Many people love chocolate, which is made from cocoa beans that grow on the chocolate tree. These grains attract with a rich aroma and slight bitterness. They are often used not only fresh, but also after processing. They are used not only for culinary purposes, but also in the treatment of various diseases, in cosmetology, pharmacology and other areas.
Where do they grow?
Cocoa beans grow on the chocolate tree, which belongs to the Malvaceae family. It can grow for more than a hundred years, giving an excellent and rich harvest. The tree can reach a height of approximately 15 meters. The spreading crown is decorated with lush foliage big size. On the bark of the trunk itself, as well as on the strongest branches of the tree, there are small inflorescences. Distinctive feature stands specific aroma flowers, which attracts butterflies and dung flies to the tree, which is very important, because these insects are responsible for pollinating the plant and with their help the formation of fruits is carried out.
The fruits of the chocolate tree look like lemons, but they are much larger. They often have yellow or Orange color, sometimes even red fruits are found. On their surface there are peculiar grooves that are quite deep. Inside the fruit there is pulp, as well as several compartments containing seeds, which are commonly called cocoa beans. One compartment contains 12 seeds.
Cocoa beans grow in countries where the air temperature is always above +20 degrees, and the climate is characterized by high humidity. The homeland of this amazing tree is South America. They grow along the Orinoco, Magdalena, Amazon rivers, as well as on the islands of the Gulf of Mexico. Most bean producers are concentrated in Colombia, Indonesia and Brazil. Quite a few of these plants are grown in Ghana and Nigeria. Entire plantations of this magnificent tree are located in Bali; these plants are also found in the Dominican Republic and Ecuador.
It was thanks to the inhabitants of Spain that cocoa beans became known throughout the world, because they were the first to fall in love with the fruits of the chocolate tree. An interesting fact is that under the slave system, slaves were even exchanged for the seeds of this amazing tree. Initially, hot chocolate was made from the fruits of this tree, and only later cocoa began to be produced from it. But real chocolate appeared only in the 19th century.
Subtleties of cultivation
This plant can be propagated in two ways - with seeds or using cuttings. The use of seeds is characterized by some nuances. It is very important to plant within ten days after ripening; if this period passes, the planting will not sprout. You should prepare your mail in advance. It must be fertilized, mixed with turf, sand and withered leaves. First, the beans need to be planted in small pots, and the planting depth should be about two centimeters. Should be adhered to temperature regime from +23 to +25 degrees. Plants must be watered regularly and sprouts must be irrigated.
You can grow a chocolate tree at home. You should purchase a pot, it should be quite deep, and stock up on loose soil and fertilizers. First, the grains must be soaked for 24 hours in warm water, after which they will swell a little due to the fermentation process. Seeds should be planted in holes two to three centimeters deep. The pot should be stored in a bright and warm place, and do not forget about regular watering. After germination, the container should be moved to a place where the sun's rays do not reach. Sprouts begin to appear approximately 15 or 20 days after planting.
If you water too much, signs of mold may appear on the leaves of the tree. The plant needs regular feeding organic fertilizers.
Varieties
Today there are a huge number of varieties of chocolate trees. But in general, cocoa beans can be divided into two large groups - Forastero and Criollo.
All consumer varieties belong to "Forastero". Their distinctive feature is their high yield. These varieties produce beans of average quality. But there were some exceptions. For example, chocolate tree varieties native to Ecuador are characterized by high-quality yields. Forastero grains have dark- Brown color, strong smell, bitter taste and contain a large number of fat This type of chocolate tree tolerates drought well and is also able to withstand significant temperature changes.
“Criollo” includes varietal raw materials, which are usually called noble. Such trees produce little fruit, which is perhaps why they are characterized high quality. Kriolo seeds have a pleasant aroma. These trees are unique in their own way. chemical composition.
In addition to the two main types, you should not forget about hybrids. If we take this fact into account, then two more types should be included in the two groups described above - “Trinitario” and “Nacional”.
Based on the origin of cocoa beans, they can all be divided into Asian, African and American. The name demonstrates where a particular variety grows. If we consider dried beans, they are also divided into several groups - tart and tender, sour and bitter. Every gourmet will be able to choose the option that will satisfy all his wishes.
Compound
Cocoa beans have attracted attention with their amazing aroma and excellent taste. Subsequently, we studied in more detail Chemical properties chocolate tree beans. In general, more than 300 vitamins, macro- and microelements were noted, so cocoa beans have many positive properties.
An interesting fact is that beans are vegetables, so we can say that chocolate is made from vegetables.
Cocoa beans consist of the following elements:
- provitamin A;
- vitamins B1 and B2;
- vitamin PP;
- macro- and microelements;
- caffeine;
- theobromine;
- tannins;
- oils;
- carbohydrates;
- proteins;
- coloring matter;
- acids of organic origin;
- aromatics;
- antioxidants.
The calorie content of chocolate tree beans is quite high, since they consist of 50% fat. 100 grams of raw grains contain 565 kcal, and this product has the following indicators:
- 53.2 g fat;
- 6.5 g water;
- 12.9 g protein;
- 9.4 g carbohydrates;
- 2.2 g organic acids;
- 2.7 g of ash.
If we consider the macronutrient composition of cocoa beans, then 100 grams of these grains contain 750 mg of potassium, 83 mg of sulfur, 500 mg of phosphorus, 25 mg of calcium, 50 mg of chlorine, 80 mg of magnesium, 5 mg of sodium. The grains of this tree also contain a large amount of microelements - 2270 mcg of copper, 27 mcg of cobalt, 40 mcg of molybdenum, 4 mcg of iron, 4.5 mcg of zinc.
Although cocoa beans are characterized by high calorie content, nutritionists recommend their use for people who are overweight. It is worth noting that grains contain substances that help to easily dissolve fats, speed up metabolism and improve the digestive process.
Benefit
Cocoa beans have a unique composition that provides many beneficial properties for the body.
The grains are considered strong natural antidepressants. They have a positive effect on the nervous system, relieve pain, and also help improve mood. Thanks to the presence of serotonin, performance increases and mental activity also improves.
Raw grains have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, since their consumption improves blood circulation and helps eliminate vascular spasms. Regular appointment raw beans are very useful for hypertensive patients, as they help normalize blood pressure. This product in general is an excellent prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Cocoa grains ensure normal hormonal balance. They help cleanse the body of toxins and free radicals, have a rejuvenating effect, and also improve vision. Cocoa beans should also be consumed during the postoperative period; they will allow you to quickly restore strength.
Unique composition This product has a positive effect on human health. Some components increase immunity, so the body better fights various infections and viruses. Regular consumption of grains helps speed up the healing process of severe burns and deep wounds.
And, of course, this product is invaluable for women who want to lose weight. It promotes faster metabolism, normalizes fat balance, and also promotes the active functioning of the endocrine system, which is very important when losing weight.
Chocolate beans contain epicatechin. This substance allows you to fight various diseases (stroke, heart attack, diabetes and others). The presence of cocohil improves the growth of skin cells, so not only wounds heal quite quickly, but also wrinkles are smoothed out. Eating products containing cocohil significantly reduces the possibility of stomach ulcers. Raw grains contain large amounts of magnesium, which has a positive effect on heart function. Magnesium reduces blood pressure, strengthens bones and promotes better blood circulation.
This product includes arginine, which is a known aphrodisiac. Tryptophan, which is also found in beans, is a powerful antidepressant. Sulfur has a positive effect on the structure of hair, nails and skin.
Harm
Although chocolate tree beans are characterized by naturalness, you should not consume too much of them. It is worth remembering that cocoa butter must be used in moderation, while taking into account the body's reaction to its use, since it can have a negative effect on the body. Excessive consumption of cocoa beans can lead to the following symptoms:
- allergy;
- sleep problems;
- emotional instability;
- rashes on the skin (oily or sensitive).
You should be quite careful when eating this product. the following diseases and states:
- diabetes– this product may increase blood sugar levels;
- intestinal problems– these grains accelerate metabolic processes, having a laxative effect;
- in the preoperative period– since blood circulation improves, there is a possibility of heavy bleeding;
- frequent migraines– these grains can provoke vasospasm;
- intolerance this product or allergic reactions;
- pregnancy– some substances increase muscle tone, which can lead to miscarriage.
You should buy cocoa beans only from trusted sellers who offer quality product natural origin and can provide relevant documents.
How to use?
Cocoa beans have a wide range of uses, but, of course, they are most often used in the food industry. They are indispensable in the production of chocolate, various drinks and desserts. In general, chocolate tree beans can be consumed in the following ways:
- raw beans should be dipped in jam or honey before eating, because without such an additive they leave a bitter aftertaste;
- the seeds can be consumed by first peeling them and mixing them with honey or jam and crushed nuts;
- Dried beans are often made into a powder that must be poured with boiling water to create a tasty drink.
To answer the question of how much and in what form to consume cocoa beans, you should try this product in small quantities and monitor how you feel. If no negative reactions occur, then you can use this product, but only in moderation. Daily dose chocolate tree beans should not exceed 50 grams.
Interestingly, not only grains, but also their peels are suitable for use. It must be thoroughly crushed, after which it can be used as a natural scrub for both the body and face.
Today, cocoa beans are indispensable in cooking, because they are used in many recipes, and in some dishes they serve as the basis. These grains give dishes a pronounced aroma and taste.
An interesting fact is that cocoa became famous in the 19th century. Its discoverer is the Dutch chemist Johann Houten, because he was the first to extract cocoa butter from cocoa beans, and later made a powder from it. Today, both children and adults enjoy this drink.
Homemade chocolate
You need to prepare the following ingredients:
- 150 g cocoa beans;
- 100 g cocoa butter;
- 250 g sugar.
You need to take the beans and grind them thoroughly. Then add butter and sugar. All ingredients should be mixed thoroughly, put on fire and wait until it boils. Next, you need to hold the mixture on low heat for a while, while the mass must be constantly stirred to prevent burning. You should wait for the mixture to cool, then pour it into the prepared molds and put it in the refrigerator for about 60 minutes.
Chocolate cocktail
To prepare a fragrant and tasty cocktail from chocolate tree beans, you will need the following ingredients:
- milk – 200 ml;
- crushed cocoa beans – 1–2 tablespoons;
- banana - 1 piece.
A blender is a must. You need to load all the ingredients into it and in a few seconds a healthy and very tasty cocktail will be ready. It is recommended to be consumed cold.
Candies
Homemade chocolates will not only be very tasty, but also healthy. Children love this delicacy very much. To prepare this dessert you will need the following ingredients:
- 150 g cocoa beans;
- 250 g sugar;
- 100 g cocoa butter;
- chopped nuts;
- dried fruits;
- honey (to taste);
- cinnamon and vanilla.
You need to take the molds and fill them with dried fruits and pre-chopped nuts. The cocoa beans must be crushed, then mixed with sugar and cocoa butter. The resulting mass must be put on the fire, wait until it boils and immediately reduce the heat. Keep the hot chocolate on the fire for some time, stirring it constantly. Add cinnamon, honey and vanilla to the resulting mixture, then pour it into molds. Let cool slightly and place in the refrigerator for about one hour.
Seasoning
To create a fragrant and unusual seasoning, you only need raw cocoa beans. They must be fried for 15 minutes in the oven, and the temperature should be +180 degrees. After this, they need to be judged and dried thoroughly. To grind the grains, you can use a meat grinder or coffee grinder.
This exquisite seasoning will perfectly complement mousse, jelly or pastry cream. It attracts attention with a spicy taste with a slight bitterness.
Cookie
Children will definitely like this dessert, although adults are not averse to enjoying delicious chocolate cookies. To prepare this dish you will need the following ingredients:
- crushed cocoa seeds - 8 tablespoons;
- bananas – 4 pieces;
- crushed flax – 2 tablespoons;
- coconut flakes - 2 tablespoons.
Preparation includes the following steps:
- you need to puree bananas using a blender;
- add crushed seeds to the puree and knead the mass thoroughly;
- from the prepared mass you should make flat cakes of small diameter; for this you can use a spoon;
- The flatbreads should be sprinkled with coconut flakes;
- It is necessary to allow the liver to dry a little before using it; to do this, it should be turned over from time to time.
Grated cocoa beans can be added to various desserts, muesli, yoghurts and ice cream. They are used as a flavoring agent and also as a decorative element.
Use in medicine
Chocolate tree beans are often used in medicine, since they:
- help fast healing not only wounds, but also burns;
- ensure the maintenance of normal cholesterol levels in the blood;
- enhance the effect in the treatment of acute respiratory diseases;
- help relieve coughing attacks;
- actively used in the treatment of bronchitis;
- quite often used in the treatment of tuberculosis, but in combination with medications.
It is worth paying attention to the medicinal properties of cocoa butter, since it gives elasticity to the walls of blood vessels and tissues and helps strengthen them. This has a positive effect on diseases such as atherosclerosis, stomach ulcers, varicose veins, and cancer. Using cocoa butter significantly reduces the possibility of a heart attack.
According to research, if you consume chocolate tree beans for 5-10 years, the risk of developing cancer cells is significantly reduced.
Cocoa butter is quite widely used in pharmacology. Thus, suppositories are produced on its basis for both rectal and vaginal administration. It is indispensable in the creation of creams and ointments that are applied to mucous membranes or skin. It is cocoa bean butter that gives medicines durability, creating a high-density consistency that is retained at room temperature and also melts easily when entering the body. Chocolate tree bean oil is very important in complex therapy in the treatment of various diseases, for example:
- Constipation. To prepare the solution, add a teaspoon of oil to a glass of warm milk and stir well. This drink should be taken daily before going to bed. The course of treatment is three weeks.
- Haemorrhoids. Before defecation, you should take a small piece of oil and insert it into the rectum. The emptying process itself should be delayed for a few minutes, and then go to the toilet. To relieve the symptoms of this disease, experts recommend performing this procedure in the morning and evening. You can use the oil until this disease passes.
- Cough. To prepare a cough remedy, you need to mix 200 ml of warm milk and one teaspoon of cocoa butter. You should take one glass of this drink three times a day. It has no contraindications, so you can drink it until the cough goes away completely.
- Angina. To get rid of this disease, you should consume half a tablespoon of oil three times a day, while slowly dissolving it in your mouth. Cocoa butter can be consumed for a long time until the sore throat disappears.
- Bronchitis. When treating this disease, you should move a piece of butter over chest while performing a light massage. This will improve blood flow to the airways, thereby speeding up the healing process.
- Cervical erosion. To prepare the solution, take 1 teaspoon of oil and melt it in a water bath, after which it must be thoroughly mixed with sea buckthorn oil (10 drops). Next, you should take a cotton swab, it should be saturated with the prepared product, after which it must be carefully inserted into the vagina. This procedure should be performed once a day before bedtime. This treatment can be carried out for two to three weeks.
- Wounds and cracks on the lips or feet. To get rid of such unpleasant symptoms, you should carefully lubricate the problem areas with a piece of butter. Treatment is carried out until the problem completely disappears.
- Varicose veins In those places where there are dilated veins, you should apply oil, previously melted in a water bath, and then cover it with gauze. The so-called compress is left in this form for half an hour. Such applications can be done once or twice a day. The course of treatment is up to two weeks.
- Flu and acute respiratory diseases. To prevent these diseases, you can use cocoa butter as oxolinic ointment. They should lubricate the nasal mucosa before leaving home, as well as in places with large crowds of people.
To learn how to make chocolate from cocoa beans at home, watch the following video.
Cocoa beans have long been called the food of the gods. Modern consumers may be perplexed by such an enthusiastic epithet. After all, they are used mainly for the production of chocolate and other sweets with an equally high degree of processing. Unfortunately, such products do not even contain some of the properties of natural raw cocoa beans.
Research shows that people who consume even ready-made chocolate live an average of a year longer. Therefore, you can imagine the benefits of consuming real cocoa in its original form.
By origin, cocoa beans are the fruits of small trees growing in the tropical forests of Central and South America. Nowadays they can be found in other parts of the world, for example in Africa. Cocoa - evergreen tree and bears fruit all year round, he doesn’t have an off-season.
The plant began to be cultivated around 1500 BC. e., the Mayans and Aztecs valued beans more than gold and used them as money. Christopher Columbus brought cocoa to Europe. The product quickly gained popularity at the Spanish royal court, and then throughout Europe. Residents of the Old World appreciated its taste and health benefits.
Today, the benefits of cocoa are confirmed by numerous scientific studies.
Cocoa has a positive effect on the cardiovascular system thanks to the flavonoid epicatechin. But since this compound is characterized by a bitter taste, it is removed from cocoa products. Milk and sugar further neutralize its beneficial power.
If you don’t want or have the opportunity to eat raw cocoa beans, you can eat dark chocolate: it retains some of the flavonoids.
According to scientific research, the benefits of epicatechins are as follows:
- improve short-term memory,
- stimulate blood supply to the brain and blood circulation in general,
- effectively reduce blood pressure.
A team of Dutch scientists has proven that those who consume cocoa beans and cocoa-based products regularly have a reduced risk of dying from heart disease.
Treasury of useful elements
The product is a generous source of many nutrients.
Antioxidants are present in high concentrations, which “protect” our body from free radicals. The harm of these molecules comes down to a destructive effect on DNA, which causes various diseases and is the cause of early aging.
Another component that cocoa beans are a rich source of is magnesium, an effective weapon against stress. It also protects the heart: improves blood flow, ensures oxygenation (supply of oxygen) to cells, increases productivity, relaxes muscles, develops flexibility and helps in strengthening bones.
16-42% of the world's population has a magnesium deficiency, so it's definitely worth paying attention to.
Cocoa contains such an amount of iron that covers the daily requirement for this element. Iron is part of hemoglobin and is essential for transporting oxygen throughout the body. It is also an effective weapon against anemia.
Cocoa beans contain sufficient levels of chromium to compensate for its deficiency in the body. This important mineral helps maintain normal blood sugar levels.
There are other microelements:
- manganese – together with iron, participates in the formation of hemoglobin;
- zinc – is part of many enzymes in the body, has a positive effect on the immune system;
- copper – necessary for the construction of red blood cells.
Raw cocoa contains fatty acid omega-6, vitamin C and phenylethylamine (PEA). It is produced in our body during falling in love, and also helps improve concentration and the speed of the nervous system's response to external stimuli.
Cocoa is a strong stimulant
Contrary to popular belief, cocoa beans do not contain excess caffeine, the dangers of which we have heard a lot about. It is known that the product contains theobromine, a substance related to caffeine. Theobromine does not stimulate the nervous system so much, but it supports the heart and blood vessels.
Scientific studies have shown that cocoa does not increase blood sugar concentrations like other caffeinated products do. When consuming raw cocoa, the level rises by only 6-10%. For comparison, foods containing various stimulants can increase sugar levels by more than 30%.
But these wonderful beans increase the level of serotonin, the so-called “happiness hormone,” in the brain. It is one of the main neurotransmitters synthesized by the human body. It helps in the fight against stress and depression.
The benefit of cocoa also lies in the fact that it is the only plant source of anandamide, an endorphin responsible for mood, which is naturally produced in our body after sports training.
Possible harm
For most people, cocoa products are safe to consume in reasonable quantities, but they contain caffeine-related chemicals that may cause whole line harmful properties, especially if consumed uncontrolled.
- Anxiety. Doctors have concerns that in large quantities cocoa can aggravate the condition of patients suffering from anxiety disorders.
- The harm of cocoa for people with bleeding disorders is that it slows down clotting and increases the risk of blood loss.
- In some cases, it can cause tachycardia in heart patients.
- For those who suffer from diarrhea, the harm of cocoa beans comes down to aggravating the condition.
- In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the product prevents proper operation a valve in the food tube that is supposed to keep stomach contents from returning to the esophagus or airway. This may make GERD symptoms worse.
- For people with glaucoma, raw cocoa is contraindicated as it increases intraocular pressure.
- For hypertensive patients, this undoubtedly interesting product will do more harm than good.
- For irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), as well as for diarrhea, use is contraindicated.
- May cause migraines and headaches in particularly sensitive people.
- Caffeine-related compounds in cocoa beans increase the excretion of calcium from the body through urine. Therefore, in most cases, the product is harmful for people with osteoporosis.
- Stop drinking cocoa at least 2 weeks before your scheduled surgery.
- Fast, irregular heartbeat (tachyarrhythmia). Products containing theobromine can aggravate the condition of patients. This is another harmful property of cocoa beans and their derivatives.
Cocoa contains oxalic acid. Although its content is small compared to, for example, spinach and some other greens. It should also be remembered that the harm of oxalic acid is fully manifested only after heat treatment, when it combines with calcium and settles in the kidneys. Here's another argument in favor of raw cocoa.
Try to find natural beans or unprocessed bean powder in stores - this is real “live” food.
The fact that cocoa beans are extremely useful no longer requires proof, because they contain:
- minerals,
- caffeine,
- theobromine,
- dolamin,
- histamine,
- serotonin,
- vitamins B1 and B2,
- carbohydrates,
- proteins,
- fats.
In general, several beneficial and medicinal properties of cocoa beans can be especially noted.
- They are the strongest natural antioxidant,
- improve and even restore vision,
- help those losing weight lose weight,
- slow down the aging process,
- improve the condition of blood vessels,
- strengthens the heart
- help fight depression.
What are the benefits of cocoa beans?
- Slowing down aging and strengthening immunity
Occur due to the antioxidant properties of cocoa beans.
- Improving vision functions
The beneficial effects on vision come from beta-carotene. This provitamin has a strong preventive effect on eye diseases.
- Weight loss
Help in losing weight when eating cocoa beans is due to the presence of nutrients in them that accelerate metabolism and normalize the metabolic processes of fats and carbohydrates.
- Anti-aging effect
The rejuvenating effect of cocoa beans is determined by the presence of nicotinic acid, which synthesizes “youth proteins” - keratin and collagen.
- Help with heart disease
Strengthening the heart muscle and blood vessels is determined by the substance theobramine, which promotes blood circulation and prevents the formation of blood clots.
Who should consume cocoa beans?
This product is indicated for almost all people with rare exceptions. Cocoa beans are especially recommended for those who work a lot, as they increase efficiency. Those who have problems with brittle bones need cocoa beans to strengthen them and prevent osteoporosis. Those who want to lose weight will also benefit from eating this great product. Our comrades and friends suffering from bad mood and depression! Knowledge workers will be happy with cocoa beans for the reason that their memory and attention will improve.
How to eat cocoa beans
Drinking cocoa milk daily removes toxins. Those who want to quit smoking, as well as those who are struggling with alcoholism, need to chew cocoa beans. But in order to improve memory and thought processes, you need to brew cocoa grains, infuse and drink, with sugar or honey if desired. The dosage of cocoa beans is limited. It is advisable not to exceed 50 grams per day. There are some contraindications. Cocoa beans are not recommended for consumption by children under three years of age, pregnant women, or people who have a severe allergic reaction to cocoa beans.
Recipes from cocoa beans
- Cocoa beans with honey
To begin with, you can try cocoa beans simply raw and without seasoning. Then, to add a hint of taste, you can add honey. It's simple and delicious. If you peel the nuts, the taste will change. It will become more refined and delicate.
- Cocoa bean shavings
By grinding cocoa beans in a coffee grinder, you can later use these cocoa shavings to enhance the taste of desserts and ice cream. The taste of some fruits becomes very pleasant if they are lightly sprinkled with cocoa shavings. Raw cocoa beans are very good for making desserts, drinks and candies. But you need to remember that you cannot add boiling water to raw beans, as this will cause high temperatures they may disappear beneficial features.
You will need half a teaspoon of cocoa butter. It must be added to a glass of warm, not too hot milk. So tasty and healthy drink will allow you to quickly overcome the disease.
- Recipe for hemorrhoids
To do this you will need pure cocoa butter, no more than one teaspoon. It must be inserted into the anus three times a day, especially if hemorrhoids cause discomfort and discomfort. 
- Cocoa against thrush
Take a small amount of tea tree oil and cocoa bean butter (warm up). The ingredients are mixed, rolled into suppositories and inserted into the vagina once a day.
Take cocoa bean butter and sea buckthorn oil in a 3:1 ratio, mix, moisten a tampon in this mixture. Inject it every night for two weeks. If necessary, repeat the course.
- For atherosclerosis
Cocoa butter should be melted in a water bath and taken half a teaspoon twice a day. Preferably 15 minutes before meals.
Cocoa beans are a valuable product - how to use them? This question can be answered taking into account the diversity different products, in which they are an important component. In addition to the fact that they represent a collection of the most valuable components, after processing the beans have the peculiarity of acquiring a unique taste and aroma. Chocolate is made from cocoa beans and is widely used in cooking using all kinds of recipes. However, the use of the product is not limited to this area. The chocolate tree has its own history, and today it has acquired truly unprecedented popularity in all countries of the world.
What is cocoa
Initially, cocoa was considered wild. This is a type of evergreen plant - a tall tree that the Mayan Indians revered as a shrine.
It was necessarily consumed as food during various rituals and sacrifices, including the preparation of drinks that were required to be present on the table during weddings.
Sacred fruits were identified with the heart and blood of a person, as evidenced by ancient images of gods who, cutting the neck, sprinkled it with the fruit.
The tree itself reaches twelve meters in height, has thin leaves and branches located closer to the sunlight at the very top. The cocoa tree blooms pink and white.
Their pollination occurs with the help of midges, which are called midges. The fruits are initially shaped like oval melons with grooves, along which the grains themselves are located, enveloped in white pulp. Each fruit has a different number, from 20 to 60 pieces, which become ripe after four months.
Useful properties of cocoa beans
Cocoa beans are especially useful when eaten raw.
They help strengthen human immunity and have a beneficial effect on genetics, which are disturbed by the environment and nutrition with a large amount of concentrates and harmful substances. Live cocoa can improve vision, give energy and strength, increase concentration, normalize sleep and stabilize the nervous system, and is a natural antidepressant.
Regarding women's problems during the menstrual cycle, cocoa beans help relieve pain and eliminate weakness. In men, even in old age, thanks to the consumption of cocoa beans, potency and overall vitality increase. Cocoa beans are an absolutely harmless product and are suitable for small children as additives to baby food.
Cocoa beans are rich in polyphenols and flavanols. These substances successfully function as antioxidants. Moreover, being natural components, they react with the body in an accelerated manner without additional chemicals, although their qualities are several times higher than the effect of vitamin E.
Cocoa contains iron and chromium, which can prevent the development of many serious diseases. The main composition of cocoa includes vitamin B1, B2, PP, provitamin A, magnesium, potassium, sodium, calcium, theobromine, protein, phytostearins, polysaccharides, monosaccharides, polyphenols, tannins, organic acids, anandamide, agrigin, dopamine, epicatecin, histamine , serotin, tyramine, tryptophan.
The fruits of the beans have a tart, slightly astringent taste, pleasant aroma and coloring properties.
Cocoa beans in cooking
Quite well known from history interesting case one passionate lover of a natural energy chocolate drink called cacahutal. It was an Aztec leader named Montezuma. Montezuma was distinguished by his strong health and owned 600 wives. Moreover, even at that time he caused considerable surprise to the entire tribe at how he could manage all of them and, in addition, be a good leader. Strange as it may seem, it was the Europeans who paid attention to this fact Special attention and came to the conclusion that cocoa is a source of energy and strength.
The most common type of cocoa is forastero beans, which are dark brown in color, contain a lot of fat and have a nutty smell. This variety of beans is used almost everywhere. In Spain and Italy, they prefer to add cocoa product in the form of sauce and put it in meat dishes from poultry, veal, fish and in stew with mushrooms.
Several recipes for home cooking
On this moment there are recipes for preparing cocoa beans as in pure form, and as useful additives that improve the taste of other foods and sweets. Here are a few of them.
Chocolate shake: mix whole milk with coconut in equal proportions, cut one banana into small pieces, and add one or two tablespoons of ground cocoa beans.
Nut fudge with chocolate: cocoa is pre-ground to a powder. Almonds and cashews, agave nectar, coconut oil and honey are added to the blender. All ingredients are placed in approximate quantity, according to taste preferences. The whole mass is whipped - the sweetness is ready for use.
Solid homemade chocolate. The necessary ingredients are 150 g of dry beans, 100 g of cocoa butter, 250 g of granulated sugar. Cocoa beans must be ground using an electric coffee grinder. Mix all ingredients and place on low heat, stirring constantly. You cannot add water; you can add a little cocoa butter if the mass is very thick. After the composition has cooled, it is divided into forms. And when it reaches room temperature, the molds are placed in the refrigerator. Homemade solid chocolate will be ready to eat in about an hour.
Roasted grated cocoa can be added to yoghurts, desserts, muesli and ice cream.
You can make a chocolate dessert. To do this, mix agave nectar, honey and crushed cocoa beans. The mixture is placed in the refrigerator for half an hour.
Cocoa beans are a natural, high-quality product, very healthy, which, moreover, has a wonderful aroma and taste.
The chocolate tree, or cocoa as it is often called, belongs to the genus Theobroma, in the Malvaceae family. It is of particular value due to its fruits - cocoa beans. Huge plantations evergreen spread across tropical forests, most of which are located in Africa. Cocoa beans can be used both raw and processed (for example, cocoa powder, cocoa butter, which are used not only in cooking, but also in perfumery and the pharmaceutical industry).
Description of the chocolate tree
The chocolate tree is an evergreen plant reaching a height of 12-15 meters. It is straight-trunked and not very wide in diameter (about 30 centimeters). The color of the bark is brown, the wood is yellow. Cocoa has many branches and leaves. The leaves have a rounded-oblong shape, large sizes(up to 30 cm long) and fine structure, they combine two shades of green: dark green and light green. The tree also blooms with small flowers of pinkish-white and pinkish-red iridescence. The flowers themselves are quite attractive, but they give off a foul aroma that is so attractive to dung flies and butterflies; these insects are the main pollinators of cocoa.
What do the fruits look like?
The tree bears fruit large fruits, reminiscent of a genus of citrus fruits, however, with deep grooves. The outside of the cocoa beans is dense and wrinkled. Inherent colors are red, orange, yellow. The chocolate bean inside contains pulp, divided into five compartments, each with seeds (up to 12 pieces in a separate column). Cocoa beans are always fermented first to improve the taste and aroma.
Where do cocoa trees grow?
How do cocoa beans grow? The homeland of cocoa is tropical forests (South and Central America, Mexico). In countries where the chocolate tree grows, the climate is necessarily humid and hot. Cocoa is a rather fastidious plant, since a temperature drop below 20 degrees or, conversely, an increase above 30 degrees immediately affects the tree. Also, this culture does not like direct sunlight, so it is not found at higher elevations, but only in lowlands. Last year's foliage, loose and fertile buds are the tree's best friends. On plantations, this plant is watered abundantly every day.
How to grow cocoa
How are cocoa beans grown? What conditions are required? The plant propagates using seeds or cuttings. The difficulty of growing seeds is that they can only be planted within 10 days after ripening, then they simply will not sprout. For planting, make soil that includes turf, withered leaves and sand. The beans are first planted in small containers to a depth of 2 cm. The seedlings are kept at a temperature of 23-25 degrees. The main conditions for successful germination are abundant watering and regular irrigation of the sprouts.
The evergreen plant is also grown at home. There is nothing complicated about it. You will need a deep pot and loose soil with fertilizers. Place the chocolate tree beans in a warm water so that slight fermentation and swelling occurs. Make holes in the prepared soil 2-3 centimeters deep. Place one swollen grain in each cavity. Place the pot in a warm, bright place. Water regularly. As soon as the seedlings appear, protect them from direct sunlight. Expect sprouts to appear in about 15-20 days. If you overwater the plant, mold will appear on the leaves. Don't forget to feed with organic fertilizers. You can get a good harvest from trees grown at home.
Composition of cocoa beans
The vitamin, microelement and macroelement composition of the fruits of the evergreen plant is huge and almost reaches 300 components. The calories in the raw materials are also noticeable - 530 kcal per 100 grams of product. It contains the most fat - 53.2 g, in second place are proteins - 12.9 g, slightly less carbohydrates - 9.4 g, there is also water - 6.5 g, a little ash - 2.7 g. , a little organic acids – 2.2 g.
The calorie content of cocoa beans is quite high, however, firstly, the grains improve the digestion process, and secondly, they bring quick satiety, so the seeds of this fruit are often used in various diets.
Macronutrient composition of cocoa beans
In cocoa beans per 100 grams, potassium (750 mg) and phosphorus (500 mg) take the lead in macronutrients, followed by magnesium (80 mg) and sulfur (83 mg), and chlorine (50 mg) in third place. ), in honorable fourth place is calcium (25 mg), and let’s not forget about sodium (5 mg).
Microelement composition
The amount of copper in chocolate tree beans is amazing - 2270 mcg! They contain a lot of molybdenum - 40 mcg, cobalt - 27 mcg, zinc - 4.5 mcg and iron - 4 mcg.
Health benefits and harms
At the beginning of the 21st century, a scientist from Harvard University, Norman Gollenberg, was actively involved in research on cocoa beans and identified the substance epicatechin in their composition, which prevents heart attacks, strokes, cancer, etc. Large-scale studies were carried out by the University of Münster, during which the presence of raw cocoa was proven cocohil substance, which improves the growth and restoration of skin cells. The latest discovery made a breakthrough in medicine, as new drugs appeared that quickly heal wounds and rejuvenate the skin. Melanin, which is present in beans, is also important; it performs the function of protecting against ultraviolet rays. But there are substances in chocolate beans, for example, purine, which causes salt deposits in bone tissue and accumulates uric acid. About all the useful and harmful properties We’ll tell you more about miracle beans below.
Useful properties of cocoa beans
The vitamins, antioxidants and minerals contained in cocoa beans are amazing in quantity and quality. This composition affects their positive properties, which are that cocoa beans:
- Improves mood, calms the nervous system;
- They affect blood circulation and brain function, hence a quick reaction to what is happening and excellent memory;
- Lead to strengthening of the cardiovascular system, balancing blood pressure;
- Relieves fatigue;
- Strengthen motor activity;
- Provide restful sleep;
- Increases sexual desire, positively influencing the intimacy of partners;
- Actively cope with stress and depression;
- Reduce the risk of cancer;
- Increases the amount of the female hormone estrogen;
- Reduce the risk of osteoporosis;
- Helps burn extra calories;
- Extend life.
Cocoa beans and weight loss
What are the benefits of cocoa beans for those who want to lose unnecessary pounds? Raw nuts speed up metabolic processes between body cells, strengthen the endocrine system, and balance fat composition. And their best visible effect is appetite suppression and rapid satiety. Raw cocoa is an excellent option for a quick and easy snack that will give you a lot of energy for new things. In a month of eating these beans you can lose up to 3-4 kilograms!
Not very useful properties
The small amount of caffeine contained in raw cocoa limits the consumption of nuts for pregnant women, lactating women, and small children. Besides this product inhibits the absorption of calcium, which is so necessary for proper development fetus in the womb, so women in an interesting situation should completely abandon its consumption. The harm also lies in the fact that cocoa may cause allergic reaction both for the unborn child and for the mother.
The chocolate tree is grown on a large scale on huge plantations and is constantly treated with fertilizers and pesticides. Very unpleasant and disgusting creatures live in the fruits - cockroaches, so after harvesting they also carry out additional processing chemicals. Fermentation of cocoa beans is a mandatory process that significantly improves the characteristics of the raw material.
Recipes with cocoa beans
How to eat cocoa beans? Chocolate is made from the fruits of the cocoa tree and cocoa powder is made. This is not a complete list; grains can be used to make excellent dishes. Best Recipes Here.
Seasoning
Roast the raw cocoa beans in the oven at 180 degrees (15 minutes). Cool and dry thoroughly. Grind them in a coffee grinder or using a meat grinder. This seasoning is perfect for pastry cream, mousse, and jelly. It has a bitterish spicy taste.
Cream sauce
Fry 2 tbsp. flour in a frying pan. As soon as it turns yellow, pour in a glass of heavy cream and bring to a boil. Grind some grains, we only need 1 tbsp. ground grain. After the cream boils, add crushed raw materials, a pinch of salt and pepper.
Homemade chocolate
Grind the cocoa beans and fry in a frying pan for 15 minutes. Combine roasting and cocoa butter, put powdered milk, put on fire using the “water bath” method. Cook until the whole mass is homogeneous, remembering to stir. If you take 0.5 kg. seeds, then the amount of cocoa butter will be the same, that is, 0.5 kg, the amount of milk powder is 2 times less - 0.25 kg. Calculate your own kilograms and grams of ingredients, always observing the proportion 2/2/1. Pour hot chocolate into molds, leave on the table for an hour, then put in the refrigerator for 2-3 hours.
Chocolate cookies
You will prepare the cookies very quickly, but you will have to wait half a day before they dry. If you are willing to be patient, write down the recipe. When you eat, feel a slight crunch.
You will need:
- 8 tbsp. crushed cocoa seeds;
- 4 bananas;
- 2 tbsp. crushed flax;
- 2 tbsp. coconut flakes.
Step by step recipe:
- Process the bananas in a blender to a viscous puree.
- Add crushed seeds to the bananas and knead the mixture.
- Form small cakes using a spoon and sprinkle coconut flakes on top. Leave to dry.
- Turn the cookies every hour.
Cocoa bean butter
Fat, called oil, is obtained from the seeds of the cocoa tree. It has a pleasant cocoa aroma and whitish yellow color. Interestingly, at a temperature of 15-17 degrees, the oil has a solid structure, and increasing the temperature leads to liquefaction and acquiring a transparent color. This oil contains many acids, among which are: oleic, lauric, arachidic, etc. Many recipes include this oil.
How to make cocoa from cocoa beans?
What is cocoa? The drink, known throughout the world, was discovered at the beginning of the 19th century by the Dutch chemist Johann Houten, who squeezed the oil from the beans to create cocoa powder, so loved by children and adults.
Types of cocoa beans
There are three varieties of chocolate tree: Trinitario, Criolo and Forastero. For example, Forastero has dark brown grains that are distinguished by a bitter taste, high fat content, and strong odor. In addition, this species is not picky about its conditions and can withstand temperature changes and drought. Criolo seeds have a pleasant aroma and slight color. Each type of cocoa tree is unique in its chemical composition. Varieties of cocoa beans are named after the countries in which they are grown.
IN Big world cocoa beans arrived thanks to the Spaniards, who noticed a special respectful attitude local population to the chocolate tree and its fruits. Interestingly, there used to be even an exchange of seeds for slaves. They first learned to make hot chocolate from the fruits, and only then cocoa and other secondary products. The first chocolate appeared recently - at the beginning of the 19th century. Cocoa beans have such beneficial properties as improving mood, strengthening heart vessels, balancing blood pressure, relieving fatigue, burning calories, prolonging life, etc. Many culinary recipes worldwide include processed chocolate tree raw materials.
In contact with
