Do-it-yourself partition from tongue-and-groove blocks. Installation of a wall made of tongue-and-groove slabs: cost of work per square meter. Video of installation of partitions from PGP

Tongue-and-groove slabs are rectangular gypsum parallelepipeds designed for constructing internal non-load-bearing partitions in rooms with varying degrees of humidity. There are hollow and solid versions of their execution.

KNAUF tongue-and-groove slabs

One of the most famous manufacturers of gypsum boards is the German concern KNAUF. The brand's products are available in three sizes: 667x500x80, 667x500x100 and 900x300x80.

Material of tongue-and-groove slabs

The basis for the production of KNAUF tongue-and-groove slabs is gypsum binder of two grades: G-4 or G-5. The material does not support combustion and does not contain toxic components, which allows its use in hospitals and kindergartens. He doesn't spend electricity and resistant to sudden changes temperature regime. A high degree of vapor permeability is characteristic of all gypsum products. The material lends itself perfectly machining and has no specific odor.

installation of partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs. Photo

Technical description of KNAUF boards

The KNAUF tongue-and-groove plate has the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, the design of which provides for a special high-precision tongue-and-groove connection. Ready product has the following specifications for all sizes:


Installation of partitions using KNAUF slabs

Do-it-yourself partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Video instruction

Partitions made from KNAUF tongue-and-groove slabs are constructed using the designer method, by precisely connecting a groove on the supporting side and a tongue on the joining side, with gluing of the joining surfaces. The adhesive mixture can be used as glue for gluing drywall " Pearlfix", produced by the KNAUF concern. Installation of tongue-and-groove slabs is carried out with precise adherence to rows in vertical as well as horizontal planes.

Work on the construction of partitions should be carried out after completion of production load-bearing elements premises, but before laying the finished floors. This period coincides with finishing work indoors, mainly during the cold season. Temperature indoors should not be below +5 °C. Humidity should correspond to dry or normal conditions. Before use, the slabs must undergo acclimatization, that is, adapt to indoor conditions. To do this, they must lie inside for at least 4 hours.

The permissible length of the partition is 6 m, and the height is 3.6 m. If it is necessary to erect a longer or higher partition, it is made up of separate fragments, each of which has a separate attachment to load-bearing structures using a special frame.

Volma tongue-and-groove slabs (solid)

Volma solid slabs have the shape of rectangular parallelepipeds with a tongue-and-groove system, manufactured using injection molding technology. The main purpose is the construction of internal partitions in rooms with three types of humidity according to SNiP II-3-79. Moisture-resistant boards contain hydrophobic additives and special plasticizers. The moisture-resistant version has a characteristic green color.

The material of the stove does not support combustion and does not contain substances harmful to the human body. They have high sound insulation and do not have a specific odor.

installation of walls made of Volma tongue-and-groove slabs. Photo

Technical characteristics of Volma slabs

The surface of the slab and the geometric accuracy of the design eliminate plastering work when finishing the room. The solid slab is produced in one standard size - 667x500x80. The weight of one plate is 28 kg.

Volma tongue-and-groove slabs (hollow)

For the construction of partitions that require reducing the load on the base of the floor, Volma hollow plasterboards are provided. Their main application is the installation of interior structures in modern panel houses. This is due to the maximum load that the floor slabs can withstand. Like their solid counterparts, the slabs can be standard and moisture-resistant. The standard size remains the same: 667X500X80 mm. Often a hollow slab is used for cladding the outside of a room. The weight of a standard hollow slab is 20 kg, moisture resistant - 22 kg. The material properties of hollow slabs are similar to their solid counterparts.

Installation of partitions from Volma slabs

Installation of a partition made of Volma tongue-and-groove slabs is carried out by precise alignment of grooves and ridges on parallelepipeds, followed by gluing them. As glue mixture for Volma tongue-and-groove slabs, any adhesive for gluing drywall is used, including that recommended by the manufacturer “ Volma-montage" Installation of the partition structure is carried out in the following order:

Partition made of Volma tongue-and-groove slabs. Video instruction

Electrical installation in tongue-and-groove slabs

Electrical wiring in tongue-and-groove slabs is carried out by laying wires in pre-made grooves. The depth of laying the grooves has a limitation: it should not exceed 40 mm for a slab thickness of 80 mm, and 50 mm for a slab width of 100 mm. The wires are secured using alabaster or drywall glue. The landing sockets for undercutters should also not exceed the specified depth. Their arrangement is possible in a mirror image on both sides of the partition into a through hole. But in this way the noise-absorbing properties of the structure are lost. For additional insulation of electrical wiring in tongue-and-groove slabs, corrugated tubes are used.

technology for installing tongue-and-groove slabs. Photo

Finishing walls from tongue-and-groove slabs

Like any other building surface, partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs provide for all types of construction finishing works. The advantage of such a partition is the absence of additional putty manipulations preceding decorative work. The finishing of a tongue-and-groove partition includes: painting the surface, laying ceramic tiles and natural stone and wallpapering.

Laying ceramic tiles on tongue-and-groove walls

The process of laying ceramic tiles on plasterboard is similar to gluing tiles to drywall:


Due to the moisture-absorbing properties of gypsum, the finished surface should not be disturbed for three days.

Wallpapering walls made of tongue-and-groove slabs

Before gluing the wallpaper to the tongue-and-groove partition, you should make small finishing Painting works. This could be the application of a thin layer of ready-made plaster, for example, “ Rotband" Or covering the surface with a layer of finishing fine-grained putty. Before applying putty, the surface is treated with a primer deep penetration. After the putty has dried, the surface is ready for wallpapering. It is not necessary to treat the base with soil. Gluing wallpaper to partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs is carried out according to the standard procedure, with glue applied both to the wallpaper and to the base of the surface being glued.

Painting walls made of tongue-and-groove slabs

The tongue-and-groove slab is also painted after finishing surfaces fine-grained putty. After the finishing layer has dried, it is carefully rubbed with a fine sanding mesh under the light of a construction lamp. This is necessary to avoid irregularities and roughness invisible to the eye. The surface to be painted should be treated with a primer and given time to dry. After this, you can apply one or more layers of paint as needed.

Before any type of finishing of the tongue-and-groove partition, it must be thoroughly cleaned and treated with a primer.

tongue-and-groove slabs DIY installation. Video

Today there is a wide variety building materials, from which you can make high-quality and durable partitions in an apartment or private house. But often the choice of a specific material depends on the type of structure of the building. If the floor consists of reinforced concrete slabs between floors, then it is important to make the interior partitions as light as possible.

The most optimal materials from which interior partitions can be made are lightweight ones, but today masonry materials such as gypsum block and foam block are of considerable interest. Various blocks are a new means for quickly and inexpensively erecting partitions in an apartment or private house, however, during the work, nuances arise that must be observed without fail. First of all, let's look at how to lay gypsum blocks on the solution.

Choosing glue or solution

First of all, let's find out what solution is needed for laying gypsum blocks. If there is money for a special acrylic glue gypsum based is not enough, since it is quite expensive, you can use regular tile adhesive or cement mortar in a ratio of 1:3 and add PVA glue to it. When thoroughly mixed, a very elastic and finely dispersed mixture is obtained, which is easily spread with a spatula. Its excess is squeezed out when the block is installed in place. The solution is much easier to work with because its setting speed is much slower than gypsum adhesive, which can only be worked with during the first 60 minutes.

The question often arises: “How to lay gypsum blocks with glue?” when the need arises to build a partition. In fact, the glue is the best remedy for the construction of partitions from gypsum blocks. It hardens faster, which allows for complete installation with all necessary communications in just one day. And within an hour the surface can be easily cleaned by anyone mechanically, but this is usually not required if tongue-and-groove slabs were used.

Slabs or block

Before starting to describe the technology for constructing a partition, you should decide on the choice of the type of material and its advantages. A gypsum wall block is, as a rule, a perfectly rectilinear parallelepiped on all sides made from a mixture of gypsum, cement and plasticizer. Good geometric parameters each product is acquired through production technology without the use high temperatures, as, for example, in the production of foam-gas-silicate blocks. But at the same time, gypsum blocks have better thermal conductivity and strength. High thermal insulation properties of the material were achieved through the use of sawdust, they also strengthen the structure of the block.

Good strength indicators made it possible to produce tongue-and-groove slabs, that is, blocks 8-10 cm thick and dimensions 66.7 x 50 cm with a groove and tongue for joining each other during installation. This is the main difference between slabs and blocks.

Gypsum tongue-and-groove partitions turn out to be perfectly smooth on both sides and during the installation process there is a low probability of curvature from the level even by a millimeter.

If we compare the price parameters, then laying partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs will cost a little more, because their cost is higher than the blocks. But one cannot fail to notice the advantages of working with them. The comb fits securely into the groove and at the same time forms quality connection all blocks together without the slightest deviation along any planes.

Although laying gypsum blocks will be cheaper, it will require more adhesive mixture. It is more difficult to align it on planes, which is fraught with curvature and distortions. The main thing in technology is maintaining the levels, so the block wall turns out smooth and of high quality. But you should take into account the advantage - a wall made of gypsum blocks, as a rule, is thicker and has best characteristics strength and sound insulation. As for weight, of course, it is heavier, so hollow gypsum blocks can be used as an alternative.

Gypsum block installation technology


There are several technologies for laying gypsum blocks. Some people prefer to use glue, while others prefer to use a solution. In fact, you can use both methods, but you will only need to meet certain conditions. Before considering how to lay gypsum blocks on one or another means, you should familiarize yourself with general technology execution full complex works

To make it clearer how to lay gypsum blocks, see the photo below.

Interior partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs must be smooth and durable. And to achieve this, it is necessary to follow the installation technology.

In order for the installation of the tongue-and-groove partition to be of high quality, it is necessary to allow the blocks to get used to the temperature at which they will be placed in place. To do this, it is recommended to bring all the material into the room and give it at least 1 day to get used to it. The block, due to the filler in the form of sawdust and plasticizer, expands slightly with increasing temperature, taking on its final shape. Compliance with this condition will eliminate the possibility of cracks occurring the next day after installation of the blocks.

The first step is to mark the location where the partition will be installed. Here you can use either a regular tape measure, a plumb line and a long level, or a laser device. When performing large-scale work, it is advisable and much more efficient to use a laser level.

Well, at home, when there is nowhere and there is no need to rush, it is quite possible to get by with familiar tools. A tongue-and-groove partition, as a rule, is perfectly flat on all sides, so no plaster or plasterboard is required. Unless, of course, additional insulation is needed. Therefore, when marking, the craftsman takes this into account and deviates from the original line a distance equal to the thickness of the additional finishing.


Installation of tongue-and-groove partitions should be carried out only on a high-quality and conscientiously prepared surface. Therefore, using a broom, brush and other tools, we carefully sweep the area where the partition will be installed. Also, the installation of partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs provides ideal flat surface. To obtain this, the mechanically cleaned area is treated with concrete contact (acrylic or any other primer for concrete). It is recommended to do this in two layers for better adhesion of the leveling layer.

If the house has reinforced concrete floors, this does not mean that the surface is perfectly flat. In order to correctly lay gypsum blocks, deviations should not exceed more than 3 mm; in other cases, the surface must be leveled.

If the leveling layer turns out to be very thin, then a self-leveling mixture can be used. To do this, you need to install something like formwork and fill it with mortar, using a special roller with needles to roll out the mortar evenly over the entire plane.

If a tongue-and-groove partition is installed on an excessively curved surface, it can be leveled using a semi-dry screed. To do this, mix grade 500 cement and sand sifted through a fine sieve in a ratio of 1:3. Next, water is added and the solution is mixed until a uniformly moist (not wet) mixture is obtained. The process should not be described further, because it is not from this topic. After leveling with a semi-dry screed and completely drying (1-2 days), the surface must be treated again with soil (concrete contact). That's it, the surface is ready, you can start installation.

It is necessary to ensure that the partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs does not vibrate or resonate, thereby increasing soundproofing properties premises. To do this, it is necessary to provide a damping layer at the point of contact with the floor and wall. To accomplish this, you can use a cork backing tape 15 cm wide and 4 mm thick. It will compensate for all kinds of fluctuations and the degree of expansion of the partition when the temperature changes.

The tape can be installed using the same glue as the boards themselves. To do this, a certain amount of it is diluted; it is better not to mix it with water, because it will still become unusable even before laying the blocks. Using a spatula thin layer spread on the prepared surface, carefully roll out the tape and press it to the base. You need to let the glue harden for at least 1 hour.

That's it, the damping layer is ready, you can install tongue-and-groove slabs for partitions.

For better orientation relative to the level, you can use physical slats, that is, attach guides to the wall and floor on both sides of the partition with dowels. This will minimize the likelihood of deviation during installation.

On next stage Let's look at how to properly lay gypsum blocks. For more reliable fastening of the slabs to each other and a better geometry of the wall, the slabs must be laid with the groove up. To do this, use a regular hand hacksaw to carefully remove the lower ridge. Here it is important to leave the surface perfectly flat, without protrusions, so that it fits tightly onto the damper substrate.

The mortar for laying gypsum blocks or glue should be spread using a spatula directly onto the tape and then onto the blocks. A little is required, because when joining, the excess will still be squeezed out by the weight of the slab.

Shrinking of each plate is carried out using a hammer with a rubber pad or through a block until the surfaces are in complete contact.


The tongue-and-groove slabs must be laid in a checkerboard pattern or with each row offset relative to each other by no less than 1/3 of its width. This will make the partition very durable and resistant to any impact.

The installation of tongue-and-groove partitions necessarily includes its fastening to the wall and floor using perforated corners. It can be attached to blocks with ordinary wood screws, to the floor and walls using dowels or anchors. Fastening should be done at least every other row or block in a row.
The video attached below will be an excellent instruction and clarification for the article.

Doorways in the partitions of their tongue-and-groove slabs

Installing a partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs cannot do without door or window openings. Moreover, if the height of the partition is no more than 3 m and only 1 row of slabs will be laid over an opening up to 80 cm wide, then lintels do not need to be used. It is enough to make a small half-frame with the width of the opening from wooden blocks and attach it to the slabs with self-tapping screws. Next, the next row of blocks is laid with periodic quality control of the surfaces using a level.

Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs (hereinafter referred to as GSP) are a prefabricated large-block structure. The blocks are made by molding. They are distinguished by increased accuracy - the deviation of the working surfaces is no more than 1.5 mm from the specified one. Depending on the raw materials used, they are divided into two types:

  • Silicate. Produced by silicatization of quartz sand and lime in an autoclave under high temperatures. This technology allows us to obtain durable, moisture-resistant, non-flammable material.
  • Plaster. The main raw material is gypsum. For achievement required characteristics plasticizers and other chemical additives are introduced into it. This makes it possible to obtain the necessary strength and moisture resistance. Depending on this, products are divided into types. The environmental safety of raw materials makes it possible to use them without restrictions, even in children's rooms.

Dimensions of tongue-and-groove blocks for partitions different manufacturers may vary. We list the most common options:

  • 667x500;
  • 250x500;
  • 300x900;
  • 599x199.

Partition slabs of all sizes are produced in thicknesses of 70, 80 and 100 mm. Depending on the design they are divided into two types:

  • Full-bodied. They are solid monolithic elements. They are used if it is necessary to ensure high strength, for example, to hang heavy shelves or lockers.
  • Hollow. Have round holes perforation. This makes them lighter and therefore easier to install. Thanks to the voids, the products have increased sound insulation. They can also be used as channels for electrical wiring.

Depending on the purpose of the premises, interior wall can be made single or double. If you place mineral wool insulation between the gypsum panels, you can achieve 100% sound insulation between adjacent apartments.

Pros and cons of using tongue-and-groove blocks for partitions

Advantages:

  • Availability. The use of the material is economically justified. Prefabricated gypsum structures are lighter ceramic bricks, stronger than drywall and foam gas silicate. At the same time, their cost is 10-30% lower.
  • Safety. The raw materials for the production of PGP do not contain any harmful impurities. The products themselves are highly fire resistant.
  • Soundproofing. If the installation technology is followed, the wall prevents penetration loud sounds to adjacent rooms.
  • Easy to install. Thanks to the connection of individual elements according to the tongue-and-groove principle, even a person without experience in carrying out such work can cope with the construction of the PGP. The main thing is to correctly mark and constantly monitor straightness as a rule.
  • Ease. The material is almost half the weight of brick, which reduces the load on the interfloor ceiling. At the same time, you get thinner interior partitions, which gives additional usable space.

Flaws:

  • Hygroscopicity. Standard tongue-and-groove slabs absorb moisture well, but during the drying process they can become deformed. Therefore, it is important to install them after completing all wet processes in the room.
  • Fragility. Under high loads, the material bursts at the point of greatest stress. Therefore, before constructing the wall, wooden floor, it needs to be well strengthened. In new buildings that may shrink, it is imperative to use damping tapes.
  • Demanding requirements for the foundation. The large-block structure does not allow the adjacent surfaces to be leveled during the construction of walls, as can be done, for example, with bricks. This means that you first have to carefully align all planes.

Technology for installing partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs

The construction of the PGP will begin after completion plastering works, laying electrical and plumbing communications, but before installing subfloors. Humidity should not exceed 60%, and the air temperature should be above 5 degrees.

Preparing the base

All adjacent surfaces must be level, strictly horizontal or vertical. If the planes do not correspond to the level, we level them with concrete or cement-sand mortar. The hardened base is dusted and primed.

We apply markings to the floor in accordance with the project and mark the location doorways. Using a level or a laser axis builder, we transfer the lines to the walls and ceiling.

You can quickly and perfectly evenly draw marking lines with a construction tapping cord. It's better to do this together.

To increase sound insulation, we glue a cork elastic gasket with a mounting solution to all surfaces adjacent to the PGP. We press her building level, controlling the correspondence of vertical and horizontal.

For novice craftsmen, a contour made of cork gasket helps to achieve ideal wall geometry. It serves as a guide when checking planes with the rule.

Fastening partitions

The standard fasteners for the PGP are brackets C3 (with a thickness of 1 cm) and C2 (with a thickness of 0.8 cm). They are screwed with self-tapping screws to the walls, ceiling and wooden floor at the junction points. On concrete floor the necessary strength is created by the adhesive solution.

But more often for fastening they use 100x100 mm equal-flange mounting angles or plasterboard hangers.

With a ceiling height of 2800 mm, it is enough to secure the vertical in three places. Horizontal fasteners are installed every 600 - 1000 mm.

Gypsum panels remain stable when erecting rectilinear structures up to 3600 mm high and 6000 mm long. The distance is measured between the intersection angles.

Corner slabs must be secured to each other with punched tape or gypsum board hangers.

Construction of the first row of tongue-and-groove blocks

After delivering the material to the site, it must rest for 24 hours. During this time, temperature and humidity equalize.

Gypsum panels can be laid with the groove up or down. In the first option, the mortar mixture is distributed more evenly along the plane of contact of the elements. Therefore, before installing the first row, use a hacksaw with a large tooth to cut off the ridge from the bottom side. We carry out installation in the following sequence:

  1. Mix a small portion of the adhesive solution. Special attention you need to devote time to its viability. Usually it is 30-60 minutes.
  2. Apply glue according to the markings on the floor and wall.
  3. We install the first tongue-and-groove block. Apply a level on top and, tapping with a rubber mallet, level the horizontal. Each time we control the vertical using a small level or a long marking rule.
  4. Immediately remove excess mortar mixture. When it hardens, it will ruin the finish coat.
  5. If necessary, we attach the slab to the enclosing structures.

We repeat the steps for the remaining elements of the first row. We pay special attention to size compliance, straightness and verticality. For control we use a level, tape measure and a rule.

Construction of subsequent rows

General principles installation remains the same, but has its own characteristics. The vertical seams of adjacent rows should not be allowed to coincide. You need to do them with a spacing of at least 1 cm. To do this, cut the block in half. We install one part of it on the whole panel with which we started the first row. We use the second one as extra.

It is important to observe bandaging in corners and intersections of walls. If the block has a groove and a tongue along its entire length, we cut them at the corner joints. Otherwise, the ridge will not fit into the groove.

Due to the low viability of the adhesive solution, we first trim the parts and adjust their size to dry. Only after this do we fill the groove with glue and install the element. Be sure to remove the squeezed out excess mortar mixture.

Formation of doorways

When constructing an opening up to 900 mm wide, you can do without additional supporting structures. At the same time, it is important to arrange it so that there are no freely hanging slabs above the door. Therefore, for such places we first draw a laying diagram on paper. We start with the row above the doorway. We place the vertical seam in the middle of the span. Only then do we paint the remaining elements, adhering to the rules for spacing the seams.

At the stage of wall construction, we screw on a temporary lintel made of wood or a profile for plasterboard (installation of supports is allowed). After the adhesive mixture has hardened, remove the temporary mounting parts.

Above openings wider than 900 mm, be sure to install a lintel: wooden block, metal corner or channel. The support should be within 100-150 mm. The top of the door does not have to be horizontal assembly seam. It is enough to cut a groove for the jumper at the required level.

It is important to think in advance about the finishing of the embedded elements. Metal parts cover with paint in three layers. We impregnate the wooden ones with an antiseptic, and for better adhesion we cover the front parts with strips of plasterboard.

Construction of the last row of tongue-and-groove blocks

It is inconvenient to complete the masonry with narrow cuts. Therefore, for ease of installation, the top row slabs can be installed vertically. The tongue-and-groove system does not allow elements to be joined flush to the ceiling. A gap is required to install them. To make it easier to seal the seam, we cut the top plane diagonally. On the side closest to the installer, a gap of 2-3 millimeters is sufficient. The cutting line of the far part should be at a distance of 2-5 cm from the ceiling.

If you plan to install it in the future stretch ceiling, foam the gap polyurethane foam. When it is important to make an even connection, we fill the hole gypsum plaster. We do this in several stages, observing the layer thickness recommended by the manufacturer.

It is important to secure the PGP to the ceiling with mounting brackets or corners. Otherwise, the top edge may become loose.

Electrical installation

If necessary, we lay wiring in tongue-and-groove partitions and install sockets and switches. In hollow blocks we use internal channels. If you know the location of the communications in advance, you can pre-drill the holes in the ridge to the required diameter. This will make it easier to route the wires.

In solid panels, we cut grooves with a manual or mechanical wall cutter. We drill holes for the socket boxes using wood bits.

Not allowed to use percussion instrument: hammer drill or impact drill.

We remove dust from the prepared channels and prime them. After installing the cables, seal the grooves with plaster adhesive solution.

For clarity, and to simplify the installation of partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs with your own hands, we provide video instructions.

This Code of Rules contains instructions on constructive solutions for partitions and wall claddings using gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs and methods of their installation, the implementation of which ensures compliance with the mandatory requirements for such structures established by current regulatory documents.

The choice of a specific design solution and materials for constructing structures falls within the competence of the design or construction organization.

If the decisions and materials recommended in this document are adopted for implementation, all rules established herein must be complied with in full.

The document was developed taking into account the experience of constructing these structures from materials supplied by KNAUF group enterprises. If materials from other manufacturers are used for the construction of structures provided for in this Code of Practice, their compliance with the requirements of this document must be confirmed in the prescribed manner.

The set of rules is intended for design and construction organizations, as well as operational services.

The set of rules was developed by TsNIIPromzdaniy OJSC (Deputy General Director, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Honored Builder of the Russian Federation CM. Glikin), KNAUF MARKETING NOVOMOSKOVSK LLC (General Director I.E. Kovaleva) and KNAUF SERVICE LLC (consulting engineer T.N. Skvortsov).

SP 55-103-2004

CODE OF RULES FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

DESIGNS WITH APPLICATION
Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs

STRUCTURES WITH APPLICATION
GYPSUM PLATES

Date of introduction 2004-10-01

1 AREA OF USE

Structures using gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs can be used in buildings for various purposes, varying degrees of fire resistance and functional fire hazard class, any number of floors and any structural systems, constructed in all climatic regions of the country, including seismic regions and areas with other special conditions, subject to compliance with regulatory requirements for structures.

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

The list of regulatory documents referenced in this Code of Practice is given in the Appendix.

3 GENERAL PROVISIONS

3.1 This Code of Practice should be used to guide the design, construction and operation of enclosing structures using gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs in residential, public, administrative and industrial buildings.

3.2 This Code of Rules contains recommended design solutions for partitions and wall cladding using gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs, as well as component materials and products supplied by KNAUF group enterprises, specified in section . When applying these technical solutions, the design parameters provided for in this Code of Practice, including cross-sectional dimensions, the maximum permissible height of structures, as well as the connection devicetions and interfaces with other building structures may be used directly without carrying out supporting calculations. If slabs and component materials and products are used that differ from those specified in the section , the above parameters must be determined by calculation or test results.

3.3 Products and materials specified in the section , must meet the requirements of the relevant standards or technical specifications, and for materials supplied abroad - a certificate of conformity (if there is a domestic analogue) or a technical certificate (if there is no domestic analogue).

3.4 Materials and products must have mandatory accompanying documentation, including: certificates of conformity (for materials subject to mandatory certification); hygienic conclusion (for materials included in the list approved by the Russian Ministry of Health); fire safety certificates (for materials included in the list of products subject to mandatory certification in the field of fire safety); instructions for use.

4 MATERIALS USED FOR CONSTRUCTIONS MADE FROM GYPSUM TONGUE BOARDS

4.1 Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs

4.1.1 This Code of Rules for the construction of structures provides for the use of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs in accordance with TU 5742-007-16415648-98, TU 5742-014-03984362-96, TU 5742-001-56798576-2004 and TU 5742-003-05287561-2003, physical - technical characteristics of which are given in the table .

4.1.2 The range of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs includes ordinary and hydrophobized (moisture resistant) slabs, solid and PUhundred-bodied. Ordinary slabs should be used in enclosing structures of rooms with dry and normal humidity conditions, and hydrophobized ones can also be used in rooms with wet conditions according to SNiP 23-02.

Table 4.1

Item no.

Index

Unit change

Plates according to specifications

TU 5742-007-16415648-98

TU 5742-014-03984362-96

TU 5742-001-56798576-2004

TU 5742-003-05287561-2003

ordinary

hydroph.

Density, no more

kg/m 3

1250

1100

1200

Holiday humidity, no more

Compressive strength, not less

MPa

Bending strength, not less

MPa

Coefficient of thermal conductivity:

l A

W/m × °C

0,29

l B

0,35

Water absorption of hydrophobized slabs, no more

Specific effective activity of radionuclides, no more

Bq/kg

Flammability group according to GOST 30244

ng

Table 4.2

Specifications

Slab dimensions, mm

Allowed maximum deviations, mm

Length L

Width IN

Thickness t

Length L

Width IN

Thickness t

TU 5742-007-16415648-98

80; 100

± 2

TU 5742-014-03984362-96

TU 5742-001-56798576-2004

80; 100

± 0,5

TU 5742-003-05287561-2003 (solid)

± 5

TU 5742-003-05287561-2003 (hollow)

Note - Plates according to TU 5742-007-16415648-98, TU 5742-014-03984362-96, TU 5742-001-56798576-2004 - solid. Plates according to TU 5742-003-05287561-2003 - hollow and solid.

In rooms with wet conditions, the use of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs is not allowed.

4.1.3 The nominal dimensions of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs and maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions are given in the table .

4.1.4 Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs are shaped like a groove and a tongue various types(drawing ).

TU 5742-007-16415648-98

TU 5742-003-05287561-2003

TU 5742-014-03984362-96

TU 5742-001-56798576-2004

TU 5742-007-16415648-98

TU 5742-007-16415648-98

TU 5742-001-56798576-2004

Picture 1 - Types of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs according to the shape of the groove and tongue (dimensions are given as a guide and are not a rejection criterion)

4.2 Accessories and products

4.2.1 For fastening partitions and cladding to enclosing structures with an elastic connection, as well as fastening door frames to partitions, it is recommended to use brackets, the nomenclature of which is given in the table .

4.2.2 To fasten brackets to tongue-and-groove plates, it is recommended to use self-tapping screws 35 mm long with a countersunk head and a sharp end, made from steel grades 10, 10KP, 15, 15KP, 20 and 20KP according to GOST 10702 , and for attaching them to enclosing structures - expandable anchor dowels, the nomenclature of which is given in the table .

Table 4.3

General appearance and dimensions

Product and material designation

Purpose

Bracket S-1

For fastening partitions with elastic connection

Bracket S-2

For attaching a door frame to a partition

Corner protection profile for finishing external corners of partitions

Table 4.4

General form

Name

Length, mm

Diameter, mm

Self-tapping screw with a countersunk head and a sharp end (screw)

Plastic anchor dowel

6 ,0

10,0

Metal anchor dowel

12,0

4.2.3 When elastically connecting partitions with other enclosing structures, it is recommended to use an elastic gasket made of cork with a density of at least 250 kg/m 3 or bituminized felt with a density of at least 300 kg/m 3 . The width of the spacers must be at least 75 mm for slabs 80 mm thick and at least 95 mm for slabs 100 mm thick.

4.2.4 When laying gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs, as well as for attaching elastic gaskets to enclosing structures, it is recommended to use glue from a dry putty mixture based on the gypsum binder “KNAUF-Fugen-Füller™” according to TU 5745-011-04001508-97 and TU 5745-021-03984362 -2001. When laying hydrophobized (moisture resistant) gypsum boards It is recommended to use the KNAUF-Fugenfüller hydro™ putty mixture according to TU 5745-021-03984362-2001.

4.2.5 For guard internal corners in partitions and cladding made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs, reinforcing tape (serpyanka) should be used, and to protect external corners - procorner protective filler PU 31/31 according to TU 1121-004-04001508-2003 (table ).

4.2.6 To install a heat and sound insulating layer in partitions, the materials specified in the project documentation for a specific building.

4.2.7 To prepare the surface of partitions and cladding made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs for finishing, it is recommended to use the KNAUF-Tiefengrund™ primer supplied by the KNAUF group enterprises.

4.2.8 To prepare the surface of partitions and cladding made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs for high-quality painting, it is recommended to use the KNAUF-Finishpaste™ putty composition supplied by KNAUF group enterprises.

4.2.9 In rooms where the surfaces of structures made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs are exposed to direct moisture, they should be protected with KNAUF-Flechendicht™ waterproofing mastic, and in places where gypsum slab structures interface with each other and withFor the floor, it is recommended to use self-adhesive sealing waterproofing tape “KNAUF-Flechendichtband®”, supplied by the KNAUF group of companies.

5 TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR STRUCTURES FROM GYPSUM TONGUE BOARD PLATES

5.1 General provisions

5.1.1 This section applies to the design of structures of partitions and internal cladding of external walls made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs.

5.1.2 The section contains instructions on the design and design solutions of the main components of the structures listed above, their scope of application and physical and technical characteristics.

5.1.3 General requirements are imposed on structures using gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs in terms of:

Surface quality;

Fire-technical and hygienic characteristics of the materials used;

Characteristics of resistance to environmental influences, including high humidity and chemical aggression.

5.1.4 Meeting the requirements for surface quality, hygienic and fire-technical characteristics of structures is ensured by the properties of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs, provided that they comply with the requirements of this Code of Rules.

5.1.5 Resistance of structures to influences environment provided under the following conditions:

For structures operating in humid temperature and humidity conditions, characterized by SNiP 23-02, hydrophobized gypsum boards are used;

For structures operating in aggressive environments, metal elements are protected from corrosion in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.03.11.

5.2 Partitions

Building codes and regulations impose requirements on partitions in terms of resistance to the effects of their own weight, the weight of attached equipment, other operational, wind and seismic loads, as well as to the effects of accidental impacts.

Partitions of multi-apartment residential buildings (except interior partitions with openings) and partitions between work areas of non-production buildings must also meet sound insulation requirements.

Partitions separating heated and unheated premises buildings for various purposes must also meet the requirements for resistance to heat transfer and vapor barrier.

Partitions in buildings with standardized fire-technical characteristics of building structures must meet the requirements for the fire hazard class and fire resistance limit.

General requirements

5.2.1 This section applies to partitions used in rooms with dry, normal and wet conditions according to SNiP 23-02.

Table 5.1

Scheme

Design

Weight 1 m 2, kg

Single

100

Double

200

Double with an additional layer of heat and sound insulating material

200*

250*

* Without taking into account the mass of the heat and sound insulating layer.

Note - The numerator indicates the mass for partitions made of slabs with a thickness of 80 mm, and the denominator - 100 mm.

5.2.3 When choosing partition schemes, force and other influences, the class of functional and structural hazard and the degree of fire resistance of the building, as well as space-planning parameters (including height) and operating conditions.

Design requirements

5.2.4 Partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs should be designed from slabs of the same type as self-supporting structures and should be designed to withstand the following loads:

Horizontal wind in accordance with SNiP 2.01.07;

Vertical from the own weight of the structures;

From the weight of household appliances and plumbing equipment hung on the structure;

Seismic (if the building is located in seismic areas).

5.2.5 The strength and stability of the adopted version of the structural scheme of the partitions should be checked by calculation for the action of wind load, taken equal to 0.2W 0 , where W 0 - calculated value of wind speed pressure, determined by SNiP 2.01.07.

5.2.6 The calculated seismic load taken into account in the calculations for seismic impacts is 6.5 for areas with seismicity 7, 8 and 9, respectively; 12.8 and 25.6 kg/m2.

5.2.7 To ensure the strength of the partitions when exposed to attachments, the provisions of the section should be taken into account of this Code of Rules.

5.2.8 The resistance of partitions to accidental impacts should be ensured by installing protective corner profiles at the outer corners.

5.2.9 The length of the partitions should not exceed 6 m, and the height - 3.6 m. Partitions large sizes It is recommended to make from separate fragments, the dimensions of which should not exceed those indicated above, with the installation of a frame attached to the load-bearing structures of the building.

5.2.10 Interior partitions are designed as single, and between apartments as double, with the formation of an air gap, as well as with an additional layer of soundproofing material.

5.2.11 It is recommended to design partitions with the installation of slabs with the groove up in order to ensure uniform distribution of the assembly adhesive in the tongue-and-groove joint.

If necessary, it is possible to install the slabs with the groove down.

The slabs must be placed staggered, with the end (vertical) joints offset by at least 100 mm.

Interfacing of partitions with other building structures

5.2.12 For partitions that are not presented regulatory requirements by soundco-insulation, it is recommended to use rigid coupling in places where they adjoin the enclosing structures directly through a solution of mounting adhesive (pictures - ).

5.2.13 For partitions that are subject to regulatory requirements for sound insulation, it is recommended to use an elastic connection between them and the building envelope (figures - ).

5.2.14 Elastic coupling should be performed by attaching the partition to walls, other partitions and ceilings with metal brackets and using an elastic gasket.

5.2.15 The horizontal installation spacing of metal brackets should not exceed 1335 mm for slabs of size 667´ 500 mm and 1800 mm with slabs size 900´ 300 mm; vertically - 1000 mm with slabs size 667´ 500 mm and 900 mm with slabs size 900´ 300 mm. In this case, at least three fastenings must be provided on each side of the partition.

Providing sound insulation

5.2.16 Required airborne noise insulation indexR w partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs should be installed in accordance with the instructions SNiP 23-03.

5.2.17 The airborne noise insulation index of some types of partitions can be taken from the table when designing .

Table 5.2

Partition type

Thickness of tongue-and-groove plate, mm

Airborne noise insulation indexR w, dB

Single layer

Double layer with 40 mm air gap

5.2.18 The airborne noise insulation index of two-layer partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs with an additional soundproofing layer in all cases must be determined by testing in accordance with GOST 27296.

Fire technical characteristics of partitions

5.2.19 The fire resistance limit of single-layer partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs according to the “Manual for determining the fire resistance limits of structures, the limits of fire propagation along structures and the flammability path” with slab thicknesses of 80 mm and 100 mm is respectively EI 130 and EI 160, and the structural fire hazard class is KO.


Figure 2 - Constructive solutions for rigid coupling of a single-layer partition with enclosing structures


Figure 3 - Constructive solutions for rigid coupling of a two-layer partition with enclosing structures


Figure 4 - Designs of single-layer nodes ( A) and two-layer ( B) partitions when rigidly adjacent to the wall and forming an angle


Figure 5 - Constructive solutions for elastic coupling of a single-layer partition with enclosing structures


Figure 6 - Constructive solutions for elastic coupling of a two-layer partition with enclosing structures


Figure 7 - Designs of partition assemblies with elastic coupling with enclosing structures


Figure 8 - Designs of pipeline passage units with a diameter of up to 60 mm ( A) and more ( B) through the partition and through the shaft (B)

Figure 9 - Constructive solutions for rigid ( A) and elastic ( B) junction of wall cladding with enclosing structures


Figure 10 - Designs of wall cladding units in areas of window openings ( A) And expansion joint (B)

5.2.20 According to SNiP 21-01 partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs can be used in residential, public and industrial buildings of all degrees of fire resistance.

5.2.21 In places where partitions interface with water supply, steam and water heating pipelines, it is necessary to install a sleeve made of fireproof materials, ensuring free movement of pipes when the temperature of the coolant changes (Figure ).

5.2.22 When crossing a fire barrier with pipelines with a diameter of more than 60 mm, the pipeline should be insulated with a casing with a fire resistance of at least 0.5 hours at a length of 6.5 m from the plane of the partition.

5.2.23 When air ducts cross fire partitions, the walls of the air ducts must have fire protection that provides a fire resistance limit of at least 0.5 hours for buildings I and II degrees of fire resistance in accordance with SNiP 41-01.

5.3 Internal cladding of external walls

5.3.1 It is recommended to use internal cladding of external walls with gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs for additional heat and sound insulation.

5.3.2 Between the cladding and the wall, a layer of heat and sound insulating material may be additionally provided, the characteristics of which must be accepted based on the results of thermal engineering calculations according to SNiP 23-02 from the condition of inadmissibility of moisture accumulation in the wall over an annual period and moisture limitation for a period with negative average monthly temperatures.

5.3.3 The calculated value of the airborne noise insulation index with gypsum tongue-and-groove cladding should be determined in accordance with the instructions SNiP 23-03.

5.3.4 By analogy with partitions, the interface of the cladding with adjacent enclosing structures can be rigid or elastic (Figure ).

5.3.5 It is recommended to cover the gaps between the cladding and the wall at the junctions with the windows with gypsum fiber sheets GOST R 51829 which are attached to the cladding using dowels through a galvanized channel 40´ 75 ´ 40 ´ 2.0 mm. The channel, placed on the end of the slab, is secured to it with self-tapping screws. The gap between the end of the gypsum fiber sheet and the window frame should be sealed with silicone or thiokol sealant (Figure ).

5.3.6 At locations expansion joints walls when facing them with gypsum boards with additional insulation thermal insulation material in the vapor barrier layer it is necessary to provide a compensator (Figure ).

5.3.7 It is recommended to attach the layer of additional thermal insulation to the wall using glue or expansion dowels.

5.3.8 When using cladding as a fire-retardant element, which increases the value of the fire-technical characteristics of the wall, the actual fire resistance limit of such walls should be established by tests according to GOST 30247.1 , and the fire hazard class is according to GOST 30403.

6 TECHNOLOGY OF INSTALLATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURES FROM GYPSUM TONGUE-TOB BOARDS

6.1 Installation of partitions and cladding

6.1.1 It is recommended to install partitions during the finishing work. Work on wall cladding is also carried out during the finishing work process, when the wiring of electrical and sanitary systems is completed.

6.1.2 Before installing partitions and cladding, all construction work associated with “wet” processes must be completed. Installation must be carried out under dry or normal humidity conditions at an air temperature in the room not lower than +5 ° C before installing a clean floor.

6.1.3 Before installation, gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs must be kept at a temperature not lower than +5 °C for 4 hours.

6.1.4 Before starting work on installing partitions and cladding, dust and dirt must be removed from the base floor, walls and ceiling.

6.1.5 In accordance with the project, it is necessary to mark the position of the partition or cladding on the floor and use a plumb line to transfer it to the walls and ceiling. The position of the openings should also be marked on the floor.

6.1.6 If the floor surface is uneven, they must be eliminated with a leveling layer of cement-sand mortar of a grade of at least 50.

6.1.7 When elastically connecting a partition or cladding with enclosing structures, an elastic gasket is glued to the latter at the junction points with assembly adhesive. In this case, it is necessary to ensure the horizontal position of the gasket on which the bottom row of slabs should be installed. You should begin installing the slabs after the glue has set.

6.1.8 If the slabs are laid with the groove up, the ridge must be removed from all slabs in the first row using a roughing plane.

6.1.9 When installing the slabs of the lower row, the compliance of their position with the design one should be controlled using a rule and a level.

6.1.10 When laying subsequent rows, a mounting compound is applied in the groove of the bottom row of slabs and in the vertical end groove of the installed slabs.glue and each slab are pressed down using a rubber hammer. Excess glue that comes out is immediately removed and used in the future.

6.1.11 During the process of laying slabs, it is necessary to control the thickness of vertical and horizontal joints, which should not exceed 2 mm, and use a rule and level to check the flatness of the wall.

6.1.12 When laying slabs staggered, additional elements obtained by cutting are used standard slabs to specified sizes using a hand saw with a wide blade and large teeth or a special power tool.

6.1.13 For the last row, slabs with beveled edges should be used, and if necessary, they should be cut to fit the ceiling surface configuration.

6.1.14 The slabs of the top row, as a rule, should be laid on the previous row with the long side, but to reduce waste, they can also be laid with the short side, subject to obligatory spacing of the end joints.

6.1.15 When elastically connecting a partition or cladding with adjacent structures mounting bracket is installed in the groove of the slab and secured to it with self-tapping screws, and to the enclosing structures - with anchor dowels.

6.1.16 Openings with a height of no more than 1/4 of the height of the partition and the area of ​​which does not exceed 1/10 of the area of ​​the partition may be made by cutting into the mounted partition. It is recommended to make large openings during the installation of the partition. For an opening up to 800 mm wide, if only one row of slabs is placed above it, a mounting structure is fixed above the opening to ensure the design position of the slabs before the adhesive sets in the joints (Figure ). If the opening is wider, a lintel with a support depth of at least 500 mm should be installed above it.

6.1.17 Door frames should be secured in the partition opening using self-tapping (drilling) screws according to the drawings And .

6.1.18 When forming a corner and where partitions or facings intersect with each other, the slabs should be laid with overlapping joints below the row located (Figure ).

6.1.19 To protect against mechanical damage, a PU 31/31 corner protection profile is fixed to the outer corners of the partitions, which, during installation, is pressed into the pre-applied layer of glue, after which it is used with a wide spatula or a spatula for external corners Apply a leveling layer.

6.1.20 Internal corners should be reinforced using reinforcing tape, which is embedded in a layer of adhesive, and then a leveling layer is applied on top using an internal corner spatula.

Figure 11 - Installation diagram of the mounting structure when constructing a doorway

6.1.21 To prepare for finishing, the joints of the slabs are puttied using a wide spatula, and after drying, they are treated with a manual grinding device.

6.2 Installation of electrical and low-current wiring and piping

6.2.1 For electrical and low-current wiring in a partition or cladding made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs, grooves are made using a groove maker, in which the wiring is sealed with gypsum mounting adhesive. In this case, the groove spacing must be no less than the thickness of the slab, the depth must not be less than 1 cm, and the thickness of the slab behind the groove must not be less than 40 mm or 50 mm for slabs with a thickness of 80 and 100 mm, respectively (Figure ).

6.2.2 For sockets, distribution boxes and switches in the partition or cladding, holes are drilled with an electric drill with a special attachment.

6.2.3 Not for pipelines large diameter The grooves are also cut out and then sealed with gypsum mounting adhesive. The amount of embedding and the distance between the grooves should not be less than those shown in the diagram (Figure ).

6.2.4 Large diameter pipes, as well as groups of pipelines and air ducts should be placed between the layers of a two-layer partition. In this case, after installing one layer of the gypsum partition, all engineering communications are fixed to it, and then the second layer of the partition is erected. The pipelines must not come into contact with the partition slabs.

7 FINISHING SURFACES OF STRUCTURES MADE FROM GYPSUM TONGUE-GRAVE PLATES

7.1 The surface of partitions and cladding made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs can be preparedsuitable for painting, wallpapering, ceramic tiles or decorative plaster.


Drawing 12 - Design of door frame fastening units in a single-layer partition with an opening width of up to 900 mm ( A), up to 1600 mm ( B) and up to 2000 mm ( IN)

Figure 13 - Design of door frame fastening units in two-layer partitions with opening widths up to 900 mm ( A), up to 1600 mm ( B) and up to 2000 mm ( IN)



Figure 14 - Layout diagram of slabs at the intersection of partitions

Figure 15 - Schematic diagrams placement of pipelines, electrical and low-current wiring in partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs

7.2 To improve the adhesion of the paint layer, the entire surface should be treated with KNAUF-Tiefengrund™ primer, which is applied using a roller or brush. Complete drying of the primer coating occurs after 3 hours.

The final finishing preparation of the surface should be carried out using the KNAUF-Finishpaste™ putty composition, which is applied to the surface with a wide spatula in a thin layer. After drying, the surface is sanded.

7.3 Water-based, oil-based, resin, polyurethane or epoxy paints can be used to paint the surface. The use of lime paints and paints based on liquid glass is not allowed.

7.5 When finishing wallpaper, before pasting, it is recommended to treat the entire surface with KNAUF-Tiefengrund™ primer.

7.6 The surfaces of partitions and cladding made of moisture-resistant gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs in rooms with wet conditions should be finished with ceramic tiles on a pre-applied layer of KNAUF-Tiefengrund™ primer.

7.7 It is recommended to pre-coat the surface of structures exposed to direct moisture (in showers, near sinks) with KNAUF-Flechendicht™ waterproofing mastic, which is applied with a brush or roller, and glue the corners with KNAUF-Flechendicht™ sealing waterproofing tape.

7.8 After the waterproofing mastic or primer coating has dried, KNAUF-Fliesenkleber® tile adhesive, TU 5745-012-04001508-97, is applied with a notched trowel, onto which the ceramic tiles are laid.

7.9 The seams between the slabs are filled with grouting compounds, for which it is recommended to use the KNAUF-Fugenbunt™ compound.

8 BASIC SAFETY RULES DURING WORK

8.1 Construction of structures made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs should be carried out in compliance with the requirements SNiP 12-04.

8.2 Persons who have been instructed in safety precautions, industrial sanitation, trained in installation techniques and have a certificate for the right to carry out work should be allowed to install structures using gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs.

8.3 Workers must be provided with special clothing and personal protective equipment.

8.4 Work on the installation of structures using gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs is recommended to be carried out by specialized teams with experience in installing such structures and equipped with special tools.

8.5 The tools, equipment, fixtures and fittings used for the installation of structures used during the work must meet the safety conditions for performing construction and installation work. The recommended list of special tools is given in the appendix .

9 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

9.1 Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the rules for the transportation of goods in force for this type of transport.

9.2 The slabs are transported in packaged form. Transport packages are formed from slabs of the same type and size. Packaging schemes are established in the technological documentation.

By agreement with the consumer, transportation of slabs in unpackaged form is allowed.

9.3 When stored at the consumer's place, transport packages of slabs can be stacked on top of each other in accordance with safety regulations. In this case, the height of the stack should not exceed 2 m.

When loading, unloading, transporting and storing slabs, measures must be taken to prevent the possibility of damage and moisture. It is not allowed to load slabs in bulk or unload them by dropping them.

9.4 During the period of steady negative temperatures To avoid freezing of the boards between each other, packaging is done using cushioning material between the boards.

9.5 The slabs should be stored in rooms with dry and normal humidity conditions, separately by type and size.

9.6 The manufacturer must guarantee that gypsum tongue-and-groove boards comply with all the requirements of the manufacturer for at least a year, subject to the conditions of transportation and storage.

9.7 Heat and sound insulating materials can be transported by any means of transport, provided they are protected from moisture.

9.8 Thermal and sound insulating materials should be stored in closed warehouses or under a canopy, provided they are protected from moisture.

9.9 Screws, dowels, metal plates for fastening can be transported by any type of transport, packed in boxes or boxes equipped with labels, and stored under a canopy.

10 ACCEPTANCE OF ASSEMBLED STRUCTURES FROM GYPSUM TONGUE-TOGGED PLATES

10.1 It is recommended that the designs of partitions and cladding made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs be adopted in stages with the execution of appropriate acts for hidden work (laying electrical and low-current wiring, laying heat and sound insulating materials and etc.).

10.2 The assembled structures of partitions and claddings must have flat and smooth surfaces free of dirt, glue and putty compounds, unfilled seams and cavities. You should check for cracks and broken corners. Outgoing to front side The heads of screws, bolts and anchors must be recessed into the body of the slab.

10.3 Defects in the surfaces of partitions and claddings should not exceed the values ​​​​given in the table .

10.4 In places where partitions and claddings interface with other enclosing structures and where they intersect with each other, putty must be laid without breaks along the entire interface contour to the full depth of the joint.

11 BASIC RULES FOR TECHNICAL OPERATION OF STRUCTURES MADE FROM GYPSUM TONGUE-TOGGED PLATES

11.1 The type of fastening element used should be selected depending on the weight of the objects hung on the partition or cladding.

11.2 Lung attachments and interior items are attached to partitions and cladding made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs using plastic anchor dowels. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the maximum permissible load per dowel indicated in the table .

11.3 For determining maximum load for dowel (elastic tension) it is recommended to use the formula

WhereF - maximum load (elastic tension) on the dowel, kN;

B - maximum weight of the suspended object, kN;

Table10.1

Structural defects

Permissible deviations during finishing

simple

improved

high quality

Surface irregularities (detected when applying rules or a 2 m long template)

No more than three deep or convex up to 5 mm

No more than two deep or convex up to 3 mm

No more than two deep or convex up to 2 mm

Vertical deviation of the structure plane

15 mm for the entire height of the room

1 mm per 1 m, but not more than 10 mm over the entire height of the room

1 mm per 1 m, but not more than 6 mm over the entire height of the room

Table 11.1

Company manufacturer

Brand

Diameter, mm

Depth, mm

Fischer-Duebel S

S8

8

55

0,12

S10

10

70

0,24

TOXCombi-Duebel

Combi 10/50

10

60

0,30

Combi 12/60

12

70

0,46

Upat U Ultra-Duebel

U8

8

55

0,20

U10

10

65

0,35

U12

12

75

0,50

HILTI Universalduebel HUD

HUD8

8

55

0,15

HUD10

10

65

0,30


Figure 16 - Mounting points for communication equipment to a single-layer partition ( A) and two-layer ( B)


e - distance of the center of gravity of the hung object from the wall, cm;

P - number of fastenings;

A - support arm, see

11.4 Heavy attachments and objects must be secured using special fasteners such asIt is often recommended to use through anchors and bolts with steel washers (Figure ).

11.5 If partitions or cladding are damaged during operation from mechanical influences, leaks, etc. The cause of the damage must first be identified and eliminated.

11.6 If water gets into the cavities of two-layer partitions or into the gap between the cladding and the wall, it is necessary to drain the standing water, for which purpose, first drill control holes at the bottom of the partition or cladding, and then, if necessary, cut out the opening necessary to repair the damaged pipeline.

11.7 After repair work in the pipeline, the hole is sealed with standard gypsum boards or inserts cut from them.

APPENDIX A

LIST OF REGULATIVE DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN THIS CODE OF RULES

SNiP 12-04-2002 Occupational safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production.

SNiP 21-01-97* Fire safety buildings and structures.

SNiP 02/23/2003 Thermal protection of buildings.

SNiP 2.03.11-85 Protection building structures from corrosion.

SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and impacts.

SNiP 41-01-2003 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning.

SNiP 03/23/2003 Noise protection.

GOST 10702-78* Rolled products from high-quality structural carbon and alloy steel for cold extrusion and upsetting. Specifications.

Manufacturers of building materials are constantly using innovative technologies to improve quality and speed up repairs. In addition, it is important to minimize costs and simplify the construction process. To zone the space with the least difficulty, you can use partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. They are a good alternative plasterboard walls and allow you to get a smooth and stable structure.

Types of tongue-and-groove slabs and their advantages

The tongue-and-groove slab differs from other similar materials in the presence of tongue-and-groove joints at the ends. This feature makes it possible to connect adjacent elements, ensuring a smooth surface and strength of the partition.

There are two types of tongue-and-groove slabs: gypsum and silicate. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, which should be taken into account when constructing walls.

For the production of gypsum blocks they use building gypsum and special plasticizers. This material compares favorably with others and allows the production of high-quality partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs. They can be either standard or moisture resistant (green) and suitable for use in rooms with any level of humidity.

The main advantages of gypsum boards are: environmental friendliness, high fire resistance, good sound insulation. In addition, hollow blocks can be used, which will reduce the weight of the structure. Their only drawback is the difficulty in hanging shelves and other additional elements. But solid blocks can withstand almost any load, which distinguishes them even from plasterboard partitions.

The main advantage of any partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs is simplicity finishing. It is not necessary to plaster such a surface; simply prime it. After this, it can be painted or wallpapered.

To make silicate slabs, water, quicklime and quartz sand are used. The resulting material has high strength (compared to gypsum) and moisture resistance. At the same time, they are “not afraid” of fire and absorb sound well.

Partition installation instructions

The process of installing walls can be considered using the example of gypsum blocks. This material is one of the most popular in any renovation and is perfect for the construction of interior partitions. Installation should be carried out after finishing work on leveling the floor surface. It is best to use materials from well-known manufacturers. For example, Knauf. This will avoid unpleasant surprises and problems.

To install partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs, you need to purchase a number of components and the necessary tools:

  • gypsum boards;
  • assembly adhesive;
  • putty for gaskets;
  • gaskets (suitable from treated felt or cork);
  • drill;
  • mixer;
  • hacksaw;
  • level;
  • rule;
  • rubber hammer;
  • roulette;
  • marker or pencil;
  • ribbon or twine;
  • putty knife;
  • wedges

Once the issues of purchasing materials have been resolved, you can begin to carry out the main installation points. The installation diagram will look like this:

  • marking;
  • cleaning all surfaces adjacent to the future partition from dirt;
  • gluing the gasket to the installation sites of the slabs (Fügenfüller putty is used);
  • installation of the first row of tongue-and-groove slabs;
  • laying the second row;
  • installation of the last row (the edge of the slabs must be beveled);
  • sealing seams;
  • finishing.

At first glance, everything is simple: a partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs is assembled like a construction set, and there are no problems. But there are some nuances that need to be taken into account.

Firstly, at least a day before installation, you need to bring the blocks into the room. This is necessary for the material to “get used to”, that is, to accept the required humidity and temperature. Secondly, laying is done with the groove facing up. The grooves are subsequently filled with putty. Before laying the second row, you need to cut the first slab into two parts. This is necessary to arrange the vertical joints in a checkerboard pattern and give mechanical strength designs. Important: the width of the seams horizontally and vertically must be equal!

After the installation of the partition is completed, the surface of the tongue-and-groove slabs must be primed. This will ensure adhesion of the decorative layer and avoid the occurrence of surface defects. Any type of wallpaper and painting are suitable for decoration. The main thing is to choose the pattern or shade you like and carefully apply it to the partition.

Here are some tips to help you install walls to the highest quality:

  1. “Many sources contain information that a slab partition can be installed in one day. It is not right. It’s best to let the first layer “settle” for a day, and then continue working.” Zoya makes repairs with her own hands.
  2. “Although they say that work with tongue-and-groove blocks is carried out practically without dirt and dust, this is not entirely true. The process of sawing slabs is quite dusty, so you should be prepared for constant cleaning.” Oleg, a novice repairman.
  3. “The material is quite new for our market, but already popular. I liked it not only for the smoothness of the surface, but also for the ease of installation. On finished wall I only hung shelves and a TV, but I didn’t dare to put up cabinets,” Dmitry, renovating his dacha.

At first glance, partitions made from tongue-and-groove blocks are perfect option erection of walls and zoning of space. However, such material must also have its drawbacks. Information on ways to solve problems that arise during installation and operation would be helpful. Share your experience with us!

Read also