Eco-friendly estate: TAMBUR – a small passage room in front of the entrance to the house, a kind of heat gate that regulates temperature fluctuations at the entrance and prevents the penetration of cold into the room.

TAMBUR is a small passage room in front of the entrance to the house, a kind of thermal gateway that regulates temperature fluctuations at the entrance and prevents cold from penetrating into the room. The history of the vestibule goes back to the distant past, but over many centuries its utilitarian purpose has not undergone significant changes. As before, it is designed to keep the house warm, as well as clean and tidy. Just as a theater begins with a coat rack, so a house begins with a vestibule. Therefore, it is important that the vestibule is not only warm, but also beautiful and fits into the architecture of the building.

Are planning

You need to plan the vestibule taking into account the local wind rose. It is better to place it on the leeward side. The vestibule can be located inside the building or outside in the form of an extension (risalit), and located two or three steps below the level of the first floor, it will trap the cold even more.

The front door must open outwards, this is important in relation to fire safety, as well as resistance to burglary. When choosing a floor covering, choose hard and non-slip materials.

The benefits of a vestibule

• ​Due to the sequential opening of the entrance doors, cold air remains between them and does not enter the living space.
• Household heat is retained and heating appliances do not “heat the street.”
• In summer, the house stays cool, especially if the air conditioner is running.
• Savings on heating and cooling costs.
• Drafts do not form, smoke and other odors, as well as dirt, do not penetrate into the house.
• Can be used to store things (shoes, etc.).

Isolate

Additional insulation for walls made of ceramic block or laminated veneer lumber is usually not required, but in the vestibule, experts advise insulating them with foam plastic, perlite or mineralized slabs; the latter - with mandatory film vapor barrier with inside and waterproofing from the outside. On the outside, a reinforcing mesh is strengthened on the heat-insulating layer and then covered with finishing paint or plaster.

The vestibule can be built using winter garden technology: aluminum or plastic frame with double glazing. The most important thing here is reliable docking profile design with the main wall. This is done like this: the expansion joint is eliminated - the gap left (20-50 mm) is filled with fiber insulation, and façade sealant is applied on top.

But such a seam is not suitable for joining the roof: it is better to cover the vestibule with an independent rafter structure, and close the joint from above with a strip.

On a note!
Make the most of your vestibule! Build a garage door into its side wall, and you will immediately notice that there is less dust and dirt in your home.

Will we heat it?

There is no clear answer to this question. Some experts advise including a vestibule in the circuit common system heating to prevent it from freezing in winter. Others adhere to building codes, according to which heating devices are not placed in vestibules so that they do not freeze. But there is Solomon’s solution: installing a cable heated floor, which is convenient for changing shoes, and air thermal curtain, which will prevent cold air currents from penetrating into your warm chambers.

Ergonomics of the territory
Often, by our own will, we turn the vestibule into anything, but not into the calling card of our home.

Here you have a storage room, a warehouse for old shoes, household supplies, and even the remains of building materials (you can’t even bring yourself to throw them away). If space allows, make a closed closet for this trash that is still needed in the household.

IMPORTANT!

1. Elementary actions will also help reduce heat loss: sealing cracks around the perimeter of doors, along baseboards and in corners with mineral wool or polyurethane foam, if the cracks are large, and caulk with tow and seal with insulating tape if the cracks are small.

2. Pay special attention to the doors: the warmth of your home will depend on their quality. For outdoor the door will fit metal with internal insulation or made of solid wood, and balcony door will become good decision for internal version.

Spacious vestibule idealbut suitable for storing a stroller or sled. And if the vestibule is small in size, you will have to limit yourself to a shelf for shoes, a small hanger and a mirror. Made in the same style, they will decorate your vestibule even better than a bulky closet from grandma’s bedroom.published

Unlike many places and objects in the house, the front door is never idle. Regardless of the activity or number of residents, the entrance to the house is always used: you go to the store or work in the garden, a neighbor or guests have come, the cat asks for warmth.

And while the door is in open position, not only gets into the house Fresh air, but also summer heat, winter cold, and those entering bring with them autumn dampness, road dust and dirt on shoes.

To solve such problems in private housing construction, a small room in the form of an extension is used - a vestibule. Due to various circumstances, not everyone feels it obvious advantages. Skeptics believe that there is little benefit from such a small room and there is no point in wasting space on it, and the problem of air exchange can be solved by installing a double or insulated entrance door.

This position is not without meaning and is quite viable, but only in the southern regions, where the climate is moderately mild, there are no significant temperature changes, prolonged autumn and heavy snowfalls. In all other situations, a well-equipped vestibule will be useful, and sometimes simply necessary. It’s worth clarifying right away that building regulations do not oblige the construction of a vestibule in a residential building. But according to them, there must be at least three doors between the street and the bedroom. The vestibule, being a kind of buffer between the external and internal front door, fits perfectly into this rule.

A special need for a thermal buffer is felt in winter. If there is only a door, even a double one, significant heat losses inevitable. No matter how insulated the door is, when it is opened, cold air immediately rushes inside without hindrance. If there is a vestibule, both doors do not open at the same time. Thanks to this, the incoming air remains here and does not penetrate into the rest of the house. Thus, the vestibule retains expensive heat in winter and coolness in summer, especially if there is a working air conditioner. This is where they linger unpleasant odors from the street, for example, smoke from fires. Despite the fact that this room is small in size, you can store shoes and outerwear here.

We are planning a vestibule

Since this construction is not mandatory, there are no regulations for the design of this area. But the vestibule cannot exist without entrance doors; in this regard, there are several points that help to properly arrange this room. The location of the entrance and, accordingly, the vestibule is influenced by the nature and wind rose of a particular area. To organize the entrance, the leeward side is preferable. In this case, the house will be somewhat warmer, because gusts of cold wind will not hit the door. Otherwise, when the entrance faces north, the vestibule will show its most effective performance. The air cushion of the vestibule buffer zone will not allow northern winds to cool the premises of the first floor.

In private housing construction, two versions of vestibules are used: internal and attached.

Among the advantages of the attached premises are the following points:

• the extension does not “eat up” the living space;
• the ability to create at any convenient time after the construction of the house;
• the cost of construction, even taking into account the presence of your own roof, is cheaper than the built-in option;
• can be written in the form covered with glass verandas;
• if there is free space, it can be used for storage gardening tools or for economic needs.

If the vestibule is made in the form interior space, it is also not without some advantages:

• such a room is more comfortable and warmer even in the absence of heating, since it is surrounded by walls of greater thickness;
• an extension, especially if it was built later, does not always fit into the architectural surroundings, and the interior cannot negatively affect the appearance of the house;
• If the house has a large area, it is easier to allocate internal space than to arrange the construction of an extension.

When designing an entrance, it is important to plan the door correctly. It should open outwards. This way it will be more protected from burglary and will ensure quick evacuation in the event of a fire. In addition, this arrangement of the door will provide more free internal space, which can be spent on something else. A window must be provided in the vestibule. For safety reasons, it is better to make it deaf and place it directly above the door. Light coming from above and below will provide the necessary illumination and, if this room is small, additional source not required.

Since this is a buffer zone, the coating here must be appropriate: hard, durable, not slippery when wet, and moisture resistant. As you know, cold air always remains below. If you lower the vestibule level a couple of steps below the floor, this will ensure additional protection from his entry into the house.

Creating a vestibule

The dimensions of the future extension are determined solely by the preferences of the owner of the home and his plans for further use. There is an opinion that building a vestibule that is too small is economically unjustified; it will be irrational in everyday life, since the limited space cannot be used in any other way. If you are still determined, then the whole process is not particularly difficult and is quite within the capabilities of one worker.

Construction starts from laying the foundation. For a small room, a light foundation is suitable. Usually these are piles installed at the freezing level and a concrete grillage. To install piles around the perimeter of the site, holes of the required depth are prepared. In this process, roofing material will not be superfluous; it will become both formwork during pouring and protection in further use.

When the piles are completely ready, work begins on the formwork for the grillage. If the structure needs to be raised above the ground, the desired height reach the sand cushion. Before pouring such a foundation, the bottom of the formwork is covered with film, and then reinforcement is laid. After preparing the foundation, you can begin to build walls. Using reinforcement outlets, the walls of the vestibule can be connected to the walls of the main building. Construction is completed with the installation of the roof.

Thermal insulation

In order for the vestibule to become a truly reliable barrier, its design must have certain thermal insulation properties. The basis of the thermal circuit − outer wall. If the vestibule is attached, it is blown by winds from three sides, so the thickness of the walls and the filling of the insulation cake must meet these conditions. As a rule, the same material is used to build the vestibule as for the construction of the rest of the house. If, for example, laminated veneer lumber was used to build the entire house, or ceramic blocks, general additional insulation not required, but in the case of a vestibule it is better to insulate it. To create an insulating layer, foam plastic, various mineral wools, and perlite are suitable. During installation, the insulation is reinforced with mesh and then finished with painting or plastering.

From point of view general design The vestibule room can be organized according to the principle of a winter garden. In this case, the main structure is a glazed plastic or metal profile. The main point worth paying attention to is the connection of the structure with the foundation and main walls of the building. Fiber insulation is used to seal the expansion joint. On the outside, the seam is protected from bad weather with waterproofing tape or sealant for outdoor use. When installing the roof, a different insulation technology is used. An independent structure is being prepared from rafters with cornice strip, which closes the joint.

Regardless of the design of the vestibule, it is important that there are no gaps. The most likely places for their formation: corners, baseboards, door perimeter. Ideally, such shortcomings should be eliminated at the construction stage. In any case, to solve such problems it is better to use mineral wool, tow, insulating tape, and also silicone sealants or polyurethane foam.
The door is part of the structure, and it thermal insulation properties must be on par. It is preferable to install entirely wooden or metal door with internal insulation. If there is a design from plastic profile The same door with partial glazing will do. If funds are limited, you can also install a regular interior door, having previously insulated it around the perimeter.

Vestibule heating

Among construction experts, the issue of vestibule heating causes a lot of controversy. Some are ardent opponents of active heating of this room. Others suggest installing a main circuit here, like in any other room, arguing that an unheated room in severe frost can become so cold that it ceases to function as a thermal barrier. Construction rules do not recommend placing heating devices in rooms with external doors. The reason for this is that in critical frosts there is a possibility of the coolant freezing. Not only can a traditional steam circuit freeze, it also wastes energy. Experienced house designers also recommend abandoning the use of steam heating systems here, but are not fundamentally against air heating. After all, the purpose of a vestibule as a building is to be a buffer room for mixing the heat of the house with the flow of cold air from the street.

The following options are possible to solve the heating problem:

The first is laying an electric heated floor into the screed. Such unobtrusive heating will correspond to the functional purpose of the room and provide a sufficient level of heat for storing outerwear and shoes here. At the same time, on very cold days it is an absolutely safe option. An additional advantage is efficiency, autonomy, and the ability to be switched on separately from the main system. The second solution is an active electric heat fan. Such equipment is installed vertically to supply air in a given direction. Working in pairs, the installation is capable of creating a curtain that completely blocks access to cold flows into the living rooms of the house. This option is also safe and economical. InnovaStroy offers high-quality engineering work, including the installation of different heating equipment options.

Interior decoration

The special conditions in which the premises are located throughout the year, such as temperature changes and significant changes in humidity, do not allow using all the capabilities of modern finishing. In addition, you need to immediately expect that this room will contain dust from the street, dirt, snow and moisture from wet boots. Accordingly, materials that will make it possible to carry out wet cleaning without consequences are preferred for walls and ceilings. The easiest option to install and maintain would be plastic panels; it’s even better to decorate everything with plaster and then paint. To save money, you need to immediately choose facade paint, otherwise you will have to repaint the vestibule every year. Traditional for interior work gypsum materials should not be considered at all. Under such conditions, the coating will quickly deteriorate. Since the vestibule does not always have artificial lighting, for finishing would be better suited light color palette. Besides light walls will visually increase the volume small room.

The vestibule floor should become synonymous with durability and practicality. Priority in choosing should be given to wear-resistant and moisture-resistant materials: linoleum, ceramics or natural stone.

Using the vestibule

Some business owners assign the vestibule the role of a storage room. They keep a bunch of old things here, shoes, gardening and household tools, bags with leftover building materials. All this is very economical, but in the end the already small space is cluttered, it is difficult to clean, and sometimes it is simply impossible to walk through it. Use the area of ​​a small vestibule only for storage systems for unused shoes and outerwear, preferably closed ones. Don’t leave the clothes you wear for the season here. Store it in the hallway or your closet. Hooks for umbrellas, brushes or keys will be useful in the vestibule. A mirror will decorate the free wall. Use the extra space as a “garage” for a sled or baby stroller. If your vestibule is deep enough, don’t skimp on space for a built-in closet. It will become a haven for those items that do not fit well in the house, for example, skis, gymnastics hoop, etc. If you don’t want a closet, make a mezzanine. There you can hide boxes from prying eyes household appliances, which under warranty cannot be thrown away, empty glass containers, sports equipment.

If the garage is attached to the house, it will be very convenient to make an exit into it from the vestibule. However, this is another source of cold air. But if the door to the garage and the entrance door are not located relative to each other on the same axis, the ventilation of the vestibule is minimal. Especially considering that both doors will not be open at the same time. However, this arrangement also has its drawbacks. If you brought furniture to the garage, it will be difficult to bring it into the house through the corner passage of a small vestibule. The choice of a garage door must also be approached carefully. Let it be less warm, but it must be absolutely airtight. Gas from car exhaust or the smell of fuel should not pass through it into the house.

The fight for purity

Dirt on shoes can tell you where a person has been during the day. Small pebbles, snow, and dust will eventually come home with your shoes and find their place. It is necessary to make sure that the vestibule is the place where all the dirt remains without getting into the house. Usually the whole struggle ends with laying the rug on a rag or rubber base. They quickly fill with dirt and cease to perform their functions.

Dirt protection systems are the most effective in operation and easy to maintain. They are made from metal, aluminum, and combined with rubber inserts. They perfectly collect coarse dirt and prevent thin heels of women's shoes from getting stuck.

A vestibule is necessary in any private home. Many people do not pay enough attention to this small room, believing that the vestibule is only suitable for storing clothes and shoes, but this is not so. It is very important to avoid drafts, additionally insulate the front door and minimize the entry of street dust directly into the house. In addition, the design of this room is also important: since the vestibule usually occupies a minimum area, its decoration should be simple and concise. At the same time, it’s worth furnishing the vestibule as comfortably as possible, because it is this space that you find yourself in right from the doorstep.

Types of vestibules

Tambours are not always installed in front of the entrance to the house, but recently they have become increasingly popular. To save money, vestibules are made in the form frame extensions having a polycarbonate base, and a more expensive option is brick extension, which is also often done for big houses. This space is important to minimize the entry of cold air and dust into the living space. At the same time, vestibules are very diverse.

• Tambour-hallway- This is the most common option. In this case, there is no need for an additional hallway directly in the house - very often it is not installed at all. Thus, this vestibule allows you to save space - this will be an ideal option for small houses in which you want to use every square meter as rationally as possible. In such a space you can place a small wardrobe, hooks, shelves for shoes and a mirror. Important good lighting for maximum convenience.

Good lighting is important for maximum comfort.

• Tambour-veranda or combined with a balcony- this is usually enough spacious room With large windows, which can be used for outdoor recreation. There is often a small table, a bench, miniature cabinets for storing things, and seedlings or indoor plants can be grown on the windowsills. For supporting comfortable temperature It’s better to make double-glazed windows and an insulated front door. A similar layout is often chosen in spacious private houses or cottages.

• Tambour-seni often done in residential buildings: this option involves using the space for household needs. This is an ordinary insulated porch where everything needed for gardening, repairs and cleaning the house is usually stored. However, even such a space can be stylishly decorated by placing all the necessary things in cabinets.

Finishes and materials

The decoration of the vestibule can be very different - everything will depend on your budget, the design of the exterior of the house, as well as the need to seriously insulate the vestibule or simply avoid drafts. Materials for the vestibule can be varied - consider all the options and determine Which the best way suitable for your home:

• Plastic vestibule- This is enough economical option, which is often made for middle-class homes. In this case, the walls are assembled from PVC panels - this material is quite durable and resistant to changes in weather conditions. It’s not difficult to assemble such a vestibule even on your own. At the same time, it is very important to insulate it. This can be done by upholstering the walls with additional insulation - the cheapest and most traditional option is felt, but there are also more modern thermal insulation materials.

• Brick vestibule For brick house will look the most harmonious, and will also be the most durable and practical of all possible options– such a structure will last for decades and will be able to protect the interior space from wind and cold. The brick should be chosen to match the color of the house so that the vestibule fits into a single ensemble with the main structure. A brick vestibule always looks good and often does not even require additional finishing from the inside, which is one of the absolute advantages.

A brick vestibule always looks good and often does not even require additional finishing from the inside, which is one of the absolute advantages.

• Glass vestibule often made to be used as a veranda. Can be made completely open glass walls and a ceiling on a frame. Such a project will not be cheap, especially considering that all glass must be insulated for a comfortable stay inside in cold weather. At the same time, such an unusual design solution is certainly worth the money: you will get a wonderful view of the yard and will be able to feel like a part of nature, and indoor plants will feel great in this vestibule. One of possible problems there may be a need for regular wet cleaning so that the glass remains transparent.

• Wooden vestibule most typical for the same wooden houses. However, any option can be used to decorate the outside or inside with wood - for example, brick or plastic. The tree is not the most practical material On average, such vestibules have to be repaired after 10-12 years. At the same time, wood can look excellent; it leaves a lot of room for imagination: you can make carved decorations, varnish the boards or paint them in any color. Wood will fit perfectly into a country style design and will allow you to fully feel like a part of nature.

Deciding on the size

Many people refuse a vestibule for the reason that in a small house it will take up too much space, which they want to use as economically and expediently as possible. However, the vestibule may not take up as much space as it seems. Consider the following popular sizes and decide How spacious a vestibule do you need?

• The minimum depth of the vestibule is considered to be 1.4 m, and the width should be only 1 m. Many owners small houses economy class it seems that the smallest vestibule is optimal solution, although this is by no means always true. In a more spacious vestibule, you can place functional cabinets and shelves, and, with a minimal vestibule size, it will take up space without performing any practical function.

Therefore, such a vestibule-porch should be made more likely in a spacious house, where it is possible to create a separate hallway and veranda.

• Suitable for maximum space saving medium-sized vestibule with a width of 3-4 m. In this space you can easily arrange a hallway: you can put a small closet, place open wall shelves or shelves for shoes, hang coat hooks and put a mirror. Thus, inside the house itself there will be no need for a hallway.
• Spacious vestibules in private homes with a width of more than 5 m owners often arrange it like a veranda. It’s especially good if the vestibule is located big window or is it possible to do mirror wall. At good insulation, such a vestibule will become a favorite place for breakfast or dinner in a small family. It is enough to put a small table and a few chairs.

DIY vestibule

If desired, you can even build a vestibule with your own hands. It is an ordinary extension to a private house. If the house has a porch, the task will be significantly simplified - you just need to surround it with walls. If there is no porch, you will need to make a foundation and a floor: if you have never done construction, For this it is worth engaging professionals, otherwise, such an extension may become askew or collapse in just a few years.

When creating a vestibule in place of a porch, it is important to initially draw up the project correctly. Consider the following nuances:

• The vestibule walls can be made from a wide variety of materials. It can be wood, brick or PVC. PVC is the easiest to work with, although brick and wooden walls You can also do it yourself.
• Walls made of wood or PVC should be installed on a frame. It can be made from wood or metal rods. If you can't handle welding, a wooden option is the way to go.
• For insulation inner surface walls should be lined with felt or modern materials, retaining heat. Then the walls can be finished with plasterboard, painted or wallpapered.

• If possible, it is worth making a vestibule with a window - this will be especially useful for a spacious vestibule. At the same time, if you want to make glazing with double-glazed windows that will not allow cold air to pass through, you will have to turn to professionals for this.
• The plan should be developed taking into account how the extension is located in relation to the house. For example, you may have a house with a vestibule on the side or front. Consider how the home will be accessible from the street, but also how the vestibule will affect the appearance of the home. If you have cottage with a separate vestibule, there is no need to build it too wide. It is important that the extension looks harmonious.
• Think about the lighting of the room in advance. If you have absolutely small vestibule or option with a window, one lamp will be enough. For spacious extensions you need bright light from one or more sources. This is especially important if you are going to use the vestibule as a hallway.

See below for a master class on building a vestibule.

Vestibule interior design

Many people neglect interesting design solutions in the vestibule, without considering it as a full-fledged part of the house. At the same time, the environment at the threshold of a living space is very important - this is what will allow you to feel comfort from the very entrance to the house. You can make almost any design inside the vestibule - everything will depend on the layout, purpose of the room, and also on your tastes.

Ceiling decoration is usually not very diverse. Most often it is simply covered with white plaster, less often it is made suspended ceilings. Sometimes the ceiling in the vestibule can be horizontal, and sometimes it is left in the shape of a triangular roof - both of these options can look good.

In a spacious vestibule, some place lamps along the entire perimeter of the ceiling, but usually limit themselves to one light source.

The floor can be finished in many different ways. Consider the following options:

• Some people prefer to leave the floor concrete, but in this case it will always be cold: you should lay down a carpet and walk only in shoes.
• Linoleum is an inexpensive option that will allow you to finish the floor, and laying it yourself is not at all difficult. At the same time, in the vestibule of a private house this option often turns out to be not very practical; linoleum quickly gets scratched and torn.
• Instead of linoleum you can put quality laminate. It will look better, last longer, and will also be warmer. In addition, now you can find laminate with very interesting designs - for example, multi-colored or monotonous options that imitate wood, as well as models with prints and ornaments.

• Parquet is a fairly expensive covering that is rarely installed in a vestibule. At the same time, it can look great, last for decades, and will also make you feel closer to nature - this is an excellent option for lovers of country style.
• Many people tile the floor. This can look very interesting, because the choice of modern tile options is extremely large. In addition, you can cover the stairs with the same tiles, which will make the design more seamless and harmonious.

The design of the walls leaves the greatest scope for imagination. The most possible different variants– it all depends on your preferences and layout:

• Wallpaper is used quite rarely - due to the temperature contrast, it can quickly peel off, so it is only suitable for temporary decoration.
• The easiest way to beautifully decorate the walls in a room is to simply paint them. If the walls are perfectly smooth, you can apply a thin layer of paint just on the plaster, and it will look good. If the walls are not made perfectly, you can give them texture - now there are techniques for applying relief paint with strokes or splashes - this will help make minor imperfections invisible.

You should choose dark or pastel paint, depending on the area. You shouldn’t make white walls, because they will quickly get dirty, and designers also recommend avoiding bright colors in small spaces.

Behind last decade private home ownership has gained mass popularity and has become almost a trend in the modern world. People are increasingly striving to get out of stuffy walls apartment buildings, purchasing real estate outside the city limits. Depending on the financial opportunities, cottages are being built from scratch, houses in the village are being rebuilt or cottages are being refurbished so that you can comfortably spend the winter in nature, away from the bustle of the city.

However, not all city dwellers, having decided to move to the bosom of nature, know the intricacies of village construction that we inherited from our ancestors. One of these subtleties is the presence of a vestibule, or simply a vestibule, in a private house. Those same ordinary canopies, sung in the lyrics and rustic prose of Russian classics.

What is it and what is it for?

vestibule in modern construction called the buffer zone between the street and the entrance door to the residential premises. As a rule, the vestibule is small but sufficient in size to regulate air flows coming from the street. This is especially important during the cold season.

When you open the entrance door of the vestibule, the flow of cold air does not immediately penetrate into the house.

This is why our ancestors built canopies - cold air is dispersed in the transit space, allowing the main living space to be kept warm, and warm air from the house does not escape outside when the front door is opened, since the vestibule door is already closed by that time.

According to modern building standards, doors living rooms must be separated from the street by at least three doors, this will preserve optimal temperature bedrooms and will reduce heating costs.

But not all builders and the owners themselves agree to heed these valuable tips: many believe that the vestibule takes away unnecessary square meters from the living space of the house and it is better to make a double insulated door. However, a double door retains heat better only in closed, and when opened, it lets cold air immediately into the house, since the doors are located so close that they open simultaneously.

In addition, the canopy also served as a utility unheated room where gardening tools and canned supplies for the winter could be stored, and also had an entrance to other utility rooms adjacent to the house. Currently, the entrance to the garage or boiler room is often made from the vestibule.

Another significant advantage of the vestibule is that with its presence, a significant proportion of street dirt and water is not carried directly into the house. You can leave your outerwear in the vestibule, shake off snow and rain moisture, and change your shoes.

Types of vestibule in a private house

According to the principle of purpose, the vestibule can be divided into several types:

• vestibule. Unheated room, serving as a buffer zone between the living space and outbuildings. It serves as a thermal cushion for heating the house, and also eliminates the need to go outside to get into the garage or boiler room. It is desirable to have at least one small window in the vestibule;

• vestibule-hallway. A warm room that is an extension of the house. Here, as a rule, there are wardrobes for outerwear, cabinets for shoes, mirrors and shelves for them. Such a vestibule is a continuation, and in fact a full-fledged corridor of the house, so it is insulated, heated and lit.

• vestibule-veranda. Most often this is a room attached to the house with a large number of glazed windows.

In the summer season, this bright room is used as a veranda and a place to relax, and in the winter it serves as a thermal cushion and prevents the porch from developing ice if the staircase is built into the veranda itself.

Dimensions

According to building regulations dimensions vestibules in a private house should have a minimum room depth of 1.2-1.5 m so that the front door of the house can open freely without disturbing at least one person in the buffer zone. This is done to preserve warm air, which, when opening the door, will not immediately mix with the street air. By the time it opens street door from the vestibule, the door to the house is already closed, and accordingly the heat is retained.

Doors from the house to the vestibule and from the vestibule to the street must open outward.

Device and location

Since the vestibule serves primarily for significant heating savings, you should consider maximum efficiency its location and device.

In multi-storey urban buildings, the entrances themselves serve as vestibules; in some of the houses, separate vestibules for several apartments are designed, which become additional utility room. At the entrances themselves they are often installed double doors with a vestibule on the ground floor at the entrance, this is also done to preserve heat in the entrance during the cold season.

Depending on the type of construction in a private house, the vestibule can be built-in, that is, located within the contour of the foundation of the entire house, or be a separate extension. In the first case, you can simply highlight the vestibule by installing a partition, and in the second, it is built as an independent building, according to all the rules and nuances of construction, starting with laying the foundation.

The vestibule can be a frame attached structure made of an aluminum profile, sheathed with material or completely glazed from ceiling to floor with a PVC profile. In this case, the vestibule will be an airy veranda.

Entrance room projects

The entrance, located on the north side, is best protected from the wind by a built-in vestibule. It can also serve as a convenient transition to the garage and protect the front door of the house from rain and gusts of wind.

On the south and south-west side it is not recommended to build a glazed vestibule-veranda, since the sun is in summer time will turn the room into a steam room, and the opportunity to relax on the veranda will be reduced to zero, since the sun will shine through the southwestern windows of the veranda until late in the evening.

In the attached vestibule there is often a porch structure, and, accordingly, a staircase leading into the house. This will prevent icing of the dangerous area, and will also allow you to take out keys, shake off clothes, close and open the doors of the house, while being protected by the canopy and walls from snow, wind and rain.

As a rule, the vestibule is built from the same material as the house. However, this is not at all necessary: ​​a vestibule attached to a brick house may well be made of wood materials on a stone foundation.

It is not necessary to make a vestibule door at the entrance to the house. If it is possible to make a spacious entryway, then the entrance to it can be on the side of the house. This will further preserve the thermal air cushion between the house and the street. The plan of a one-story house with a separate vestibule can be designed in such a way that you get a spacious glazed veranda that goes around the entire house or part of it.

Vestibule finishing

The material for covering the floor, ceiling and walls of the vestibule is selected depending on the purpose and type of extension. If this is a vestibule-hallway built into the thermal contour of the house, then the decoration will fully correspond to the interior. In this case, it is necessary to insulate floors and walls, install heating, install double-glazed windows or do without window openings at all in order to retain heat as much as possible.

A cold attached vestibule that serves as a canopy can be lined with polycarbonate - it will protect from wind and rain and create an air cushion.

Arrangement of the interior of the vestibule

The internal arrangement of the vestibule depends on its secondary purpose. If you want to make the extension as functional as possible, it will not be difficult. If the size allows, then even in a cold, uninsulated room you can place furniture for garden tools, heaters and thermal curtain systems, as well as shelves for items that are used only in the warm season.

Insulation

Despite the fact that the main function of a cold extension is to create a protective zone in front of the front door, which prevents the door from freezing at low temperatures, it can also perform more diverse tasks. Thus, even incomplete insulation of the extension can create an optimal microclimate for a gradual transition to frosty air. For example, if you are dressing a child or waiting for the household to gather, one of you will have to stand fully dressed.

In this case, the cool veranda will prevent those already dressed from overheating, while at the same time eliminating the need to wait in the frosty air.

The attached room does not provide sources of main heating, as this is an unnecessary and unprofitable expenditure of resources. The materials used to cover the walls and floor can serve as insulation. IN frame buildings There are niches for insulation inside the cladding, and materials with heat-saving surfaces are suitable for brick extensions.

If possible, you can insulate specific area floor with a heating cable laid in one of the corners. This place will serve as a shoe dryer in the autumn-winter period, and at the same time maintain a certain temperature throughout the room.

To learn how you can insulate walls from the inside, see the following video.

Glazing options

IN ideal Openings for windows are included in the design of the vestibule. This helps in saving energy – in daytime no need to use artificial lighting. However, in a spacious, insulated vestibule with large window openings, you will have to take care of high-quality glazing of the openings, otherwise warm air will not linger in the room. In the case of a vestibule-hallway with windows built into the thermal circuit of the house, it is necessary to install double-glazed windows, as in all living rooms.

If the vestibule-veranda does not require additional heating, then you can glaze the window openings with ordinary windows. This will solve the lighting problem and protect from rain and wind.

Doors

If the extension room does not serve as a storage facility for valuables, then the door can be very ordinary, with a simple lock. Its main function is protection from bad weather and precipitation, as well as the aesthetic function of decorating the front entrance of the house. The entrance door to the house itself should not only be reliable protection from intruders, but also well-insulated, preventing escape warm air. Ideally, the space between two doors should be one and a half to two steps of an adult, so that one of the doors has time to be closed when the other opens. Thus, both doors of the vestibule, with correct distance from each other will save on heat energy costs.

Roof

The installation of a roof is intended only for vestibule projects that are external extensions to the main facility. For the roof of an extension, a certain configuration is required for the slope of precipitation, as well as fastenings inside the room, that is, a sufficiently strong base and frame. Do not forget about drainage so that raindrops do not fall in a stream onto the space in front of the door.

You can understand a lot by how the entrance to a house looks.

It allows you to learn about the character, preferences and mood of the owner. The part of the building that separates the site and the living space is very important and requires a special approach to design. After all, here it is necessary to take into account the style and general design of the site, as well as the buildings located on it.

Depending on the design of the main building, the porch can be made in a simple style or decorated architectural elements, which will help make it more luxurious.

What is it needed for

Entrance hall in a brick house for year-round use

In the vast majority of private buildings vestibule in front of the main door acts as an important functional element of the building.

It is entrusted with the function of protecting premises from dampness and low temperatures. If the building is intended to be lived in only during the summer season, then it is not necessary to do so.

After all, even in a cold building in the summer, the owner will be able to feel comfortable. It's a different matter when it comes to capital wooden buildings located in the northern regions of Russia.

Outdoor build option

Based on the architectural design of the building, installation is carried out in two ways:

• In the recess. In this case, this element is, as it were, built into the main building.
• Outdoors. With this option, it is moved beyond the boundaries of the façade plane.

It must have a depth of at least 1.2 m. The doors can be located in different ways, but in terms of practicality it is better if they are installed at an angle of 90 degrees, although this deprives the building of a formal appearance. This type of device is most often found where there is a need to create an additional passage.

Choosing a design

An original terrace that combines the entrance to the building, a corridor and a relaxation area

To decorate the vestibule, you can use the most various solutions in the field of design.

Most often the choice is made in favor of terraces, loggia or porch.

However, in addition to them, there are other, rarer solutions that are selected taking into account the topography of the adjacent area, natural factors, meteorological conditions prevailing in a particular region.

Also, when choosing the preferred option, other factors must be taken into account:

• building materials chosen by the owner to implement the idea;
• financial opportunities;
• personal tastes of the owners.

Entrance to a building with an attached outdoor wooden terrace

To the way to the house stood out favorably in the overall interior; planning and decorative tools can be used for finishing.

The best results come from using both products simultaneously. So, it can be placed in a niche or on a loggia, in the center of the wall or on the side of it, as well as under the second floor balcony.

An interesting solution is to place the door in the central part of the facade. Then it will help the structure look more solemnly, and to enhance the ceremonial effect, you can use decorative elements or architectural techniques.

To do this, steps are erected in front of it, an unusual canopy with columns is arranged, and large stone vases with ornamental plants are placed next to the door.

Planning a site for a building

Rectangular open area

During the construction process, the owner has to solve many important issues.

One of them is determining the optimal floor level. Ideally, the floor is located at a height of 30 to 60 cm from ground level. In this case, they build in front of the door platform, and in height it should be located approximately 5 cm below the floor level.

In addition, you will need to make a slight slope of the site, which should be 2 cm for every meter of length. This solution will help rainwater drain naturally and not stagnate.

The platform can be made V different shapes - semicircular, oval or rectangular. As for the size, it is necessary to proceed from the fact that there should be enough space to freely accommodate 3-4 people.

For construction of the site you can use concrete slab or brickwork.

As finishing material stone, natural or artificial, ceramic tiles, as well as other materials that seem suitable to the owners can be chosen.

Platform finished with natural stone

The main thing is that they tolerate low temperatures and moisture well. To ensure that the owner and other residents do not have difficulties getting up to the site, several steps are attached to it.

Since the first floor will be located on a slight elevation relative to the ground level, it will require the manufacture of a staircase, which will be installed during the construction of the house. With her registration you need to remember the following points:

• must correspond appearance facade;
• have a high level of safety during use, regardless of weather conditions;
• provide the maximum level of convenience for all residents, regardless of their age.

Stairs can be made in the most various options. However, experts still recommend adhering to the recommended dimensional characteristics so that it does not harm the interior:

• width from 110 cm;
• height of steps 12-18 cm;
• step depth 28-35 cm.

It is advisable to make the angle of inclination of the stairs as small as possible. This will help ensure maximum comfort when climbing it.

White terrace with steps and wooden railings

When placing steps, you need to remember that the treads are installed with a slight outward slope of 2 to 3 mm. This will help avoid accumulation of water and the formation of ice cover. To ensure the maximum level of safety when using stairs with a height of more than 100 cm, it is recommended to equip them with handrails.

If design concept If your home has certain monumental decorations, you can abandon standard fences and use sculptural elements, flowerpots with plants and other decorations instead.

Depending on personal preferences regarding construction and decoration, the owner can use various materials for the construction stairs. It could be like brickwork, as well as metal or wood. They can also be used for steps, although this is not necessary. It can also be reinforced concrete stringers.

After completing the installation of the staircase, you need to take care of its protection.

To do this, the interior is treated:

• metal structures are coated with primer and paint;
• Wood products are treated with antiseptic compounds and fire retardants.

How to do without a vestibule

Canopy in front of the entrance, decorated with metal forging

If space on the site does not allow or the house plan does not provide for a vestibule, then you can do without it by equipping the door with a canopy or canopy. It makes sense to think about the construction of this façade element if:

• the project does not provide for the presence of a large roof overhang above the entrance;
• it is not located in the loggia or under the balcony.

It should be said that visor is very important element, playing an important role in interior design. It protects the door from raindrops falling on it and from getting the owners wet when they look for the keys and open the lock.

If you additionally equip the visor with lighting, this will help to further simplify the procedure for opening the door.

Depending on the design, visors come in two types:

• Console. It is installed in a flat wall and rests on cantilever beams.
• A canopy installed on special supports - walls, columns or pillars.

No less important is what kind of roofing material will be used when installing a visor. It could be:

• Transparent slate;
• Plexiglas;
• Stekloprofilit;
• The material chosen for the manufacture of the roof of the house is corrugated sheet or ceramic tiles.

Porch

When the owner of a private house moves to the stage registration opening, then most often he begins to build a porch.

In the design of this part of the residential building, the following mandatory elements can be distinguished:

• Brackets or posts that provide support for an awning;
• Canopy and side walls;
• Fencing.

Original porch with a canopy, decorated with a climbing rose

If you approach its design correctly, it will not only help make the facade more attractive, but will also provide it with protection from snow or rain.

Some time ago the porch was built traditionally in the center of the wall. Today, a more democratic approach is used in the design of such structures. Alternatively, it can be moved towards the side walls of the building, and it can have a rectangular or asymmetrical extended shape towards the door. The additional space that arises can be used as a veranda, where, after completing the main work on decorating the porch, you can place a table, benches and chairs.

If the opening is located above ground level at the height of one step, the porch can be installed directly on the ground.

If it is more than one step away from the ground, then a foundation is made under it, which is made of rubble, brick or concrete.

The foundation in this case will act as a support for steps or stringers. To avoid possible subsidence, it is recommended to lay the foundation at the same depth as the base, always combining them into a single structure.

To build the porch, you can use the same materials that were chosen for the construction of the walls of the room. Although another option is possible, when choosing a material that matches the texture of the interior.

Veranda and its advantages in rural areas

Veranda on wooden stilts

In villages and villages, access to the house is through the veranda premises. This part of the building is significantly expands living area.

The owner can experience all the benefits of having a veranda in the summer, when this space can be used as a dining room or summer kitchen. It also brings benefits in winter, when it begins to act as a heat gateway. If you additionally decorate this room beautifully, it will help make your country cottage or dacha more attractive.

In most cases, insulation of veranda premises is not practiced. Instead it is executed glazing most of the wall surface. However, in summer, in extreme heat, this can lead to severe overheating. For this reason, it is necessary to consider other options at the design stage - for example, installing removable or opening frames.

IN last years Sliding wall structures are increasingly being installed, with the help of which you can turn an ordinary veranda into an open terrace.

Spacious veranda with opening frames

Such structures include several glass sections that are connected to each other using metal hinges. During opening they gather in the form of an accordion.

When they are closed, each section is fixed with metal hooks to a horizontal pipe.

Also, brackets can be used as fastening elements, which move to the right or left along a guide installed horizontally.

When engaged in construction, a thrifty owner always thinks about how to properly design entrance. Among the possible options, the most practical seems to be the installation of a vestibule.

Asymmetrical glazed vestibule

If you approach the implementation of this idea correctly, you can not only make the building more attractive, but also insulate this part of the building, through which a significant part of the accumulated heat is lost.

But the final solution The owner himself must decide on the construction of the vestibule. After all, some owners can completely do without it, thereby saving considerable sums on construction.