IN last years Private houses built in the style of old Russian estates are becoming very popular.

Cottages created in modern “technogenic” styles are beginning to lose their relevance. Increasingly, customers are turning to architects with a request to create a private house project in the Russian style, in order to return to ancient traditions. Many people think that only elite houses can be built in the form of a noble estate, but this is absolutely not the case. If the customer wishes, even a small cottage can be made with elements of the Russian historical architectural style. The result will be a very beautiful, compact mini-estate. Such a house does not have to be huge in area and three-story.

In modern cottage villages, manor houses are increasingly appearing. They are radically different from neighboring buildings built in modern styles. The cottage-estate is a classic; this architectural style will not go out of fashion in a few decades. If you want to build a real “family nest” not only for yourself, but also for your children and grandchildren, choose this particular architectural style. Even after many years, such a cottage will look luxurious.

It is in manor houses that that indescribable feeling of comfort and tranquility is created. Of course, this is possible provided that the architectural and interior style is maintained correctly. In this case, the house will truly have an amazing atmosphere. It will be truly “homey” and incredibly cozy. Why, among the abundance of architectural styles, does this one seem so familiar to many people? Probably genetic memory is triggered. No matter how interesting and attractive cottages in the Mediterranean, Swiss, Scandinavian, exotic styles may seem, only the traditions of their people can touch the strings of the soul.

How were noble estates built in the old days?

To create a modern cottage in this architectural style, you need to deal with historical facts, understand what Russian estates were like, what are their distinctive features. Absolutely all ancient estates are characterized by a combination of luxury, comfort and quiet village life. This is what creates that unique atmosphere of comfort and tranquility. In those days there was no frantic pace of life, of which we are all so tired in modern times. Therefore, ancient estates are imbued with the spirit of calm and regularity. If you want to make your home truly cozy, where you can truly relax from the hustle and bustle, choose this architectural style.

As a rule, the word “estate” meant not just one house, but a whole complex of buildings that were built in the same style, equally decorating the facades with stucco and columns. Such houses took a long time to build, but “for centuries.” That is why many have survived to this day, collapsing only for the reasons that they are not restored or are left completely abandoned and uninhabited. This “family nest” was built taking into account the fact that several generations would live in it. Therefore, the rooms were made very spacious, the facades were decorated with stucco and statues, and all this was done very well, so that children or grandchildren would not have to make major repairs to the estate.

What does everyone imagine when they hear the words “noble estate”? Of course, a luxurious house with white columns, a terrace, a huge garden for walking and even a private lake. The main feature of such estates was that they fit perfectly into the surrounding landscape. A luxurious garden with many paths for walking was always created around the house, and cozy gazebos were certainly built. Only the best craftsmen were trusted to carry out facade work during the construction of the estate. Probably everyone knows that there are no two completely identical noble estates. They are all somewhat similar, because they were built at approximately the same time, but at the same time they are all radically different. The facade was the real “face” of the estate; it was always decorated with stucco molding, columns and statues. Sometimes there was even too much decoration, which made the overall appearance of the estate rather pompous. But in those days this was considered the norm and a sign that the owner was rich and belonged to a high class. Based on the façade of the estate they assessed financial well-being its owner. That is why landowners competed among themselves whose house would look richer and more luxurious.

In those days, wood and stone were used to decorate the facade; it was made monumental so that it would serve several generations while maintaining its presentable appearance. Modern building materials make it possible to create luxurious facades in the historical Russian style, which will also serve for decades. The compositions and materials that are created in our time are much more resistant to weather factors, they are also lightweight and do not weigh down the walls. Previously, an architect could “make a name for himself” during the construction of an estate. The fame of the luxurious house spread very quickly not only throughout the region, but throughout Russia and even beyond its borders. That is why the architects put their souls into their creations; they thought through not only the appearance of the estate, but also helped the owners with interior design. In those days, the decoration of rooms was taken seriously; furniture and decor were made to order from the best masters. The owners of the estate sought to ensure that the facade of the house and the interior of the premises were in harmony with each other.

Even in those days there were standard designs for estates. But they were taken as a basis, the architect came up with each time unique facade, making it unique thanks to the abundance of decorative elements. Redevelopment of the premises was also carried out at the request of the owners. That is why in Russia there are no two completely identical estates.

It should be noted that there were several types of noble estates:

• If they were located in a village outside the city and were a place permanent residence, they were adapted precisely for these purposes. Stables were definitely built nearby, barnyard, greenhouses for growing vegetables and fruits. Pheasant gardens were set up in the garden, where ornamental birds were kept.
• A little later, estates that were built “in the European style” became fashionable. Their main feature was the presence of huge summer greenhouses and winter gardens.
• There were also urban estates that differed from country estates. They occupied a smaller area, so the owners invested even more money in creating a beautiful facade and luxurious furnishings in the rooms.

The main features of the layout of rooms in a noble estate

The estate was necessarily divided into two halves. In the smaller one there were rooms for servants, as well as various utility rooms, kitchen. It was indecent for landowners to walk along the same corridors with servants. Therefore, in estates, almost all rooms were made through. That is, they had three doors, through one of them you could get into a long corridor, and through the other two into adjoining rooms. The owners walked “through wide doors,” that is, they very rarely used corridors, but simply walked through all the rooms to get to the one they needed. The servants walked along the corridors so as not to disturb the owners. A huge room was always allocated on the ground floor, making it a room for holding balls and banquets.

Also, in the noble estate, an entire room was allocated for a library. Of course, these features of noble estates are not relevant for modern times. Now there is absolutely no need to divide the house into half for the “master” and half for the servants. Also no one is making huge ones now ballrooms. Instead, on the ground floor you can make a spacious living room with a fireplace, which can be combined with a dining room.

How to build your own house in the style of a noble estate:

• First of all, we need to develop individual project future cottage or choose your favorite from the existing ones.
• It is very important to choose the right plot of land for construction. It must be in a picturesque and quiet place. It is very desirable to have a river, lake or at least a small pond nearby. It will be great if a small pond is on the territory; it can be turned into a “highlight” of your future family estate.
• A house in the style of a noble estate must be decorated with columns. They are made not only on the facade of the building, but also in the living room. Such a house seems to “dissolve in time.” In a few years, guests who see your estate for the first time will be sure that it is ancient and passed on to you by inheritance. But to create such an effect, you need to abandon the use of “technogenic” building materials. For example, there should be no plastic, windows should only be wooden.
• You need to take care not only convenient layout rooms, but also about making the façade of your estate unique. It needs to be made a real masterpiece of architectural art. If you wish, you can borrow some elements by looking at photographs of estates you like, but never completely copy the façade decoration. Wood carving will look luxurious. Don’t worry that the wood will crack and turn black in a few years; there are a huge number of special antifungal impregnations, as well as varnishes that will protect the wood from moisture for many years, while leaving its beauty exposed. Make decorations from stucco thanks to modern materials It's very simple now. For this, ready-made patterns and foam products are used, which are glued in the right place; they require mandatory finishing. Also, to decorate the facade, there are ready-made stucco elements made of gypsum. They are attached with special glue, as they are quite heavy.
• The main and most spacious room in such a house there should be a living room. It must have a fireplace made of stone in order to create a unique coziness and emphasize the architectural style you have chosen.
• A house built in the style of a noble estate should look ancient, but at the same time it can and should have modern air conditioning, plumbing, lighting and other systems.
• A manor house must be very cozy and warm, for this you need to use modern thermal insulation materials.

• Take care not only of the appearance of the cottage, but also of the interior of the rooms. Agree, it will be quite strange if from the outside the house looks like an old manor, but inside it is decorated in a minimalist, hi-tech or loft style. The interior should not contain any signs of “technogenic civilization”. Be responsible when choosing furniture and decor. Ideally, they should be antique; now it is not a problem to purchase real antique furniture in excellent condition. But new modern furniture is also quite suitable, but all of it should be made in an antique style. Chandeliers must be luxurious and massive in a “noble” style. Lamps with candle-shaped bulbs are ideal. The best decorative elements will be all kinds of antique items.
• In the living room you can make huge windows from ceiling to floor. They need to be curtained with plain curtains with lambrequins and large tassels made of thick threads.
• Pay special attention to the arrangement of the area around your estate. There must be a gazebo in the yard, made in the same style as the facade. You can also make a small fountain or waterfall. Be sure to take care of the beautiful night lighting of the yard, install lanterns that will look like antique ones. If there is any in the yard small pond, you can throw a bridge over it with railings made of forged metal.
• Take care of creating a beautiful landscape design. To emphasize the style of an old noble estate, be sure to plant ornamental bushes along the paths, which will need to be trimmed regularly, giving them a neat shape.

The construction of houses made of sawn timber for finishing has been curtailed in favor of construction houses made of profiled timber And houses made of rounded logs. The construction of houses using this technology is no longer carried out.

Cottage project "European" manor house" has an interesting layout of the living room - a bay window makes it unusual, and an arched doorway visually unites it with the kitchen-dining room. On the first floor there is a spacious bedroom, a separate office, a large bathroom. On the second there is a spacious bedroom with access to a loggia. There is a dressing room nearby. The walls are frame or timber with effective insulation and facing with brick or plaster. Roofing - natural tiles, bitumen shingles, or metal tiles. dimensions— 8.5 x 12.1 m. For harmonious turnkey interior decoration, you can also use our services.

Thanks to our own production of profiled timber we offer best projects at minimal prices.

from 1,979,000 ᵱ

Basic equipment

PROMOTION! There is a 5% discount on this project. (Price does not include discounts.)
ATTENTION! We remind you that we work incl. on individual projects, and we also develop projects based on your sketches.

Configuration based on project cost RUB 1,979,000. Please note that the project can be completely redesigned to suit your requirements.

Area of ​​premises:

• Total area, m2: 163
• Living area, m2: 107.5

Characteristics:

First stage: (995,000 rub.)

• Foundation type: pile-screw
• External wall material: Regular timber 150x150mm
• Floor type: On wooden beams
• Roof type: Metal tile
• Detailed description of the basic configuration made of timber

Second stage (after shrinkage):

* Installation of metal-plastic windows Rehau
* Installation of Bulat entrance doors
* Insulation with Paroc basalt wool (walls 50mm, partitions and interfloor ceilings - 100mm, basement and roofing - 150mm)
* Hemming of floors (sub-floors)
* Vapor barrier and wind protection of the house - Izospan A, B
* Finished floors - tongue and groove board 36mm
* Installation of partitions
* Exterior finishing of windows and doors
* Terrace finishing ( terrace board, fencing)
* Hardware, fasteners

Manor house "Canadian" designed for comfortable living for a family of 3-5 people. The house is divided into two zones: the first floor is a public zone, the second floor is a private zone: bedrooms and a children's room. The appearance of the house resembles architecture wooden houses Canada

Two-storey manor house "Canadian" with a large terrace "Canadian"

Modern two-story project individual house"Canadian" in European style

Basic characteristics of the Canadian house

Ground floor plan

First floor plan of the Canadian house

Second floor plan

Second floor plan two-story house"Canadian"

First floor view

View of the first floor of the “Canadian” manor house

Second floor view

View of the second floor of a two-story wooden house "Canadian"

Log house equipment

Log house "Canadian" after installation

View of a log house during the process of shrinking the log house

Labor and overheads included in the price

1. at the AR stage
2. Scheme of cutting down a log house at the RF stage
3. Making a log house at the production site:
   • If the length of the log is equal to or exceeds 8 meters, then the walls must be tightened with additional permanent log walls.
4. All necessary building materials (sawn mat, hardware, temporary roofing, moss, etc.) that will be required at the stage of assembling the log house.
5. Loading, unloading, delivery of logs and necessary building materials to the assembly site. Delivery costs are included within a 70 km radius. from MKAD.
6. Assembling the log house onto the finished foundation.
   This point is mandatory, because it is very unreasonable for both the Customer and us to entrust the assembly to a team that did not cut the log house.
   Included at this stage:
   • Floor beams made of logs with a diameter of 180 mm.
   • Primary caulking (moss or tow is included in the price)
   • Cost of using a truck crane (if necessary)
   • Assembly and disassembly of scaffolding, including necessary materials
   • Interfloor ceilings house or bathhouse under construction
   • Manufacturing and installation of rafter system
   • Equipment of gables and, if possible, preparation of window openings in gables
   • Roof sheathing
   • Roof covering with temporary roofing

The American architectural style is a descendant of the old European one. Emigrants from Europe, and primarily from England, brought the architectural trends of their countries to North America, where they were introduced and developed. A feature of this style is, of course, the desire of the early settlers to demonstrate the scale and richness of the house. Hence the feeling of the house as a whole architectural complex.

American architecture is distinguished by spaciousness, symmetry, numerous cascades of roofs, columns, many large windows, often with shutters, sometimes spiers, a high central staircase, horizontal extent, a minimum of relief details, light plaster as a finish. With all their appearance, these projects of houses and cottages demonstrate successful life owners in new uninhabited lands.

English style

English style is a combination of aristocracy and restraint, refined taste and expensive materials. This architectural style in our country is more often defined by the general term “English style”, but in reality it represents two interrelated styles - Georgian and Regency style, which were given names historical eras. In the modern sense, an English house is a mixture of these styles.

They were formed under the influence of mainland Europe, but were rethought here in their own way. Features of the English style: rectangular, symmetrical plan; uniform distribution and size of all windows; brick, sparsely decorated walls; low entrance with portico; medium-height roof slopes; minimal extension of the roof over the walls; five windows on the main façade; paired pipes; pilasters on the sides of the door; doors with panels.

The house in true English style is built exclusively from red brick. Facade English home quite strict and only in rare cases are small decorations allowed. A mandatory attribute is the presence of a lawn and flower beds.

Style F.L. Wright (prairie style)

Born June 8, 1867, Frank Lloyd Wright is the world's greatest architect, most prolific, controversial and inspiring.

Wright disliked the intricate details and fussiness of existing architectural styles. He advocated cleanliness and simplicity of lines, and believed that well-built buildings complement their surroundings.

The prairie style spread to the midwestern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The prairie style is characterized by pronounced and emphasized horizontal lines, flat or hip roofs with wide overhangs, windows combined into horizontal stripes, maximum integration of the building into the landscape. The style's name comes from the long horizontal lines that evoke prairie landscapes.

This style is also characterized by minimalist decoration of facades and the central location of the fireplace room as a symbol of the family hearth. Complicating the geometry of the house is achieved with the help of glazed galleries, balconies, parapets and flower beds. The boundary between the interior and the terrace is lost. Common areas look like halls.

Gothic style

Gothic is a period in the development of medieval art, covering almost all areas of material culture and developing in the Western, Central and partly of Eastern Europe from XII to XV centuries. Gothic style, mainly manifested itself in the architecture of temples, cathedrals, churches, and monasteries. It developed on the basis of Romanesque, or more precisely, Burgundian architecture. Gothic style is characterized by arches with pointed tops, narrow and high towers and columns, a richly decorated façade with carved details (vimpergi, tympanums, archivolts) and multi-color stained glass lancet windows. All style elements emphasize verticality. The neo-Gothic architectural style is characterized by adapted Gothic elements: pointed arches, high elongated pediments, towers with light frame construction, internal columns, high narrow windows with traditional bindings.

European style

One of the most popular architectural styles today is European. Based on the architectural traditions of the past, conservative, it harmonizes well with nature.

European-style houses are distinguished by regular geometric shapes, often complicated by bay windows. When designing, as a rule, the shape of a square or close to a square is used.

The base is usually finished with stone or tiles. The roof is made of two or four slopes. Traditionally as roofing Red natural tiles were used, which today are being replaced by metal ones. The door is decorated in a color that contrasts with the color of the walls. Windows are usually small, rectangular or arched. When planning the internal space, much attention is paid to its efficiency, due to which it is relatively small area manages to fit everything you need.

Italian style

The Italian style in architecture has been formed over the centuries, which largely determines its truly unique character.

The Italian style is sometimes called neo-Renaissance. It originated in England at the beginning of the 19th century. The founder is considered to be the English architect John Nash. The Italian style combined the architectural finds of Italian architects of the 16th century with elements of Palladian and neoclassicalism.

The Italian style in architecture is the choice of people who value quality, tradition and natural beauty. This trend in design and architecture is characterized by the use natural materials, traditions, comfort and simplicity. Italian-style wood and stone are combined with wrought iron elements. Walls are most often covered decorative plaster and decorate stucco decoration or mosaic.

An Italian-style home is characterized by almost flat roofs with low slopes, barely visible from the ground, brackets supporting roof eaves, a tower or bell tower, a belvedere.

Classic style

In architecture, classicism is understood as an architectural style common in Europe in the 18th - early 19th centuries, the main feature of which was an appeal to the forms of ancient architecture. The architecture of classicism is characterized by regularity of layout and clarity of form, symmetrical axial composition, and restraint of decoration.

For cottages in classic style characterized by strict adherence to the principles of proportionality and harmony. Spatial solutions are laconic, focused on the predominance of rectilinear and clear outlines in the plans with the dominance of symmetrical axial planning systems.

Used in finishing facade plaster, pitched tiled roofs, marble and gypsum - for columns and balustrades, iron and cast iron - for gratings, balconies and fences.

Despite the advantages of trendy architectural styles, classic motifs remain popular. After all, adherence to the classics is a sign of the thoroughness and subtle taste of the owner of the house.

Minimalism

Minimalism appears in the 60s of the 20th century in the USA. The main idea of ​​minimalism in architecture is the desire to leave only the essentials; each element should perform the maximum number of functions. Character traits minimalism: the greatest possible conciseness, adherence to composition, use of natural materials, maximum functionality and attention to detail, strict lines and geometry, a single color scheme, attention to lighting design, use of light colors.

Much attention is paid to the selection of materials and their quality. Priority is given to natural materials such as stone, wood, glass or marble.

Minimalism is widely used in public buildings, offices, shopping centers, and private homes.

Minimalism is ideal for lovers of simplicity, tranquility and rigor. Minimalist spaces exude calm and quiet. It is a “purified” style, but in turn elegant and innovative in shapes and finishes.

Modern

Art Nouveau was born at the turn of the 20th century. in European architecture as a movement to create the style of its era. Art Nouveau is characterized by the rejection of mandatory symmetrical forms, silhouettes and ornaments that stylize plant shapes in smooth, curving lines. The facades are distinguished by the rounded contours of the openings, the use of forged metal grilles and glazed ceramics. Special attention paid to the design of window openings with ornate patterns of bindings and stained glass windows.

The emergence of the principle of constructing buildings “from the inside out” and, in connection with this, the openness of compositions and diversity of form. The interior forms the core of the house and determines its appearance. In terms of plan, buildings most often tend to be square, with rooms grouped around a hall.

Art Nouveau style develops mainly in the architecture of city mansions and expensive apartment buildings, country villas and summer cottages. Modernism promotes individuality. Just like a century ago, a house in this style provides comfort, coziness and bright, memorable architecture.

German style

A style based on practicality, economy and rationality. This is manifested in everything - in the layout, design, choice of materials and design features. The shape of the houses tends to be square.

Windows in traditional German houses small, rectangular or arched, divided by binding. Windows often have shutters. Frames are usually massive. The doors are made of wood and painted in a color that contrasts with the color of the house wall. The basement is finished facing tiles"under a natural stone" There are almost always bay windows or balconies. A bay window is often the highlight of a home. The roof is often gable, but can also be four-sloped. Roof covering - bitumen or metal tiles, shades of red. The features of the layout come down to making the house as economical and rational as possible. German-style houses most often have one or two floors plus an attic. In order to save space, the layout is designed in such a way that the house has a minimum of corridors.

Norwegian style

Norwegian house- This is a variant of a Scandinavian style house. The Norwegian house is a continuation of the historical Viking longhouse style. Norwegian houses are elongated, gently sloping houses, most often on one floor, red, brown or black, with natural roofing materials. Business card Norwegian house - inversion green roof

The earliest true log houses in Norway and Sweden date back to the 11th century. AD, while in Rus' log houses were known already from the 8th-9th centuries. AD The technology was probably brought by Varangian mercenaries returning from service in Rus'. Later, Russian log house was used in Norway only for non-residential buildings, such as wells, ryazhi, bridge piers, and haylofts for grazing. And already in the 11th century. fundamentally known in Norway great way fellings with a self-jamming lock, which prevents cracks from opening when the wood dries out. The Norwegian cutting technique in its modern form appeared already in the 13th century.

Provence

Provence is one of the historical regions in the south of France. The features of a house in the Provence style are considered to be the sophistication and peculiar romantic tenderness of the external exterior of the house. A special place belongs to details. Such a house has practically no basement and such a house naturally does not have the porch that is familiar to us. garden path It just rests against the front door. The walls of the house must be made of brick or stone. Most often, the walls are covered with light-colored plaster. In some places the plaster may expose brick wall, and this gives the house a peculiar zest. Balconies with balustrades can be located on the second floor. The windows on the first floor are narrow and must have blinds. On the second and third floors the windows are larger. The roof is multi-pitched, high, under tiles. The roof is decorated with numerous towers with dormer windows. For a home in Provence style important detail are the doors. They must be massive with forged hinges and have a viewing window.

Traditionally, additions are made to the house various outbuildings: summer cuisine, summer outbuilding or garage.

Rococo

Rococo - from French. rococo, from fr. rocaille - decorative shell, shell, rocaille). The architectural (decorative) style of Rococo appeared in France (1715-1723) and reached its apogee under Louis XV, moved to other European countries and dominated it until the 1780s. The Rococo style was a continuation of the Baroque style. He did not introduce any new structural elements into the architecture.

Rococo architecture strives to be light, welcoming, and playful. In the creations of this architecture, straight lines and flat surfaces almost disappear; established orders are modified; the columns are sometimes lengthened, sometimes shortened and twisted in a helical manner; their capitals are distorted by coquettish changes, cornices are placed above the cornices; the roofs are surrounded along the edges with balustrades; the pediments represent breaking convex and sunken lines, crowned with vases and sculptural figures. In the frame of windows, doors, walls inside the building, in the lampshades, intricate stucco ornamentation is used, consisting of curls reminiscent of plant leaves, flower garlands and shells.

Russian estate

The first estates appeared in the distant past. Moscow was once also just an estate. Carved facades, classical forms, small turrets, windows with patterns - wooden Russian estates amaze with their beauty.

Skillful artistic wood carving was a characteristic and original decoration of Russians. wooden buildings- and this is one of the few traditions that have been preserved among the people to this day. The carving can be relief or through. The top of the roof - the “ridge”, it was often made in the form of a horse’s head, the porch canopy, shutters and window casings - were required to be decorated. The decoration of the roof was dominated by an animalistic pagan style, dating back to the Scythian nomads. Symbolic animal amulets were depicted, including horses, birds, roosters, and snakes.

The concept of a family nest in a Russian estate acquires great value. Russian style emphasizes the status of the owner of the house, who is proud of his history and origin. A Russian estate is a place of residence, as well as an opportunity to preserve and pass on one’s history, family name and traditions to descendants.

Northern modern

In Russian modernist architecture, the most prominent direction was northern modernism. The style received its main development in St. Petersburg at the beginning of the 20th century under the influence of Swedish architecture, as well as the Finnish architectural school of national romanticism. This was facilitated by economic and cultural ties with the Finnish and Swedish states, where national romanticism was the main movement in art.

Characteristic features of northern modernism are a combination of artificial and natural finishing materials, cladding the base of the building with Finnish granite, covering the upper floors with finishing bricks or textured plaster. The shape of buildings built in the Northern Art Nouveau style is massive and free of small decoration. Rustication, ornaments and bas-reliefs on themes of Russian folklore were widely used. The architectural decor is massive, the color is minimalist, the color scheme is austere in a northern way.

Scandinavian style

The countries of the Scandinavian Peninsula - Sweden, Norway and historically and geographically related Denmark and Finland had similar conditions for the development of architecture.

A Scandinavian house is simple, but by no means primitive, compact, but not cheap. It was created to protect its inhabitants from unpleasant climate impacts and provide them with maximum comfort.

At home Scandinavian style- These are one- and two-story buildings, laconic and restrained. Traditionally, houses were made of wood that was stained or varnished. The windows in Scandinavian-style houses are quite large, sometimes panoramic. The emphasis is on massive wooden frames. Ground floor and a basement are absent in Scandinavian-style houses. The roof is covered with tiles, metal - painted or “natural”, or various polymer materials. It can be either sloped or flat, but sloped is more common. Before front door Usually a porch with a wooden staircase and carved railings, or a terrace, is built.

Modern style

House in modern style implies openness to nature, large spaces, panoramic glazing. In modern style, they are often combined with rooms - for example, a living room with a fireplace, a kitchen with a dining room.

The credo of modern architecture is contained in the name itself - this is what would correspond today, a fundamental focus on the novelty of architecture, both constructive and planning ideas, and external forms.

Basic principles of modern architecture: the use of the latest building materials and structures, a rational approach to solutions internal spaces(functional approach), lack of decorative tendencies, fundamental rejection of historical elements in the appearance of buildings. The following can be used in finishing facades: facade plaster, facing brick, wood, stone, porcelain stoneware. As a rule, owners of modern-style houses are active, dynamic people who travel a lot and are familiar with different cultures first-hand.

Mediterranean (Mediterranean) style

The Mediterranean includes Greece, Spain, Italy, France, Turkey, Egypt, Morocco and other countries that contributed to the formation of the architectural style called Mediterranean. In this style there are also miniature houses with tiled roofs, surrounded by lush vegetation, and luxurious snow-white villas on the coast.

Such buildings are characterized by plastered walls, flat or low tiled roofs, and the use of terracotta tiles and stone in decoration. The walls can be decorated with ornaments. Balconies and windows are decorated with wrought iron railings. The roof extension is quite large and is decorated with a cornice. The buildings must have large balconies or spacious covered terraces.

A characteristic feature of a Mediterranean house is the presence of a courtyard, a secluded patio, hidden from prying eyes. This technique can be very relevant for Russians who are forced to put country houses almost right next to each other. Functional and practical comfort is created with improvised means, not without ingenuity, adherence to tradition and love of creativity.

Medieval

Castle architecture is born of the Romanesque style, which dominated Europe from about 1000 AD. and before the occurrence gothic art in the 13th century. The earliest structures copied Roman military camps. The construction of gigantic stone structures began with the Normans, and classical castles appeared in the 12th century.

The castle type of country house is characterized by large forms, massive and high walls, the presence of balconies, bay windows, terraces and towers, and an intricate composition in plan and facade. To decorate the facade of the house, facing brick, stone, and plaster can be used. In houses of this style there are no architectural excesses; noble simplicity creates a feeling of monumentality and stability. The windows are in the shape of an arch, or rectangular shape, but with the completion of an interesting form. Doors can be of any shape, have many decorative elements - a canopy, a frame made of forging or stucco, stained glass, mosaic. Facades are often asymmetrical. The shape of the roof in such cottages is always complex, since the house often consists of several parts.

Half-timbered

Fachwerk - from the German Fachwerk, Fach - panel, section, Werk - structure. This is one of the oldest building structures, widespread in Europe during the Middle Ages. Such houses were built in different countries, but most of them were in Germany - about 2.5 million.

Everywhere half-timbered houses They were built in Germany already in the 12th century. The heyday of the half-timbered style came in the 16th century. Half-timbered buildings were influenced by fashionable architectural trends: Gothic, Baroque, Renaissance.

Half-timbered houses have a hard wooden frame from racks, beams and braces. The space between the wooden beams, called panels, was filled with a mixture of clay and reeds. The panels were then plastered and painted bright hues, and the frame itself of dark beams remained in sight. It was he who divided the facade into separate cells various shapes and gave the house that unique originality, which became the main architectural feature half-timbered style. Wooden beams The designs of half-timbered houses have many different motifs: crosses, figures, flowers, geometric patterns.

High tech

Hi-tech comes from the English hi-tech, from high technology - high technology. This is the architectural and design style of the late 20th - early 21st centuries. The style promotes the aesthetics of the material. The main features of high-tech are the most functional use of space and discreet decor. The style is characterized by swift, straight lines, protruding structural elements, silver-metallic color, wide application glass, plastic and metal. High-tech refers to ultra-modern styles; it uses designs characteristic of industrial buildings. The materials used are glass, metal, natural wood.

The style arose from the architecture of industrial premises, where all elements of the furnishings are subject to functional purpose. At first it was more of an approach to architecture than a specific style. Elements of industrial aesthetics moved into the living space, where they received further development: a mixture of high technology and constructivism came out.

The high-tech style is very popular now among people who live with the times and are young at heart.

Chalet

The chalet style originated in Savoy, a province in southeastern France. It has absorbed the rich history of the Alpine mountains and local traditions. Translated from French “chalet” means shawl; warm; and, in fact, a Swiss house in the mountains. Initially alpine chalet- this is a dwelling reliably built from massive timber, protecting shepherds from bad weather in the mountains.

Chalets are reliable and practical accommodation. A chalet is a house with a sloping roof, the slopes of which protrude strongly above the main walls. This roof structure served to protect the house and surrounding area from snow and bad weather. Spacious terraces also appeared for practical reasons. With their help, it significantly increases effective area Houses. Open terrace- an integral part of the chalet, which may not have a fence and be considered as part of the local area.

Chalet-style houses are usually chosen by people who strive not only to create cozy home, but also caring about the environmental friendliness of their home. A feeling of unity with nature arises in everyone who enters the chalet.

Swedish style

Swedish style is a variation of the Scandinavian approach to architecture. Red and white cottages fit perfectly into both the winter and summer Swedish landscape and are a landmark of this country. A traditional Swedish cottage is a simple house, covered wood panels and painted red, the corners, windows and doors of the house are usually white. Swedish housing at all times was mainly wooden (or half-timbered in areas poor in forests). The estate complex includes a residential building and outbuildings united around a courtyard. Swedish architecture is characterized by strict simplicity and sparse decoration.

Functionality and simplicity, commitment to natural materials, restrained color combinations are characteristic of the Swedish style as well as Scandinavian architecture generally. Wooden houses made of light wood with wide window openings look like a natural addition to the landscapes of Sweden and beyond.

Dutch style

The Dutch country house style is a variation of colonial design that offers a simple layout behind the main façade. The appearance of such buildings has developed a distinctive style, distinguished by both practicality and decorativeness. A Dutch style home is characterized by a large, sharp gable roof with hips, simple windows, asymmetry of the facade. Traditionally, the base of the house is finished with stone, and the facades are made of light-colored plaster. The house has a symmetrical layout. The central entrance leads into the hallway, around which the rooms are located. The lifestyle of the diligent, neat, hardworking Dutch is reflected in the interior of a Dutch house, demonstrating prosperity, modesty and convenience. Dutch country houses look solid, but at the same time cozy. Suitable for families looking for peace and comfort behind a modest façade.

Roman style

The Romanesque style in medieval Europe preceded the Gothic. The term itself appeared in the 12th century, when historians established that European architects Many elements of the ancient Roman style were widely used. The main objects of the architects were monasteries and castles, more reminiscent of fortresses. The appearance of the buildings is full of calm and solemn power. Characteristic Features buildings Romanesque style there were massive walls, the heaviness and thickness of which were emphasized by narrow window openings and stepped friezes. The main features of the style are circular or semi-circular arches and stone vaults. The facade cladding is made of brick, there is an abundance of brick decor pediments, friezes, windows and doors. Used as roofing ceramic tiles. Romanesque buildings fit into the landscape, their compact forms and clear silhouettes follow the natural topography.

Czech style

The Czech Republic is one of the most cultural and beautiful countries not only in Europe, but also in the world. The cultural heritage of the Czech Republic is so vast that it can sometimes be very difficult to simply describe the places where you have been, your greatest contribution to cultural heritage Czech architecture still contributes. The architecture of this country has been created over centuries. The Czech style of cottages has common features with European and German styles. A house in the Czech style is characterized by regular geometric shapes, high multi-pitched roofs covered with tiles, sometimes straw, the base is made of natural stone, arched windows and doors are often used. A squat house in the Czech style will fit perfectly into the landscape and will not stand out in the landscape.