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If you want to build on your garden plot beautiful and a simple gazebo, but don’t know where to start, maybe this article will help you.

Before you begin construction, you need to decide what your gazebo will look like. There are a lot of options for such designs. This and closed gazebos, and open, square and polygonal, single or gable, hipped and spherical, small and large, with or without a stove, made of brick, wood or metal, glass or polycarbonate.

Option 1.

Option 2.

Option 3.

Option 4.

Option 5.

As you can see, various types there are a lot of gazebos. Therefore, it is necessary to choose for yourself the most optimal option that would meet your needs and capabilities.

Below, we will look at how to build a simple garden gazebo made of wood with your own hands. For example, let's take another beautiful option:

Before starting construction, you will need to draw a sketch with all dimensions, taking into account the type of roof. Therefore, instead of a single-pitched one, you can make a gable or square one.

According to the sketch made, we purchase required material in the required quantity.

When everything is ready, you can begin construction. Since the gazebo is stationary and quite bulky, it is necessary to make a foundation for it.

We start by marking the perimeter in the chosen location using pegs and rope.

After this, we dig a hole 90 cm, fill it with sand or stones and fill it with solution.

In advance, before the concrete has hardened, we install anchors to secure the vertical posts. After the foundation has completely dried, we first attach the racks themselves.

Having installed the racks, we assemble the frame itself. We start doing it from the bottom trim. For this we use wooden beam, laying it every 40-50 cm. After this, we install all the other frame racks, which should hold the upper trim and the roof. The number of such racks depends on the size of the gazebo.

Once the frame is ready, you can cover the floor with boards. You can attach it to the sheathing using both nails and self-tapping screws.

The next stage of construction is installing the roof. To do this, we first make the top trim. The material for it will be timber, which is attached to the supports with bolts or nails. For greater strength, you can use corner fastening.

The roof itself is made depending on the chosen shape. Basically this is a one, two or hip roof. If you decide to do hipped roof, then the installation of its rafters will be slightly different from that for a gable roof. The main rafters are attached in pairs, and for the strength of the structure, you can also add auxiliary ones, which are attached both to the top frame and to the main rafters.

After this, we sheathe the roof with the selected roofing material, and also sew up the gazebo itself as provided in the sketch.

DIY gazebo from scrap materials

Good gazebos are made not only from building materials, but also from scrap materials. The main thing is that there is desire and imagination. And what is the material at hand? In general, we can say that this is all that is no longer any good. This includes construction waste and old window frames, plastic bottles and much more that sometimes litters a summer cottage. Of course, using such waste you still cannot do without special building materials. However, a gazebo built in this way will be much more original, such as these

If there are a lot of unnecessary tree trunks on your site that you just can’t get rid of, then they can also be used.

Products made from plastic bottles are quite original. This “good” is enough to even build a house out of them.

You don’t have to bother with building materials at all, but use climbing plants for the gazebo.

Finding croakers and old dry logs will probably not be difficult. A gazebo made from this material looks quite good.

If there is a pond near you and a lot of reeds grow on it, then it can also be used to create a gazebo.

In general, there are many options, if only you have the desire, as they say. Even an old car that will never run again can work too.

Gazebo made from a profile pipe for a summer residence (photos and drawings)

The metal structure is the most common after the wooden one. Typically, a profile pipe and polycarbonate are used for its construction. But you can also sheathe it with wood.

As with the construction of any other gazebo, you need to start with a drawing. For construction from profile pipe it has important also because you indicate in the drawing the dimensions according to which you will subsequently have to cut the material.

The fairly simple and uncomplicated design of such a gazebo is a rectangular shape measuring 2x3 m. It is not so bulky, and you can easily install a table and several chairs or benches in it.

The difference in building a gazebo from profile pipes compared to other materials is the set the necessary tool. You will need to have welding machine, level, grinder, drill bits and fasteners.

The foundation is not solid, but holes are dug according to the number of supports. The hole will need to be dug to a depth of 60 centimeters. For supports you can use a profile of 80x80 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. It is necessary to weld the support heels to the racks, which will increase the rigidity of the structure.

Crushed stone is poured into the dug holes, then stands are placed and filled with concrete. At the same time, it is necessary to check the verticality of the racks as the concrete hardens.

After the foundation has hardened, the lower trim is made. It uses a profile of a smaller cross-section than for racks. It must be welded to the supports at a certain height above the ground level. A rafter system is also created from the profile. At gable roof it is welded at an angle of 15 degrees. To make it easier to fasten the roofing material, you can make a sheathing from the pipe in increments of 45 cm.

If you want to make more complex gazebo shapes, you will need to be patient as the process will be more labor intensive.

But if you are determined to achieve results, then no difficulties will stop you. A self-made gazebo will delight not only you, but also your guests.

A beautiful DIY wooden gazebo is a stylish and practical small architectural form that will help decorate your garden plot in any design direction. This is a comfortable place to relax in nature at any time of the year - choosing the right type of structure will help you enjoy the functionality of the gazebo not only in the summer.

tree most practical material to create a frame:

• wood is easy to process using accessible tools;
• the material allows you to embody almost any style and shape;
• wood is an environmentally friendly material;
• subject to proper processing, it perfectly tolerates external influences - moisture, temperature changes;
• The advantages of wood include high strength and durability.

Types of gazebos

According to the criterion of operating features and functional load, the following are distinguished:

According to the criterion of design features:

According to the criterion of location on the site:

How to choose a gazebo style?

Depending on the style of landscape design and the residential building on the site, you can choose suitable option gazebos:

Do-it-yourself summerhouses are represented by two of their distant relatives:

DIY gazebos: where to start?

If you have chosen a style and design option, you should choose a location for the structure. Depending on the size and shape of the site, the dimensions of the small architectural structure depend. Consider the purpose for which you are installing the structure:

• feast big family summer and winter or all year round;
• garden plot decoration;
• a convenient place for drinking tea in the summer;
• holidays in large groups on holidays or weekends.

In the first case, you should choose a secluded place, not very close to residential building so that unfriendly gatherings do not interfere with the rest of those who are in the house. Especially if several generations live in the house. As a decoration, the gazebo is installed so that it fits as harmoniously as possible into and emphasizes its features.

A gazebo for feasts can be made in a closed form by equipping a fireplace inside, a lighting system, installing heating devices. If you install it close to your home, you can quickly transport food and dishes prepared in the kitchen.

How to make or garden plot? It is worth paying attention to the recommendations.

Select the location for construction according to the following criteria:

• the area should not be subject to flooding;
• preferably a flat, open place;
• You should not install a gazebo next to outbuildings and.

Photos and drawings of wooden gazebos with your own hands will help you choose the best option:

Foundation and walls for the gazebo

Depending on the type of soil, the purpose of constructing the building, and its parameters, we choose the type of foundation: slab, columnar, strip. A massive structure needs a strong and reliable foundation.

Wall options:

• wooden beam;
• boards;
• whole logs;
• slats.

If you are a professional, build a structure complex shape, round or 6-gonal, will not be difficult. For a beginner, we recommend starting with a simple, square or rectangular gazebo with lattice walls - it looks elegant and stylish.

Building a gazebo from timber with your own hands - video

DIY gazebo: drawings and dimensions

Let's look at the features of building a small, open wooden gazebo. Characteristics future design:

• size: 3x3 meters;
• height of the structure to the top – 3.5 meters;
• 4-pitched roof;
• columnar foundation.

The initial stage for the construction of a gazebo

Preparing the site for construction. It needs to be cleared, excess vegetation removed, and the surface leveled. The size of the plot should be one and a half meters larger on each side than the building itself. A do-it-yourself gazebo made of natural wood should be protected from flooding.

We buy materials for the gazebo

For a square building of 3x3 meters, you need to purchase timber in several cross-section options:

• 10x10 cm: 3-meter beams in the amount of 5 pieces for the base; 4 pieces 2.3 meters long for supports, 5 pieces meter long for the construction of the entrance, 3 pieces for strengthening and rigidity of the structure, for the center of other sides of the structure.
• 10x4 cm: for the roof - 8 pieces of 2 meters each, 7 beams of 3 meters each for piping and railings, beams of 2 pieces in sizes 1 and 4.3 meters (roof cross and railings).

To create a gazebo other than timber:

• massive batten: 4 cm thick, 9 sq. m;
• lining in the amount of 20 sq. m;
• wooden slats;
• inch for roof sheathing;
• roofing;
• bricks and cement;
• 5 kg of nails and screws;
• special processing agents for wood (about 15-20 liters).

Installation of a columnar foundation

How to build a gazebo with your own hands? It is very important to build the foundation correctly.

Optimal look for small, open building– columnar. In this case, brick was chosen for it.

What is needed to install a columnar foundation:

• item for digging holes for posts: a drill or an ordinary shovel;
• level for leveling;
• roulette;
• material for posts;
• cement;
• steel reinforcement to strengthen the structure;
• roofing felt for waterproofing the bottom of a wooden gazebo.

Want to save money? If you have already used bricks, you can use them for the foundation.

A drawing is presented according to which the area for installing the gazebo should be marked.

It is necessary to dig holes at the points where the foundation pillars will be installed. The last row of bricks should be at ground level. Before laying the brick, you need to create a cushion that is placed at the bottom of the hole. The pillow is made of crushed stone or sand.

Using a hydraulic level, it is necessary to level the plane of the brick pillars. To ensure the rigidity of the structure, reinforcement bars must be inserted into the corner posts.

Considering the size of the building, the result should be 9 columns: 4 corner, 4 intermediate between the corners, 1 central.

The supports should be located under the side walls every 2 meters. Considering that brick was chosen as the material for the supports, the holes need to be dug with a shovel, they should have a square shape. Recommended depth – 50 cm (not less). Hand drill used if the posts are made, for example, from metal pipes.

For the base, beams with a cross section of 10x10 cm were purchased in the amount of 5 pieces. The reinforcement that remains on the surface of the posts is placed in a hole drilled in the corner beams.

In order to connect the beams at their intersections, you can use the “half-tree” fastening technique. If everything is done according to technology, the result will be a reliable, durable structure.

Installation of the floor in the gazebo

The design can be made with or without a floor. Floor installation requires a foundation.

If there is no floor, you need to prepare a platform for the gazebo, finished with paving slabs and paving stones. The option without creating a special area is also allowed for summer open buildings.

Now consider the option with a foundation and floors. Installation is carried out after the foundation is completely completed and strengthened. What you need for the floor:

• beam;
• edged board;
• tools: hammer, drill, level, jigsaw;
• nails.

The easiest way to create floors is in a square gazebo or rectangular shape. The first step is to install timber around the perimeter of the base. Fastening is carried out using reinforcement that protrudes from the foundation.

The next step is to install logs every 30-40 cm. The floor should not be inclined, so you need to use a level.

And the last thing is covering the floor with boards.

When processing wood, it is necessary to use special substances to protect it from rotting, negative influence insects

Frame installation

For the frame, logs 2.3 meters long with a section of 10x10 cm are intended:

1. The surface of the beams should be smooth; an electric plane can be used to process the surface.
2. It is necessary to make cuts to attach the roof rafters. The thickness of the cut depends on the thickness of the planks.
3. In the corners of the gazebo there is reinforcement that must be mounted on support posts. To do this, you need to make a small hole at the end of the post - about 1 cm in diameter.
4. The posts must be absolutely straight and vertical - you need to use a level to check the post's position.
5. The position of the pillar is secured using first rough and then finishing struts made of timber.

In addition to wood, PVC or steel pipes are used for the frame. Polymer materials don't require special protection from rotting.

Installation of a roof for a gazebo and lining with clapboard

Construction process:

1. For the roof, a cross is formed from wooden beams. To connect, you can use the “half-tree” technique.
2. Cuts are made at the edges of the boards to connect with similar cuts on the supports.
3. It is recommended to use a special block to enhance the strength and durability of the connection.
4. The structure is installed on supports.

After the frame is assembled, it is necessary to install the pillars and railings.

It is planned to create 4 pitched roof and cover it bitumen shingles.

To create the roof, we use 10x10 cm timber - an 8-sided section about 80 cm long is made from it. Makes a cut in the timber for the first 2 planks. This is a post that will be fixed in the central part of the cross; it will ensure the strength of the future roof.

2 rafters are connected using the half-tree method and fixed in the grooves. We then attach the second pair of rafters to the central post. The entire structure is assembled on the ground.

When 2 pairs of rafters are secured, we attach 4 more planks so that their lower ends lie on a bunch of outer posts.

If winter in your area is characterized by heavy snowfall, you should consider additional roof reinforcement. You need to add support posts between the corner supports, above the center foundation posts.

Now you can move on to covering the gazebo with clapboard and roofing work.

To cover the gazebo, we chose clapboard and special fasteners for its simple and aesthetic fastening. The roof is made of wood - planks up to 3 cm thick. We gradually cover all the roof slopes with these planks.

It is imperative to take care of creating a drain - the lower strips must protrude beyond the rafters by at least 10 cm.

In the future, the roofing covering will be laid on top of the sheathing. Choice roofing depends on stylistic nuances, financial opportunities.

The open parts of the gazebo, which are not covered with clapboard, can be decorated with thin wooden planks fixed crosswise.

Since the work is carried out with wood, care must be taken to protect the structure from the negative influence of external factors. Wood is treated with special substances to protect it from rotting.

Alternative: log walls

Projects for building a gazebo at the dacha involve the use of logs to create side walls.

If you choose logs for the walls of the gazebo, keep in mind that you do not need a frame. The actual laying of logs in rows begins immediately. The first row is attached to a base protected by waterproofing. Fastening the corners is done by creating grooves at the ends. Docking is done at the corners. The number of rows depends on the project - for an open type structure, 3-4 rows are enough.

What material to choose for the roof?

The material that will cover the roof of the gazebo must meet a number of requirements:

• resistance to moisture and temperature changes;
• high level of strength with low weight;
• durability;
• providing protection from precipitation (especially if the gazebo is closed and will be used in the autumn-winter period);
• stylistic match, if the house is covered with soft bitumen shingles, it is naturally better to use it for the gazebo.

The calculation of the roof truss system depends on the choice of roofing material, so you need to think through all the points in advance. The weight of the future structure, which also takes into account the roof, influences the choice of foundation type.

When choosing, consider the type of gazebo, its style and purpose.

What roofing options can be used for a wooden gazebo:

Foundation options for gazebos

Above is an example of the technology for installing a columnar foundation. This type combines practicality and ease of installation. There may be two more types of bases for a wooden gazebo in your arsenal:

High-quality execution of the gazebo is the key to its durability and aesthetics.

Video about building a wooden gazebo with your own hands

Neither the cottage nor a private house cannot be comfortable without a beautiful gazebo. A summer gazebo allows you to have a pleasant time and enjoy the coolness on a hot summer day. The sizes and shapes of the gazebo can be very different. The most important thing is that it fits into the interior of your territory and is similar in size and design. summer gazebos can be decorated with different style, it can be a classic gazebo or in the modern style. The shape can also be different, hexagonal, round or quadrangular.

The idea of ​​building a gazebo in our dacha belongs to my wife Svetlana. After some brief consultation, a decision was made. Let's build it ourselves! They entrusted me with the financing, the project, and the design... The project!? It turned out that not everything is so simple, even with such an unlimited source of information as the Internet. I thought that on the World Wide Web I would easily find a bunch of detailed drawings, drawings, photographs and instructions, but alas... Either I was looking poorly, or... The result: I didn’t find what I wanted. Although I learned a lot of interesting things. Ready-made gazebos in the Moscow region are sold for 250-300 thousand rubles. per piece (albeit with on-site installation). At first I even doubted whether we could afford this idea. I did some math and it turned out that I could do it in 5 thousand.

Selection and preparation of a site.

It was decided to make the gazebo hexagonal... which means we make a compass and draw a circle. Dimensions of the gazebo: diameter 3 meters, height 2 m. In the center there is a round table on a leg (we will make it at the very end, from the rest of the material), a roof - that’s the question for now? I would like some kind of natural tiles.... I haven't found anything yet.

When making initial calculations, we use all our knowledge of geometry and a specially brought calculator.

They decided to make the foundation from half-meter oak columns... You can already see how the gazebo will be located. We tried to dig the pillars exactly to the level.

The assistant must be well fed...

There was a break at the construction site. The children were in camps, and my wife and I were engaged in the selection and delivery of building materials. For construction, the following items were specially purchased: an electric planer (950 rubles), a jigsaw (630 rubles), a saw (100 rubles), various nails (about 300 rubles), a hammer (120 rubles), a tape measure (75 rubles) . In the absence of our son, my wife and I built the necessary carpentry workbench(I won’t describe how to do this, but it’s already clear that we can’t do without it - all the building materials need to be planed, sawed out, hollowed out...).

The process has begun... first processing six pillars...

We thought for a long time about how to secure the pillars and cross bars to the “foundation”... We decided so (see photo), we’ll build it and see whether it’s correct or not. (I note that none of us have a construction education and did not turn to the help of consultant-neighbor Dmitrich).

Friday. We continued to prepare the pillars; on each one it was necessary to make grooves for the bench and railings (photo below.

To install six pillars, it was decided to temporarily dig a pillar in the center and tie it to it. Each pillar is set strictly according to level.

Hooray! We finished the skeleton of the gazebo. They removed the temporary structure - it's standing, but not quite strong. I hope the roof rafters and floor will finally “tie” the structure together.

We started preparing the mounts for the benches. This standard design (photo below) holds the bench very securely. Using one template, six “jibs” were immediately prepared.

It was decided to cover the bench with a “gap” so that the structure would not look heavy and the material consumption would be less. We attach the prepared (planed board, length - 39 cm, width - 10 cm, chamfer - 1.5 mm) to the bench. We will align and chamfer when everything is nailed down.

The weekend plan has been completed.

Friday evening... We finished installing the benches.

The homemade workbench was modified... with such “clamps” it became more convenient to work with material of different widths...

Saturday. Roof structure: 6 bars (100x50 mm) attached to the central hexagon (diameter - 150 mm). Until recently, I did not believe in the reliability of this design.

The roof was first assembled on the ground, and then the whole family lifted it up (and that’s the only reason why there are no photos of this moment).

We make cuts on the rafters, which will not allow them to move apart... We nail them on top to the post.

Friday. Purchased lining (26 boards, length - 2.5 m, width - 80 mm, for 1350 rubles). It turned out to be very convenient with the clapboard: they brought it all at once on their “ten” and the length of 2.5 m after cutting into 80 cm pieces gave a minimum of waste.

A strip was previously nailed under the armrest to secure the lining.

Roof. The rafters are ready...

We make lathing for flexible tiles from unedged boards. Friends advise covering it with "Catepal" material.

I decided to first make a table and then cover the roof... I really wanted to sit in the gazebo and have a barbecue. Here is a rough sketch of the round table. The round one in the center of the sketch is a fresh oak pillar (no need to buy, it was left over from the old owner), then everything is clear - the skeleton is made of a 100x50 block and cut with a planed board. In conclusion, we draw a circle and cut it with a jigsaw... How easy it is in my words... I’ll try it in practice on Friday.

We bought the material: 12 meters of timber (50x70) and 12 meters of 25-piece board - for only 400 rubles. The oak table was dug in more than a meter deep - so you could dance on the table...

We are making the table octagonal, not round as planned. There is a lot more fuss with the round one... The diameter of the table is 1.4 meters.

This is how the skeleton of the table turned out...

The gazebo has already been coated with the first layer of colorless varnish... One 3-liter jar was used (450 rubles). Will buy another one for the second layer and table.

The first evening was spent in the gazebo having a barbecue... My wife's rating was 5+. All we have to do is cover the roof. And the floors. Here it is definitely not yet decided what to do. If at first you thought it was a floorboard, now different options are offered: from sand (grandmother’s option) to paving slabs... We think! If you recommend anything, I will be grateful.

Yes, that one-year-old grass that is in the photo on the right has nevertheless outgrown the gazebo, but we started with it together.

A cozy gazebo in the garden is the dream of many homeowners. Wooden and metal, polycarbonate or forged, square, round and hexagonal, these structures are found in almost every garden. To make garden gazebos with your own hands, it is not at all necessary to hire specialists or be an experienced builder; it is enough to have minimal skills in working with tools.

How to choose a gazebo design

Construction of a garden gazebo will cost less if you carefully think through everything down to the smallest detail. The main parameters are the size of the gazebo, its shape, the type of foundation and roof, materials for building walls. The size of the building depends on the number of residents of the house and planned guests. There is no point in building a large structure for 2-3 people; in this case, it is better to choose a 2x2 m structure.

The level of complexity of its installation depends on the shape of the gazebo. – rectangular, but round or hexagonal ones require more skill and time to build. If you have no experience at all, you should not immediately take on the construction of such a structure.

The foundation for the gazebo can be columnar, strip or slab. The cheapest option is, and it’s also the easiest to install. Strip foundation widely used for both small and large buildings, but practically not used for round arbors. A monolithic slab base is ideal for any gazebo, but the larger the area, the more expensive a slab foundation is.

Roofs on garden gazebos can be single-pitched, gable, pyramidal, or in the form of a tent. The most affordable and easiest to install is a pitched roof. It is suitable for rectangular buildings, like a gable one. Cone-shaped and pyramidal roofs are installed on hexagonal and round arbors.

A variety of materials are used for construction: brick, stone, timber, logs, polycarbonate sheets, metal pipes, forged gratings, and some craftsmen even assemble gazebos from bottles. The easiest way to build is from timber and metal posts; The frame assembly is completed in a matter of hours, and the cladding also does not take much time. Working with logs is a little more difficult, because you need to cut and join them correctly. To lay walls of stone and brick, it is advisable to have the appropriate skills, otherwise the masonry will turn out sloppy and unattractive.

Prices for garden tents

Garden tents

To avoid serious mistakes and minimize construction costs, you need to start with the simplest. As an example, we take a rectangular gazebo with a pitched roof and on a slab foundation.

Necessary materials:

• large stone or crushed stone;
• sand;
• boards for formwork;
• timber 100x100 mm and 50x50 mm;
• boards with a section of 30x150 mm;
• wood primer;
• dye;
• slate or corrugated roofing;
• screws and bolts;
• reinforcing bars.

You will also need tools:

Marking the base of the gazebo

Select a flat, open area of ​​the garden and mark it. To do this, determine the location of one of the corners of the gazebo and mark it with a peg. Measure the distance to the remaining corners, place beacons, and stretch a string between them. The diagonals are measured in the resulting rectangle: if they are the same length, the markings are made correctly.

Pit preparation

Using a shovel, select soil to a depth of approximately 25-30 cm, level the bottom, and compact it thoroughly. The walls of the pit must be strictly vertical. Next, pour coarse sand in a layer of 10 cm, level it well and moisten it abundantly to compact it. Formwork made of boards up to 10 cm high is placed around the perimeter and reinforced with timber.

Pouring the foundation

Read more about the foundation of the gazebo

The pit is laid out with large flat stones or filled almost to the top with large crushed stone. At the corners of the perimeter, sections of reinforcing bars are driven between the stones; the rods should rise above the finished foundation by at least 10 cm. Prepare concrete mortar and fill the pit. The surface is leveled with a rule or smoothed with a trowel.

Frame installation

For the frame, take 4 beams 100x100 mm and cut to the height of the gazebo. The front beams are left 15-20 cm longer than the rear ones to create a roof slope. After this, the supports are well treated with a primer and dried. At the lower end of each support, a small hole is drilled along the diameter of the reinforcing bars that protrude from the concrete at the corners of the base. Place the beams on the rods, align them vertically using a level and further strengthen them with metal plates and anchor bolts.

After installation, the side supports are connected to each other with 50x150 mm boards, and then braces for the rafters are installed. At a height of 10 cm and 0.5 m from the floor, the racks are connected by horizontal jumpers made of 50x50 mm timber. Vertical bars are attached between the lintels at intervals of 40 cm. The doorway is left free. All fastenings are carried out using bolts and steel angles, which are screwed to the wood with self-tapping screws.

Prices for various types of timber

Logs are placed on the boards connecting the support beams in increments of 30 cm. The top of the logs is sheathed with 30x150 mm edged boards. Gaps ranging from 5 to 15 cm wide are left between the boards. Of course, all roof elements must be treated with a primer and well dried. You can cover the top of the board with glassine and secure it with staples. Thin slats are placed on top of the film so that there is a ventilation gap between the roofing and the film. Slate is laid on the slats and secured with 120 mm nails with galvanized heads.

Arrangement of the gazebo

After installing the frame and roof, everything wooden surfaces needs to be painted. When the paint is dry, place the gazebo inside wooden table and benches along the walls. Electricity is carried out from the house to the gazebo, a light bulb or lamp is hung. To give the room a cozy feel, you can cover the walls with thick, light-colored fabric. The interior decoration completely depends on the taste and capabilities of the home owners.

This version of the gazebo is basic. If desired, you can improve the design: install between load-bearing beams wooden gratings, cover the walls with clapboard or waterproof plywood, lay on concrete base logs and make a wooden floor. Instead of beams for the frame, you can take metal pipes, and replace the slate with polycarbonate or soft tiles.

A hexagonal garden gazebo always looks very elegant and is a decoration for any area. During its construction, the accuracy of calculations is very important, because errors at any stage will significantly affect the final result. You need to start with a drawing of the future building, which will allow you to correctly mark the site and calculate the amount of materials.

For construction you will need:

Step 1. Marking

To mark the area you will need two wooden slats and a rope about 2 meters long. The selected area is leveled, freed from vegetation and stones, a strip is driven into the ground in the middle and tied with a rope. The second end of the rope is tied to another strip and, using such a homemade compass, a circle with a radius of 1.75 m is drawn. The resulting circle is divided into 6 equal parts and beacons are placed on the marking line. This is where the support posts for the gazebo will be located.

Step 2. Making a columnar foundation

In place of the beacons, holes are dug 0.5 m deep and rectangular in shape. They pour on the bottom river sand a layer of 10-15 cm, then a layer of coarse crushed stone of the same thickness. A steel rod 70 cm long is driven into the middle of the hole, after which everything is poured cement mortar. Bricks are laid on top in 3-4 rows with obligatory bandaging. The reinforcing rod should be in the center of the masonry. Lay out the remaining 5 supports in the same way and allow the solution to dry well.

Step 3. Installation of the gazebo base

Measure the distance between adjacent pillars and cut the beams according to the measurements. You should get 6 beams of equal length and thickness. To reliably connect the supports to each other, cuts are made at the ends half the thickness of the tree. After this, the lumber is primed and dried, and then laid on poles in the form of a hexagon. Pieces must be laid between the beams and foundation pillars.

When the beams of the lower frame are secured, the logs are fastened inside the hexagon. The central joist is placed exactly in the center of the structure, aligned horizontally and fixed to the beams using metal plates and bolts. Next, 2 logs are mounted perpendicular to the central one, and all the rest are inserted at an angle, for which small cuts are made at the ends of the boards on both sides. Finally, the logs are reinforced with timber lintels and sheathed with boards.

Step 4. Construction of walls

The frame of the gazebo is made of 6 beams 100x100 mm of the same length. Each beam is installed on one of the corners of the base and fixed with anchor bolts. Be sure to check the verticality of the support posts so that the structure is not skewed. A frame made of thick boards is mounted along the upper edge, and at a height of 70-90 cm from the floor, the racks are connected with horizontal beams made of timber, leaving the entrance free.

Walls can be made in several versions, depending on the available materials. You can cover the gazebo up to half with sheets of waterproof plywood, cover it with boards, and attach wooden figured bars to the lintels between the posts. You can make two or three walls blank, and decorate the rest with forged elements.

Step 5. Roof installation

When the walls are ready, we begin to install the rafters for the roof. 50x100 mm boards are used as rafters; For convenience, assembly is carried out on the ground. Since there is no central post in the gazebo, it is quite difficult to connect the rafters neatly. To simplify this process, a hexagon cut out of timber will help, each side of which will correspond to the thickness of the rafters. The ends of the boards are cut at an angle and fastened with nails to the hexagon; and on inside the strapping cuts out grooves for installing the rafters. After this, the structure is sheathed with boards in a circle, leaving small gaps, lifted upward and secured with bolts. Now all that remains is to lay it down.

Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters

Rafter fasteners

Video - DIY garden gazebos

Video - How to build a gazebo

Gazebos are a great place to relax. You can sit in them during breaks between dacha affairs, or use them as a summer dining room or a place to celebrate significant events. In addition, more and more owners of summer cottages and suburban areas prefer to make these structures with their own hands, which allows them to be used not only for recreation.

Types of garden gazebos

A gazebo is a lightweight covered structure located on local area, in the garden or park. As a rule, it contains a small table and a number of benches along one side or along the perimeter of the structure. The main purpose of gazebos is a place of rest with protection from rain and scorching sun, in which you can comfortably sit for a short period of time.

A gazebo can be a great place to relax for the whole family

Gazebos, like any other buildings, can be classified according to several criteria. Typically, there are gazebos that differ in shape and type. In some sources you can find a classification based on the material of manufacture and roof construction.

By shape

The shape of the structure is a fundamental feature, especially when laying the load-bearing foundation and manufacturing the structure will be done independently. The shape of the gazebo directly affects its appearance and functional design features.

For example, polygonal gazebos easily fit into the exterior of almost any home. Round structures perfectly complement the garden located near residential buildings, and non-standard shaped structures allow you to arrange extra bed for relaxation in the form of a small lounger or hammock.

Round gazebo

A round gazebo or rotunda gazebo (from the Latin rotondus - round) is most often an open or semi-open structure. The most simple design- these are 6–9 supports supporting the roof, located on the base with some spacing. The base is a plank floor on a columnar or strip foundation.

A round gazebo is ideal for a small garden on the site

The advantages of the round shape include the following:

• beautiful appearance;
• uniform shading;
• uniform load distribution;
• great possibilities for decoration.

If we compare a round gazebo with other buildings, then the rotunda is structurally more complex. Its construction will require much more time, which is necessary to process the materials and give them the appropriate shape. A hip or arched roof, built with round arbors, also has a more complex structure.

Rectangular or square building

Rectangular and square gazebos are the most common type of structures that are installed in summer cottages and local areas. The standard design is made of timber and edged boards or profile pipes. Typically, roof supports are located around the perimeter of the gazebo in increments of 1–1–1.5 m.

A pitched structure is used as roofs for rectangular and square gazebos. This allows not only to speed up the construction of the structure, but also improves the protection of the internal space from slanting rain and downpour.

Rectangular gazebos are the easiest to manufacture, including using wood or profiled pipe

The advantages of square and rectangular shapes include the following:

• relatively short period of construction and arrangement of the gazebo;
• low cost of construction, especially when using wood and scrap materials;
• opportunity self-built without special construction skills.

The decorative and functional qualities of strictly shaped gazebos directly depend on their size. But in comparison with round-shaped structures, the complexity of making square gazebos does not depend much on the size of the structure. This allows you to build a building according to your own drawings, without being particularly limited in size.

Non-standard structures

By non-standard shaped gazebos, as a rule, we mean hexagonal gazebos, structures with a full porch or other structures that have additional space that will be used for storing some things, relaxing or cooking in a specially equipped place.

Gazebos of non-standard shape are built quite rarely (except for hexagonal ones). Typically, their design and construction are carried out by qualified workers, since their arrangement requires the pouring of a full-fledged slab or strip base. Additional complexity is caused by the construction of the roof structure and its cladding.

Unlike gazebos of other forms, non-standard structures provide wider possibilities for decoration. For example, gazebos of complex shapes can be made in a semi-closed form, which will allow you to decorate closed part with help climbing plants or place street lighting fixtures on it.

Type

Conventionally, gazebos can be divided into three groups: open, semi-open and closed. In some cases, you can find combined construction options, when one part of the gazebo has a completely closed structure, and the other is semi-open. And also large-area gazebos can be equipped with a small kitchen or a place for cooking over an open fire.

Open design

Opening gazebos are most often rectangular or square-shaped structures that are erected in places with limited lighting during the daytime. Typically, they are made using edged board, bars and wooden beams, as well as a profile pipe.

Open gazebos are most often used as protection from the sun during lunch and relaxation

The most common roof structure is single-pitch or gable, covered with slate or bitumen roll covering. The role of the base is played by a plank floor made of edged boards 2–3 cm thick.

The main function of an open gazebo is a place to relax and protection from the sun. Protection from rain and wind is not very effective due to the airflow. Open gazebos have an optimal price-quality ratio. In fact, this is the simplest type of structure that can be built by a person who has at least once used a hacksaw and a screwdriver.

Semi-open gazebo

Semi-open gazebos can have any shape. Most often they are built in the form of rectangular frame structures, when the back of the gazebo is sheathed with edged boards, plastic panels or slab material. Along the perimeter of the semi-open gazebo, fences or sides lined with wood or panels are installed.

Semi-open gazebos provide excellent protection from both the scorching sun and light slanting rain.

The advantages of semi-open structures include the following:

• good protection from rain and wind;
• quick construction using wood or metal;
• possibility of upgrading to a closed type.

As such, semi-open types of gazebos do not have any significant disadvantages. The only thing is that before their construction you will need to choose the right place. Otherwise, the structure will be blown out, and the sheathed walls will not protect from the wind. Moreover, if there is frequent precipitation in the region where the structure is being built, then the choice of location is most important.

Closed building with windows

Closed gazebos are almost full-fledged summer houses. The most popular design is a rectangular or multifaceted structure with frame walls erected between supports on which a pitched or hip roof is attached.

Enclosed gazebos are ideal for comfortable spending time in cold weather

Typically, several of the walls are completely blank, and in front of the closed gazebo there are several large windows. As front door A glazed frame is used to the full height of the building. This allows you to better illuminate the interior of the gazebo. In most cases, closed gazebos are equipped with lighting, and in some insulated options - full heating.

Closed gazebos are ideal for large summer cottages, when you can cook food for lunch inside the structure, relax during the day, or even stay overnight. The only negative is that their design and construction should be carried out by a professional or a person with similar experience. Especially if a barbecue or other cooking equipment is installed inside the gazebo.

With barbecue and cooking area

Gazebos with barbecues can be made in both open, semi-open or closed versions. The choice of form directly depends on the personal preferences of the owner of the site and his financial capabilities. For the construction of open gazebos with barbecues, wood, concrete and metal, as well as polycarbonate and slate are used.

For semi-open and closed options, it is better to use a profile pipe and brick, since there is a risk of fire when covering walls wooden elements increases greatly. This is especially true for structures that will be erected in regions with strong gusty winds.

Open gazebos allow you to easily install a ready-made barbecue of almost any design

Among the features of such gazebos are the following:

• single space for cooking and eating;
• additional heating from the barbecue for winter closed gazebos;
• durability and high maintainability due to the use of non-combustible materials.

To build gazebos with barbecues, a strong supporting base made of concrete is required. The type of foundation depends on the size of the structure and the type of barbecue used. If possible, preference should be given to brick construction on a slab foundation. As a barbecue, it is better to use completely brick equipment, built according to individual parameters.

With or without supporting base

The choice of base for the gazebo depends on its size and functional features. Small wooden gazebos with a pitched roof are usually lightweight. Their installation does not require a high-strength concrete base.

Platforms made of wood, brick or block materials are sufficient. In this case, the location of the gazebo should be dry and located far from artificial or natural reservoirs. The advantage of light gazebos is that they can be moved from place to place.

Closed and other large gazebos are built only on a full-fledged concrete slab base

Gazebos with a large base area, made of thick timber, brick or metal, have a lot of weight. Their construction requires the construction of a full-fledged foundation. Typically, a columnar, strip or slab foundation is used as a base.

For large open gazebos that will be located on dry, flood-proof soil, a columnar foundation with 4–9 supports is sufficient. Exact amount supports depends on the shape of the building and its weight. For large semi-open and closed gazebos, it is better to equip a slab reinforced foundation.

With or without subfloor

Structurally, all gazebos can be divided into structures with and without a full floor. The floor in the gazebo is made of thick wooden boards or insulated concrete screed on the supporting base.

The thickness and design of the floor depends on the size of the structure and its functional purpose. For example, in summer closed gazebos the floor is not insulated, but is made with some gap so that the space inside is freely ventilated.

The presence of a floor in the gazebo increases comfort and cleanliness inside the building

The advantages of structures with floors include the following:

• aesthetically attractive appearance;
• the insulated floor helps retain heat inside the gazebo;
• the inside of the gazebo remains clean and cozy, especially during the cold season.

Gazebos without a floor are open and semi-open structures. The base is soil or a surface lined with brick, stone or slabs. Despite the absence of a full floor, the gazebo is still erected on a foundation that is selected in accordance with its size.

Video: semi-open gazebo with metal frame

What can you build from?

Various materials and available materials can be used to build gazebos. The most affordable materials for constructing a frame and covering walls are timber and edged boards, respectively, and for roofing - slate, siding and fabric materials.

If you have the means, then profiled pipes of various sections, bricks, foam blocks and rounded timber are used to build gazebos. To understand in detail the entire range of materials used for the construction of gazebos, you should consider the structural parts of this building in more detail.

Frame of the structure

The most common method used for constructing gazebos and summer houses, is a frame technology when the walls of a structure are located between load-bearing supports on which the roof structure is attached. Depending on the type of gazebo, the supports can be covered with various materials. If desired, windows and technical ventilation openings can be inserted into the walls.

Wooden beams and edged boards

Wood is a traditional material used for the construction of frames and roof structures for gazebos, technical rooms and residential buildings. To build gazebos, as a rule, square beams of 150x150x3,000 mm, edged boards of 30x100x3,000 mm, and edged beams of 50x50x3,000 mm are used. You can use boards and timber with other parameters, but the given sizes of materials are the most universal in their use.

Wooden beams and boards are ideal materials in terms of price-quality ratio

The advantages of wood as the main material for manufacturing include:

• light weight - the design of a wooden gazebo, especially in comparison with brick and stone, is noticeably lower. This makes it possible to facilitate the construction process and save on the construction of a load-bearing foundation;
• safety - wood is an environmentally friendly material. It is pleasant to stay inside a wooden gazebo even for a long time. In addition, wooden structures retain heat well;
• low cost - the total cost of constructing wooden gazebos is noticeably lower than their brick counterparts. Especially if you plan to build semi-open summer-type structures.

Wooden structures are easy to equip and decorate. Among the significant disadvantages of wood as a material are the hygroscopicity and low fire resistance of wood, which can lead to damage load-bearing elements designs.

To avoid damage, all wooden parts of the gazebo should be treated with a wood antiseptic. Compositions for treatment are selected individually and can be represented either by conventional impregnation with antiseptic properties or by decorative varnish with fire protection.

Profile pipe of various sections

Metal is durable and relatively available material, therefore it is often used for the construction of light frame semi-open structures. Typically, the material used is profile pipe 25x25x3000, 30x30x3,000 and 40x20x3,000 mm, as well as metal VGP pipe 40x3 mm. In the role decorative finishing forged products protrude and are mounted around the perimeter of the gazebo to a height of 1–1.5 m.

The profile pipe allows you to create a gazebo of any configuration and shape

Among the advantages of metal pipes are the following:

• service life - with appropriate treatment, the average service life of a steel pipe is 30 years or more;
• relatively low weight - open gazebos made of steel pipes are lightweight, which allows you to build a gazebo on a conventional columnar foundation;
• ease of working with the material - to assemble the gazebo you will need a simple tool or the ability to work with a welding machine.

In most cases, it is more rational to use the services of qualified welders. They will help you assemble the gazebo together with the customer in the shortest possible time. For example, erecting the frame of a small gazebo (3x5 m) for 3-4 people will take no more than 4 hours.

The disadvantages of the metal include its low resistance to corrosion processes and rapid heating under the influence of sunlight. To solve problems with rust, the frame of the gazebo and the joints with fasteners are painted with moisture-resistant paint. Protective covering should be updated as needed.

Brick and block materials

Brick is the most suitable material for the construction of closed gazebos on a slab base. In fact, this material allows you to assemble a full-fledged structure with windows, heating, a place for cooking, etc. Moreover, the building will look no worse, and in most cases even better, than a residential building.

Brick is very often used in combination with other cheaper materials

Among the advantages of brick are its durability and versatility. If damage to the supports or load-bearing wall occurs during operation of the brick gazebo, the damaged elements can be easily replaced.

To build a brick gazebo, you will need the ability to work with concrete mixture and experience in bricklaying. This, in fact, is the main disadvantage associated with the use of this material. And it can also be noted that most often brick is used in combination with other materials. This allows you not only to save money, but also significantly improves the decorative qualities of the structure.

Available materials

In addition to materials that can be purchased at hardware stores, you can use various available tools to build gazebos. Typically, these are surplus finishing materials left over after construction, as well as simple materials that can be found on summer cottage or the forest.

Dry branches and reeds are free materials for the construction of open and semi-open gazebos

Among the most common materials of this type are:

• dry branches and old but strong boards;
• dry unhewn logs and wooden logs;
• wooden pallets and euro pallets;
• dry reed and reed mats;
• plastic containers and pieces of polycarbonate;
• glass and plastic containers of various sizes.

The materials described above are best used in combination. This will allow you to build not only a beautiful, but also a durable gazebo. The only exception is wooden pallets, which allow you to build a gazebo entirely from them. At the same time, a gazebo made from pallets is easily decorated, and final cost several times lower than analogues made of timber or metal.

Video: review of a wooden gazebo after a year of use

Cladding and roof

The roof structure is one of the most important parts of any structure. Not only the service life of the gazebo, but also the comfort inside it will depend on how well the roof is built. Especially it concerns closed structures. Wall cladding, in turn, forms a microclimate inside the building and protects the interior from the effects of wind and moisture.

Polycarbonate

Cellular and monolithic polycarbonate is an excellent material that can be used to cover the roof and cover the walls of a gazebo. Depending on the roof structure, they are used polycarbonate sheets various sizes.

Monolithic and cellular polycarbonate well suited as a roofing material

The most commonly used sheets of monolithic polycarbonate measure 2.05x3.05 m with a thickness of 3 to 5 mm. Cellular polycarbonate sheets have slightly different sizes, but usually 2.1x3 m polycarbonate is used with a thickness of 6 to 10 mm, which is then adjusted to the required parameters. To fasten the sheets, galvanized screws or bolts with a special washer are used.

The advantages of polycarbonate include the following:

• impact resistance;
• fire resistance;
• flexibility and speed of installation;
• thermal insulation qualities;
• large selection of colors.

Among the disadvantages of this material is low resistance to abrasion, but when used as a roofing covering this type of impact is unlikely.

It is not recommended to use scratched or damaged polycarbonate for covering gazebos when the structure is located entirely in an open area. When exposed to sunlight, unprotected material deteriorates and loses its properties.

Profiled sheet

Corrugated sheets are widely used for covering roofs and cladding walls of technical buildings. In the case of gazebos, corrugated sheeting is best suited for covering the roof, as it allows you to create a durable and stainless pitched roof in the shortest possible time. It can also be used for wall cladding, but from an aesthetic point of view, this is far from the best option.

The profiled sheet is especially convenient to use when you need to quickly cover the walls of a frame gazebo

For roof cladding, corrugated sheeting MP-20x1100-R, S-44x1000-A, MP-35x1035 is used. This is a galvanized sheet with a protective decorative and polymer coating, preventing damage to the metal.

The advantages of profiled sheets include high service life of the material, low weight, resistance to heat and low temperatures, ease of installation and low cost. The main disadvantage is the noise that the metal sheet will make during rain, which will make it unpleasant to be inside the gazebo at this moment.

Strained glass

Tempered glass is a modernized analogue ordinary glass, used for glazing of typical housing. Tempering glass increases its technical and operational qualities several times - this allows the material to be used for glazing roofs and facades of various structures and buildings.

If we talk about gazebos, then tempered glass allows you to create light and beautiful buildings, which can be used all year round. It is perfect both for covering the roof and for installation as a stained glass window that will act as a wall. Typically, glass with a thickness of 6 mm or more is used to create glass roofs and walls of gazebos.

Tempered glass is ideal for glazing closed gazebos

Among the advantages of tempered glass are the following:

• high temperature resistance;
• impact resistance;
• safety;
• versatility.

The main disadvantages of this glass are its high cost, as well as the impossibility of cutting at the construction site. Tempered glass must be selected and prepared according to specific project so that during installation there are no difficulties with its installation.

Vinyl and metal siding

Traditionally, vinyl and steel siding is used for cladding frame technical or residential buildings. If desired, it can be used for covering semi-open or closed gazebos. In some cases you can even use basement siding, which, in fact, is an analogue of vinyl with the only difference being that it has a stone or brick texture.

Vinyl siding is used for cladding closed buildings when wall insulation is required

The advantages of this material include the following:

• low cost;
• quick installation;
• possibility of preliminary insulation of walls;
• service life more than 15 years.

Among the disadvantages vinyl siding note its relatively low strength. With constant and prolonged exposure to sunlight, the material may burn out, which is especially important for cheap or low-quality panels.

Metal siding does not have these disadvantages, but if the polymer layer is damaged, corrosion processes may develop. To avoid this, it is recommended to periodically inspect the surface of the sheathed walls and eliminate scratches and chips using special paint.

Soft bitumen shingles

Soft or flexible tiles is a roofing covering based on bitumen and fiberglass, covered with basalt chips. The material has high strength and wear-resistant qualities. The average service life of soft tiles is more than 25 years without significant loss of appearance.

Bituminous shingles have an attractive appearance and a service life of more than 30 years

When arranging a gazebo, tiles allow you to cover the roof in a fairly short period of time, especially when it comes to hip or arched roof. On average, it takes no more than 3 hours to cover a gable roof with a slope size of 3x5 m.

Compared to other roofing materials, tiles have virtually no disadvantages. The only negative is its cost, which starts from 350–400 rubles/m2. It is not recommended to purchase cheaper options, as their service life is noticeably lower.

Slate and its analogues

Wave slate is traditional roofing material, used to cover roofs of both residential and technical buildings. Thanks to sheets ranging from 150 to 300 cm in length and up to 150 cm in width, the roof covering process is completed in a matter of hours. If necessary, damaged material can also be easily dismantled and replaced with a new sheet.

It is better to replace conventional asbestos-cement slate with a more modern metal analogue

The advantages of this roofing material include the following:

• comparative hardness;
• heat resistance and non-flammability;
• not susceptible to rotting and corrosion;
• ability to dampen external noise;
• service life more than 20 years.

Among the disadvantages of slate, they note its low strength, which, if improperly transported or laid on the roof surface, will certainly lead to damage to the sheet. The heavy weight is also a significant drawback, since even relatively light gazebos may require a good foundation.

In addition, slate absorbs moisture well, which obliges the owner to periodically clean the material if he does not want the roof of the gazebo to become covered with moss.

Acrylic fabric and raincoat fabric

Acrylic or polyester fabrics are most often used as roofing when the gazebo has a collapsible structure or is used only in the summer. For example, a gazebo with a metal frame is very popular, which is completely covered with raincoat fabric only for the summer months and early autumn.

Acrylic fabric is made from synthetic threads impregnated with water- and dust-repellent impregnations. It does not fade under the influence of sunlight, does not lose elasticity and perfectly withstands temperature fluctuations throughout the day.

Acrylic and canvas fabric are good for summer gazebos with metal frame

Raincoat or fabric made of polyester with polyvinyl chloride is perfect for aggressive environments. For example, to create gazebos-tents in conditions where precipitation can last for several weeks. It is easy to clean and does not fade.

The only drawback of fabrics for constructing tents is the need to create a full-fledged casing for the gazebo according to individual patterns. But in comparison with the cost of other materials, this disadvantage is not so significant.

Table: comparison of materials for cladding the roof and walls of the gazebo

	Appearance	Easy to install	Life time	Price
Cellular and monolithic polycarbonate	+	+	from 10 years	from 280 rub./m.p (8 mm)
Profiled sheet	-	+	from 25 years old	from 190 rub./m2
Vinyl and steel siding	-	+	from 30 years old	from 180 rub./m2
Strained glass	+	-	up to 50 years or more	from 3500 rub./m 2 (8 mm)
Bituminous shingles	+	+	from 20 years old	from 240 rub./m2
Wave slate	-	+	up to 30 years or more	from 170 rub./m2
Canvas and acrylic fabric	-+	-	10 years or more	from 300 rub./m2

How to build a gazebo with your own hands from base to roof

Before you start building a gazebo, you need to draw up a project for the future structure. This will not only speed up the execution of planned work, but will also help avoid errors that arise during construction. In addition, a well-designed diagram allows you to more accurately calculate the amount required material.

Drawings and dimensions of the structure

To construct a drawing, you can use ordinary A4 stationery paper, a drawing sheet with markings, or graph paper. If you have the appropriate skills, you can use computer programs for modeling: AutoCAD, Home PlanPro, ArCon Home and others.

Drawing of an open wooden gazebo with a gable roof

Before drawing up a project, you will need to decide on the size of the future gazebo. The size and area of ​​the gazebo directly affect the comfort of spending time in this structure and the amount of materials required, as well as waste that will remain after construction.

On average, it is generally accepted that there should be up to 4 m2 of free space per person. But in the realities of typical summer cottages, build large gazebo It is not always possible, since free space is very limited. For example, an average family of 6 people will need a gazebo with an area of ​​24 m2 (4x6m).

Drawing of an open gazebo made of rectangular wood (side view)

Therefore, we recommend starting from a value of 2–2.5 m2 per person. If you plan to place a table, barbecue, cooking area and other household items in the gazebo, then space for them should be allocated separately.

The height of the gazebo is determined based on the person with the maximum height in the family. A minimum of 10–15 cm should be added to this value - the resulting value will be equal to the height of the ceiling from which the roof structure will be laid. If you wish, you can deviate from this rule, but people with a height of 1.85 m or more will not be comfortable entering and exiting the building.

After determining the dimensions, you can proceed to drawing up the project. The drawing should show a schematic representation of the structure, indicating the main interface points from the foundation to the roof. If the scale allows, then you can indicate the number of fasteners.

Drawing of an open gazebo made from a profile pipe with hip roof polycarbonate

As an example, let's look at ready-made diagrams of wooden and steel gazebos, which are shown in the pictures in this section. The first and second diagrams show an open wooden gazebo on a columnar or slab foundation. The type of supporting base in this case does not play a fundamental role, since it is not planned to install a barbecue in the gazebo.

The length of the gazebo is 4 m, the width is 3.76 m, and the height to the ceiling is 2.1 m. The roof has a gable structure and is designed to be covered with slate or bitumen roll materials. For the manufacture of supports it is planned to use wooden beams 150x150 mm. To make the roof, you can use either a 30 mm thick edged board or a 100x100 mm timber.

Drawing of a semi-open wooden gazebo with a conical roof

The second diagram shows a gazebo made of a profile pipe on a columnar foundation with a hip roof. It is planned to use monolithic or cellular polycarbonate to cover the roof. If possible, you can use tempered glass.

The length of the gazebo is 3.5 m with a width of 2.6 m. The height to the roof level is 2 m, and the maximum height to the ridge is 2.4 m. As in the previous case, the gazebo is open, so it is light in weight.

Drawing of a semi-open wooden gazebo with a hexagonal shape

The third and fourth pictures show a diagram for a hexagonal semi-closed wooden gazebo. Columnar supports made of concrete at each corner will be used as the foundation for the structure. The height of the structure to the ceiling is 2.3 m, length is 3.6 m, and width is 3.1 m.

Structurally, round and hexagonal gazebos are more difficult to manufacture, since a more detailed calculation of the parameters is required and their exact observance when installing the foundation piping, which will play the role of a subfloor.

Made of wood

Wood, as mentioned above, is the most popular material for construction. It is easy to process, has a relatively low cost and a long service life, especially if protective agents are applied in a timely manner. Timber and wooden boards are also relevant if you do not plan to spend a lot of money on building a gazebo.

Selection and calculation of the required amount of materials

As an example, let's calculate the amount of material required for the construction of a hexagonal gazebo, the diagram of which was given above. The main material required for the construction of the structure is timber and thick edged boards.

Wooden beams 150x150 mm are the optimal material for the construction of frame gazebos

For a semi-open hexagonal gazebo you will need the following material:

In addition to the listed material, wood impregnation will be required. The composition is selected taking into account the capabilities of the owner of the site. It is not recommended to purchase cheap antiseptics, since their consumption is 2-3 times higher than branded analogues.

Required Tools

To build a wooden gazebo you will need the following tools:

• electric drill with mixer attachment;
• screwdriver with a set of bits;
• jigsaw or wood saw;
• hammer, tape measure and steel square;
• manual or electric drill;
• bayonet shovel;
• miter box and pencil;
• building level and stairs;
• container for concrete mixture;
• water container.

Stages of constructing a gazebo from timber and boards

The construction of a wooden gazebo begins with clearing the site where it is planned to be erected. To do this, you need to remove all debris, cut off bushes and remove weeds. The site must be level and dry. If necessary, you can fill it with sand.

The step-by-step technology for constructing a hexagonal gazebo and tree consists of the following:

1. According to the diagram drawn up earlier, it is necessary to mark the places for pouring concrete support pillars. To do this, mark the center in the selected area. From the center, use a rope or tape measure to set off the calculated distance. The result should be 7 supports: one in the center and six under each support pillar.

   A columnar foundation is most often used as a load-bearing foundation for wooden gazebos.

2. In the marked places we drill holes strictly in the center of the future pillar. Next, using a shovel, we remove the soil to a depth of 30–50 cm. The optimal shape of the trench is square. We line the walls of each trench with roofing material.
3. We mix concrete mortar based on cement-sand mixture M300 in bags. The concrete should not be too thick. For kneading, use an appropriate container and an electric drill with an attachment.
4. The resulting concrete mixture is poured into prepared trenches and compacted evenly with a reinforcement rod, wooden slats or other oblong object. After pouring, the supports are covered with polyethylene and left to dry for 7 days.
5. After 7 days you can begin laying brick supports. White is used for this sand-lime brick, cement-sand mixture and trowel. The height of the supports is 2–3 bricks. During the laying process, each support is checked for level. Drying time is at least 2 days.
6. While the supports are drying, you can begin preparing the strapping. According to the diagram, 6 pieces 1.8 m long are sawn off from a wooden beam 150x150 mm. The ends of the workpieces are cut at an angle of 35 degrees. To do this, use a miter box and a hacksaw.
7. Columns made of 150x150 mm timber, 2.3 m high, will be used as vertical load-bearing supports. Total pillars - 6 pcs. After their manufacture, you can immediately prepare the top trim from a 150x30 mm edged board. Length of blanks - 1.95 m, quantity - 6 pcs.
8. After the masonry has dried, they begin to assemble the frame of the gazebo. To do this, we line the supports with pieces of roofing felt. Next, a vertical support is set up and the lower trim blanks are attached to it on both sides. To do this, we use self-tapping screws 70–100 mm long and a galvanized mounting angle to suit the size.

   Before assembly, all joints must be treated with a wood antiseptic

9. The remaining vertical supports are positioned and the strapping is secured in a similar manner. It is better to carry out this work together, since it will not be possible for one person to hold the pole and attach the harness.
10. Installation of the top trim occurs in a similar way. The end of the workpiece is cut at an angle of 35 o. After this, the two workpieces are placed on supports and combined at the mating point. Then they are fixed onto a flat fastening strip through and into the support using 4 self-tapping screws.
11. To strengthen the bottom trim, measure the distance between the opposite edges of the gazebo. After this, you will need to prepare blanks of the required length from the timber. Then the workpiece is placed on the central support and fixed at the edges using corners and self-tapping screws. Diagonal struts are screwed in the same way.

    As rough coating 100x22 mm edged boards are used for bitumen roofing materials

12. To assemble the roof, you will need to measure the distance between the opposite edges of the top trim. After this, a workpiece is prepared, which is attached directly in the center of the upper trim. A vertical post 40–50 cm high is attached to this blank, which will provide the required roof slope.
13. The roof rafters are made of 150x30 mm wooden boards. To do this, measure the distance from the central post to the guide rail. We add 15–20 cm to the resulting value. The edges of the workpiece are filed at an angle of 35 o. At the junction with the harness, a notch is made in the shape of a board.
14. The rafters are installed with fastening to a galvanized angle and self-tapping screws. After installation, the roof is sheathed with 100x22 mm edged boards with a gap of 1–2 mm. At the same stage, you can install overhangs made of boards or metal.

    To cover the walls of the gazebo, sanded boards of the first or highest grade are used

15. Between support pillars Spacers made of 150x30 mm boards are mounted at a height of 90–100 cm. Next, you can begin covering the walls with any suitable board. Inside the gazebo, benches are mounted from boards 3 cm thick. For this purpose, supports are made that are attached to vertical supports. Blanks 30–40 cm long are mounted on top of the supports and horizontal boards are screwed.
16. On final stage bitumen roll coating is being laid under soft tiles. If necessary, you can lay roofing material in 2-3 layers. Afterwards, the tiles are laid from top to bottom according to the technology with an overlap of 3–5 cm.

During the assembly process, it should be taken into account that before laying, each workpiece must be treated with an antiseptic at least once. After assembly, the frame of the gazebo is processed again. Finally, you can apply decorative varnish or any other decorative coating.

Video: how to build a wooden gazebo in one day

Made from polycarbonate and metal

Metal gazebos are an excellent choice for small-sized areas, as they fit well due to their small dimensions, which are provided by thin load-bearing supports and fences. Monolithic or cellular polycarbonate with a thickness of no more than 12 mm is usually used as roofing.

Selection and calculation of materials for construction

As in the previous case, we will calculate the amount of material for the gazebo, the diagram of which is given in the “Drawings and Dimensions” section. This is a rectangular open gazebo with a hip roof. If desired, the roof can be replaced with a gable or semicircular one.

To build a rectangular metal gazebo you will need the following material:

It should be understood that materials are indicated taking into account a 10% surcharge. It is not recommended to take materials end to end, as costs may arise during the construction process. This is especially true for roofing materials.

Required Tools

To build a gazebo from a profile pipe, you will need the following tool:

• grinder with a metal disc;
• welding machine;
• electric drill with a set of drills and a mixer;
• screwdriver and screws for metal;
• container for concrete mixture;
• water container.

Stages of constructing a gazebo from a profile pipe

At the first stage of constructing a frame gazebo made of metal, you will need to clean and mark the area chosen as the location. To do this, use ordinary rope and wooden pegs, which are driven into the places where the foundation supports will be poured.

The assembly of the gazebo frame from a profile pipe takes place directly on the foundation supports

Further steps are identical to those described in the section on building a wooden gazebo. Trenches are prepared, concrete is mixed and poured. After this, the supports are covered and left to dry for 7–10 days.

After the supports have dried construction works are performed in the following sequence:

1. To assemble the frame, you will need to prepare 4 pieces of blanks, which will act as vertical supports. The length of the workpiece is equal to the height of the gazebo to the top trim.
2. Next, you will need to mark and saw off 4 long and 4 short blanks for the upper and lower trim. The dimensions of the blanks depend on the design length and width of the gazebo. In addition, you can immediately mark the pipe for handrails, floor and roof structures.

   To install the floor, a horizontal guide along the entire length of the gazebo is welded to the bottom trim of the frame.

3. To assemble the frame, you will need the help of a qualified welder. To assemble the frame you need to weld it to a vertical post bottom trim. To do this, the rack is placed on a concrete support and the elements of the upper and lower trim are welded to it.
4. To create a floor, you will need to measure the distance between the opposite sides of the gazebo along the width. After this, one workpiece is prepared, which is welded to the frame posts. Then the distance from the central posts to the welded guide is measured, and 2 more short pieces are prepared, which are also fixed for welding.

   To reinforce the floor in the gazebo, a 20x20 mm profile pipe is used, which is fixed in increments of 25–30 cm

5. To make the roof structure, you can use 2 options. In the first case, the roof is made from 150x30 mm edged boards. In the second case, a 20x20x2 profile pipe is used, which is bent at the desired angle to form a semicircular canopy.
6. To form a semicircular roof, you will need to take a profile pipe with a length greater than the width of the gazebo by 50–60 cm. Next, using special equipment or manual pipe bender the workpiece is bent until an arch is formed. The required number of blanks is 6–15 pcs. depending on the length of the gazebo.

   The curved roof arches made of 20x20 mm pipe are attached directly to the upper frame frame

7. The resulting arches are welded to the top trim in increments of 50 cm. For additional reinforcement, vertical struts are welded to the outer arches. And also in the upper part of the arches a horizontal guide from a 20x20 or 40x20 mm pipe is welded. The mounting principle can be seen in the image above.
8. At a height of 90–100 cm, a horizontal guide made of a 40x20x2 mm pipe is welded between the frame posts. Vertical posts are attached to it in increments of 50–60 cm to ensure required rigidity. Later, forged decorative items or fasteners for slats can be welded to the guide.

At the final stage, the polycarbonate is attached. To do this, install a connecting profile, which is mounted on the roof arches using self-tapping screws. Then marking, adjustment and installation of polycarbonate sheets between the profile is carried out.

Made of brick with barbecue

A brick gazebo is perfect for medium-sized and large-sized plots, when a separate building is needed in which it is planned to install a barbecue and equip small place for cooking.

Calculation of materials for a brick gazebo

When calculating the material for brick gazebos, you should take into account not only the size of the structure, but also its type. So, for semi-open gazebos you will need half or even a second less material than for closed structures.

To calculate the material, it is better to use special online calculators, since it is quite difficult to calculate the brick manually. When making calculations, take into account the height of the corner supports, the width of the wall and the number window openings. Laying a furnace and calculating materials for it is very difficult to do on your own, especially for people without experience in masonry work.

For laying barbecues and small stoves in the gazebo, only heat-resistant stove bricks are used

Therefore, we recommend contacting qualified specialists who will inspect the construction site and calculate the material according to your requirements. And it should also be taken into account that the roof covering above the place where the barbecue or large stove will be laid is carried out only after the installation of the equipment itself.

To lay the foundation for a brick gazebo (10 m2) you will need:

• cement-sand mixture - for heavy gazebos it is necessary to pour a full-fledged slab foundation 20 cm thick. For example, for the foundation of a gazebo with an area of ​​10 m2, about 2 m3 of mixture or 770 kg of cement and 1800 kg of sand are required;
• fine-grained sand - in addition to the concrete mixture, sand is necessary for the formation sand and gravel cushion. The thickness of the pillow is 15 cm, which is approximately equal to 1,500–1,600 kg;
• crushed stone of fraction 20–40 - will be required to form a cushion over the base area. For a layer 10 cm thick, about 3 tons of crushed stone is needed;
• reinforcement Ø12 mm - required for reinforcing the foundation. Taking into account the fact that the reinforcement is laid in increments of 15 cm in two rows, about 300 m will be required for reinforcement.

Required Tools

To build a brick gazebo you will need the following tools:

Stages of constructing a brick gazebo

If you have never worked with brickwork before, then in order to save money on building a brick gazebo, we recommend pouring the foundation for the structure yourself. After this, you should contact professionals who, taking into account the project, will carry out everything necessary work on bricklaying.

The technology for constructing a brick gazebo consists of the following:

1. The selected area of ​​land for the gazebo must be cleared of debris, weeds and bushes. After this, the necessary markings are carried out taking into account the size of the future gazebo. To do this, use any convenient pegs and strong rope.
2. Along the perimeter of the marked area, soil is removed to a depth of 40 cm. It should be taken into account that the thickness of the foundation will be 20 cm, and the minimum thickness of the sand and gravel cushion will be at least 15 cm.

   To increase strength, the slab foundation is reinforced with reinforcement rods Ø10–12 mm

3. The bottom of the dug pit is carefully leveled. Along the edges of the pit, formwork from edged boards or panel materials is installed. During installation, the formwork panels are securely fixed to each other using fastening angles and self-tapping screws.
4. Fine-grained sand is poured into the bottom of the trench and compacted thoroughly. The layer thickness is 10 cm. It is optimal if a vibrating machine is used. In the absence of it, you can get by with a beam with a cross-section of 120 mm, to which a rail is screwed for a comfortable grip.
5. On top sand cushion a layer of gravel 10 cm thick is formed. The gravel is also carefully compacted. A reinforcing mesh or the bottom row of a reinforcing cage based on reinforcement Ø10–12 mm is laid on the gravel layer. Next, the second row is attached to the bottom row using welding or wire to a height of 12–14 cm.

   The laying of pillars and parapets can only begin after completely dry concrete foundation

6. A concrete mixture based on M300 cement is mixed. A concrete mixer is used for this. If possible, concrete can be ordered from the factory, which will only improve its strength properties. Ready mix poured into the pit and carefully distributed using shovels. As the concrete is poured, it is compacted using a vibrating screed.
7. The drying time of the concrete mixture is at least 27 days. During the drying process, the surface of the foundation should be moistened with water. While the concrete dries, you can contact specialists who will calculate the amount of brick needed to build a gazebo.
8. After the foundation has dried, the formwork is dismantled. In the place where the brick will be laid, a layer of rolled waterproofing is spread. Next, they begin laying square supports and parapets.

   For the manufacture of roof rafters, edged boards 150x30 mm or timber 100x100 mm are used

9. After the parapets are laid out to a height of 50–70 cm, their laying stops. The laying of vertical supports continues until they are raised to a height of 1.9 m.
10. To make supports for the rafter system, a 20x20 cm wooden beam is used. 8 blanks 20 cm high are made from it. After this, the blanks are installed on brick pillars.
11. A 15x15 cm timber frame is attached to the installed supports. A galvanized strip and 100 mm long self-tapping screws are used for fastening. Next, short guides from other supports are attached to the harness.

    The laying of stove equipment inside the gazebo should be entrusted to professionals

12. To make the rafters, a thick board 200x50 mm is used. The rafters are fastened together in the center of the gazebo using strips and screws. A vertical stand is mounted in the center for support. Finally, the rafters are fixed at the bottom and laid OSB boards or rough board 100x20 mm. The board is not laid at the pipe outlet.

After the roof installation work has been completed, you can contact a professional stove maker to draw up a design for the future stove or barbecue, and also calculate the required material.

If you plan to install a ready-made barbecue, you can purchase chimney pipes and, based on their diameter, complete the roof. To do this, you will need to install a metal outlet box in the roof structure, which will be filled with a non-combustible insulator. After this, you can begin laying roofing felt and flexible tiles.

How to arrange and decorate

After completing the main stages of construction, it is worth taking care of the interior arrangement and decoration of the gazebo. This will not only transform the appearance of the building, but will also significantly improve the quality of rest.

Lighting is the simplest and effective way decorate any gazebo

To arrange and decorate a gazebo, you can use the following recommendations:

• benches and seating areas - for wooden benches, chairs and other seating areas, you can independently make soft covers from foam rubber, old rags and suitable fabric. Additionally, you can take care of pillows and floor mats;
• curtains - both natural and artificial fabrics can be used to make curtains and curtains. We recommend using translucent fabrics like organza. They will fit perfectly into any interior, regardless of the type of construction;
• flowers are the most common and beautiful way to decorate any outdoor building or gazebo. These can be fresh flowers in hanging containers and flowerpots, bouquets and compositions in floor vases, as well as climbing summer plants;
• lighting - garlands and other low-power lighting priors can not only successfully highlight the exterior of the gazebo, but also create the right atmosphere inside the structure.

Photo gallery: various ways to decorate gazebos

Semi-open gazebo made of wood illuminated by external lighting fixtures
Semi-open wooden gazebo decorated with thick curtains and flowers
Semi-open wooden gazebo with contour LED backlight roofs
Semi-open gazebo decorated with climbing flowers
Semi-open wooden hexagonal gazebo with blackout curtains
Closed gazebo with barbecue and glazing decorated with curtains

How to extend the life of a building

When building a gazebo and other adjacent structures, it is recommended to follow basic rules that guarantee that the structure being built will last for several decades without causing significant problems.

Impregnation of wood with an antiseptic helps prevent wood rotting due to high humidity

Such rules include the following:

• foundation - the minimum depth of foundation supports must be at least 30 cm. On moving and damp types of soil, at least 50 cm. If skills and capabilities allow, then it is better to reinforce each support;
• foundation piping - before installing the foundation piping, the junction point is isolated with a gasket made of bitumen roll material. When laying, the lower part of the beam or profile pipe is treated with bitumen varnish;
• gazebo frame and roof structure - wooden gazebos are impregnated with wood antiseptic 2 times. Among the tested compositions one can note the products of Pinotex, Luxens and Tikkurila;
• ventilation - closed gazebos must be ventilated 2-3 times a month, especially if there is heavy rainfall in the region where it is built. Open gazebos are also ventilated, especially if they are hung with very thick fabrics;
• roofing - with use, the roofing material wears out. It may appear cracked, chipped or small holes. It is recommended to carry out a preventive inspection of the roof once a month and replace leaky areas as necessary.

Building a gazebo is a labor-intensive process, especially if you have never done similar types of work yourself before. The simplest types of wooden gazebos can be made independently, without turning to specialists for help. To do this, it is recommended to carefully study all the instructions presented and draw up a detailed project for the future structure. Then the construction will be completed without serious problems and on time.