What is HVS. What you need to know about paying for housing and communal services and how to reduce it. Varieties of cold water and hot water meters, which water meter is better suited for an apartment

In the near future, residents will start paying for hot water according to a new principle: separately for the water itself and separately for heating it.
So far, enterprises and organizations are already using the new rules, but the old accounting department remains for the residents. Due to the communal confusion, the housing and communal services refuse to pay to the heat and power engineers. Fontanka understood the complexities of the two-component tariff.

Earlier

Until 2014, the population and business structures paid for hot water in the following way. For the calculation, it was necessary to know only the consumed amount of cubic meters. It was multiplied by the tariff and by the figure artificially derived by officials - 0.06 Gcal. It is this amount of thermal energy, according to their calculations, that is needed to heat one cubic meter of water. As Irina Bugoslavskaya, Deputy Chairperson of the Tariff Committee, told Fontanka, the indicator “0.06 Gcal” was derived from the following data: the temperature of the hot water provided should be 60 - 75 degrees, the temperature of the cold one used to prepare hot water should be 15 degrees in winter, 5 degrees in summer. According to Bugoslavskaya, the officials of the committee made several thousand measurements by removing information from metering devices - the artificially derived figure was confirmed.

In connection with the use of this payment method, a problem arose associated with risers and heated towel rails connected to the hot water supply system. They heat the air, that is, they consume Gcal. From October to April, this heat energy is added to heating, but they cannot do this in summer. For a year now, a system has been in effect in St. Petersburg, according to which payments for heat supply can be collected only during the heating season. In this regard, unaccounted heat is generated.

Solution

In May 2013, federal officials came up with a way out of the situation of unrecorded heating with heated towel rails and risers. For this, it was decided to introduce a two-component tariff. Its essence lies in the separate payment for cold water and its heating - thermal energy.

There are two types of heating systems. One implies that the hot water pipe departs from the one that is intended for heating, the other implies that for hot water, water is taken from the cold water supply system and heated.

If hot water is taken from the same pipe as heating, then payment for it will be calculated taking into account the costs associated with chemical treatment, staff salaries, equipment maintenance. If cold water is taken from the State Unitary Enterprise "Vodokanal of St. Petersburg" for heating, then the payment for it is taken according to the tariff - now it is a little more than 20 rubles.

The heating tariff is calculated based on how much resources were spent on the production of heat energy.

Confused dwellings

On January 1, 2014, a two-component tariff was introduced for consumers who do not belong to the “population” group, that is, for organizations and enterprises. In order for the townspeople to be able to pay according to the new principle, it is necessary to amend the regulations. Paying under the new system is prohibited by the rules for the provision of utilities. With residents still paying under the old scheme, housing organizations serving non-residential buildings have a new headache.

Charging for hot water supply consists of two parts, or components, each of which is highlighted in a separate line in the receipt - DHW and DHW heating. This is due to the fact that in the houses of the Academicheskiy water preparation is carried out directly by the management company in the individual heating points of each house. In the process of preparing hot water, two types of communal resources are used - cold water and heat energy.

The first component, the so-called

DHW supply- this is directly the volume of water that passed through the hot water meter and was consumed in the room in a month. Or, if the readings were not taken, or the meter turned out to be faulty or the verification period has expired - the volume of water determined by calculation according to the average or the standard for the number of prescribed ones .. The procedure for calculating the volume of DHW supply is exactly the same as for To calculate the cost of this service, the tariff for cold water is applied, since in this case it is cold water that is purchased from the supplier.

Second component,

DHW heating- This is the amount of heat energy that was spent to heat the volume of cold water provided to the apartment to hot temperature. This quantity is determined based on the readings of the general house heat energy meter.

In general, the amount of payment for hot water supply is calculated using the following formula:

P i gv = Vi gv × T xv+ (V v cr × Vi gv/ ∑ Vi rv × T v cr)

Vi gv- the volume of hot water consumed during the billing period (month) in an apartment or non-residential premises

T xv- cold water tariff

V v cr- the volume of heat energy used during the billing period for heating cold water in case of independent production of hot water by the management company

∑ Vi gv- the total volume of hot water consumed during the billing period in all rooms of the house

T v cr- tariff for heat energy

Calculation example:

Suppose the consumption of hot water in the apartment for a month was 7 m 3. The consumption of hot water in the whole house is 465 m 3. The amount of heat energy spent on heating hot water supply according to the general house metering device - 33.5 Gcal

7 m 3 * 33.3 rubles. + (33.5 Gcal * 7 m 3/465 m 3 * 1331.1 rubles) = 233.1 + 671.3 = 904.4 rubles,

Of which:

RUB 233.1 - payment for actual water consumption (DHW line in the receipt)

671.3 - payment for heat energy spent on heating water to the required temperature (line for DHW heating in the receipt)

In this example, 0.072 gigacalories of thermal energy were expended to heat one cube of hot water.

V The value showing how many gigacalories were required to heat 1 cubic meter of water in the billing period is called DHW heating coefficient

The heating coefficient is not the same from month to month and largely depends on the following parameters:

Cold water supply temperature. At different times of the year, the cold water temperature ranges from +2 to +20 degrees. Accordingly, in order to heat the water to the required temperature, you will have to spend a different amount of heat energy.

The total volume of water consumed per month in all areas of the house. This value is largely influenced by the number of apartments that have passed readings in the current month, recalculations and, in general, the discipline of taking readings by residents.

Heat energy consumption for hot water circulation. The circulation of water in the pipes occurs continuously, including during the hours of minimum draw-off. That is, for example, at night hot water is practically not used by residents, but thermal energy for heating water is still consumed to maintain the required temperature of hot water in heated towel rails and at the entrances to apartments. This rate is especially high in new, sparsely populated houses and stabilizes with an increase in the number of residents.

Average values of DHW heating coefficients for each block are given in the section "Tariffs and calculated coefficients"

With the advent of cold weather, many Russians are worried about how to pay for utilities. For example, To How to calculate hot water and how often you should pay for these services. To answer all these questions, you first need to clarify whether a water meter is installed in this dwelling. If the meter is installed, then the calculation is made according to a certain scheme.

The first thing to do is to look at the receipt for housing and communal services, which came last month. In this document, you should find the column in which the amount of water consumed for the last month is indicated, we need figures with indicators at the end of the last reporting period.

The first thing to do is to look at the receipt for utility services, which came last month

After these readings are written out, they should be entered into a new document. In this case, we are talking about a receipt for payment of utility bills for the next reporting period. As you can see, the answers to the questions, how to calculate the cost of hot water by the meter, how to determine its consumption, are quite simple. It is necessary to timely and correctly take all the readings of the water meter.

By the way, many management companies themselves enter the above information into the payment document. In this case, you do not have to look for data in old receipts. It is also necessary to remember that in situations where the water meter has just been installed and these are the first readings, the previous ones will be zeros.

The initial readings of some modern meters may not contain zeros, but some other digits.

I would also like to clarify that the initial readings of some modern meters may not contain zeros, but some other digits. In this case, in the receipt in the column where you need to indicate the previous readings, you need to leave exactly these numbers.

The process of searching for previous meter readings is very important if you need to understand the question of how to calculate hot water from the meter. Without these data, it will not be possible to correctly calculate how many cubic meters of water was used in this reporting period.

So, before starting to study the question of how to calculate the cost of hot water, you should learn how to take readings from a water meter.

Meter designations

Almost all modern counters have a scale with a minimum of 8 digits. The first 5 of which are black, while the second 3 are red.

Important

It is important to understand that only the first 3 digits are displayed on the receipt, which are black. Because this is the data of cubic meters, and it is according to them that the cost of water is calculated. But the data that is colored red is liters. They do not need to be indicated on receipts. Although these data make it possible to estimate how many liters of water a particular family consumes for a certain reporting period. Thus, you can understand whether it is worth saving on a given good or whether the expense is within the normal range. And of course, you can determine how much water is spent on taking bath procedures, and how much on washing dishes, and so on.

It is important to understand that only the first 3 digits are displayed on the receipt, which are black.

To correctly figure out how to calculate the tariff for hot water, you should know on which day of the month the readings of this device are taken. Here, you need to remember that the water meter data must be taken at the end of each reporting period, after which they must be transferred to the appropriate authority. This can be done through a phone call or over the Internet.

On a note! It should be remembered that the figures are always indicated at the beginning of the reporting period (that is, those that were withdrawn last month) and at the end (these are those that are withdrawn now).

This regulation is spelled out in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 05/06/2011, its number 354.

How to calculate the correct service?

It is no secret that the legislation of our country is constantly changing, in connection with which citizens begin to worry about the question of how to calculate hot water or any other utility costs.

Speaking specifically about water, then here one should take into account the fact that payment consists of certain terms:

indicators of the water meter, which is located in the room and controls the flow of cold water;
meter readings that show the consumption of hot water in a given apartment;
indicators of the device, which calculates the consumption of cold water for all tenants;
meter data that monitors the consumption of residents of the house, it is installed in the basement of the house;
the share of a particular apartment in the total cost;
the share to which a particular apartment in this house corresponds.

The penultimate indicator is the most incomprehensible, although in fact everything is quite accessible. It is taken into account when determining the amount of the resource that was spent on everyone. It is also called "common house needs." By the way, this also applies to the last indicator, it is calculated when the general needs of the house are calculated.

Hot water consumption calculation

As for the first two indicators, they are quite understandable. They depend on the residents themselves, because a person himself can choose for himself to save the consumption of a particular resource or not. But in other cases, it all depends on how often wet cleaning is performed at the entrance of the house, on the number of riser leaks, and so on.

The worst thing about this system of payments is that almost all of the general household needs are fictitious. Indeed, in every house there are tenants who incorrectly indicate their individual indicators, or, for example, one person is registered in their apartment, but five live. Then the general needs of the house should have been calculated on the basis that 3 people live in apartment No. 5, and not 1. In this case, everyone else would have to pay a little less. As you can see, the question of how to calculate hot water still needs careful research.

That is why our officials are still trying to figure out how to calculate the payment for hot water and which mechanism would be the most successful.

Does everyone have the same tariffs?

To save money, you always need to screw on the tap, if at the moment it is not necessary to use water

To do this, just go to the site of the management company or just call there. Also, similar information is contained on the receipt that comes to each tenant.

After these data are found, the cost of the spent cubic meters of the resource should be calculated. Further, it is quite simple to calculate the payment for hot water, this is done in the same way as in the case of all other resources. You should take the number of cubic meters spent and multiply by a specific tariff.

It should be noted that today there are many ways how you can save hot water consumption, thereby reducing your costs of paying for it. To do this, you can use special nozzles on the faucet, they will help not spray water so much and control the pressure power. You should also open the tap valve not at full strength, so the jet will go under less pressure, but the water will not scatter in all directions. And of course, you always need to screw on the tap if you don't need to use water at the moment. For example, when a person brushes his teeth or washes his hair (while the head is soaping up or the toothbrush is being smeared, the tap with water can be closed).

All these tips will help to reduce the cost of paying for hot or cold water, thereby helping to correctly calculate the consumption of hot water.

Difference between hot and cold water calculations

Of course, there are many flaws in this formula, as in the one that takes into account the consumption of hot water. Due to the fact that general house indicators are taken into account, it is difficult to control where the difference between the individual indicators of all residents and the data that was taken from the water meter installed on the house went. Perhaps everything is really so, and all this water was used to clean the entrance. But this is hard to believe. Of course, there are tenants who deceive the state and give incorrect data, but there are also errors in the operation of the pipeline system itself (the sewers in most houses are old and can leak, so the water goes nowhere).

Hot water bill

For a long time, our government has been thinking about how to correctly calculate hot and cold water and how to improve the existing mechanism.

For example, in 2013, our authorities came to the conclusion that it is necessary to establish standard norms for general household needs and it is these data that should be taken into account when calculating the cost of one cubic meter of water. This helped a little to curb the zeal of our management companies and help the citizens of the country. You can find out these numbers from the management company. But this applies only to those cases when the tenants have entered into an agreement with the management company. If we are talking about Vodokanal, then each settlement will have its own separate fixed minimum payment. And, for example, an overpayment in this reporting period may cover the costs in the next.

As you can see, there is a whole scheme that makes it clear how to calculate the heating of hot water or how to calculate how much to pay for the consumption of cold water.

Calculation of the cost of heat energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2017:

January-April 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 1197.50 rubles / Gcal = 43.8285 rubles / sq. m.

May 0.0122 Gcal / sq. m * 1197.50 rubles / Gcal = 14.6095 rubles / sq. m

October 0.0322 * 1211.33 rubles / Gcal = 39.0048 rubles / sq. m.

November-December 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 1211.33 rubles / Gcal = 44.3347 rubles / sq.m

Calculation of the cost of the service for hot water supply for 1 person in 2017:

January-June 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person per month * 1197.50 rubles / Gcal = 253.87 rubles / person

July-December 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person per month * 1211.33 rubles / Gcal = 256.80 rubles / person

Calculation of the cost of the service for hot water supply according to the DHW meter in 2017:

January - June 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 1197.50 rubles / Gcal = 55.9233 rubles / cubic meter m.

July-December 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 1211.33 rubles / Gcal = 56.5691 rubles / cubic meter m

2016 year

Calculation of the cost of heat energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2016:

January-April 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 1170.57 rubles / Gcal = 42.8429 rubles / sq. m.

May 0.0122 Gcal / sq. m * 1170.57 rubles / Gcal = 14.2810 rubles / sq.m

October 0.0322 * 1197.50 rubles / Gcal = 38.5595 rubles / sq. m.

November-December 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 1197.50 rubles / Gcal = 43.8285 rubles / sq.m

Calculation of the cost of the service for hot water supply for 1 person in 2016:

January-June 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person per month * 1170.57 rubles / Gcal = 248.16 rubles / person

July-December 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person per month * 1197.50 rubles / Gcal = 253.87 rubles / person

Calculation of the cost of the service for hot water supply according to the DHW meter in 2016:

January - June 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 1170.57 rubles / Gcal = 54.6656 rubles / cubic meter m

July-December 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 1197.50 rubles / Gcal = 55.9233 rubles / cubic meter m

2015 year

Calculation of the cost of heat energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2015:

Heating consumption standard * Thermal energy tariff = cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. m:

January-April 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 990.50 rubles / Gcal = 36.2523 rubles / sq.m

May 0.0122 Gcal / sq. m * 990.50 rubles / Gcal = 12.0841 rubles / sq.m

October 0.0322 * 1170.57 rubles / Gcal = 37.6924 rubles / sq. m.

November-December 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 1170.57 rubles / Gcal = 42.8429 rubles / sq.m

Calculation of the cost of services for hot water supply for 1 person in 2015:

DHW consumption rate * Thermal energy tariff = cost of DHW service for 1 person

An example of calculating the cost of a hot water supply service for 1 person with a complete improvement of an apartment (from 1 to 10 storeys, equipped with a sink, washbasin, bathtub 1500-1700 mm long with a shower) in the absence of hot water meters:

January-June 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person per month * 990.50 rubles / Gcal = 209.986 rubles / person

July-December 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person per month * 1170.57 rubles / Gcal = 248.1608 rubles / person.

Calculation of the cost of the service for hot water supply according to the DHW meter in 2015:

The rate of heat energy consumption for heating is 1 cubic meter. m of water * Tariff for heat energy = cost of heating service for 1 cu. m

January - June 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 990.50 rubles / Gcal = 46.2564 rubles / cubic meter m

July-December 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 1170.57 rubles / Gcal = 54.6656 rubles / cubic meter m

year 2014

Calculation of the cost of heat energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2014:

Heating consumption standard * Thermal energy tariff = cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. m:

January-April 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 934.43 rubles / Gcal = 34.2001 rubles / sq.m

May 0.0122 Gcal / sq. m * 934.43 rubles / Gcal = 11.4000 rubles / sq.m

October 0.0322 Gcal / sq. m * 990.50 rubles / Gcal = 31.8941 rubles / sq. m

November - December 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 990.50 rubles / Gcal = 36.2523 rubles / sq.m

Calculation of the cost of services for hot water supply for 1 person in 2014:

DHW consumption rate * Thermal energy tariff = cost of DHW service for 1 person

January-June 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person per month * 934.43 rubles / Gcal = 198.0991 rubles / person

July - December 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person. per month * 990.50 rubles / Gcal = 209.986 rubles / person

Calculation of the cost of the service for hot water supply according to the DHW meter in 2014:

The rate of heat energy consumption for heating is 1 cubic meter. m of water * Tariff for heat energy = cost of heating service for 1 cu. m

January - June 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 934.43 rubles / Gcal = 43.6378 rubles / cubic meter m

July - December 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 990.50 rubles / Gcal = 46.2564 rubles / cubic meter m

year 2013

Calculation of the cost of heat energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2013:

Heating consumption rate

January-April 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 851.03 rubles / Gcal = 31.1477 rubles / sq.m
May 0.0122 Gcal / sq. m * 851.03 rubles / Gcal = 10.3826 rubles / sq.m
October 0.0322 Gcal / sq. m * 934.43 rubles / Gcal = 30.0886 rubles / sq. m
November - December 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 934.43 rubles / Gcal = 34.2001 rubles / sq.m

Calculation of the cost of services for hot water supply for 1 person in 2013:

DHW consumption rate

January-June 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person per month * 851.03 rubles / Gcal = 180.4184 rubles / person
July - December 0.2120 Gcal / for 1 person. per month * 934.43 rubles / Gcal = 198.0991 rubles / person

Calculation of the cost of the service for hot water supply according to the DHW meter in 2013:

The rate of heat energy consumption for heating is 1 cubic meter. m of water

January - June 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 851.03 rubles / Gcal = 39.7431 rubles / cubic meter m
July - December 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 934.43 rubles / Gcal = 43.6378 rubles / cubic meter m

year 2012

Calculation of the cost of heat energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2012:

Heating consumption rate * Thermal energy tariff (supplier MUE ChKTS or OOO Mechel-Energo) = Cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. m

January-April 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 747.48 rubles / Gcal = 27.3578 rubles / sq. m
May 0.0122 Gcal / sq. m * 747.48 rubles / Gcal = 9.1193 rubles / sq. m
October 0.0322 Gcal / sq. m * 851.03 rubles / Gcal = 27.4032 rubles / sq. m
November - December 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m * 851.03 rubles / Gcal = 31.1477 rubles / sq. m

Calculation of the cost of hot water supply services for 1 person in 2012:

DHW consumption rate * Thermal energy tariff (supplier MUP ChKTS or OOO Mechel-Energo) = cost of DHW service for 1 person

January - June 0.2120 Gcal / per person per month * 747.48 rubles / Gcal = 158.47 rubles / person.
July - August 0.2120 Gcal / per person per month * 792.47 rubles / Gcal = 168.00 rubles / person
September - December 0.2120 Gcal / per person per month * 851.03 rubles / Gcal = 180.42 rubles / person

Calculation of the cost of hot water supply services according to the DHW meter in 2012:

The rate of heat energy consumption for heating is 1 cubic meter. m of water * Thermal energy tariff (supplier MUP ChKTS or OOO Mechel-Energo) = cost of heating service for 1 cubic meter. m

January - June 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 747.48 rubles / Gcal = 34.9073 rubles / cubic meter m
July - August 0.0467 Gcal / m3 m * 792.47 rubles / Gcal = 37.0083 rubles / cubic meter m
September-December 0.0467 Gcal / cu. m * 851.03 rubles / Gcal = 39.7431 rubles / cubic meter m

A closed hot water supply system is a set of equipment, pipes and devices that must solve the problem of heating incoming cold water and then distributing it to consumers. The operation algorithm of such a system is as follows:

Cold water enters the heater.
The pump delivers the heated water to the pipeline system, through which it flows to the consumers.

Basic principles of a closed hot water supply system

The way water is heated determines its type - open or closed. The system during operation of which the consumer receives hot water is called closed. A closed DHW system is based on the following principles:

The water supplied from the water supply system enters an additional heater where it receives heat energy and is then supplied to consumers. In this case, the water and the coolant are separated from each other. Such a system implies that the hot water supplied to the consumer has the same parameters as that which flows from the cold water tap.
It should be noted that when using a closed DHW system, pipes through which hot water is supplied are more susceptible to corrosion.
The closed DHW system includes two pipelines - supply and return. Through them, water circulates in the system. This allows several consumers to use hot water simultaneously without dropping the water pressure. In addition, the closed DHW system is distinguished by the ease of setting the temperature regime.
Such a system allows you to save money, the whole point is that it maintains a constant temperature. This is especially true if the building is connected to the central water supply system. By the way, the use of a closed DHW system allows you to connect heated towel rails. But, those who installed a heated towel rail are faced with the following problem - in the summer it will be constantly hot, and this will lead to an increase in the temperature in the room. But this problem can be solved by installing shut-off valves that regulate the supply of heated water.

Any water supply system requires calculations of the required amount of hot water. Certain factors affect their results. They are primarily due to the number of residents living in the house. For calculations, it is necessary to take into account:

predicted water temperature;
number of residents;
parameters of the used sanitary equipment and a number of others.

Differences between open and closed water supply systems

The use of a closed system implies that the coolant supplied from the heating network will be used to heat cold water coming from a centralized water supply.

In an open DHW system, hot water is taken directly from the heating network. It is permissible to use it only for satisfying household needs, for example, for washing dishes or washing. Such water can have temperatures up to 75 degrees. It should be noted that the main advantage of a closed DHW system is the quality of the water. As a rule, if all design requirements are met and there are no violations during its installation, the water fully meets the requirements of GOST R 51232-98.

Equipment required for network operation

A closed DHW system is a rather complex engineering system and a set of certain equipment is required to ensure uninterrupted, and most importantly, safe work.

Water consumption metering unit

It is through it that water is supplied to the house water supply system. A water meter is installed on it. In addition, the design of the unit provides for the possibility of shutting off the water supply during the repair of pipeline valves, both planned and emergency. The composition of the water meter unit is installed:

magnetic or mesh coarse filter;
taps and valves through which cold water is supplied;
measuring instruments - manometers, thermometers;
bypass - a bypass pipeline, which is used during the maintenance of the water metering unit.

Of course, to ensure the operation of the DHW system, a pipe system is involved, it can be divided into three groups:

bottling;
risers;
carts.

Through the bottoms placed in the basement of the building, the water moves to the risers. Through them, it is supplied directly to the apartments and through the carts it goes to the end consumers - sanitary equipment, household appliances, heated towel rails, etc. There are many schemes for the location of pipes of each group. For example, through the risers located in one apartment, water supply can be established to the neighboring apartment.

The diameters of the pipes are determined during the design of the building, but as a rule the following dimensions are maintained:

Fillings from 32 to 125 mm;
Risers from 25 to 40 mm;
Liners within 15 - 20 mm.

When developing a project for a closed DHW system, the following materials are laid:

metal-plastic;
pipes made of food grade stainless steel;
galvanized pipes.

When ordering pipes, it must be remembered that metal-plastic pipes can be designed for different pressures and different operating temperatures. By the way, during a major overhaul, dishonest contractors install pipes that do not meet the requirements of working documentation, the same applies to pipeline fittings.

The main malfunctions of a closed DHW system

The hot water supply can sometimes fail or be unstable. This is determined by a number of subjective and objective factors. In particular:

mistakes made during the design and installation of the system;
leaks and noises in pipeline fittings. As a rule, this is caused either by workings in the valve gate or by the installation of defective products;
the lack of heating of the heated towel rail, most likely all of it is caused by air locks.

As a rule, the water supply system is accepted according to the act and the company that installed the hot water system for several years must deal with the warranty service of the network transferred to the management company. That is, to eliminate defects in the hot water supply network, it is necessary to call specialists from the management company or from the contractor company.

Estimated standards for hot water consumption

It should be noted that there are many standards for calculating the consumption of resources; in the field of housing, there are no standards for the use of water per person without the use of a water meter. This is due to the fact that the population density in different regions of our country varies greatly. In other words, each region has its own standards. In accordance with the rules, a certain amount of water is supplied to the settlement. In this case, the size of the volume of water used by the residents of those apartments in which water meters are installed is taken into account.

From the total volume of the supplied water, the volume that passed through the metering devices is calculated. The resulting difference is divided by the number of people registered in a given residential area. It is these people who bear the costs of the water used. This situation has developed largely because there are many places of unauthorized water consumption and water metering devices are not installed everywhere, by the way, in contrast to countries with developed economies. Consumption rates are calculated using a multiplying factor.
When carrying out calculations, it is necessary to take into account the condition of plumbing fixtures and the presence of installed water heaters.

The consumption rate of consumption in different regions of water differs because in each region water is consumed in different volumes. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the climate, the price of fuel intended for heating water.

The average rate of water consumption per person is derived. In the daytime, this figure is 200 liters of cold water and 100 liters of hot water. An ordinary bathroom holds 250 liters of water and if the tenant does not take a bath every day, then it makes sense for him to think about installing water meters.

The installed meter will significantly save on paying water bills. The fact is that unauthorized water withdrawals, leaks, water consumption for the needs of the Ministry of Emergencies and much more are included in water bills in one form or another.

A little about the regulatory framework

Any modern person understands perfectly well that without the majority of utilities, including the availability of hot water, it is not at all comfortable to live. And often the central water supply system does not always provide consumers with access to hot water. But if you read into the regulatory documentation, namely the sanitary norms and rules (SanPiN) 2.1.4.2496-09, then the requirements for the temperature of hot water in a city apartment will become clear. The limiting temperature should not exceed 60 - 75 degrees. This level is mandatory at all consumer connection points. Maintaining this temperature is necessary to prevent the spread of bacterial and other infections that can harm the health of people living in the house.

Having received a receipt for the payment of the "communal", many Russians look at it in bewilderment, trying to understand what is encrypted in mysterious abbreviations, and for what services you need to lay out rather large sums. Unfortunately, until now the utilities have not bothered to bring to a single sample the receipts issued in different regions of Russia. The content of these payment documents lies entirely within the imagination and administrative delight of local authorities.

Do utilities have the right to come up with the names of their services?

The list of services that need to be paid for residents of apartment buildings is clearly defined by article 154 of the main industry document - the Housing Code. Homeowners and tenants are required to pay for maintenance and repairs. In addition, their responsibility includes payment for services:

Cold water supply (HVS), i.e. supplying cold water through the water supply to the tenant's apartment;

Hot water supply (DHW), which consists of payment for the supply and heating of water;

Wastewater disposal, i.e. ensuring the operation of a sewer collector that removes waste water;

Gas supply;

Power supply;

Heating the apartment.

It is unacceptable to change the names of these services, although some regional housing and communal services arbitrarily enter into their payment receipts such lines as "hot water heating", "hot water supply" or "hot water and cold water disposal". It is not at all necessary for the consumer to know how much water heating costs; the final amount that is presented for payment is important to him.
Of course, in the event that a tenant of the house wants to know the exact calculation for each utility service, the housing and communal services are obliged to provide him with all the information about the costs of this or that utility tariff.

What abbreviations can be found on receipts?

Since utilities are in no hurry to bring payments to a single standard, payers will not hurt to navigate the abbreviations that can be used to encrypt certain components of utility bills.

HVS DPU is cold water supply (payment for cold water supply) using a home metering device, i.e. according to the readings of the general house meter (if there is one in your house). In the case when the meter is installed in your apartment, the receipt may indicate HVS KPU (apartment metering device).

DHW DPU - respectively, hot water supply, calculated by the home metering device.

Vodootv. - sewerage services, which is called wastewater disposal in bills.

Cold water supply for hot water supply - this is the intricate concept of cold water supply for hot water supply. As conceived by the public service workers, you must pay separately for the supply of cold water for heating, and on another line - the cost of heating this cold water. The cost of hot water supply consists of the sum of these lines

Heating. main pl. - this is usually the heating of the main area of your apartment, i.e. the minimum that is required for the tenants registered in the apartment.

Heating outl. pl. - this is the cost of heating the surplus area of your apartment. It usually costs more than heating your minimum square footage.

Opl. lived. Is the payment for housing.

Contents and rem. - means payment for the maintenance and repair of your apartment. This includes the maintenance of utilities inside your home, their current repairs, the repair of technical devices and structures of a residential building, as well as many other costs.

Lived. outl. pl. - payment for housing surplus area.

Now it will be easier for you to understand the contents of the utility bill. A separate topic is the formation of tariffs for which payment is calculated.
The most impressive fraudulent payment frauds take place here. As a rule, only a specialist with experience in utility networks can assess how justified each figure of the utility tariff is.

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Kpu drainage system what is it

KPU drainage system

KPU drainage system Answer: The concept of KPU drainage can be encountered by apartment owners in many houses. It denotes sewerage, that is, the discharge of all wastewater. This takes into account in total how much hot and cold water spent on general household needs goes into the sewer system. Moreover, this formulation is largely incorrect, which misleads consumers. What is the problem of accounting for general house water consumption Many who regularly pay for utility bills doubt the correctness of the values in this column. What is hot water supply, cold water supply and sewerage in housing and communal services receipts? Having received a receipt for the payment of the "communal", many Russians look at it in bewilderment, trying to understand what is encrypted in mysterious abbreviations, and for what services you need to lay out rather large sums. Unfortunately, until now the utilities have not bothered to bring to a single sample the receipts issued in different regions of Russia. The situation is as follows, in our apartment, before the installation of water meters, the calculation of consumption was calculated according to DPU DHW DPU 50m3 per month KhVS DPU 49m3s per month For those who do not know cold water supply DHW hot water supply DPU- house metering device KPU- apartment meter In another apartment in another district, we have had water meters for a long time, and despite the fact that we very often use a washing machine, a dishwasher there, we wash ourselves by pouring a two-seat jacuzzi, we wash my hands in the shower, we drink water well, and we use the toilet at full height, the total consumption of hot water supply + cold water supply is approximately 5-10 m3. Okay, we think that since we don't have counters in this apartment, it means that the EIRTs can scoff as it wants, taking revenge on conscientious payers for malicious not weavers. They did not wait long and experience injustice, they installed and registered water meters in the otradnitskaya apartment as it should be, well, we think now everything will be fair, now we will pay on the basis of our consumption, now we will be happy. Wastewater disposal in utility bills Every month all Russians receive bills for housing and communal services. In particular, everyone has to pay for water disposal. According to Russian legislation, sewerage is the same public service as the supply of cold or hot water, electricity, gas, and heating. Drainage and water supply should not be confused. What is KPU WATER BRANCH? Marina Stepanovna Expert (260), closed 5 years ago. water), then this is an incomprehensible WATER BRANCH OF KPU, and then DHW KPU (hot water). On the cold and mountains. there is a meter in the apartment, and it is immediately clear how many cubes of water have been used. The toilet also goes through the counter. Vodootv.DPU crazy numbers Hello! Help me to understand. I am installing the KPU only now, the house is old, the pipes are bad, there were problems with the installation. Therefore, while we are paying according to the DPU, the installation of meters is in the process.

But that's not even the point. The bottom line is frantic figures for the flow rate for the water disposal of the DPU. According to the receipts, we pay for the hot water supply of the DPU, this is understandable, the cold water supply of the DPU is also understandable, BUT also the water disposal of the DPU.

What is drainage in the payment of water according to the meter?

What is drainage in the payment of water according to the meter? Drainage system. in receipts for payment of utilities of the management company or resource-supporting organization, in the case of the provision of utilities directly by them, this is a utility service for the drainage of a utility resource supplied to a residential premises - waste water used for the household needs of the owners of residential premises and fecal matter, on the installed drainage system from each apartment building to the intake manifold, and then to the treatment plant. What is wastewater disposal? “The management company issues an invoice for housing and communal resources on a monthly basis. In particular, we pay three times for water, hot and cold, and water disposal. What is hidden under the allotment, and why do you have to pay for it, do we pay for water anyway? Respectfully yours, L. I. Sitnikova. " According to federal law, sanitation is the same public service as hot and cold water supply, heating, electricity and gas supply.

Cabinet-jurist.ru

Business lawyer> Housing and communal services> Utilities> What does the abbreviation HVS DPU mean?

Residents of apartment buildings who receive bills for utility bills often come across with such an abbreviation as "KhVS DPU". In most cases, the decoding of this abbreviation in receipts cannot be seen, therefore many owners of residential premises are interested in the question of what this abbreviation means.

Utility bills

What payments are charged for the provision of utilities? Photo # 1

In order to understand this abbreviation, residents and owners of apartments in multi-storey buildings must have a complete understanding of all utility bills that are charged for the services provided.

According to the current regulations, residents of high-rise buildings are provided with the following utilities, for which they must pay:

the supply of electrical energy, for which payment is made according to the installed meters;
gas supply for cooking, heating water, in some cases and heating (if the apartment is equipped with an autonomous heat generation system);
garbage and other household waste removal;
cleaning of staircases and other areas of an apartment building, its street area, as well as funds necessary for current repairs;
cold water supply, as well as hot water for heating;
sewage, that is, the purification of water that was in use, that is, sewage discharges.

In some regions, additional utilities may be installed, then they will go with a different payment document, but at the moment this is a rarity.

In some cases, utilities, filling out the columns of payment documents, allow abbreviations, or even write the abbreviation of the service provided, which confuses some citizens. Among such abbreviations, HVS DPU is often found.

It is important to remember that enterprises that provide utilities must provide all information about them at the first request of the consumer, that is, the owner or tenant of the apartment.

Payment system abbreviation

An abbreviation found in utility bills. Photo No. 2

In most cases, you can find such abbreviations that are found in payment documents - GVS, GVS KPU, KhVS, KhVS DPU.

Let's consider them in more detail.

DHW means hot water supply, which is used to heat living quarters, that is, water flowing through the batteries. At the moment, there are two types of accounting. The first involves monitoring its quantity using a metering device that is located on the heating main of a boiler house or another enterprise providing such services. The second is the installation of a general house meter, that is, a KPU - a communal metering device.

The nuance is that if the accounting is kept by the enterprise, then all kinds of losses in water and its temperature (for example, breakthroughs, leaks) he will write off to consumers, and they will pay for it. If a common house meter is installed in the house, then residents will pay for the water and heat that entered the house.

Cold water supply means cold water supply, which is used for cooking and other needs of residents (for example, sewage). It is recorded in two ways. The first provides for the establishment of a special standard for each resident of the apartment, in the form of monthly cubic meters (for example, for one person, the standard is 3 cubic meters, if 2 people are registered, it means that the payment will be for 6 consumed cubic meters, even if people have consumed less).

The second envisages equipping each apartment with an individual meter, which will take into account the consumed cold water, the data on it is transmitted every month to the water supplier, and he issues an invoice based on them. Therefore, in this case, the payment will contain the abbreviation HVS DPU, that is, payment for cold water supply using a home metering device.

It is important to remember that water meters should be installed by citizens at their own expense.

Which is more profitable: standard consumption or a meter?

Should you set a meter for the amount of hot and cold water consumed? Photo # 3

The answer to this question is very difficult, and lies in how a particular family generally uses water. If everything is clear with hot, it goes for heating, then with cold some questions may arise.

After analyzing the situations when the consumer consumes water according to the standard, one can come to the following conclusions:

he does not have a record of how much water was consumed, even if he consumes less, he will have to pay money for what was not used;
if one person is registered in the apartment, several live, then some savings can be achieved, since the payment will come for the number of cubic meters per person;
if the owner likes to swim often, or uses a lot of water, then the standard consumption is the best choice for him.

Now let's consider the option when the consumption goes according to the metering device. In this case, payment for water will go only according to the readings of the meter (meter), so citizens can save significantly by reducing water consumption. But this option, as mentioned above, is not suitable for those who consume a lot of water, as well as if many people live in a residential area.

These are the nuances that are encountered when using cold water.

It is important to remember that if the owner or members of his family do not live in the apartment for some time, then they can submit an appropriate statement that they will not live for such and such a period of time. Utilities should not be charged for it.

How to detect deception?

How to check the correctness of calculation of payments for consumed utilities? Photo No. 4

Of course, utilities are trying in every possible way to write off their losses to consumers, so sometimes situations arise when the charge suddenly goes not according to the meter, but according to the standard, or the payments indicate larger amounts than the actually consumed amount.

To eliminate the situations that have arisen, the consumer is obliged to take the contract with the utilities, the received payment, documents and the certificate of installation of the metering device and go to the accounting department of such an enterprise, where to write an application for recalculation.

If this does not happen, you can write a complaint to Rospotrebnadzor and law enforcement agencies, demanding that the perpetrators be punished and recalculated.

It is important to remember that recalculation can also be made by a court decision if the consumer applies there with a statement of claim.

The abbreviation HVS DPU means payment for the consumed water, according to the house (apartment) metering device.

You can find out how payment receipts for utility bills look like by watching the video:

Have you noticed a mistake? Select it and press Ctrl + Enter to tell us.

Hot water supply (DHW) is a round-the-clock provision of the consumer with hot water of proper quality, supplied in the required volumes through the connected network to the residential premises.

Requirements (standards) for the quality of hot water are determined by the decree of the government of the Russian Federation No. 354:

The hot water temperature at the point of parsing must be at least 60 degrees. (for open systems of centralized heating, not less than 50 degrees for closed systems, not more than 75 degrees)
Total hot water shutdown time - 8 hours (in total) within 1 month
The total time for turning off the hot water supply is 4 hours at a time, in case of an emergency on a dead-end line - 24 hours.
The maximum period of preventive maintenance in the summer season is 14 days
The composition of water must necessarily comply with sanitary standards SanPiN 2.1.4.2496-09
Permissible deviation of hot water temperature at the point of draw-off at night (from 0.00 to 5.00 hours) - no more than 5 ° С
The permissible deviation of the hot water temperature at the tapping point in the daytime (from 5.00 to 00.00 hours) is no more than 3 ° C
Pressure in the hot water supply system at the point of parsing - from 0.03 MPa (0.3 kgf / sq. Cm) to 0.45 MPa (4.5 kgf / sq. Cm)

For every 3 ° C deviation from the permissible deviations in hot water temperature, the amount of the utility fee for the billing period in which the specified deviation occurred is reduced by 0.1 percent of the amount of the fee. For each hour of hot water supply, the temperature of which at the point of analysis is below 40 ° C, in total during the billing period, the payment for the consumed water is made according to the tariff for cold water.

If the pressure differs from the established one by no more than 25 percent, the amount of the utility service fee for the specified billing period is reduced by 0.1 percent of the amount of the fee.
When the pressure differs from the established one by more than 25 percent, the amount of the payment for the utility service is reduced by the amount of the payment calculated in total for each day the utility service is provided of inadequate quality.

Types of DHW systems:

Central. Water is heated at thermal substations (CHP) and from them is supplied to consumers with the help of pipelines.
Autonomous. To achieve the required temperature regime, special heating devices are installed - boilers, storage boilers or gas water heaters. This type of DHW organization is intended for a small area of the premises - an apartment or a house.

Designations (decoding) in receipts for housing and communal services:

DHW KPU- hot water metering is carried out according to the apartment metering device
DHW DPU- hot water metering is carried out using a general household metering device
ODU DHW- general house metering device for hot water

The calculation of the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply is made according to:

General house metering devices and depends on the number of residents registered in the apartment
Apartment metering devices (hot water meters)