A sewerage or ventilation pipe is a necessary attribute of any drainage system Wastewater and in multi-storey building, and in a private cottage. What is a vent pipe needed for? Installing such a pipe simultaneously solves two problems. Firstly, gases are removed from the pipeline network through ventilation. Secondly, ventilation is needed to maintain constant pressure in the pipe system, since when a large volume of water is discharged into the sewer, a vacuum of air occurs.

What is a fan pipe? The pipe that connects the sewer riser to the atmosphere is usually called a fan pipe. The presence of such a pipe prevents the occurrence of vacuum in the system, which, in turn, prevents the operation of the water seals from being disrupted.

In the absence of a drain pipe, at the time of descent large quantity water, in all devices located above can break the water seals. And through empty siphons, an unpleasant sewer smell will begin to enter the premises.

The need to use vent pipes

According to building regulations, a sewerage system without a drain pipe can be built in a one-story house. This allowance is based on the fact that small houses cannot generate a large volume of wastewater at the same time.

However, a drain pipe for sewerage in a private house will not be superfluous in a low-rise building. Installing a pipe is necessary if, when draining a large volume of water at the same time, the cross-section of the riser pipe is completely blocked.

In most cases, the size of the hole in the flush cistern is 70 mm, and the drainage from the toilet is carried out using a pipe having a diameter of 110 mm. The bath outlet is assembled from pipes with a cross-section of up to 50 mm. Thus, when using only one piece of plumbing, the riser cannot completely fill.

Small-diameter sewer pipes are connected to the remaining plumbing fixtures. Therefore, their use does not have a significant impact on the total volume of simultaneous discharge. Therefore in one-story houses Installation of a drain pipe is optional.

Advice! As a rule, the largest amount of waste is generated when water is drained from the toilet and bathtub at the same time.

A house with two floors or higher is a different matter. Of course we're talking about about those cases when bathrooms are located on each floor. In this case, several people can use the water supply at the same time.

And when water is simultaneously drained from two toilets, the cross-section of the riser will be completely blocked, so in such houses the installation of drain pipes is mandatory. In high-rise buildings, normal functioning of the sewerage system without a drain pipe is impossible, since in such a building a large number of people can use the sewerage system at the same time.

Consequently, the likelihood that the entire section of the riser will be occupied by drains increases many times over. Thus, it is imperative to include waste pipes in the system if:

• To construct the riser, a pipe with a cross-section of less than 110 mm was used.
• The house has several bathrooms and it is possible that they will be used at the same time.
• If the house has a device that can provide a significant amount of wastewater at once. Such devices include, for example, a swimming pool.
• The house is equipped local sewerage, and the treatment plant is located a short distance from the house. In this case, ventilation from sewer pipes helps prevent the smell of gases formed during the decomposition of organic matter in the septic tank from entering the premises of the house.

Installation and repair of drain pipes

The sewer pipe can be made of either plastic or cast iron:

• Metal pipes. This is a traditional solution, since 50 years ago domestic sewage systems were assembled exclusively from cast iron. The material is durable, but it is very inconvenient to work with because it has significant weight.

• Plastic. This is the most popular material for sewer assembly. Many owners replace their old cast iron sewer to plastic, and when building new houses, this material is the most in demand. Plastic pipes are lighter, more cost effective and more aesthetically pleasing. Therefore, today cast iron pipes are used much less frequently.

Advice! When installing or replacing a drain pipe, if necessary, you can join parts made of cast iron and plastic. The main thing is that the diameters of these elements match. A narrowing of the diameter in the fan pipe should not be allowed, otherwise it will not function fully.

In addition, there are conditions that must be observed regardless of what material the pipes are made of:

• The diameter of the drain pipe must be equal to (or greater than) the diameter of the sewer riser. Building codes prohibit the use of a pipe of a smaller cross-section.
• The drain pipe, as a rule, is led to the roof. It should not be installed near windows or balconies. The minimum distance from the surface of the roof ridge is 30 cm.

Rules for installing vent pipes

When installing a fan pipe, you must strictly adhere to the recommendations set out in SNiP.

• When purchasing material, you need to make sure that the diameter of the fan pipe is not smaller than the diameter of the riser.

Advice! In private construction, most often, a plastic pipe with a cross-section of 110 mm is used to construct risers and, accordingly, waste pipes.

• starting point sewer system must be located in a heated room. But its end point, on the contrary, should be located in a cold place. This will provide the necessary difference in temperature and pressure and allow ventilation to effectively remove gases.

• The sewer ventilation pipe is actually a continuation of the riser, so it is made of the same material as the riser itself.

Advice! Sometimes the constant presence of an unpleasant sewage odor in the premises is due to the fact that siphons of insufficient volume are installed under the plumbing fixtures. If you do not use the appliances for several days, the water plug will simply dry out and unpleasant-smelling gases will penetrate into the rooms. Installing a drain pipe will help solve this problem. The air in the house will remain fresh, even if the plumbing is idle without use.

Ventilation outlet to the roof

Rules for installing a drain pipe:

• The outlet of the ventilation pipe to the roof should be at a height of at least 30 cm, and preferably 50 cm, from the ridge. However, if the roof is a used object (for example, a summer terrace is installed on it), then the height of the outlet can reach three meters.

• If there are several risers installed in the house, then they can be equipped with one drain pipe.
• The horizontal distance from the windows and balconies of the building to the outlet of the waste pipe must be more than 4 meters.

When constructing sewer ventilation, it is strictly prohibited:

• Lead the vent pipe to the attic, not to the roof.
• Organize the exhaust pipe outlet together with the chimney outlet and the ventilation duct.
• Route the drain pipe under the roof overhang, since in winter, when snow and ice melt from the roof, the pipe may be damaged.

Some homeowners, trying to improve the performance of sewer ventilation, try to install additional exhaust devices. Such as deflectors, weather vanes, etc.

In fact, such devices not only do not give the desired effect, but can also cause condensation to accumulate in the system. And in the cold season, moisture can freeze and block the paths of air and gases.

Check valve installation

It is necessary to install on the fan pipe check valve. Place a valve on the sewer drain pipe immediately after installing the toilet. Valve operating principle:

• When draining water from cistern The valve cover opens to allow the waste to flow through.
• If there is no liquid coming from the house, the valve cover is tightly closed. Moreover, it has such a design that it can be opened with reverse side impossible.

That is, installing a valve helps to avoid such an unpleasant situation when drainage from an external pipeline (for example, as a result of a blockage) penetrates the house, flooding the premises with dirty water.

So, a drain pipe is an element of the sewer system that is used to ventilate the pipeline and maintain normal pressure. The installation of the drain pipe must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of building regulations.

Private houses built taking into account modern projects, as a rule, are equipped with a sewerage system. This system is designed to play an important role - to radically improve the sanitary and epidemiological situation indoors. At the same time, as part of the implementation of such projects, sewer ventilation in a private house is also desirable.

It is projects with ventilation of sewerage systems that guarantee complete comfort of the home and contribute to the normal operation of domestic wastewater lines. Which ventilation schemes are most effective and how to implement them in a private home - this is exactly what we will talk about in our article.

We will also analyze the features of installing the components of sewer ventilation, paying attention to the norms and rules that should be observed in this case.

Private residential buildings, unlike municipal housing, have individual characteristics. Therefore, the sewerage scheme of a private house cannot always be compared with standard municipal projects. You can only borrow individual solutions.

City municipal real estate is required to be equipped internal sewerage with ventilation. Private housing construction projects often exclude this approach.

As a result, it is violated important function sewerage operation - blocking the exit of sewer fumes into the interior of the premises.

Whenever possible, they try to implement modern housing projects in the private sector by connecting the domestic sewage system to a centralized main. Autonomous schemes, however, are predominant in private homes

The issue of ventilation is being considered sewer networks, as a rule, in relation to . This includes all drain lines installed directly inside buildings.

At the same time, based on the classification of collected wastewater, sewer systems are divided into three types:

• household(household-fecal);
• rain ();
• production(industrial).

Household utility and fecal communications, in turn, are divided into centralized and autonomous systems. Many private house projects have been and are being carried out as an autonomous type.

True to modern stage In the construction of private residential real estate, its owners are increasingly trying to connect their home sewerage system to centralized lines. We recommend that you read all country house, popular among users.

Internal household communications traditionally contain the following plumbing fixtures:

• sinks and bathtubs;
• toilets, urinals and bidets;
• shower cabins.

This entire set is united by a pipeline system, which also includes ventilation risers, manifolds, connections, and other components designed to ensure the full functionality of the internal sewage system.

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Option #2 – fan pipe + end pipe

For private house projects, it is sometimes permissible to implement a sewer ventilation riser installation scheme in which the upper section of the pipeline remains in the attic area.

But in this option, the attic must have the design of an actively ventilated room, which is rare for private housing construction projects. Therefore, the scheme with pulling the sewer ventilation pipe through the roof of the building remains relevant.

Output through the roof is usually implemented according to the following plan:

1. The ventilation riser ends in the attic.
2. An end pipe is installed on the roof.
3. Connect the upper section of the riser with the lower section of the end switch using corrugation.

Installation of the end pipe on the roof is convenient and simple using an elastic polymer adapter. This strong, durable item has round shape(there are also square ones), and due to the stepwise change in the diameters of the passage, it is easy to adjust it to a pipe of a specific cross-section.

You just need to cut off the excess part of the adapter material along the line of the required diameter.

An end pipe equipped with an adapter is inserted into a passage hole previously made in the calculated location of the roof covering. The lower cuff of the elastic adapter along the entire circumference of its junction is treated with sealant.

In order to enhance efficiency natural traction to the top end fan boner additionally put .

A ventilation deflector is a device capable of increasing air draft due to the pronounced aerodynamic properties of the structure. The operating principle of such devices is based on the Bernoulli effect, when the speed of movement of air masses is directly proportional to the change in the cross section of the channel.

For sewer ventilation schemes in private houses, static (fixed) deflectors are often used. Less common, but also used.

This seemingly simple device plays significant role in the operation of the ventilation system of the home sewerage system. According to various estimates, the deflector gives an increase in traction by 20-30%.

Option #3 – sewer hood device

If sewer outlet not equipped with a water seal or the specified action useful device is not enough, it is worth building and installing a sewer hood:

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There is only one way to make the toilet’s bathroom safer and more comfortable, remove unnecessary odors and normalize the operation of the water seal. This can only be achieved by equipping the sewer with a ventilation outlet to remove gases accumulating inside the system. Similar devices are found in almost any sewer drain system equipped with a water seal. If the ventilation system of the riser becomes clogged, freezes, or does not work efficiently enough, the entire entrance to the house will know about it.

Ventilation functions for sewerage

It’s not even a matter of the spread of unpleasant odors; the ventilation outlets of sewer risers can solve two important problems:

• Ensure trouble-free operation of the hydraulic seal by bleeding overpressure inside the sewer system. Ventilation compensates for gas pressure surges. Thanks to this, the contents of the bellows of sinks and water seals of compacts are not squeezed out into the room;
• Ventilation removes 100% of sewer gases that pose a certain danger to residents of an apartment or house. Even if during a period of prolonged absence of residents the level in the water seal drops below the safe level, most of the gases will be released onto the roof through the outlet for ventilation of the sewer riser.

For your information! Unlike a standard room ventilation system, the sewer outlet works in two directions.

For example, when discharging water into the sewer system on the 2nd or 10th floor, it does not matter, the water mass, falling along the riser, entrains a large amount of air, thereby creating a vacuum inside the pipe. Through the outlet of the ventilation system, part of the air is sucked into the sewer and compensates for the vacuum. If the ventilation outlet is clogged, littered, frozen, or its cross-section is not of sufficient size to ensure free flow of gases, the water seal will fail. Then the vacuum in the sewer will draw water from the water seal and, after a few moments, release it as gases back into the toilet or bathroom.

In normal mode, all gases released from dirty water, due to natural ventilation draft, rise up the riser and are thrown out through the pipe outlet on the roof of the house.

Requirements for the arrangement of a sewerage ventilation outlet

Like any ventilation system responsible for removing gases and vapors that are unsafe for human life and health, the ventilation outlet from the sewer cannot be built in any order, at your own discretion.

For stable operation of the sewerage system, the following requirements must be adhered to:

• The size of the ventilation outlet must be no less than the diameter sewer riser. More often ventilation pipe for exiting the sewer, choose with a 10% margin over the cross-section;
• The best material for the ventilation system is plumbing plastic. If the sewerage system is built from a 110 mm plastic pipe, the ventilation outlet can be made in the form of a continuation of the sewer riser;
• The sewer outlet pipe is raised to the roof, if possible, with a minimum number of elbows and installed on the leeward side so that the gases at the outlet do not enter the living quarters.

Important! The sewer system vent must not be connected to the main ventilation pipe, hood or chimney. The sewer riser must have an independent gas outlet.

Typical ventilation option for sewerage

The simplest way to build a gas outlet involves using a ready-made set of parts and assemblies for the manufacture of riser ventilation systems, which includes:

• Plastic outlet of a ventilation pipe on the roof of a house;
• A protective cap for the deflector, which closes the exit from snow and rainwater entering the ventilation system;
• A protective lining that insulates the pipe passage through the roof pie;
• The corrugated pipe is a jumper; it is used to connect ventilation to the sewer riser.

Most often, to equip the ventilation system outlet, they purchase products from the well-known company Vilper. The standard ventilation pipe is a plastic outlet with a length of 500 mm and a cross-section of 110 mm.

A protective lining made of silicone and polypropylene is made separately for each type of roofing covering, taking into account the dimensions of the surface profile. The hinged design of the passage element allows you to install a ventilation outlet for roof slopes with an angle of inclination from 11 to 45 degrees.

Traditionally, the ventilation outlet is made in a non-insulated version. For climatic zones with a predominance in winter time For very low temperatures, it is recommended to use an additional cover with polystyrene foam insulation. In addition to insulating the pipe with the outlet, you will need to purchase and install warm option protective lining of the roof passage unit. The kit provides trouble-free reliable operation in a temperature range up to -50 degrees.

With more low temperatures The sewage system, including the exit, must be equipped with a heating cable. Otherwise, water vapor will freeze at the outlet of the pipe, which will block the outlet and disrupt the operation of the sewer system.

The design of the deflector raises the most questions. For normal operation of the output, the deflector is an optional element and, as a rule, is not included in the standard set offered by manufacturers. However, in hot weather, especially in summer period, the use of a deflector helps to significantly increase the efficiency of ventilation and reduce the likelihood of failure of the sewer water seal due to high temperature air.

Installation of the exhaust pipe of the ventilation system

As a rule, the standard kit includes everything necessary for self-installation outlet of the sewerage ventilation pipe on the roof. The main difficulty that will be encountered is the exact determination of the location of the withdrawal. Most often, to install the output, you have to dismantle the fragment internal insulation roofs.

After determining the installation point of the ventilation outlet pipe on the roof according to the markings made, using a jigsaw or a rotary attachment to a drill, a hole is cut along the diameter of the ventilation outlet pipe. Next, the passage unit cover is placed on the cutout, and drilling points are marked for screwing in the self-tapping screws. Glue is applied to the slump line, laid on the roofing and screws are screwed in.

WITH inside roof, it is necessary to install a silicone cuff with a corrugated pipe and blow out the joint between roofing covering and corrugation polyurethane foam. All that remains is to restore the insulation and vapor barrier of the roof, after which the entire structure can be connected to the sewerage system.

Conclusion

After completing the installation of the outlet for sewer ventilation, it is recommended to seal all joints and seams silicone sealant, resistant to ultraviolet radiation from the sun. At the same time, the pipe itself, the deflector and the lining are not afraid of ultraviolet radiation and do not require special protective measures. The exception is parts purchased separately from unknown manufacturers. It is possible that purchasing a ready-made kit for ventilation outlet equipment will cost more, but this is a guarantee High Quality and long service life.

Sergey Novozhilov - expert on roofing materials with 9 years experience practical work in the field of engineering solutions in construction.

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Using a well-appointed toilet in a private country house is always more convenient than using “facilities in the yard.”

However, in order to prevent the smell from the pipes and septic tank from penetrating into the rooms, you will have to take care of the ventilation of the sewer system.

Ventilation of sewer risers is provided by the system plumbing fixtures, allowing liquids and air from the bathroom into the sewer and blocking reverse flow gases and air into the room.

Let's imagine that the sewer system of the house is equipped in the simplest way: all toilets, sinks, bathtubs and bidets are connected to the septic tank by pipes through a common riser. How does such a system work?

When a toilet is flushed, feces end up in the drain and then into the septic tank. The septic tank is not airtight, so the air displaced by feces is released into the atmosphere on the street, and unpleasant-smelling gases are reliably cut off by water in the water seal.

However, this only happens if the volume of flushed liquid is small and does not fill the entire lumen of the riser.

If the volume of liquid is large (for example, when water is released from bathtubs on two or three floors at the same time), a piston of liquid is formed in the riser, descending downwards.

As in any piston pump, this will cause a vacuum of air above the piston and suck water from all water seals of plumbing fixtures into the riser and then into the septic tank.

After such a drain, polluted air with an unpleasant odor freely penetrates through all plumbing fixtures into all bathrooms at once.

This effect is most pronounced when the contents of the septic tank are quickly pumped out into a sewage disposal machine.

The problem is not limited to an unpleasant smell in the house. When feces decompose in a septic tank, gases that are dangerous to humans are formed: hydrogen sulfide and methane.

Thus, ventilation of sewer risers must constantly remove gases from the system into the atmosphere and reliably block their penetration into the room when draining and pumping out the contents of the septic tank.

Ventilation system elements

The sewage ventilation system includes three elements:

• water seal;
• air valve;
• fan pipe.

- this is a device in the form of a U-shaped pipe or channel, constantly filled with water and blocking the access of gases from the sewer system to the premises.

A siphon works on the principle of communicating vessels: when liquid is drained through one vessel, the second vessel overflows and drains into the riser.

After the drain is completed, the siphon remains filled with liquid and reliably blocks access to gases from the septic tank.

The water seal prevents the appearance of unpleasant odors in rooms if the following conditions are met:

• constant filling with liquid;
• the absence of decomposing organic residues in the plumbing fixture and in the siphon itself;
• The gas pressure in the riser must be equal to the air pressure in the premises.

To comply with the first two conditions, it is enough to keep all wastewater receivers clean and periodically fill their siphons clean water if they are not used for a long time. Equality of pressure is ensured by other elements of the system.

- this is a device that allows air into the sewer riser and blocks the flow of gases from the riser into the premises.

In small one- or two-story private houses with bathrooms on the ground floor, it is rare to discharge large amounts of wastewater into a septic tank. In these cases, an aeration valve is quite capable of preventing gases from entering the premises.

Install it at the upper end of each riser (usually in the attic). In this case, the ventilation pipe must be installed on the septic tank, which is simpler and cheaper.

The valve system cannot replace siphons on plumbing fixtures; it only complements them. If the water in the siphons dries out, an unpleasant odor still appears.

This is a ventilation duct connected to the top of the sewer riser and led to the roof.

This element allows you to eliminate unpleasant odor from the sewer in the most radical way.

The drain pipe in a private house performs two functions:

• equalizes the pressure in the riser with atmospheric pressure when discharging a large amount of waste;
• constantly removes gases formed in the sewer system, preventing their accumulation and entry into the premises.

A properly designed and installed sewer pipe on the roof almost completely eliminates the possibility of sewer gases accumulating and entering the house.

Only if the siphons dry out does an unpleasant odor still appear, but it is much weaker due to constant ventilation. It is best to use modern plastic pipes, not subject to corrosion.

How to install correctly

There are two prerequisites for installing a ventilation pipe in the sewer system of a private house:

• the diameter of the risers does not exceed 50 mm;
• the house has two or more floors and plumbing fixtures are installed on all these floors.

Since the installation of plumbing on the floors is planned in advance in the house design, a ventilation duct for the sewerage must be provided in the same design.

The parameters and installation of the vent pipe are regulated Building Codes and Rules (SNiP 2.04.01-85* " Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings").

The rules for installing a fan riser are simple.

The height to which the exhaust part of the riser is raised depends on the roof structure. It amounts to:

• if the roof is flat and unused - 0.3 m;
• if the roof is pitched - 0.5 m;
• if the roof is in use (structures are located on it) - 3 m;
• if the duct is located in a prefabricated ventilation shaft - 0.1 m from its edge.

Also limited minimum distance from the exhaust part to windows and balconies. Horizontally it must be at least 4 m.

Vanes are not installed above the exhaust part of the ventilation risers (clause 17.18 of SNiP), since in winter a large amount of frost from condensate is deposited on them, as a result of which the channel is blocked.

A deflector can only be installed if the house is built in an area with a warm climate.

Sewage ventilation is routed to the roof separately from any other. The channel can be laid inside the prefabricated ventilation shaft, but it should not intersect with room ventilation or a chimney (clause 17.19 of SNiP).

The diameter of the fan pipe must be the same as the diameter of the riser. As a rule, the exhaust part and the riser consist of identical elements.

If there are several risers, they can be brought into one common exhaust part of the same diameter. In this case, the pipelines connecting the exhaust part must be installed with a slope of 0.01 (1 cm of decline per 1 m of length) towards the sewer risers (clause 17.20 of SNiP).

Any conscientious architect, when developing a house project, provides for the correct outlet of the drain pipe. However, after construction, many owners rebuild private houses, changing the layout. In this case, problems may arise with the correct outlet of sewer ventilation.

If the roof is pitched, it is best to remove the exhaust part at the top of the slope, as is done with a chimney. However, after redevelopment, the toilet may end up in a completely different place. Is it possible to move the sewer hood along with it?

It makes no sense to install a drain pipe at the bottom of the roof slope or even under the roof overhang: in winter, snow coming off the roof can damage it. In this case, the sewer ventilation pipe is led out under the roof into its top part and only then install the fan pipe.

In this case, the entire ventilation duct must be insulated so that condensation does not freeze in it.

If the exhaust part is slightly displaced relative to the riser, they can be connected with a corrugated plastic sleeve. As a last resort, the outlet for ventilation sewer risers can be made at the top of a blank wall in the backyard.

In this case, the pipe must be brought out through the opening in the wall at a distance of 30–40 cm. If it is brought out into the opening covered with a decorative grille, condensation during the cold season will settle above the hole and spoil the plaster.

Summary

It is not difficult to install the ventilation of the sewer networks of a low-rise private house yourself, subject to certain rules.

When installing plumbing fixtures only on the ground floor, there is no need to install a separate ventilation pipe for the sewerage system. In this case, the water piston effect can be eliminated using air valve installed at the upper end of the riser.

If plumbing fixtures in the house are installed on all floors, the uninterrupted functioning of the plumbing is ensured by a properly installed drain pipe. If the rules of SNiP are observed, problems with the operation of the sewer system do not arise.

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What are fan pipes?

Many people have heard from friends and acquaintances that it is necessary to create an installation diagram in a private home. This is due to high-quality ventilation of the toilet, bathroom, kitchen, and entire house, which can be built using a vent pipe.

What is a fan pipe, what can it be, how to install it?

The drain pipe is connected to the sewer system and is designed to perform a ventilation and water seal function with subsequent outlet to the roof. During operation of the sewer pipeline, gases accumulate in it. If you do not install a waterproof barrier, they will penetrate into the living space, which is dangerous for the lives of the inhabitants of the apartment. In addition, an unpleasant odor will spread throughout the house.

It can be of any length, shape, depending on the installation location and the size of the sewer line. This part exhaust system can be straight, angular, placed in horizontal, vertical directions.

To prevent unpleasant odors from entering your home, it is necessary to make a high-quality one. In such cases, it helps, for the manufacture of which plastic is most often used. However, elements of metallic origin were not completely replaced. Today, many people use cast iron in their homes, less often. Metal does not want to give up its positions.

Read with this article: How to bend and connect with your own hands. Review from “A” to “Z” of this product.

Possible schemes

Laying and replacing sewer risers does not allow mistakes in the process of planning and installing the system, otherwise the living space will be filled with an unpleasant odor. To prevent this from happening, in a private house you need to choose the right drain pipe design.

There are 2 installation schemes for exhaust systems:

1. Horizontal.
   According to this scheme, the outlet of the vent pipe must be carried out through a hole in the wall, and not through the roof. This scheme can be used in private construction if it is impossible to make an exit through the roof. The final outlet is covered by a grille rather than a deflector.
2. Vertical.
   With this design of the fan pipe in a private house, the riser goes out through the roof.

There are three types of vertical outlet of the riser to the atmosphere:

• output at an angle of 90⁰. It is necessary to make two branches from the riser, one after the other, at angles of 90⁰, after which it will come out vertically upward through the roof;
• output at a slope of 45⁰. To directly exit the riser through the roof, it is necessary to alternately make a branch from the main riser, first at 45 degrees, and then at 135 degrees;
• normal output vertical type, which will immediately continue to the roof and go outside through it.

Important! The ventilation installation scheme in a private house must be correct, that is, in accordance with the appropriate diameter and in the right place, it must be possible to anticipate the presence of a backflow blocking the overflow of feces.

Use of cast iron elements

For several decades, the installation of exhaust ducts took place using cast iron risers. Today, cast iron fan pipes are becoming increasingly rare. But in vain, because using risers made of this material you can be sure of the quality of exhaust and ventilation ducts. have a number of advantages.

They differ:

• strength. The rigidity and density of the alloy contribute to safe operation, which can be purchased at hardware store. They are used in the construction of private, multi-storey buildings;
• long service life. This is due to high wear resistance, which helps maintain excellent technical characteristics for many years;
• resistance to mechanical impacts. They are not afraid of accidental impacts, damage, or heavy loads.

Minuses:

• tendency to corrosion processes;
• difficulty of transportation;
• heavy weight;
• high price.

When repairing or replacing old cast iron risers, it is necessary to dismantle current system. It is not easy to do this if the sewer or exhaust line is located in hard to reach place. How to disassemble the fan cast iron pipe behind the toilet? It is difficult to carry out this procedure if tow with cement, aluminum or sulfur were used to connect the risers.

First you need to dismantle the parts that are located further from the riser. To do this, you should stock up on a chisel or a hammer with a plastic or rubber head. When you hit the chisel with an iron hammer, pieces of metal sharply bounce off the pipe and can fall into the riser, since cast iron is a very brittle alloy.

Having done everything preparatory work, start removing the cast iron drain or sewer riser:

1. After destroying this element of the system, gradually approach the crosspiece, leaving 30-35 cm of an almost broken part.
2. Using the remaining piece, gently loosen it. If this does not help, then use a chisel to start removing the packing, loosen it again, and then remove the remaining fragment.
3. If the system is condensed with sulfur, then it is necessary to take blowtorch or gas burner and start heating the packing. Before doing this, you need to cover the furniture and walls with a screen so as not to damage them. Preferably this work should be done by two people, since one must remove the heated viscous sulfur.
4. After removing a certain amount of the heated mass, remove the remainder of the unnecessary part of the part.

An option is possible when you can use a grinder to cut off the rest of the line right up to the socket. This procedure will ensure not only a neat cut, but also a quick, convenient joining of the new one to the old cast iron riser.

Important! Cast iron fan pipe can be used in any extreme situations. This means that such a system will function normally in a wide range of conditions. temperature range at high blood pressure.

Work with cast iron fans or sewer pipes, including their drilling, must be carried out as carefully as possible. This is due to the increased fragility of the metal.

Over a long period of operation, as a result of corrosion processes, cast iron sewer risers become unattractive. Therefore, they need to be refreshed. cast iron pipe in the toilet?

For painting use acrylic, water-dispersion paint. The shade can be very diverse.

Some owners refresh cast iron risers oil paints. Before painting, you need to get rid of rust, old peeling paint, unnecessary debris, and dirt. Only after such preparation can you begin painting. A painted, restored sewer line will last for many more years.

Application of plastic structures

In private homes, when installing systems for removing air and various types of odors, they mainly use plastic vent pipes. They can be round or .

Risers used as fan risers are produced different sizes. When installing an exhaust or supply ventilation Fan plastic pipes with a diameter of 50 to 110 mm and a length of 3-4 meters are in demand.

If the plastic fan pipe in the ceiling is cracked, then it needs to be replaced. Repairing this part of the exhaust or ventilation line will not bring the desired result.

When carrying out this procedure, you should adhere to the sequence of work:

• using a hammer drill around the riser, expand the diameter of the hole (at least 2 times);
• use a grinder to cut the cracked element of the system approximately in the middle of the height so that it is convenient to remove both pieces;
• remove the cracked parts and put a new riser in their place;
• seal the hole around installed element exhaust ventilation both from below in the ceiling and in the upper plane of the ceiling.

It must be said about the presence of flexible plastic fan pipes. To connect them to a solid part of the system, it is recommended to use rubber rings for sealing. For better fit into the socket and complete tightness, they must be coated with silicone before installation. When attaching such a section to the wall, metal clamps are used, which are characterized by increased reliability.

Important! Although silicone is an ideal substance for high-quality sealing, it should be remembered that the next time you dismantle it, you will have to put in a lot of effort to remove it.

Today, plastic risers can be purchased at any hardware store or store.

Dimensions

There is no separate part called a fan pipe, regardless of size.

This design includes:

• regular tee;
• lid or grill;
• one or more pipes;
• safety valve.

The dimensions of drainage pipes for sewerage, as well as for toilets, depend on the specific conditions of their operation.

The following rules must be followed:

• You can use parts from any materials;
• The size of the pipes for the exhaust riser, including the length, may vary.

Today, the most popular are plastic fan pipes with diameters from 110 to 50 mm, regardless of other linear dimensions(lengths).

Using a 110x45 ani plast w4220 drain pipe, which can be of different sizes, it is convenient to connect the sewerage system to the toilet outlet. Such a detail will seem to glue the toilet bowl to the sewer riser, which will ensure that there are no leaks in the bathroom. The size of the toilet drain pipe depends on the diameters of the drain, sewer riser, and the distance of these elements to the wall or ceiling.

The diameter of the part must be such that the maximum possible sewer flows do not interfere with its normal functioning. Sometimes ventilation and sewerage are constructed from risers different diameters. Then you need to use a special adapter.

There is a catalog where you can select the necessary parameters of parts for arranging an exhaust system.

Important! Perfect option placement of the exhaust riser - the place where the internal and external sewers are connected.

Fan pipe ventilation

Current building regulations state that it is not necessary to install ventilation in one-story houses, since in such dwellings the one-time drains are small. Buildings with two or more floors must be equipped with such systems. This is due to the fact that with the help of such risers communication with environment, which means ventilation processes occur.

Many people ask: “Can the waste pipe be vented? And if so, how to connect the vent pipe to the ventilation?” We will give detailed answers to these and other questions.

When installing a vent pipe, it can and simply must be vented, which is most often done. To carry out this procedure, you must first build a ventilation duct.

It is necessary to anticipate the installation of a check valve.

Its purpose:

• prevents the return of drain flows;
• prevents rodents from entering the sewer and into the premises;
• corrects a sewer pipeline with an incorrectly installed slope;
• limits the entry of mechanical impurities into the toilet.

The principle of operation of the device is simple: after water comes out of the drain tank, it is triggered and the liquid enters the sewer system. With the valve closed, from the toilet and sewer unpleasant odors do not spread throughout the rooms, since the device is completely sealed.

Important! Install a check valve immediately after the toilet.

Although everyone is trying to install the exhaust system correctly, you can still smell an unpleasant odor from the sewer system in our houses and apartments.

Sometimes odors from the exhaust pipe are blown into the ventilation, since these two channels are located next to each other. To get rid of unpleasant odors, it is necessary to install an aerator at the upper end of the riser. Thanks to this vacuum valve, the system will function perfectly.

Output to the roof

Not everyone knows how to ventilate the roof. This must be done, since the ventilation system in the attic cannot end. The drainage pipe must have access to the roof so that there is a connection with the street and the atmosphere. If the sewer is led to the attic, then all the unpleasant odors will be concentrated there. When the hood does not reach the roof, mold will begin to appear in the attic as a result of increased humidity, which will cause a lot of harm to the entire home. The fan pipe is installed both on the roof of a multi-story building and a single-story building.

What to do when the drain pipe on the roof freezes? To prevent it from freezing on the roof, it is necessary to provide insulation around it. The cause of freezing is the formation of condensation, since warm air has the ability to rise up. The result is freezing of the walls with ice, which can lead to the blocking of the exhaust lumen and the cessation of the functioning of the entire system.

The risers are insulated with rolled heat insulators or “shells”, which should be securely fastened.

In some cases, it is impossible to carry out the drainage pipe to the roof. This is not a problem, since you can use horizontal diagram installation of an exhaust system. The end of the ventilation system will not be located on the roof, but will be vented through the wall into the air.

You can buy a roof vent pipe at a construction supermarket.

Important! Regardless of how the drain pipe is routed - onto the roof or through the wall, the system requires a check valve.

In order for ventilation systems to function for a long time and efficiently, when laying pipelines, you must adhere to the above-mentioned norms and rules. Only then will your home not be filled with unpleasant odors, but will constantly feel the flow of fresh air.

About ventilation of concrete septic tanks

For sewerage on their territory, each owner tries to make a two-chamber concrete septic tank. These containers must be ventilated not only to eliminate unpleasant odors. If you design and make it correctly ventilation system in a septic tank, then by doing this you will make the stay of your family and residents of neighboring houses safe, comfortable, and enjoyable. You need to take care not only of yourself, but also respect your neighbors.

Such a structure is a habitat for bacteria that can quickly process organic waste coming from the sewer system. As a result, dirty wastewater turns into clean water and il. This biological-chemical process is accompanied by the release of a large amount of gas, which not only smells unpleasant, but can cause an explosion if a spark hits it. Conclusion: high-quality ventilation two-chamber concrete septic tank without a drain pipe it is impossible. For the full functioning of a conventional septic tank, it is also necessary to provide ventilation.

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