In the conditions of periodically arising home renovation there is a need for a tool such as a jigsaw. They can cut any material quickly and, with a little skill, evenly. It will help you cut round or square holes and cut a straight strip. With it, you can even create any piece of furniture yourself.

Such manipulations are done using special files that differ in their characteristics.

Marking

To choose the right file, you need to know the distinctive features of the product types. Labeling can help with this. These are certain alphanumeric abbreviations that indicate the properties of the nozzle and its quality characteristics.

Such designations are necessary primarily for people who are not professionally engaged in repairs and cannot determine the purpose of a particular nozzle due to external characteristics.

The main part of the information that is needed for the correct choice is located on the tail of the file. It includes letter designations and numbers. Each of the symbols carries specific information.

The initial letter characterizes the type of tail, which can be:

• T - figurative form;
• U- figurative;
• M- the mount is only suitable for the Makita brand;
• Fein standard.

The second sign indicates the length of the canvas, which is produced:

• 1 - up to 7.5 cm long;
• 2 - sizes from 7.5 cm to 9 cm;
• 3 - from 9 cm to 15 cm long;
• 7 - with a maximum length over 15 cm.

To find out the material for which the file is intended for cutting, you need to pay attention to the shank color.

So, a gray tip indicates the possibility of cutting wood, a blue one - any metal structures, and a blade with a red tip can be used to cut a plastic surface.

In addition, the abbreviation on the neck indicates the type of blade steel.

Distinguish:

• HM- hard metal alloys;
• HCS (CV)- steel products with a high carbon content;
• HSS- steel that cuts quickly;
• CV- chrome and vanadium steel;
• BM (BiM)- combination hard alloys and high-speed steel.

The last combination is the strongest and most durable.

There are also versatile blades that can be used when cutting any material. However, it will be difficult to cut out various shapes with such a blade, therefore, a set of a large number of files is required for professional activities.

Materials (edit)

Generally speaking, all canvases are made from metal alloys. To cut softer materials, they simply release metal blades. If it is necessary to cut the metal, then the technology of fusion of several components is used to increase the strength of the product.

There are materials that are super strong. These include ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware and granite, decorative rock... For their accurate and high-quality cutting, non-standard solutions as they are very durable and prickly. That's why jigsaw blades are produced with special spraying or soldering from hard alloys.

So, the coating of the cutting edge is often diamond. Its main indicator is graininess, which can be high or low. The absence of chips and cracks along the cut, as well as the speed of the process itself, directly depends on the level of graininess. The higher it is, the easier it is to make a high-quality and accurate cut.

For all types of materials, there are several general rules... A straight cut can be made with a wide blade. If it is supposed to perform curly cutting, then it is better to choose the canvas a little narrower.

However, cutting with an electric jigsaw of hard materials (porcelain stoneware), in any case, the process is long. That's why this device justifies its use only for curly cutting of parts.

Appointment

These products are also distinguished by the material that they can cut.

Canvases are produced by:

• for plastic;
• wood;
• metal;
• ceramics;
• concrete;
• stone;
• cardboard (chipboard);
• universal.

Modern jigsaw files have a large number of parameters by which they can be distinguished. However, these markings mean practically nothing to ordinary users. The simplest and most understandable is the difference in purpose. That is, the difference between canvases in materials that can be cut with them.

When working with wood, they use blades made of steel grades: BM, CV and HCS... As for chipboard, to get a neat cut without chips, the dimension of the saw teeth should be A or B. Big sizes type D help you make straight rough cuts in wood large thickness and chipboard or fiberboard. An example is the T344C blade.

There is also a file modification for cutting cardboard. It has a rather unusual wavy blade without teeth. When working, the blade smoothly divides the material into parts.

This option works for others as well. soft materials:

• rubber;
• foam;
• carpet.

The most suitable for them is the blade marked T101BR. The middle teeth of this blade help prevent material damage in areas along the cut.

For shape cutting of the above materials, it is best to choose a small, narrow blade with medium teeth (T101BO). The small size makes it easy to maneuver the tool.

Sawing metal constructions, you need to know that steel files BM and HSS with wave-like teeth give a clearer and more even cut. Metal sheets that are up to 0.3 cm thick can be cut with T118A, up to 0.6 cm with T118B. When the metal is very thin (up to 0.15 cm), then the blade is taken with microscopic teeth, with the designation T118G.

If we are talking about a metal profile or pipes up to 3 mm, which is important when repairing water supply and hanging towels in the bathroom, then use the T318A canvas. Its length can be up to 15 cm.

When it comes to PVC, it is used as special files for processing plastic materials and ordinary products for wood or metal. A smooth cut will be obtained when using a blade with large teeth, since the crumb from the plastic heated by friction can fill the working part of the file. The speed of the jigsaw itself is best kept to a minimum. The steel grade of the blade can be either CV or HCS or HSS.

Thicker surfaces are easier to cut with a medium-toothed, short-cut blade - T101BF.

Plexiglass is cut well with a fine-toothed T101A metal file.

An important element repairs are and ceramic products... They have a very fragile structure, so the use of a toothed file is not possible. In such cases, a special blade is needed, which, instead of teeth, has an abrasive spraying of diamond chips.

It is possible to use tungsten carbide-coated devices, but they are only suitable for thin wall tiles. Cutting them into tiles will be ineffective. In the marking of such a file, the letters HM must be present.

If necessary (in the absence of a grinder) concrete pavements, blocks or stone can be cut with a jigsaw. The blade for such cutting has a double marking: Gasbeton / Kunststoffe and Fiber / plastic HM / CT-31137. Some experts say that a metal file is also suitable for such work, however, the blade does not last long.

And finally, a universal blade, which is convenient for making not only rough cuts of wooden surfaces up to 5 cm in thickness, but also for sawing steel, plastic and soft metals.

Dimensions (edit)

The marking of the dimensions of the jigsaw blades, given above, allows us to draw conclusions about the types of blades in size. Files can be small, medium and large. In this case, the dimension describes the length. In this case, the C marking simply means a long blade, and D - indicates maximum length files.

It is believed that what longer canvas, the better it cuts in a straight line. Medium and short options are suitable for curly cutting.

But there are also features of the canvases. different widths... This parameter determines the amount by which the blade deviates from the perpendicular during cutting. The wider the file, the more deviation it gives.... Therefore, wide versions of the jigsaw tip are used for straight cutting, and thin ones for curly cutting. In addition, the peculiarities of the tip of the blade often do not allow it to be fixed in the self-clamping mechanism of the tool.

Ponytail shape

By this indicator, you can determine to which brand of equipment and type clamping mechanism electric jigsaw the file is suitable.

The T-tail was invented by Bosch engineers, so this canvas suitable for equipment of this brand. Later, other companies also began to use this form.

The U-shaped shank is the know-how of American craftsmen. In the equipment that is sold on our market, such a shank is suitable for old models of jigsaws, as well as for units with clamping shoe and screw types.

The ends of the saw blade like Makita and Bosch fit the equipment of the same manufacturers, respectively.

Geometric parameters of teeth

The width of the cut, its accuracy, and also the speed of work directly depend on the shape and location of the teeth.

The geometry of the teeth is:

• diluted milled;
• wave-like milled;
• conical grinding;
• diluted polished.

The milled teeth in both directions, in turn, help the blade to avoid overheating. It is convenient to cut non-ferrous metals with such files.

With wave-like milling, the teeth in groups are bred smoothly, with a slightly greater inclination of each subsequent tooth, also alternately to the right and left. They are used for clean cuts (cuts with clean-cut, beveled edges).

Tapered blades also provide clean cuts on plastic, wood, laminate.

Saws with diluted grinding of teeth are used when it is necessary to carry out a rough cut of materials such as fiberboard, chipboard and soft wood.

How to choose?

In the modern market there is big choice files for jigsaws. The canvases vary dramatically in both price and quality. Given the unsafe use of low quality files, it is advisable to purchase proven products. This can be selected according to the popularity of the brand. The policy of such companies is to maintain a positive reputation for products, so they only release reliable products on the market.

The best manufacturers of accessories for jigsaws are Makita, Bosch, and Matabo.. The best option the combination of price policy and quality is distinguished by the sets of Bosch brand blades. Their canvases are very easy to use and have a high level of performance. Sadly, but the products of this manufacturer are also the most often counterfeited, so it is best to buy files in specialized building stores who can provide quality certificates for their goods.

However, counterfeit components can also be distinguished visually. For example, when corrosion or other damage is present on a product, there is no doubt that the web is counterfeit. Also, counterfeit can be identified along the edges of the product. The saws released "in the basements" have a rounded end on one side... Such a defect is obtained due to the process of stamping cloths from sheet metal... Real products will have the same rectangular ends on both sides.

And, of course, you should pay attention to the quality of the labeled labels. If they are unclear or blurry due to use cheap paint, then the fake is obvious.

Subtleties of operation

In order for the canvas to serve as long as possible, it must be used and stored correctly. First of all, if the work is performed by a non-specialist, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the instructions for clamping the blade in a jigsaw, since a wide variety of manufacturers has led to the presence of non-standard designs of locking mechanisms.

Sharpening is also important to maintain working condition. It is possible to determine the need for such manipulation by the deviation of the cutting angle from the guide (from 90 degrees to 45).

If the saw teeth are dull, they must be sharpened with a diamond file if the teeth are small, and with a medium or diamond file if they are large or medium in size.

How to choose files for a jigsaw, you will learn from the video below.

Today we will analyze the types of files for an electric jigsaw, because when choosing, the buyer has many questions. There are a lot of types of files, because you can cut not only wood with a jigsaw, the list is much longer. Therefore, in this article we will figure out which saws it is better to cut a simple tree, and which chipboard or fiberboard, which saws they cut different kinds metal.

And of course, we will pay attention to marking, therefore, after reading this article, you will begin to figure out which file is suitable for which work. It's not for nothing that there are different letters and numbers on the files. What do they mean? We will analyze all this using the example of popular models from Bosch, since they are of good quality, and the price for them is quite low.

Marking

If you have ever been to a tool store, you have seen that there are letters and numbers on the shank of any file. Let's figure out what they mean.

The letter T means the type of attachment, that is, T-shaped (Figure 1). There is also U, it is much less common (Fig. 2).

The numbers on the shank mean:

The first digit is the length:

• 1 - standard short, length up to 75 mm.
• 2 - medium length, up to 90 mm
• 3 - extended, up to 150 mm
• 7 - the longest (over 150 mm)

The following letters indicate the size of the teeth:
A, B, C, D

Tooth A is the smallest, so all metal files have an A, for example T118A means a T-shank file, short, very fine tooth. Further, respectively - B - a slightly larger tooth (most often these are files with a fine tooth on plywood, chipboard, fiberboard and wood for a clean cut). Files with the letters C and D - with the largest teeth, in wood for rough sawing.

There are also files with two letters at the end, for example, model T119BO, so let's analyze what the last letter means:

• F - bimetal (the coolest, highest quality)
• R - with reverse tooth
• X - universal for wood, metal and plastic.
• O - for a curved cut (cut a circle, for example, as a rule, thin, so that the file can be turned right during sawing).
• P - thick options for cutting strictly at the exact selected angle (thick, do not bend, so they cut perfectly). A striking representative is the T144DP, which costs much more than the standard ones.

By wood

The main purpose of an electric jigsaw is to cut wood. For this purpose, there are a huge number of files and they are all different. Let's go in order.

If you need to cut ordinary boards and you do not care about the quality of the cut, its cleanliness, you work at speed (for example, sawing ordinary boards for firewood or for a fence), then buy jigsaw files with a large tooth. Thanks to this, the cutting speed will be high, and if you work with a jigsaw in pendulum mode, then everything will be just fine.

In addition, also pay attention to the length of the file, since it will not work to cut a board or a block with a thickness of 70 mm (for example), you will need an elongated one.

Well, the third nuance when choosing is thickness, standard files are not thick, but there are thickened ones (they saw much better, since they do not bend). Since most jigsaws use a standard mount (T-shaped), the name of the files for such a mount begins with the letter T.

A standard set of files, see the photo:

Well, now we will analyze each file separately, what can be sawed for it, for what work it is more suitable.

For metal.

T118A is a standard metal file with a very fine tooth (like metal blades). You can cut metal up to 3 mm, but it costs a terrible grinding, so use ear muffs. Highly recommend. Also, due to the fact that the tooth is very small, it is also recommended to cut plastic with it, many finishers do this.

These are 5 files that we constantly sell together with jigsaws. By by and large they are enough for all household chores.

In addition to the standard metal file, there are special options for any other metal. For example, an aluminum file has a larger tooth, which prevents the teeth from clogging. After all, aluminum is a soft metal, so the standard metal is very quickly clogged with shavings.
Т224D - for aluminum, special. It says Alu on it.

File for tiles, stone and porcelain stoneware.

Not everyone has tile cutters and grinders, so they came up with special jigsaw files for tiles. The blade has tungsten carbide spraying instead of teeth, which actually cuts any stone surface.

T150Riff - special for tiles, the cost is about 250 rubles. Perfectly cuts tiles.

Manual and jigsaw have long been "stuck" with home craftsmen. It is very useful appliances that will allow you to accurately and accurately cut almost any material of various thicknesses and configurations. But before proceeding with the work, it is necessary that the correct jigsaw file is chosen. However, immediately accept correct solution pretty hard. This is due not only to a large selection, but also to a huge number of types of canvas.

Some general information

If you have a jigsaw and no files, then this is a useless tool. If you have a whole set of files, you can cut almost any material. Do not think that the jigsaw is designed to work only with metal or plastic products... Although we can say that it is quite advisable to have both manual and automatic tool, a little later you will understand why. With proper skill, you can make straight and curved cuts on chipboard, ceramics, metal, and so on. But it should be understood that for each type of material there is its own jigsaw file. For example, the assortment of the BOSCH company provides a variety of blades that can work with plywood, plastic, etc. Of course, each material has a different thickness, density, hardness and other parameters, this imposes certain requirements on the quality of the blade steel.

Jigsaw blades

It is quite logical that without a file you will not be able to complete the work you need. Today, all blades for hand tools are divided into two large groups:

• for woodwork;
• for metal works.

Each of these groups is divided into subgroups. For example, a blade for wood can be for quick sawing. This is one of the most common and popular nail files. Its peculiarity is that such a blade can handle a large amount of material at high speed. For example, with such a file it is not a problem to cut a workpiece 20 cm in diameter. However, this tool leaves behind a significant number of defects, so it is advisable to use it only for auxiliary work or the construction of buildings.

And here are the files for hand jigsaw clean cut allows you to get a high-quality surface. This is achieved due to the large number of small teeth, as a result of which the cut is smooth and practically without defects. However, in this case, the maximum diameter of the workpiece should not exceed 7.5 cm. There are also files for the laminate. They have a unique arrangement of teeth that do not leave any marks behind.

Metal blade

It is one thing to process a material such as wood, quite another to process metal. Please note that the wood blade is not suitable for cutting metal sheets. But learning to distinguish between files is extremely simple. A jigsaw blade for metal has a blue shank, which is the main distinguishing feature. The teeth are very small, allowing you to work with sheets of 6 mm thick.

Combined canvases are increasingly being sold today. According to the manufacturers, they are well suited for working with wood and metal. But we can say with confidence that this is not the best solution, since the work performed is somewhat complicated and stretched in time. In any case, a jigsaw file for metal must be made of quality material.

Electric, table and hand jigsaws

It should be understood that, despite the same purpose, files for this instrument have fundamental differences. For example, the blade for a hand jigsaw is quite thin and long, and also fastened on both sides. In a jigsaw, it is shorter and thicker, and also has a completely different installation method. If the tool is hand-held, then you should always have several spare files. This is due to their fragility. They really break down often and at the most inopportune moment.

There are also saws for The tool itself is stationary and is great for cutting wood. The canvas in this case is more similar to that used in hand tool... However, it is less brittle, so it breaks less often. These saws are designed for workpieces with a maximum diameter of 4 cm for wood and 0.2 cm for metal products.

Jigsaw blades marking

Special designations on the canvas can say a lot. Firstly, this way you can find out what material the product is made of. By the way, this is very important, especially when performing important work. For example, if HCS is written on the body, it means that the blade is made of and is intended for cutting soft materials, in particular wood, chipboard, plastic, etc. But, for example, the inscription HSS indicates that the file made of high speed hardened steel. It is a hard, but at the same time quite brittle material that can be used to work with both aluminum and steel of small thickness.

But the marking of BIM jigsaw files means that the blade is bimetallic. Basically, it is a combination of HCS and HSS. Such a file has improved properties, but also a high cost. The HM mark means that such a blade can be used for particularly hard materials, for example, cutting ceramic tiles, etc. In principle, it is not so difficult to understand the marking, if you remember this, then choosing the appropriate blade will be extremely simple.

Learn more about the right choice

When buying, you should always pay attention to the blade shank. Naturally, it has only one mount, unlike a hand saw. Although today the world famous company "Bosch" produces with two stops. In any case, it is advisable to first read the instructions, where it will be written what is suitable for your instrument. For example, the Makita company produces jigsaws with a mount that is fundamentally different from other models. At both ends there are specially cut circles of different diameters. Naturally, you can't put a file with a different type of attachment on a jigsaw.

You need to understand that the canvas can have different lengths. For wood cutting, this is usually 51-126 mm, for metal - up to 106 mm. The selection should be based on the thickness of the workpiece to be machined. The thicker it is, the longer the canvas should be. For example, to do curly cut for wood, thin jigsaw files are used. They are fragile enough, but they give more possibilities operator.

Blade for working with laminate

Today, many people say that an exceptionally clean cut is required for processing parquet boards or laminates. Someone may advise using almost a diamond-coated canvas. However, the price of such a tool is very high, for a set of 5 files you will have to pay several thousand rubles. In principle, sometimes the jigsaw itself can cost so much.

So, it is not at all necessary to purchase an instrument that is too expensive. A blade is usually sufficient for a clean cut. Of course, there will be a chip of about 1-2 mm. However, in most cases, the laminate is covered with skirting boards, which are much larger than the chip. For this simple reason, don't overpay. When buying jigsaw files for laminate, pay attention to the quality of the product. Many modern canvases burn very strongly when working with wood, chipboard and laminate. Therefore, make a purchase with a small margin.

Something about the shape of the teeth

The tooth configuration of the blade determines the capabilities of the tool. A large number of small teeth improve the quality of the cut, but significantly reduces the speed. If there are few teeth and they are large, then such a cut will be extremely sloppy, but very fast. Conventionally, according to the shape of the teeth, the saws can be divided into the following groups:

• Divorced (milled) - used for cutting soft materials such as wood and plastic, as well as non-ferrous metals. The layout contributes to the fact that unnecessary heat does not accumulate, and the sawdust is removed from the cut and the blade.
• Wavy (milled) - used for clean cutting of aluminum, soft materials (wood, plastic) and non-ferrous metals. In this case, the setting is performed in groups, that is, several teeth in a row in one direction.
• Conical ground (ground) - good decision for a clean cut in wood and plastic. The non-working edge is sanded. These are typical jigsaw blades for laminate flooring.
• Ground, set teeth - one of the better solutions for rough cuts in wood, chipboard, blockboard, etc.

Width and thickness of the blade

When choosing, it is extremely important to pay attention to the width of the file. Not only the quality, but also the speed of the work performed depends on this parameter. If the canvas is wide, then it will not only be stable, but also more durable, and also practically will not deviate from the intended plane. Of course, this is also high speed cutting, don't forget about that. At the same time, narrow saw blades provide good maneuverability compared to wide ones. The location of the teeth on the axis of the jigsaw drive allows you to better follow the intended plane with minimal deviations.

Thickness is also not the last parameter that makes sense to pay attention to. Blades that are too thin cannot provide the proper perpendicularity of the cut. In addition, the thicker the file, the higher its stability.

Something else

You probably know that the blade teeth must be harder than the material being cut. So, to perform work on cutting glass, ceramics, metal and stone, you will need special files. The main requirement is increased strength. It is best to use bimetallic blades for such purposes, which are 1/3 hardened steel and 2/3 high-carbon steel. The service life of such files is long enough, so they will pay off with interest. In addition, the risk of sudden breakdown is much lower here than in classic versions... But since it is not difficult to choose a file for a jigsaw, and you already know how to do it, you will not have any problems when choosing the appropriate bimetallic blade.

Conclusion

If we talk about manufacturers that have proven themselves well, then these are the companies "Bosch", "Makita" and "Praktika". Saws of these companies are famous all over the world for their high quality and excellent performance properties. If you are not afraid to spend an extra 200 rubles, then buy paintings from these particular brands, and you will not regret anything. Do not forget that all files have their own purpose; use for other purposes is unlikely to lead to the expected results. The jigsaw is a high-speed tool, so secure the blade securely and try to work with protective goggles and gloves. Basically, we have covered the main types of jigsaw files. Now you know that there are canvases for wood, metal, as well as combined for other materials. Paying attention to the marking of the product and the method of its fastening, you will definitely do right choice.

Bosch jigsaw

Almost every master has an electric jigsaw (jigsaw). After all, the tree is the most comfortable material for home crafts. However, today the jigsaw is not the only one in the teeth, and the secret of new opportunities lies in saw blades - jigsaw files... In this article, we will introduce you to the saw blade standards and their areas of application.

The modern craftsman makes high demands on the tool with which he works. He is interested in productivity, geometric accuracy of the cut, as well as the end result - the quality of the cutting line. To choose the right file for your jigsaw, you must take into account a number of criteria: the material to be processed; the pitch of the saw teeth and their shape; shank type; the width and thickness of the saw blade, as well as the material from which it is made.

Processed material

Different materials create different cutting resistance forces. Therefore, for each of them, the optimal strength and geometric characteristics of the saw blade have been developed. So the first search criterion is by destination. There are files for wood and for metal, for wood with the inclusion of metal, as well as many types of files special purpose- for of stainless steel, abrasive materials, laminates, ceramics, cement, for various types of plastics and fibrous materials.

Tooth shape

By the shape of the teeth saw blades can be conditionally divided into four types, which are shown schematically in the figure. The capabilities of the file depend on the size and shape of the blade and the size of the teeth. The large number of fine teeth ensures accurate sawing, but the work progresses slowly. The small number of coarse teeth results in a fast but coarse cut. The geometry of the tooth is largely determined by the saw blade technology.

Saw blade geometry

	The teeth are milled, set. The teeth are alternately bent in different directions. The width of the run is considered normal if it is equal to one and a half of the thickness of the canvas. The setting prevents excessive heating of the saw blade and helps to remove sawdust trapped between the saw and the kerf. Used for fast cutting of hard and soft wood, non-ferrous metals and plastics.
	The teeth are milled, wavy. Cloth The spreading is performed not through one tooth, but in groups, deviating now to the right, then to the left. The saw blade is designed for a straight and clean cut when cutting in a straight line on aluminum, non-ferrous metals and plastics.
	The teeth are ground, with conical ground. Saw blade with a taper grinding non-cutting edge for clean cuts in wood and plastics.
	The teeth are ground, set. Saw blade for fast cutting of wood with a coarse cutting line. Used for cutting soft wood (5-50 mm), blockboard, chipboard and fiberboard.

Tooth pitch

In our country, step (t) is the distance between the tops of the teeth. In some countries, the pitch is designated TPI (teeth per inch) and is measured by the number of teeth per inch (for example, TPI = 7, i.e. 7 teeth per inch). When cross-cutting wood, it is convenient to use a saw with a large tooth t = 3.5-6.5 mm (TPI = 7-3.5), in ordinary carpentry work - with an average tooth t = 3-3.5 mm (TPI = 9 -7), for critical sawing - with a fine tooth t = 2-3 mm (TPI = 13-9). In this case, the thickness of the material to be cut must also be taken into account. Sawing is easier if at least 5-8 teeth are involved in the work at the same time. If this rule is not followed, the blade will vibrate during operation, and the cutting line will turn out to be crooked and torn.

Saw blade width

The width of the saw blade determines the quality and speed of cutting when moving in a straight line, as well as the ability to cut curves. The wider the saw blade, the more stable it is: it allows a high cutting speed and deviates less from the cutting plane. For curved lines, use narrower saw blades to fit better into curves. It is important that the teeth of such a saw blade are located on the jigsaw drive axis. This increases the controllability of the tool: it can more accurately follow the intended cutting line.

File thickness

The thickness of the saw blade affects the stability of the saw blade when cutting in a straight line and ensures that the cut is perpendicular to the plane of the workpiece. However, for cutting thick workpieces that require high precision mutual disposition surfaces, it is better to use circular saws.

Saw blades for sawing wood

Below are the saw blades for wood from Wilpu. Numbers in brackets indicate the corresponding Bosch counterpart.

	Precise cut, also suitable for plastic.High carbon steel saw blade with pointed teeth and tapered grinding. Provides a clean cut in softwood and chipboard up to 30 mm thick, as well as in plastics. (Wilpu НС 12 / Bosch Т101 В)
	Bi-metal saw blade.The bimetallic saw blade is very durable, made by laser welding: the rear part is made of flexible high-carbon steel, the cutting part is made of high-quality high-speed steel (HC 12 bi / T101BF)
	Saw blade with reverse tooth system.Reverse teeth ensure the saw blade cuts in reverse. At the same time, the visible cutting line remains clean and free of chips. Scope - veneered boards (HC 12 R / T101BR)
	Clean line for curved cuts.When the saw blade width is halved, the teeth are located on the longitudinal axis of the jigsaw. With the help of such a blade, you can cut along a very steep curve, as well as in a circle (HC 12 K / T101 AO)
	Saw blades for flooring.Special saw blade designed for materials such as laminate and parquet, the teeth are directed in the opposite direction and the distance between the teeth is less than with traditional saws (HC 19 R bi / T101 BIF)
	Wood sawing expert.New generation of saw blades: teeth with special geometry and triple sharpening. Very spicy! (NS 123 / T234 X)
	The universal saw blade.A saw blade for all occasions: this universal tool for rough and fast cutting of wood up to 5 cm thick. The saw is made of high-carbon steel, the teeth are set and ground. Cuts quickly and cleanly (HGS 14 / T144D)
	Saw blades for wood up to 120 mm thick.The geometry of the teeth is the same as for the universal saw blade, however, the blade length is 155 mm. This saw can be used to cut a beam with a thickness of 120-130 mm (HGS 54 / T744D)

Specialized saw blades

If there is a need to cut materials such as glass, stone or metal, you will need special saw blades with relevant characteristics... Obviously, the saw teeth must be harder than the material being cut. However, hard materials have a big drawback: they are brittle, which causes frequent breakage of saw blades. For such cases, manufacturers produce bimetallic blades. They are 2/3 of resilient high carbon steel and one third of hardened high speed steel. These files provide an optimal price-quality ratio and quickly pay off due to their long service life.

	Saw blade for softwood and insulating materials.These saw blades have a tooth pitch of 1.2 to 2 mm; with their help it is convenient to cut softwood, as well as various insulating materials (HW12 / T119A
	Sheet metal saw.For cutting thin sheet metal with a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm, saw blades with a small pitch and a corrugated blade are intended. Since the tooth pitch is only 0.7 mm, a clean cut is obtained (MG107 / T118G)
	File for plexiglass and metals.Plexiglass, polycarbonate, non-ferrous metals and aluminum up to 30 mm thick are not a problem if you use such a saw blade with a flank angle and sharp teeth (MC 12 bi / T101A)
	File for steel.A bimetal file with a corrugated blade is intended for cutting thin sheet metal, multilayer materials, pipes and aluminum profile(MG11 bi / T318AF)
	File for multilayer materials.A special bimetallic blade is designed for cutting workpieces up to 120 mm thick, consisting of different materials(metal, insulating material). Highly flexible (MG 51 bi / T718HF)
	File for wood with metal.This saw blade with a tooth spacing of 1.8 to 2.5 mm is intended for sawing wood structural elements containing nails and other metal elements (MG 1014 bi / T111HF)
	Saw blade with a special tooth system.Universal saw blade with special M-tooth system. The saw blade quickly cuts material (wood and metal) when moving both forward and backward (ST-006 bi)
	File for rubber, carpets and leather.A wave-sharpened jigsaw file for sawing materials such as cardboard, leather, rubber, expanded polystyrene up to 120 mm thick, as well as carpets (313 AW / T313AW)

Saw blade shanks

	suitable for tools: AEG, Bosch, Metabo
	suitable for instruments: AEG, Atlas copco, Bosch, Black & Decker, DeWalt, Elu, Festool, Flex, Hitachi, Holz-Her, Kress, Mafell, Makita, Metabo, Protool
	suitable for instruments: Black & Decker, Skil, Ryobi
	suitable for tools: Fein ASt (e) 636,638; MOt 6-17-1
	suitable for instruments: Fein ASt (e) 649; MOt 6-18-1, Spitznas
	suitable for tools: Makita

Jigsaw accessories

Leading tool manufacturers produce additional accessories for their power tools. Such nice additions include a device that prevents the top layer of material from chipping: it is mounted on a base plate. And the support panel itself can be made of different materials, which resists slipping when cutting.

It will not be superfluous in the workshop and the parallel stop, which provides cutting of the same type of rails; the distance between the parallel lines can be varied up to 140 mm. And the circular cutter will provide the possibility of precise processing of radius surfaces. Additional equipment significantly expands the capabilities of the tools and gives a new impetus to creativity.

Several illustrative examples of the different work of files

The cuts were made in the veneer panel with a saw blade with teeth pointing upwards (right) and with a saw blade with teeth pointing towards reverse side(left)	If you don’t have a saw blade with the teeth pointing in the opposite direction when cutting a veneer panel, tape Tesa along the cutting line to help you get a clean edge.
With a simple stop, consisting of a bar and two clamps, you get a precisely aligned, straight saw line	Use the circular cutter for circular sawing.
This is just a DIYer's dream - a sawing table, for example from Neutechnik.	Special clamps protect the sawn panels from the appearance of monstrous cracks

An electric jigsaw is a regular practical application every wood craftsman, and the development and improvement of technology has expanded the scope of its practical use. Now the device can be successfully used when working with other materials, the only thing to consider is the correct choice of the saw blade. Jigsaw blades are classified according to several of the most significant features, which allows you to initially select the right nozzle, depending on the features and type of cutting. Let's try to figure out how to choose the right file for your jigsaw, and what types there are.

The requirements for the tool are currently very high. Performance, speed of work, and accuracy of the cut, and its evenness are important. V general view all variants of classifications of canvases suitable for a jigsaw can be combined into several groups according to the following criteria:

• shank type;
• material used in the processing;
• file teeth shape options;
• web width;
• tooth pitch;
• web thickness.

Types of files

Shank type

T-shaped version. This shank is called "Boshevsky", since it was Bosch who came up with the idea of ​​creating it. Focusing on the leader in this field, other manufacturers began to produce jigsaws with the same shanks, so they are now ubiquitous.

U-shaped shank. The next most frequently used is the American version, which is suitable for older types of jigsaws. Also compatible with models with screw and shoe terminals.

ShanksMakitaandBosch. Rare representatives of their kind, suitable only for jigsaws of the same manufacturer, moreover, of the old model.

By material

Perhaps this is the main classification feature that most accurately separates all the options for jigsaw files and allows you to describe in detail their types and features of operation.

For metal... Such saw blades are most often made of special high-speed steel, the cutting segments themselves are small and depend on the degree of hardness of the metal - the harder it is, the smaller the tooth. In general, in truth, a jigsaw is not very suitable for metal - the cutting process usually becomes lengthy. The file you choose can be suitable for either aluminum, steel or non-ferrous metals.

Wood. Since the creation of the jigsaw, it was wood that was the only material option in its field of application, and until now it is it that is its classic purpose. Such files are made from chrome vanadium or high carbon steel. At the same time, for rough sawing, where accuracy and accuracy are not so much important as speed, wide blades and large teeth are used.

For clean processing of chipboard and fiberboard panels, accuracy is needed rather than increased productivity, so the file for these purposes has teeth up to 3 mm and a small set.

There are also special options with double row of teeth, allowing the most accurate cut of laminated panels. For curly processing, narrow versions of canvases with fine teeth and a slightly beveled back are used.

For laminate... The peculiarity of such a canvas is the presence of the so-called reverse teeth, preventing the occurrence of chips on the face when sawing. The tooth of such a file is small.

For ceramic tiles. These models are equipped with a carbide coating on the edges. It is convenient to cut and even cut out with such a nozzle. However, it should be borne in mind that with a jigsaw it will be possible to cut only wall tiles, for a floor one you need a grinder or a tile cutter.

Universal... They do equally well with wood and metal due to the fact that the teeth on one side of the saw are small, and on the other - large. For curly treatments and such a blade will not work with an absolutely perfect cut.

Special. Subdivided into product groups for different materials. For ceramic tiles, as already described earlier, options from the most durable alloys with a special coating are suitable. When choosing a jigsaw for such purposes, keep in mind that the expediency of using it is present only in cases of necessary curly cutting; for straight edges there are other, more adapted options.

If the material contains abrasive particles, as is the case with plaster or cement, the files become dull very quickly. You should choose special blades, on the cutting part of which hard alloy solders are located.

For soft "shapes" such as cardboard or rubber, choose "Toothless" saws which, rather, resemble knives. The edge cut is made with a wave and grinding.

By the shape of the teeth

With diluted milled. In such variants of files, the teeth are bent in different directions in turn. In this case, the width of the wiring is considered normal to be equal to the 1.5th thickness of the web itself. Thanks to the wiring, there is no strong heating, and sawdust can be removed simply and easily. Used for fast cutting of not too hard wood, as well as plastic structures and non-ferrous metals.

With wavy milled. The setting is carried out by groups of teeth that deviate alternately to the left and right. The amount of deviation of each subsequent one differs from the angle of inclination of the previous one, thus, a wave is formed. These saws are used for clean cutting of plastic and aluminum products and non-ferrous materials.

With ground teeth, conical grinding. It is used exclusively for fine cuts in the processing of wood and plastic, as well as laminate and plastic materials.

With diluted polished. Used for fast cuts with coarse cuts in soft wood, chipboard and fiberboard.

By the width of the canvas

This parameter of the file is selected taking into account the specifics of the requirements for specific work results. Wide blades are more stable, so nothing stands in the way of cutting at high speed without fear of deviation. If it is necessary to cut the curve with high quality, then more suitable narrow options, with their help you can easily overcome turns. In this case, it is necessary that the teeth themselves are located directly on the axis of the drive - this gives the tool controllability.

By the step of the teeth

The step is the length of the trajectory between the vertices. In most countries, such a designation of the pitch is adopted as TPI from the English "teeth per inch", measured by the number of teeth per 1 inch. That is, if, for example, the TPI value is 5, then this means that there are 5 teeth in one inch of the blade.

If the wood needs to be cut crosswise, then it is advisable to use saws with TPI equal to 7-4, with routine work 9-7 is enough, if you need an extremely accurate and accurate cut - 13-10. It is also necessary to take into account and initial material thickness, 6-8 teeth should be involved in the work, otherwise the blade will begin to vibrate, and the saw cut will turn out to be torn.

By the thickness of the canvas

The thickness of the file determines how much it will deviate from vertical installation... From this point of view, thick saw blades are best at providing an even, perpendicular cut. However, they almost certainly will not work with jigsaws that have a quick-clamping version of the mechanism.

The marking of jigsaw files is especially useful for those who are not yet experienced enough in carpentry and cannot indicate the purpose of the nozzle, focusing on its appearance.

Most manufacturers tend to label their products with a system invented by Bosch.

So, the marking is affixed on the tail and contains a combination of letters and numbers.

The first letter in the combination indicates the type of shank:

• T-shaped,
• U-shaped,
• M - for Makita jigsaws,
• Fein standard.

• 1 - the shortest length, does not exceed 75 mm,
• 2 - average 75-90,
• 3 - long 90-150,
• 7 - the most long files with a length over 150 mm.

The next letter indicates the size of the teeth:

• A - fine teeth,
• B - medium,
• C or D - large.

The last letter indicates some additional important information:

• F - working part made of extra strong bimetallic alloy,
• P - exact cut,
• O - narrow back,
• X - progressive tooth pitch,
• R - reverse (reverse) direction of the teeth.

Shank color can tell a lot too. Gray indicates the purpose of the file for wood materials, blue - for metal, and red - for plastic structures.

The type of steel used as the basis for the fabric during production is stamped with a special combination of letters on the neck:

• HM - hard alloys,
• CV - chrome vanadium steel,
• HSS - high speed steel,
• HCS (CV) - high carbon steel,
• BM (BiM) - CV and HSS compound, very strong and durable.

Often the file is affixed letter designations, directly reflecting the essence of its purpose. For those who are at least a little familiar with the English language, deciphering these letter combinations will not be difficult.

• "Wood" refers to working with soft wood and other soft materials.
• "Hardwood" - solid wood, PVC panels.
• "Inox" - works with stainless steel.
• "Metall" is metal.
• "Alu" - aluminum.
• Fiber, Plaster - fiberglass.
• Soft-material - rubber, carpet.
• Acrylic is a polycarbonate.

Conclusion

Now you are familiar with the main types of canvases, and you can easily answer the question of how to choose the right file for your jigsaw. Taking into account the specifics of the device of each product, you can truly choose suitable option files that will last a long time and will not spoil your initial idea. For those who practice carpentry often, it makes sense to acquire a variety of files and use them strictly for their intended purpose. If you take out a jigsaw a couple of times a year, then it is better to have universal models on hand for urgent and rough work, and entrust the accurate and figured cutting to professionals. Happy shopping to you!