People involved in construction often need to drill holes whose diameter is much larger than that of regular drill. Pave sewer riser through a concrete monolith, cut out a fragment strip foundation, do vent V reinforced concrete slab ceilings, drilling a wall made of brick or foam concrete - all this can be done with an existing installation at your disposal diamond drilling.

Diamond drilling is also called core drilling. This is a method of creating holes that allows material to be destroyed along a given circle, and not over the entire area of ​​the hole (as, for example, happens during drilling or perforation). Once drilling is complete, the internal fragment of drilled material is simply removed from the hole.

Currently, diamond drilling rigs of various formats can be purchased on the market. However, there is always someone who is ready to invent something of their own and at the same time share personal experience. Here, for example, is the installation assembled by a user of our portal weldcut.

Using her example, let’s consider design features homemade device. Schematically standard installation for diamond drilling it looks like this.

1. Bed with guides.
2. Power block ( powerful drill or electric motor).
3. Shank - a shaft that transmits rotation from the spindle to the diamond bit.
4. Diamond crown with crown tube.

bed

The bed is a kind of clamp with which the drilling rig is attached to the surface being drilled. At the same time, the bed serves as a frame on which the remaining elements of the device are hung. In the design of small manual settings the bed may be completely absent. Drilling is carried out manually, which significantly increases the labor intensity of the work.

The need to use a bed is determined by the diameter of the hole being drilled. For example, if the hole diameter is less than 40 mm, then the drill can be used without a stand.

Elkinn User FORUMHOUSE

My fighters drill vertical holes up to 50 mm without any stops. For this, a 2 kW machine is used. They just hold it with their hands. At the beginning of drilling, a jig is used. When drilling horizontal holes up to 40 mm, the mechanism is also held by hand. Holes are drilled up to 300 mm deep. Haven't had to do any more yet. Regular-sized guys are not giants. Just experience with several hundred holes each.

The design of the universal bed allows you to drill horizontal, vertical and even inclined holes in walls, ceilings and floors. There are two ways to securely attach the frame to the surface being drilled: using anchor bolts and using vacuum suction cups (the second method requires an ideal flat surface). In this case, the installation can be securely fixed on a horizontal surface under the influence of its own weight.

weldcut User FORUMHOUSE

Here is a photo of drilling a hole in a reinforced concrete wall of a septic tank (100mm). The device is not secured at all, but simply lies on the ground. I never took a bite.

The author of the design welded a durable metal frame, the main elements of which are made of pipes rectangular section. Restrictive dies are welded on the sides of the frame, which do not allow the upper part of the installation to leave the guides.

All this allows you to fix the installation using anchor bolts or not use fasteners at all (an installation drilled several centimeters into the material will no longer move away from the given direction).

Power block

In serial installations, a powerful drill is most often used as a power unit. Sometimes an electric or gasoline engine is used instead of a drill (gasoline is rarely used). The gearbox built into the unit provides rotation speed of the working shaft from 100 to 2700 rpm.

IN homemade installation, the design of which is presented on our portal, uses an electric motor from a concrete mixer. Its power is only 0.75 kW, and the cutter speed reaches 600 rpm. Torque is transmitted to the shank via a belt drive. The low engine power is compensated by the difference between the diameters of the drive pulleys. This allows you to drill into iron concrete walls ah holes with a diameter of up to 100 mm and above. Commercially available units have much greater electric motor power (from 1000 W and above). At the same time, their specifications are quite comparable with the characteristics of a homemade installation.

The shank body (a section of thick-walled metal pipe), the main function of which is to create a reliable support for the working shaft. It is into this that the support bearing for the shank is inserted. One bearing is used. The other end of the shank is welded to the bit body. This design is completely justified, because the shanks of serial installations also have one point of support, which is the electric drill chuck.

weldcut User FORUMHOUSE

The front bearing is not only unnecessary, but also harmful, because it requires a perfectly axis-centric shaft, which is difficult to achieve for an installation assembled on knees.

Diamond crown with pipe

Diamond crown – key element drilling rig. High-strength alloy, complete with brazed diamond segments, allows you to drill holes in concrete various diameters: from 4 to 400 mm (actually there are crowns with a diameter of 1400 mm or more, but these are intended for industrial installations). Installations capable of drilling holes over 150 mm in diameter are very rarely used at home. The design that our user assembled has a diamond crown with a diameter of 112 mm.

The average length of the crown (crown tube) varies from 400 to 450 mm. In each specific case, this size is selected based on the thickness of the structure being drilled.

Cooling the crown

In order to extend the life of the diamond bit, it must be cooled during operation. Work on forming holes can be done with or without coolant. In this regard, there are two methods of drilling holes: “dry” and “wet”.

Dry drilling is used when drilling porous materials: foam concrete, brick, etc. In this case, using coolant can only do harm. After all, saturated with moisture construction material loses its strength, which shortens its service life.

For dry drilling, special bits are used (with laser-welded diamond segments).

This method requires the use construction vacuum cleaner, which, after connecting to the installation, collects dust (generated in large quantities) and at the same time cools the cutting tool with an air flow.

Wet drilling allows you to drill harder and non-porous monoliths: concrete, densely reinforced concrete, etc. For wet drilling, bits with soldered cutting segments are used. If the brazing temperature reaches critical values ​​(approximately 600°C), the diamond bit will fail. In order to cool the cutting segments, water is continuously supplied to the diamond bit.

The design of serial units uses the following coolant supply scheme.

1. Diamond crown.
2. Body of the wall (floor).
3. Diamond core tube.
4. Adapter for connecting the crown to the shank.
5. Tube for supplying cooling (flushing) liquid.

User weldcut implemented a system for washing and cooling the crown as follows.

Mounted in the axial hole of the drive pulley copper tube, through which water flows by gravity into the internal cavity of the diamond crown. The water tank (ordinary canister) is installed on an elevated surface.

At high rotation speeds of the working shaft, it is very important to avoid interruptions in the water supply. This can lead to rapid overheating of the soldering joints.

Elkinn User FORUMHOUSE

Due to lack of wetting, the crowns fly - just hold...

Safety devices

While drilling hard materials the installation may be subject to large mechanical overloads (for example, if the crown is severely misaligned). In order to avoid unpleasant consequences, serial installations are equipped with safety couplings.

The homemade device presented on our portal is protected from overloads by a conventional drive belt, which, when biting the crown, simply slips on the pulleys.

Drilling technology

So that drilling occurs without complications, and the result is holes correct form, drilling rig Initially, you need to set the right direction.

First of all, the device should be correctly aligned relative to the structure being drilled. The installation can be ensured in the required position using an ordinary building level. A correctly positioned crown will easily enter the surface building structure, and in order for the tool to drill at a given point the first time, it is necessary to use a jig.

You can buy such a device, or you can make it yourself.

The glass of the diamond crown, in this case, is simply inserted into a fixed metal frame. After the bit enters the concrete, the frame is removed and drilling continues in the specified direction.

You can only remove the bit from the hole with the engine turned off!

As a means personal protection It is recommended to use waterproof gloves, earplugs and protective knee pads (may be needed when drilling vertically on floors).

§ E4-1-55. Drilling holes in iron concrete structures using a machine with diamond annular drills

Guidelines for application of standards

The standards provide for drilling vertical and horizontal holes V reinforced concrete structures with fittings class A-III with a diameter of up to 16 mm and from 16 to 40 mm with drills with a diameter of 20 to 160 mm to a depth of 200 mm or more, with or without the use of pressure water supply.

Technical characteristics of the machine

Type of machine: mobile
Productivity (speed of drilling vertical holes), mm/min 50-80
Maximum depth drilling, mm, not less:
vertical holes:
with extension 550
without extension 300
horizontal holes:
with extension 450
without extension 200
Spindle rotation speed, rpm 500-1350
Cooling water flow, l/min 4-6
Dimensions, mm
length 735-1440
width 510-650
height 1120-1200
Weight (without auxiliary devices), kg 95
total 130-140

Scope of work

Drilling using pressure water pipe

1. Installation, alignment and fastening of the machine (for vertical drilling - by installing a weight, for horizontal drilling - additionally with a spacer rod).
2. Connecting the machine to the electrical network.
3. Connecting the machine to the water supply network.
4. Drilling holes.
5. Core removal.
6. Replacing the drill.
7. Installation of extensions when drilling vertical holes to a depth of St. 300 mm, horizontal - 200 mm.
8. Disconnecting the machine from the electrical network.
9. Disconnecting the machine from the water supply network.
10. Moving the machine from hole to hole during vertical drilling at a distance of up to 50 m.
11. Moving the drill along a cylindrical column when drilling horizontal holes.

Drilling without the use of pressure water supply

The composition of the work is the same, with the exception of paragraphs. 3 and 9.

Squad composition

Hole driller 4 sizes. - 1
» » 3 » — 1

A. DRILLING VERTICAL HOLES IN STRUCTURES WITH REINFORCEMENT
UP TO 16 mm AND FROM 16 TO 40 mm USING PRESSURE WATER PIPELINE

Table 1

Diameter of fittings,	Drilling depth	Drill diameter, mm
mm	mm	20	25	32	40	50	60	80	100	125	160
Up to 16	200	3			3,2			3,4		3,7	4	1
		0,14	0,21	0,35	0,55	0,69	0,9	1,2	1,5	2	2,5	2
From 16	200	4,8	5,9		7,6			11		13	18	3
	Add for every 100 mm depth over 200 mm	1,3	1,6	2,6	3,4	4,4	6	7,6	9,8	14,5	15	4
		A	b	V	G	d	e	and	h	And	To	№

B. DRILLING HORIZONTAL HOLES IN STRUCTURES WITH REINFORCEMENT
WITH DIAMETER UP TO 16 mm USING PRESSURE WATER PIPELINE

table 2

Time standards and prices for 10 holes

Depth	Drill diameter, mm
drilling, mm	20	25	32	40		50	60	80	100	125	160
200	4,4			5,9			6,8	7,7	9	12		1
Add for every 100 mm depth over 200 mm	0,69	0,81	0,9	1,2				1,6	1,8	1,9	2,5	2
	A	b	V	G	d		e	and	h	And	To	№

B. DRILLING VERTICAL HOLES IN STRUCTURES WITH REINFORCEMENT
WITH DIAMETER UP TO 16 mm WITHOUT THE USE OF PRESSURE WATER PIPELINE

Table 3

Time standards and prices for 10 holes

Depth	Drill diameter, mm
drilling, mm	20	25	32	40	50		60	80	100	125	160
200	4,2			4,3				5,1		5,8	6,4	1
Add for every 100 mm depth over 200 mm	0,55		0,76	0,81	1,1			1,5	1,8	2,3	2,8	2
	A	b	V	G	d	e		and	h	And	To	№

D. DRILLING HORIZONTAL HOLES IN STRUCTURES WITH REINFORCEMENT
WITH DIAMETER UP TO 16 mm WITHOUT THE USE OF PRESSURE WATER PIPELINE

Table 4

Time standards and prices for 10 holes

Depth	Drill diameter, mm
drilling, mm	20	25	32	40	50	60	80	100	125	160
200	6,8			8,5		10		12	14	16	1
Add for every 100mm depth over 200mm	0,98	1,2	1,4		1,8		3	3,7	3,8	5,5	2
	A	b	V	G	d	e	and	h	And	To	№

Note. When drilling horizontal holes, the installation and rearrangement of scaffolding is not taken into account by the standards and is paid additionally: for 1 installation and rearrangement, accept N.v. 0.118 person-hour Calc. 0-10.2 (PR-1).

Diamond drilling rigs are designed for drilling holes in walls made of high-strength materials, marble, hard natural stone or reinforced concrete with a high degree of reinforcement. Drilling machines allow you to drill not only on flat, but also on embossed surfaces, at almost any angle. For cooling work surface water is used between the crown and the material being processed.

Diamond drilling is very different low level dynamic loads and vibrations. Thanks to this, the structure of the material in which drilling is carried out is not disturbed, and at the time of completion of the process it is not damaged external finishing walls. After drilling, no unnecessary cracks form in the wall, and the drilled core remains inside the crown and does not fall out onto the street with the risk of getting into the hood of someone’s car.

It takes 10-15 minutes to attach the drilling rig. The machine is attached anchor fasteners, or using a vacuum plate if it is not possible to use anchors. The material can be anything: brick, concrete or marble. A large number of reinforcement in reinforced concrete will not interfere with drilling and will not affect the quality of the finished hole, but will only affect the overall working time. You can find out the cost of services on the “Prices for diamond drilling” page.

Principle of diamond drilling, video

Areas of use:

• holes in the walls for installing split systems
• holes for heating risers, water supply, sewerage
• air ducts, vents for natural ventilation premises
• alternative way making openings in walls
• an alternative method for dismantling reinforced concrete structures

Advantages of the technology:

• high drilling speed
• high accuracy positioning
• low tool wear
• low energy and resource costs
• External wall decoration is not damaged
• no surface post-treatment required
• the core remains inside the crown, there is no debris
• minimum noise, dust and vibration

Dry diamond drilling

It is used where it is not possible to use water for cooling, for example, where there is a risk of flooding the lower floor, in rooms where Finishing work, next to the power grid. To collect dust, it is connected to the drilling machine industrial vacuum cleaner. When dry drilling, the speed of work is lower, and wear cutting tool higher, so the cost of work is higher.

Dry drilling, video:

Deep Diamond Drilling

Drilling machines allow you to drill holes up to several meters deep. First, a hole is drilled to the depth of the crown, and the core is knocked out. Then a crown with an extension is installed, the core is knocked out again, and another extension is installed. And so on until the desired depth is reached.

Angle drilling

Holes can be drilled not only perpendicular to the surface, but also at an angle to it. In this case, the diamond bit wears out more, and the work speed is lower, so the cost of such drilling is usually higher.

Angle drilling, video

Drilling openings

Often, for various reasons, it is impossible to make an opening using diamond cutting, for example:

• limited space
• low power electrical network on site
• lack of running water
• cuts from a large disc can change bearing capacity reinforced concrete structures
• large thickness of material, with small opening sizes

In such cases, you can drill an opening around the perimeter with a diamond core bit.

Diamond drilling price

Hole diameter, mm	Maximum depth, mm	Cost per 1 cm of drilling, rub
		Brick	Not reinforced concrete(FBS)	Reinforced concrete	Heavily reinforced concrete (monolith)
25-42	300-1000	20	24	26	36
52	1500	22	25	28	42
62-102	1500-3000	24	26	30	54
122-142	3000	30	38	44	56
152-170	3000	38	44	50	62
180-200	3000	46	50	56	68
250	3000	52	64	70	86
300	3000	58	78	80	100
325	5000	64	82	86	112
350	5000	70	88	94	130
400	5000	78	94	120	144
450	5000	86	120	132	162
500	5000	100	134	158	173

1 The minimum cost of drilling 1-2 holes is 6500 rubles. excluding equipment delivery (depending on the remoteness of the facility).
2 For drilling walls 50-80 cm thick or more, a magnification factor of 1.3 is applied.
3 Drilling at a height above 2.5 m or in cramped conditions, an increased coefficient of 1.3 is applied

Diamond drilling of holes in concrete is one of the most effective ways, and sometimes the only one. It is used to make through and blind holes in concrete, brick and reinforced concrete structures. It can also be used to process marble, granite and steel structures.

You can make holes in the walls in other ways, for example, with a drill and a hammer drill. But the first is only suitable for creating small holes, and the second cannot be used in all cases. The hammer drill emits strong vibration, and such work should not be carried out in residential areas. A drill bit will quickly become dull in concrete when drilling deep holes, and a jackhammer will not be able to break through reinforcing bars. That's why best method is considered diamond drilling. It can handle any building material.

Positive traits:

• Possibility of drilling at an angle of up to 45° and in hard-to-reach places.
• High speed.
• Obtaining precise and smooth holes in concrete that do not require additional processing.
• There is no vibration, which eliminates the possibility of cracks in concrete or other structures.
• Low noise level, making work possible in residential buildings.
• Drilling is possible in both horizontal and vertical foundations.
• A network with a voltage of 220 V is sufficient (not for all types).
• No dust (only when water is used).
• Possibility of drilling reinforced concrete structures.

TO negative aspects include expensive equipment for diamond drilling. Only an experienced person should use this tool. Frequent changes of consumables are also required. If water is used during drilling and a drainage system is not installed, then all the dirt will flow along the walls and floor. An industrial vacuum cleaner must be used for collection.

Drilling is carried out with a device consisting of a base, a stand, a motor (electric, gasoline) and. Precise and even drilling occurs thanks to the teeth on the crown made of technical diamond crystals. It equally easily drills both concrete and granite, and even more so gas- and foam concrete or brick.

Stages of work:

• The area where it is necessary to drill concrete is studied, or rather, the location is calculated electrical wiring and sewer systems.
• Determine the location and select the diameter of the diamond crown.
• The frame and equipment are being installed.
• All tools are checked for play and fixation.
• Connects to the water supply system.
• The launch is made and concrete drilling begins.

When might it be needed?

Technology diamond drilling carried out in the following cases:

• Creation of openings for ventilation, sewerage, and air conditioning.
• Installation of pipelines for water and gas.
• Installation of electrical wiring, fire protection system.
• Drilling for chemical anchors, sockets.

Average cost of work

The price of diamond drilling for concrete mainly depends on the diameter, number of holes and their depth. Other factors are also taken into account, such as the diameter of the drill. How bigger size a crown is required, the higher the price. Price per 1 cm drilling depth brick wall about 30 rubles less than concrete.

The highest prices for drilling holes non-standard sizes. In this case, several crowns are selected with different diameters and drilling is not done in one stage. If not consumables the right size, then you will have to order it and pay its entire cost. Drilling structures hydraulic equipment has even higher prices.

Before ordering such services, you should know what else can affect the cost of diamond drilling:

• drilling at heights or in hard-to-reach places;
• creating holes at an angle;
• bad weather conditions.

Prices also increase if there is no water supply or electrical network nearby.

The lowest prices are set for drilling holes for evaporator pipes - approximately 15 rubles per 1 cm or 1,500 rubles per linear meter.

Diameter, mm	Price per 1 cm, rubles
	Brick	Concrete	Reinforced concrete
25-52	17	19	21
62-72	18	22	24
112-122	23	27	33
152-162	31	35	37
302-325	49	59	69
402	87	95	125
502	113	133	157

If drilling holes in concrete is carried out without the use of water in a residential area, then the entire room and furniture must be covered with plastic film. This will make it much easier and faster to remove all the dust.

Another advantage of diamond drilling compared to conventional methods is that the holes are precisely sized and have smooth walls. This method is especially relevant when you need to prepare a place for installing equipment (machines, supports, etc.).

Hole cutting

If you need to make long grooves, openings for doors and windows, or expand old ones, remove defects, beams, diamond cutting is used. In this case, drilling occurs not with the help of a crown, but with a disk or rope, hence the name - disk wall saws and rope machines, as well as joint cutters. Just like drilling machines, this technique does not create vibrations. It can also be used when repairing residential buildings; the likelihood of cracks in walls made of concrete or other materials is completely eliminated. The cut after a diamond cut turns out absolutely even and smooth, no need for additional processing edges

Depending on the power and purpose, the equipment has different sizes. There is a convenient, compact, large equipment that is not used in residential buildings, but only during the construction or repair of non-residential ones. Diamond cutting is controlled either manually or automatically. The second option ensures complete safety for people, since no one is near the machine while working. Hand saws They are light in weight, so they can be easily operated by one person.

Seam cutters are used to create holes and grooves for laying various communications. No rail installation is required, which greatly simplifies the entire cutting process and time. Manually operated joint cutters can only cut to shallow depths, so there is no need to connect water to them. Automatic ones, on the contrary, make cuts larger than 12 cm, and necessarily require a water supply for cooling. The second option is considered the best, since no dust is generated during operation.

Handheld diamond cutting devices make holes in lightly reinforced materials, e.g. cellular concrete and bricks. Wall cutting machines are used for reinforced concrete structures, and the degree of reinforcement of the structure does not matter. A diamond blade will cut through any substrate.

cutting brick construction will cost an average of 6,000 rubles per m2, monolithic reinforced concrete - from 10,000, cutting a reinforced opening - from 36,000. Grilling walls for electrical wiring also depends on the material: in brick - from 250, concrete - from 350, reinforced concrete - from 400 rubles per linear metre.

1. Technology of drilling concrete structures using diamond tools. Diamond drilling of holes in concrete structures with a diameter of 24-500 millimeters, a thickness of up to 2500 millimeters. Methods for drilling holes in concrete structures and reinforced concrete: walls, partitions, ceilings. In photo 1: diamond drilling in Ramenskoye, drilling out a ventilation vent in the foundation, M300 concrete, density 2700 kilograms per cubic meter. The main points of the technology for drilling holes in concrete, reinforced concrete and brick using a non-impact method using specialized diamond tools.

• The experience of a hole drilling specialist is 12 years.
• High-quality diamond tools for drilling concrete structures.
• Features of wet drilling and cutting of reinforced concrete.

Drilling holes in concrete structures - list of services.

2. Master of diamond drilling of holes in concrete structures [+7- 985-000-76-50] - drilling holes in reinforced concrete, structures made of construction concrete, brickwork. In the photo: diamond drilling in Ramenskoye, drilling a hole in a reinforced concrete structure 320 millimeters thick, concrete grade M400. List of works for drilling holes using a Hilti DD-350 diamond drilling rig: holes for ventilation, vents in concrete foundations, drilling nests for socket boxes, holes in concrete walls for engineering communications, drainage lines, power supply cables, freon lines of air conditioning systems and much more. Related works: diamond cutting of concrete with discs - a Husqvarna K-760 manual diamond cutter with discs 240 millimeters in diameter is used.

Drilling holes in concrete structures - technology.

3. Photo 2: diamond drilling of a concrete structure, the city of Ramenskoye, May 2010. The technology for drilling concrete using diamond tools is as follows: the diamond segments of the bit cut the concrete, and there are absolutely no impacts on the reinforced concrete structure. The accuracy and cleanliness of the cut of a reinforced concrete structure is due to the difference in the strength of the diamond segment of the crown and building concrete; diamond is 10 times harder than silicon. Due to the absence of vibration effects on the structure of the concrete product, the method of diamond drilling and cutting holes is widely used in civil engineering.

Diamond drilling of holes in concrete structures - Ramenskoye.

4. Diamond drilling in Ramenskoye using a Hilti DD-200, Hilti DD-350 unit using wet technology. The city of Ramenskoye, the administrative center of the Ramenskoye district, locality is located 30 kilometers southeast of Moscow. Over 12 years of diamond drilling practice in Ramenskoye and surrounding settlements of the Ramenskoye region, about 3,400 holes were drilled in concrete structures of various diameters and purposes. In addition, work was carried out in SNT nearby Ramenskoye: “Druzhba”, “Strela”, “Textilshchik-1”, “Spring”. The high growth rates of individual low-rise construction in Ramensky and Ramenskoye districts have led to a stable demand for the service of diamond drilling of holes in reinforced concrete structures, as well as cutting and drilling of concrete in Ramenskoye.

Diamond cutting of concrete structures - holes, openings, niches.

5. Diamond cutting of concrete structures is a technology for processing concrete and reinforced concrete products, interconnected with diamond drilling. brickwork. The structures are cut using diamond discs of various diameters; the cutting depth can reach 400 millimeters or more. Photo 3: diamond drilling of concrete in Domodedovo, a hole with a diameter of 240 millimeters for the installation of external utilities. The most popular work on azed cutting of concrete structures: manufacturing doorways in dimensions 900 millimeters wide, 2100 high, widening of openings, manufacturing decorative niches and recesses in the walls, cutting technological openings for various purposes. Associated works: diamond chipping of concrete and dismantling of reinforced concrete structures.

Diamond drilling of concrete and reinforced concrete in Domodedovo.

6. Diamond drilling in Domodedovo and Domodedovo district of the Moscow region. Domodedovo is another settlement in the Moscow region where work is being done to make holes in concrete structures. Range of services provided: drilling of strip, monolithic, slab foundations, cutting and drilling of concrete walls, dismantling work, correction of defects when pouring construction formwork and similar work. For information about Domodedovo: the distance to the Moscow Ring Road is 38 kilometers, the population is 110 thousand people, the main microdistricts of the city: Barybino, White Stolby, Northern, Central, Western. In Domodedovo, active development is underway in suburban areas and nearby SNT.