Quite often, unfortunately, the problems of waterproofing and hydraulic concrete are remembered only after the building or structure has already been constructed. For almost all structures made of concrete, or simply put, protecting everything built from concrete from water penetration is, to put it mildly, a hot topic. The task of waterproofing vegetable pits is very important, because rotten potatoes and spoiled preparations will probably delight you in winter.
Typical problems of vegetable storage:
- water enters the room through cracks in the wall and technological seams.
- cracks in the concrete bottom.
- There are areas with local destruction of concrete.
- water seeps through the thickness of the wall
A simple and effective way to waterproof your vegetable pit is to use the KT Tron material system.
The main advantages of KT Tron waterproofing:
- high quality waterproofing coating;
- simplicity and speed of coating application;
- Possibility of application on a damp surface;
- durability;
Waterproofing vegetable pit
Remove loose concrete mechanically(using a jackhammer, hammer drill or machine high pressure(AED) type KARCHER).
Clean the concrete surface using a brush with metal bristles from dust, dirt, cement laitance, tile adhesive, paint and other materials that prevent the penetration of active chemical components into the concrete.
Along the entire length of cracks, seams, joints, junctions and around the entrance of communications, make configuration fines " dovetail» depth 30 and outer width 20 mm. With severely damaged concrete, the size of the fine increases.
Clean the scratches with a brush with metal bristles, a high pressure brush.
If the reinforcement is exposed, remove sufficient quantity concrete behind the reinforcing bars until they are completely clean. Remove rust mechanically or chemically(to bare metal) and apply an anti-corrosion coating (mineral, epoxy or zinc) before using the material “KT Tron-3 (repair)” or “KT Tron-4 (quick repair)”
Stage 2. Waterproofing of structural elements
a) Elimination of active leaks:
b) Waterproofing seams, joints, cracks.
Moisten the groove thoroughly.
Prepare a solution of the KT Tron-2 material.
Fill the hole tightly with it (with a hole 20 X 30 mm, material consumption 1.35 kg/m.p.)
The KT Tron-2 material has a penetrating effect, so the grooves under it do not require pre-treatment with penetrating compounds, which distinguishes the KT Tron line of materials from other brands.
Stage 3. Application of waterproofing coating
Waterproofing concrete with a penetrating compound:
Thoroughly moisten the concrete surface.
Prepare a solution of waterproofing material “KT Tron-1”, apply it in two layers with a synthetic fiber brush.
Apply the first layer to damp concrete with a brush, applying strokes in one direction (without smearing).
Before applying the second layer, moisten the surface. Apply the second layer on a fresh, but already set first layer. It is recommended to apply the layers in perpendicular directions.
Calculation of the material for two-layer application on a smooth surface is 0.8 kg/m2, on a rough surface – 1.0 kg/m2.
Stage 4. Surface care
Care must be taken to ensure that processed waterproofing materials of the KT Tron system, the surfaces remained wet for 3 days, no cracking or peeling of the coating should be observed, the temperature regime was observed.
To moisten treated surfaces when waterproofing vegetable pits, the following methods are usually used: water spraying, covering the concrete surface with plastic film.
A vegetable pit, often called a cellar, is very convenient for storing crops: it has sufficient volume and does not require electricity. Such a storage facility is a must-have for any homestead. It is often installed in a garage: this allows residents of city high-rise buildings to enjoy the benefits of a cellar. But safe storage of supplies requires compliance with a number of conditions, the main one of which is high-quality waterproofing of the vegetable pit. However, first things first.
Before you begin building an underground vegetable storage facility, you need to find out the following:
- is there any planned earthworks such engineering Communication, such as power electrical cables, communications, gas pipelines, sewerage and water supply;
- what is the soil structure and level groundwater(this will require geological work, otherwise the cellar will be flooded from time to time);
- make at least a rough design.
After this, you can begin land work. Waterproofing is carried out immediately after the walls are erected.
After completion of excavation and installation horizontal waterproofing you can start building the walls of the vegetable storage
Features of waterproofing underground structures
Any underground building construction Concrete is capable of permeating water. Namely, the walls of underground vegetable storage are most often built from concrete. The exception is special concrete, but it is expensive and therefore its use is not always advisable. Utility buildings are built from ordinary concrete. Therefore, without proper protection from moisture, the vegetable storage facility will not be suitable for its intended use: groundwater will ooze out from almost all cracks and joints. all year round.
It is impossible to correct the situation using roofing felt or any other means. The reason is that treatment from the inside cannot last long, since the material, when pressure is applied to it, is not pressed against the concrete walls, but, on the contrary, is torn away from them. Therefore, isolation must be carried out in advance.
Vertical waterproofing vegetable pit can also be made with rolled welded material
But not all methods are good for this. For example, pasted and coating waterproofing(by using roll materials and mastic) has the following disadvantages:
- Firstly, with even minor damage, all the work done may be in vain.
- Secondly, it is almost impossible to repair such protection: the location of the leak may be completely different from the place where it appears from the inside. IN winter time this is out of the question: frozen soil can allow water to pass through, but will not allow the outside of the concrete wall to be cleaned and sealed. It will also not be possible to eliminate the leak from the inside: most special means Can only be used on dry surfaces.
How to protect a vegetable pit from groundwater
Dry ones are best suited for waterproofing a cellar. building mixtures, with the help of which penetrating insulation is arranged. They are not intended to create an impermeable coating on the surface; they enter into its structure, forming monolithic wall. It is impossible to damage such material: its service life is equal in duration to the service life of the entire structure.
Also, the advantage of these mixtures is their good resistance to water pressure both from the inside and outside. Dry building mixtures can be used internally and external sides. In this case, the surface to be treated should not be dry: on the contrary, it must be moistened before treatment. The mixture must be diluted with water and applied to the concrete with a brush.
The penetrating insulation compound is applied with a wide brush.
The layer should be thin: no more than 1-2 mm. Components of a special composition react with the material being processed, penetrating through capillaries to a depth of just under a meter. The resulting insoluble crystals tightly “seal” all voids, blocking all paths for moisture penetration. In this case, steam can easily pass through the wall and the vegetable storage will have natural ventilation.
It is important that the concrete has sufficient moisture before processing: this necessary condition for a faster reaction of the interaction of active substances. The thin layer of crystals that forms on the surface of concrete can be cleaned off: it is necessary only at the initial stage of crystallization of the substance to temporarily hold it on the surface.
This is important to know: only right choice material and method of waterproofing will give the desired result. Mistakes can lead to a waste of money, and most importantly, the vegetable pit will turn out to be a useless structure. For correct execution It is recommended to invite professionals with the necessary experience.
Penetrating insulation serves reliable protection concrete walls
This method It is highly reliable: concrete treated in this way can withstand water pressure of up to 20 atmospheres. The use of penetrating waterproofing is beneficial from an economic point of view. To work with penetrating mixtures there is no need to use gas or gasoline burners. You don't need many helpers either: even one person can easily cope with this task. The main advantage of the method is that the vegetable pit will be protected for a long time: concrete structure can last at least several decades.
In addition to the traditional use of a garage for storing a car with accompanying vehicles consumables and spare parts, very often by city residents basement used for arranging vegetable storage and a storage place for canned salads and fruits. You build a vegetable pit in the garage with your own hands according to the same laws and rules as the foundation itself, but taking into account the specifics of storing the crop, creating the required temperature and humidity in the first place.
Requirements for setting up a vegetable pit in the garage
Setting up a reliable and convenient vegetable pit under the garage is not as easy as it might seem. Despite numerous advice various kinds craftsmen and experts, best option It is quite difficult to select a microclimate for specific vegetables; you have to check various ventilation modes, control humidity, and prevent open water in the basement of the garage.
To prevent spoilage and rotting of fruits, the storage process in a vegetable pit must be controlled and clearly balanced.
There are several ways to make a vegetable pit in the garage:
- Use the garage basement;
- In the inspection hole of the garage, cut a niche and a depression in the ground of the appropriate shape and size;
- Build a vegetable pit directly in the garage floor.
Advice! Before deciding how to make a vegetable pit, you need to think through the issues of thermal insulation and organization of ventilation in the garage and vegetable storage. These are the two most effective ways to maintain the required level of moisture in vegetable mass.
Vegetable pit design
A vegetable pit differs from a vegetable storage only in the size of the room, basic requirements There are practically no differences in harvest storage:
- The volume of the pit must correspond to the mass of stored products. No more than 100 liters of vegetable products can be stored per 1 m 3 of space, but in reality, the larger the volume, the easier it is to store the crop;
- For a room with a volume of 1-3 m3, storage of vegetables is ensured by natural ventilation, so it is important to correct zoning and placing vegetable products in the pit in such a way that stagnant zones with condensation do not form on the walls;
- It is recommended to make the indoor floor in the form of a staircase or several segments of different heights. If the water level sharply increases, this way can avoid getting the boxes of vegetables wet.
Advice! Experts recommend making the floor in the garage vegetable pit in the form of one or two channels 10-15 cm deep and wide, with side terraces the size of the vegetable boxes. The direction of the channels must coincide with the lines of movement air flow from the inlet to the exhaust ventilation pipe.
Thus, the bulk of the heavy air will move along the channel, heat up, dry out excess moisture and, mixing with the warm products of the respiration of vegetables, be removed through the hood. Otherwise, at least three stagnant zones will form in the vegetable pit of the garage, where moisture, condensation and rotting products will accumulate.
In any, even the smallest storage, zoning should be carried out according to the degree of susceptibility to low temperature, that is, between the ventilation inlet and the exhaust pipe located diagonally, boxes with vegetables should be located approximately in the following sequence: carrots - cabbage - apples - potatoes.
If your garage has a deep vegetable pit, during periods of intense snow melting or heavy rains the walls may get wet, and ground and condensing water collects at the bottom of the container. In this case, you will need a catch well and a drainage pump.
Setting up a vegetable pit
When building a storage facility of any size, several basic conditions will need to be met. A niche for a vegetable pit must be dug in the place furthest from the entrance ventilation. For normal drainage, the bottom of the pit will need to be filled with a layer of crushed stone and compacted with the maximum possible degree of compaction. Next, a layer of sand and a waterproofing film are laid. After leveling, the floor will need to be filled with a layer of concrete.
Important! The walls in the vegetable pit of the garage must be laid out brickwork from red ceramic bricks. This required condition successful storage of vegetables.
This solution allows you to achieve stable humidity in the vegetable pit. As the amount of water vapor increases, for example, with the outside air temperature dropping to +3°C, the water begins to condense intensively and be absorbed by porous brick walls. With a further decrease in temperature, the air becomes less humid, so some of the capillary water in the walls is released, and the air humidity in the vegetable pit is restored.
The first important condition for successful storage of food in a vegetable pit is efficient ventilation with a valve system that allows you to precisely regulate the amount of incoming air. In addition to the level of humidity, you will need to regulate the second important indicator - the content of carbon dioxide in the air. Excessively strong ventilation in the garage removes condensation well, but causes the crop in the vegetable pit to rapidly lose moisture and dry out. In addition, inappropriate use of garage ventilation valves can lead to freezing and damage. vegetable crops, sensitive to low temperatures.
Upon completion of work in the garage, all that remains is to fill the bottom of the hole thin layer sand, lay the boards with a gap of 20-30 mm. On that wood flooring it is necessary to install boxes, you can even lay out cabbage heads. It is strictly forbidden to place vegetables on the ground or sand. At the end of the storage season, disinfection must be done in the vegetable pit of the garage, sand must be removed from the bottom, and concrete surface treat with lime or mortar copper sulfate. There should be a gap of 2-3 cm between the wooden walls of the boxes with vegetables and the bottom or walls of the vegetable pit to ensure normal air flow.
Removing water and effectively insulating the vegetable pit
The closer the structure is to the garage entrance door, the faster it cools inner space in the pit in the fall and dries faster in summer period. But the closer the hole is to the walls of the garage, the higher the risk of flooding with rain or groundwater.
Water will accumulate in the garage vegetable storage area if the vegetable pit is not deep enough. For example, if the groundwater level in the garage area is less than 1 m, several additional measures will need to be taken, solving the problem how to dry a room. Firstly, during the construction process, the soil bottom in the pit must be made with a slope towards the installation drainage pipe. After laying the first layer of crushed stone on the floor, two drainage pipes are installed in the shape of the letter T or L, after which geotextiles are laid, an additional layer of crushed stone is poured, followed by sand, waterproofing and concrete screed. The outlet of the drainage pipe is connected to a collecting water well. The well in the vegetable pit of the garage must be located 40-50 cm below floor level. Periodically, water must be removed with a drain pump.
If you do everything correctly, then at any level of groundwater under the garage, the vegetable pit will be cold and waterless. The use of brick walls, good drainage and controlled ventilation in the construction will make the vegetable storage room much more efficient than a simple concrete box embedded in the ground under the garage foundation.
At the same time as solving the problem of how to dry the room, you will need to solve the issue of thermal insulation and a sealed entrance hatch - door. If this is not done, the warm, acidic fumes escaping into the garage will “eat” your car in a few months.
How to heat a vegetable pit in the garage
In the period from late spring until a new crop of vegetables is stored for storage, it is necessary to thoroughly dry the storage area under the garage. Usually, the question of how to dry a room is addressed after removing the remaining vegetables and carrying out disinfection work. Wet brick walls They lose water very poorly and take a long time to dry naturally. Therefore, when choosing a method for drying storage under a garage, preference is given to the forced drying method.
You can effectively dry the area under the garage using forced ventilation. To do this, it is enough to install an electric exhaust ventilation device or use a regular floor fan. In one day of operation, such a device easily dries a room of 1-2m3. If it is not possible to use electrical appliances in the vegetable pit under the garage, you can install a burning kerosene lamp or candle in the exhaust pipe. It is clear that in this case the entrance to the pipe will need to be finished with a layer of thermal insulation.
Important integral part The device in the vegetable pit of the garage is removable thermal insulation. Most often, in order to prevent freezing of the room in special very coldy, the walls in the pit are finished with shields with sheets of polystyrene foam. The entrance hatch or door is equipped with insulation.
Often such security measures temperature regime there is not enough space in the vegetable pit in the garage, so the storage has to be heated using homemade devices. For example, effective means is to use several old car light bulbs installed in metal box. The light emitted by the lamps does not penetrate outside, and the metal surface dissipates heat well.
Conclusion
When choosing conditions for storing crops in a vegetable pit, each garage owner is guided by his experience and knowledge of the soil characteristics. It is impossible to give an exact and effective scheme, capable of working with any garage arrangement. In practice we have to look for optimal sizes and the location of the storage in the garage, test different modes of ventilation and ways to insulate a vegetable pit, so it can be used more effectively on second third a year after construction.
Problems with waterproofing and hydraulic concrete, unfortunately, are only remembered when the building or structure has already been constructed. For almost all structures made of concrete, or simply put, protecting everything built from concrete from water penetration is, to put it mildly, a hot topic. The task of waterproofing vegetable pits is very important, because rotten potatoes and spoiled preparations will probably delight you in winter.
Typical problems of vegetable storage:
- water enters the room through cracks in the wall and technological seams.
- cracks in the concrete bottom.
- There are areas with local destruction of concrete.
- water seeps through the thickness of the wall
A simple and effective way to waterproof your vegetable pit is to use the KT Tron material system.
The main advantages of KT Tron waterproofing:
- high quality waterproofing coating;
- simplicity and speed of coating application;
- Possibility of application on a damp surface;
- durability;
Waterproofing vegetable pit
Stage 1. Surface preparation
- Remove loose concrete mechanically (using a jackhammer, hammer drill or high-pressure apparatus (HPR) type KARCHER).
- Clean the concrete surface using a brush with metal bristles from dust, dirt, cement laitance, tile adhesive, paint and other materials that prevent the penetration of active chemical components into the concrete.
- Along the entire length of cracks, seams, joints, abutments and around the communications entry, make dovetail-shaped fines with a depth of 30 and an outer width of 20 mm. With severely damaged concrete, the size of the fine increases.
- Clean the scratches with a brush with metal bristles, a high pressure brush.
- If reinforcement is exposed, remove sufficient concrete behind the reinforcing bars until they are completely clear. Remove rust mechanically or chemically (to bare metal) and apply an anti-corrosion coating (mineral, epoxy or zinc) before using the material or
Stage 2. Waterproofing of structural elements
b) joints, cracks.
- Moisten the groove thoroughly.
- Prepare a solution of the material
- Fill the hole tightly with it (with a hole 20 X 30 mm, material consumption 1.35 kg/m.p.)
The material has a penetrating effect, so the groove under it does not require pre-treatment with penetrating compounds, which distinguishes the KT Tron line of materials from other brands.
Stage 3. Application of waterproofing coating
Waterproofing concrete with a penetrating compound:
- Thoroughly moisten the concrete surface.
- Prepare a solution of waterproofing material and apply it in two layers with a synthetic fiber brush.
- Apply the first layer to damp concrete with a brush, applying strokes in one direction (without smearing).
- Before applying the second layer, moisten the surface. Apply the second layer on a fresh, but already set first layer. It is recommended to apply the layers in perpendicular directions.
- Calculation of the material for two-layer application on a smooth surface is 0.8 kg/m2, on a rough surface - 1.0 kg/m2.
Stage 4. Surface care
It is necessary to ensure that the surfaces treated with waterproofing materials of the KT Tron system remain wet for 3 days, that cracking and peeling of the coating should not be observed, and that the temperature regime is maintained.
To moisten treated surfaces when waterproofing vegetable pits, the following methods are usually used: water spraying, covering the concrete surface with plastic film.
Preface. Self-waterproofing inspection hole in the garage is a whole complex of works that are aimed at protecting the structure from moisture from the soil. But what materials to choose, how to waterproof the inspection pit and carry out the installation correctly? This article, which contains only information verified by our own experience, will tell you about all this and show it on video.
Every car owner wants his iron horse to serve for a long time, and for this it is necessary to provide the car with timely repairs and maintenance. Many car enthusiasts, based on their experience, prefer to do it themselves minor repairs in the garage. And this requires a garage equipped with tools and accessories.
Why do you need an inspection hole in the garage?
Pit in the garage with lighting and waterproofing
The presence of an inspection hole allows the car owner to be aware of the condition of the car and carry out preventive inspections on time. But when equipping an inspection hole, we must not forget that the structure will be below ground level with the ensuing negative consequences. It's about about the proximity of the base of the inspection hole in the garage to groundwater.
One of the necessary devices in the garage, without which it is quite difficult to perform a high-quality inspection and repair of a car, is an inspection pit. But when constructing a viewing or vegetable pit in a box, there will be colder and more humid air in the recess, which will rise upward.
Thus, the question of how to waterproof a hole in a garage becomes an important task for a car owner. And in order to be as comfortable as possible in the inspection pit, it is necessary to insulate and waterproof it. There is a wide range of products on the market today building materials, which allow you to effectively cope with any insulation tasks.
Problems with waterproofing inspection pits
The insulation of this design seems simple only at first glance. But the pit in the garage should initially be arranged in accordance with construction requirements and norms. This will protect the garage owner from many problems that may arise when waterproofing the pit. To repair a car, there are at least two ways to solve the problem.
The first method is to install high-quality waterproofing, while insulating the pit in the garage will eliminate the appearance of condensation on the walls and protect your feet from the cold while working. The second method is to remove the inspection pit from the garage, but in bad weather or cold period In the cold, car repairs outside of an insulated room will be uncomfortable, with a high risk of catching a cold and getting sick.
How to waterproof a viewing hole
Protecting the inspection hole in the garage with roofing felt
You can effectively protect a pit from moisture in your garage using the following compounds: bitumen mastics, polymer insulation, penetrating waterproofing and liquid rubber. The use of any material has its own characteristics, which you need to know well even before purchasing and starting work on waterproofing a vegetable pit in the garage.
Bitumen roll waterproofing
Bituminous materials are the most common due to their low cost and ability to preserve protective properties within 15-20 years. This material is also attractive for its ease of application, as it is produced in the form of rolls. Most often, roofing felt, euroroofing felt or rubemast are used in garages. The difference between these roll insulators is only in their cost, which does not fundamentally affect the characteristics.
Polymer liquid waterproofing
Polymers differ from roll materials in their increased service life, resistance to mechanical damage, elasticity, chemical neutrality and method of application. Manufacturer guaranteed service life polymer waterproofing practically unlimited. There are single-layer coatings up to 1.5-2 mm and multi-layer coatings up to 3 mm.
Penetrating waterproofing
Modern and one of the most effective ways protection against moisture is penetrating waterproofing Penetron. But this composition only works when processed concrete walls and designs. Installation involves applying the composition with a brush to a pre-moistened concrete surface. The composition penetrates deeply into the pores of concrete, blocking the penetration of moisture into the structure.
Liquid rubber
Liquid rubber is a multicomponent composition of polymers, latex and stabilizers. Waterproofing an inspection pit in a garage with a film of liquid rubber is characterized by elasticity, wide temperature range operation and high moisture protection. Liquid rubber can be used for inspection pits, waterproofing foundations and basements of houses.
How to waterproof a hole in a garage with your own hands
Waterproofing a vegetable pit in a garage begins with concreting the floor and installing or repairing the walls of the cellar. Methods for installing insulating materials depend on the properties of waterproofing. Let’s take a closer look at the specifics of the work, which will help you carry out the work yourself and significantly save money by refusing the expensive services of professionals.
Bituminous materials are most often sold in the form of rolls. They can easily close the most hard to reach places. The sheets are first lubricated with solvents and laid over the entire area of the pit so that the sheets overlap each other by 12-15 cm. The joints are glued together with molten bitumen, bitumen solvent or by melting with a kerosene burner.
Polymer and liquid waterproofing applied to the surface with a brush. If necessary, the composition can be diluted with solvent or white spirit to a more liquid state. Surfaces should be carefully treated to avoid gaps in the waterproofing layer.
To apply penetrating waterproofing, a mixture is purchased and mixed with water according to the manufacturer's instructions. The resulting composition is applied with a brush to a pre-moistened concrete surface. Protective layer is formed within a week through the crystallization of penetrating waterproofing components inside the walls, which clog the pores that allow moisture to pass through the concrete.
Pit waterproofing liquid rubber similar in technology to application polymer compositions. Insulation is applied to moistened surfaces, and all work should be carried out at above-zero temperatures. After application, it is necessary to soak the composition for at least 4 hours so that the surface acquires the required qualities. See further detailed video instructions for waterproofing a pit in a garage.
