A separate division of the city of Vladimir, LLC NPO Sever, is a plant equipped with equipment for the production of technical means for thermal stabilization of soils and engineering-geocryological monitoring. This plant is a full-fledged manufacturer of thermal stabilizers. The monthly production of thermal stabilizers is 2000 - 2500 pcs. (depending on standard sizes), plus related products. The manufacturer of thermal stabilizers has technical equipment, which allows you to carry out the entire production cycle without involving contractors. Installation work is currently underway automatic line, which will simplify the production of thermal stabilizers and increase the productivity of products. Warehouse stocks of raw materials, materials, components and semi-finished products allow us to quickly respond to the needs of Customers and deliver products in the shortest possible time.

Soil thermal stabilizers are manufactured in accordance with TU 3642-001-17556598-2014, certified under the voluntary certification system (ROSS RU.AV28.N16655) and in the field of industrial safety (S-EPB.001.TU.00121).

Pressing machines with a force of up to 100t. (Cold section

NPO Fundamentstroyarkos LLC is the largest enterprise in Russia producing temperature stabilization systems for permafrost soils. The company's production facilities have no analogues in the world, both in terms of manufacturability and volume of products.

Product output per month reaches up to 10,000 individual thermal stabilizers and 100 HET/BET systems. The company's production area is 17,150 sq.m.

In the manufacture of seasonal cooling devices in the production complex of NPO Fundamentstroyarkos, new, advanced technologies are used, which ensures the quality and efficiency of their work.

AUTOMATIC WELDING OF STEEL PIPES

The reliability of cryogenic devices filled with refrigerant and their ability to serve for decades depend, first of all, on the tightness of the structure, that is, on the quality of the welding seams. In order to minimize the influence of the human factor on the quality of welded joints, NPO Fundamentstroyarkos uses automatic contact - butt welding an arc rotating in a magnetic field. Diameter of welded steel pipes from 33.7 to 89 mm.

Advantages of automatic rotary arc welding:

• high productivity (welding duration up to 15 seconds);
• absolute tightness of the welded joint;
• equal strength of the weld and the pipe body;
• minimum height of external and internal flashing;
• no need for non-destructive testing of welds;
• high degree of automation.

Computer control of welding parameters in the manufacture of heat stabilizers is carried out 100% by the operator and the technical control department.

After welding each weld, data about the welded joint is automatically displayed on the computer monitor, then a conclusion about the suitability or unsuitability of the joint is displayed.

Along with computer control of welds, visual measurement control (VII) and periodic mechanical tests for tensile and bending are performed.

ROBOTIC WELDING COMPLEX

To automate the welding process of heat-transfer elements of capacitor units, a robotic welding complex with numerical program control is used.

This unique equipment allows automatic consumable electrode welding in shielding gases and mixtures. Welding torches are installed on two manipulators and positioned in space with six degrees of freedom. Welding is performed with two torches simultaneously according to a program preset by the operator.

Reliable welding sources together with the original CNC system ensure repeatability of weld geometry and their quality, with minimal impact on welding from the human factor.

GALVANIZING

The use of zinc coating of pipes and parts, especially those located in the underground part, can increase the reliability and increase the service life of cooling devices up to 50 years.

The automatic line for applying protective zinc coating consists of 4 sections: pipe preparation, degreasing, shot blasting and application of zinc coating using gas-thermal electric arc metallization.

In addition to corrosion resistance in the soil, the zinc coating significantly reduces temperature losses, which allows the soil temperature to be reduced by an additional 2-3 C.

FINING

The most important component of soil thermal stabilization systems is fast and stable heat transfer from the condenser part.

To quickly remove heat and condense the refrigerant, NPO Fundamentstroyarkos LLC uses original bimetallic structures with a finned surface, which have advantages over the developments of competitors. A larger fin surface area provides a significant increase in heat transfer. In addition, aluminum alloys are used with a thermal conductivity coefficient 4 times greater than the paint-coated steel used by competitors.

The original design of the finned capacitor part ensures it effective work in any wind direction or air flow forced cooling.

AUTOMATIC REFRIGERANT CHARGING

The process of filling thermostabilizers with refrigerant has been brought to full automation, with 100% computer control. One of the directions for increasing the efficiency of thermostabilizing systems is the use of “clean” refrigerants with a degree of purification from impurities (water and non-condensing gases) of 100%.

Studies have shown that even 0.2% impurities in carbon dioxide can significantly affect the operation of thermal stabilizers. To carry out additional purification of carbon dioxide, NPO Fundamentstroyarkos has manufactured and put into operation a 4-stage carbon dioxide purification unit, which makes it possible to avoid using CO2 as supplied and to obtain a 100th degree of purification.

TESTING HEAT STABILIZERS IN A CLIMATE CHAMBER

Especially important stage in the production of individual thermal stabilizers - testing of finished cooling devices for performance in special climatic chambers.

Carrying out tests on a daily basis allows us to evaluate the subsequent performance of thermal stabilizers even at the production stage, while immediately eliminating inoperative devices; previously this could only be done after installing cooling devices.

The climate chamber allows for research work to improve and modernize thermal stabilizers. The installation is equipped with control and measuring instruments that provide automatic data collection from the experimental thermal stabilizer.

LASER CUTTING AND BENDING OF SHEET MATERIALS

NPO Fundamentstroyarkos LLC has its own production facilities on processing sheet metal and steel pipes. High-tech Swiss equipment with numerical control is used.

A laser and plasma cutting installation for sheet metal processing allows high-quality and fast industrial cutting of parts various configurations. The press brake with a bending force of 250 tons and three-point sheet bending technology ensures bending accuracy (0.25 degrees) on the finished part in 15 minutes.

PLASMA CUTTING OF STEEL PIPE AND SHEET METAL

5-axis plasma pipe cutting installations make it possible to efficiently and quickly prepare steel pipe blanks for assembly and welding.

With one installation, we get a finished part with cut holes for reinforcement, already with a chamfer. The part is cut both at right angles and with a bevel for welding. Marking, drilling, chamfering manually are eliminated, the time for manufacturing parts is reduced by at least 2 times.

The diameter of the processed pipes is 40…430 mm. The length of the processed pipe is up to 6000 mm.

PACKAGING AND TRANSPORTATION

Each package containing Fundamentstroyarkos products undergoes the following control operations before shipment to the consumer:

• control of products before they are placed in packaging;
• quality control of boxes and lids before installation;
• control of product placement in packaging;
• quality control of assembled packaging (with products inside);
• control of packaging labeling, application of automatic transmission, availability of accompanying documentation.

High-quality packaging of finished products, preventing damage during transportation, is a significant advantage of Fundamentstroyarkos over its competitors. Thermal stabilizers and GET/VET systems are delivered from Tyumen to facilities under construction by all means of transport.

When delivered to areas Far North Combined logistics is often used:

• By railway with reloading onto vehicles;
• by road and then by air;
• by rail with transshipment onto barges, and then air transportation, or by road along the winter road;
• any other options that involve not only loading and unloading, but also complex transshipment operations.

That's why original designs and packaging schemes of NPO FSA LLC exclude external influence on the cargo and displacement of packaged products during transportation and loading and unloading operations. All boxes are marked indicating the center of gravity and slinging locations. Inside the boxes, the cargo is securely secured, the effects of shocks and impacts (railway transportation), uneven roads and winter roads are provided for, possible mistakes third-party organizations in complex logistics.

The invention relates to construction in permafrost zones, namely to soil thermal stabilizers for freezing foundations. The soil thermal stabilizer contains a sealed vertically located housing with a coolant, in the upper and lower parts of which there are heat exchange zones. In this case, a ring-shaped insert having an increased specific surface area is installed in at least one heat exchange zone. Outside surface insert is in contact with inner surface housings in the heat exchange zone. The cross-sectional area of ​​the ring-shaped insert does not exceed 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing cavity. The technical result consists in increasing the heat transfer characteristics while maintaining the compactness of the thermal stabilizer, as well as increasing the efficiency of the soil thermal stabilizer. 5 salary f-ly, 3 ill.

The invention relates to construction in permafrost zones, for example near piles of power transmission line supports, oil and gas pipelines and other construction projects, namely to soil thermal stabilizers for freezing foundations.

A two-phase thermosyphon is known, containing at least one sealed housing partially filled with coolant with zones of evaporation and condensation and a radiator with longitudinal ribs located in the last zone (Thermopiles in construction in the north. - L.: Stroyizdat, 1984, p. 12).

A two-phase thermosyphon is also known, containing at least one sealed housing partially filled with coolant with zones of evaporation and condensation and a radiator with longitudinal ribs located in the last zone (Russian Patent 96939 IPC F28D 15/00 dated 02/18/2010).

The disadvantage of known thermosyphons is their relatively low efficiency, which is why transfer of large heat flows requires a significant increase in the weight and size characteristics of a two-phase thermosyphon.

The design described in the article posted on the Internet at: http://iheatpipe.ru/doc/termostab.pdf was chosen as a prototype. The article says that “in cases made of any steel, it is necessary to create a capillary structure in the evaporation zone (screw thread, spiral, grooves, mesh, etc.). It should be noted that in the TS (thermal stabilizer) from aluminum alloys(TMD-5 of all models, TTM and DOU-1) if necessary on the inner surface of the evaporation zone, and in other vehicles springs or spirals are almost always used. So, for example, in vehicles of type TSG-6, TN and TSN, the capillary structure is made in the form of spiral turns made of stainless wire with a diameter of (0.8-1.2) mm with a spiral pitch of 10 mm on the inner surface of the ZI DT.” However, the structure options proposed in the article (screw threads, grooves, mesh, etc.) are very difficult to manufacture on the inner surface of pipes, which is why the option with a spiral was proposed. In addition, the dimensions given in the article (a spiral of wire with a diameter of 0.8-1.2 mm with a pitch of 10 mm) do not allow us to talk about the capillarity of the structure in the evaporation zone. The proposed spiral or spring slightly increases the heat transfer area and is insufficiently efficient.

The objective of the present invention is to create a soil thermal stabilizer, made in the form of a heat pipe with a positive orientation, with an increased heat exchange area to improve heat transfer characteristics.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the soil thermal stabilizer, increase the heat transfer characteristics while maintaining its compactness.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that the soil thermal stabilizer contains a sealed vertically located housing with a coolant. Heat exchange zones are located in the upper and lower parts of the housing. In this case, a ring-shaped insert having an increased specific surface area is installed in at least one heat exchange zone. The outer surface of the ring-shaped insert is in contact with the inner surface of the housing in the heat exchange zone, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the ring-shaped insert does not exceed 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal cavity of the housing.

The ring-shaped insert can be made of metal with a spongy structure, randomly tangled metal wire, or a set of fine-mesh thin metal flat meshes.

The ring-shaped insert at one end can be equipped with a corrugated cone-shaped ring. Moreover, the diameter internal hole the cone-shaped ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring-shaped insert. On outer surface The cone-shaped ring has projections for contact with the inner surface of the housing.

The solution proposed in the invention makes it possible to increase the heat exchange area in the soil thermal stabilizer by more than 15 times without increasing the external dimensions of the device.

The invention is further illustrated detailed description specific, but not limiting, examples of this solution, examples of its implementation and attached drawings, which depict:

fig. 1 - an embodiment of a soil thermal stabilizer with a ring-shaped insert from a set of fine-mesh thin metal flat meshes;

fig. 2 - an embodiment of a soil thermal stabilizer with a ring-shaped insert made of randomly tangled metal wire;

fig. 3 - corrugated ring.

A soil thermal stabilizer with a ring-shaped insert made from a set of fine-mesh thin metal flat meshes is shown schematically in Fig. 1. The heat stabilizer consists of a sealed vertically located housing 1, made, for example, in the form of a hollow cylinder. The ends of the housing 1 are hermetically sealed on both sides with lids 2. Inside the housing 1 there are two heat exchange zones in its upper and lower parts. Housing 1 in the area of ​​the upper heat exchange zone is equipped with a radiator, the heat-removing elements of which are plates 3 mounted on the outer surface of housing 1. A coolant is poured into the internal cavity of housing 1, which can be freon or ammonia or some other known coolant.

The ring-shaped insert proposed according to the invention can be installed both in the upper heat exchange zone and in the lower zone. However, it is preferable to install a ring-shaped insert in both zones. Structurally, the ring-shaped insert can be made in the form of a cassette 4, as shown in Fig. 1. Cassette 4 consists of a set of rings made of mesh or a set of plates with many holes. Cassette 4 consists of two end plates 7, which are tightened by longitudinal rods 6 using nuts 5. Between the end plates 7 there is a set of rings made of mesh or plates with holes. The outer diameter of the cassette 4 is made equal to the inner diameter of the casing 1. The cassette 4 is installed in the casing 1 with an interference fit, for which the casing 1 is heated and the cassette is cooled, after which the cassette is installed in the casing 1. This installation makes it possible to achieve a tight fit of the insert to the casing 1. Additionally it is possible to install a corrugated ring 8, shown in Fig. 3. The corrugated ring 8 has an internal diameter smaller than the internal diameter of the ring-shaped insert, which allows you to catch cooled drops of coolant freely falling inside the cavity of the insert and direct them to the inner surface of the housing 1, which allows you to increase the degree of cooling of the housing in this area.

A ring-shaped insert made of metal with a spongy structure with open pores can have a similar design.

In fig. Figure 2 shows the design of a soil thermal stabilizer, in body 1 of which a ring-shaped insert made of randomly tangled metal wire is installed. The insert is installed in the upper heat exchange zone. The thermal stabilizer consists of a housing 1, made in the form of a hollow cylinder. The ends of the housing 1 are hermetically sealed on both sides with covers 2 (the second cover is not shown in Fig. 2). Housing 1 in the upper heat exchange zone is equipped with a radiator, the heat-removing elements of which are plates 3 mounted on the outer surface of housing 1.

Structurally, the ring-shaped insert made of randomly tangled metal wire can also be made in the form of a cassette 9, as shown in Fig. 2. The cassette 9 consists of a tangled metal wire (not indicated in Fig. 2) located between two end plates 7, which are tightened by longitudinal rods 6 using nuts 5. The ring-shaped insert made of randomly tangled metal wire has the shape of a cylinder. Inside the cylinder of tangled metal wire there is a spacer spiral spring 10. After installing the cassette into the body 1 of the heat stabilizer, the spacer spiral spring 10 is compressed by tightening the nuts 5. At the same time, the spacer spiral spring 10 expands and presses the outer side of the cylinder of tangled metal wire to the inner surface of the body 1 The design of cassette 9 allows the insert made of chaotically tangled metal wire to be pressed quite firmly against the inner wall of housing 1, which ensures maximum heat transfer.

The thermostabilizer works as follows. The thermal stabilizer is a heat pipe with a positive orientation according to GOST 23073-78, i.e. The condensation region is located above the evaporative region of the heat pipe.

IN winter time year, the coolant, entering the upper heat exchange zone, is cooled. This is facilitated low temperatures ambient air. The cooled coolant in the form of drops falls under the influence of gravity into the lower heat exchange zone. For greater cooling efficiency, the upper heat exchange zone is equipped with a radiator made in the form of plates 3 installed on the outer surface of the housing 1. The invention can significantly increase the cooling efficiency by increasing the heat exchange area due to the use of an insert having an increased specific surface area.

In the lower heat exchange zone of the thermostabilizer, heat exchange occurs between the coolant and low temperature and soil having a temperature higher than the temperature of the coolant liquid. The coolant liquid heats up, turns into a gaseous state and rises up through the central hole of the housing 1 and the ring-shaped insert, while the soil outside building 1 is frozen. When using a ring-shaped insert with an increased specific surface area, the efficiency of heat transfer increases, however, the transverse area of ​​the ring-shaped insert should not exceed 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal cavity of housing 1. When up to 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing cavity 1 is occupied by the insert, there is no reduction in speed movement of coolant vapor, which does not impair the efficiency of heat transfer. If the cross-sectional area of ​​the insert exceeds 20%, then the rate of rise of the coolant is significantly reduced and the efficiency of heat transfer is reduced.

Also, to increase the operating efficiency of the thermal stabilizer, it is possible to use a corrugated ring 8, which allows the coolant to be directed in the form of drops from the central axial zone of the thermal stabilizer to the wall of the housing 1, which also increases the operating efficiency.

The use of the proposed soil thermal stabilizer according to the invention can significantly increase the efficiency of its operation, while its external dimensions do not change.

1. A soil thermal stabilizer containing a sealed vertically located housing with a coolant, in the upper and lower parts of which there are heat exchange zones, and in at least one heat exchange zone a ring-shaped insert is installed, having an increased specific surface area, the outer surface of the insert is in contact with the inner surface of the housing in heat exchange zone, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ring-shaped insert does not exceed 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing cavity.

2. The soil thermal stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring-shaped insert is made of metal with a sponge structure with open through pores.

3. The soil thermal stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring-shaped insert is made of randomly tangled metal wire.

4. Soil thermal stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring-shaped insert is a set of fine-mesh thin metal flat meshes.

5. The soil thermal stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring-shaped insert is made in the form of a cassette.

6. The soil thermal stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that at one end the ring-shaped insert is equipped with a corrugated cone-shaped ring, and the diameter of the inner hole of the ring is less than the inner diameter of the insert, and on the outer surface of the ring there are protrusions for contact with the inner surface of the housing.

Similar patents:

The invention relates to the construction of industrial and civil facilities in the permafrost zone in order to ensure their reliability. The thermosyphon includes a condenser, an evaporator and a transit section between them in the form of a round pipe plugged on both sides, vertically installed and immersed to the depth of the evaporator in the ground, air is pumped out from the pipe cavity, instead the cavity is filled with ammonia, part of the cavity is filled with liquid ammonia, the rest is filled with saturated ammonia steam.

The invention relates to the field of construction in areas with complex engineering and geocryological conditions and can be used for thermal stabilization of permafrost and freezing of weak plastically frozen soils.

The invention relates to the field of construction on permafrost soils with artificial cooling of foundation soils and simultaneous heating of the structure using a heat pump.

The invention relates to devices for heat exchange in drainage system, as well as on construction site. A heat exchange device in a drainage system includes a heat exchange component having an outer channel and an inner channel, the inner channel being located inside the outer channel.

The invention relates to the field of construction in areas where permafrost soils are distributed and, specifically, to devices that ensure the frozen state of the soils of the foundations of structures at a design value of negative temperature.

The invention relates to the construction of hydraulic structures and can be used to create an enclosing structure designed to protect a floating production platform in the ice conditions of the Arctic shelf.

The invention relates to construction, namely to devices used for thermal reclamation of foundation soils of structures erected in areas of permafrost and seasonal permafrost. A cooling device for thermal stabilization of foundation soils of buildings and structures contains a vertical two-phase thermal stabilizer, the underground part of which is placed in a case filled with a heat-conducting liquid and secured using radial and thrust bearings, ensuring free rotation of the thermal stabilizer body around vertical axis, due to the force of the wind flowing onto the cup-blades of the wind wheel, mounted on the above-ground part of the thermostabilizer at an angle of 120 degrees relative to each other. The technical result consists in ensuring uniform distribution of heat flow in the soil-case-thermostabilizer system by ensuring the flow of refrigerant from the condensation zone to the evaporation zone in the form of a thin annular film along the inner perimeter of the thermostabilizer body, as well as creating forced convection of the coolant in the case, increasing operating efficiency devices. 2 ill.

The invention relates to the field of construction in the northern regions and is intended for the construction of ice engineering structures, accumulation of cold and the formation of vaulted ice structures for storage on (non)floating ice or ice-bearing platforms on sea shelves. The technical result is an increase in the reliability of the ice structure, which is achieved by the fact that in the method of constructing an ice structure, including the development of a site on which inflatable structures are installed, followed by their dismantling and moving as necessary, filling them with air, layer-by-layer freezing of pykerite by spraying or layer-by-layer watering water pulp. It contains sawdust or any other type of wood pulp, additionally, before freezing the pykerite, the inflatable structures are covered with geomaterial in the form of a permeable geosynthetic material: geogrid or geogrid. 1 salary f-ly, 3 ill.

The invention relates to heat engineering in the field of construction, namely to the thermal stabilization of soil foundations pile foundations pipeline and pipeline supports underground laying located on permafrost soils. A method for thermal stabilization of soils at the bases of pile foundations of pipeline supports and underground pipelines involves excavating icy soils in the bases of pile foundations of pipeline supports, underground pipelines and laying composite material in the excavation, installing at least two soil thermal stabilizers along the edges of the excavation, when In this case, the composite material has a composition with a component ratio, wt. %: gravelly sandy soil 60-70, foamed modified polymer 20-25, coolant liquid 5-20 or coarse sandy soil 70-80, foamed modified polymer 10-15, liquid coolant 5-20. To impregnate the polymer, a coolant liquid is selected that is characterized by high heat capacity and low freezing point down to -25°C. The technical result consists in increasing the reliability of the structure during the construction of pile foundations for pipeline supports and underground pipelines located on permafrost soils, ensuring safe operation main oil pipelines at design modes for a given period in the territory of permafrost. 5 salary files, 1 ill., 1 table.

The invention relates to the field of construction of underground pipelines and can be used to ensure thermal stabilization of soils during underground installation of pipelines on permafrost and soft soils. The device for thermal stabilization of permafrost soils contains at least two soil thermal stabilizers based on two-phase thermosiphons, including an above-ground condenser part and underground transport and evaporation parts, and at least one heat-conducting element made in the form of a plate of heat-dissipating material with a thermal conductivity coefficient of at least 5 W/ m⋅K. At least two soil thermal stabilizers are installed on both sides of the underground pipeline, and at least one heat-conducting element is installed under the heat-insulating material separating the underground pipeline from the roof of permafrost soils, and has holes for connection with the evaporative parts of at least two soil thermal stabilizers . The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of preserving permafrost soils or freezing weak soils of the foundations of objects pipeline system to ensure safety during the designated service life at design conditions. 2 n. and 6 salary f-ly, 2 ill., 1 tab., 1 pr.

The invention relates to the field of construction and operation of buildings in areas with complex engineering and geocryological conditions, namely to the thermal stabilization of permafrost and soft soils. A method for installing thermal stabilizers in a ventilated underground of operated buildings involves drilling at least one vertical well in a ventilated underground without disturbing the building's floors. Installation in the well of a thermal stabilizer containing an evaporator pipe and a condenser filled with refrigerant, the pipe being bendable, the radius of which does not exceed the height of the ventilated underground. The installation depth of the thermal stabilizer is such that the condenser is located above the ground level in a ventilated underground. The technical result consists in simplifying the procedure for installing thermal stabilizers under the building in use, improving the maintainability of the soil cooling system and simplifying its maintenance, increasing bearing capacity foundation soils due to their cooling over the entire area of ​​the ventilated underground of the building in use, while simultaneously reducing the number of thermal stabilizers used and freeing up the surrounding area by placing cooling elements in the ventilated underground. 3 salary f-ly, 3 ill.

The invention relates to the field of construction of structures in complex engineering and geological conditions of the permafrost zone. The invention is aimed at creating deep thermosyphons with ultra-deep underground evaporators, about 50-100 m or more, with a uniform temperature distribution over the surface of the evaporator located in the ground, which makes it possible to more effectively use its potential power to remove heat from the ground and increase the energy efficiency of the device used . According to the first option, the thermosiphon together with the sleeve is immersed vertically into the ground to a depth of 50 m. The thermosiphon contains a sealed tubular body with zones of evaporation, condensation and a transport zone between them. The condenser in the condensation zone is made in the form central pipe large diameter and eight smaller diameter pipes with external aluminum fins located around the central pipe. The pipes are connected to holes in it, and in the lower part of the central pipe there is a separator with through pipes for the passage of a vapor-droplet mixture of refrigerant (ammonia in the first option or carbon dioxide in the second) from the evaporator to the condenser and the drainage of ammonia condensate from the condenser. Through pipes are mounted on the pipe sheet. An internal polyethylene pipe is connected to the condensate drain pipe, located in the center of the board, from below, which is lowered to the bottom of the evaporator housing pipe. In the lower part polyethylene pipe holes are made for the flow of liquid refrigerant into the interannular space formed by the walls of the pipes of the evaporator housing and inner tube. According to the first option (refrigerant - ammonia), the thermosiphon is immersed in a sleeve filled with 25-30% ammonia water. The degree of filling of the thermosyphon with liquid ammonia ε=0.47-0.52 at 0°C. According to the second option, the thermosyphon is filled with carbon dioxide and immersed vertically into the ground without a sleeve, the degree of filling with liquid carbon dioxide is ε = 0.45-0.47. 2 n. and 2 salary f-ly, 5 ill., 2 pr.

The invention relates to the field of construction in areas with complex engineering and geocryological conditions, where thermal stabilization of permafrost and plastically frozen soils is used, and can be used to maintain their frozen state or freezing, including in wells that are unstable in the walls and prone to sliding and landslide formation. The method includes drilling a vertical well with a hollow auger column (AS) to the design level, followed by removing a removable central bit, installing a cementing head with a hose from a cement pump on the upper part of the ES, removing the ES with simultaneous supply of cement slurry through the ES until the well is filled, and installing a cooling device with thermal insulating casing on the condenser (at negative temperatures atmospheric air), which is dismantled after the cement mortar hardens. The proposed technical solution allows us to ensure the manufacturability of the installation of cooling devices, the efficiency of the soil cooling process and the durability of cooling structures buried in the soil mass. 2 salary f-ly, 6 ill.

The invention relates to systems for cooling and freezing soils in mining construction in areas of permafrost (permafrost zone), characterized by the presence of natural brines with negative temperatures(cryopegs). The technical result of the proposed invention is to increase efficiency, reliability and stability of operation. The technical result is achieved in that the system for cooling and freezing soils, including the installation of underground heat exchangers with a liquid coolant with a freezing point below zero degrees Celsius (brine), is characterized by the fact that cryopegs are used as a liquid coolant, and the cryopeg is supplied to the freezing columns from cryolithozones into heat exchangers. Spent cryopegs can be forcibly discharged into the permafrost zone. The outer part of the circulation circuit can be thermally insulated. Technical result - increased efficiency is achieved by the absence of energy-consuming refrigeration machines and due to the absence of the need to prepare a special cooling solution. Technical result - increased reliability is achieved by reducing the number of system components, the probability of failure of each of which is different from zero. Technical result - increased stability of operation is achieved by stable temperature of the cryopeg, total which significantly exceeds the amount of cryopeg used per season. The invention can be successfully used in the construction of industrial and civil structures. 2 salary f-ly, 1 ill.

The proposed device relates to the construction of one-story buildings on permafrost soils with artificial cooling of the building foundation soils using a heat pump and simultaneous heating of the building using a heat pump and additional source heat. The technical result is the creation of a foundation structure that fully ensures heating of the building while simultaneously maintaining the foundation soils in a frozen state, regardless of climate change, and at the same time not causing excessive cooling of permafrost soils, which can lead to their cracking, without the installation of backfill. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the surface foundation for a one-story building on permafrost soils consists of a set of fully prefabricated foundation modules, which are connected to the heat pump in parallel using thermally insulated collectors of the heating and cooling circuits of the heat pump, while the thermally insulated collector of the heating circuit has an additional heat source , compensating for the lack of low-grade heat pumped by a heat pump from the ground to heat the building, the intensity of which is automatically adjusted depending on the heat loss of the building and the amount of low-grade heat pumped by the heat pump. 2 salary f-ly, 2 ill.

The inventions relate to means for soil cooling, operating on the principle of gravitational heat pipes and vapor-liquid thermosyphons, and are intended for use in the construction of structures in the permafrost zone. The technical result is to simplify the design of the installation as a whole, making it possible to reduce the number of pipelines reaching the surface connecting the evaporation zone with the condensation zone, without reducing the efficiency of these zones. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the installation has an evaporation zone with several pipes and a condensation zone with several condensers, connected through a transport zone. Features of the installation are that the condensation zone is made in the form of a monoblock structure, which has a fitting for bleeding air, and its connection with the evaporation zone through a single transport channel in the form of upper and lower pipelines connected through a shut-off valve, as well as the presence in the evaporation zone of a collector to which pipes are connected. Both pipeline connections are detachable. The pipeline and pipes are made of easily deformable material, and the coolant liquid used has vapors heavier than air. The kit for constructing the installation includes the first product - a monoblock condenser, the second product - the upper transport pipeline and the third product in the form of a series-connected valve, pipeline and manifold with branch pipes. During manufacture, the third product is filled with coolant, its pipeline and pipes are bent into coils around the collector. The design of the installation and its equipment provide a technical result, which consists in more convenient transportation and the possibility of staggering the work on placing underground and aboveground parts at the site of future operation. The connection of these parts through a single specified channel and the possibility of bending its lower part facilitates the placement of the installation if there are other objects under construction in its immediate vicinity. The installation, after connecting its parts, does not require refilling with coolant in unfavorable construction conditions and is put into operation by opening the valve and then bleeding air through the fitting. 2 n. and 4 salary f-ly, 5 ill.

The invention relates to construction in permafrost zones, namely to soil thermal stabilizers for freezing foundations. The soil thermal stabilizer contains a sealed vertically located housing with a coolant, in the upper and lower parts of which there are heat exchange zones. In this case, a ring-shaped insert having an increased specific surface area is installed in at least one heat exchange zone. The outer surface of the insert is in contact with the inner surface of the housing in the heat exchange zone. The cross-sectional area of ​​the ring-shaped insert does not exceed 20 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing cavity. The technical result consists in increasing the heat transfer characteristics while maintaining the compactness of the thermal stabilizer, as well as increasing the efficiency of the soil thermal stabilizer. 5 salary f-ly, 3 ill.

The invention relates to the field of construction in areas with complex engineering and geocryological conditions, namely to the thermal stabilization of permafrost and soft soils. The technical result is to increase the manufacturability of the installation process of long-length thermal stabilizers, reduce installation time, and increase the reliability of the design. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the year-round soil thermal stabilizer for accumulating cold in the foundations of buildings and structures contains a steel thermal stabilizer pipe and an aluminum condenser pipe, while the thermal stabilizer condenser is made in the form vertical pipe, consisting of a capacitor body, a capacitor cap and two finned capacitors with outside, the fin area of ​​which is at least 2.3 m 2, while the heat stabilizer has an element for slinging in the upper part in the form of a mounting bracket. 1 ill.

The invention relates to the field of construction in areas with complex engineering and geocryological conditions, namely the thermal stabilization of permafrost and soft soils.

It is known that during the construction of capital structures, roads, overpasses, oil wells, tanks, etc. on permafrost soils must be used special measures on conservation temperature regime soils throughout the entire period of operation and to prevent softening of load-bearing foundations during thawing. Most effective method are the location at the base of the structure of plastically frozen soil stabilizers, usually containing a system of pipes filled with refrigerant and connected by a condenser part (for example: RF patent application No. 93045813, No. 94027968, No. 2002121575, No. 2006111380, RF Patents No. 2384672, No. 2157872.

Typically, the installation of SPMG is carried out before the construction of structures: a foundation pit is prepared, backfilled sand cushion, install thermal stabilizers, fill the soil and install a layer of thermal insulation (Journal “Foundations, Foundations and Soil Mechanics”, No. 6, 2007, pp. 24-28). After completion of construction of the structure, monitoring the operation of the thermal stabilizer and repairs individual parts is very difficult, which requires additional reservations (Magazine " Gas industry", No. 9, 1991, p. 16-17). To improve the maintainability of thermal stabilizers, it is proposed to place them inside protective pipes with one plugged end, filled with liquid with high thermal conductivity (RF patent No. 2157872). Protective pipes are placed under the soil fill and a layer of thermal insulation with a slope of 0-10° to the longitudinal axis of the base. The open end of the pipe is located outside the contour of the soil fill. This design allows, in the event of a leak, deformation, or other defects in the cooling pipes, to remove them and produce Maintenance and install it back. However, in this case, the cost of the product increases significantly due to the use of protective pipes and special liquid.

Heat pipes are used to cool the soil at the base of structures during the operational period. various designs(RF patent No. 2327940, RF utility model patent No. 68108), installed in wells. To ensure ease of manufacture, transportation and installation of heat pipes, their body has at least one insert made in the form of a bellows (RF patent for utility model No. 83831). The insert is usually equipped with a rigid removable clip to fix the relative position of the body sections. The rigid cage may be perforated to fill the space between it and the bellows with soil in order to reduce thermal resistance. The heat pipe is supposed to be immersed in the well section by section, by static pressing. This results in large bending loads on the structure, which can lead to damage.

Close to the present invention is a method for removing sediment from embankments on permafrost by freezing thawing soils with long thermosiphons (JSC Russian Railways, Federal State Unitary Enterprise VNIIZhT, " Technical instructions to eliminate sediment from embankments on permafrost by freezing thawing soils with long thermosiphons" M., 2007). This method involves drilling several inclined wells towards each other from opposite ends of the structure, after which cooling devices (thermosiphons) are immersed to the final depth of the well with a static pressing load. As already noted, this creates significant destructive loads on structural elements cooling device.

The closest to the present invention is invention No. 2454506 C2 MPK E02D 3/115 (2006.01) “Cooling device for temperature stabilization of permafrost soils and a method for installing such a device.” This invention is aimed at improving the manufacturability of the installation process of long-length thermal stabilizers, reducing installation time, increasing the reliability of the design and replacement damaged areas At the same time, the installation cost of the device is reduced.

The declared technical result is achieved by the fact that the installation of a cooling device for temperature stabilization of permafrost soils includes:

Passing a through well;

Pulling in the direction opposite to the direction of drilling the thermal stabilizer well;

Installation of capacitors.

The thermal stabilizer (long thermosyphon) contains condenser and evaporator pipes filled with refrigerant, connected by bellows hoses (bellows). Each of the sleeves is reinforced with bandages. The condenser pipes are located at the edges of the thermal stabilizer and are pulled to a position where the condenser pipes are located above the ground surface.

Condensers (heat exchangers) include condenser pipes with cooling elements installed on them (flanges, disks, fins, etc. or radiators of a different design). Typically, the heat exchanger is installed by pressing disk flanges onto the condenser pipe. This method is the most convenient in such climatic conditions. If necessary, welding and installation by means of bolted connections. Capacitors of other designs can also be used within the scope of the present invention. The fact that the final installation of the condenser is carried out after pulling the thermal stabilizer through the well allows the use of wells of smaller diameter and does not require large material and labor costs.

Installing capacitors on both sides of the thermal stabilizer allows you to increase the efficiency of the device. And the installation method allows the use of heat stabilizers of much longer length and, as a result, significantly increase the cooling zone. One of the capacitors can be installed at the factory, which simplifies the installation procedure in difficult climatic conditions. (Because the present invention uses pulling instead of the usual procedure of pressing in the thermal stabilizer, the risk of damaging the capacitor when installing the thermal stabilizer is reduced.)

Thus, this invention improves the manufacturability of the installation process of long-length thermal stabilizers by changing the direction of installation of the thermal stabilizer; reduces the installation time of the device by reducing the number of operations and the ability to carry out work on one side of the structure; increases the reliability and safety of installation; simplifies the procedure for replacing damaged areas. Due to the low cost of installation work and the possibility of carrying it out already during the operation of the facility, it is more cost-effective to replace failed thermal stabilizers by laying additional lines than to dismantle and repair them.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is a complex structural solution and, as a result, a narrow scope of application due to the limited depth of the pile and deep freezing of the soil in other cases, as well as a low efficiency due to the horizontal forced-action cooling system.

The objective of the present invention is to create a rational, reliable thermal stabilizer for soils that meets the high technological and design requirements for maintaining the temperature regime of soils throughout the entire period of operation, thanks to the compliance of the thermal stabilizer architectural features structures.

Thermal stabilizers are delivered to the installation site fully assembled and do not require assembly on site. At the same time, the thermal stabilizer is designed for seismic areas (up to 9 points on the MSK-64 scale) with a service life and a service life of the anti-corrosion coating of 50 years. The heat stabilizer has an anti-corrosion coating (zinc), made in the factory.

The thermal stabilizer is immersed immediately after drilling the well. The gap between the thermal stabilizer and the well wall is filled with a soil solution with a moisture content of 0.5 or higher. The soil drilled out when drilling a well or a clay-sand mixture is used.

The bottom level of the thermal stabilizer and the bottom level of the well are determined when installing the thermal stabilizer.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 1.

The thermal stabilizer consists of: thermal stabilizer capacitor 1, capacitor housing 2, capacitor cap 3, steel thermal stabilizer pipe 4, aluminum condenser pipe 5, thermal stabilizer mounting bracket 6, thermal stabilizer housing 7, thermal stabilizer tip 8, heat-insulating thermal stabilizer insert 9.

The thermal stabilizer capacitor 1 is made in the form of a vertical pipe - the capacitor body 2, consisting of a capacitor cap 3 and two finned capacitors on the outside, the fins are rolled by installing the aluminum pipe of the capacitor 5 close to the weld.

The fins are highly efficient, the helical direction of the turns is arbitrary. On the surface of the fins, deformation on turns of no more than 10 mm is allowed, coating the surface of the aluminum pipe after rolling is chemical passivation in a solution of alkali and salt. The fin area is at least 2.43 m2.

Effective cooling of the thermal stabilizer is achieved due to the large surface area of ​​the fins.

The heat stabilizer body can be made of two or three parts, welded using an automatic welding machine for steel pipes MD (the seam is non-standard, welding is performed with a rotating magnetically controlled arc).

The weld seam is tested for strength and tightness with air at excess pressure 6.0 MPa (60 kgf/cm2) under water.

Roll the fins of the condenser by installing an aluminum pipe with a cone close to the weld.

On the surface of the fins, deformation is allowed on turns with a depth of no more than 10 mm - linear, longitudinal and radial - helical, as well as up to seven turns from each end less than diameter 67. Coating the surface of the aluminum pipe after rolling is chemical passivation in a solution of alkali and salt. The fin area is at least 2.3 m2.

The heat stabilizer has an element for slinging in the upper part in the form of a mounting bracket. Slinging is carried out using textile sling in the form of a loop, with a lifting capacity of 0.5 tons.

Thermal stabilizers have an external anti-corrosion zinc coating, made in the factory.

Climatic conditions for installation of thermal stabilizers:

Temperature not lower than minus 40°C;

Relative air humidity from 25 to 75%;

Atmospheric pressure 84.0-106.7 kPa (630-800 mmHg).

The location for installation of thermal stabilizers must meet the following conditions:

Have sufficient illumination, at least 200 lux;

Must be equipped with lifting mechanisms.

The gap between the thermal stabilizer and the well wall is filled with a soil solution with a moisture content of 0.5 or higher. The soil drilled during drilling of the well or a clay-sand mixture is used.

Thermal insulation of the thermostabilizer 9 is carried out in the seasonal thawing zone.

The steel for the steel pipes of the heat stabilizer is adapted to northern conditions and has an anti-corrosion zinc coating. The thermal stabilizer is lightweight due to its small diameter, while maintaining a wide radius of soil freezing.

Thermal stabilizers are delivered to the installation site fully assembled and do not require assembly on site. At the same time, the thermal stabilizer is designed for seismic areas (up to 9 points on the MSK-64 scale) with a service life of the anti-corrosion coating of 50 years. The heat stabilizer has an anti-corrosion coating (zinc), made in the factory.

A year-round soil thermal stabilizer for accumulating cold in the foundations of buildings and structures, containing a steel thermal stabilizer pipe and an aluminum condenser pipe, characterized in that the thermal stabilizer condenser is made in the form of a vertical pipe consisting of a condenser body, a condenser cap and two finned capacitors on the outside, area the fins of which are at least 2.3 m 2, while the heat stabilizer has an element for slinging in the upper part in the form of a mounting bracket.

Similar patents:

The proposed device relates to the construction of one-story buildings on permafrost soils with artificial cooling of the soil of the building's foundation using a heat pump and simultaneous heating of the building using a heat pump and an additional heat source.

The invention relates to systems for cooling and freezing soils in mining construction in areas of permafrost (permafrost zone), characterized by the presence of natural brines with negative temperatures (cryopegs).

The invention relates to the field of construction in areas with complex engineering and geocryological conditions, where thermal stabilization of permafrost and plastically frozen soils is used, and can be used to maintain their frozen state or freezing, including in wells that are unstable in the walls and prone to sliding and landslide formation.

The invention relates to the field of construction of structures in complex engineering and geological conditions of the permafrost zone. The invention is aimed at creating deep thermosyphons with ultra-deep underground evaporators, about 50-100 m or more, with a uniform temperature distribution over the surface of the evaporator located in the ground, which makes it possible to more effectively use its potential power to remove heat from the ground and increase the energy efficiency of the device used .

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely to the construction of industrial or residential complexes on permafrost. The technical result is to ensure a stable low permafrost temperature in the foundation soils of a construction complex in the presence of a bulk leveling soil layer. The technical result is achieved in that the site for a construction complex on permafrost contains a bulk grading layer of soil located on the natural surface of the soil within the construction complex, while the bulk grading layer of soil contains a cooling tier located directly on the natural surface of the soil, and located on the cooling tier there is a protective tier, wherein the cooling tier contains a cooling system in the form of hollow horizontal pipes located parallel to the upper surface of the platform, and vertical hollow pipes, the bottom of which is adjacent to the horizontal pipes on top and the cavity of which is connected to the cavity of the horizontal pipes, while their upper end has plug, the vertical pipe crosses the protective tier and borders the outside air, and the protective tier contains a layer thermal insulation material, located directly on the cooling tier and protected from above by a layer of soil. 1 salary f-ly, 4 ill.

The invention relates to the field of construction in areas with complex engineering and geocryological conditions, namely to the thermal stabilization of permafrost and soft soils. The technical result is to increase the manufacturability of the installation process of long-length thermal stabilizers, reduce installation time, and increase the reliability of the design. The technical result is achieved by the fact that a year-round soil thermal stabilizer for accumulating cold in the foundations of buildings and structures contains a steel thermal stabilizer pipe and an aluminum condenser pipe, while the thermal stabilizer condenser is made in the form of a vertical pipe consisting of a condenser body, a condenser cap and two finned capacitors with an external sides, the fin area of ​​which is at least 2.3 m2, while the heat stabilizer has an element for slinging in the upper part in the form of a mounting bracket. 1 ill.

Thermal stabilization of soils

In recent decades, there has been an increase in the temperature of permafrost soils. This causes risks of the occurrence of beyond design stress-strain states in the soils of bases, foundations, buildings and structures erected on such soils.

This serious problem affects everyone every year. larger number objects operated on foundations composed of permafrost soils (uneven precipitation, foundation subsidence, destruction of structural elements, etc. occur).

The construction of buildings and structures on permafrost soils is carried out according to two principles:

The first principle is based on maintaining the permafrost state of the soil for the entire period of operation of the building or structure;

The second principle involves the use of soils as foundations in a thawed or thawing state (preliminary thawing is carried out to the calculated depth before construction begins or thawing is allowed during operation;

The choice of principle depends on the engineering and geocryological situation. It is necessary to take into account and compare the appropriateness of the principles. The first principle implies that it is more profitable to maintain soils in a frozen state than to strengthen thawed soils.

The second principle is more suitable when soil thawing leads to deformations of the foundation soils, which are within the range of permissible values ​​for a particular building or structure. This principle is, for example, suitable for rocky and hard-frozen soils, the deformations of which are small in the thawed state.

Thermal stabilization of soils

Thermal stabilization of frozen soils is designed to ensure the possibility of constructing buildings and structures according to the second principle.

A number of measures are used to maintain soils in a frozen state. One of the effective and economically feasible methods is to lower the soil temperature using heat stabilizers.

Soil thermal stabilizer (TSG) is a vapor-liquid siphon. This is a seasonal cooling device charged with refrigerant to lower ground temperatures.

TSG is immersed in drilled wells near the foundation to lower the temperature of the soil mass, which is the base of the foundation. Part of the device is an evaporator, which takes heat from the soil, and a condenser, which releases heat into the surrounding atmosphere.

In the thermostabilizer, natural convection circulation of the refrigerant occurs, which passes from one state of aggregation to another: from gas to liquid and back.

The condensed refrigerant (liquefied ammonia or carbon dioxide) naturally, under the influence of temperature differences, falls to the lower part of the TSG to the soil. Afterwards, having taken heat from them, it turns into steam and, evaporating, returns to the surface, where it again transfers heat to the surrounding air through the walls of the radiator-condenser and condenses. Then the cycle repeats again.

Refrigerant circulation can be natural, convection-gravitational or forced. This depends on the design of the thermal stabilizer.

The type, design and number of thermal stabilizers are selected based on individual calculations for each object.

Thermal stabilizers have shown their effectiveness - with their help it is possible to maintain soils in a permafrost state and ensure the strength and immutability of the ice-soil slab under the structure.

Convection circulation of the refrigerant is based on the temperature gradient of the soil and the outside air.

During summer period, How

only the temperature of the condenser - the upper part of the thermostabilizer located in the atmosphere,

getting taller coolant temperature,

circulation stops and the process is suspended with partial inertial thawing of the top layer of soil until the next cold snap.

Installation diagrams by installation method and design:

Single borehole thermal stabilizer (OST)

The simplest device that allows installation work to be carried out both for buildings and structures under construction and for existing ones. OST can be installed both vertically and at an angle of 45 degrees to the surface;

Horizontal thermal stabilizer system (HST) is a system of evaporator pipes located in one horizontal plane in the soil mass that forms the base of the foundation. The refrigerant from the evaporator pipes is transferred to the condenser located on the surface. The installation of a GTS is advisable for new construction, when it is possible to construct a pit;

Vertical system of thermal stabilizers (VST) combines horizontal system, to the evaporator pipes, to which vertical evaporator pipes are connected, going deep into the soil mass. This design allows soil to be frozen to a greater depth than under the GTS scheme. The installation of VST is advisable for new construction, when it is possible to construct a pit;

Thermal stabilizer system, installed at the base of an existing building or structure using directional drilling.

The latter method does not require the development of pits, trenches, or strengthening, and allows the natural structure of the soil to be preserved. It is permissible to install a soil thermal stabilization system in parallel with the construction of the building or structure itself, which speeds up the construction process.

Technical and economic indicators when using soil thermal stabilization

Thermal stabilization of soils using various TSG systems can reduce construction costs by up to 50% and reduce the construction time of facilities by almost 2 times.

"Thermal stabilization of soils" (download in PDF format)

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