IN modern apartment the water heater has become an indispensable part engineering communications. He is especially remembered good word when the hot water is turned off. However, many are scared by the question of connecting a water heater with their own hands. Actually connect storage water heater living in an apartment is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance.

Let's see how to connect a storage water heater with your own hands in practice. At the same time, we will connect it in such a way that it can serve several water points. But first let's look at standard scheme connecting the water heater and functional features its components.

Water heater connection diagram

The standard connection diagram for a storage water heater is shown in the figure below. The configuration of the connection diagram is determined both by the operating characteristics of the water heater itself and by the need to temporarily turn it off and drain the water.

Fig.1.

You should pay attention to the following components of the circuit - these are valve No. 1, 2, 3 and a check valve.

Check valve prevents hot water from draining through the pipe cold water. The principle of operation of a storage water heater is that under the pressure of cold water hot water is squeezed out of the tank. Structurally, this is organized in such a way that cold water is supplied from the bottom of the tank, and hot water is taken from the top. Without a check valve, hot water will flow into the cold water supply.

It would seem that this is impossible, but this is only at first glance. This situation occurs quite often in the absence of a check valve and at the same time the cold and hot water supply is turned off. In this case, when opening the tap with hot water Air leaks occur, and water from the tank goes into the cold water supply system.

Tap No. 1 and Tap No. 2 always work in pairs, they are necessary to isolate the storage water heater from the water supply system. These valves are in the open position when the water heater is connected, and closed when it is turned off. Thanks to these taps, you can turn off the storage water heater not only when the hot water supply is restored, but also to remove it, for example, for repairs.

Crane No. 3 necessary to turn off the hot water supply. It is just as important as the rest of the circuit components. If you do not turn off this tap while using the storage water heater, your neighbors can use your hot water. This happens because the hot water from the water heater is connected to the central hot water supply system, and all the water will go into the common system.

Installation of a storage water heater

The installation of a water heater begins with determining the location where it will be located. At this stage, several requirements must be met.

• It is advisable to install a storage water heater near hot and cold water risers, this will make it easier to turn it on and off.
• The water heater should be installed at such a height that it is convenient to set the required temperature, i.e. The heater automation unit must be within reach.
• Next to the storage water heater there should be electric outlet. In this case, the electrical outlet must be located at a distance of at least 1 m from the bathtub or washbasin.
• A storage water heater is electrical appliance high power and potentially dangerous. Therefore, it is advisable to provide a separate electrical line for the storage water heater. To connect water heaters with a power of up to 3 kW to the electrical network, a wire with a cross-section of 2.5 mm is used. In addition, an RCD (short circuit protection device) is installed on this line if this device has not been installed previously or the water heater does not have its own RCD.
• To connect a storage water heater, it is necessary to provide two outlets for cold and hot water in the apartment’s water supply system.

Fig.2.

If all of the above conditions are met, then to connect the storage water heater you need to do the following work.

• Purchase 2 hoses and 2 ball valves.
• Mount the water heater on the wall using the fasteners that usually come with the water heater.
• Install a check valve on the cold water supply pipe to the water heater.
• Install ball valves on the bends.
• Using hoses, connect the water heater to the outlets of the water supply system.

In practice, when installing a storage water heater, two difficulties are often encountered: lack of space for installation and the lack of outlets for connecting the water heater in the apartment’s water supply system. These two issues can be resolved quite simply.

A storage water heater, in principle, can be installed anywhere. Often heaters with a volume of up to 50 liters can be easily mounted under the sink. Of course, servicing it will not be very convenient, but this solves the problem of lack of space.

Fig.3.

The water heater can be connected not only to stationary outlets, but also to the installation sites of mixers. To do this, it is necessary to install tees and run branches from them to the water heater. Such bends can be made from metal-plastic pipes. You can do it even simpler, use long hoses.

Turning on/off the storage water heater

The initial parameters are valve No. 1 and No. 2 in the closed position, valve No. 3 in the open position. To turn on the water heater, it is necessary to move valve No. 1 and No. 2 to the open position, and valve No. 3 to the closed position. To turn off the water heater, do the opposite.

How to drain water from a water heater

In order to drain water from the water heater, you must perform the following steps.

• Close tap No. 1 and No. 2.
• Remove the check valve and put a hose on the heater inlet for easy draining.
• Disconnect the pipe or hose from the hot water connection on the water heater.
• After that, the water will drain under the influence of gravity through a hose connected to the cold water pipe on the water heater.

PHOTO of water heater connection

Now a few photos of how the water heater is actually connected. It should be said that connecting a storage water heater should begin with determining its installation location. In this example, the water heater is installed above the bathtub, and the entire pipeline is mounted under the bathtub and in a box covering the sewer pipes. This was done because the water heater was connected after laying the tiles. It turned out not very aesthetically pleasing. Therefore, the connection of the water heater must be planned at the stage of laying water pipes.

Fig.4.

The photo shows the supply of hot and cold water to the storage water heater and the installed check valve. I want to draw your attention. That winding should be done only together with the connections of the check valve and the cold water pipe. With this method of connecting with hoses, there is no need to rewind. In this case, it was a necessary measure, because The hoses turned out to be of poor quality. The pressure release handle is wrapped with electrical tape because... cracked over time.

Fig.5.

The photo shows taps No. 1 and No. 2; they are led directly to the water heater for ease of turning on and off.

Fig.6.

Here is the entire system assembled.

Fig.7.

Fig.8.

Shown here is a plumbing connection. The middle pipe is the hot water supply. It is covered in the photo. The top pipe is the water supply from the water heater to the system. The far right one goes from the water heater, the middle one goes to the faucet in the bathroom and the left one goes to the rest of the system.

Fig.9.

Living in a house without hot water cannot be called comfortable. Water is needed literally every minute for a variety of purposes. Therefore, the connection of a storage or instantaneous water heater is planned in advance and is carried out as planned even at the execution stage finishing works. In an existing house, the connection is usually combined with repairs to the premises. Before you begin this work, you need to decide what type of water heater will be optimal for installation in your home.

For a family of more than three people, a flow-through unit is sufficient. But only if the house is not the object of periodic visits.

And with a larger family, as well as with the possibility of guests arriving, it is necessary to organize the possibility of using hot water for several water points at the same time.

This becomes available only when connecting a storage water heater with a capacity of at least 100 liters, and the connection diagram itself will depend on its type and design.

Let's look at the types of storage heaters

Such devices can be of several types, and their place in the water supply network depends on the design and operating principle of the device itself.

Indirect storage water heater

Heaters indirect heating operate from coolant from the heating network, which passes through the tank along a spiral heating element. It is made in most cases from copper, which has high thermal conductivity.

The coolant at this moment has its maximum temperature, since it enters this circuit directly from the boiler. The water temperature in such a water heater in most cases does not exceed 80 degrees. During intensive use of hot water, it can be reduced at the time of pumping to replenish the level in the boiler.

The peculiarity of the operating conditions is that the heating process is not carried out in a continuous mode. This means that water is not heated during the inter-heating period. But it is possible to isolate the boiler circuit in a private house into a separate network and heat it at this time at the minimum operating mode of the boiler.

In addition, in any heating system, it is advisable to install a backup heating unit on alternative form fuel. Usually this is a lower power boiler.

It can be switched to a water heater via a separate circuit. Water supply and heating system at the same time, it becomes somewhat more complicated, but not so much that connecting the water heater with your own hands becomes impossible.

Storage type heaters

In these types of boilers, water is heated direct influence of electric thermal electric heaters (TEH) to the heated environment. Depending on the capacity of the tank, several heating elements can be used, one of which is connected periodically when the temperature in the vessel drops, which is done automatically.

Installation diagram of a storage water heater - we will determine the best place to place it, what tools and materials we will need

The choice of location for the water heater depends on its type. Floor-standing devices have significant dimensions and require a lot of room space. Moreover, there must be enough space around the unit for maintenance and repair.

Therefore, such devices are purchased only if there is a large room to accommodate it. Installing a water heater is not difficult and is described in detail in the corresponding section of the operating instructions.

In addition to the combination of these conditions, it is necessary that its location be as close as possible to the points of hot water consumption, which will reduce heat losses when passing through pipes.

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When installing the boiler, you must perform the following operations:

The installation of the pipeline is simplified due to the maximum proximity of the unit to the point of water consumption.

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Connection diagram for instantaneous water heater

Such thermal devices are structurally somewhat simpler than storage units. The water in them heats up when passing through a small enclosed space in which it is located. a heating element. Obviously, the process occurs in a very short time, which requires powerful heating elements.

Device feature flow type is the ability to use the device for only one point. There are designs that allow you to power several objects at the same time, but they are quite expensive and have significant power consumption.

Of course, you can install instantaneous water heaters at several locations. But even in this case, they can only be used one at a time, otherwise the electrical network may not be able to withstand significant overloads. We can conclude that such a device is applicable only for a small family consisting of two or three people.

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The easiest way to connect to a water supply is provided for a flow-through heater in the form of a tap.

There are many designs of such devices and they have their own individual characteristics. Therefore, when purchasing a heater, you must carefully read the installation rules and follow them scrupulously.

Wall-mounted and other wall-hung options for instantaneous water heaters can be connected to the water supply using a standard flexible tube.

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Connecting the water heater to the electrical network

There is an opinion among consumers that connecting a water heater to the power supply involves plugging the plug into an outlet. However, you need to take into account that exactly in this device there is direct contact between water and electricity. What can give rise to circumstances leading to a person’s defeat? electric shock.

There are several circumstances that you should pay attention to:

• selection of the cross-section of the electrical cable, which is determined by the power consumption of the water heater;
• selection circuit breaker for the boiler power supply network;
• selection of socket, if used.
• grounding

When connecting a boiler with a power of 3.5 kW or more, a three-core wire with a cross-section of 3 mm 2 should be used.

Connecting the boiler via a socket requires installation of an IP44 class product. These are waterproof devices designed specifically for installation in rooms with high humidity.

The machine for connecting the boiler should be selected based on the power consumed by the device. You can be guided by the following considerations:

• for devices with a power of up to 2 kW, you can use a 9-amp machine;
• for devices consuming up to 3.5 kW, a 16 A automatic machine is suitable;
• for more powerful units, a device up to 25 A should be used.

If the boiler power is more than 3.5 kW, it must be connected not through an outlet, but only directly.

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How to work with different types of pipelines

Not so long ago, the question of what to make a water supply from practically did not exist. Always been for this metal pipes of various types.

And for faster, high-quality installation, additional parts were used - fittings for connecting various elements pipeline into a single workable system. They have always been divided into threaded and welded.

Installation of metal pipeline systems

Metal water supply networks can be made of two main materials - steel or copper. Cases of installation from other types can be considered exotic.

The main connection method for steel pipes is threaded and welded. To eliminate the use of thread-cutting tools, in some cases welded threaded ends are used. Basic assembly, including for pipelines complex configurations, is produced using fittings.

This type of connection in pipelines, such as flange, is practically not used for heating and hot water supply systems in country houses and apartments.

If it is necessary to make bends, it must be taken into account that its minimum radius for steel pipes is 2.5 times the pipe diameter. For bending at home, you can use manual mechanical or hydraulic pipe benders.

Copper pipes are mounted in the same way as steel ones. The difference lies in the connection method. Copper parts are mounted by soldering.

In this case, the ends of the pipes are often flared to ensure a reliable connection. This technological operation is possible due to the high ductility of the metal.

Connection using threaded fittings is also used. In this case, flaring of the ends is also used, but it is done at an angle of about 45 degrees.

The advantage of copper water pipes is:

1. Resistance to hydraulic shocks;
2. No lime deposits on inner surface pipe walls.
3. Durability – service life is up to 50 years.

The disadvantages include the high cost of materials.

Installation of polypropylene pipelines

Polypropylene like alternative material for installation of plumbing and heating, appeared several decades ago and immediately became a popular substitute metal pipes. This became possible due to ease of installation, low weight, simplifying delivery, and long service life.

A special feature of the manufacturing material is its resistance to bending, so installation is carried out strictly along straight lines. Fittings made of the same material are used for connections.

Threaded fittings have also been developed and are used, the main application of which is to use them at the transition points from a metal pipeline to a polypropylene one, for example, when installing pipeline elements with metal casings. These can be taps, plugs, monitoring and control devices, and so on.

When using polypropylene as the main material in heating networks and hot water supply systems, it should be taken into account that Maximum temperature, which he tolerates without consequences, is no more than 90 degrees.

This is quite enough to heat any room. When using polypropylene pipes under extreme conditions in heating and hot water supply, their durability is about 20 years; in low-temperature water supply systems it can reach 50 years.

The connection of polypropylene pipeline elements is made by soldering. A special soldering iron is used for this.

For pipes various diameters The heating time in the soldering iron is from 5 to 10 seconds. It is necessary to hold the joint motionless when connecting for 15-20 seconds.

Soldering installation is carried out on a workbench, while individual network links are assembled and installed into the system “by hand”. This is less convenient and you need to use the services of an assistant.

This installation procedure excludes the installation of closed heating networks - if leaks occur, the wall will have to be destroyed.

Installation of metal-plastic systems

Application of aluminum layer in the wall water pipe for both cold and hot water, caused by the need to protect the metal parts of the system from oxidation.

Oxygen from the air is able to penetrate plastic in atomic form and dissolve in water. At the same time, it acquires aggressive properties and actively oxidizes the metal, promoting failure.

To protect against this, aluminum foil is used, which is applied to the workpiece along the adhesive layer. The material is applied in a spiral, the joint is welded with a laser.

A second one is applied on top of the foil. adhesive layer and an outer layer of plastic. This creates an obstacle to the penetration of aggressive substances, and the method is called oxygen protection.

The installation of metal-plastic pipes differs from that described above only in the need to strip the metal layer before soldering. For this purpose it is used special device.

Physical properties metal-plastic pipes allow the use of bends during the installation process. This allows you to create seamless sections of water supply, in which connections are made only at the exit from the channel, hidden in the wall or floor.

This method is widely used when installing heated floors and hidden water supply. For this reason, metal-plastic pipes are produced in coils up to 600 meters long.

Application of check valve

This mechanism belongs to the system safe operation. Its use on a pressure device is necessary.

When heated, the water in the boiler noticeably increases its volume, resulting in an increase in pressure in the vessel. The extreme manifestation of this process is its rupture. As a result, the room is filled with steam and hot water, which can cause significant harm to people.

When critical values ​​are reached, the valve installed on the boiler opens the spring damper to discharge water, which is discharged through the fitting. To dispose of it, a hose is installed on the fitting and connected to the nearest discharge into the sewerage water supply. It must be securely fastened, since the discharge can be carried out with great pressure. After dumping excess water spring valve closes.

Also on the valve there is a lever for releasing water, which can be used forcibly in manual mode.

Crimping

This term refers to a control test that confirms the performance of equipment and plumbing. When it is carried out in an apartment or private house, it is used special device, with the help of which water is pumped into the system and the pressure is increased manually. This is done in the following order:

1. The pressure tester is connected to a water supply line filled with water. The pressure rises to 4-5 atmospheres.
2. The system is inspected to identify leaks and eliminated as soon as they are identified.
3. A further increase in pressure to 10-12 atmospheres is carried out after their elimination.
4. In this state, the heater and pipelines to it are left for a day.

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The water heater is considered ready for operation if the maximum achieved pressure in the water supply does not change during the day.

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A domestic water heater can be used to equip apartments, country houses and cottages. It is quite possible to install the device yourself, having first read the relevant instructions.

Water heater installation sequence

What you need to do before connecting the water heater:

1. Choosing a suitable location. Before this, all parameters of the devices are measured in order to provide a certain margin on each side.
2. Decide how many water intake pipes are needed that go to the bathroom, kitchen, toilet, shower, etc. The number of taps directly affects the power of the device and the complexity of its installation.
3. Collect information about electrical wiring. It is necessary to collect cross-sectional data and maximum load cable, because Negligence in this matter can result in the most dire consequences. If you are not confident in your abilities, it is better to seek advice from an experienced electrician: he will be able to explain the connection procedure and decide what power device you need to purchase. If it turns out that the existing wiring is too weak, you will have to install a separate cable for the water heater.
4. Find out what quality of water should be in the system. It is advisable to supply filtered water to the boiler. If the water in the house contains various impurities, it is recommended to install a filter system: this will make it possible to preserve the working surfaces of the heating elements.
5. Decide on optimal types water heater. They can be flow-through or have storage system. Great importance The dimensions and manufacturer of the household appliance also vary.
6. Having decided on the model, you also need to select the type of device. Water heaters are wall-mounted, floor-mounted, vertical and horizontal.
7. Mounting the device. This needs to be done as firmly as possible. It is important that the boiler does not wobble when touched: any movement of it during heating is strictly prohibited due to safety precautions.
8. The water heating system must be completely sealed.
9. Submarine hoses must be maximum quality. For this, it is recommended to use steel, copper, plastic or metal-plastic products.
10. The first testing after connecting the boiler should be carried out only when the system is filled to the maximum with liquid.

Installation of a domestic water heater

When connecting a storage water heater, it is important not to make a mistake with the orientation of the device in space: it happens that they try to mount a vertical model horizontally, and vice versa.

Step-by-step instructions on how to properly connect a storage water heater:

• Conduct a preliminary inspection of the area where the installation will be carried out.
• IN small rooms there is usually little left free space for additional household appliances. In such a situation, it is best to connect the electric boiler to the water supply in a special niche or plumbing box.
• Devices with a volume of up to 200 l most often provide the possibility wall mount. More massive water heaters must be installed on the floor to avoid breakages.
• It is most convenient to install 50-100 liter boilers on a load-bearing wall, for which anchor bolts are suitable. Fastening of this type Water heaters are not included, so you will have to purchase them separately. No savings in this case are justified: it is recommended to fix the device with the maximum possible number of brackets (mounted models over 100 liters must be equipped with no less than two pairs of brackets).
• Installing a domestic water heater in hard to reach place, it is important to think in advance about how it will be maintained. Low-quality models often break down, and repairs in cramped spaces cause certain difficulties.
• It is mandatory to install a safety valve: it will protect the circuit from pressure surges and mechanical damage. It works very simply by removing excess water with increasing pressure.

The procedure for connecting an installed electric boiler

After the connection of the water heater is completed (all necessary communications have been connected), the following steps must be performed:

1. Turn off the hot water in the riser using the valve: this should be accompanied by a specific sound. If this is not done, the water treated in the boiler will be supplied to the public water supply.
2. Open the taps on the device. First, cold water opens, and after that, water flows from the heater.
3. Supply electricity to the boiler. Devices the latest models are able to start working independently if the water is supplied correctly.

It is advisable to refrain from dubious experiments and unscrewing valves not according to instructions: such actions can provoke premature failure of the device. It’s better to play it safe and invite an experienced plumber to start the electric household boiler than to deal with the consequences of mistakes later.

How to connect a storage water heater at the dacha

As a rule, in dachas you have to deal with very low pressure inside plumbing system, which eliminates the possibility of using classical schemes water heater installations. Exit from similar situation is a special container installed separately from the heater: boiler tanks are filled from it. It is impossible to use a check valve in such a scheme. It is important to select the volume of the additional container as accurately as possible: it should be several times greater than the volume of the tank(s) of the device. The container for creating pressure cannot be closed (vacuum), so holes must be made in it.

It is better if such a tank has a float valve to adjust the liquid level. A tap or valve is installed on the pipe from the tank to the water heater. Before connecting the water heater, the pressure tank is raised to attic space: it must be located above the boiler at a height of more than two meters. If the dacha or Vacation home will not be used in winter; the contents of the tank must be drained before the onset of frost.

Schemes for connecting boilers to the network

Water heaters are very dependent on quality electrical wires, therefore it is advisable to use copper electrical cables cross section from 2.5 mm. To ensure proper operation of the device, you will need a fuse or special protection. Any type of boiler must be equipped with an RCD (residual current device). For ease of switching, a three-phase moisture-resistant type socket with mandatory grounding is installed closer to the water heater. Only low-power models are allowed to be connected in this way. High power water heaters will heat up the outlet when operating. As a result, it will fail very quickly: this may be accompanied by sparking and even fire of plastic parts.

To avoid such troubles, it is recommended to connect the water heater with an individual cable the required section. It is switched directly to switch box, which eliminates the need for additional sockets and branches. This type of switching makes possible shutdown device only through a special machine, main task which is to ensure the protection and safe operation of the water heater.

If the device is not equipped with a fuse, it must be possible to adjust the sensitivity threshold. With very low settings the boiler will switch off constantly. It is recommended to equip powerful electric water heaters with 16 amp fuses.

Having decided on the model of the water heater, you need to think through all the nuances of its installation in advance. When carrying out it yourself, first of all you should take care of safety precautions. If you have the slightest doubt, it is better not to skimp and call a specialist to connect the water heater.

When it is necessary to connect a water heater to a water supply system, the diagram must take into account the type of unit, installation location and other parameters. Only by carefully considering the installation method can you achieve the desired result - reliable operation and longevity of the equipment. We should not forget that there are certain rules and requirements that must be observed during installation.

According to the type of energy used, water heaters are divided into gas and electric.

The first option is more economical, but the installation of such models, as in all installation cases gas equipment should be handled by specialists who have permitting documentation. That is why the connection of electric models will be discussed in detail below; in this case, it is possible to install the boiler yourself.

According to the principle of operation, water heating units can be storage or flow-through.

Required Tools

In order for the scheme to connect the boiler to the water supply to be implemented without problems, it is necessary to prepare everything necessary in advance.

The list of tools and materials includes:

• measuring devices (ruler or tape measure),
• impact tool for drilling and drill bits in a set (you can use a hammer drill or a drill with an impact function),
• fastening elements for mounting the unit on the wall (brackets, anchors),
• mounting keys for connecting elements (it is optimal to supplement the kit with pliers and an adjustable wrench),
• tees (fittings designed for insertion into water pipes),
• shut-off valves (they should be installed at the entrances to the boilers to ensure that the equipment can be turned off, for example, for repairs)
• materials to ensure the tightness of connections (tow, special paste, sealing tape),
• flexible hoses (with their help, liquid is introduced into and out of the heater).

When preparing materials and tools, take into account the individual characteristics of connecting the water heater to the water supply system - the scheme may involve extending pipes or creating a bypass line. In this case, it is necessary to purchase pipes, choosing them according to technical specifications(It is important to remember that not all materials are resistant to high temperatures).

Working with various types of pipelines

The diagram for connecting the water heater to the water supply in the apartment and the choice of tools and materials also depend on the type of existing pipeline.

Polypropylene pipelines

To work with polypropylene pipes you will need a pipe cutter and a special soldering device. Tees in this case are selected from similar material, and to connect them to the taps, MRN couplings are used.

The process itself is not difficult if the pipes are open; with hidden communications, the process is complicated by the need to open the top layer above the pipes. Only after this will it be possible to crash into the water supply.

Metal-plastic pipelines

Metal-plastic pipes are usually laid on the surface, so the likelihood of complications is eliminated. Installation is carried out using fittings, and their choice is quite large, so any water heater installation scheme can be implemented without additional problems.

The insertion is carried out using tees, to which, depending on the location of communications and the location of installation of the heater, they are connected additional pipes or directly flexible hoses for input.

The photo shows an option on how you can install a water heater with your own hands using metal-plastic pipes and compression fittings

Steel pipelines

Do without welding work when working with steel pipeline the original “vampire” tee will allow. Structurally, it is a clamp with an outlet, which is put on the pipe (of course, the water supply should be turned off before installation) and secured with clamping screws. A rubber gasket is used for a tight fit.

Using a repair clip-tee is sufficient in a simple way installation, but not the most reliable

Important: Before installing the tee clip, the section of pipe under it should be cleaned of dirt, rust, and paint.

After installing the clamp with the outlet, a hole is drilled through the latter in the main pipeline. To perform such work, the use of a protective sleeve is required. It will prevent damage internal thread when drilling. A tap is installed on the outlet thread and then a supply hose to the boiler.

If you want to know how it is done, the whole process will be shown, and the text information in the article will help you avoid mistakes.

Storage heater installation

For those who are interested in how to install an electric storage water heater, it is important to know that when installing such equipment it is necessary. It will ensure the correct operation of the unit and reduce the likelihood of emergency situations.

A safety check valve for a water heater prevents water from flowing out of the heater, and also, if the maximum pressure in the tank is exceeded, it discharges excess liquid into the sewer through a drain outlet

The water inlet pipe of the water heater is marked in blue to avoid errors when connecting. It is installed on it during installation safety valve in compliance with the tightness requirements (FUM tape, flax tow, etc. are used). To further connect the water heater to the water supply, use a flexible hose or a hose in combination with pipes (steel, polypropylene or metal-plastic structures selected according to the type of existing pipeline. The so-called safety group (non-return safety valve) must work flawlessly, so if you are using an inexpensive installation kit, it is better to purchase this element separately, choosing high quality.

When installing yourself, the sequence installed elements in the direction from the inlet pipe of the water heater will be as follows:

• tee,
• a ball valve, which is used to drain water and is connected to the side outlet of the tee,
• safety valve with drain outlet,
• shut-off valve to shut off the system,
• pipeline.

This is a basic list of elements for installing a water heater in an apartment or private house, which can be supplemented if necessary:

• reducer (a device that reduces the inlet pressure to the nominal value for the water heating device),
• filter (if the water in the pipeline does not meet the requirements, for example, if there is large quantity insoluble impurities and salts that form deposits on the surface of the tank and on the heating element).

After completing these operations, all that remains is to connect the hot line to the boiler. To do this, a shut-off valve is mounted on the corresponding pipe of the water heater so that it can be turned off. The shut-off valve is connected to a flexible hose to drain the heated liquid.

Installation of instantaneous water heater

How to install a instantaneous water heater depends on how many water intake points the unit is intended to be used at. Depending on this, the power and performance of the water heater are also selected.

The easiest way is to mount the model on one crane. Thus, there is often a need to find out how to install a flow-through heater in the bathroom of residents of city houses with central hot water supply with frequent hot water outages. In this case, a low-power and cheaper device may be sufficient.

In private homes, where a heater is the only heating method, more often complex circuits with branches (at least for the faucet in the kitchen and the bath or shower). Such schemes require more powerful and expensive equipment. Installation in this case has its own characteristics. For example, the location for installing the heater should be chosen so that it is located approximately at an equal distance from all points of water consumption.

Installation is performed in the following sequence:

1. Installation of tees on hot and cold water pipelines for tapping equipment.
2. Installation of ball valves on tees to be able to shut off the water supply if necessary. Particularly when using a heater as alternative option, when turning off the tap to hotline makes it possible to use hot water from a centralized line.
3. The tees on the pipelines are connected to the corresponding nozzles of the water heater using flexible hoses. If the equipment is located far from the tie-in points, pipes (polypropylene, metal-plastic, steel - depending on the type of pipeline available) can also be used.

Important: Since the power similar models high, then it is recommended to use a reinforced three-core cable as wiring and lead it from the panel; an RCD and grounding are also required. This will all be relevant for powerful storage boilers.

Plus, when installing a flow-through electric heater with your own hands, it is recommended to use an ion exchange filter, and, if necessary, a mechanical one to protect the ion exchanger from rapid pollution. This is due to the intense deposition of salts on the equipment during rapid heating of water in a flow-through heater.

Video

The video will show you clearly how to install a water heater with your own hands.

A water heater, also known as a boiler, also known as an autonomous heating device, in some cases is the most a good decision hot water supply problems. It is also used in those houses and apartments where there is no hot water at all, where there is some, but intermittently, but most often those who want to save money think about how to connect the boiler to the water supply.

Let's give calculations using Moscow as an example (knowing about tariffs in your region, you can also calculate the economic benefits). On average, a family of 4 uses 8 cubic meters of hot water per month. The tariff for hot water in 2016 is 108.41 rubles. (population). It turns out that you will have to pay 867.28 rubles per month for hot water supply.

Now regarding the water heater. For a family of 4 people we take a 100-liter 2 kW storage boiler. Such a device heats water to the required temperature in an average of 2.5-3 hours, resulting in a total of 6 kW per day, 180 kW per day. With a tariff of 3.52 rubles. the total amount of the payment is 633.6 rubles. As you can see, 25% cheaper.

If we take into account the most economical one - a 5 kW instantaneous water heater, the tariff will be 75% cheaper than hot water supply. Its average productivity is 2 l/min. It will take 25 minutes (0.42 hours) to heat 50 liters. 0.42 x 5 = 2.1 kW per day. This produces 63 kW per month. In monetary terms, 222 rubles.

Since the economic benefits, as they say, are obvious, it’s time to tell you how to properly connect the boiler to the central water supply.

Varieties

Today the range of water heaters is very extensive. The differences lie in the heating method, power, tank shape, installation method, etc.

Water heating method:

• electric;
• gas;
• combined (gas/electricity);
• indirect heating water through a boiler.

Water supply method:

• pressure;
• non-pressure.

Installation method:

• floor option;
• horizontal and vertical hanging.

External tank shape:

• round (cylinder);
• oval (rectangle with rounded corners).

Device

• outer casing;
• internal tank;
• thermal insulation protection made of polyurethane;
• tubular electric heater (TEH);
• thermometer;
• thermostat.

This type of water heater is called storage due to the presence of a tank filled with water. The heating element heats the water to a certain temperature, and the thermal insulation between the inner and outer casings maintains the temperature. As needed, water is consumed, automatically replenished and heated again.

Flow unit design

In a flow-through boiler, due to the operation of a more powerful heating element, the water passing through it warms up instantly. The temperature is adjusted by decreasing or increasing the flow.

Such devices are mounted directly at a point in the water supply system, but only at one point - it is impossible to get it from one instantaneous boiler hot water in both the kitchen and bathroom at the same time.

The easiest to connect and operate is an electric boiler, since it does not require approval, special permission or the purchase of additional tools.

Flow-through HV is a very powerful household appliance, the connection of which requires 30 A wiring and mandatory grounding. In order to limit line damage to instantaneous water heaters with a heating element power of more than 5 kW, the kit does not include a power cord and a standard plug.

The accumulative VD has standard power 2 kW, where the supply current is 10 A. Ordinary “home” wiring is quite enough for the operation of this unit.

Considering that the PV does not provide the hottest possible water, precisely due to instant heating, many opt for storage water. Moreover, almost everyone can connect it.

How to connect correctly

Preparatory actions

1. Preparing the site based on “step-by-step” accessibility to connecting elements - water supply pipes and sockets.
2. The wall on which the wall-hung boiler will be mounted must be strong - the total weight of the device of 100 liters will be 130-150 kg, depending on the internal structure.

Required tools and materials:

• set of adjustable wrenches;
• roulette;
• mounting level:
• hammer drill (for load-bearing wall) or drill;
• pliers;
• connecting tees-fittings;
• shut-off valves (on inlet pipes);
• sealant (tow, paste, tape, etc.).

Installation process

Boiler canopy on the wall. Depending on the volume of the tank, select the appropriate number of brackets (they are usually included in the kit) and dowels. For a standard HV with a volume of 100 liters, 2 complete brackets are sufficient. If the volume is less, 2 is also required, if more, 4/6.

On back side look at how many holes there are on the boiler. Respectively. so many brackets will need to be purchased if they are not included in the kit.

Measure the distance between the holes and make marks on the wall where you will make the holes (standard 180 mm). If the wall on which the device will be hung is load-bearing or panel house, then you will need a hammer drill. In other cases, an electric drill will do the job.

Be sure to check straightness using mounting level. The device must be installed absolutely level without distortion.

We drilled holes, inserted dowels and screwed the brackets with screws, after which we hung the boiler on hooks.

How to properly connect the boiler to the water supply

To begin with, it should be noted that the water coming from the tap is not highly pure. In order to clean the heating element less often, it is recommended to embed a small filter on the inlet pipe.

Now we connect the HV to a pipe with cold water; to do this, we screw a safety valve onto the pipe of the device itself with a blue ring and insulate it with FUM tape. After this, we connect the pipe with the red ring to the outlet pipe through which hot water will flow to the mixer. We also insulate with FUM tape.

For reference. FUM tape is an insulating material on a fluoroplastic base, which has high functional properties. The tape does not deform when temperature changes, does not rot, does not wear out, does not tear, is labile to chemical elements, non-toxic.

In order for the thread to “seat” as tightly as possible, it is necessary to wind the tape strictly clockwise.

Connection to pipes

Polypropylene pipes

What tools will you need:

• pipe cutter

• tees and couplings (МРН)

• stopcock

How to connect correctly:

1. Shut off the hot and cold water supply pipes on the riser.
2. Make a cut at the marked place on the pipe and solder the tees on both pipes.
3. Insert additional pipes into the tees (for extension).
4. Mount couplings on the bends and connect shut-off valves to them.
5. Depending on the distance of the boiler, connect shut-off valves to each of the pipes or lay an additional flexible hose and connect it to them.

In the photo you see what the connected device should look like

If the pipes are built into the wall, the connection will be somewhat more complicated.

1. Break the coating directly above each pipe.
2. You cut the pipe at the marked place and insert a repair coupling, more often called an American coupling.
3. Weld the coupling to the tee from the polypropylene side, and to the cut on the pipe - with the threaded end.
4. Remove the coupling and connect the pipes as indicated earlier.

Metal-plastic pipes

All fastenings on such pipes are carried out using fittings.

Procedure.

1. Shut off the water at the riser.
2. Use a pipe cutter to cut the pipes at the marked location.
3. Insert the tee, connect pieces of metal-plastic pipe or flexible hose to the outlet and connect them with fittings to the branch pipes.

Steel pipes

For reference. This is a clamp with a side threaded branch that allows you to make a hole in a pipe without special equipment.

In order to install it, you need to clean the pipe from paint and spraying, put rubber compressor and screw the clamp. This results in a completely sealed connection. Next, drill a hole through the branch (the sleeve is included) and connect the stop valve, and to it a flexible hose for connecting to the water heater pipe.

How to connect a flow unit

The PV is installed exclusively on the hot water supply pipe.

Procedure

1. Shut off the water at the riser
2. Cut the pipe where the connection will be and weld shut-off valves on both sides.
3. Connect the outlet and inlet pipes with shut-off valves using flexible hoses.
4. Connect to electricity.

When using such a device at home, first turn on the water, then turn on the boiler. At the end - first the boiler, then the water.

To understand exactly how to perform actions correctly and in what order, watch the training video

Video - how to connect a boiler to a water supply