Making warm perlite plaster with your own hands

You probably already noticed that all compositions for warm plaster contain components that determine their thermal insulation properties. Most often it is perlite or vermiculite; mixtures with expanded polystyrene are also found. It is their low thermal conductivity coefficients that allow, on average, to obtain good values ​​for finished coatings. By using such additives together with or instead of certain fillers, such as sand, as well as binders such as gypsum or cement, you can be sure of mixing a mixture with the desired properties.

Unfortunately, prices for ready-made mixtures do not inspire confidence. What if you prepare the solution yourself?! Moreover, individual components, such as cement, perlite, lime, are relatively inexpensive. For example, a ton of M500 cement can be bought for 3000-4000 rubles, 20 kg bags of slaked lime - 170 rubles each, perlite (grades M75 or M100) - approximately 1500-2000 rubles. per cubic meter If the amount of work is large and the budget for implementation is limited, then it’s time to get creative. We offer you several recipes for making warm perlite plaster with your own hands.

• 1 part cement to 1 part sand and 4 parts perlite (calculated by volume) is mixed with water until the required consistency is obtained (thick sour cream);
• the proportions of cement and perlite by volume are 1 to 4. So, for 375 kg of cement you will need approximately 1 cubic meter of perlite sand. The mixture is mixed with 300 liters of water; PVA glue can be used as a plasticizing additive in a volume of 4-5 liters. The glue is mixed in water, to which a dry mixture of perlite and cement is subsequently added;
• the volumetric ratio of cement and perlite is 1 to 5. For 290 liters of water, use 4-4.5 liters of PVA, 300 kg of cement and a cube of perlite;
  - by volume: 1 portion of cement, 2 portions of sand and 3 portions of perlite. As an additive, you can use liquid soap or PVA in an amount of no more than 1% by weight of cement;
• 270 liters of water will require a cube of perlite and 190 kg of cement;
• 1 volume of cement, 4 volumes of perlite, approximately 0.1% by weight of cement, PVA glue;
• the volume ratio of cement to perlite is in the range of 1:4÷1:8. The additive can be liquid soap, dishwashing detergent, PVA - up to 1% by weight of cement;
• pre-prepare the mixing solution (hereinafter referred to as RZ): dissolve the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in a measured volume of water in a volume of 0.5% of the expected volume of warm plaster, as well as plasticizers - 0.5% by weight of the subsequently added cement. All components are thoroughly mixed and the solution is allowed to settle until the viscosity of the CMC increases. Further variations are possible depending on what density the plaster needs to be obtained (bucket - 10 l). For example, for 12 liters of RZ add 12 liters of cement, 2 buckets of perlite, 2.5 buckets of sand (the density of the resulting solution is approximately 1500 kg per cubic meter). For the same volume of RP, 1.5 buckets of sand, 3 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of cement are poured - a mixture with a density of 1200 kg per cube is obtained. For 20 liters you can mix about 5 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of sand, 12 liters of cement - we get a solution with a density of about 800-900 kg per cubic meter

All these PVA and liquid soap can be replaced with superplasticizers, for example, from Poliplast. This component is very important, because it determines the behavior of the solution and the mixture’s need for the volume of mixing water.

You must understand that any recipes are given for guidance only. To achieve success, you will have to experiment with the ratio of components, check the resulting solutions in operation

And only after the mixture is ideal for your finishing conditions, you can mix large volumes. Special attention Pay attention to the water absorption capacity of thermal insulation components. They actively retain moisture, which, if there is a lack of mixing water, can affect the technology of hardening the cement mixture.

Finally

If you don't perceive warm plaster as the only solution for insulating a residential building, but only as an opportunity to bring thermal characteristics buildings up to required values, then the result will not be long in coming. Using such a solution, you can simultaneously level the base and give it new properties. And don’t be afraid to experiment with making your own plaster – it will cost less than buying ready-made mixtures!

Advantages and disadvantages of insulating with plaster from the inside

Warm plaster has unique properties. Using only it, you can solve the issue of waterproofing, insulation and final finishing walls The advantages of plasters containing rock particles as fillers - perlite, expanded vermiculite, that is, mixtures of the most “advanced” type, are especially pronounced.

Thanks to polymer additives included in the mixture, this plaster has excellent adhesion to any wall materials: aerated concrete, metal, ceramics and others.

Warm plaster easily allows air to pass through, while retaining water without getting wet. Therefore, walls covered with this material are protected from mold. In addition, warm plaster is biologically resistant, so the formation of microflora in it is excluded. By treating the walls of a room from the inside with this material, you can not only insulate it, but also make it cleaner environmentally.

The effectiveness of insulation using such plaster is high not only due to the low thermal conductivity of the material, but also due to its close contact with the surface of the walls over their entire area without the formation of any cold bridges.

Another remarkable property of warm plaster is its fire resistance. Unlike expanded polystyrene and other similar insulation materials, insulating plaster coatings excellently protect walls from intense heat and open fire without collapsing. Moreover, the layer of plaster does not have to be thick.

According to manufacturers promoting warm plaster mixtures to the market, this material, applied to the walls in a layer of 2 cm, is equivalent in its thermal insulation qualities to a masonry of 2 bricks or a concrete wall about 1 m thick

Taking this fact into account, it is easy to calculate how much the weight of the structure will decrease and how much materials can be saved thanks to warm plaster. However, other experts consider this opinion to be quite controversial in terms of the asserted relationships

It’s just that applying this material is much easier than traditional insulation with its fastening, primer and finishing layer. By the way, during a work shift, a team of three people can treat more than 80 m2 of walls with a warm mixture.

In addition to the above advantages, warm plaster also has other unique properties: the complete absence of toxic inclusions, the material is made from natural components that have undergone heat treatment; at any temperature, the plaster is environmentally friendly; it does not decompose, does not burn or freeze.

The disadvantages of the material include the following:

• Warm plaster made from polystyrene foam granules requires a finishing coat. This does not apply to mixtures containing rock fillers.

The high price of plasters based on perlite, pumice and vermiculite.

The need for layer-by-layer application of material to the walls. A thick coating applied in one layer has a high probability of sliding off the wall under the influence of its own weight.

ULTRA-THIN LIQUID THERMAL INSULATION ASTRATEK

ASTRATEK thermal insulating polymer coatings are modern multifunctional composite materials based on a polymer binder, special fillers and targeted additives. ASTRATEK coatings combine high thermal and performance characteristics with economic efficiency.

ASTRATEK is highly porous thermal insulation material, which works by implementing a blocking mechanism (creating high thermal resistance) of 3 types of heat transfer - convection, conduction and radiation. The microporous structure of ASTRATEK during heat transfer reflects and dissipates more than 76% of the input thermal radiation. Due to low thermal conductivity, the heat flow in the thickness of the material is “weakened”; low emissivity reduces the level of output heat flow and ensures a reduction in heat loss.

ASTRATEK line of thermal insulating polymer coatings:

ASTRATEK is a universal base composition for various fields applications with high and stable adhesion to metals and building materials. ASTRATEK coating is temperature-resistant, weather-resistant, vapor-permeable, and contains corrosion inhibitors. ASTRATEK façade is a weather-resistant, highly viscous composition specially designed for thermal insulation vertical surfaces. The coating, applied to the wall from the inside or outside, forms a single seamless surface, retains heat throughout the entire volume of the room, which has a positive effect on the microclimate.

ASTRATEK metal is a special composition with increased adhesive and anti-corrosion characteristics, resistant to UV radiation and chemicals (solutions of salts, acids, alkalis, some types of petroleum products). The coating increases the service life of the insulated surface and protects against corrosion.

Water-dispersed paints and primers:

Universal primer - has high penetrating ability and increased adhesion, facilitates subsequent painting, and reduces paint consumption. Contains additives to kill and prevent the development of fungi and mold. Specially designed for preparation for application of ASTRATEK façade polymer coating and GROSS paints.

Metal Primer - An environmentally friendly replacement for traditional metal primers. Operating temperature up to +200°C. Specially designed for preparation for the application of ASTRATEK polymer coatings.

Water-dispersion paints - Decorative and protective coatings for high-quality painting of building facades on plastered, concrete, brick surfaces. Designed for external and internal work. Material color - white base A, base C. Tinting according to the RAL catalog. Packing - 14 kg buckets; 4.2 kg; 1.4 kg.

DIY recipe for making thermal insulating plaster

Insulating layer for interior decoration and warm plaster for facades have different recipes. Here are several options for preparing the solution.

Warm plaster for interior work, for indoor work you will need dry ingredients: 3 parts sawdust, 1 part cement, 2 parts crushed paper, mix well, add water, use a drill with an attachment to bring it to a homogeneous plastic mass.

For external and internal work, a universal solution: 1 part cement, 4 parts perlite or vermiculite, plasticizers as recommended by the manufacturer, can be replaced with PVA glue (approximately 0.05 g per 1 bucket of cement), water.

From natural materials: 0.2 tsp cement, 1 tsp clay, 2 tsp shredded paper soaked in water until doughy, 3 tsp. sawdust, water.

Thermal insulation plaster for external work: 1 part of cement, 3 parts of perlite, plasticizer as recommended, 1 part of expanded polystyrene foam, crushed into grains of no more than 3 mm, propylene foam fiber - 0.5 g per bucket of cement, water.

Note: When applying a layer of 50 mm, the average consumption is 18-25 kg of solution/m2, depending on the filler.

We offer you a video tutorial on how to properly apply insulating plaster for exterior work using a mechanized method.

Purpose

Although the thermal insulation properties of this material are higher than those of ordinary plaster, but it cannot replace the full insulation of a house with mineral wool or expanded polystyrene, but it will be a good addition.

• facade insulation;
• heat and sound insulating material for finishing internal and external walls;
• insulation of balconies, verandas, door and window slopes, stairwells etc.;
• sealing floor joints, cracks and cracks;
• heat insulator for well masonry;
• material for finishing work in premises;
• insulation of water supply pipes;
• thermal insulation of floors and ceilings.

Plaster facade is durable, practical and beautiful

Recently, plastering wall insulation has become the most popular technology for both urban and suburban buildings.

Today it is difficult to find any building that would not decorate its façade with decorative plaster.

This type of finishing work has become truly widespread, and all thanks to the following qualities:

• Significant reduction in space heating costs;
• Not required internal insulation walls;
• Insulation under plaster can be mounted on any type of facade;
• Relatively inexpensive and uncomplicated type of work;
• A huge variety of plastering materials, which makes it possible to radically change the appearance of buildings;
• Reliable coating that is resistant to sudden temperature changes;
• Perfectly solves the sealing problem.

But most importantly, plastering the facade insulation does not create additional load on the building structure and at the same time provides it with complete protection from the destructive influences of the environment.

Thermal insulating plaster mixture

Umka thermal insulation mixtures are ready-to-use dry mixtures,
which, after mixing with water, form a solution of excellent plasticity with high level adhesion, which is designed to provide thermal, hydro and sound insulation of walls, floors and roofs of houses, buildings and premises.

Thermal insulating plaster is a material that is created using latest technologies and developments in the field of building thermophysics. When insulating buildings, thermal insulating plaster is not required. additional insulation such materials as mineral wool or polystyrene foam, simply apply the plaster to a dry, clean wall. Can be applied to all types of solid substrates (brickwork, concrete, aerated concrete, ceramic block, shell rock, etc.). The material is used as decorative finishing, finishing layer for the surface of a wall made of aerated concrete, foam concrete, ceramic block, thermoblock, etc., which meet the requirements of building thermal physics for wall material, but require additional insulation.

The use of heat-insulating plasters can increase heat savings by up to 40%. Thermal insulating plaster mixtures "Umka" consist of 98% inorganic substances, which makes them environmentally friendly and safe. This allows them to be used not only for external, but also for internal work. They are non-flammable material.

Thermal insulating plaster mixtures "Umka" protect buildings from the influence of rain, sun, wind and other natural factors, prevent the outflow of heat outside during the cold season, thereby reducing heating costs and keeping the room cool in the summer.

The effective thermal insulating filler for warm plasters is based on granular silicon expanded in a vacuum. After a rather complex technological process, very light and durable balls are obtained. Their structure consists of many small pores, the size of which is larger than an air molecule, but smaller than a water molecule. This gives this material unique properties - it does not absorb water, but allows air to pass through, which allows the walls to “breathe” while maintaining waterproofing properties. Warm plasters based on expanded materials have a very low coefficient of thermal expansion - 0.000014, which means that the plaster layer on the building will not crack after winter frosts. Such materials retain their properties in the temperature range -260...+1200 °C.

Thanks to their water-repellent and “breathable” properties, Umka thermal insulation mixtures contribute to the timely removal of moisture, and thereby prevent the appearance of mold and mildew on the surface of the walls and in the middle
structures, creating a healthy, safe living environment. Complete environmental friendliness is a key requirement for modern housing, and is implemented 100% in the Umka material, because it does not contain carcinogenic substances, therefore it is safe for humans.

“Umka” has a perfectly white color on the wall, the material is easy to use when applied to any type of wall surface without prior priming and reinforced with mesh, it can be applied either manually or by machine. A wall covered with Umka thermal insulation material, like a thermal fur coat, does not have a single cold bridge.

The use of the Umka material increases the overall thermal resistance of the wall by 40% of the calculated value due to the complete drying of the wall material and waterproofing protection from external environment. Thus, bearing wall remains in a dry state throughout the year without absorbing dry moisture from the outside, which is not achieved when using insulation systems based on polystyrene foam and mineral wool.

Thermal insulating plaster mixtures "Umka" meet all sanitary and hygienic requirements adopted in Russia and are recommended for use in housing and civil construction.

Main characteristics of thermal insulation
plaster mixtures "UMKA"

Price issue

In conclusion, let’s say, the insulation for a facade under plaster can be either ordinary polystyrene foam, extruded polystyrene, or mineral wool. There are no better or worse materials, each insulation suits you relatively. Knowing the properties of each material, it is necessary to think about how to compensate for the shortcomings

If it is important for you to live in a house with natural ventilation, good indoor microclimate, it is better to use vapor-permeable mineral wool rather than polystyrene foam. If you want to save money, but are ready to lose quality, use polystyrene foam, but consider forced ventilation in the house

Extruded polystyrene foam is denser and lasts longer, but regular foam is cheaper and may be easier for you to replace when it wears out.

Mineral wool is vapor-permeable and does not burn, but it costs three times more and can absorb water if installed incorrectly. If stone wool gets wet, it will lose all its energy-saving features.

• Ordinary polystyrene foam PSB-S 25 costs 1500 rubles/m3;
• Extruded polystyrene foam costs 2800/m3;
• Mineral wool high density(at least 120kg/m3) costs 4800/m3.

Each insulation material is certified for use and can be used in plaster facade systems. Now you know the properties of each, choose according to the set of characteristics you need.

Insulating the facade with mineral wool under plaster involves the creation of a multi-layer “fur coat”, which includes. Insulation under siding.

Similar publications. Insulation for outside walls of a house under plaster. DIY siding installation: instructions for dummies.

To plaster facade by insulation looked beautiful, apply the next ball of plaster mixture. The challenge is this.

under insulation suitable finishing and siding, and plaster. As you can see, it is difficult to find an exact answer to the question of which is better - a wet facade or siding.

Wet insulation loses up to 90% of the energy saving characteristics declared by the manufacturer.

This porous lightweight material is used as insulation under plaster for walls both inside and outside the house.

Thermal insulating plaster types and features

In the formulations of warm plasters, some of the components of conventional leveling compounds are replaced with materials that can be used to strengthen thermal insulation properties frozen solution. For example, quartz sand or part of it is replaced with perlite, vermiculite, polystyrene foam, etc. additives in bulk form. Cement or gypsum can be used as a binder. In the first case ready-made composition suitable for exterior and interior decoration, in the second - only for interior work due to the high hygroscopicity of gypsum.

The main part of dry mixes presented on the domestic market is perlite plaster. Expanded perlite is used as a filler, which in appearance may resemble coarse sand or small gravel of a grayish-white color. The material is quite light - bulk density is around 200-400 kg per cubic meter. m. depending on the grain size. It is somewhat lower for expanded vermiculite. The density of this additive to plaster is approximately 100 kg per cubic meter. m. (bulk). Another property that must be taken into account when using thermal insulation solutions is the high hygroscopicity of hardened coatings. The hygroscopicity of the material is up to 5 volumes of water per 1 volume of expanded component.

Despite the high water absorption coefficients, vermiculite and perlite plasters can be used for external insulation of a building. The main thing is that they are not directly exposed to precipitation, and the steam passing through the walls of the house does not linger in the coating.

The low density of the solution components ensures a reduction in the mass of the finished coating, which can be taken into account when designing a house. There is an opportunity to reduce the load on the foundation and rely on a cheaper foundation for construction.

A short video about plaster based on polystyrene foam.

Two videos on how to prepare warm plaster with vermiculite.

Types of liquid insulation for walls

Modern heat insulators can be divided into groups according to different indicators. We will give the most common classification.

Liquid foam

Today construction market offers several types of such insulation.

Polyurethane foam (PPU)

The material is developed on the basis of liquefied urethanes, which, under the influence chemical reaction form a foamy substance, expanding almost 50 times. After 24 hours, the mixture finally hardens, forming a durable, finely porous layer, reminiscent in structure polyurethane foam. Polyurethane insulation is applied using a special spraying unit, which delivers the contents to the surface under high pressure.

Polyurethane insulation is applied using a special spraying installation

Penoizol

Penoizol differs from the previous thermal insulator in its lower price, lower density and poor thermal conductivity. This budget option is made by urethanes, which belong to the urea-formaldehyde group. In terms of efficiency, it can be compared with traditional insulation (foam or mineral wool). The material is also applied under high pressure using a spray gun. The finished volume, as a rule, does not exceed more than 30 times the original mixture.

Polynor

Another heat insulator based on heterochain polymers. Available in small cylinders. One container is enough to finish 1 square meter. m when applying a layer thickness of about 60 mm. Compared to other materials, Polinor is much more expensive, and therefore it is not profitable to use it for large rooms. A convenient container with a nozzle allows you to apply insulation without preliminary preparation of the material.

Warm paints

They contain ready-made additives that do not require pre-foaming.

"Corundum"

The Russian brand that produces this insulation provides a guarantee for its products for up to 15 years. The material has a uniform viscous texture with high adhesion to various surfaces. Corundum is applied with a spatula or paint brush. It can also be sprayed, but must first be diluted with water.

The manufacturer offers several variations of thermal insulation:

• "Facade";
• "Winter";
• "Anticor";
• "Fire protection";
• "Lotus";
• "Classic";
• "Waterproofing";
• "Sanitary";
• "Foundation".

"Armor"

This thermal insulation is produced by a Vologda company that has copyrights to the insulation composition. The paint has a fairly thick consistency, allowing it to adhere well to any surface. It has water-repellent properties and can also be used as waterproofing coating. Like the previous mixture, “Bronya” is available in several versions:

• "Classic";
• "Light";
• "Standard";
• "Universal";
• "Facade";
• "Metal";
• "Wall";
• "Fire protection";
• "Volcano";
• "North";
• "Winter";
• "Anticor".

"Akterm"

The country of origin of this thermal insulator is Russia. The company produces paints intended for two types of work: insulation and waterproofing. The Akterm product line is represented by 13 formulations with different technical characteristics:

• "Concrete";
• "Metal";
• "Anticor";
• "Facade";
• "Standard";
• "North";
• "Volcano";
• "Akterm - NG paint";
• "Anti-condensation";
• "Fire protection";
• "Hydrophobizer";
• "Zinc";
• "Plast".

When using Akterm thermal paints for walls or facades, you can add different colors to them.

"Astratek"

Another Russian brand that ranks first among manufacturers of modern liquid insulation. The paint has a uniform texture, the consistency resembles a suspension. This liquefied structure allows it to be applied not only with a paint brush, but also with a sprayer. The manufacturer produces several variations of formulations:

• "Facade";
• "Metal";
• "Universal";
• "Anti-condensation".

"Corundum" "Armor" "Akterm" "Astratek"

Ecowool

The composition of this environmental material includes several components:

• recycled cellulose;
• minerals;
• boric acid;
• wood;
• waste paper

The thermal insulator is well suited for insulating floors, as well as areas of walls where condensation often forms. The ecowool market is represented by several brands:

• Greenfiber – has thermal and waterproofing properties, absorbs noise;
• Ekovilla is a heat insulator with high technical performance and a long service life;
• Termex – is characterized by increased environmental friendliness;
• “Ecowool Extra” - used mainly for residential buildings or apartments;
• “Equator” is made using European technologies, observing international standards.

Ecowool is well suited for wall insulation

Plaster intended for facade work must meet the criteria of quality, strength, and durability.

Plaster for exterior decoration is popular precisely because of its improved quality indicators.

In addition, facing materials of this type have long term operation, are produced in a wide range, and also withstand natural influences well.

There are different texture options ("", "lamb"), has different composition(,), and also has certain functions (decorative, heat-insulating). To increase the thermal insulation of walls, warm plaster is used.

The basis of this type facade plaster is a dry mixture, which contains various plasticizers, glue, cement sand. The main substance in the composition of this material is hollow substances (granulated polystyrene foam, foam glass particles, sawdust), thanks to which the plaster has thermal insulating properties.

Plasticizers help maintain the elasticity of the material and resistance to temperature changes, and prevent cracking.

The polymers included in the mixture contribute to resistance to mechanical stress.

Insulation of the facade with plaster mixture

Warm façade mixture much lighter than conventional facing mixtures, but when applying several layers, its weight increases significantly, therefore the foundation must be further strengthened. Like any other material, warm plaster has its advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages

The main advantage of this facing material is its thermal insulation qualities. The composition helps retain the heat of the walls and prevents cold air from entering the room.

In addition, warm plaster:

• easy and quick to apply;
• does not require the use of reinforcing mesh, which reduces costs;
• does not require wall leveling;
• has good adhesion properties to any surface;
• no cold bridges are formed during coating;
• prevents the appearance of rodents;
• the main composition of the mixture is of natural origin;
• frost-resistant;
• has vapor-tight properties;
• waterproof;
• has soundproofing properties;
• is an environmentally friendly material.

In addition, the facing mixture is durable and does not require special care. Thanks to insulation with such a composition, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the insulation.

Sectional view of the device

Flaws

The main disadvantage of heat-insulating plaster is the additional design: After applying it, the surface should be coated with a primer, and then a decorative coating should be applied.

In addition, the total mass of the material after application has quite a significant weight.

The cost of warm plaster, which does not require additional coating, is quite high.

Areas of application of warm plaster

Insulated plaster is used not only to decorate the façade of a building, it can also be used:

• for the purpose of sealing cracks;
• for insulation of building walls;
• when sealing floor joints, as well as for insulating floors and ceilings;
• for the purpose of insulating the basement of the building;
• upon registration window slopes, doorways;
• for insulation of sewer risers for cold and hot water supply.

In addition, this mixture is used not only for exterior decoration, but also for interior work.

Types of warm plaster

Warm plaster is classified depending on the composition of the mixture. Thus, it is customary to divide the material into types:

• containing granulated polystyrene foam. Suitable option for facade and exterior work;
• containing sawdust impurities. The composition of this type includes paper, cement, clay. It is advisable to use this mixture for interior work;
• containing vermiculite (or perlite). This mixture has good antiseptic properties and is optimal for external use.

If the binding component in the composition of warm plaster is gypsum, then this mixture is suitable only for interior work.

For exterior (as well as interior) work, the most suitable mixture is the main component of which is cement.

Preparatory work

Before applying warm plaster to the walls, they should be prepared for work.

To do this you need:

• remove protruding elements in the wall: pieces of reinforcement, brick or concrete protrusions;
• if there was an old coating on the wall (paint, putty), it should be removed;
• if there is insulating material or sand in the panel joints, everything must be cleaned;
• if there are cracks in the wall, they need to be sealed with sealant;
• degrease and clean the wall surface from dust;
• treat the wall with a primer liquid.

NOTE!

In order to ensure high adhesion of the solution to the base, it is recommended to apply it after the primer has dried. thin layer(3 to 5 mm) mixture.

Complete drying is achieved after 24 hours in dry weather, then you can begin applying the main layers of putty mixture.

Mixture consumption

The consumption of the facing mixture per 1 m² is indicated on the packaging of the material.

Depending on the thickness of the layer, the amount of material required is determined:

• with a layer thickness of 2.5 cm, the material consumption will be 10 - 14 kg per m²;
• with a layer thickness of 5 cm, the material consumption will be 18 - 25 kg per m².

In addition to the material consumption, you can determine its cost per 1 m².

Effective sound insulation is achieved with a warm layer thickness of 0.5 cm. However, thermal insulation mixture is more often used as insulation, and it is recommended to use fibrous materials to suppress sound.

Do-it-yourself technology for applying warm plaster

For facing works For the facade, you should choose warm, low-wind, dry weather.

The solution should be mixed immediately before application: in the proportion specified by the manufacturer, dissolve the dry mixture in a large container and stir for several minutes. Then wait about ten minutes and mix the composition again to obtain its homogeneity.

The prepared mixture retains its properties up to four hours.

Warm mixture

The solution is applied as follows:

• beacons should be installed at a distance of 50 cm to obtain an even layer;
• It is advisable to first apply the solution with a small spatula, then with a large one. The mixture is applied from bottom to top. After covering a meter - one and a half walls, the applied solution should be aligned with a rule;
• the surplus removed by the rule can be reused;
• After applying the coating, the beacons should be removed, the holes from them should be sealed with mortar and the surface leveled.

Despite the plasticity of warm plaster, a thick layer can crack. The recommended layer thickness is two centimeters: this way the mixture will not slide down. Each layer is applied on the completely dried previous one, so to complete the coating in several layers you will need sufficient quantity time.

Reinforcement

If, nevertheless, the thickness of the first layer is 4 cm or more, it is necessary to continue the work sequentially:

• The first layer is covered with a reinforcing mesh two hours after its application;
• Apply the mixture in a thin layer to the reinforced mesh and profile with a notched trowel;
• after 24-48 hours, apply a second layer of solution in the same way as the first.

As practice shows, a layer of 5 centimeters is enough for the result to meet the requirements. This layer has thermal insulation and other properties inherent to this type of coating.

If the need arises, after completely dry facing covering it is decorated additional materials ( , ). You can decorate the surface with ceramic tiles, granite chips and other decorative facing materials.

Before using them, the dried surface of warm plaster should be coated with a primer solution.

Alignment

Thus, warm plaster is not only an external coating that protects the facade, but also an additional heat-insulating material that can reliably insulate the walls of a building. At the same time, it is possible to reduce the cost of the main insulation layer, as well as decorate the walls with an additional decorative coating.

Carrying out work on applying warm plaster will not be difficult. In addition, this type of coating fits well with any walls and does not require additional leveling.

Useful video

Applying warm plaster with your own hands:

In contact with

Thermal insulating plaster contains a cement-sand mixture and fillers that provide thermal insulation. This building material has recently appeared on the domestic market. It is mainly used to create additional thermal insulation. The main advantages of the mixture: ease of use, strength, and the ability to be applied to different surfaces.

Compared to other materials, it has low thermal conductivity. The basis of ordinary plaster is sand. Thermal insulation contains components that reduce its density and ensure the proper level of thermal insulation. The building material is based on binding components, the most common of which are gypsum, cement and lime.

The mixture is used for various purposes. Warm plaster for external use has a special composition: components are added to it that improve hygroscopicity. Gypsum and lime options are used for interior work. IN universal remedy contains cement. Compositions of this type can be used for both exterior and interior decoration. Thermal insulating plaster for interior work, as well as universal composition, are available in powder form. Before use they are diluted with water. Some builders prepare the bulk mixture themselves. However, it is recommended to purchase it from a reliable manufacturer.

Insulation is ensured due to the content of large additives in the product (they can be porous) and special fillers, which are most often used as sand, sawdust and glass.

Thermal insulating plaster includes water-repellent additives that release air. Antiseptic elements and plasticizers act as additional components. They are needed so that the mixture retains its properties.

Tests have shown: if the mixture is applied in a layer of 6 cm, thermal insulation will be provided as from two layers of brick. If winter is frosty, you should pay attention to this product. The mixture is applied to materials that allow cold to pass through. It can be used to seal gaps left after installing tiles.

Advantages and disadvantages

Warm plaster has a number of advantages:

Like any building material, the mixture has some disadvantages:

Filling options

Various elements are used in the composition of building materials.

Preparing the mixture

The mixture purchased at the store must be diluted with water according to the instructions. It is not recommended to use the entire composition at one time, as in this case it will not be possible to obtain the correct consistency. Mix the mixture thoroughly and leave for 4 minutes. During this time she will “ripen”. Experienced craftsmen prepare warm plaster in this way: take 4 kg of vermiculite and mix with 1 kg of cement powder. The solution should be thick. After cooking, it is kept for 15 minutes.

The principle of applying building materials

First of all, you need to clean the surface, then prepare a solution of the correct consistency. The mixture is applied to a moistened surface, so it adheres better. The walls are plastered according to the lighthouses. As such, fixed metal profiles are used. To check the evenness, use a building level. If the composition is applied in a thick layer, a reinforcing mesh must be used.

A handful of mixture is placed on a spatula, rubbed into the wall from top to bottom, then the surface is leveled. The composition retains plasticity for 2 hours, during which time unevenness can be corrected. Next, you need to remove the beacons, and use the same composition to grout the cracks. To level the surface, you can use a special grater. If several layers are required, the time interval between them should be 4 hours. The surface becomes dry after 2 days. After 48 hours, finishing is carried out.

Popular manufacturing companies

Mixture trademark“Umka” is universal. It is used to decorate walls outside and inside. Umka interacts with brick, concrete, and clay surfaces. The composition is applied manually or using a machine. The material contains basalt fiber. Some builders practice applying a layer of 10 cm.

The Knauf mixture is in demand because it contains polystyrene foam and substances that provide protection against water. The maximum layer should be 2.5 cm.

The composition of the Mishka trademark contains foam glass filler. The advantage of the component is that it provides waterproof and fire resistance.

The Houncliffe mixture is used as an additional layer of insulation. It contains components own production. "Houncliffe" is resistant to fire and moisture. When using this plaster, it is not necessary to apply a protective layer.

Construction and renovation of a house involves leveling walls and reducing heat loss. For this purpose, dry mixtures and insulating materials are used. All this can be found in one warm plaster. This is exactly what will be discussed in this article.

What does it represent?

Plaster compositions are a mixture of binding elements, fillers, plasticizers, performance-improving additives and sand purified from impurities with different fractions. Most warm plaster is presented in dry form, which should be diluted with water before use.

Compound

The building material differs from other analogues in specific fillers. It is they who give the result properties similar to heat-insulating materials.

In particular, the main additives are:

• vermiculite;
• wood fibers or sawdust;
• modified clay;
• powdered pumice;
• polystyrene foam in granules.

Except functional features The listed elements give the coating a different structure.

Some options are used as finishing decor. Others cover paint and varnish materials after preliminary priming and complete drying of the surface.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main task of plaster is to level the base. The material differs in its physical characteristics from most of the products offered.

Lightweight and practical finish

Among them, the positive ones include:

• high degree of adhesion to mineral and wood substrates, which do not need to be pre-leveled;
• if the maximum permissible layer is observed, the use of reinforcing material is not required;
• the breathable composition of the coating does not allow heat and cold, noise and dust to pass through;
• the composition mainly includes natural raw materials;
• comfortable use;
• frost resistance and resistance to changes in weather conditions;
• light weight, which does not allow “cellulite” deposits to form under the weight of the solution;
• forms a coating close to monolithic;
• With the exception of the filler in the form of polystyrene, the constituent substances are non-flammable materials.

In addition, warm plaster is considered unattractive to rodents and microbiological organisms. This eliminates the use of various types of antiseptic compounds that can cause an allergic reaction.

Many positive aspects and advantages over analogues do not exclude the presence of disadvantages. These include:

• as a rule, the maximum value of the applied layer does not exceed 20 mm;
• if plaster is used as an alternative to other heat insulators, then the layer must be at least 5 cm, which affects the foundation due to the total load;
• depending on the composition, the material is able to absorb moisture, so when choosing, you should take this indicator into account;
• When applying the solution again, be sure to use a reinforcing mesh.

It is believed that such a warm plaster, but it should not be considered a composition that fully replaces insulation. The material has, among others, a similar property, but it is not the only one.

Application area

On plaster binder composition used indoors only. On limestone and cement based warm plaster is used to finish the facade of the house, including its decoration.

Upon closer examination, the solution is used in the following cases:

1. Filling cracks, crevices and voids.
2. Sealing joints between floors.
3. Formation of openings for windows and doors.
4. Insulation: walls and building structure as a whole; water supply risers; sewer system.

The material also copes with leveling the base. But due to cost, it makes sense to give preference to analogues with an acceptable single-layer application exceeding 2 cm.

Types and features

Gypsum heat-insulating plaster has minimal resistance to variable humidity. Therefore, it is used only inside dry rooms. Cement is often used as a base, since it copes with changes in operating conditions much better. For façade elements, exactly these compositions are used.

Plaster with thermal insulation additives for external use differs in fillers, which affect the characteristic properties of the mixture:

1. Organic ones are represented by expanded polystyrene with a fraction of 1-1.5 mm, which is not very durable. Added to cement and lime compositions. The versatility of warm plaster is limited by its flammability. It is recommended to treat the coating with materials as a finishing decoration.
2. Minerals make up for the deficiencies of organic matter. These include: quartz glass is hydro-resistant, does not allow heat to pass through and does not shrink; porous raw materials of volcanic origin : mica vermiculite is not afraid of anything except water; Obsidian perlite needs protection from moisture.
3. Sawdust has a long drying time, but is great for working on brick and wood. Among these fillers are used: sawdust, paper.

The latter mixtures usually have cement or clay as a base. Manufacturers recommend using such mixtures for interior work. This is due to the fact that the presence of wind is not allowed during the drying process.

Mineral fillers also include pumice and expanded clay. These materials are inferior to analogues in all respects, therefore they are used extremely rarely.

Top manufacturers

If we consider the building material from the point of view of manufacturers, the most famous brand is the German Knauf company. This brand has established itself among the first in the post-Soviet space.

The materials are of high quality. All tasks assigned to the material are carried out in accordance with the specified parameters. The main condition is compliance with the rules for using and preparing plaster.

Domestic analogues also cope with the main tasks, to one degree or another. For example:

1. Houncliffe contains acrylic and glass. Can be applied to any porous substrate. It has low thermal conductivity, is vapor permeable, and does not accumulate moisture. It is environmentally friendly. The material is relatively new, so it is almost impossible to purchase a fake.
2. Termoum can be used to treat any substrate inside and outside the room. The plaster contains 99% mineral elements, which indicates its environmental friendliness and non-flammability. Pores in the coating occupy 55% of the volume. This allows moisture to not linger in the base. Hydrophobicity allows the product to be used as a moisture barrier for walls.
3. Varmmix It has high adhesion to any substrate without the use of primers. Unlike the previous option, it can be used for thermal insulation of the façade of a building.

Warm plaster Umka is suitable for indoor work. It is characterized by high strength and moisture resistance. It does an excellent job of insulating walls from noise and cold outside.

Thermal insulating plaster Knauf Grünband

German warm plaster for the facade Grünband can be applied to any base. The application method can be either manual or machine. The latter allows you to speed up the processing process.

The tasks that Grünband copes with:

• waterproofing of facades and rooms with high humidity;
• strengthening the base surface;
• preventing the appearance of cracks during shrinkage of the building or from mechanical impact from the outside;
• decorative design of the base, which only needs to be painted.

The fraction of components does not exceed 1.5 mm. This suggests that the coating differs in coating density and comfort relative to the application of the solution.

How to make warm plaster with your own hands

The modern market is presented with everything necessary to make your own plaster, including warm plaster. The mixture is usually based on cement and purified sand.

To impart heat-insulating properties to the plaster, perlite or vermiculite is added to the composition in a ratio of 4 to 1 relative to cement. PVA construction adhesive can be used as a plasticizer in quantities of up to 60 grams per 10 liters of plaster. It is important to mix all the elements thoroughly, leave for about 20 minutes and repeat shaking.

DIY application technology

Warm plaster is used more often for exterior work. External wall plastering activities are carried out in warm weather. It is advisable that there is no wind. This way the result will be of better quality. If beacons are used, then after the coating has hardened they should be removed and the voids should be filled with warm plaster.

Preparatory work

The base requires standard preparation before plastering. To do this you need to eliminate:

• old coating in the form of plaster and paint;
• protruding reinforcement elements;
• available material for wall insulation;
• excess adhesive mortar between the blocks from which the building is constructed.

It is advisable to fill all the recesses first. Some manufacturers claim that priming is not required. Most experts disagree with this.

Necessary tool

To prepare the plaster you will need a container and a mixer. You can purchase a special attachment for a drill or hammer drill. To work with the solution you will need spatulas (facade and auxiliary) and a rule.

Devices and tools

When using beacons, plaster is applied by machine or manually. Then the mixture is leveled with a trapezoid-shaped cloth. The surplus is further used.

Reinforcement

When applying the solution in a single layer, no additional reinforcement is required. However, there is often a need for a coating in excess of 20 mm. In this case, use a mesh with cells up to 5x5 mm. It will not allow the coating to crack.

The reinforcement process looks like this:

• the first layer of plaster is applied;
• after 100-120 minutes, the plaster mesh is attached using a notched trowel;
• the next layer of solution is applied after 1.5-2 days.

Reinforcement

Each stage, with the exception of reinforcement, is carried out after the base or fresh coating has completely dried. Priming is taken into account in this case.

Calculation of the amount of material

Before covering the plaster, be sure to take into account the fact that the solution has a limited action time. As a rule, it is equal to 4 hours.

Layer thickness calculation

For sound insulation, a layer of warm plaster 5 mm thick is sufficient. For thermal insulation, 50 mm is considered optimal. For leveling, the layer is calculated depending on the differences that will need to be eliminated. If they exceed 5 cm, then it is recommended to first use analogues without heat-insulating fillers.

Mixture consumption

If the plaster layer is 20 mm, then you will need about 12 kg of dry mixture per 1 square meter. meter. With a two-layer coating, 2 times more material will be required.

Application

Application rules warm material are actually the same as those of other analogues. The differences lie in the reinforcement and drying time of the coating. In particular, the latter is about 3 hours. Thermal insulating plaster gains maximum strength within a month.

Applying the mixture

To give smoothness, the hardened surface is moistened with water and treated with a grater. Possible deficiencies can be corrected within 2 hours.

Let's sum it up

Warm plaster is used as a leveling building material, similar to its conventional counterparts. The mixtures are also used for treating facades and walls indoors with any humidity. Characteristic feature This plaster has a heat-insulating property, along with which the coating does not allow noise to pass through.

The affordable cost of warm plaster and a wide range of applications have a clear advantage over analogues. Besides, T You can make warm plaster with your own hands.

When putting on a fur coat in winter, we don’t forget about a sweater or vest. Something similar happens to our houses when, instead of the usual finishing, thermal insulating plaster is used, which makes the house cooler in hot weather and warmer in cold weather.

What is thermal insulation plaster

New Construction Materials, performing a specific task, are also being developed in the field of building decoration. The main purpose of using heat-insulating plaster is to ensure thermal conductivity of no more than 0.175 W/m-K at bulk density up to 500 kg/m³. If this condition is not met, the material does not insulate heat sufficiently. Ideally, a plaster coating that retains heat should be an analogue of classic facade insulation, that is, it should be sufficiently strong, durable, and fireproof. The developers were able to solve the problem by replacing fillers that conduct heat well with components that have low thermal conductivity. That is, sand and stone chips in gypsum or cement compositions replaced:

• expanded vermiculite;
• foam glass;
• sawdust;
• straw cutting;
• perlite, etc.

The result was different kinds warm plasters that meet the specified requirements, which differ according to the area of ​​use:

• warm plaster for interior work;
• heat-insulating facade (for external use).

In addition, the compositions were modified, giving additional properties, resulting in heat and sound insulating plaster. This type of finish serves as both an acoustic and thermal barrier.

Thermal insulating compounds are used both for rough work (leveling) and for finishing.

Another class of components are modifiers. They are added to increase the lifespan, increase the elasticity of the solution, and prevent drying cracks. Manufacturers use proprietary plasticizers when creating mixtures. When making the composition with your own hands, add to it detergents or PVA glue, ready-made modifiers available in construction stores, microfiber.

Advantages and disadvantages of warm plasters

In order to reduce heat loss, they are used in construction various materials: mineral wool, polystyrene foam, etc. They are laid on the walls outside.

Compared with such home protection, warm compounds have the following advantages:

• simple application that a beginner can handle;
• the material is highly plastic, it can be sealed hard to reach places structures;
• no surface leveling required;
• no special fastening is needed; surface wetting is practiced to improve adhesion;
• the use of mesh reinforcement not over the entire area, but at corners and to repair cracks;
• a high adhesion rate allows the composition to be applied even to a metal base;
• the material is microporous, which makes it breathable and helps dry the walls;
• fire safety of most compositions;
• an additional benefit is good sound insulation of the insulated room;
• resistance to biological damage;
• the coating is frost-resistant, not afraid of temperature fluctuations;
• environmental friendliness;
• use of waste for production plaster composition(reducing the polluting load on nature);
• does not crack from vibrations and does not change under the influence of UV rays;
• thin-layer application provides additional insulation when using mineral wool and other insulation materials.

Warm compositions have their disadvantages:

• the compositions are more expensive than insulation materials (taking into account the reduction in the cost of work and the reduction in costs for related materials, such as mesh, the cost is comparable);
• the increased dead weight of the coating with the additional load from absorbed water requires a strong foundation;
• a protective coating is necessary, since porosity promotes rapid absorption of moisture (compositions with foam glass and expanded polystyrene do not have this disadvantage);
• compositions with organic components (sawdust, straw) are limited in use (only indoors);
• The insulation layer is thick, so it takes a long time to dry;
• some fillers are flammable (polystyrene).

Calculation of the thickness of the layer of warm plaster

To make such a calculation, use SNiP 02/23/2003.

Thermal conductivity of plaster is the ability of a material to conduct heat. If the room temperature is higher than the street temperature, then when the heating is turned off, the heat “leaves” outside through the walls (35%) and other structures. The intensity of heat loss depends on the area, thermal conductivity of the wall material, the difference between street and home temperatures, and other parameters. To quantitatively express the thermal conductivity of plaster coatings, λ is used - the thermal conductivity coefficient of the plaster (how much it is capable of conducting thermal radiation through an area of ​​1 m2, a layer 1 m thick with a difference of 1 ° C). For example, for plaster compositions the value of the coefficient λ in descending order (W/(m*°C)) is as follows:

• cement with sand – 0.93;
• cement-lime with sand – 0.87;
• lime with sand – 0.81;
• clay with sand – 0.69;
• gypsum – 0.35;
• clay with sawdust – 0.29;
• gypsum with perlite – 0.23;
• cement with perlite – 0.3.

The coefficient λ =1 means that the heat loss will be 1 W for a wall thickness of 1 m. If this figure is not 1 m, but 20 cm, then the heat loss will be 1: 0.2 = 5 W. If the temperature difference is not 1°C, but 6°C, then the losses will be higher: 5 x 6 = 30 W.

To determine the thermal resistance, use the formula R = d/λ, where λ (taken from the table), d is the thickness of the material.

For example, thermal resistance (R) for a foam concrete wall with a thickness of d = 51 cm

R=0.51/0.3=1.7 (m2*°K)/W.

From the table for external walls, take the standard value of their heat transfer resistance for the desired region. For example, for Moscow it is equal to 3.28 (m2*K)/W, which means that the calculated resistance of foam concrete in Moscow for the wall of a house is not enough. And for Sochi (1.79) too.

With thickness d

R=d/ λ or d=R* λ

Using this formula we calculate d = Ra* λ = 1.58 * 0.23 = 0.363 m or 363 mm. We are not satisfied with a plaster coating of such thickness, so using insulation would be optimal.

For Sochi d= (1.79-1.7)*0.23 = 0.021 m or 21 mm. In this case, for the Sochi region, the thermal conductivity of the plaster (gypsum-perlite) is quite sufficient.

Areas of application of warm plaster

Facade walls are not the only place where warm plaster is used for exterior work. It is used to insulate plinths, floors and ceilings, seal cracks, and insulate sewer risers, as well as water supply risers. In addition, it is used as insulation for garages and other auxiliary buildings.

The following varieties are produced according to application:

• finishing compositions
• for rough finishing.

Types of heat-insulating mixtures for plastering

Thermal insulation compositions are classified by the type of binder: gypsum, cement, etc., as well as by the type of insulating filler.

Straw based

The material used for a long time is insulating plaster made of clay with straw grain. Straw in clay coating acts as reinforcement and creates voids.

As a result, the plaster coating can be thicker without delamination or cracking. It is applied as a rough layer on the wall over shingles by hand. The coating is breathable, absorbing excess moisture from the air and returning it when the room is dry. Before application, the walls are moistened or sprayed with clay mash. The main disadvantage is the long drying time. The main advantage is a favorable microclimate and low cost.

Sawdust based plaster

Sawdust has long been used for home insulation. They covered the rubble and ceilings. They were added to clay and lime mixtures for coating walls. Sawdust retains heat better than wooden beams, since the thermal conductivity coefficient of sawdust is 0.06 - 0.07 W/(m2 °C), and wood - 0.18. In terms of heat retention, sawdust is much closer to polystyrene foam.

Compositions with sawdust can have a different mineral base - clay, gypsum (Armenian plaster: 3 parts of gypsum, 1 part of sawdust), cement and lime. The main application is indoors. Before mixing the composition, sawdust is sifted through a sieve with a cell diameter of 5 mm.

Polystyrene as filler

A type of polystyrene foam - expanded polystyrene - is used for various purposes, for example, as a filler for anti-stress toys, upholstered furniture, and sleeping pillows. The material is ultra-light (up to 98% air), does not absorb water, and is not food for microorganisms. Applicable in cement screeds for insulating floors (1:4:4 - cement/polystyrene granules/sand), and also as a heat-insulating leveling layer (1:3) laid under the screed.

Plaster mixtures with polystyrene are used for work on facades and indoors. They are produced on the basis of cement or cement with lime. Although they do not burn, they can release toxic substances when ignited.

Plaster mixture with the addition of foam glass

Small glass balls (up to 2 mm), which contain air bubbles that are not afraid of water, are perfect for use as a filler for warm plasters for facades. Such compositions are easy to install, retain heat well, and do not get wet.

Mixtures based on perlite, vermiculite and expanded clay

When volcanic lava frozen on the ground comes into contact with water, obsidian hydroxide is formed - porous round granules similar to pearls. Due to this, the hydroxide received the name pearlite. The granules have high porosity, which reaches 40%, and are capable of absorbing water 4 times more than their own weight (hygroscopicity is a disadvantage of such mixtures). For plaster composition (external and internal use), expanded perlite is more often used.

The mineral group of hydromicas contains vermiculite, consisting of small exfoliated scales of brown-golden color. When heated, vermiculite swells and fills with air. Used in lightweight concrete compositions and warm plaster mixtures. Has antiseptic properties. Perlite and vermiculite absorb odors and water well, so they need finishing plastering.

Expanded clay granules (crumbs) are produced by firing some low-melting types of clay. During firing, light, low heat-conducting granules of different sizes are formed. For warm facade plaster, granules up to 5 mm in diameter are used.

Basic rules for applying warm plaster

To make a truly heat-insulating plaster screen, you need to follow certain rules:

1. It is important to properly prepare the base.
2. To mix the dry mixture (SS), take the amount of water according to the instructions.
3. In a large container, mix the entire volume contained in the package with water, so it is guaranteed that each portion will contain the required proportion of components.
4. The SS is poured into the poured water, being careful not to create dust. The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes with a mixer at low speed (areas close to the sides and bottom are treated). Then give the solution 5 minutes to “ripen” and stir for another 2 – 3 minutes.
5. Work quickly, trying to use up all the solution before the end of its life. A solution that has begun to set for application to the wall is unsuitable.
6. Work is carried out at temperatures above +5°C, below +30°C. Drafts, direct exposure to sunlight and rain are not allowed. During facade work, a canopy is made.
7. Before plastering, turn off the power to sockets and switches.
8. Use safety glasses to protect your eyes.
9. Used beacons are removed after applying the solution. You cannot leave them in the wall, as they serve as cold bridges.
10. The use of primers is necessary to ensure adhesion sufficient to hold a thick plaster coating on the wall.
11. The insulating layer should be no thicker than 25 mm. If greater thickness is required, apply several layers intermittently to dry. The surface of the overlapping layers is not smoothed for better adhesion.

Making warm plaster with your own hands

Commercially available CCs are not cheap. There is an alternative. Craftsmen prefer to create warm plaster solutions with their own hands. All components can be purchased for almost nothing. Clay or lime can be used as a natural plasticizer. Liquid soap is also suitable, which is added at the rate of 2 - 3 spoons per 20 liters of mixture. You can purchase a hydrophobizing agent in the store (use according to the instructions).

We offer you several recipes for thermal insulation compositions.

Recipe 1. Mixture for facades:

• 1 part – cement from M400;
• 1 part – foamed polystyrene 1 – 3 mm;
• 3 parts perlite;
• 50 g – polypropylene fiber;
• plasticizer (add according to instructions).

Mix the dry ingredients and add enough water so that the solution has a paste-like consistency and does not run off the trowel.

Recipe 2. Indoor mixture:

• 1 part – white cement M400;
• 4 parts – filler (vermiculite or perlite);
• 50 g/bucket of cement - PVA glue or factory plasticizer (adhere to the proportion recommended by the manufacturer);
• water.

Recipe 3. Thermal insulation from perlite-sand mixture:

• 1 volume part of cement;
• 1 part sand;
• 4 parts perlite.

Recipe 4. Warm composition with sawdust and paper (for rooms and facades):

• 1 part – cement;
• 2 parts – paper pulp, soaked into porridge;
• 3 parts – sawdust;
• water.

Recipe 5. Lime-sawdust composition:

• 1 part sawdust;
• 10 – 15 parts of dry slaked lime;
• Water.

Lime is a strong biocidal agent that is not attacked by rodents, mold and mildew. Quicklime cannot be used with sawdust, since mixing produces a lot of heat. The solution has a short lifespan, so it needs to be produced quickly. The dry ingredients are mixed, then cement or other binder is added (if desired). Water is added last.

Recipe 6. Clay with sawdust and straw (for walls):

• 1 hour – clay;
• 2h. – sawdust (or sawdust with straw).

For ceilings and floors the proportion is 1:10. The solution has no shelf life, as water is simply added if necessary.

Video about preparing and applying warm plaster

Preparatory work

First of all, the wall must be properly prepared. The surface is cleaned of old peeling coating, dust-free and coated with primer. They also neutralize oil stains, remove old wallpaper and paint layers. Disinfect areas of mold and rot. Repairs cracks and potholes. On wooden surfaces shingles are nailed or a mesh is attached. Beacons are installed along the plumb line.

Do-it-yourself technology for applying warm plaster

Finish coating

1. The wall is moistened with a spray bottle.
2. The mortar is applied in a layer of up to 1 cm with a trowel or spatula, pressing the mortar mass against the wall to increase adhesion. This primary layer is not smoothed over. If the coating thickness is large, a recessed reinforcing mesh is applied to this layer.
3. The second and subsequent main layers (primer) are applied up to 2.5 cm thick. They are leveled (without trying to make them smooth) using a grater.
4. When the total thickness of the coating reaches 4 cm, a second reinforcing mesh is applied. The edges of the mesh sheets are overlapped with an overlap of 10 cm.
5. When the entire volume between the beacons is filled, the surface of the top layer is leveled by the rule.
6. After the top layer has set, the beacons are removed and the remaining grooves are filled with solution.
7. After the solutions have completely dried over rough coating finishing is applied.

Mixture consumption

As a rule, the manufacturer on the packaging reports the average consumption of a centimeter layer of the composition per 1 m2. The mixture consumption is calculated based on the planned thickness of the plaster coating. The following consumption indicators correspond to standard volumes:

• for 1 m2 with a layer of 2.5 cm you will need 10 - 14 kg;
• the same square 5 cm thick will take 18 – 25 kg.

Work on the reinforcing layer

The reinforcing plaster layer is intended for internal reinforcement of the coating large thickness, applying it to the facade insulation, at the joints of layers with different shrinkage characteristics, as well as in the case of plastering the building before its shrinkage is completed. For example, a reinforcing layer is made where part of the wall is made of gas silicate blocks, and part of it is made of brick. This section of the plaster coating must be reinforced. It is carried out using a plastic or fiberglass mesh, which has sufficient strength and is not afraid of internal alkaline environment insulating plaster coating. Reinforcement work is carried out inside the solution. A layer of the mixture is applied to the ceilings and walls, then the mesh is laid out and recessed. On the facade walls on top of the insulation, the reinforcement work is slightly different. First, the solution is applied in strokes, then the mesh is attached, and then plastered. They work with spatulas and polishers. When the layer is dry, on top of it in the usual way apply the next one.

Manufacturers and prices

The list of companies and the thermal insulation mixtures they produce is long. Popular ones:

• Umka UB-21 (Ecotermogroup company) is a warm plaster made of lime, cement, sand and foam glass for the northern regions, which requires finishing. With reinforcement, up to 10 cm is applied. Other insulating mixtures are UB-212, UF-2.

• Cement Knauf Grűnband is made with expanded polystyrene. The permissible layer is up to 30 mm.
• Unis Teplon has a gypsum-perlite composition that does not require finishing.
• Au Benputz Perlit based on Portland cement with perlite filler. You can't do without finishing.
• The Teplolux DeLuxe cement mixture retains heat using foam glass. It is also not final.
• Thermo Um is universal - used for facades and rooms. The mixture is hygroscopic.

Prices vary. On average, the price of 1 kg of dry mixture ranges from 11 to 21 rubles.

As practice shows, for the main areas of our country, heat-insulating plaster is not yet a panacea. However, its use allows not only to reduce heat loss, but also to reduce the noise level in the premises. For the southern regions, it is an excellent option for insulating houses.