Even in the fairy tale about the three little pigs, the most important and always relevant idea is raised about the right choice building material for home. A fairy tale is a fairy tale, but many of us, like the heroes of the famous work, want to build a strong reliable home with minimal effort. However, today it is quite possible to do this thanks to the development construction technologies. However, there are so many different wall materials that the developer has to rack his brains when deciding which material is best to build a house from. Brick, aerated concrete, wood, sandwich panels - which is better, more reliable, more durable and warmer?

The costs of erecting the walls of a house account for up to 40% of the cost of all work, so it is so important to weigh the numerous pros and cons of each material in order to accept the only correct solution. It is also necessary to take into account the seasonality of living in the house, requirements for thermal insulation, the cost of fuel used for heating, as well as the labor intensity of the work and the budget allocated for construction. Today there are a lot of materials for building a house - finding the one that most accurately meets your needs is not a problem.

No. 1. Wooden house

The most conservative and traditional material for building a house is wood. Its undeniable advantages include:

Minuses:

• high fire hazard, even though special impregnations are used in the production of timber today;
• wood is sensitive to humidity and pests, they are also trying to combat this, but without constant care the material will be constantly damaged;
• shrinkage;
• high price.

Glued laminated timber

No. 2. Brick house

Another classic and time-tested material for building a house is. Despite the emergence of a mass of alternative materials, it remains the most popular material for the construction of low-rise private houses, and there are many reasons for this.

pros:

• high durability and strength;
• inertia, insects and;
• fire resistance;
• the material is breathable;
• brick allows you to turn a project of any complexity into reality.

Minuses:

For the construction of a 2- or 3-story house A brick of strength M100 or M125 is enough, But ground floor It is better to build from M150-M175 bricks. It is also necessary to take into account the frost resistance of the brick, which is determined by the cycles of freezing and defrosting that the material can withstand without losing its basic properties. If for warm regions it is quite possible to use F15-30 brick, then for middle zone It is better to take material with frost resistance F50, and for the most severe regions - F100. After the house is built, it is given some time to dry. Brick walls are usually finished.

Based on filling, bricks are divided into:

For the construction of walls, only two types of bricks are used:

• silicate (white).

Ideally, it is better to build from ceramic bricks of plastic formation. It is made from high-quality clay by extrusion. Ceramic brick dry and semi-dry formation thanks to high precision geometry is primarily used for cladding. It is characterized by durability, good sound insulation and strength.

Sand-lime brick produced on the basis of sand and lime, it is cheaper than ceramic, but more fragile, has a small variety, lower thermal insulation and low moisture resistance.

No. 3. Houses made of cellular concrete

Lightweight concrete blocks are the most promising material for building a house of all those existing in the world. this moment. Of all stone materials cellular concrete is different best performance on thermal insulation. Due to the fact that the block is large in size (replaces 17-20 single bricks), the construction of buildings is carried out quickly. In terms of strength and durability, the material is practically not inferior to brick. Cellular concrete includes aerated concrete, foam concrete,, But greatest distribution We purchased the first two in private construction.

House made of aerated concrete (aerated block)

House made of cinder concrete

No. 4. Frame house

No. 5. Houses made of reinforced concrete panels

Another option rapid construction– technology for constructing houses from ready-made factory ones. A low-rise house can be built in a few days! The technology is reminiscent of that which was so actively used in the Soviet Union to quickly build millions of square meters housing.

pros:

Minuses:

• a solid foundation is needed;
• Not a large number of offers on the market (few companies cast slabs for the created project - usually elements of typical sizes are manufactured);
• such a house “does not breathe”;
• Concrete does not hold heat well.

When you need to quickly build a reliable and durable house of decent size, this is one of the best options, especially since today it is possible to cast panels of strictly required shapes and sizes in order to erect a building according to.

When choosing material for building a house, it is important to take into account the climate, the type of soil, the future heating system, and many other factors. But even the most high-quality building material can be disappointing if construction technology is violated or the foundation is laid incorrectly, so these points should be given no less importance.

Our article today is more specific - about wall materials for wooden house construction.

And FORUMHOUSE users will help us understand them.

From our material you will learn:

• About the features wooden houses;
• About which wood is best to build a house from;
• About the pros and cons of wooden houses;
• What is the difference between a log manual cutting from a rounded log;
• What types of timber are there?

Features of a wooden house

One of the main advantages of living in a wooden house is a favorable microclimate. In a house built of wood, it is easy to breathe, it is cool in summer and warm in winter, it has a special, “homey” atmosphere.

These features are due to the properties of wood. Wooden walls have low thermal conductivity - like in a stone building, but the walls in a wooden house are less thick.

This allows you to reduce construction costs. Because the wooden house weighs less than stone, there is no need to build a powerful foundation for it. And with appropriate wall thickness, a wooden house does not require additional insulation.

Dimaelektro:

– In my opinion, for a house for permanent residence in Moscow and for walls, it is enough to take profiled timber with a thickness of 190-195 mm. If you take ordinary timber 150 mm thick, you will need additional insulation along the facade 50 mm. A rounded log must have a diameter of at least 260 mm.

The greatest heat loss occurs not through the walls, but through a poorly insulated floor, roof and improperly installed windows.

You also need to build from logs, paying attention not to the diameter of the material itself, but to the width of the groove (the place where the logs are placed on top of each other). You can install a log house with logs with a diameter of over 300 mm, but with a groove only 5-7 cm wide. As a result, the actual thickness of the log wall will be the same 5-7 cm and, despite the spectacular appearance a house made of such logs will be very cold in winter. Even heating using mains gas will not save you.

Therefore, before starting the construction of a wooden house, it is important to understand why it is being built and how it will be used: as a summer cottage, or as a place for permanent residence.

If wooden house is used in the “dacha” mode, then upon arrival at the site it quickly warms up, and a well-heated wooden house made of thick logs, thanks to their heat capacity, retains heat for a long time (the walls act as a heat accumulator).

Even in an unheated wooden house there is no feeling of dampness, because... wood, due to its good vapor permeability, removes excess steam and moisture outside. Research has shown that the movement of steam and air in a log occurs more in the longitudinal than in the transverse direction.

Thermal energy from a wooden house comes out the other way around - across the log.

Because steam, tending outward, moves perpendicularly (along tree rings) direction, no mixing of these flows occurs.

Steam does not reach the outer, cooled layers in a wooden wall and is removed through the ends in the logs, rather than condensing when a “dew point” occurs.

Therefore, a favorable microclimate is maintained in a wooden house.

When building a wooden house and choosing materials for its finishing, it is important to follow the principle: the degree of vapor permeability of materials should increase from the inside out.

Among the advantages of wooden houses are:

• spectacular appearance;
• final appearance of the walls: they do not require additional external and internal finishing, except for painting.

Despite all the advantages, wood, as a wall building material, is not without a number of disadvantages.

A wooden cottage takes a long time to settle, so you can’t immediately start finishing it - installing windows, doors, etc. The house must “stand” under a temporary roof. On average, this process takes about a year. Wall shrinkage: changing their height depending on the degree of moisture saturation source material can range from 3 to 12%. Therefore, even at the project stage, it is important to include this coefficient in the height of the flows.

Scaffolding can begin to rot, it can be pulled or spun like a helicopter, it is susceptible to cracking and insect pests. The tree also needs comprehensive protection from the destructive effects of water and sunlight. To combat these phenomena, wood is treated with fire-bioprotective agents, painted and impregnated with special compounds.

Wood is a “living”, capricious material, which is constantly influenced by external adverse weather factors. Find out from our news how and with what to protect

The best tree for a house

Each of us dreams of a reliable, durable and beautiful wooden country house. When the project is ready, it is necessary to select a building material, because... the quality of the future structure depends on it. Previously, when choosing a material, we referred to the reviews and recommendations of our friends. Today, thanks to a large number of professional developers, you can get all the information and decide what kind of wood to build a house from. In this article we will look in detail at what is best to build from. wooden houses based on reviews from professionals and building owners.

Advantages of wooden houses

The main advantage in the construction of wooden houses, according to their owners, is the environmental friendliness of the material. Having studied all the reviews about such buildings, we can highlight their main advantages:

• The house has an original appearance, a fabulous harmonious atmosphere filled pleasant smell wood
• The house has high sound and thermal insulation characteristics.
• All materials used are environmentally friendly and not harmful to human health.
• Short construction period, the whole process takes from 2 to 6 months.
• Performance finishing works does not require great complexity and expense.
• If the operating rules are followed, the timber can last more than 50 years.
• Minimum costs for building a foundation.

Disadvantages of wooden structures

Among the owners of wooden houses, there are also negative reviews. Their negative experience is reflected only in incorrectly and poorly selected material. Quite often there is material with defects and lack of treatment with an antiseptic. Also, when buying wood on the market, there is a possibility of getting damp wood with elements of mold or mildew. It is strictly not recommended to build a wooden house from such material; you must wait until the wood dries, so the owners get upset and have a negative experience.

Material selection

There are many materials that are used in the construction of houses. When the house design is ready, the question arises: what is the best material to build from? Having studied the reviews of owners of wooden cottages, we have selected the most widely used materials and will analyze them in detail below.

House made of timber with natural humidity

House made of timber natural humidity ideal for a summer residence. The types of wood used are spruce, cedar or pine. The constructed structure requires careful insulation with clapboard or blocking. As a result of insulation, a house made of timber with natural humidity loses its ability to “naturally breathe”, i.e. after its processing, the ecological level of such a structure decreases. As a result, air will only be able to enter through window or door openings, causing the wood to suffocate, which will trigger the formation of fungus or mold. An important point of such construction is the complication in the process of shrinkage of the house and the absence of horizontal shifts, so the walls should be assembled using wooden dowels. To ensure quality work on shrinking this timber, it is best to use the services of specialists. Thus, a house made of timber with natural moisture has a beautiful appearance, but from the point of view of the environmental friendliness of the material, it loses.

Structures made of laminated veneer lumber

This design cannot be classified as a building made from environmentally friendly material. In the production of the material, glue is used, with which all wood is impregnated. As a result, the tree loses its beneficial qualities and properties and begins to release substances hazardous to health. IN technological process When processing wood, resins are released that close the pores of the wood, causing it to simply stop breathing. When chamber drying, the wood is completely dried at the moment the timber is glued and placed into construction; the material absorbs moisture, which entails the formation of cracks. It is this indicator that reduces the popularity and demand for the construction of houses made of laminated veneer lumber. Based on all the information, we can conclude that this treatment entails the loss of all the natural qualities of the tree, therefore it is not advisable to build buildings from this material.

From discussions on the forum: “My personal experience showed that a house made of laminated veneer lumber is not the best option. The structure is constantly damp with the presence of fungus on the walls. I regret that I did not immediately consult about this material.”

Using rounded logs

Houses made of rounded logs are gaining great popularity in construction country houses. Due to the use of modern processing equipment, log products are smooth and uniform. These characteristics allow the logs to line up well without leaving gaps and cracks. Another advantage of this material is that it can be molded into any shape without any problems. This allows you to build a house from logs of any complexity of the architectural design. Despite all the positive aspects, there are nuances in working with this product. In the process of processing a rounded log, it is lost protective layer, and is preserved during manual cutting. If you want to increase the service life of a wooden house, we recommend treating it with high-quality antiseptics. The procedure for treating the structure must be repeated annually, this will increase the service life of the structure and give it a well-groomed appearance.

Hand-built structure

The expression “My home is my castle” is the best description of a hand-built house, and here’s why. Having studied the reviews of owners of hand-cut houses, it became clear that the construction of such structures is excellent value for money. Hand-cut logs are an ecological and natural material that is not subjected to any processing and does not carry any harmful substances. To obtain a log house, a tree of the required diameter is selected, which is sanded and sharpened; this procedure allows you to protect the material from external irritants. Of course, choosing the right logs is not an easy task, but it is real. This matter should be approached responsibly, because... The quality of the logs will determine the shrinkage of the house, the strength of the load-bearing partitions, the service life and the appearance of the structure. At the construction stage, an important point is the laying of the first crown, as well as the presence of the correct cuts. This will allow the tree to maintain the integrity of the side walls of the log and protect the structure from negative impact external environment. And at the end of construction, the entire structure is treated with tinting impregnation; it will allow the house to breathe and prevent the formation of fungus and the appearance of insects. Such a project has high environmental friendliness characteristics, and most importantly, its appearance can delight you for many years.

Based on all the characteristics obtained wooden materials, it is best to build a house from a hand-made log house. This material is successfully used in the West, because the wood is made without impurities or chemical treatments.

In principle, each material for building a house has its own undeniable advantages and disadvantages. The abundance of choice complicates the question of which house to build for permanent residence. One thing is for sure: for heavy and light materials, the main thing is skillful hands of the developer. An error in calculations will come back to haunt you in any case and will pop up the next day or 10 years later, when it will be very difficult to correct.

What material to choose, what is better and cheaper to build a house from? Let's carry out short review, as well as materials for their construction.

What are heavy and light materials?

Heavy materials for construction include, as the name suggests, stones, various blocks, bricks, slabs. Houses made of heavy materials also require an appropriate foundation. Most often, a strip type is used, but if the ground is not the best, it can be combined with a pile-screw type.

When it comes to lightweight materials, it means wood, frames. Of course, these are just conventional names for such houses, which does not mean that the house will be really light in the end. For houses made of wood, it is better to choose the best possible one. stand for several hundred years and the foundation should not fail.

For frames you can save a little, simply choosing the pile option. The shelf life of frame wood is up to 100 years, so if the soil allows you to save money, this is quite realistic.

Brick is expensive, but lasts forever

As they say, a brick can handle anything: hurricanes, frosts, unbearable heat - the natural mood is changeable.

However, this material can withstand even more.

According to statistics, the “shelf life” of a brick house reaches 200 years.

Due to the fact that the material has been in use by builders for a very long time, usually there are no problems with hiring craftsmen.

The range of types of bricks also suits every taste:

1. Ceramic brick is made from clay by molding it and calcining it in special ovens. Possesses high level of strength, refers to environmentally friendly materials for construction. Of course, if it is made with high quality and production standards are met. It can be solid or hollow (up to 50% voids inside). For construction, the second subtype is a priority, since the more voids in the body of the material, the higher its heat-retaining property.
2. Sand-lime brick is made from lime and sand. It is white and looks great, especially the solid variety. Lightweight sand-lime brick - looks very sloppy, but has higher thermal insulation properties.
3. Ordinary and front subtypes of bricks will also find application in the construction of a permanent house. Ordinary - in the interior masonry, front - will decorate the house outside.

Be sure to pay attention to the labeling before ordering a batch of material. It is done in order to know whether masonry made of a particular brick will withstand the weight of the structure and natural phenomena. Usually the material is marked with the letter “M” with two or three numbers. Minimum strength value for square centimeter– 75, maximum – 200.

Important: When building a basement, the minimum strength is 150; when building a two-story house, you should purchase batches with strength from M125. The more floors, the heavier the attic, the higher the coefficient should be; accordingly, the brick will be heavier, and the cost per cubic meter of material will be higher.

For construction in Russia, especially in the outback, it is very important to take into account the fact that frosts in winter can become severe. Frost resistance is marked “F”, and the indicator varies from 15 to 100.

For cladding a house in a temperate climate, the F50 marking is used; F25 masonry can be done inside. The higher the marking indicator, the greater the number of times the brick will survive freezing without damage to the structure.

Brief summary and characteristics of the material:

• you will get an expensive house frame and foundation;
• very expensive, presentable appearance of the final work;
• phenomenal durability;
• precipitation, temperature changes don’t matter;
• excellent fire resistance;
• difficult to display the box;
• quite “dirty” construction, you need a lot of extra space around.

Conclusion: brick construction is a costly and labor-intensive process.

However, all costs, including financial ones, will be more than compensated for in the long life of the building. Properly selected bricks and competent builders extend the life of a house to 100-200 years without changing the original characteristics.

Concrete blocks

Second most popular display material load-bearing walls, in comparison with brick. Strong material, more advantageous in financially and much easier to build. In summer the house stays cool, in winter it stays warm and cozy, precipitation and other natural phenomena are not dangerous quality concrete block.

Advantages of building with concrete blocks:

1. The first thing I would like to note is the fire resistance of the material. Concrete does not burn, so, unlike building with wood, the house is safe from external fires and will withstand direct fire for several hours.
2. The material tolerates frost well.
3. For those who care good sound insulation in the house, construction from concrete blocks is suitable. Thanks to the structure of the concrete itself, no extraneous noise will be heard in the house.
4. At proper construction, the thermal insulation is quite good. In combination with an external, well-built heating circuit, you can achieve good savings on heating your home.
5. A building made from blocks, like brick, can be used for a long time. On average, without overhaul the house will delight you for 80-120 years.
6. Concrete blocks do not rot, do not become covered with mold and mildew.
7. The versatility of the material allows you to build residential buildings, garages, and multi-story buildings any type.

The disadvantages include unpresentable appearance of the house without finishing. Therefore, when calculating the construction budget, the external “marathon” should also be taken into account. In addition, construction should only be done in dry weather and takes a fair amount of time, partly due to the changeable weather. Because of high level groundwater in some areas of the country, waterproofing may be necessary.

What you need to know about concrete blocks?

Concrete blocks come in several types and differ from each other:

• brand (from 50 to 100) - this is an indicator of the strength of the product;
• frost resistance - from 15 to 200.

Strength markings must comply total mass the buildings. That is, for a basement - the highest value, for a house with 2 floors - approximately M75 (depending on the size of the attic). Frost resistance, as already discussed, depends on the location of the future building.

Very important for quality construction explore the soil under the house site. To do this, it is better to play it safe and hire specialists, which will also be very expensive. But, if you choose the wrong type of foundation and the building begins to slide, the costs will be even greater. For “turbulent” lands, a monolithic type of foundation is suitable (if the house is not large), as well as pile and strip.

Conclusion: Concrete blocks are only slightly inferior in quality to brick.

However price and ease of construction are more attractive, if you choose between these two materials. There may be additional costs for waterproofing as well as external insulation and finishing.

Construction from natural stones

People have been using natural stones for a very long time. Many old-timers remember the times when construction from this material cost a penny, since the stone was not very valued and was simply mined. Natural stone was especially available in areas close to the mining site.

Now the situation has changed radically and we can afford Construction from sandstones, shell rock, granite, basalt is sometimes more expensive than we would like. Things are more or less good with natural stone construction near the mountains, that is, near the mining site.

Advantages using natural stone for building a house:

• for non-remote areas this material will be inexpensive; the further away from the mining sites, the more expensive high-quality material will cost;
• the material is the cleanest in environmental terms of all heavy building materials;
• the blocks are quite large, so construction will not take longer;
• depending on the deposit, the porosity of the shell rock is different, which means the thermal conductivity changes;
• good sound insulation;
• It survives all weather changes well, does not rot, and does not become covered with bacteria if built correctly.

Like any other material, natural stones have their own flaws:

• heavy: you need a good, expensive foundation and additional expenses during the construction of the box;
• the different shapes of each block create additional difficulties during joining; more cement will be required;
• very serious waterproofing is required: the material absorbs moisture;
• The facade of the shell rock wall is finished using a reinforced mesh, otherwise everything will quickly fly around.

Conclusion: minor difficulties associated with construction more than pay off, due to the fact that the material is environmentally friendly, the house will last a long time.

By choosing the right stone in terms of density (all natural stones are also marked), it is possible to equip both the basement and the upper floors with it. And the cost per cube will depend on the customer’s area of ​​residence.

Construction from thermal panels

Thermal panels or panels from are a relatively new product for construction. If the material for construction is selected based on savings, first of all, then you can take a closer look at this option. Frame thermal panels declare themselves as the most heat-saving material. In addition, building a house from new material is quite fast.

The panel consists of clinker tiles and thermal insulation in the form of polystyrene foam. The main disadvantage of frame thermal panels is that they 100% synthetic material. That is, for connoisseurs of environmentally friendly buildings, the panels will not be suitable under any circumstances. The material does not absorb moisture, is not subject to destruction, withstands compression very well, pressure from all sides, does not burn, and perfectly withstands any natural changes.

Other dignity panels:

• excellent appearance;
• in tandem with thermal panels outside, heat loss is immediately reduced by 30-35%;
• very tight joining of panels, thanks to their precise cutting.

TO shortcomings It has already been said that they are not environmentally friendly. In addition, you can supplement this list with the fact that additional panels of corner shapes are needed to decorate the shape of the house. These building materials have passed all known tests and meet modern requirements.

Conclusion: the use of frame thermal panels is an economical option that provides a very solid appearance to the finished building.

The outside of the house without exterior finishing will be similar to brickwork. The clinker board is connected to polystyrene foam with a special high-quality construction adhesive under high pressure, which ensures high strength of the final work.

Which house is better?

Wooden houses

Most environmentally friendly clean look the buildings. Forest has long been used for construction. The best trees for building a house - pine, cedar and larch. Coniferous trees are less susceptible to fungal attack, have good performance resistance to weather conditions. Larch material does not rot or rot. Natural resin has bactericidal properties.

Since time immemorial, humanity has built its houses from clean, breathable natural material– wood. A huge number of surviving architectural monuments are built of wood. The durability of such buildings amounts to hundreds of years and is amazing.

Wooden houses made of larch

It’s not for nothing that this wood is called “iron”; those who have dealt with this material know that this wood very dense and heavy. It has an amazing quality for wood - increased fire resistance. Over time, larch only becomes denser; it is the only tree that doesn't rot at all.

In addition, for people with respiratory problems, doctors strongly recommend visiting the larch forest. It turns out that living in a house made of this material is three times better for your health. Great house for living with family, children.

Cedar houses

One of the most expensive materials for construction is oak. It is close in density to larch trees and can withstand phenomenal loads. A house built from this material can withstand an earthquake of up to magnitude 7. In addition, cedar has thermal insulation properties, more than other trees.

House made of pine timber

Most popular material in construction, due to the lower cost per cubic meter of material. This material has good thermal insulation, allows you to build a house on 2-3 floors. Right prefabricated house will last at least 150 years with timely care and replacement of the lower crowns.

Log house

This construction technology has been developed over centuries and has reached us in its most refined form. The trunk is cleared of bark and dried for a long time under natural conditions.

Professional builders know that material that is dried under a roof or a canopy on the street retains its properties much longer than those dried in the dryers of timber processing enterprises.

Log houses are unique; each house can be completely different from the others. A well-built wooden house retains heat perfectly.

In room there will always be a healthy microclimate, clean air. The disadvantages include the cost of construction and its duration.

First, timber is purchased and dried under the flooring for at least 3-4 months, then the box is assembled. The work of the craftsmen also costs a pretty penny. Then the log house (read:) must stand for a year or two, otherwise it will move and cracks will appear. After shrinking, you can do finishing, install water, connect to electricity, install windows, and the like. All this takes a lot of money and time.

How log houses are made:

1. The largest, resinous and thick logs are placed in the first rows - the crown of the log house. Waterproofing must be provided before installation. You can use roofing felt, waterproofing material, etc.
2. In each subsequent log, a longitudinal notch is made for closer contact between the rows of logs. In this way all rows are assembled.
3. After the initial shrinkage (about 3 months), the logs are marked, disassembled and reassembled, laying all longitudinal grooves with moss, tow or modern materials.
4. After complete shrinkage (1.5 years), the logs are caulked using insulation. Caulking is done only after the roof and windows are ready.
5. Sometimes after 5-7 years, when complete shrinkage occurs, you have to caulk again, as new gaps appear and the heat blows out.

Of course, these steps are described only in general outline, but this will allow us to better visualize the stages of construction of a log house.

Conclusion: building a log house is a way to show your imagination to the fullest. The design of such a house can be absolutely anything. The thickness of the walls and the lower crown make the building not only warm, but also the most durable from all other wooden buildings.

Construction from rounded logs

Construction from rounded logs is the use of even logs of equal size and diameter, which manufactured industrially. Of course, you can use your golden hands to prepare the material, but, as practice shows, this is a long and labor-intensive task.

After the purchase, according to the construction plan, the customer receives a ready-made log impregnated with special compounds, which only needs to be assembled into a log house. The larger the house is planned, the larger the diameter of the log should be. Thanks to high-quality processing, the logs fit together well and each crown “sits” well on the previous one.

The method of building from rounded logs is similar to the chopped method. The advantages of this type of construction can be considered environmental friendliness and beautiful appearance, even without exterior decoration. By the way, it is not at all mandatory for most regions of the country.

Conclusion: ordering and purchasing a rounded log will cost more than purchasing unprocessed wood and stripping the bark, processing and grinding the log yourself. But, in any case, houses are made of such material they look very nice and respectable. The house will be warm, breathable, environmentally friendly.

Frame houses

Another subtype of construction, which is considered very new and tempting for its speed of construction.

A rigid frame is assembled from timber, between load-bearing beams base material is installed.

Less commonly, a frame is made from metal beams; they will be discussed below.

1. Frame-panel. A frame is built from beams, sheathed from the inside and outside slabs made of large chips or others; insulation is laid between the slab material. The main advantage is the speed of construction. Among the shortcomings - the need to use special equipment.
2. SIP panels. These panels consist of insulation (expanded polystyrene) covered on both sides with OSB boards. Walls, ceilings, and floors are built from this material. These panels are smaller than in the case of frame-panel house, so there is no need for a crane and you can build a building with your own hands. Of all the frames, this method is the easiest for novice builders.
3. Frame houses. Compared to others, such a building will cost the least. The frame is assembled from thick boards and placed on a foundation box. You can use laminated veneer lumber rather than boards (half-timbered frame-frame construction method). The finished frame is filled with brick, stones, double-glazed windows, and wood.
4. Metallo frame houses. The construction principle is similar to the previous ones, with the exception of the frame material. Are used metal bases , in combination with insulated slabs. Such houses are considered lightweight, with a service life of about 80 years (according to the warranty from the manufacturers of such frames, which is not possible to verify). Despite the thermal profile used, heating such a house will definitely cost more money than its wooden “brother.”

Conclusion: construction frame method– clean, inexpensive.

In addition, little space is needed; construction can be carried out “from the body”, without unloading panels and material, if the space on the site does not allow or is occupied by plantings. To increase the lifespan of a frame house, it is important to correctly calculate and design the frame itself, take the foundation seriously.

What is the cheapest material to build a permanent house from?

As already noted, a house that will stand for centuries is a priori expensive for its owner at the time of construction. However, for budget construction there is an innovation of recent decades - framers.

The lighter the walls, the cheaper it will cost. If you use inexpensive SIP panels, the price will become even lower. However, many are distrustful of the walls of the house, which can be pierced with a large knife using a lot of force.

Heavy materials are the cheapest for construction made of cellular concrete or thermal panels. Construction will be expensive made of bricks and ceramic blocks. For these buildings, the cost of work will be higher, since the blocks themselves are not easy to lift.

The same conditions will apply to the foundation: the more durable, stronger, the more expensive it will be both in terms of materials and labor costs. Optimal installation for a small house pile foundation , if there is an idea to add a 2nd floor or nice attic– it’s better to play it safe.

What to build a house from on a small plot?

To organize construction from heavy materials, you need a wide area. The site will need to be divided into zones for the foundation, for placing a warehouse with material (minimum - a shed), for mixing concrete. It is also worth thinking about the pile of garbage that will certainly accumulate.

Debris, packaging, empty boxes, defective material and similar work issues. Workers need a place to at least have lunch or take a “smoke break”.

It is worth paying attention to the construction from frame thermal panels. Despite the fact that this material is more heavy, you can build with it directly from the car. In terms of timing, finances and local costs, this is a profitable material.

As for lightweight materials, the work will require a much smaller area. Most of all - for working with timber, log, will take the least frame, especially from SIP panels. If the plot is extremely small, there are already plantings or there is only room for a house, it is better to give preference to wood and frames.

What is the final cost of construction?

When evaluating and comparing materials, the question involuntarily arises: what else, besides the main raw materials, will the money be spent on?

Not every site owner can immediately put on the table in front of the builders the amount that will be required for turnkey construction.

Usually, especially for young families, it is customary to divide the work into parts and build it in stages.

So, the total amount will be the sum of:

• complexity of the shape of the house, its number of storeys (complicating the work of the team);
• internal layout;
• insulation;
• external finishing;
• roofing costs;
• building materials;
• foundation – almost 40% of all costs;
• interior decoration;
• heaviness of the base material;
• additional accessories;
• conducting communications;
• waterproofing;
• installation of a heating system;
• other minor expenses.

The list is quite impressive. Depending on the choice of material, it can either increase or decrease. However, building your own home is a real possibility. way to create really cozy home dreams, which everyone has fantasized about in one way or another.

The abundance of building materials in our time is growing every year. The search for the ideal material will probably continue for hundreds of years. However, in order to build a good-quality house in which it will not be cold, scary or expensive to live in, it is worth turning to materials that have been proven over centuries.

There will always be no competition brick and wood. These are the most reliable, long-lived houses that are inexpensive to operate and are good in terms of environmental friendliness. If the issue is financial, it’s better to choose modern methods: frame houses, thermal panels.

Average houses by money investment – from sand blocks, sand cement blocks, concrete blocks etc. Block buildings retain heat well in winter, as they cool down for quite a long time, and in summer the room remains pleasantly cool.

Construction of a house, regardless of what time of year it will be built, requires careful selection of materials.

Another important search factor suitable wood The climate of the area in which the house will be located also changes.

Taking into account all the required characteristics of the material, as well as the personal preferences of the owners (regarding the width of the beam or log, colorful structure), you should find suitable option. That is why short description each type of wood will help answer the question: what kind of wood is better to build a house from?

Pine houses

Traditional wooden houses built from pine have long come into use. And the reason here, perhaps, lies in certain customs that the people have adopted since time immemorial.

In addition, this material has a low price category.

The density of pine is sufficient to ensure living in a truly warm and reliable house. But it is worth remembering that all coniferous trees can succumb to blueing due to the appearance of various harmful fungi. In particular, this can be avoided if, before construction, reliable protection of the wood from various harmful effects is ensured.

It is also necessary to remember that if this ailment does appear, the problem can be solved locally and there should be no reason for concern. By treating wood with special compounds, you can completely eliminate blue stains and bring it to its original, normal appearance. In addition, these compositions will not affect humans in any way. But if the owner still does not want to carry out the treatment in the presence of the family, you can take a short vacation and go on a trip at this time.

The most important is the ubiquity of pine, which has become a significant indicator of its price category. A large number of companies offer to purchase this material at a discount or initially at a low cost.

But it is worth remembering that the construction process from pine is optimal in winter period. Thus, any problems with the appearance of fungus will be nipped in the bud - this is a significant advantage of the material.

Spruce houses

Spruce also refers to coniferous species and therefore its qualities differ slightly from the pine discussed above. But there are also some other properties.

For example, the looseness of the material is slightly higher, and this is worth remembering when starting construction. However, a large number of modern processing compounds will also make it possible to reliably protect it from fungus. But the most interesting thing is that houses made of spruce are somewhat warmer than pine buildings. The fact is that the material itself, due to its “looseness,” allows external cold to pass through much worse in winter, and is also “reluctant” to give off coolness in the summer.

The cost of spruce is slightly higher. And the difference will become noticeable only if the structure being built has a really large area. For small houses the difference will be almost imperceptible.

Susceptibility to fungal diseases and bluing is as common among spruces as it is among pines. But there is a panacea for this - an antiseptic. And besides, the level of diseases among this tree species in conditions of high humidity, as well as various additional factors, is somewhat lower. And if the problem with the appearance of sapwood paint frightens the buyer, then it is worth giving preference to this particular material.

Construction, as in the case of using pine, is best carried out in winter, but using exclusively high-quality dried materials.

Larch house

This material occupies a special place among all tree species that are selected for construction.

First of all, it is worth noting the insignificant sapwood, which, when removed, allows you to simplify the task as much as possible with the possibility of blue discoloration. She will simply be absent.

The heat that larch provides in a house is slightly higher than that of spruce and significantly higher than that of pine. That is why this wood recommended for use in areas with frequent frosts. It will allow you to maintain comfort and warmth in the owner’s home even in extreme cold.

Another advantage of this type of wood is its high resistance to water. Even if water constantly falls on the tree, it will not become wet and significantly absorb moisture.

But quite the opposite - it will only become harder. This feature allows the material to be used in areas with high precipitation and high humidity. Her positive properties will completely eliminate the presence of any problems for the long-term operation of the structure.

In addition to the above characteristics, larch is also minimally susceptible to various pests. In particular, her additional processing special compounds are simply not required. That is why it is used in areas where there are a large number of different insects that can destroy the structure of the tree.

There will be no savings, since wood is quite expensive and not every buyer, unfortunately, can afford to use larch as the main building material for a house.

But if the customer wants to become the owner of a truly amazing structure, then the final amount will be fully recouped over many years of use.

In addition, larch is minimally susceptible to fire. That is why it is recommended to use it in areas with too much high temperature in summer, because it is almost twice as fire resistant as pine logs and timber.

Larch also has a rather original wood pattern, which allows it to be used to build the most unusual and exclusive houses. The color can vary from light brown to dark, almost black, depending on the age of the tree.

We should also not forget about such useful qualities wood as a beneficial effect on the human body. All residents of the houses noted a positive mood, increased tone and also improved blood circulation. According to the advice of doctors, it is best to live in such wooden houses for those buyers who, first of all, want to restore their level of health, improve their condition and, of course, raise healthy children.

Cedar houses

First of all, it should be noted that this material becomes the most optimal option when building houses with a large area.

The fact is that the height of the trees is sufficient to select materials for the construction of a large structure.

Also particularly important is the variety of wood shades. In particular it can be as light yellow tone, and amber with a pink sheen. All this allows you to build your dream home, which will be both beautiful and reliable.

Due to the lightness of wood, it can also be used with foundations with a smaller overall structure and more simple construction. In particular, when considering small buildings, you can resort to using cheaper, but no less durable foundations.

Cedar also has a fairly soft wood structure, which allows it to be used in a variety of forms. Processing is easy, given the scope of cutting and giving unusual and even non-standard forms. In particular, decorating a cedar house with various transitions and other original additions will not be difficult. And even platbands can be cut out of cedar in a minimum period of time. This will allow you to create a building in a more folk style or choose a designer one modern direction high tech and fully follow the drawn up project during construction.

Cedar is just as useful for the residents of the house as larch. It allows you to bring your body back to normal and feel not only cheerful, but also do your favorite things and hobbies enthusiastically at any convenient time.

Oak houses

Oak is one of the most delightful materials for construction. He has a lot positive characteristics and besides this, it is one of the largest types of trees used for country house construction.

The peculiarity of oak is the difference in shades of wood depending on the distance from the core. For example, rings located closer to the core will be light yellow or beige, but those further away have a richer brown tint.

The top layer is insignificant and therefore can be easily removed if desired.

The fact is that the core is considered the strongest part of the tree.

And for oak this figure is several times higher than the outer “shell”.

By using trees only over 30 years old in construction, it is possible to obtain wood with a mysterious wide pattern. But it’s worth remembering, a house made of oak - expensive pleasure. And in order to get all the desired qualities, you need to invest a fairly large amount of money.

Humidity has little effect on oak. And this characteristic is quite comparable with the stability of larch.

But the strength of oak significantly exceeds all other tree species. Oak may crack, but if treated correctly it will be practically unnoticeable. AND this process will occur evenly and accurately.

How to build a wooden house from rounded timber

It should be noted that oak itself is used in many construction industries and therefore find suitable Decoration Materials and additional oak accessories will not be difficult. So, creating a great building with really good performance will be a piece of cake.

Oak is a centuries-old tree and houses made from it are noble: durable, not exposed to moisture, neat and most importantly very beautiful. By choosing the right shade of materials, you can create a simpler style or give preference to a more sophisticated project.

Linden houses

Although many buyers do not consider this option as the main one, linden houses are also quite common.

The fact is that this wood does not have special heat retention, in accordance with the indicators of other species. That is why it is most often used for the construction of baths or any other non-residential buildings.

But at the same time it has an amazing appearance. Houses made of linden are light, delicate in color and can lift your spirits with their exterior alone and allow you to reach new heights.

The cost of this material is low, and therefore a house can be built from it at a more reasonable cost than from oak or cedar.

It is worth remembering that linden requires special pre-treatment so that no insect pests subsequently become the main problem for the residents of the house. Linden also helps normalize sleep. People living in linden houses noted its beneficial effects.

And this factor, due to the great turmoil modern world can never be overlooked.

Houses made of linden are reliable and durable. They will differ from similar buildings made of other wood. But at the same time, they can truly be called unique and inimitable. They will bring something new and light, pleasant and useful into the life of the owner. This material has its own harmony and charges all residents with it.

Choosing suitable material To build a house, you should never buy the first wood you like. It is necessary to familiarize yourself with all the characteristics of the area in which the structure will be erected. And it is also quite important to choose the “right” material. For example, you need to remember both the beauty of the wood and its pattern. All this will allow you to accurately execute the drafted project and get a truly amazing result.