Paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house or in a country house perform two functions - aesthetic and utilitarian. The key to high-quality implementation of both is proper installation paving slabs.

Many people trust this to professionals, trusting that they know their job. Is this so? Will a hired worker always perform the installation better than the owner himself?

The main thing is to know how to lay paving slabs with your own hands.

It will be a good help step-by-step instruction, in which, in addition to the order of work, all the nuances of this rather simple and fascinating process will be revealed. Where the result appears with the first tile laid.

Preparation for laying paving slabs

Planning is the key to ensuring that your homemade path will not fail for a long time.

• Site layout. Few people decide to lay out the entire space on the site with tiles, just as it is difficult to do without paths, at least from the gate to the cottage and outbuildings. Perfect option- think over the paths to the house and from it to the main buildings on the site. This way the lawn is preserved, and there is no need to knead the dirt when it rains. In addition, you will not have to uproot trees and other perennial plantings.

• Material selection. Paving slabs are gradually gaining ground over other types of paving. The main advantages: ease of operation, the ability to dismantle the coating, does not “float” like asphalt when heated, does not burst from the cold (frost-resistant), and does not require maintenance. A path lined with paving slabs allows moisture to pass through, thereby not harming the soil (environmentally friendly).

• Tile. When choosing a tile, you need to know that according to the manufacturing method, it can be vibrocast (possibly self-production) and vibration-pressed (made in industrial conditions). Varies in color, thickness and shape. Requires a base of different composition. All these factors determine the technology for laying paving slabs.

Tile covering of paths and platforms - parameters

A comparative analysis of tiled paving is provided in the table

The type of soil also influences the choice of base for paving slabs. Movable soil requires a device concrete base even under pedestrian path, and dense allows you to get by with a sand-cement cushion under the car.

Laying paving slabs with your own hands - step-by-step instructions

General tips and rules on how to lay paving slabs correctly:

• provide drains for water drainage. If paving slabs are laid on sand, then water will go into the gaps between the tiles, and if on a concrete base, then a transverse, longitudinal or transverse-longitudinal slope is required. Thus, water, rain or melt, will not collect between the concrete and the tiles. Consequently, the possibility of swelling of sections of the track is eliminated. Optimal slope paving slabs 1 cm by 1 meter. Please note: the gap for water drainage should be located between the curb and the tile surface;

• correlate the size of the tiles with the dimensions allocated for the path. The wider the path, the larger the tiled elements should be (subjective opinion), or vice versa, from small tiles. It would seem that large tiles will make the layout quicker and simpler, but in reality, it may turn out differently. The large dimensions of the tiles are directly reflected in the weight; the weight of paving slabs 40x40 cm is 15-16 kg (depending on thickness). As a result, such slabs are difficult to lift, move, or level. While you adjust the height, you will have to lift the weight several times to add sand;

• lay (bring up) communications before laying paving slabs. Otherwise, it will need to be dismantled and reassembled. If there is no need for communications yet, then conditions can be created for their installation later. To do this, it is recommended to lay under the path in the most likely places where future communications will pass. plastic pipes diameter 50 mm;

• Installation of paving slabs is not carried out during rain or immediately after precipitation. The soil and the laid cushion must dry out. Optimal humidity the base is the guarantee that the tile will not spread over time;

• the base for laying paving slabs must be perfectly level. The sand used for backfilling should not contain clay or other impurities;

• choose optimal size tracks. It is reasonable to select the width of the path based on the size of the paving slabs, plus a value equal to the sum of the gaps between them. In this way, it will be possible to avoid labor-intensive and not always beautiful cutting of tiles. The same applies to patterned layout. However, this approach is only possible when laying tiles with the correct geometry. Using Simulation natural stone, circular pattern, complex geometry does not always make it possible to do without cutting. In this case, you need to think about the exact location of individual whole and trimmed elements.

Stage 1 - Layout of paving slabs - diagrams, patterns, drawings

For creating beautiful path you need to make the correct sketch from the tiles. A drawing or diagram of laying paving slabs will help not only to visualize the project, but also to calculate the required amount of material.

The choice of laying scheme is influenced by the shape (geometry) of the tiles (see photo) and the planned layout design.

Considerable room for maneuver is created by the use of paving slabs rectangular shape, with standard sizes 100x200 mm, “paving stones” or “brick” type. They give greatest number styling options.

Traditional options for laying paving slabs:

1. Geometric styling. Can be represented by colored canvases or illusions.

By playing with colors and tile layout you can create unique design garden paths. Examples in the photo (rhombus, square, circle, new and Old city, parquet, checkerboard, fan, coil, butterfly, wedge sheet, hexagon or honeycomb).

2. 3D illusions - paving slabs with a 3D effect. Laying tiles with a pattern that creates a three-dimensional stereoscopic (three-dimensional) image is a clever technology for deceiving the eye.

An example of which is provided below, does not have a diagram in the classical sense. Involves laying out tiles in artistic disorder. If the tiles are monochromatic, then the size of the tiles varies during laying; if they are multi-colored, the colors vary.

4. Artistic laying of paving slabs, the photo of which is provided below, gives an idea of ​​the variety of different styling options. The complexity of the design is determined by the skill or perseverance of the artist.

Stage 2 - Preparation of material and tools for laying paving slabs

For work you will need: sand, cement, tiles, curb. The following tools will be useful: nylon thread, pegs, rubber hammer, long rule, level, tamper, trowel, broom. In case of trimming, you need a grinder with a disc for cutting concrete. Knee pads are a handy thing, because work takes a lot of time focusing on these parts of the body.

Stage 3 - Marking for laying paving slabs

Marking the site consists of determining the contour of the future path. The area around the entire perimeter is marked with pegs, between which a nylon thread is stretched. Due to the fact that it serves as a guide for laying out the tiles, it must be pulled strictly according to the level.

Stage 4 - preparing the base for paving slabs

To install the base, you need to remove the top layer of turf, level the bed, pour water and compact it using a tamper. Dense soil does not require such work. There are stones, roots of trees and shrubs in the soil - all this should be removed.

Note. You can leave the soil, but then the path will be much higher than the rest of the cover on the site, which can lead to it being washed away by melt or rain water.

The resulting bed is covered with a drainage bearing layer, for example, crushed stone or gravel 150-200 mm high. For a car path (platform), the layer thickness increases to 400 mm. Many people place geotextiles under the gravel and on top of it to eliminate the possibility of the cushion being washed out. groundwater. 20 mm is poured on top of crushed stone. sand to level the base.

Stage 5 - Technology for laying paving slabs

Step-by-step instruction

1. Installing a curb for paving slabs or curbs

The purpose of the curb stone is to mark the path and protect the tiles from spreading. But there are examples of laying paving slabs without a border.

The curb is installed on a leveled base. For greater reliability, it is laid on a concrete base (concrete castle).

You can install a plastic border for tiles

The border can be installed flush with the tiles or protrude a few cm. It is recommended to lay the tiles just above the curb (curb) by 5 mm, this is a gap for shrinkage.

There are three types of base:

Laying paving slabs on sand.

In this case, the distance between the curbs (or the tensioned thread if they are absent) is filled with sand. The height of the sand layer is 50-60 mm. Before work, the sand is watered with water using a spray bottle and left to dry a little. Next it is leveled and compacted. The laying is done on damp, but not wet sand.

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On the base prepared at the fifth stage, a second layer of sand (30-40 mm) is laid, on which the reinforcing mesh is laid. The mesh is covered on top with a mixture of sand and cement in a ratio of 1:4.

Laying paving slabs on a concrete base.

The composition of the “pie” is shown in the diagram.

Note. Laying tiles on concrete is not the best option. This is due to the fact that the concrete base does not allow moisture to pass through. Water gets trapped between concrete and tiles and when sub-zero temperatures leads to deformation of the track.

3. Laying tiles

Simple rules for high-quality and efficient work.

How to lay paving slabs correctly:

• the tiles are laid from the lowest point upward;

• The masonry is carried out using the manual method. That is, when performing work, the master moves along an already laid path so as not to damage the compacted and leveled base;

• Installation of tiles in a circular manner begins from the center of the pattern.

• the beginning of installation occurs at the optically visible boundary, i.e. to the place where the eye first falls: Entrance door, porch, veranda, gazebo, etc.

• The tiles are not laid out in even rows, but diagonally. This makes it easier to align horizontally.

When starting to lay, the first thing to do is pull the cord across the width of the path, and level the first row of tiles along it. The horizontal line should be checked with a level every 2-3 rows.

"Planting" paving slabs The tile is placed in its intended place and installed accurately by lightly tapping it rubber mallet. If a tile falls through, add sand or a mixture underneath it.

The gap between paving slabs is usually 2-3 mm (enough for water to escape). Exact gaps are maintained using crosses (but, this is a theory, it does not occur in practice).

Some manufacturers have provided limiters (distance locks) on the tiles, allowing them to be laid at the same distance from each other without the use of additional devices.

Material prepared for the website www.site

Appeared new technology- paving slabs that glow in the dark. Installing such tiles will mark the boundaries and make it safer to move along the path at night. Glowing paint is applied over the tiles and is absolutely safe for users and the soil.

Another option for decorative path lighting is LED paving slabs. In this case, during the laying process, brick blocks are installed - LED lights powered by electricity or solar panels.

Stage 6 - Grouting the joints of paving slabs

In addition to understanding how to lay paving slabs, you need to know how to seal the seams. Filling the seams between paving slabs is done in two approaches. To begin with, pour out onto the laid tiles thin layer clean, sifted, dry sand. Using a broom or brush, the backfill is swept between the seams. Then a layer of sand (if the base is sandy) or a sand-cement mixture in a 1:1 ratio (for a cement-sand or concrete base) is poured onto the path and the seams are also filled (spilled) using a broom.

You can purchase a ready-made dry mixture for filling the seams of paving slabs: M150 (120 rubles/25 kg) and Quick-mix PFN (1650 rubles/25 kg).

At the end of the work, the path is watered with water using a sprayer. Watering is carried out until puddles form on the path.

Important. The distance between the curb and the tiles is not concreted, and is also filled with dry mixture.

Note. Professionals advise vibrating the seams with a special board, but users argue that in private construction this is unnecessary.

Caring for paving slabs

It is not enough to know how to lay paving slabs; you also need to provide them with constant care so that they last the estimated period. Simple maintenance consists of periodically sweeping and washing the paving slab path (to ensure that the colored tiles remain as beautiful). IN winter time Do not use metal shovels to clear snow, and do not use crowbars or ice axes to remove ice, and also sprinkle the path with anti-ice compounds containing salt.

Water repellent for paving slabs

The porous structure of concrete acts like a sponge - it absorbs water. Hygroscopicity plays its detrimental role precisely in winter, when water penetrates the pores of concrete, freezes, expands and destroys the structure of the concrete base. As a result, the appearance of microcracks, dents, cavities, and color changes.

To prevent this, use protective impregnations - water repellents for paving slabs

Water-repellent compounds (materials, additives, liquids) do not protect the tiles from fading in the sun and abrasion, but only saturate the surface of the concrete and thereby prevent “saturation” with water (provide water-repellent properties).

We will send the material to you by e-mail

No less important than interior design. Therefore, a choice is necessary quality material for finishing. The topic of today's publication: paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house. Photo interesting options will help you make your choice. The HomeMeHome editors will consider the main types of decor, their sizes, as well as processing technologies with all the details.

PHOTO: keramokub.ru

In the manufacture of durable paving slabs, we always try to use high-quality building materials. These include sand, and sometimes dye (when making a decorative option).

This production is usually carried out by professional factories. Sometimes even at home it can be organized similar system design. For these purposes, special machines are used, with the help of which it is possible to obtain various models and collections of paving slabs production.

Main types of paving slabs with photo samples

Depending on the method of creating this building material for, various technologies are used. Some are considered budget, others are rated quite highly. However, the latter, as a rule, are distinguished by increased quality and durability. Let's take a closer look at the existing types.

Vibro-cast paving slabs

It is made using the same method - vibration casting. This ready-made design is more suitable for yard paths. The essence of the production method is as follows: the solution is poured into a special mold.

PHOTO: istimpax.ru

Under vibration, it gradually crumples and dries, after which the form is replenished. When the specimen is ready, it is placed in a drying chamber.

Related article:

Vibropressed paving slabs

With the help of vibrocompression it is possible to obtain truly robust construction. This one will withstand not only a person, but also the mass of a massive vehicle. This option has a long service life and frost resistance. Usually the surface of the material is rough. May have different pigment.

PHOTO: lesoprodukt12.ru

However, such tiles have some disadvantages. These include limited sizes and shapes, as well as high cost.

Polymer sand and rubber paving slabs

One of the unusual ways of forming landscape material. The technology consists of carefully sifting and calcining the sand. Polyethylene is subsequently added to it. This mixture can be heated to a maximum of 250ºС. After which the collection is sent directly into the molds to the press.

PHOTO: wasteinfo.ru

This model is resistant to sudden temperature changes, can stay in the cold for a long time, and does not absorb moisture at all. Therefore, the service life of such material is quite sufficient.

As for rubber options for street finishing of the territory, the basis for their creation is recycled car tires. The latter turn into crumb rubber, and then mixed with the right amount adhesive composition. This solution is placed in a press, and subsequently the prepared slabs are dried.

PHOTO: yandex.uz

Low-quality rubber-based material usually reveals itself by quickly melting in the sun.

Natural stone tiles

This model is obtained by splitting the present natural material. This produces fragments of the desired size.

PHOTO: orenstone.ru

Granite, shungite, and slate are used as the basis for production. The disadvantage of such a product is that at the time of laying and paving, the seams are too wide.

What are the sizes of modern paving slabs?

Typically tiled street material They try to release them in strictly designated formats, which are discussed below.

1. Paving slabs 300×300×30 mm. It is a square that can have different structures and patterns. Mainly available for sale in gray and red shades.
2. Paving slabs with dimensions 500×500×50 mm. Such models are convenient not only for wide courtyard paths and entrances. They can be used to organize high-quality and durable blind areas.
3. Tiles 400×400 mm². Designed exclusively for beautifying paths to cottages and other oversized parts of courtyard areas.
4. Material with dimensions of 100×200 mm or 100×100 mm² is an excellent option for laying narrow sidewalks under a fence near a house. You can also use this option instead of asphalt when organizing entrances or parking lots.

As for height, this parameter varies. Minimum size 3-5 cm.

PHOTO: stellard.ru

Paving the yard with paving slabs

Not everyone knows how to properly lay paving slabs in the yard. However, regardless of the shape or pattern of the raw materials, it is possible to apply various options paving. For the private sectors, there are several types as follows.

Herringbone and wicker

Using these technologies, unusual patterns are created that cannot be repeated by friends and acquaintances without knowing some secrets. For example, the herringbone paving model.

PHOTO: stellard.ru

This simple design. It is created by laying tile material at an angle of 45º or 90º. This option will be available provided that narrow rectangular tiles are used.

PHOTO: yandex.ua

Wicker paving slabs are one of the most interesting and designer ones. A cheaper option is to come up with a weave of two colors of material yourself. If you don’t want to work on this process, there is always the opportunity to purchase raw materials with a ready-made pattern.

On a note! If there are uneven spots and holes in the yard, which is covered with paving slabs, they must be removed: cut off or filled with soil.

Chaosity and chess

A chaotic pattern is considered one of the simplest. It does not require a special approach. Even if you make a mistake when laying colored tiles, in general gray background, it won't be noticeable. However, this decor option is suitable for long wide paths. Unfortunately, not everyone has one of these in their yard.

PHOTO: ukladka-plitki61.ru

PHOTO: youtube.com

Volumetric compositions and circular order

If it is necessary to create visual volume in a certain area of ​​the local area, you should use different technologies paving and play of tile shades. Even changing the size of the raw material itself is welcome.

PHOTO: masonrydepotny.com

PHOTO: alsspb.ru

To accurately implement this drawing, preliminary marking of the territory is necessary. The dimensions and diameter of the future circumference of the sidewalk must be determined.

Paving slabs for paths in the country: review of models and prices

Among the wide range of tile products, it is very easy to get confused when choosing. Therefore, our editors recommend paying attention to several successful collections in the next section.

Paving slabs FELDHAUS KLINKER

Clinker option or paving stones. It has a yellow-sand tint, all the details of the collection are similar in tone and are not contrasting. This option is suitable for decorating courtyards in summer cottages.

PHOTO: 01dom.ru

The advantages include:

• high strength;
• simplicity of installation;
• moisture resistance;
• Possibility of laying on hard ground.

The option is suitable for installation using several different technologies.

Paving slabs FELDHAUS KLINKER

Paving slabs (paving stones) ABC

German model High Quality. Available exclusively in gray or brown. Withstands heavy loads, frost and moisture resistant.

PHOTO: klinker-nw.ru

The main advantages include:

• high grade of strength;
• attractive appearance;
• safe surface.

The standard size of one such tile is 200×100×40 mm.

Abc paving slabs

Rubber tiles 500×500 mm²

The model is available for sale in several different shades. The thickness of this material is 30 mm. Suitable for arranging children's playgrounds in the yard.

PHOTO: gcdemetra.ru

The advantages include:

• increased moisture resistance;
• warranty period 10 years;
• the presence of a rigid base for installation.

Withstands temperature changes ranging from +60ºС to -45ºС.

How much paving slabs will cost depends on the material processing technology.

Rubber tiles 500×500 mm

Which paving slabs to choose: the opinion of the HomeMyHome editors

Having weighed all the advantages and price categories of the declared models, our experts noted that the ABC model, which is produced in Germany, is considered the most durable. She will become excellent design yard and will last for many years. As for rubber options, it is advisable to install them only in areas where children play.

PHOTO: lenplit-spb.ru

PHOTO: brick-barnaul.rf

PHOTO: zaggo.ru

Molds for making paving slabs with your own hands: video

If you decide to create the tile material yourself, then you cannot do without special forms. The most detailed information can be found in the video review below.

Sometimes skilled craftsmen and lovers of imagination make do with improvised means.

Technology for laying paving slabs

If the question arises of how to lay paving slabs with your own hands, you need to follow a special principle. If all requirements are met, the surface of the site turns out to be perfectly smooth and attractive.

PHOTO: ysbkuban.ru

PHOTO: lanshaft.com

Article

There are many options for landscaping the territory, but the most popular solution is paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house; photos of various options are widely presented in the literature and on thematic websites.

Exists big choice paving slabs, which differ in size and color. In order to choose the right one for arranging the yard of a private house, you must first understand the existing assortment and know the advantages and disadvantages of each type of tile.

For installation in the courtyard of a private house, you can use various. Their main difference is not in the shape, pattern or size, but in the manufacturing method. Paving slabs can be sold in several ways, each of which has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Vibrocast

It is made using the vibration casting method, this is the most accessible and cheapest option. The prepared solution is poured into the mold, which is located on. During its operation, the solution gradually hardens and compacts, after which the products are placed in a drying chamber.

The manufacturing process is simple and does not take much time, so the tiles have a low cost. To give specific color, the pigment is added to the solution.

Vibro-cast paving slabs

Advantages of vibrocast tiles:

• You can get any color, different dyes are used for this;
• the front side is glossy;
• quickly manufactured;
• low cost.

Flaws:

• relatively low strength;
• does not like temperature changes;
• the service life is shorter than the same tile, but made in a different way.

Vibro-cast paving slabs in the yard

For arranging paths in a private yard, vibro-cast tiles are the best option.

To check the quality of the tiles, you need to hit two products together. A ringing sound will indicate good quality material.

Vibropressed

This method makes it possible to obtain more durable tiles, since the forms, after filling them with mortar, are sent under a vibropress. The tiles are compacted due to vibration and this process allows us to obtain a good quality material.

The main advantages of vibropressed paving slabs:

• increased strength;
• you can automate its production;
• high frost resistance;
• long service life.

Vibropressed paving slabs

Its disadvantages are that there is a limited choice of shapes and colors, as well as a higher cost.

Vibro-cast tiles can withstand the weight of a car, so they are laid both in the courtyard of a private house and on the entrances to it. The fact that low quality tiles will be very bright color, since the production technology does not allow obtaining catchy shades.

Polymer sand

Its difference is not only in the manufacturing method, but also in the materials used, this is the most modern solution. The composition of such tiles includes only sand and a polymer binder, there is no cement.

First, the sand is sifted, then calcined and mixed with polyethylene. Then the resulting mixture is heated at 250 degrees, poured into prepared molds and sent to the press. The use of dyes allows you to obtain any color.

An example of tiling a local area

Advantages:

• high strength;
• does not absorb moisture;
• not afraid of frost;
• has low weight;
• wide choice of shapes and colors;
• long service life.

Among the disadvantages, it is noted that in hot weather the material expands, so it is necessary to make gaps of at least 3 mm.

There is a large selection of paving slab patterns, so you can always choose the option you like:

• paving stones - outwardly it resembles an old pavement;
• gzhelka - consists of a large main element around which 4 small ones are located;
• classic tile – has 4 segments, each of which has stripes;
• cloud – convex texture, so the product is rough and matte;
• clover - has an unusual shape, it is easy to lay;
• flower;
• kaso - allows you to get a drawing in gothic style, for this, each element is cut at an angle;
• Maple Leaf;
• smooth;
• parquet - the presence of a ribbed surface allows you to move comfortably in winter;
• wave;
• spool - looks like a bobbin for thread;
• cobweb and others.

If the color of the tile on the back side is yellow tint, then this indicates its low quality, since sand and clay were used.

Installation options in the courtyard of a private house

Let's take a look in the yard. Availability in the modern construction market wide selection paving slabs, allows you to create a variety of patterns in the yard. The easiest way is to arrange elements of one or two colors, but when creating a pattern, you will have to work hard. To lay out the tiles in the form of a pattern, first make a sketch on paper. There are many and you can choose the one you like.

Christmas tree

This is a popular installation option, it is not difficult to perform, so even a novice home craftsman can handle it. The elements are rectangular in shape, they can be one or two colors. To create this pattern, the tiles are laid at an angle of 45 or 90 degrees.

Herringbone Layout Example

Chaotic drawing

It is also simple and affordable way styling, which will not be difficult to cope with. You will need tiles different sizes and colors, there is no need to adhere to strict lines, the elements are arranged scattered.

This allows you to get an individual and unique solution that will always look stylish and beautiful.

Chaotic styling is an interesting solution

Chess pattern

This is one of classic options, here the tiles are laid in a checkerboard pattern. It is easier to work with square elements, and they should be in contrasting colors. This pattern never gets boring and always looks original.

Volume solutions

If your imagination is well developed, then you can implement this installation option. There is a play of color and different ways styling, which allows you to create volumetric solutions.

Beautiful combination of different shades of tiles

Circular pattern

This installation will take a lot of time; you must first make markings for it, otherwise it will not be possible to complete the installation in a circle. This option always looks unusual and dynamic.

Other options

Except classical methods laying paving slabs, there are many other options that allow you to work with elements of different sizes and shapes. You can create a variety of ornaments, combine installation methods, which allows you to make the yard of a private house unique and original.

It doesn’t matter which method of installing paving slabs is chosen, the main thing is to follow the laying technology, then the result will not only be beautiful, but also practical and durable.

Laying features

After selecting the tiles and preparing the base, you can proceed to laying them. There are some features of performing these works, the observance of which will allow you to correctly implement the laying of paving slabs:

• in order not to damage the prepared surface, it is recommended to install the elements independently;
• laying is done diagonally;
• the gap between adjacent elements should be 1-2 mm;
• in order for the tiles to fall into place, use a wooden mallet;
• if the element lies below the required level, it is removed and sand is added;
• if necessary, cut some fragments, do this after laying all the whole tiles;
• a grinder with a diamond blade is used for cutting;
• installing a border allows you to give the site the correct shape and perfect appearance;
• after installation is completed, the surface is sprinkled with a dry mixture of sand and cement, and the seams are evenly filled with it;
• using a sprayer, pour the laid tiles;
• You can use the finished coating after 2 days, this time is necessary for the cement to harden in the seams.

If the private yard area is small, then it is better to use tiles small size, this will visually increase the space. In large areas, it is better to use compositions of large elements.

Photos, installation examples

There is a large selection of styles and types for laying paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house. Each owner can already use ready-made options or come up with your own by combining the described types.

Combination of tiles different shapes and colors allows you to create original patterns that can be implemented in a multi-color, two-tone or monotone solution.

Option for laying paving slabs with a pattern

Tile combination example various types and different colors

Bright color accents

Each person, having basic skills to perform construction work and desire, he can lay paving slabs in his yard. To do this, you just need to follow the recommendations of specialists and adhere to the developed technology.

Video on the topic

There are various options for arranging a yard in a private house. Some provide aesthetics to the area of ​​the house, others make it functional. The most popular way to decorate a yard is to use paving slabs. This solution is practical and at the same time quite cute.

If you decide to decorate the yard of your home by creating a covering from this material, then this is a completely reasonable decision. However, if this is your first time are you faced with this problem?, then you probably have a question about how to lay paving slabs correctly. In order not to be mistaken with this, you need to familiarize yourself with general principles this matter. This is what this article will discuss.

Material advantages

Nowadays, paving slabs are the most common material for paving sidewalks and laying out garden paths, as well as areas near private and country houses. This popularity of this material is mainly due to the advantages it has. The main ones include the following:

• ease of installation. If you use paving slabs to decorate your yard, then you can do all the work yourself, without involving specialists;
• This material is distinguished by a variety of shapes, colors and structures. A person who purchases this material for the first time is faced with the problem of choice, since the range of paving slabs is quite large. However, this has a certain advantage, since you can use this material to implement any design solution, find an option that will be in perfect harmony with the characteristics of the site. At the same time, the owner gets the opportunity to create a unique design that will be practical and at the same time pleasing to the eye;
• protection from moisture. Even with heavy rainfall, puddles do not form on the paving slab surface. Water drains away neatly without changing the appearance of the coating;
• durability. A coating made of this material is able to withstand heavy loads for decades, while maintaining its performance characteristics;
• simplicity repair work. If damage occurs in a particular area while using paving slabs, the owner will not have to replace most of it. All you need to do is replace the damaged elements. This work will not be a big difficulty even for a beginner;
• environmental friendliness. Under influence high temperatures the asphalt begins to separate harmful substances that negatively affect human health. However, this does not apply to paving slabs, which, regardless of the temperature affecting them, continue to be an environmentally friendly material.

Flaws

However, paving slabs cannot be called an absolutely ideal material, since for it characterized by certain disadvantages. However, we note that they are insignificant.

Before making a choice in favor of tiles, you need to familiarize yourself with all its advantages and disadvantages and then, after carefully weighing everything, make a final decision.

Preparation for installation

There are a number of steps that must be completed before actually laying the tiles. One of them - preparation of the territory for subsequent creation of paving slabs. It involves holding certain events.

Before starting to lay the material, it is necessary to remove the turf from the area on which the covering will be created to a depth of 15 cm. Then the cleared space should be cleaned. Seeds and plant roots should be removed.

If clay soils predominate at the site where the coating is to be laid, then in this case a device is required. drainage system. It is necessary to make a slight slope, due to which water will drain from the coating.

After this it is necessary perform proper compaction using available tools. For example, you can use an ordinary log, which will do the job perfectly.

Then you need to prepare a concrete pad on which curbs or stones will be installed. When the cushion is created, prepared stones are laid out to mark the boundaries of the covering.

Base for paving slabs

Once the surface for laying paving slabs is prepared, you can lay out the material in the yard. And then you need to start preparing the foundation, which will then be material is laid out.

Laying tiles

Laying tiles is quite a difficult task, especially for a beginner. Many people are interested in the question of how to properly lay this material. First you need solve the problem with the drawing, which you want to have on the cover. It must be marked in advance on the prepared area. It is necessary to tighten the cord so that the laying is carried out as evenly as possible. Experts recommend installing tiles diagonally away from you. When laying paving slabs, you need to ensure that the particles of the future coating fit tightly to each other.

Main stages

Installation nuances

Laying paving slabs for many may seem like a simple task. However, everything is not so simple here. Eat certain subtleties, which you should know about. Next, let's look at the most important details.

• Doesn't have of great importance, what paving slabs you decided to lay in your yard. The material almost always does not lay flat. When the job is completed, unwanted waste is left behind—wasted money. Therefore, they should be included in the price so as not to spend too much. The most waste occurs when parallel tile laying is done. It is best to lay the material diagonally. This will save money on materials.
• If you are faced with the task of adjusting the baseboard to a certain form, then it must first be cut with a grinder, and then broken off. Cutting tiles to the end is not The best decision, since this leads to an increase in the amount of dust that will have to be removed from the surface.

Conclusion

Many owners of private country houses want to have beautiful yard area. This is quite easy to achieve these days. Thanks to paving slabs, which are a common material, you can easily transform the courtyard of a private house, as well as paths in parks and sidewalks.

To many, laying this material may seem simple process. However, it is not. There is certain nuances, which you should know about. First, you should get acquainted with the technology of laying a covering made of this material, and only then engage in laying paving slabs yourself. In this case, you can avoid errors and get beautiful yard, which will delight the eye for many years.

Extremely simple technology laying paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house allows the work to be completed by an individual developer without the involvement of specialists. It is enough to organize the slopes of the pavement, install a storm drain, choose a rational layout scheme and the material to be used for paving, depending on the operational loads.

Before you start decorating your yard with FEM shaped paving elements, you need to learn how to properly plan the topography of the site and reduce the budget for landscaping the area. FEM are budget option finishing, in comparison with asphalt concrete pavement, allows you to level out unevenness by terracing and making slopes of 4 - 7 degrees, necessary for gravity removal of rain and melt runoff.

To lay paving slabs evenly and ensure maximum coverage life, the following operating nuances should be taken into account:

Important! Storm drainage (point or linear) is necessary in any case, since FEMs are made of concrete, rubber or polymer concrete, and all these materials retain moisture on the surface.

Paving the yard with paving slabs

Laying tiles in the yard should take into account the technology features:

Advice! It is better to calculate the number of paving slabs after marking the yard, taking into account the layout scheme, the presence of curved sections and retaining walls for terracing the area.

Yard marking

At this stage it is necessary to beat off a single horizontal level yard, create slopes and outline the paving area with cords. To lay paving slabs on granular mixtures, you need a rigid base, preferably from soils with a minimum clay content. In practice, the developer faces the following problems:

The latter option automatically adds steps to transition between terraces. It is better to make them from FEM elements in order to maintain the unity of the landscape design style.

Therefore, marking the yard is necessary to outline the paving area from the surface of which it will be removed fertile layer and replaced with non-metallic material. To do this, pegs or cast-offs are used, the cord is pulled along the outer edge of the curbs or storm drain trays.

Base requirements

If there is clay in the soil, it will swell in winter and destroy the coating. On a fresh embankment, on the contrary, the soil will subside over time. Therefore, in the first case, part of the soil (upper 40 cm) is replaced with an inert material that does not contain clay and swelling is minimized.

In the second option, the black soil is also removed, but to a depth of 0.6 m, a 15-20 cm layer of crushed stone is poured and a 10 cm footing is cast over the entire yard surface. Figured paving elements are laid on a layer of sand with a minimum thickness of 15 cm or paving (1/6 cement, sand, respectively) with a thickness of 10 cm minimum. All layers are necessarily compacted with a vibrating plate.

Preparing the mixture

Putting road surface You can use a solution, a dry mixture, or clean sand. The first option is expensive, the coating has zero repairability and is extremely sensitive to movements of the base. Gartsovka does not provide any special advantages in comparison with pure sand, since for the normal formation of cement stone, at least a minimum water-cement ratio is required, and not moisture accidentally penetrating into the lower level.

Preparation of prancing from cement and sand.

Curbs and storm drains

The resource and quality of paving directly depend on the technology for installing storm drains and garden borders. These elements are higher than paving slabs; for them, trenches will have to be deepened along the perimeter of the paving area. When laying them on the base, you should follow the following technology:

The laid curb is covered from the outside with soil, from the inside with non-metallic material (sand or crushed stone) at the same level with the surface of the underlying layer. Storm drainage trays and storm water inlets are installed at the lowest points of the paving area. To reduce the landscaping budget, storm drainage trays can replace curbs on one side of the yard.

Laying solid tiles

The paving stones are laid on the manufactured base using the following technology:

Rice. 8 Alignment of the prancing rule

• paving – according to the selected pattern and layout of the shaped paving elements, paving slabs are mounted on leveled bulk material close to each other.

The rule is made from a flat, dry edged board, in the lower part on both sides of which rectangular cuts are created with a hacksaw. Unlike tiles laid with glue, paving stones can be walked on immediately, so the work more convenient weight in front of. This makes it possible to level the entire paving surface along the beacons and lay the FEM elements in one go, which dramatically increases productivity.

Tool-free laying of paving stones on leveled and compacted sand

Advice! With high-quality leveling along the beacons of grits or sand, the paving slabs do not even need to be upset with a rubber mallet. After filling the seams, the entire surface of the FEM is leveled and compacted with a vibrating plate, eliminating home handyman from manual labor.

Trimming and filling seams

It is possible to avoid cutting figured paving elements only in areas of correct geometric shape, and even then, not for all FEM collections. Trimming of paving slabs is necessary at junction points:

• at curbs, foundations, plinths;
• near rainwater inlets and at intersections;
• on radial, winding sections.

The FEM is cut using a diamond disc or an angle grinder using stone tools. Unlike some curbs, paving slabs do not have reinforcement and are quite easy to cut.

For some modifications of FEM, manufacturers produce halves, which allows you to do without trimming.

On last stage laid facing material must be additionally protected from displacement during operation. To do this, the seams should be filled with quartz or washed quarry sand. Particles of these materials have torn edge, therefore they self-weed inside the seams under their own weight, are not washed out by rain and are not blown away by the wind.

Backfilling of joints with FEM.

Sand is poured in heaps over the paving area before compacting the lining with a vibrating plate, and swept with a brush over the entire surface of the yard. Bulk material penetrates into the seams on its own; after treating the surface with a vibrating plate, the remaining bulk material is swept away.

Interface with blind area

If you plan to pave the entire courtyard area with paving slabs, then the blind area by default is also decorated with this material. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the nuances:

• the width of the blind area should be 15–20 cm greater than the projection of the roof onto the ground;
• the slope of the blind area should be from the walls outwards within 4 - 7 degrees;
• the topography of the courtyard area, in turn, may have a slope towards the cottage.

Therefore, a linear storm drain from surface trays should be installed along the perimeter of the blind area. Or provide drainage from a waterproof surface concrete covering into point rainwater inlets installed at the lower points of the yard, and arrange the slopes of the paving stones in their direction.

Interface unit for the blind area and paving of the yard with storm drainage elements.

Important! At the stage of manufacturing the underlying layer, pipes are laid drainage sewer from storm water inlets towards an underground reservoir for receiving and storing wastewater.

Thus, paving the yard with paving slabs on your own is not difficult for an individual developer, even on uneven terrain. It is necessary to take into account the composition of the soil and its bearing capacity depending on the operational loads on this decorative coating.

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