Currently, decorative plaster is commonly understood as several different types of this finishing material. Experts claim that this is a marketing ploy by the manufacturers. The composition of this plaster is almost the same. You should study this aspect more carefully to understand the types and methods of using this tool.

Peculiarities

Decorative plaster is the main competitor of wallpaper when it comes to covering walls. It is worth knowing that this is not the material that is used to level walls. This type of building material has its own characteristics. It is both a leveler and a final coating in itself.

Decorative plaster contains additional substances that distinguish it from ordinary plaster.

This type of finishing material has a number of undeniable advantages. For example, such plaster can be the base and at the same time the finish. It perfectly hides wall unevenness and, due to its high percentage of plasticity, can fill any cracks and crevices.

Decorative plaster has no special restrictions on application. It goes well with stone, brick, concrete and plasterboard walls. The only feature is that it must be firmly attached to the wall. But this requirement applies to all types of finishing materials.

Decorative plaster does not absorb odors at all and is perfect for decoration kitchen space. This is one of its features and an undeniable advantage compared to other finishing materials. It has excellent soundproofing properties.

Another feature of decorative plaster is its unique appearance. The final version will look unique depending on the application technique and the tools used. If there are small defects on the wall, you do not need to carry out preliminary preparation. Experts recommend getting by with just a light primer of the surface.

The most common use of decorative plaster is indoors. It allows air to pass through and prevents the formation of fungi and other harmful microorganisms. Due to this specific finishing material, the repair will last its owners much longer.

Thanks to the properties of the material, unusual patterns and designs can be created in the process of wall finishing. Some experts recommend making multi-colored designs from decorative plaster. This way the walls will look original and stylish.

Basically, the plaster contains natural ingredients. They are environmentally friendly and safe for people, children and pets. For some, this is the main criterion when choosing a finishing material. This coating can last for many years. It can withstand minor mechanical damage, which can often happen in the kitchen and nursery.

When professionals work, everything seems simple and easy. When applying decorative plaster, there are a number of features that you need to remember.

This will help you avoid mistakes during the work process and get the desired result.

When choosing decorative plaster, you need to study the entire range of this product presented in a hardware store. It would be a good idea to consult with the seller. It is best to find a large sample with plaster applied to it. It is necessary to buy material with a reserve. This will save you from additional expenses and hassle. It will not be very pleasant if the plaster runs out in the midst of renovation work.

It is important to choose the right tools for a specific type of plaster and achieving the desired effect. The minimum is two spatulas. It is necessary that one of them be wide and the second narrow. To make more textured designs, you will have to purchase a special roller and a smoothing iron with round ends. If the owners want to paint the walls, then they need to purchase additional brushes or rollers for applying it.

If there are no serious defects, you can forget about leveling the walls. Decorative plaster has an amazing property - it will hide all the imperfections. But if the defects on the walls are obvious, then you should first go over the entire surface with putty. This will significantly save the family budget. Experts believe that the finer the relief pattern, the better the alignment of the walls.

Before using decorative plaster, the entire surface of the walls is thoroughly primed. For a novice master, it is better to start working with inconspicuous areas. This will help you gain a little experience, and the resulting defects will be hidden from view. Many builders recommend practicing on a sheet of drywall first.

After applying the plaster, you can make a certain relief or design on it. High-quality applied material is moisture resistant. These walls can be washed. It is important not to use aggressive chemicals. It is better to use soft sponges and rags. Metal brushes and scrapers when washing decorative plaster are unacceptable.

Some builders additionally cover such plaster with a layer of wax. But this method will protect from moisture rather than from various damages. If there is a need to change the interior, the plaster can simply be painted over with a different color.

In case of further wallpapering, it is permissible to putty the walls on top of the old layer.

Types and effects

IN construction industry There are several types of decorative plaster. Very often it is divided according to the type of filler or binder. It is better to check in advance about its quality and features with builders or consultants in specialized stores.

If we consider this material by type of filler, it will differ appearance, not composition.

Let's look at some types and effects of decorative plaster:

• Textured or embossed plaster creates a rather noticeable pattern on the wall. It will help make any imperfections on the wall invisible. This plaster is very inexpensive and is very popular in our country. It is quite easy to apply, which is a definite advantage for beginners.

It can be divided into several textures that have interesting names. The "bark beetle" resembles furrows in an old tree. And when using colored paint, this effect is only enhanced. Lamb creates a grainy surface that appears very soft and curly from a distance. “Fur Fur” is a little similar to the second option, but visually more fleecy.

• Structural view is the most unpredictable in terms of final finish. Even an experienced craftsman will not be able to predict the final appearance of this decorative plaster.

• Venetian plaster It has flat surface. To apply it to the wall, the master must have sufficient experience. It takes quite a lot of time to apply it. But in the end, the owners get a perfect wall that looks a little like stone. In bright lighting, the effect of a marble surface and internal lighting is created.

• Other options decorative plaster have diverse characteristics. You can buy wood-effect decorative plaster at a hardware store. Material that imitates silk is becoming popular. It is very popular to decorate utility pantries and warehouses with gypsum plaster. Colored plaster can also belong to this group of materials.

Scope of application

Many experts consider this product to be one of the most versatile types of finishing material. It can be used on any surface. The result is a very interesting and intricate relief of the walls and ceiling.

The widespread use of plaster is explained by its good vapor permeability, durability and resistance to various natural influences.

In addition, this type of material does not always require additional putty on the walls.

When using this material in a children's room, you should carefully choose the composition. Decorative plaster should not contain resins of synthetic origin. When applying the material to the walls, do not make sharp corners. It is important to think about the safety of your child.

In the bathroom and toilet it is worth using cement-based material.

For the kitchen area it is worth using glass and plastic aprons. This is especially true for the food preparation and dishwashing areas. For those who want to use decorative plaster in the kitchen, experts recommend covering the walls with an additional coat of paint or clear varnish. Such additional means of protection will help protect the walls from grease and soot, which are simply inevitable in the kitchen.

Available for sale special kind material that is intended for outdoor use. This type of plaster is absolutely not suitable for use at home. This is due to the substances included in the composition. They give the plaster additional resistance and strength to the effects of snow, rain and sun.

Other mixture options are only suitable for indoor use. This decorative plaster is environmentally friendly and contains natural ingredients. This material cannot be used for finishing building facades. Due to its natural composition and the absence of aggressive components, the material will not withstand the effects of natural disasters.

In specialized stores you can also find universal plaster. It can be used in residential apartments. It also performed well when used on building facades. This decorative plaster contains substances that are safe for people. The composition also contains special components that extend the service life of the material on facades. This type of decorative plaster is the most expensive.

Many builders are sure that such plaster looks great in rooms with large area. Decorative plaster is used to decorate all walls or small fragments of them. Designers are confident that some types of material can visually increase the area of ​​a room.

This is achieved through a special application style and the use of light paint.

Currently, the material can be applied to wood, drywall or brick. You can use a concrete or already plastered wall as a base. A plastic surface is not the best option for applying decorative plaster. It is a fairly strong material, so it is important that it is applied correctly.

It can also be used in the hallway. It will be able to withstand minor mechanical damage that can happen in everyday life.

How to cook it yourself?

Currently, this type of finishing material does not lose its popularity. Construction stores offer a huge range of this material. She has different composition, service life and finishing surface. All types of decorative plaster have in common only a fairly high cost.

If you want to have an original interior, but limited financial possibilities or a clearly defined estimate for renovation work, you can try making decorative plaster with your own hands.

It may contain sand, gypsum or cement. Fillers can be chips of natural stones. It is advisable to add components to the resulting composition to increase the viscosity of the material, as well as antiseptic and moisture-resistant additives.

The finishing option will depend on the type, quality and quantity of filler. The most widely used version of decorative plaster contains grains up to five millimeters in size. It is important to know that in decorative plaster the filler should not exceed 70% of total number solution.

There are different ways to prepare decorative plaster. Let's look at the simplest and most popular of them.

Very often, gypsum plaster is used during repairs. This type of decorative plaster dries instantly, is easy to apply and levels well. It's very easy to do. You need to purchase gypsum flour and make limestone dough. These components must be mixed together in a ratio of one to three. Then a small amount of water is added. You need to add water gradually, stirring the solution evenly.

As a result, it should resemble thick sour cream in consistency. At the very end, if desired, color is added. In order for the solution to be plastic, all proportions must be strictly observed.

To make your own lime paste, you will need slaked lime and water.

The ratio of components should be one to three. After kneading, cover the resulting mixture with a lid and put it in a dark place for about a day.

Popular methods for preparing plaster at home are those with the addition of silicate-based components. Preparation of the bulk is carried out in the same way as in the first case. Another element is liquid glass. It is poured into the resulting solution, and then a little water is added. The amount of silicate in such a mixture should not exceed 5%.

A more budget-friendly option for decorative plaster would be a mixture of sand and cement. To prepare such a composition, you will need cement, sand and slaked lime. The proportions of this composition are approximately one to two. After mixing the main components, silicate is added to the mass. Its share should not exceed 5% of the total mass. At the very end, water is added to the mixture. Stone chips should not exceed 70%.

These are fairly simple methods for making the material. It is important to maintain accurate proportions and consistency. Before starting work, you can watch a master class from an experienced builder.

To purchase decorative plaster that does not require preliminary preparation, it is worth turning to ready-made mixtures. In this case, you should pay attention to textured plaster. Its surface is almost flat. The desired pattern is obtained using spatulas, brushes and rollers. In addition, an experienced craftsman has more opportunities when working with such material. Structural plaster is applied much easier and faster. It is ideal for an inexperienced craftsman.

For rooms with high humidity It is worth paying attention to cement plaster. Builders add about ten kilograms of tile adhesive to a bag of cement. 500 grams of plasticizer are added to the resulting mixture. Then water is poured in evenly and everything is thoroughly mixed.

Venetian plaster is considered the most exquisite and amazing. It refers to textured varieties. Due to its popularity and variety of effects, it is allocated to a special group.

Marble dust is quite expensive. To reduce the cost of manufacturing such a coating, granite and malachite chips are usually added to it. After applying the material to the wall, it needs to be treated with a trowel. This means that the plaster must have very finely ground stones in its composition.

For this, it is better to use natural and finely dispersed fillers.

The next component is slaked lime. It acts as a component for linking all funds. Usually ready-made construction mixtures Instead of slaked lime, the composition contains acrylic resins. Special dyes will also be required. Previously, natural plant juice was used. Currently, they have been replaced by synthetic components.

It is possible to use running water during operation. It is important to monitor its temperature. It should not be below ten degrees. In the standard recipe Venetian plaster all of the above components are present. Stone dust and slaked lime are thoroughly mixed until they form a homogeneous mass of fairly thick consistency.

Then running water is added to the resulting composition and everything is mixed again. At the same time, dye, antiseptic and metallizing particles are added. Due to the peculiarities of applying this type of decorative plaster, the finest fillers are required.

Experienced builders suggest considering two more options for preparing this type of material. The first is quite simple - the material is mixed with flour from white marble. The proportions are one to ten. Then water and colored paint are added to the resulting composition.

The second option is a little more difficult to prepare. For 7 kilograms of marble sand, about 1.5 kilograms of flour of a similar composition are added. Then 700 grams of white Portland cement are added to the composition, followed by about a kilogram of lime dough.

A novice master needs strict adherence to all proportions. It is better to use paper to write down all the components.

Consumption per 1 m2

Before starting finishing work using decorative plaster, it is important to make a competent calculation of the material. As a rule, it is customary to consider the mixture consumption per one square meter.

Decorative plaster perfectly imitates stones, wood or leather. Despite its cost, it is very budget-friendly in terms of consumption. Most often, the consumption per square meter of wall or ceiling ranges from one to one and a half kilograms.

Plaster, reminiscent of wood in texture, has the most low consumption. The total thickness of the layer should not be more than one centimeter.

If the plaster contains large grains, then two layers must be applied.

Structural plaster is made from a mixture of acrylic, cement or gypsum. This mixture is sold in 25 kilogram packages. To decorate a ten square meter wall you need one or two bags.

The mixture based on acrylic dispersions is homogeneous in consistency with the presence of small grains. The size of these grains does not exceed two millimeters. Plaster in finished form has quite a noticeable consumption. If there is a fraction of one millimeter, the consumption is two and a half kilograms per square meter of wall or ceiling.

This plaster is usually sold in plastic packaging of 15 kilograms. For 10 meters of wall you need about two plastic packages. This amount of material will be needed to apply one layer of decorative plaster.

In great demand uses a structural material that includes marble chips or a mixture of marble and granite chips. The layer of material can be from one to three millimeters. This depends on the depth of texture required. To apply the material to a wall of 10 square meters, you will need one package of material with a volume of 25 kilograms.

If we consider the structural material, then most often it is used to decorate the fireplace. A solution of such plaster is sold in plastic packaging of 15 kilograms. To apply plaster to a ten square meter wall, you need to buy two packages of the material.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the decorative plaster “Bark beetle”. The consumption of this product ranges from 2.5 to 4 kilograms per square meter. This scatter is due to the different grain sizes in the structure of the product and the thickness of the layer.

Still, before purchasing, you should consult with the seller at the hardware store. A specialist will accurately determine the possible consumption of decorative plaster of this type. It would be a good idea to read the information about the material on the packaging.

Venetian plaster allows you to create an imitation of marble on the wall in all its splendor. In terms of consumption, it is the most budgetary. Savings result from a perfectly level surface. Considering the cost of work and the price of the material itself, Venetian plaster is the most expensive.

Application process

For plastering work you will need a set of tools. This should be sandpaper or a special machine, two types of spatulas, brushes, polyethylene film, putty and primers.

The technology for applying decorative plaster is not very complicated.

At the beginning of the work, the surface is cleaned and traces of corrosion, old paint or wallpaper are removed. The entire surface is treated with sandpaper. Remaining dust can be removed using a vacuum cleaner or brush. Cracks or gouges may appear on the wall. They should be sealed with putty and wait for it to dry completely.

After this, it is worth treating the surface with a primer. It must be applied twice with an interval of 3-4 hours. Completion of this stage of work is mandatory. The primer will improve the adhesion of the plaster to the wall.

During the drying process of the primer material, the entire work area should be covered with polyethylene film. It is advisable to cover furniture and all mirror surfaces. For reliability, the film is fixed with construction tape. Then you should start preparing decorative plaster.

To apply the structural material, use a spatula with a wide base. The plaster is applied to the wall and then stretched using a wide spatula. The first layer can be of different thicknesses, the main thing is that it is even. You can continue working only after 5-12 hours. During this time, the plaster should thoroughly adhere to the wall and primer.

After this, the entire surface of the wall is treated with a plastic trowel. You can move in a circle or chaotically. Due to the hard granules in the decorative plaster, grooves are formed on the surface. Once the material dries, they will create the effect of natural and natural materials.

After this, you need to leave the walls to dry for at least another day. Then a special primer is applied and rollers and brushes are used. With their help, the specialist applies the first layer of paint, and then the second. The last coat of paint should be a tone or two lighter than the first. The last stage The job will be to apply a layer of wax.

When working independently, it is best to apply decorative plaster with a wide spatula. It takes quite a long time to dry, so you can apply it to all the walls at once. In order for a pattern to form on the surface, the thickness of the entire plaster must be three millimeters. In this case, it is important to apply the product over all walls or ceilings.

Without allowing the material to harden, you can proceed to the next stage of work. Brushes, stencils, stamps, rollers and a trowel will come in handy here. Thanks to uneven patterns, the plaster will acquire a certain texture. The resulting solution cannot be pressed deeper than one and a half millimeters.

If you do this, the material will not be durable and will begin to peel off very quickly.

A day after completion of work, the entire surface must be primed. Then the walls are treated with wax. It will be possible to touch and place furniture in this room two days after the completion of all construction work.

Venetian plaster is more capricious and difficult to work with. If you prepare the solution yourself, you should use a spatula with a wide base. The surface is leveled using a trowel.

You should not press the tool too hard. All movements should be chaotic. A second and third coat of Venetian plaster should also be applied. The interval between coats is eight to ten hours.

Then the Venetian plaster trowel is pressed firmly against the surface and passed over the entire wall. This should be done until a metallic sheen is obtained. At the very end, the wall needs to be waxed and gently sanded.

It is quite possible to prepare decorative plaster yourself. This will take a little more effort and time, but will save the family budget quite significantly.

Decorative plaster should always be purchased with a reserve of at least 10%. It will be needed if the material dries out or falls on the floor during application.

The issue of saving is always very relevant. This is especially true for estimates for repair work. U experienced craftsmen There are some rules and secrets that can reduce material consumption per square meter.

For rough work, they suggest using the most inexpensive cement-based mixtures. At the beginning of work, you need to try to level the walls as much as possible. The differences should not exceed five millimeters. If the walls are too crooked, you should use plasterboard. This budget option will help you quickly and economically give your walls a smooth surface.

You cannot skimp on primer material. It is best to use those products recommended by the decorative plaster manufacturer. The most important thing is to plan everything correctly before starting the renovation. Correctly calculated quantities and selection of successful consumables will help you save money and protect you from additional purchases.

When using Venetian plaster, you should watch video tutorials or sign up for special courses. We must not forget about rough samples. They are best done a few days before the start of the main work. Drywall is perfect for this. Decorative plaster is a very expensive material, so you should carefully prepare for its application.

A novice master should apply decorative plaster to small areas walls These can be arches or small structures based on plasterboard. Small defects will not be so noticeable on them. And here large canvas the wall will not make it possible to hide the first experience of a novice master.

An interesting design option for the corridor and part of the living room would be brick or brickwork. It will look more elegant if you imitate brickwork using decorative plaster. Imitation significantly saves space. Construction work will take much less time than using real bricks.

There are two ways to create imitation brickwork. In the first case, the wall is drawn manually, and in the second, special metal stencils are used. Decorative plaster is poured into them.

At independent work A novice craftsman should use a narrow metal spatula. This tool will help smooth out the edges of the “bricks” and add a little texture.

Whatever method and type of decorative plaster is chosen, it is important to treat the matter with the utmost care and study in advance all the features of applying and preparing decorative plaster. Then a wonderful result will not take long to arrive.

Watch the following video for a master class on applying decorative plaster "Velvet Relief".

Decorative plaster is always an exquisite wall design. Its application is a labor-intensive and expensive process, but the resulting coating is very strong and durable. There are several most popular application techniques, but with the advent of new plaster compositions, the variety of textures and patterns is growing. In this article we will look at the features of decorative plaster of walls with our own hands.

Types of decorative plaster

For ease of storage, most decorative plasters are sold dry. These mixtures already include a plaster base and decorative fillers (sand, stone chips, fibers, antiseptic additives, dyes). How larger size filler - the higher the consumption will be ready mixture per m2 and, accordingly, the pattern is more prominent.

• Decorative plasters are divided into 2 main types: façade and for interior work . In the first case, frost-resistant and moisture-resistant additives are added to the mixture. They are also more resistant to ultraviolet rays, which preserves their color for many years even on southern facades.

Tip: when choosing decorative facade plaster It is better to give preference to light and pastel shades. Even the most high-quality composition with bright pigmentation it begins to fade over time.

Decorative plasters for interior work are called interior plasters and are divided according to their composition into:

• mineral. It prevents the appearance and spread of mold. High moisture resistance allows its use in rooms with high humidity. But due to low elasticity, cracks may appear at large temperature changes;
• acrylic. Good elasticity and durability of the coating have made it one of the most popular. But it has 2 disadvantages: high cost and difficult to clean when dirty;
• silicate Although it has a high price, it is completely justified. The coating based on silicate plaster is very practical, durable and durable;
• silicone. Among all the above types, this is the most durable composition for interior work.

According to the type of pattern and texture obtained, all decorative plasters are divided into:

• structural coating. It contains fillers of different properties and sizes - from fibers to pebbles. The most popular covering of this type is bark beetle. It is made on a cement and synthetic basis. Application is the simplest of all types;
• mineral coating. It is made on the basis of marble chips, lime and cement, therefore it also has thermal insulation properties. And thanks to the modifiers in the composition, it has moisture-resistant properties. Has low consumption and is recommended for interior and exterior work;
• Venetian plaster. Known for several centuries. These compositions are very expensive, since the composition includes a dusty fraction of marble, which after application creates the effect of walls with the shimmer of natural stone. It is difficult to apply and takes a very long time, since several layers are made. Suitable for interior use only.

Advantages of decorative plaster

• Plaster gives the appearance of the house nobility and makes the interior multifaceted. It will be an excellent basis for any design, and the heterogeneity of the coating and color will create a unique range of colors.
• Decorative plasters not only decorate the walls, but also, due to their moisture-resistant properties, protect the base on which they are applied.
• If the application technology is followed, it will decorate walls for many years, without cracks or rust, even in regions with harsh winters.

• Most popular textures of decorative plasters do not require special skills when applied. That's why final cost, taking into account doing the work yourself, competes with other wall and ceiling coverings.
• When using plaster with coarse filler, very little is required careful preparation walls
• To change the appearance of the room and facade, simply repaint the plaster. By changing the color, its relief and texture will remain.

Tools and materials for applying decorative plaster with your own hands

Of course, the specific set of materials and devices will depend on the chosen decorative coating and the method of its application.

• Primer;
• finishing putty;
• decorative plaster;
• glossy or matte wax;
• spatulas of different sizes;
• tassels;
• paint tray;
• rollers with a relief pattern;
• sponge, rags, etc.

Preparatory work before plastering interior walls with your own hands

• If used plaster composition with a small relief, the walls are prepared perfectly evenly - as if for painting.
• The finishing putty is applied very thin layer, its main goal is not to level the surface, but to close all the pores. After it has dried, the surface is sanded with a paint trowel or a fine-grained trowel. As a result, dust is formed and if it is not removed, the decorative plaster will peel off in the future. Dust the wall with a primer.

• When applying the final decorative coating, you must remember that in one day it is recommended to do no more than two walls that are not adjacent to each other, so as not to spoil the design in the corners.
• If plaster gets on the floor or other objects, it is recommended to wipe it off immediately. Otherwise, it will harden and can only be removed with a spatula, and there is a risk of scratching the surface.

DIY decorative structural plaster

• This is the most preferred option for self-application if you have no experience.
• It is sold ready-made in plastic buckets of various sizes. For indoor work, the compositions are manufactured at water based and therefore do not have a sharp unpleasant odor. In addition, all structural plasters are very elastic and easy to work with with any tool.

• For exterior work, such compositions based on cement and lime are chosen.

Stages of work

• Since the composition has bulk fillers, perfect surface leveling is not required in this case. The most important thing is that the surface is dust-free and dry. In addition, the primer creates an additional moisture-resistant layer between the surface and decorative coating, and also enhances their adhesion.
• Apply decorative composition with a spatula, starting at the top and working downwards. The first layer is very important. They are used to align internal and external corners.
• You can level it with even, straight movements, but it will look more advantageous if applied in chaotic directions. Such stripes will create a unique pattern.
• When the layer is completely finished over the entire area (and this must always be done at once, otherwise the joint will be visible) it is left to dry completely. It’s better not to rush and wait a day.
• Next, they make the top layer, which is called the covering layer. Sometimes it turns out to be quite thick, especially when creating corners or niches. And it takes up to two days for it to dry completely.

• If the resulting coating seems too dull and uniform, it is additionally painted with a sponge, creating an imitation of highlights or scuffs.
• When the paint has dried, the entire area is treated with protective wax.

DIY decorative textured plaster

• The complexity of the design, its volume and texture will depend on the application method and the tools used. The compositions for it may not have a filler, so even ordinary finishing plaster will do, with the help of which a relief surface will be created.
• The most popular designs for textured plaster are in the form of tree bark or compressed paper.
• The quality of the resulting coating will be influenced by the composition of the plaster. Thus, the best relief and guarantee against cracking can be achieved with polymer compounds. But in most cases, the basis is lime flour with various fillers.

Stages of work

• If the solution for plastering the walls was made with your own hands, then before starting the main work it is checked. Apply it to a section of the wall and make sure that it is not too liquid and does not run off, but it should not be too thick either, otherwise the plaster will lose its plasticity and harden too quickly.
• It is advisable to carry out the work together. While one applies and smoothes the composition, the other gives it shape. If this is not possible, then the surface is immediately divided into several zones and done in stages. This is important, because the applied composition sets quickly, and the relief must be formed immediately.

• Plaster is applied to the wall. If it is fine-grained, then the layer is 2-3 mm; if the filling fraction is large, then the layer is equal to its thickness.
• Forming a relief is a creative process and the final result will depend only on the flight of imagination of the master. Often, the end result is very different from what was originally planned.

But there are still several common ways to create a decorative texture on plaster. For example:

• using a sponge. The sponge is moistened in a soapy water solution so that it does not stick to the plaster. And they press, as if pressing, and at the same time, turn in a circular motion. This way they cover the entire area, leaving no untreated areas;
• using a grater. This is a special grater for decorative plaster. With its help, vertical furrows are applied that replicate the tree bark. Their configuration will change depending on the pressure and angle of pressure;
• application in uneven bumps will be an exciting process. The plaster consumption will be high, but the end result will be a beautiful texture called “fur coat”. Most often it is done when plastering external walls with your own hands. Since application is simple and a very noticeable thermal insulation layer is created on the facade.

To emphasize the texture, as a rule, finishing coloring is carried out in 2 stages:

• first, the entire surface and all the recesses are very carefully painted with a lighter tone;
• when the paint dries, only the protruding parts of the relief are painted with a darker shade. If the area is small, then do it with a brush; for larger volumes, it is more convenient to work with a smooth roller.

The final step is to apply a wax-based protective varnish.

DIY decorative plaster video

DIY decorative Venetian plaster

• Initially, it is sold in a transparent form as a ready-made solution in jars. If desired, it can be tinted in any chosen shade.
• Walls for Venetian plaster are ideally prepared, since the applied layer has no relief.
• Suitable for use in residential areas and made on the basis natural materials: slaked lime, water and marble dust.
• In addition to its high decorative qualities, Venetian plaster has high moisture resistance, is environmentally friendly, does not have an unpleasant odor and is fireproof.

Stages of work

• If the mixture is purchased in dry form, then immediately before starting work it is diluted in such an amount that it is enough to cover the entire wall at once. The mixture is gradually added to the water and mixed with a mixer. At the very end, color is added. The proportions are indicated on the packaging by the manufacturer; the consistency should be elastic and not liquid. In this case, the temperature in the room in which the solution is prepared should not be lower than +10 °C.
• The first layer is made very thin and covers the entire area evenly.

• The second layer should already create the drawing. To do this, the solution is applied with arbitrary smooth movements with a rubber spatula. Each layer is applied only after the previous one has completely dried (at least 6 hours).
• Venetian plaster requires at least 4 layers, but ideally there should be 12.
• The rich and deep color range of natural marble can be achieved if each layer has a different shade.
• For a beautiful glossy shine, protective wax is applied to the coating.

Lime decorative plaster

• This inexpensive way decorate the walls. Since the solution is prepared independently, and all the components for it are expensive. In addition, lime-based decorative plaster is environmentally friendly and does not have an unpleasant odor.
• Important: this solution takes much longer to harden, so it is not recommended to apply a thick layer, otherwise it will “float”.

Making lime mortar for plastering walls with your own hands

• Lime plaster is a composition of sand and slaked lime. These ratios may vary and are selected individually. So, if the solution does not stick to the wall as it should, you should add lime to it, and if it sticks too much to the spatula, then, on the contrary, add sand.
• First we slak the lime. Pour the required amount of lime into a container (any container except plastic) and pour warm water and close tightly with a lid. When the boiling reaction is over, filter the lime through 2 layers of gauze. The resulting mass is set aside for a day to thicken.
• Sifted sand and a little water are added to the lime and mixed until smooth. And gradually adding sand and water at the same time in small portions, the solution is brought to the desired consistency. The finished plaster can be used within 2 days.

Advice: if you want to make lime plaster with decorative relief or filling, you should not use it in pure form. It is recommended to make lime-cement or lime-gypsum compositions.

Decorative plaster of walls with cement mortar

Cement-based decorative plaster is used in most cases for facade cladding.

How to make a cement plaster solution with your own hands

Cement, sand and water are used as a base; in addition, various polymer additives and mineral fillers for relief.

The peculiarity of plastering walls with cement mortar with your own hands lies in the correctly prepared mortar:

• too fat it will happen if you overdo it with the amount of binder component, in this case cracking may begin already during setting;
• skinny They call plaster, which contains a lot of water and mineral filler, and, on the contrary, little cement. This solution will quickly begin to peel off from the surface;
• normal composition- in which the quality of cement and the fraction of sand filler are maintained in the correct proportions.

Stages of applying decorative plaster to the facade with your own hands

• First, the facade is plastered with starting putty and the reinforcing mesh is immediately embedded into this layer. This will allow you to level the walls (especially if the work is done on foam blocks, polystyrene foam or penoplex), and make a solid base for the decorative layer. Level and leave to dry.
• The surface is primed, and as soon as it dries, the finishing layer begins to be applied.
• It is better to work together, as the solution dries faster outside than indoors. First, a layer is sprayed onto a section of the wall and distributed evenly. And instead of leveling, a special spatula or roller is used to create a pattern or relief.
• At the end it is painted or coated with a protective agent.

Features of plastering walls with cement-sand mortar with your own hands

• If several layers are made and they are not uniform in thickness, then as a result, after drying, the effect of uneven staining will be created.
• A layer that is too thin will get wet from moisture and highlight possible unevenness in the surface of the façade.
• When carrying out work at negative temperature air. There is very thin ice on the wall and, lying on top of it, when the spring warms up, the plaster will begin to move away from the walls.
• And working in the heat can lead to the solution drying out very quickly and cracking.
• If you colorize the plaster yourself, then you need to prepare a solution for the entire surface. It is almost impossible to choose the exact shade yourself and there will be stains on the facade.

Decorative plaster solutions, or decorative textured coatings, do not require further processing or surface finishing. They can be applied to walls and partitions made of any material - be it brick, concrete, plasterboard, wood or ordinary plaster. But the plaster hardens very quickly, so it is quite difficult to carry out finishing work with its help on a large surface.

In addition, the use of decorative plaster to finish a wall requires careful preparation of the surface (treatment with primer, putty, and grouting materials).

Typically, decorative plaster is produced in the form of a dry or ready-to-use thick mixture. The basis of such materials includes a polymer binder, filler (marble or granite chips, sand, lime), on which the texture of the future coating depends, as well as a liquid base - water.

Dry plaster in packages

Decorative plaster often includes other additives that provide additional properties (different surface structure, protective shock-proof properties).

There are also special, separately sold additives for giving decorative plaster a particular color.

Plaster with color additives

If the coating is made in the form of a dry mixture, it must be diluted with water in the required proportion. The plaster is applied quite quickly: first with a brush, and then with a spatula or other tool, or with a special tool immediately (which one should be indicated in the instructions for using decorative plaster). Such a tool can be a roller, brush, trowel, or trowel.

Stretching plaster is always applied using a trowel, working from the bottom up. This plaster is characterized by a denser grain structure. Externally, it is very different from ordinary plasters.

The use of decorative plaster provides many possibilities. For example, using various molding tools, you can additionally create different types of texture.

Plaster consumption is measured in kilograms per square meter of surface and usually ranges from 1.5 to 3 kg.

Decorative synthetic plaster is also used for finishing both interior walls and facades. Depending on the graining and direction of grouting of such plaster, you can create an individual wall structure interior spaces. This plaster is usually used as finishing coat, but can be additionally coated with paint.

Decorative plaster in the room

Grout mineral plaster is characterized by a high content of natural grains and does not contain artificial resin. It has a high ability to transmit water vapor. Used for external and internal work.

Before covering the walls with decorative plaster, apply a preparatory layer of ordinary plaster, consisting of spray and primer, along the beacons. The surface of the preparatory layer is scratched, giving it roughness for better adhesion to the decorative layer. A coating of decorative mortar is applied over a well-seasoned preparatory layer. Moreover, it can consist of two, three or more layers.

First, a spray of decorative mortar is applied to the preparatory layer, then a layer or layers of primer and, if required, a cover of the same mortar.

Creating decorative plaster from ordinary

Decorative plaster “Wave”

A variety of textures for future painting can be “depicted” on ordinary plaster. For example, “waves” look great on lime-sand plaster.

To reproduce them on the surface, apply a second layer of mortar in straight or curved strips to fresh or previously rubbed plaster, notched and moistened with water, and smooth it with a spatula. This way a wavy surface is obtained.

Plaster "Wave"

Plaster "Traverine"

To create travertine (lime tuff) on the wall, a thin layer of colored mortar is applied by throwing to the prepared plaster surface. After this, smooth it with a spatula or steel trowel. The result is raised islands on a smooth, worn-out background - the so-called decorative “stones”.

Plaster "Traverine"

About the process of applying this type of joke, watch the video:

Stone plaster

To create a “boulder-like” texture, apply a plastic colored solution to the ground, quickly level it with a trowel and then trim the surface with a hard hair or bristle brush. When trimming, the brush should be held strictly perpendicular to the surface. A hard brush is needed because only it gives clear, sharply defined “boulders”.

Stone plaster

Plaster "Dune"

Under the dunes, the colored solution is also first leveled with a trowel, and then a grater is applied with slight pressure and immediately torn off. The solution sticks to the grater and, together with it, is pulled away from the surface, causing roughness to form on the surface. Externally, these roughnesses are very similar to sand dunes. If you want the dunes to be wavy, you can not tear off the grater directly, but slightly move it to the side. To obtain the texture of small dunes, the solution is first allowed to set a little. After this, it is lightly rubbed, a grater is placed on the surface and it is torn off.

Plaster "Dune"

Watch how to apply Dune to a wall in a short video:

Plaster “Furrows”

The “furrow” texture is obtained using a grinder with semicircular teeth, which is made from a steel strip or wood. It is up to 30 mm wide with gaps between the teeth of 10-15 mm. The teeth of the hammer are sharpened in one direction. Apply a low-flow solution to the prepared soil, quickly level it with a trowel, then take the rule in your left hand and apply it to the solution that has not yet set. Now you need to place the small bit on the rule with your right hand and guide it with the sharpened side of the teeth forward at an angle of 45° to the surface. This way, even furrows are obtained. Their size and shape, naturally, depend on the shape of the teeth of the bait.

Plaster “Furrows”

Plaster “under a fur coat”

By spraying, throwing the solution through a mesh, shaking the solution from a broom or brush.

Methods of applying plaster “under a fur coat”

Spraying through a mesh and from a broom is carried out with any solution (even with coarse aggregate). Only a solution with fine aggregate is suitable for spraying with a brush. To get a dense spray without skipping, repeat it several times until there are no areas left on the surface not covered with the solution. You can also use a special spray device (it looks like a fan).

Spraying plaster under a fur coat

Spraying on the mesh is done like this. Stretch a mesh with cells from 2.5 to 10 mm (the specific size depends on the size of the texture) onto a wooden frame measuring 100 x 100 or 100 x 50 cm. WITH reverse side Stretch the wire diagonally across the frame. It is necessary to ensure that the mesh does not bulge or vibrate during operation. Attach the mesh to the wire and tie it. To ensure that the frame is always at the same distance from the wall, nail strips 10-25 cm thick to it.

Spraying plaster “under a fur coat” through the mesh

The frame is placed against the surface of the soil and the solution is thrown through the mesh with a spatula from a falcon. Passing through the mesh, the solution remains on the surface in the form of tubercles. To ensure that your texture is the same, try to apply the solution with the same force.

When spraying from a birch broom, hold it with your right hand, and in your left take a round stick with a diameter of 4-5 cm and a length of 50-60 cm. Scoop the solution onto the broom and hit it on the stick, shaking it onto the wall surface. The size of the resulting texture will depend on the thickness of the broom rods, the thickness of the solution and the force of shaking. While working, stir the solution from time to time so that it does not separate.

Spraying plaster “under a fur coat” with a broom

To get a finer texture, spray with a brush. It is better to use a stiff hair or ( best option) bristle brush. The brush is held with the left hand and, having been dipped into the solution to half the height of the hair, is brought to the surface with the bristles up. Then they pass along the bristles with a stick or board (it is held in right hand), and the solution flies off the brush onto the surface to be plastered. A thick texture will remain on the wall, similar to the pile of a fur coat.

Brush for applying plaster “under a fur coat”

To obtain a texture similar to snow flakes, spraying is done with flakes of a creamy plastic solution. The wall will be especially impressive if flakes of white mortar are applied to colored plaster. In this case, the colored solution is first applied, leveled and rubbed, and then sprayed over it. This must be done without waiting for the plaster to dry.

To create a texture with a sponge, apply a solution of a creamy consistency to the soil, quickly level it and immediately apply face blows to it with a sponge. After this, a relief remains on the surface of the plaster, the appearance of which depends on the shape of the pores of the sponge. To prevent the solution from sticking to the sponge, it must be moistened with soapy water and lightly squeezed.

Instead of a sponge, you can use a relief roller

To obtain relief patterns on an unhardened plastered surface, you can use special stamps or any convex objects: shells, dense leaves, branches, etc. Pieces of stone, brick, multi-colored glass fragments, shells can simply be pressed into the still soft plaster. It will harden and hold the mosaic together.

To give relief to the plaster, you can use a variety of objects.

Sgraffito plaster

Another method of decorative wall decoration using plaster is called “sgraffito” (scratched). This technique involves scraping off thin layers of specially applied colored plaster. If there are several such color layers, the resulting pattern will be voluminous and multicolored, reminiscent of a fresco.

Wall finishing using the sgraffito method

Now let's move on to considering techniques for decorating walls using terrazite plaster. This type of plaster consists of large quantity fluff lime mixed with white cement, white sand, marble chips, glass, mica and other materials. What makes terrasite plaster special is the addition of mica and anthracite fines (up to 10% of the volume of cement).

A type of terrasite plaster

Plaster-hatching

The “hatched” texture (straight or shifted strokes) with irregularities from 2 to 5 mm is obtained from fine-grained mixtures using a freshly applied solution. The solution (in the interval from 1 to 6 hours after application) must be processed by notching with nail combs or toothed scrapers. Inflicted cement mixture can be treated with Troyanka or scarpel. Work on the hardened mortar begins no earlier than 6 days after its application.

Plaster "Rock"

The rock-like texture resembles crushed stone, and is made from hardened mortar with coarse aggregate, hammered with a chisel or tongue. The tongue and groove is driven into the mortar, thereby knocking out pieces and leaving indentations that form a uniformly grained surface. If the processing is carried out with a chisel or a scarpel, cutting off pieces of mortar, the surface will have the appearance of torn or chipped natural stone.

Technology of application and texture of stone plaster

Before processing, the surface of stone plaster is divided into separate “stones”. To do this, using a chalked cord, lines of rows of “stones” or rusticated “seams” are punched, as well as straps and other straight parts. After this, they begin to finish the plaster to suit one or another texture.

Texture “under a fur coat” perform different instruments. If you perform notching with bush hammers with large teeth, the result will be a coarse-grained texture, with small teeth - a fine-grained texture, and when forging with a tongue and groove, a particularly coarse-grained texture will be obtained. Keep in mind: with large and long spikes of bush hammer teeth, the texture is deeper and larger.

Under shading The work with grooves is done with a bush hammer, only instead of teeth it should have blades. The depth of the grooves will be determined by the size of the teeth. The first forging is carried along the line marked with the cord, and the subsequent ones are parallel to it. To obtain a texture with the entire surface divided into strips, you need to use a trojan or gear.

Bouchard and Trojan

Texture “under the dunes” on stone plaster it is done with a chisel. First, the surface of the wall must be cleaned with steel brushes or rubbed off with stones. And then from a well-compacted and rubbed surface of the plaster, you need to cut off a thin layer so that small depressions are formed.

Types of chisels

Under torn stone or roughly chopped sandstone invoice made with tongues, chisels, scarpels. First, apply a solution to the surface in a layer of 4-6 cm, compact it and divide the surface into “stones”. When the solution has set, they cut through or perform rustications, and then treat the surface as necessary to obtain the texture. A chisel or dowel is driven into the applied hardened plaster and pieces of the mortar are broken off in different places to form large irregularities. If you want to get the texture of hewn sandstone, use a chisel to chop off small pieces of plaster.

Fur coat finish and torn stone finish

Coarse-grained and fine-grained textures received in two doses. First apply cement mortar- in small or large throws, - then prepare a solution for stone plaster and apply it in a layer up to 10 mm thick over the set layer of soil. The top texture can be fine-grained or coarse-grained, depending on the filler.

Application of Venetian plaster

To achieve the best result, the surface to be covered with Venetian plaster should be as smooth as possible, uniform (white) and non-absorbent. You cannot apply plaster to wood and metal - over time, the coating will crack.

Venetian plaster

Tools for Venetian plaster

To prepare and cover walls with Venetian plaster, you will need the following tools:

• two brushes - maklovitsa and flute,
• roulette,
• long ruler
• level,
• pencil,
• syringe dispenser,
• measuring cups,
• containers for mixing materials,
• mixer,
• ladder,
• bucket with water,
• sanding paper (no. 120 and 220),
• sanding float,
• two ironing boards from of stainless steel width 250 and 200 mm,
• wide and narrow spatulas made of forged polished stainless steel.

It is advisable to round off the working edges of the tools and polish them with fine-grained sandpaper, completely removing scratches, burrs and other defects.

Before applying Venetian plaster, make sure the base is thoroughly prepared. If the base is not properly prepared, cracks may appear on the surface that cannot be repaired.

Stages of applying Venetian plaster

The depth and transparency of the coating is achieved special equipment application.

The master applies several thin layers of coating to the wall, consisting of randomly located spots of material. The combination of many such spots and their layers creates the illusion of depth in the design. natural material. The number of layers varies from 2 to 10, but the total thickness hardly exceeds 1 mm. Each layer must be smoothed (pressed) manually with a spatula, float, or grater until a completely flat, smooth and glossy surface is obtained. Even experienced specialist it takes almost an hour to work with 1 m² of one layer.

The first layer is usually made of a material that contains marble chips fine grinding. It is applied to the surface with a steel trowel or spatula in the same way as putty. After 4-6 hours, covering and glazing layers can be applied to this layer, which will create the texture of the coating pattern.

Applying the first layer of plaster

If you need to get a matte finish, then the second and subsequent layers are made of the same material as the first. Glossy surface obtained using finely divided material mixed with the selected dye.

When starting work, use a spatula to spread a small amount of material onto the working surface of a long trowel. Now start working with any top corner. Proceed in the same way as when applying finishing putty, applying the mixture in an even layer. Cover areas near the floor using a bottom-up motion. Press the trowel firmly against the wall, holding it at an angle of 10-15° to the surface. Make sure there are no gaps.

When the first layer has dried, begin applying the next one.

First, mix the coating material: add dye to it (if you bought a “semi-finished product”) and mix everything thoroughly again.

Next, apply a small amount of material along the edge of the short trowel with a narrow spatula and spread it in random strokes using short arc-shaped movements. Each movement should be approximately equal to the length of the iron. If a swell forms on the wall at the end of the movement, disperse it rectilinear movement at an angle to the sag line. Alternate the movements of spreading and accelerating and randomly change their length and direction. Apply the coating on the floor using arcuate movements, starting from the bottom. Finish when an area of ​​approximately 0.7 x 0.7 m is covered with the second layer.

Stage of applying Venetian plaster

Now level the coating in this area with long strokes of the trowel in random directions. Every 2-3 strokes, clean the ironer and wipe it with a damp cloth. Increase the pressure and tilt of the smoother plane to 20-25°. The result should be a uniform thin layer.

After 10 minutes, begin to smooth the coating with the edge of a wide (200 mm) spatula. Movements with a spatula from top to bottom should be slightly crossing. As gloss appears (this occurs from heating and polymerization of the material), release the pressure on the spatula. If this is not done, the resulting crust may be damaged.

To finally polish the surface, you need to smooth it with a clean trowel. At the same time, it is pressed firmly with both hands and held at an angle of 5-12° to the plane of the wall. When polishing an area near the floor, direct the strokes of the trowel from bottom to top and slightly cross them.

The next stage of applying Venetian plaster

When finished, proceed to apply the second layer to the next area, repeating all stages of the operation sequentially.

The pressure on the stroker is released at the beginning and end of the movement (as when scraping). This allows you to change the thickness of the material layer. When smoothing and glossing, the movements of the trowel should cross the boundaries of adjacent areas. To get the desired texture, change the size of the trowel, the length of the strokes, the spaces between them, as well as the force of pressure on the tool.

Working in corners, openings, ledges and others difficult places, direct the spreading movements from the border line into the area. If necessary, use a spatula instead of a smoothing iron.

While the second layer is still wet, begin applying the next layer in randomly placed spots. At the same time, the entire finishing cycle is repeated in sections. Apply as many layers (moleno of different colors) as needed to achieve the desired result.

If you accidentally damage the surface, use a narrow spatula to apply the first layer of material to the area and around it. When it dries, repeat the entire operation of applying the next layer.

You can use the room after all the work is completed within a day, but it’s better not to rush. The walls will dry completely in a week.

Venetian plaster

After all layers have dried, you can cover the walls with natural beeswax. It will enhance the shine of the coating and give the feeling of an optical illusion. Waxing gives the coating additional moisture resistance. There is no need to apply wax to some plasters produced today: all the necessary components are already contained in the material.

Wall decoration with decorative plaster: 10 types of textures with your own hands

How to make decorative plaster with your own hands? This coating is a fairly popular material for modern renovations, but due to the high cost of ready-made mixtures, many are looking for alternative ways to make decorative plaster themselves. Video tutorials suggest interesting ideas, and the article offers an introduction to the main stages of making the composition and several recipes for this.

In it:

• Binder. In this case you can use:

1. traditional lime;
2. modern synthetic materials: epoxy, polyurethane, acrylic resins.

Their main purpose is to ensure the plasticity of the solution, which will increase the time for creating the desired decor.

• Filler. It could be:

1. colored or white Portland clinker cement;
2. pigments;
3. colored fillers.

Advice: For private construction, white cement should be used as the base of the mixture. This plaster can be tinted with your own hands.

When compiling the composition, the following solid ingredients are used as fillers:

1. marble chips;
2. quartz sand;
3. wood fibers;
4. granite chips (see Granite plaster: characteristics of the material and rules of use);
5. synthetic granules.

Their share is much smaller, but they must be taken into account when calculating the mass of the composition.

• Supplements Usually they are:

1. plasticizing;
2. hydrophobic.

The main purpose of the elements is to increase the resistance of the finish to moisture.

How to make decorative plaster from ordinary putty

The simplest and most cost-effective option for decorative plaster for interior work, made on your own, is ordinary putty, which can be:

• Fine and thin for applying relief coatings in separate strokes.
• Coarse-grained, to obtain a pronounced, but not too noticeable structure, such as bark beetle.

Tip: To increase strength, elasticity, reliability of retention and ease of application of the solution to the wall, a primer should be mixed with it deep penetration or PVA glue in a ratio of up to 6% of the total mass of the mixture. As the percentage increases, the finishing layer will become stronger, but it will take much longer to dry.

When applying decorative plaster with your own hands:

• The layer thickness is taken to be three millimeters.
• After the top layer has set, the surface is textured with any available materials, which can be:

1. crumpled paper;
2. polyethylene;
3. sponge;
4. purchased stamps;
5. rollers with various patterns (see Rollers for decorative plaster and creating a relief surface).

• To apply a relief pattern, a small soft spatula is used, and chaotic stroke movements are performed.

The instructional video shows in detail how to apply decorative plaster; the video in this article demonstrates a simple finishing method that is accessible to anyone who wants to do everything themselves.

Do-it-yourself decorative plaster from ordinary putty can be applied in another way:

• The first, fairly smooth layer is laid, which will serve as a background.
• After it dries, the surface is sanded.
• Covered with soil.
• A stencil is applied.
• An additional convex layer is made, creating a three-dimensional pattern.

At the same time they will look beautiful plant patterns with image:

1. bunches of grapes;
2. climbing plants;
3. geometric ornaments.

• After drying, for naturalness, the sharp edges are treated with a fine abrasive.
• The surface is chipped.
• The decor is processed with colored paints, gilding, patina and other decorative techniques.

Tip: The thickness of the convex image should be no more than 5 millimeters, otherwise the decor will crack over time.

How to make homemade decorative plaster

If for some reason ready-made decorative plaster is not suitable, how can you make the composition you need?

For this you will need:

• PVA glue – 800 grams.
• CMC solution 5%, which is a carboxymethylcellulose, powdery material used for wallpapering - 2 kilograms.
• A solution of 10% laundry soap, rubbed and soaked in water, stirred to a uniform consistency of a thick gel.
• Calcium carbonate or chalk powder - 6.5 kilograms, it can be replaced with ordinary gypsum.

Next, the components are combined and kneaded well with a drill with an attachment until the consistency of a paste. Application to the wall is carried out in the usual way, as described above. The disadvantage of such homemade decorative plaster is that it takes a very long time to dry.

Other methods of preparing decorative plaster

There are other recipes for making decorative plaster yourself.

How to prepare it in several ways:

• Solution for interior work. To do this, purchase:

1. river sand, well washed, sifted into about 3 parts, can be quarried, but before use it should be soaked to remove clay impurities;
2. atengips or dry ready-made thin gypsum putty, which includes mineral additives - 3 parts;
3. fugenfüller or dry gypsum mixture with polymer additives - one part, to give the composition moisture resistance and strength.

Dry ingredients are mixed, poured with water and kneaded well.

• You can imitate textured putty using a composition of soil and satengypsum: a deep penetration soil is used, which increases adhesion and improves moisture resistance. Types that do not form an impermeable film, such as an aqueous dispersion of a synthetic polymer, are suitable for this. The soil is diluted with water in a ratio of 2:1. Gradually add satengypsum and mix well until a paste-like consistency is obtained. The solution should stand for several minutes, and then knead again to remove air from the mixture.

Tip: If decorative plaster contains lime, you should keep in mind that when applied with metal tools, dark streaks may remain.

• For wet rooms, decorative plaster can be prepared from tile adhesive. It is diluted according to the instructions on the package, applied to the surface in a thin layer, and then the texture is drawn using templates or improvised objects. You can make it look natural with a brush that has been pre-moistened with water.

Tip: To decorate the base or facade, instead of glue, you should use cement-sand mortar.

How to apply external decorative plaster

External decorative plaster is performed using ordinary cement-sand mortar. Lime is added to the composition only in regions with a dry climate, in which humidity is not higher than 65%. With an increase in the sandstone fraction, the surface becomes more structural.

Work order:

• The solution is prepared in the following proportions:

1. one part of Portland cement, preferably white, not lower than M 400;
2. three parts sand.

• Dry ingredients are mixed well.
• Fill with water until the consistency of medium-density sour cream is obtained.
• The surface is sprayed with a spray bottle or a brush with long bristles, which will create a fur coat-like coating.
• The bark beetle pattern is obtained by mixing cement-sand mortar in a ratio of 1:3, with the addition of one part of coarse-grained components, such as:

1. marble;
2. shells;
3. onyx.

Dilute with water to the consistency of thick sour cream, which will allow the finished mixture not to drain from the trowel. Then:

1. the composition is applied to the surface with a grater, its layer is taken with a thickness equal to the grain size of the filler;
2. After the solution has set, with the same grater, which is soaked in water, the layer is rubbed diagonally or vertically, the tool is pressed tightly to the surface, and the grain, with pressure, draws grooves on the smooth surface, forming a texture on it.

At correct application the surface acquires an attractive appearance of good quality.

Using modern finishing materials and technologies during the renovation process, you can create a unique design and realize any original ideas. At the same time, it is not necessary to spend money on purchasing expensive materials and attracting professional builders. One of the available options for making the side surfaces and giving them an interesting texture is to plaster them, but using putty. This decorative plaster looks great in any room and allows you to realize different design ideas.

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Decorative putty plaster - advantages of coating

Plaster is intended for rough finishing of walls and is a rough, coarse-grained material. Putty, on the contrary, is used for final leveling of the surface and is available in two types:

• Starting lineups. Designed to hide cracks, scratches, and other minor surface defects.
• Finishing mixtures. They make the wall absolutely smooth and prepare it for further painting and wallpapering.

Decorative plaster can be made from ordinary finishing putty. The coating looks very impressive and perfectly masks all roughness. It is easy to make it yourself, which allows you to do without the involvement of specialists and save considerable money.

In addition to low cost, the advantages of using this finishing method are:

• Original texture. Graceful reliefs of the decorated surface are perfect for creating a unique design.
• High adhesion and plasticity of the material, facilitating its application and repair work.
• Long service life, during which aesthetic and performance characteristics are maintained.
• Additional noise and heat insulation.
• The absence of harmful toxic substances, which makes putty mixtures the most environmentally friendly, safe finishing materials.
• Large selection of stylistic solutions.

Having familiarized yourself with the basic rules, you can create unique interiors on your own. They use chaotic application of colored stains or spots, make arbitrary designs or patterns, giving the wall an unusual relief texture or painting it in the desired shade.

Preparatory work - main points

By showing patience, diligence and using your imagination, using putty ordinary walls can be turned into a work of art. The necessary materials and tools are purchased at construction stores. To give the surface a certain texture, use special rollers coated in the form of stripes, dots, or random patterns. But using the means at hand, it’s easy to make a textured roller yourself.



For example, by removing a deteriorated coating from an old instrument and replacing it with foam rubber with large pores. You can also make holes in it, arranging them in a chaotic manner. An equally interesting result is obtained when using ordinary objects - sponges, brushes, polyethylene.

Careful preparation of the walls is an indispensable condition long-term operation decorative plaster. It is not necessary to bring surfaces to perfect condition, since putty skillfully hides small flaws. To eliminate significant defects, first apply a leveling layer of gypsum putty or sand-cement mixture.

Gypsum solutions are modern materials, so they are easy to work with, but they are not suitable for rooms with high humidity. In such cases, preference is given to cement mixtures.

Before applying decorative plaster, it is necessary to prepare the walls, for this:

• Delete various pollution, old finishing materials - wallpaper, paint or plaster.
• The surface prone to cracking is reinforced with a mesh and coated with a deep penetration primer.
• To improve the quality of further finishing, apply a starting layer of putty and leave to dry.
• After this, to improve the adhesion of the contacting layers, the walls are re-treated with a primer.



Before you start applying decorative plaster, you need to choose one of the working methods and prepare appropriate tool and material. The simplest mixture can be easily made from putty and grout. Then, having combined them in containers in a 1:1 ratio and stirring all the time, they begin to gradually add cold water until the solution becomes homogeneous and quite thick.

A properly prepared composition should adhere to the surface of the instrument and not drain.



Application to the wall is carried out in a thin layer of no more than a centimeter. And after letting the mixture sit so that it sets a little, they begin to make patterns. You can make a texture pattern in several ways using:

• roller;
• notched spatula;
• ready-made stencils;
• brush, trowel, and other available tools.

Without proper preparation, create complex textures or patterns on your own to give the plaster a spectacular and original look, difficult. But simple reliefs will be within the power of everyone.

Venetian decorative plaster

Classic Venetian plaster imitating valuable species stones of natural origin, made from ordinary putty. After finishing the walls in medieval style with it, they look incredibly beautiful. The best effect is obtained if Venetian plaster is used on perfectly smooth, clean and dry surfaces.

To prepare the mixture, you need sand from natural stones (usually quartz, malachite, marble), slaked lime and dyes. You can make the solution yourself or take it fully prepared in a package. Then, following the manufacturer's instructions, all that remains is to add the required volume of water and stir using a construction mixer. The resulting composition should resemble sour cream in consistency.



The putty is applied in small portions with a metal spatula, making strokes with it. They can be large or small, depending on the pattern being created or the imitation of a certain material. Having finished the first layer, leave it for a while to dry thoroughly. Only then, using a soft rubber spatula, apply the next layer and allow it to dry again.

Then they begin sanding using fine sandpaper or mesh. This is the most important work, since it requires extremely careful smoothing of sharp protrusions, but not damaging the structure. Next stage– painting. To obtain the desired effect, paint is applied in layers, and the saturation of their tone should be different from the previous ones. Finally, the walls can be covered acrylic varnish, add a gilding effect or leave everything unchanged.



Using a similar technique for creating Venetian plaster, walls can be decorated in the “Snowball” style. The difference lies in the choice of contrasting shades. In this case, the darker layer is placed first. And only then, using light colors or white (to imitate snowfall), sprays are made upper layers.

Creating Unique Patterns

Textured decorative plaster looks impressive and can decorate the walls of any room. It is made using conventional putty mixtures. After application to the surface, they are treated with a roller covered with foam rubber, or using special textured blanks.



But if you show your imagination and make large holes in the foam rubber or tie it with a steel mesh, clothesline, or plastic bag, you can get your own unique pattern. The direction of movement is chosen at your discretion.

Decorating with a spatula

Creating textured surfaces on walls using a spatula is a creative process. Then, using small or wide strokes, arc-shaped or wave-like movements to apply the solution, you can create a unique pattern. For example, a decorative finish that imitates fish scales looks great on a section of the wall. The thickness of the layer and the schematic arrangement of the lines are selected individually.



First, putty is applied to the prepared section of the wall with a layer of 3–5 mm. To make the image more prominent, the thickness can be increased. Next, taking a spatula up to 10 cm wide, they begin to systematically apply the design, moving from one corner of the area to be designed to the opposite.

By lightly pressing on the tool, they form recesses, trying to give them a diagonal checkerboard or random order. If the lines are drawn incorrectly, the putty is carefully smoothed out and the relief is created again. After obtaining the required result, the surface is left to dry completely. Then they are painted in any shades.

Imitation silk

To obtain a pattern that imitates compressed silk, you need to take plastic film. The operating algorithm is as follows:

• Putty is applied in an even layer about 2 mm thick over the entire surface.
• Immediately cover with film in random order. The more folds, the more interesting the texture.
• If necessary, the folds are further tightened and slightly curled, thereby provoking the formation of new patterns.
• After 12 hours, the film is removed and the walls are allowed to dry completely.
• After this, the surface is lightly cleaned, smoothing out protruding areas and removing broken parts.



The next stage is painting. The paint is applied with a roller or sponge. To remove some of the color, use a damp sponge, and rub off its accumulation with a clean rag placed on a spatula. After this, the coating is allowed to dry and the top is coated with pearlescent paint to give it a “silk” effect.

Other decoration methods

Artistic plaster can be done using a trowel. As in the previous case, a working layer is applied, and then, using a tool, the solution is gradually distributed on top. Random movements of the trowel will help give the surface an unusual look. It is also applied in different places, pressing lightly.



A very popular type of finish, “Bark Beetle,” which resembles insect-eaten wood, is obtained as follows. The composition applied to the surface is left for a while until it begins to set. Next, using a wooden or plastic tool and lightly pressing on the base, begin to perform horizontal, vertical, circular movements. As a result, longitudinal grooves are formed, similar to wormholes.



One of the available ways to decorate walls and obtain an original grainy texture pattern is to use a sponge. To do this, it is enough to apply slight pressure and walk it over the entire surface.

Decoration in the “Hatching” style is done with a metal or plastic comb, as if “combing” freshly applied plaster. The movements are completely voluntary. After allowing the putty to dry, pass over it with an ordinary rag and, at the same time, lightly grouting, remove small protruding particles.

With certain skills and good imagination, it will not be difficult to create any patterns and turn ordinary putty into decorative plaster. Of course, for implementation grandiose projects You will need the help of specialists, but in most cases, after watching the master class, photo and video instructions, you can cope with any difficulties on your own. To begin with, the technique should be practiced in an inconspicuous area and only then take on the main decor.