: step height + step length * 4.76. That is: 4.05+2.5*4.76 = 4.75 m.
8. The width of the stringers should be doubled larger size riser, that is: 17.85*2=35.7 cm.

The procedure for assembling the stairs

Prepare boards for stringers - you need to buy them with a small supply. For example, if the required length of the stringer is 4.75 m, you need to take a board 5 m long. Mark the slots on the stringers using a carpenter's angle. Draw out the places for cutting the steps and number them.

Since the calculations were carried out without taking into account the thickness of the boards, this value must be taken into account when cutting the lower part of the stringer.

Important! After cutting out the stringers, they must be compared with each other - they must coincide clearly, otherwise it will not be possible to assemble a strong staircase.

The next stage is cutting out the platform beam. The width of the beam is calculated as follows: width of the staircase (90 cm) + double thickness of the stringer + 14 cm (depending on the parameters of the staircase). So, according to the example given, the platform beam is equal to: 90+2*5+14=114 cm. Two such beams will be needed.

Make cuts in the prepared beams, moving 7 cm from the edge. The width of the cuts should correspond to the thickness of the stringer. Then the beams are fixed to the ceiling using anchors.

Install stringers into the grooves and secure them to the beams with pins or dowels. The stringer, which is joined near the wall, is secured to it with anchors. Then the steps and risers are installed. Fixation of structural elements is carried out in one of the following ways: cutting, screws or dowels.

The final stage is the installation of balusters and the installation of handrails.

Installation of a spiral staircase in the attic

The design of a spiral staircase has a number of features that must be taken into account during design and installation:

• Spiral staircases usually have no risers;
• when people move, the middle of the steps is exposed to the main load, so the width of this part should be at least 20 cm;
• the narrowest part of the step should not be less than 10 cm;
• the optimal diameter of the screw structure is 220 cm;
• the branches of the steps should be located at a distance of about 2 meters from each other;
• the steps are arranged with a slight overlap - this provides additional structural strength; the edges of adjacent steps are connected by brackets.

Assembly sequence of a spiral staircase:

1. Installation of the support stand. TO wooden floor the beam is fixed with special fasteners, and it is concreted to the cement beam with braces.
2. Cut holes in the treads and “put” them on the support post.
3. Separate the steps with bushings required height. Place safety washers between the steps and bushings.
4. Distribute the steps according to the plan and secure with brackets.
5. Install railings and handrails.

Stairs to the attic in a private house: photo

Staircase to the attic: the dimensions of the structure allow for efficient use of space. Under the stairs there is a built-in kitchenette and a library.

Compact stairs to the attic, installed in the corner, are the best option for small spaces.

Metal external staircase to the attic: photo