For exterior finishing facade or interior spaces At home, block houses are often used. The material is a modified lining, the front surface of which has cylindrical shape. Despite the excellent characteristics of the material, the quality of the cladding and its durability will largely depend on how the block house is mounted.
It should be immediately noted that the procedure for attaching the panels itself is not something overly complicated, especially since the same dimensions and the presence of grooves and tenons on the edges of the board greatly simplify this task. However, there are several rules, the implementation of which can be considered the answer to the question of how a block house is attached.
Preparing the block house for installation
As always, any action must be prepared in advance. So the fastening of a block house begins with preparatory operations. Before starting work, boards intended for installation must be kept for several days in the room where they will be installed in the future to gain the appropriate humidity. It will be useful to treat the bars with an antiseptic before installation.
The blockhouse is attached to the sheathing created on the walls. She represents wooden blocks, with a certain step installed on the surface to be covered. The most important requirement that must be met during installation is that the house block must be secured with the tenon facing upward. This is done in order to avoid the accumulation of moisture in the grooves during operation. The sheathing is leveled and plumb, otherwise you may end up with crooked walls.
When installing the board to the wall from below and above the cladding, a technological gap of about fifty millimeters is left for natural ventilation. In addition, it is necessary to leave a gap of one to three millimeters between the boards to avoid deformation during seasonal fluctuations in temperature and humidity.
Which fastener to use
You can fasten the boards with nails and self-tapping screws. Which fastener is best to use for a blockhouse is determined depending on the board used. If its thickness does not exceed 21 mm, then you can use nails, if more, then it is better to use self-tapping screws.
The main thing to consider when choosing fasteners is its coating and length. It is necessary to use fasteners with an anti-corrosion coating (galvanized, anodized, etc.). This is necessary in order to avoid traces of corrosion on the block house during operation. The length of the fastener should be at least one and a half times the thickness of the material.
How the block house will be positioned when attached - vertically or horizontally - is determined by the interior, the purpose of the finishing and personal preferences. Typically, a house block when covering facades is positioned horizontally, creating an imitation of a log house. For interior decoration, a vertical arrangement of boards is often used. In a similar way, boards are often mounted when finishing baths and saunas; in this case, water does not accumulate in the grooves of the boards.
As a fastening element, special brackets are often used - block house clamps. You can clearly see how they look in the photo:
This installation method is most often used for interior decoration, when narrow and thin boards are used.
Mounting methods
You can start installing panels on the sheathing either from the top or from the bottom. There can be several ways to do this, and therefore, how to properly attach a block house, everyone chooses for themselves, whichever is more convenient for them.
One of the most common methods is in the tongue (groove) of the board. How this is done can be seen in the drawings and photos:
With this method fastening element is covered by the next board and becomes invisible. In the pictures this is done using a nail, but a self-tapping screw can be used instead; how this is done can be seen in the photo:
You can use another option - how the block house is attached in this case is shown in the figure:
This method of fastening can be slightly changed, then the self-tapping screw is not located at the base of the tenon, but directly on cylindrical surface, and in this case two self-tapping screws are used - one is located at the tenon, the other at the groove. This method is used for particularly thick boards, more than forty millimeters thick. Only for self-tapping screws, you must first drill holes with a diameter larger than the screw head, and then additionally close the holes with a plug.
If a clamp is used for installation, the fastening must begin from the top. What it looks like is clear from the given figure and photo:
Before attaching the house block to the sheathing, it is necessary to connect the boards together through a tongue-and-groove system. To do this, one board is inserted with a tenon into the groove of another. If necessary, by lightly hitting the edge through an intermediate block with a hammer, the boards are tightly connected. For example, the video below will show all the operations on how to attach a block house with the necessary details:
As mentioned earlier, this is not the only installation method. Additional Information how to mount a house block - video:
Joining surfaces and finishing corners
When performing installation and fastening of a house block, you will certainly have to face a situation where you have to install it on different walls or connect boards along the length. This is a completely solvable situation, and there are several options for connecting a block house. When docking in a corner ( outside corner) To do this, you need to make a cut at 45° or use the outer corner. As the latter, you can use slats. You can see what it looks like in the photo:
Docking in a corner (internal corner) is more difficult; to do this, it is necessary to join the end of the board very precisely, respecting the surface topography, with the board on the opposite wall, as shown in the photo:
For a more complete understanding of the entire technology in the video:
shows how the joining of a house block in the corners is performed.
Each master, of course, has his own techniques, but we can recommend a less labor-intensive and simpler way to design a corner. In this case, a block is nailed into the corner, and already at a right angle to it with different sides block house is suitable. The entire fastening operation is much easier and faster.
The joining of boards is carried out in approximately the same way when there is not enough length. In this case, short boards are used, with a block between them, as shown in the photo. Of course, such a connection is more noticeable than in the case when adjacent boards are sawn at 45° for joining, but it is done quickly and does not have a negative impact on the overall impression of the cladding.
If the block house is mounted in premises with a predominance high humidity, then it is necessary to ensure a constant flow of air from the opposite side of the casing for natural ventilation.
The described methods of fastening panels are carried out for finishing both the facade and the interior. For external cladding, thicker house block panels are used, and they are secured with self-tapping screws; for internal cladding, thinner boards are used and it is possible to use both nails and clamps.
Block house is a modern wood product that is used for outdoor and interior decoration walls of the house. This element is installed quickly and easily due to the presence of a groove and a tenon in the end longitudinal part. In principle, the technology for installing a wooden panel inside and outside a house is not much different. Of course, there are similar products on sale from other materials (steel, polymers), which are attached in a slightly different way, but many home owners prefer wood panels, so in our article we will tell you how to sheathe a house with a block house.
Material requirements
First of all, you need to choose a quality and durable material that is suitable for exterior finishing. As a rule, the manufacturer packs the panels in shrink film, so in order for you to clearly inspect the product and evaluate its quality, the packaging will have to be opened.
To sheathe the outside of your house, you need only high-quality panels, so you should not purchase products that have the following defects:
- there should be no dark knots on the front surface;
- deep cracks are not allowed;
- there should be no mold or rot;
- blued wood is also a reason to refuse the purchase.
Important: quality product for exterior finishing, the size of the tar should be no more than 0.8 cm in width and no more than 0.2-0.3 cm in depth.
Also, when choosing high-quality material, you should pay attention to the location of the annual rings. Since dense wood is more suitable for exterior decoration, it is worth choosing products on which tree rings located as close to each other as possible. This material is characterized high quality, excellent density and good moisture resistance.
Materials and tools
Having purchased a block house, the installation of which is carried out without the use specialized tools and accessories, you can handle it yourself. Self-tapping screws are usually used to fix the boards, so you will need an electric drill for the job.
In addition, it is more convenient to install house block panels using clamps. For the production of these fasteners, galvanized steel is used, so the elements are corrosion resistant, which is very important for maintaining a beautiful appearance wood A kleimer is a flat plate with a protruding tongue. The product has slots for installing screws. The panel is secured and held in place by this tab.
Important: the house block can be installed using clamps with a height of at least 6-7 mm. If you have a choice between self-tapping screws and clamps, then preference should be given to the latter.
Advantages of using clamps:
- Using clips, panels can be fixed without the risk of deformation and cracking.
- Thanks to the use of such fasteners, the joints of the panels will be almost invisible. As a result, the outer finishing layer will be more beautiful.
- Installing a block house will be much faster, because screwing in the screws will take more time.
Buying fastenings for a block house in the form of clamps is based on the calculation that for every 10 squares of sheathing you will need 200 clamps. However, such high consumption does not mean that you will have to spend a lot on the purchase. The price of fasteners is quite affordable.
When covering a house with a block house, you will have to cut some panels into shorter elements, so you will need a power saw for the job. However, if the amount of work is insignificant, then you can easily get by with a regular hacksaw with fine teeth.
Tip: if desired, you can use a house block for cutting circular saw. However, the cutting disc must be free of carbide tips, which can cause an uneven cut.
When covering your house with a blockhouse, you should not forget about its insulation. Can be used as insulation mineral wool. This material has good heat and sound insulation characteristics. You can also choose other types of mineral wool-based insulation.
Attention: you should avoid using foam plastic as insulation due to low vapor permeability and poor combination with wood. In addition, polystyrene foam supports combustion.
You will also need timber to make the sheathing frame to which the trim will be attached. The dimensions of the timber should be chosen taking into account the thickness thermal insulation material. In addition, the cladding of a house with a block house is carried out using steam and waterproofing membrane. A vapor barrier material is needed to protect the insulation from the accumulation of condensation in it, and waterproofing will protect against atmospheric moisture. As a vapor barrier, you can take ordinary glassine, a special modern membrane material, or a traditional perforated film. For waterproofing, ordinary polyethylene film is ideal.
Preparatory activities
Before attaching the block house, all wooden elements must be treated with an antiseptic compound. In addition, to protect against fire, it is recommended to treat with fire retardants.
Before covering brick, aerated concrete or wooden house outside the house block you should do the following:
- First it is attached to the walls vapor barrier material. The strips of material are fixed horizontally with an overlap of 10-15 cm. For fixation, you can use a stapler or staples.
- Next, we install timber sheathing on the walls. For attaching the frame to wooden house you can use screws or nails, and for brick or aerated concrete surface Frame dowels will do. The installation step of the timber should be selected taking into account the width of the slabs of heat-insulating material.
- We place thermal insulation material in the space between the sheathing.
- Next, it is attached on top of the insulation waterproofing film. It is fixed to the sheathing using staples or a stapler.
- After this, we attach another sheathing to the main frame. It is needed for the formation ventilation gap behind the panels of the block house. This will protect the material from rotting and damage. It is to this sheathing that the facing elements will be attached.
Installation of panels
Do-it-yourself installation of a block house is carried out in the following sequence:
- Installation of panels begins from the bottom corner of the house. In this case, the house block is mounted horizontally with the groove down.
- To fix the panels using clamps, the fastening element is attached to the sheathing so that the panel tenon fits into the clamp legs. If you use self-tapping screws, you will first need to drill holes in the board. The fastener installation step is 400 mm. The self-tapping screw is screwed into the tenon of the board at an angle of 45 degrees.
- Next, the groove of the next facing element is put on the tenon of the previous board. Installed panel again fixed to the sheathing with clamps. Thus, the installation of the finishing continues until the entire facade is covered.
For finishing external and internal corners you will need special ready-made elements. These are factory-made polymer products, similar to those used to decorate walls with siding. However, when using them there is a significant drawback - the panel fits tightly to the profile only in top point, as a result, there will be unclosed gaps in the finishing in the corners. In principle, this can be considered a significant drawback.
That is why it is better to use planed timber with a cross section of 0.5x0.5 dm to decorate the corners. It is attached to both walls in the corner area before covering. Next, the panels in this place are cut from the end at 45°. Thus, the boards on the walls adjacent to the corner are butted end to end without the slightest gap. This method can be used when decorating internal and external corners.
Additional points
Sometimes the panels are fixed to the sheathing directly through the front surface. In this case, visible recesses with the fastener head remain, which can be hidden in the following ways:
- From the scraps of elements, you can cut plugs according to the dimensions of the hole. Next, the plugs are glued into the recesses using adhesive composition PVA. After it dries, the surface is sanded.
- You can purchase ready-made plugs, which are sold in construction stores. At the same time, you can find plugs on sale different color, so you can easily select a product to match the color of your finish. PVA glue is also used to fix these plugs.
- You can also close the recesses from installing fasteners using a special wooden paste. You can prepare such a paste yourself from sawdust and an adhesive composition, for example, PVA. The prepared composition should be quite thick. The holes in the panels are filled with this mixture. After it dries, the surface of the board is sanded. This method is the simplest and least expensive, but it is very difficult to prepare a paste that exactly matches the color facing material, therefore, even after grouting, the installation sites of fasteners may be slightly noticeable.
Video instructions for self-installation house block:
Finishing the facade of the house or cladding interior walls require a material that will not only protect building structure from destruction, but will also decorate the building. Many fit these parameters finishing materials, different in shape, size, performance properties.
In private one-story construction for facade arrangement, preference is often given to wooden, metal or vinyl panels block house. This article will discuss what a block house is and how to install it.
Block house is quality material for cladding facades and walls inside the building. In shape it resembles a rounded log, sawn into two equal halves.
The quality of processing is much higher than that of ordinary wooden logs. For device interior partitions panels are used that simulate a full-fledged construction timber. Covering a house with a sidehouse means getting a complete imitation wooden building in the old Russian style.
Kinds
Block house panels are made of wood, metal or plastic (PVC).
Wooden
Widely used in decoration country houses and cottages. Wood block-house creates a complete imitation of a log structure. The main indicator is the quality of the wood. There are top-class panels without knots and cracks from the best varieties wood They are distinguished by their high cost.
You can choose a cheaper option made from lower class wood. Then there will be chips, cracks, and knots on the surface. The quality of processing is noticeably lower.
A wooden block house is an environmentally friendly and safe material for the human body that can be used to decorate any facade. Installation of elements must be carried out with extreme caution, as the wood may crack. Wooden facade must be treated with an antiseptic to inhibit decay processes, as well as maintain a satisfactory appearance.
Metal
Imitation of wooden beams from bent metal profiles. It can only be used to decorate facades; it is not intended for cladding interior spaces. A metal block house is often used to construct facades covered with insulation.
The cost of the material is much lower than wood. The metal block house is very durable. It protects the facade from all types of destruction. Does not deform from moisture, belongs to the class of fire-resistant materials.
Installing a metal block house is much easier to do with your own hands than installing wooden cladding.
Upon closer inspection, the façade of a metal block house looks worse than a wooden one. The sheets quickly heat up in the sun, increasing the temperature inside the building.
PVC
They are used when you need to get a facade similar to wood, but for less money. The PVC block house has a duller color. The panels do not need to be further impregnated with antiseptic. They can sheathe dilapidated and emergency facades. They are not destroyed by moisture and ultraviolet rays. PVC block houses are easy and quick to install and are not afraid of open fire. They are distinguished by a huge selection of colors.
The panels are installed not just end-to-end, but taking into account deformation gaps. This can be difficult for inexperienced installers. Seasonal temperature changes can lead to damage to the integrity of the PVC panel sheathing.
Installation of block house
All types of panels are mounted on wooden or metal carcass. There are differences in the method of attachment. Wooden elements snap into a special lock, it is almost impossible to make a mistake.
Between metal and PVC panels it is necessary to leave a deformation gap. With its help, temperature changes in the size of the facade are leveled. To increase the energy efficiency of the building, a layer of mineral insulation can be inserted between the wall and the cladding.
In addition to the block house panels themselves, many additional elements and frame parts are used to construct the facade:
- Lathing. Support frame comprises metal profile CD 27x54 or wooden beam with a section of 50x50, 60x60 mm. To attach the profile to the wall, I will use U-shaped hangers.
- Corner panels. Used to obtain neat joints of ordinary block house panels on internal and external corners building. Used to complement metal and vinyl facades.
- Slopes, ebbs. The ebbs are made of galvanized steel. The size is selected individually for each window. Often sills are installed together with plastic or wooden window structures.
- Door frames. Close the gap between door frame and a wall. Platbands are selected for a specific door. Can be wooden, metal, plastic.
- Insulation. For covering wooden or brick house outside the block house can be used
- Vapor barriers. Film based is used. One or two coats are required. It releases steam in one direction without allowing water to return
- Fasteners. To attach the hangers to the wall, you need a 40-60 mm self-tapping dowel. The profile is connected to the hangers using metal screws with a 25-40 mm drill.
The panels are attached to the sheathing in three ways:
- On nails - for panels with a thickness of no more than 20 mm. The nail is driven into the ridge or body of the element.
- Self-tapping screws are the most common mounting option. Only galvanized screws are used. If you use conventional ones, then smudges will appear on the facade due to corrosion of fasteners.
Clamps are clamps for fixing block house panels at the bottom or top. The clamps are attached to the profile using self-tapping screws.
How to calculate the consumption of a house block and additional elements
The number of block houses is calculated based on the surface area for finishing. To simplify the calculation methodology, you can not subtract windows and doors from the total area. Then you don’t need to add 10% for cutting the material.
The frame is calculated based on the height of the facade. The standard profile installation pitch is 500-600 mm. The vertical installation pitch of U-shaped hangers is 600-1000 mm. For each suspension you need to lay 3-4 self-tapping dowels. To connect the profile to the suspension you need 2-3 metal screws.
Additional elements are considered linear meters or finished units.
Preparing tools for work
To avoid delays and downtime during the installation of block house panels, you must carefully prepare the tools:
- Laser level, building level, measuring tape, plumb line, mason's string, marker or chalk.
- Grinder with metal discs, hacksaw, jigsaw, metal scissors.
- Hammer, screwdriver, screwdriver, mallet with rubber knob.
For a specific block house made of metal, wood or plastic, not all tools from the list may be needed. This is a combined list for all three options.
Preparing the outside of the house for paneling with a block house
Preparation begins with a visual inspection. If the house is made of wood, then Special attention need to pay attention to lower crowns. What condition are they in, is there any fungus?
Stone houses are inspected for cracks in brickwork and their character. If the cracks are through and cross several rows of masonry, then there are problems in the foundation. brick wall can be treated with an antiseptic.
It is necessary to remove all hanging elements from the facade and install wiring for external lighting.
Installation of sheathing
Block house is produced in special panels equipped with spikes and grooves, so finish the walls ... Available in a variety of colors and easy to use installation. Possess light weight, so there is no significant load on foundation of the house. However, these panels are...Natural traditional building materials have always been in fashion. At the same time, they have a lot of disadvantages and are not always convenient to use, which became the reason for refusing to use them.
However, there is a way to achieve the appearance of a home that looks like a building made from traditional materials, but is actually siding that imitates a certain texture. In this way you can repeat the brick or masonry, timber or log house using appropriate types of cladding.
The result has a high degree of realism, but is devoid of the disadvantages of traditional materials and is capable of performing, in addition to decorative, also additional functions protection from mechanical influences and very important function removing water vapor or, more simply, drying the wall material. One type of such cladding is a block house.
Block house - material for external cladding, externally repeating a log house. To achieve this, each panel has a relief corresponding to the visible part of the log in the masonry. In cross section it is a segment of a circle. back side equipped with several longitudinal grooves that serve to compensate for expansion when humidity changes.
The side edges have a tongue and groove on opposite sides, with the help of which the sheathing fabric is assembled. This is what it looks like classic look house block, which is made from wood. The material has the natural color of the wood from which it is made and does not differ in the variety of colors.
However, during operation it is necessary to apply protective coating, which is periodically updated or changed, which allows you to change the color of the walls from time to time, keeping the cladding intact.
There are later options - . They are variants of conventional siding, the shape of the relief of which corresponds to the texture log wall. There are one- and two-wave samples with a single or double relief texture. They have their own specifications, characteristic of siding made of vinyl or galvanized steel and completely different from a wooden block house.
These materials are united only by their shape; the cladding of a wooden, vinyl or metal block house looks almost the same (with the exception of the color of the canvas, which can differ significantly from one to another) different types), installation method and operational requirements are different.
Wood species used for cladding
Natural block house is made of wood. The most common breeds I use are:
- Pine. The most common type of wood in our country. Light weight, relatively clean structure. Various defects, blue discoloration, and resin pockets are often encountered.
- Larch. Dense wood with expressive texture. Has relatively heavy weight, resistant to mechanical stress. Prone to geometry changes when stress increases during drying.
- Spruce. Relatively light and soft breed, characterized by a large number of knots. Of all the conifers, it is the least used.
In addition to conifers, there is material from deciduous trees:
- Birch. The densest and heaviest. Easily releases and gains moisture. Durable, easy to process and polish.
- Alder. The wood is clean and relatively soft. Relatively resistant to atmospheric moisture. There are few defects and flaws. The weight of alder panels is light.
- Linden. Clean and light wood with low weight. Low density, soft. Requires careful handling and mandatory prompt application of a protective coating.
When purchasing, you should pay attention to the type of wood from which the block house is made, since each type of wood has its own characteristics that you need to know about. For example, conifers contain a certain amount of resin, which to some extent preserves the material, slowing down the accumulation and removal of moisture.
Hardwood, on the contrary, quickly gains or easily releases moisture, but this continues until the time of final aging. If the material is immediately coated with a protective paint layer, the aging process of the wood slows down, but contact with moisture also stops, preserving the structure of the material in its original state.
To protect wood, a thick surface layer is not as important as deep impregnation array with materials such as drying oil or special impregnating oils. Their composition may be incompatible with some types of varnishes or paints, which should be taken into account when choosing a topcoat.
Methods of fastening wooden cladding
Installation of wooden panels is carried out different ways, of which the main ones can be identified:
Fastening with nails or screws through the front surface. The fixation is strong and reliable, but visible nail or screw heads significantly degrade the appearance of the sheathing.
Hidden mount. The nail or screw is screwed through the tenon; after installing the next panel, the head is hidden inside the groove. The method makes it possible to hide the heads of the fasteners, but there is a danger of splitting the tenon or creating an obstacle to the tight assembly of the panels.
Sometimes they use the technique of driving nails (screwing screws) at an angle, which eliminates interference during assembly, but in practice this method is quite complicated, and the panels often end up split.
Fastening panels to clamps (clasps). Most good option. The panel is not exposed to any impact. The clamp is attached to the sheathing (installation over insulation is possible). It has a special bracket that grips the bottom of the groove and firmly presses the panel to the base, and installing the next panel closes the clamp from view.
It turns out completely hidden mount, which does not destroy the body of the panel and does not threaten the appearance of cracks, chips or dents. This installation does not require any special skills; all actions are simple and intuitive.
NOTE!
For installing a wooden block house, the most convenient way is a lathing made of wooden planks, which is more accessible for screwing screws at any angle and allows the use of nails.
Methods of fastening other types of block houses
In addition to wood, vinyl and metal panels. The installation method for both types is exactly the same and does not have many options, since siding has a strictly regulated installation procedure that does not allow changes.
The design of the panels consists of a convex part - a wave, a locking part and a nail strip. The last two elements are invisible, they serve to fix the panel on support system. The locking part snaps into the corresponding profile of the previous panel or into starting bar, and the nail strip, which has many oblong mounting holes, is attached to the sheathing using self-tapping screws.
In this case, the main condition must be met: the screws are not screwed in all the way, the panel must be able to move within the hole in both directions without resistance. The screws are tightened strictly perpendicular to the surface and exactly in the middle of the hole so that the power reserve in both directions is the same. This is done so that the panel can change its position when heating or cooling.
Unlike a wooden block house, vinyl and metal samples have a high coefficient of thermal expansion, so it is necessary to take this into account during installation and leave the possibility of slight movement.
It is not possible to change the installation method. Firstly, the mounting holes must have a certain form, fastening through ordinary drilled hole will deprive the panel of the ability to move, and this is fraught with undesirable consequences. Secondly, in any other place the head of the screw will become visible, which will ruin the appearance of the canvas.
CAREFULLY!
Before starting installation, you should read the instructions that come with the material in order to understand the installation method for this type of panel or possible individual characteristics material.
Installation of a block house depends entirely on the type of material. Traditional wooden panels have several acceptable installation options that do not affect the performance of the material. The craftsman will need to have certain skills in working with wood (for sawing joints at 45°, etc.). Vinyl or metal types require compliance with specific rules, which cannot be changed without deteriorating performance or appearance.
The procedure for installing siding is described in detail in the instructions that are included with the material upon sale. It should be carefully studied to avoid mistakes.
Useful video
Another interesting method of attaching panels:
In contact with
Abroad the term " block house» applies to all types frame structure, allowing you to quickly assemble from blanks residential building. But it just so happened that we began to call only one type of block house building material simulating wooden beam. The starting material is usually inexpensive conifer. The board undergoes heat treatment - deep drying, as a result of which almost all the moisture evaporates, its content is reduced to 15%. After this, the house block becomes lightweight, suitable for cladding with your own hands, it is resistant to rotting, fungus, and does not curl over time. In fact, it is created from natural raw materials, which is suitable for cladding the external and internal walls of a building.
Decorating a room with a block house with your own hands
You can simply insert treated timber between the panels.
The second method is more complicated, but the angle is extremely beautiful.
