In a household, a home craftsman must have a set of all the tools, and therefore this is the unit that will help him further expand his functionality.

Many people can be satisfied with a conventional drill for drilling various holes in everyday life, however, the capabilities and tasks of even the simplest drilling equipment are more global.

In addition to drilling, countersinking and reaming, a tabletop drilling machine can also mill (there is a milling unit), as well as grind various surfaces, as well as perform a number of other tasks.

Such equipment is especially relevant for radio amateurs, who can use it to solve a number of their narrowly focused tasks.

Such a unit for a home workshop can be bought at any specialized store, but it costs a lot, and not every master will find the extra money to purchase a professional drilling machine, which is shown in the photo below.

Meanwhile, if you want to assemble a homemade drilling machine for drilling wood and metal, you can do it yourself from conventional drill.

Of course, you will have to spend personal time making the machine, but the result is worth it.

Tabletop homemade drilling machine in a mini version for wood and metal, if all are available necessary materials everyone can do it House master.

Drilling a variety of holes in everyday life is usually carried out using hand drill, which every skilled owner has in his home workshop.

Meanwhile, even at home it is not always possible to achieve the desired result by using an ordinary drill.

In this case, the question arises of making a mini vertical-horizontal drilling machine for wood and metal with your own hands.

Such a universal unit is simply necessary for those who work in radio electronics for drilling small holes printed circuit boards, which cannot be done with a hand drill.

In addition, a homemade drilling machine will not hurt, and if necessary, drill through and blind holes in various types materials.

Using it, it is very easy to perform drilling and countersinking, as well as, if necessary, cut threads.

If you additionally install a milling unit on it, the capabilities of the unit will expand even further.

The milling unit will make it possible to perform a variety of simple operations for vertical-horizontal milling of a wide variety of materials.

An additive mini drilling unit for drilling printed circuit boards can be made from the most ordinary drill, but to solve more complex tasks will require more complex constructively device, the same milling unit.

Any professional drilling unit consists of several mandatory elements, which include such as a drill, a countersink, a tap, as well as a reamer.

A mini additive machine, assembled with your own hands, must also contain all these components.

If a drilling machine is assembled with your own hands according to all the rules, then a home craftsman can easily, using a milling unit, in addition to drilling printed circuit boards, cut and bore a hole with the required diameter, grind it in accurately, and also perform a number of other specific tasks.

Before you begin assembling the unit, it is recommended that you carefully study existing types drilling machines and understand the basic principle of its operation.

The video posted above shows a homemade drilling unit in action, which can also be used for drilling printed circuit boards.

Species and types

Currently on industrial enterprises and in everyday life a huge number of different modifications of drilling equipment are used.

Many of them are designed to solve exclusively professional problems, and for home use They just don't fit for a variety of reasons.

In the photo below you can see an industrial drilling machine.

Today you can find spindle machines, semi-automatic machines, vertical drilling machines, as well as many other types of units.

For domestic use, a mini additive unit capable of solving simple problems is suitable.

For example, if a machine is needed primarily for drilling printed circuit boards, then it can be assembled from the most ordinary drill.

Like any other equipment, industrial drilling units have their own special designations and markings, which can be used to determine their type and main purpose.

The most popular devices that are most often found are spindle devices, as well as units for radial and horizontal drilling.

A very popular coordinate unit is designed for boring workpieces.

All drilling equipment can be safely classified as a universal type. For a home workshop, make a mini additive unit with your own hands universal type won't be a big deal.

If desired, a homemade coordinate unit can be automated as much as possible and supplemented with various devices, which will only add to its overall functionality.

Depending on the functional purpose Each drilling machine, including a coordinate drill, consists of a certain number of elements.

Any unit of this type, including homemade ones, necessarily consists of a frame, a steering rack, and an engine. The photo below shows a homemade mini drilling unit.

Design features

The drilling machine is a type industrial equipment, designed to solve narrowly focused problems.

It must include a transmission mechanism, control and working elements, as well as a sufficiently powerful electric motor.

Each mechanism included in this equipment has its own purpose, which determines its functional tasks.

Thus, the transmission mechanism is designed mainly to transmit the necessary movement to the working bodies, directly from the installed engine.

In this case, the working body is a drill, which is attached to a chuck, which in turn is connected to a spindle and a rotating shaft.

In a machine of this type, rotation from the engine to the working parts is transmitted through a belt drive. In order for the drill to be in a given position, a rack and pinion gear is used, connected to a special handle.

It is imperative that such a machine, even if it is assembled from a drill, must have buttons in an accessible place that are responsible for turning it on and off.

Machines of this type have a fairly simple design, despite the fact that they can perform a huge number of different functions and solve many narrowly focused tasks.

When assembling such a machine with your own hands, for more high precision When performing work directly on its moving part, it is recommended to place a special scale.

It will help control the depth of blind holes. It is also best to make a machine where you can change the rotation speed of the chuck depending on the tasks being performed.

The desktop should be made exclusively from a solid metal plate, rigidly fixed to the base.

The video below shows a homemade drilling unit, with which you can drill printed circuit boards and more.

Principle of operation

A drilling machine assembled according to all the rules will be able to successfully drill holes of various diameters, including micro ones, with great accuracy, which is especially important for printed circuit boards.

Despite its apparent simplicity, it must be operated in compliance with generally accepted rules.

So, immediately before starting work, you need to check the presence of power in the network, the integrity of all equipment, and also clear the desktop of all unnecessary things.

There must be a vice on the table itself, with which you can conveniently fix the workpiece.

Before starting work on the part, it is necessary to mark the future hole in accordance with the drawing, then place it in a vice on the table and clamp it firmly.

Next, a drill is fixed into the chuck and a test run is made. Homemade vice for a drilling machine, which are used during work, must have certain dimensions, including in order to work with micro holes.

When testing the machine, it is necessary to check the rotation of the drill and make sure that it rotates without describing a circle.

This is especially true when drilling micro holes. At the time of drilling, the handle should be operated with smooth movements, and the drill must be periodically cooled.

Drilling micro holes should be done with extreme precision, for which use coordinate indicators.

Upon completion of work, the drilling machine should be turned off, unclench the vice and remove the finished workpiece. The video above shows the principle of operation of the machine.

How to assemble?

The easiest option to assemble an additive drilling machine without a steering rack is to use an ordinary drill.

In this case, it is necessary to make the table massive in order to minimize vibration of the machine during operation. The stand for the drill can be made from either chipboard or metal corners.

First, you need to connect the stand and table to each other at right angles, and the drill should be secured with clamps. A driving mechanism should also be provided.

A vise must be attached directly to the table; in addition, the on and off button must be in a visible place. In the video below you can see the manufacture of a machine from a drill without a steering rack.

Collect more complex and functional machine with a steering rack for drilling can be done from the engine from washing machine. This device will also allow you to verify micro holes with great accuracy.

In this case, the desktop should be even more massive, since the vibration during operation will be quite strong.

Particular attention should be paid to the moving part of the unit, and for these purposes it is better to use ready-made drawings. It is recommended to connect the motor to the cartridge using a belt drive.

If all the steps are performed correctly, then such a machine will be able to drill even micro holes with great accuracy.

The video below shows a homemade machine powered by an engine washing machine, which will be very useful in your workshop.

Construction stores offer us a huge range of different drilling machines in all price categories.

However, the cost is really quality model It hits your pocket hard, and there is no point in purchasing a cheap drilling machine from consumer Chinese manufacturers, the service life of which is ridiculous.

It's much easier to buy a good one electric drill, and independently make a hand-made desktop homemade drilling machine based on it, which will fully meet all your requirements.

The cost of a high-quality drill is much less than that of full-fledged drilling machines.

In addition, you can use an electric drill that is already on the farm, since the design of the machine allows for its quick dismantling, which allows you to use one drill both in stationary and manual mode.

1 Required tools and materials

A tabletop drilling machine from a drill can be made based on metal pipes, or based on wooden parts. We recommend that you give preference to the second option, since it is much less labor-intensive and does not require the use of either an angle grinder or a welding machine.

Wood a homemade machine is durable, which is more than enough for normal household use.

You can make such a machine yourself, based on a drill, by following all the recommendations described below, with your own hands within two hours, and it will serve you for many years.

In order to make a tabletop drilling machine with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

• wooden boards 2-2.5 centimeters thick;
• guide metal slats - 2 pieces (such slats are used for feeding drawers in tables and chests of drawers, they can be purchased at any furniture supermarket);
• wooden beam dimensions 20*30 mm - about two meters;
• wood screws 20 and 30 millimeters long;
• wood glue;
• electric drill;
• metal rod with M8 thread;
• metal tube with M6 class thread;
• screws and nuts.

The actual work is carried out using the following tools:

• screwdriver (Phillips or regular, depending on what screws you will use);
• drill;
• sandpaper;
• jigsaw and hacksaw;
• corner;
• pencil, ruler;
• level
• roulette
• carpentry clamps for fixing boards.

1.1 Creating a base for the frame

To create a basic base for a homemade drilling machine, use a hacksaw to cut a 20*30 wooden beam into four pieces, two of which are 17 centimeters long, and two more are 20 centimeters long.

If you want to create a homemade machine based on a massive electric drill, then it would be better to make a larger base, since increasing its size will give the structure greater stability.

Next, prepare a board with dimensions of 200*220*20 millimeters (dimensions are based on the above dimensions of the timber). Using self-tapping screws, connect the beam sections into one frame. To connect at each end of the beam, you need to use two self-tapping screws; if you are using a thicker beam, you can screw in a self-tapping screw at each end corner.

Place a board on top of the resulting frame. Screw it with self-tapping screws around the perimeter of the beam; 2-3 bolts on one side will be more than enough.

To make your work easier, it is recommended Drill preliminary holes in the boards, into which it is much easier to screw self-tapping screws than into a solid board. To avoid protrusions of screw heads above wooden surface You can use a larger diameter drill to chamfer under their heads.

1.2 Creating a column for guides

The width of the board for the column must correspond to the width of the created base, the thickness is 20 mm, and the height is determined depending on the size of the drill used, as a rule, a height of 40-50 centimeters will be more than enough. An excessively high column can negatively affect the stability of the entire structure.

Once you have cut the board to the appropriate size, immediately attach it to the base using self-tapping screws. Next you need to arrange free space between the column itself and the electric drill, to do this, attach two pieces of timber, measuring 25*35*17 millimeters, in the center of the upper part of the column parallel to each other.

To avoid making a mistake with the installation location, make preliminary markings. Draw a straight line from the center point of the top of the column down, then step back 50 mm on each side and draw two lines parallel to each other. The distance between the lines should be 100 mm.

Pay close attention to so that the lines are strictly parallel to each other, so even the slightest angle of inclination of the trajectory along which the guides move risks the fact that the drill will not enter the surface being processed at a right angle, which is why when drilling hard metal surfaces, thin drills will break very quickly .

1.3 Installation of guides

Installing guides is perhaps the most difficult part of creating a drilling machine with your own hands. It is extremely important that the guides run exactly perpendicular to the base of the machine and parallel to each other.

Prepare two boards measuring 100*250*20 mm, and mark on them the places where the retractable slats will be attached. Retractable slats sold in furniture stores are already equipped with holes for self-tapping screws, so All you have to do is screw them to the guides with your own hands. After the slats are attached, we mount the guides on the column.

1.4 Creating mounts for a drill

We suggest you make a universal mount with your own hands, which is suitable for installing not only a mini-drill, but also a full-fledged electric drill. To do this, prepare a board with dimensions 60*100*20 for the upper holder, and 100*100*20 for the lower one.

Use a jigsaw to cut a hole in the center of the bottom board, the diameter of which is suitable for securely fixing your drill. Secure it to the guide using a furniture corner and self-tapping screws.

We also cut out the top holder using jigsaws. Its size and shape are individual and depend on what shape of drill you will use. We make holes around the perimeter of both clamps and screw in screws that will clamp and firmly fix the drill in the holder.

2 Making a height limiter

A height limiter is necessary so that a homemade drilling machine can make multiple holes of identical depth. Perfect for creating a limiter metal rod with M8 thread.

Drill a hole in the base in which the rod will be installed (it should be tightly fixed in the base, but at the same time rotate freely).

Next, we cut out a small piece of timber, drill a hole in it and install a threaded sleeve on one side, and a piece of rod that will limit the amplitude of movement of the guides on the other. We screw the beam onto the main rod.

For manual tabletop drilling the machine was more convenient to use, You need to make a handle on the restrictive rod.

This can be an ordinary homemade plywood stop, which is fixedly fixed between two nuts.

2.1 Making a homemade drilling machine (video)

In order to save time, you can buy a ready-made inexpensive stand and vice for a drill in the OBI.RU store, which allows you to fix the drill in a vertical position and use it as a drilling machine, thereby increasing the accuracy and speed of work.

Characteristics:

• height: 400 mm;
• clamping hole diameter: 43 mm;
• drilling depth: 60 mm;
• The set includes a vice for fixing workpieces.

A self-made drilling machine allows you to drill holes in different materials at a sufficient quality level at home.

1 Homemade drilling machine - who needs it and why?

Drilling in the extensive list of all kinds of plumbing operations is considered among specialists to be the most accessible and truly simple procedure. It is usually performed on special drilling units, which can have different functionality and some design features. The modern machine tool industry produces many types of drilling machines, ranging from very simple ones (for example) to CNC units that have several spindles.

It is clear that in most cases the home craftsman simply does not need such machines, since they are intended for performing serial operations. And in everyday life it is usually necessary to carry out some single procedure.

It is for this reason that many home craftsmen decide to make a basic drilling machine with their own hands, using those parts and available materials that are available in any private garage.

As a rule, radio amateurs, as well as people who themselves perform simple household tasks, “light up” with the idea of ​​​​making a homemade mini-installation for drilling. renovation work. In some cases, a simple electric drill is sufficient for this. But if we're talking about Regarding more serious procedures, the drill, of course, is not able to guarantee normal quality and accuracy of drilling. That’s when it makes sense to start making your own mini-machine, on which you can install different ones.

2 How to make a drilling machine from a drill?

In home workshops, such drilling equipment is most often found due to its simplicity. self-made. You will not need high strength materials or any special devices. The mini hole drilling machine includes just four key components:

• a bed that serves as the base of the machine;
• rotation mechanism (in our case, its role is played by an electric drill);
• feeder;
• vertical stand.

The stand is usually made of ordinary chipboard or boards, since the small weight of the drill does not require the use of more durable materials. But it is better to make the bed as massive as possible. This will ensure the absence of vibrations during the drilling process, and therefore more comfortable work.

Craftsmen advise using a relatively thick (from 2 centimeters) furniture board for the base of the unit. The ideal option is to use an old photographic enlarger for the manufacture of the frame and stand. It will only need to be modified a little to really get reliable design mini-machine for household use.

The quality and accuracy of drilling on a homemade unit depends on the correct connection of the frame and the vertical stand. Therefore, this part of the work must be approached as responsibly as possible. It is recommended to cut two guides from steel strips, which are then connected to the stand with screws. The block with the drill will move along the indicated guides.

The block itself must be made so that it securely holds the electric drill. This is easy to achieve using small steel clamps. It is also advisable to place a small rubber spacer between the block and the drill. It will significantly reduce vibration and make the installation process more comfortable.

The feed mechanism of a drilling machine from a drill is a simple lever that will move the block with the tool in the vertical direction. This mechanism It is advisable to provide a spring with relatively high elasticity and power. One end of the spring should rest against a stationary wooden beam mounted on the stand, the other - against the block.

If you want to achieve maximum convenience in working with a homemade machine and do not plan to periodically remove the electric drill, it is recommended that you simply disassemble its switch and mount a separate button on the frame, with which you will start and turn off your drilling unit. As you can see, everything is quite simple. Any more or less handy man can make himself a small and convenient machine from a drill.

3 DIY drilling machine based on an asynchronous motor

Any owner in the garage, basement or somewhere on the balcony of the apartment stores many electric motors from electrical units that have served their useful life. From these, it is quite possible to choose a motor that will become the propulsion device for a mini-drilling machine. Ideal option in this case, an asynchronous type motor mounted on drum washing units is recognized.

Work on creating a home drilling machine using an old electric motor is much more difficult than using a drill. But they can also be accomplished, armed with a certain amount of patience and perseverance. It is important to realize here that the motor from the washing machine has more serious weight. And the power of such a “motor” is much higher than that of an electric drill. This means that you will have to take care of preparing a “mighty” stand and base for the machine being created.

Experts say that the vibration level of a unit based on an asynchronous motor can be reduced by installing it on a powerful base, as well as by placing it closer to a vertical stand. But it is necessary to remember that the close location of the rack and the motor can complicate the design homemade machine, which is caused by the need to install belt pulleys.

To make a drilling rig using an electric motor from a washing machine, among other things, you will need the following parts:

• gear;
• bearings in the amount of two pieces;
• hexagon;
• two tubes of small thickness (one of them must have an internal thread);
• clamping ring (preferably made of durable material, such as tool steel).

A hexagon is required to make the moving part of the machine transmission device. A pulley will be put on it. You also need to attach a metal tube with a bearing and a steel ring to the hexagon. It is important to achieve a very tight connection of these components with each other, since otherwise they will completely collapse during vibration (not immediately, but quite quickly).

The adjustment complex of the unit is made of a gear and a tube on which cuts need to be made. They contain gear teeth. The specified tube is made of such a height that the drill chuck rises by a given amount. An axle with a hexagon is then pressed into the same tube.

From the described diagram it is clear that it is quite difficult to manufacture a machine with an asynchronous motor. Therefore, we can advise doing it by analogy with the previous process, when an electric drill was used. But be prepared for the fact that the resulting machine, unfortunately, will not be characterized by particularly accurate drilling.

Every craftsman knows that to make a hole you need a special tool - a drill. Nowadays no home can do without this tool. Craftsmen who work with wood or stone constantly need to use a drill.

The most difficult thing in such cases is to make many holes accurately and evenly. On large factories There are special drilling machines for the manufacture of such products.

For a craftsman at home, such a huge device is of no use, so most often people make their own drilling machines.

In size, such a machine is much smaller and more compact than the factory one. It can easily be placed in a small garage or workshop. We will now look at how to make and design a drilling machine with our own hands.

What is needed to make a machine

This tool is indispensable for those who constantly work with plastic, metal, stone or wood. When drilling, they can make many holes with great accuracy, and also make wooden blanks, cutting them in the right places. In addition, it is very easy to change the height of the device and adjust the angle of inclination.

In order to manufacture the necessary machine, first of all drawings are made. The second stage will be the selection and purchase of materials. Well, after purchasing, you can start collecting the desired tool.

However, before drawing up a drawing, choose what your machine will look like. There are many models of homemade drilling machines, so it is important to choose the one that suits you best.

Types of do-it-yourself drilling machines

There are different types of drill presses made at home. They differ in: material of manufacture, structure, size.

And home craftsmen never stop coming up with new designs and selecting sizes for drilling machines. After all, not everyone makes machines according to ready-made drawings.

Here are some of the most popular drill press designs:

Wireless machine made of wood. This design is well suited for portable drilling of large items. Since the operation of the drill in such a machine is provided by the battery, it is necessary to make a special wooden box. The machine drawing is adjusted independently to the dimensions of the built-in drill.

Mini drilling machine. Making such a tool will not take much effort and time. This design is considered the most economical and does not require large quantity materials. The model is designed depending on the size and shape of the drill; the drill itself can be secured with ordinary rubber bands or cable ties.

Machine from plastic pipes. This option is good for those who have pipe scraps left after plumbing repairs. Otherwise, this option is very economical, since PVC pipes are cheaper than metal or wood. It’s not that difficult to make, the main thing is to maintain the proportions and dimensions.

These machines are easy to assemble, inexpensive and very convenient. But still, most often craftsmen prefer a more classic version. We'll look at what's required to assemble it below.

Materials and tools for assembly

Before starting work, first of all, you need to draw up a drawing of the drilling machine with your own hands. After this, the stage of preparation for work begins. At this stage the purchase takes place necessary materials and choosing a tool for the job.

The choice of tool is important, so when assembling a classic machine you will need the following:

• Circular saw or machine.
• Electric jigsaw.
• Grinder with grinding attachment.
• Drill.
• Grinding machine.
• Hand tools as needed.

After the tool is ready, we proceed to the selection of material and blanks. Here are the parts needed for manufacturing:

• A sheet of plywood, at least 15 mm thick.
• Docks for the hull.
• Roller guides.
• Fasteners
• Sleeve.
• Making a vice for a drilling machine with your own hands

The drilling machine itself consists of several important elements. These are elements such as the base, the working surface, the mount of the drill itself, the drill and the handle mechanism.

The working surface is intended for the drilling process and for fastening all other parts. The handle is made with a spring mechanism and allows you to easily lower the drill when drilling. Using these instructions, you can easily select parts for your future machine.

Photo of a do-it-yourself drilling machine

For a skilled person, nothing is impossible. And if desired, a talented enthusiast is able to make anything. Today we will talk about how to assemble a drilling machine with your own hands, since this topic is more than relevant.

Buying a factory model, even if we are talking about used equipment, requires considerable expenses family budget. We will tell you how to assemble a metal drilling machine from available materials with minimal investment.

Today there are 2 proven designs that are easy to assemble in a “garage” environment.

This is a machine based on an electric drill and a unit based on a conventional asynchronous motor from a household appliance. Let's consider each of the options in turn.

We will take an ordinary electric drill as the basis for our future machine.

This tool is lightweight. This suggests that we do not have to use structures made of durable metals. Ordinary wooden boards or even chipboard are quite suitable for our purposes.

A homemade metal drilling machine based on a drill consists of four main components, such as a bed, a vertical stand, an electric drill and a feed mechanism. The choice of the base of the machine (bed) is a very important moment, since the intensity of vibrations during operation will depend on the strength and massiveness of this structure.

This is very important, since a massive bed will improve the quality of workpiece processing.

What can be used as a base for the machine? If you have a Soviet photographic enlarger at home that was used to develop photographs, you are in luck.

After some manipulations, it can be easily turned into a full-fledged base for a homemade drilling machine. If you couldn’t find a photo enlarger even on the used equipment market, you can replace this element with an ordinary design made from 20 mm furniture board. It will provide sufficient rigidity for precise work.

When fixing the frame to the stand, it is very important that a perfectly right angle is maintained between them.

This will increase drilling accuracy.

On the rack you need to fix two guides, which can be made from ordinary metal strips. The guides will move the block with the drill fixed on it using clamps. For additional vibration isolation of the tool, it makes sense to put a rubber gasket between the electric drill and the block.

Vertical movement of the block must be carried out using a lever.

In order not to experience discomfort during drilling, it makes sense to equip the feed mechanism with a spring capable of returning the tool to its original position.

The spring must be fixed on one side to the block, and on the other to a fixed beam.

If you do not plan to use an electric drill autonomously, you can take care of the ergonomics of your homemade metal drilling machine. To do this, disassemble the drill switch and install the start button in a location convenient for you.

That's all, actually.

If you follow the above algorithm, assembling a drilling machine with your own hands will not be a problem for you.

Homemade machine based on an asynchronous motor

If you search carefully - in household You'll likely find a wide variety of electric motors from household appliances. The best choice for a metal drilling machine - an asynchronous motor, which is used in drum washing machines.

Be prepared for the fact that assembling such a machine will be somewhat more difficult.

First of all, you will need a more massive stand that will absorb significant vibrations from the washing machine motor. To reduce them to a minimum, you need to install the motor closer to the rack and provide a reliable frame.

But keep in mind that the close location of the motor relative to the rack complicates the design, since it will be necessary to mount a pulley with a transmission. When assembling such a unit, adjust all parts and components as accurately as possible.

The performance characteristics of the machine will directly depend on this.

To assemble the pulleys we will need a gear, a hexagon, a metal ring for clamping, 2 bearings and 2 pieces of pipe, one of which is with internal thread. The movable structure is made of a hexagon, a tube, a ring, bearings and a threaded tube where the cartridge will be fixed.

The hexagon acts as a transmission element onto which the pulley is placed.

To be sure of the reliability of the connection with the hexagon, it makes sense to make cuts at the ends of the tube onto which the ring and bearings are placed.

Make sure that all parts of our structure are fixed as securely as possible to avoid destruction due to vibration.

Now we begin to create the control system of our unit.

Do-it-yourself desktop drilling machine: diagrams and drawings

To do this, we use a pipe with cuts and a gear, the teeth of which should easily penetrate into the cuts we made. To make them as accurate as possible, first apply plasticine to the pipe and run the gear along it. Please note that the ladder pipe must have a height corresponding to the lifting height of the cartridge. The axle with a hexagon must be pressed into a pipe with pre-made slots.

As you understand, the design described above is not easy to manufacture, and not every master is able to bring such a “project” to completion.

If you are not sure that you have the skills to assemble such a drilling machine, give preference to the first design based on an electric drill.

conclusions

We have given two of the most successful examples making drilling machines with your own hands.

Since the information presented is general character, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the drawings of such equipment in more detail in order to avoid inaccuracies and various types of errors during the manufacture of the unit.

Practice shows that experienced master easily cope with an ambitious task, such as creating a metal drilling machine on your own.

All that remains is to wish you good luck.

Types of drilling machines and their purpose

TO category:

Drilling metal

Types of drilling machines and their purpose

Drilling is understood as a method of shaping internal cylindrical surfaces in solid workpiece material using a drill.

Drilling is the only technological cutting method that allows you to obtain holes in a continuous layer of workpiece material. Drilling machines also process holes that already exist in workpieces in order to obtain the desired shape, size and roughness of such holes.

Processing on drilling machines is carried out with multi-blade cutting tools, which ensures high productivity.

Drilling machines are divided into the following types: vertical drilling; radial drilling; for deep drilling; central and multi-spindle.

In the tool shops of machine-building enterprises, vertical and radial drilling machines, which are universal, are most common.

One of the most important technical characteristics drilling machine is the largest nominal diameter drilling, equal to the maximum diameter of the hole that can be drilled on this machine, using a standard twist drill, in a solid steel workpiece with a tensile strength = 500-600 MPa.

For vertical drilling machines with a column, this diameter is 18-75 mm, and for tabletop drilling machines - up to 12 mm.

1, a shows a vertical drilling machine with an aggregate layout. A hollow column is installed on its foundation slab.

The table on which the workpiece is placed is moved along its vertical guides manually (with handwheel 2). The spindle is mounted in the drilling head and is subjected to rotational and vertical linear translational motion. The latter is done manually (flywheel 5) or automatically.

Installed in the spindle cutting tool. The drilling head contains drive mechanisms for the rotational and translational motion of the spindle, an electric motor and machine control mechanisms. The drilling head can be moved manually along the vertical guides of the column. The required relative position of the drilling head and table is established (taking into account the size of the workpiece) before processing begins, after which this position is fixed.

Inside the column there is a counterweight that balances the drilling head.

Do-it-yourself drilling machine from a drill

1. General form vertical drilling (a) and radial drilling (b) machines

In order to begin processing each subsequent hole, the workpiece is reinstalled on the table so that the axis of the tool coincides with the axis of the hole being machined. Therefore, processing large-sized heavy workpieces with vertical drilling machines a large number holes is associated with significant labor and time costs.

To avoid these costs, when processing heavy and complex workpieces, it is advisable to use radial drilling machines (nominal drilling diameter up to 100 mm), which ensure accurate and fast movement of the tool relative to a stationary workpiece and its installation in the required location.

A radial drilling machine consists of a base plate on which a stand with a fixed column is installed. It is fitted with a sleeve that can rotate 360° relative to the column.

Along the sleeve, as if along a guide, the sleeve moves (using a special drive) in the vertical direction, along the horizontal guides of which the drilling head moves.

Speed ​​and feed boxes and a spindle assembly are mounted inside the head, and machine controls are located on the front panel of the head. The spindle can rotate around its axis and move in the vertical direction. The workpiece is placed on table 8 or directly on the foundation slab.

Before processing begins, the sleeve, sleeve and drilling head are moved so as to set the tool in the required position relative to the workpiece.

In this position, these units are fixed using appropriate mechanisms located in the lower part of the sleeve, above the cabinet and in the drilling head. Then the spindle is rotated, its vertical feed is turned on, and processing is performed.

Kinematic diagram of a vertical drilling machine

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How to assemble homemade drilling machines?

IN modern production the use of various machines has become so popular that now not a single decent workshop can do without this equipment.

Indeed, the machine allows a person to engage in such work that he can complete on his own, if he can, then with a huge investment of time.

This applies to the processing of metals, wood and other dense materials, which are quite difficult to use without specialized equipment.

Another big advantage of the machines is that their manufacture is not complicated.

Homemade drilling machine from a finished drill

If desired, a person with basic mechanical skills can assemble a homemade drilling machine in a couple of days.

It is the assembly of homemade drilling machines that will now be discussed in this article.

Features and purpose

Machine tools are used extremely widely in industry.

In fact, it was their invention that became a real revolution in the world of industrialists who wanted to quickly increase production rates.

Indeed, the presence of machines in production is a real benefit. A high-quality drilling and grooving unit is capable of performing work with amazing accuracy, while reducing the requirements for the initial skills of the person who uses it in the work.

This phenomenon can be explained very easily.

Let's imagine that you need to create a metal plate with ten holes on it.

The holes must be different diameters. From the smallest to the largest. The plate has a thickness of 3-5 mm. That is, to work on metal you will have to use a fairly powerful drill.

Note that large drills are used with large tools; such drills are usually quite heavy.

It will be difficult for an unprepared person to even hold them in their hands. Not to mention performing more or less lengthy work.

Plus, you should understand that filigree precision will be required of you, because this part is just part of a larger mechanism.

One small mistake, and the entire structure can become completely unusable. This is especially true for machines for drilling printed circuit boards.

When processing boards, the accuracy of their marking is determined by tenths of a millimeter.

If you give a person everything necessary equipment, then even with experience he will tinker with the plate for no less than a couple of hours.

When drilling boards, this time investment can double.

And this is only if you have work experience and relevant skills.

If it is not there, then preparing just one plate can, without exaggeration, take a whole day.

Homemade machine High Quality assemblies

If you use a machine, the operating time is reduced several times. All the necessary tools are already fixed on it.

The drill is stabilized and clearly guided.

All you need to do is install the plate correctly on coordinate table, start the engine and drill a hole. Then change the position of the part and continue working using the same technology. As you can see for yourself, production productivity is reaching a whole new level.

Machine components

Now let's turn directly to the components of the machine. After all, if you are interested in the question of how to make a drilling machine, then first of all you need to understand the parts that will be used when assembling it.

Fortunately, a homemade drill press consists of a few basic parts.

Their quality determines the quality of the device itself, but everything here depends on many factors.

So, the drilling machine consists of:

• Beds or bases;
• Fastening strip or frame;
• Mechanism for adjusting the position of the device;
• Fastenings for the working mechanism;
• A motor or mechanism that directly performs drilling;
• Adapters, collets and other similar materials;
• All kinds of handles, stabilizing legs and other additional parts that are used to improve the design of the device.

It's worth noting that it makes little difference whether you're looking at a PCB processing machine or a standard stationary sample.

You will, of course, use different parts to assemble your homemade drilling machine, but the overall design will remain the same.

The difference will only be in specific details and their dimensions.

Using an old table as a machine bed

For example, a homemade desktop unit for drilling circuit boards for electronics will be mounted on a shallow frame. In most cases, you don't even need a cabinet. It will be enough to take a large, heavy rail, which in its weight will be at least half of the structure of the device.

Also, when developing boards, you will need a much simpler and smaller motor, since drilling boards requires more detailed work, where power is not a priority.

Selection of parts for assembly

First of all, always pay attention to the bed or base.

The base for an impressive machine must be very strong and stable. For such purposes it is necessary to use a table with good supports, special stands, etc. Even a cabinet will do required sizes and dimensions, but it’s up to you to decide.

If we are considering a desktop sample, then the table here will act as the first base on which the machine itself is already installed.

Do-it-yourself drilling machines from a drill (drawings, video)

In this case, the frame can be made from a metal plate or something similar.

Interestingly, some craftsmen manage to assemble a table or machine bed even from ancient parts of a photographic enlarger. That is, you can use a wide variety of details in your work.

The main thing is that the table or stand on which the device is mounted is extremely stable and does not vibrate during operation.

You can make the mounting frame yourself.

The same applies to the fastening for the working mechanism. Here you can use a metal corner with drilled holes or something similar.

The corner is attached to the table with screws or welded to the frame. They install it there lifting mechanism. It is made from an old jack, shock-absorbing pipes, sliding rails and other similar mechanisms.

The engine will need to be quite powerful to operate, so you will have to go through several options.

Moreover, the table and base of the machine must easily support its weight and dampen vibrations during operation.

Benchtop drilling machine with spring shock absorbers

An asynchronous motor from a washing machine or something similar would work well.

You can use the engine from the drill or the drill itself.

Scheme of creating a machine

If we consider only the simplest models of equipment that can be quickly assembled with your own hands. It is best suited for these purposes standard scheme assembly of drilling equipment.

However, we note right away that there are two main technologies for its assembly.

The first is simpler, it involves using a ready-made drill, which is simply screwed to the mounts.

The second one is quite difficult option, and it consists of assembling a machine from a separate engine, collets, guides, etc.

1. We assemble the table and base for the machine, and fix the frame.
2. We install the main stabilizing frame.
3. We connect the mount for the engine.
4. We are in the process of installing a lifting mechanism.
5. If necessary, we install springs and shock absorbers.
6. We mount the working element of the machine.
7. We connect all the contacts and install the drill.

When assembling a machine from a finished drill, your work will be easier.

All you have to do is create a strong frame with the ability to lift and lower drilling mechanism, to which the drill will then be connected.

There is no need to tinker with power supplies and engine assembly here. You just need to securely secure the tool and connect it to electricity.

Assembly of the engine already involves the installation of a power supply, a converter and, if the engine has indirect transmission of forces, mechanisms that transmit them.

Therefore, to prepare the second option you will have to spend more time, effort and energy.

And certain engineering skills will also not be superfluous.

Homemade drilling machine from a regular drill (video)

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DIY homemade drilling machine

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