Having little experience in plant growing, most summer residents are lost when approaching a stand with agrochemicals in a store. Such an abundance of names, types of packaging, and dosages can turn anyone’s head. However, don't panic. When going shopping for garden protection products, first of all you need to imagine what this garden will be protected from. As practice shows, the season of preventive measures on the site opens fungicide treatment.

Fungicides for plants

Over the course of a season, gardens and vegetable gardens enter into a huge number of relationships in their environment. Plants react not only to weather conditions, watering, fertilizing, but also to contacts with living organisms: bacteria, fungi, insects and mammals (moles, for example). Most of these relationships end unfavorably. Unfortunately, what is natural for nature, from the side of the summer resident looks like an attack on the harvest. Therefore, an extensive program is being carried out to reduce the number of unwanted “guests”. The products used for this purpose comprise one large group – pesticides. Each individual subgroup is responsible for its sector. Thus, insecticides fight insects, herbicides allow you to remove weeds from the site. But treatment with fungicides is carried out in order to destroy fungi, bacteria and prevent or treat diseases caused by them.

There are several classifications of fungicides for plants. It will be useful for any plant grower, both those who actively use agrochemicals and those seeking to reduce external influences, to know the following parameters.

Based on their origin, a distinction is made between inorganic and organic preparations. There is a separate list of biological fungicides, but they are worth talking about separately.

Inorganic fungicides approved for use on private farms are copper- and sulfur-containing preparations. Mercury-containing ones were also previously used, but due to toxicity to humans and, often, to plants, the latter type is no longer used.

The name copper-containing fungicides is widely known. The most popular is copper sulfate; Bordeaux mixture and copper oxychloride are also the most commonly used.

Copper preparations with constant exposure in increased doses are toxic to humans and warm-blooded animals. The element tends to accumulate in the ground and in fruits. Therefore, to work with such substances, you must follow the instructions and not exceed the recommended dose and frequency of use.

Fungicide treatment is a danger to humans

Preparations containing sulfur are ground sulfur, collodine sulfur and lime-sulfur decoction. They have proven themselves as preventive agents against scab, powdery mildew, and athracnose. The preparations are used to pollinate or fumigate greenhouses and greenhouses.

Also, preparations of iron (iron sulfate), manganese, and potassium also have a certain degree of fungicidal activity.

Organic fungicides

Organic fungicides for plants are products based on various classes chemical compounds. There are varieties of them sufficient quantity. The compounds have different effects on the fungus, so their effectiveness in treating the same disease on the same plant will vary.

Information about which compound is at the heart of the drug is quite specific. Most plant growers do not find it useful when reading the instructions. However, it is still worth asking about the compound class of the chosen product, for example, if it turns out to be ineffective.

In some cases, fungi and bacteria can become resistant to the active substance, that is, develop resistance. Or the grower may delay processing, and infection will still occur. Then, to achieve good results in the fight against plant disease, you need to take an integrated approach. That is, alternate drugs that are different in origin, active substance, and mechanism of action.

An integrated approach to plant treatment

On sale you can find products that contain nitrogen-containing derivatives of pyrimidine, pyrazole, phenol derivatives (chloro- and nitrophenols), etc. A separate class of fungicides for plants are antibiotics of non-medical value. Phytolavin (phytobacteriomycin) and trichothecin are widely used. They have not only fungicidal properties, but also to some extent immunomodulatory (stimulating plant growth and development).

Separately, it is worth mentioning the relatively new, but already popular and highly sought after biological fungicides. They contain a bacteriological or fungal culture. The principle of action of such drugs differs from inorganic and organic compounds. Bacterial cultures also behave differently with plant pathogens. Some strains can be dangerous for pathogenic fungi because they themselves infect and destroy the pest. Others are a kind of “grafting” of the plant, increasing its immunity and making it resistant to bacteria. The drugs can be used both prophylactically and therapeutic purpose, however, they are better at preventing disease.

Fungicide treatment

Biological fungicides

It already has several commercial names: baktofit, phytosporin, gamair, etc. Moreover, almost all products on the market are enriched with microelements and, often, humic acids, which additionally stimulate the plant and increase its resistance to stress and immunity. In addition, the use of biological drugs for preventive purposes is safe. These benefits of biological fungicides make them very attractive to followers of organic farming.

Fungicide treatment can be carried out both for preventive and therapeutic purposes. However, not all means of preventing the disease can actively treat it. To avoid infection or minimize its consequences, you should approach treatment systematically: use a complex of contact and systemic fungicides (about them), and also pay attention to the active ingredient of the selected drug.

Below are some names of fungicides and their active substance (class of chemical compounds).

• iron sulfate - iron sulfate;
• colloidal sulfur and ground sulfur - sulfur (the first is finer);
• copper sulfate is sulfate, respectively, copper;
• Bordeaux mixture contains two active substances - copper sulfate and calcium hydroxide (also known as milk of lime or slaked lime);
• Hom – contains copper oxychloride;
• Thiovit jet - sulfur.

Organic fungicides for plants:

• Amistar Trio, Amistar extra, Quadris, SK products contain azoxystrobin;
• foundationazole – active substance benzimidazole;
• drug Vectra – bromuconazole;
• a number of drugs, including the well-known Rayok, Skor, Diskor, Chistotsvet, contain difenoconazole;
• Penncozeb, Ditan 45 – mancozeb;
• Topaz – active substance penconazole;
• Agrolekar, Forecast and Chistoflor contain one active ingredient – ​​propiconazole;
• Rovral – iprodione;
• The next group of drugs - Favorite CE, Foliot CE, Forus CE - have the main substance of the triazole class, triadimefon;
• Seed dressing agent Maxim - fludioxonil;
• Bravo – chlorothalonil;
• Switch, Horus – cyprodinil.

List of biological fungicides

Separately, it is worth mentioning Fitolavin, the active substance of which is an antibiotic of the streptothricin group - phytobacteriomycin.

List of biological fungicides for plants:

1. Alirin, Baktofit, Gamair and phytosporin contain different proportions bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis;
2. Glyocladin and trichodermin are drugs whose active component is the fungal culture Trichoderma harzianum.
3. Agat 25 is a strain of the bacteriological culture of Pseudomonas aureofaciens.

Growing horticultural, vegetable or ornamental plants- a favorite pastime of many gardeners and summer residents. However, you need to understand that it is impossible to grow a healthy crop without proper care. It is important to provide each flower with reliable protection from all kinds of diseases and dangerous pests in advance.

Biological effect of fungicides

When caring for a garden, summer residents often have to use highly effective drugs– plant fungicides, which are potent chemicals that can provide effective fight with pathogenic microorganisms that cause the development of fungal diseases, such as:

• powdery mildew;
• gray rot;
• root rot and others.

Fungicidal agents are divided into two groups according to the method of action:

• contact;
• systemic.

Every gardener should know what fungicides are and how to use the drugs in home gardening.

The use of fungicides for plants eliminates the possibility of penetration of active substances inside. They only manage to cover outer part cultures where the generative and vegetative organs of the fungus are located, causing further progression of the infection.

All products are capable of acting for different periods, which depends on the duration of residence of the chemical compounds on the surface of the crop. Particular results are seen with regular treatment every 3-5 days with an interval of 10-12 days.

The key feature of contact fungicides is local action to green spaces. They are used not to treat signs of damage, but to destroy pathogenic fungal formations that are on the surface or in plant tissues. It is important to understand that fungicides are not able to penetrate other parts of the plant, so treatment with them is completely safe.

Action systemic drugs built on a different principle: when processed, they affect all internal systems, moving through tissues and introducing a number of changes in the physiological and biochemical processes that occur inside plants.

They subsequently decompose into internal organs flowers, horticultural or agricultural crops, which causes the rapid formation of metabolites. In this state, the plant develops a strong immunity, which helps quickly clear the harmful fungus.

Some gardeners are of the opinion that it is unsafe to use systemic fungicides, since the decomposition products formed after treatment can harm the plant. To prevent possible complications, it is necessary to use chemicals of the first type - contact. However, it is important to have time to carry out all processing procedures a month before harvest.

Types and principle of operation

When searching for fungicidal drugs in specialized stores you can find ready-made solutions in the form of a powder, suspension or emulsion with good solubility in water. Depending on the composition, there are several fungicidal preparations:

• Inorganic. These include drugs of classes 1-4 of danger to humans and warm-blooded creatures.
• Organic. Such products contain active microorganisms that can have an inhibitory effect on pathogenic fungi.

For use on summer cottages It is recommended to use biological fungicides, since they have excellent effectiveness and are practically harmless, as well as for garden crops, and for human body. However, when carrying out processing activities, all safety rules must be observed.

Chemical fungicides

Many modern summer residents and gardeners are looking for the most effective drugs to combat fungal diseases. In search of good solutions, they look to innovative chemicals that guarantee high performance in small doses.

However, it is highly not recommended to get carried away with such means, and the effectiveness stated in advertising is not always reality. Indeed on the list good fungicides chemical type, which were able to prove their effectiveness after extensive experiments and research, it is important to highlight:

• Bordeaux mixture;
• copper sulfate;
• abiga-pik, sun;
• zineb;
• potassium permanganate;
• soda ash;

Such products have been tested by experts and have earned the right to be called one of the most effective of their kind. However, when using chemicals on site, you need to be extremely careful and carefully study the instructions for use. Otherwise, you can harm both yourself and the crops you grow.

Biological drugs

The range of highly effective fungicides is very extensive. In addition, in recent years, new solutions have come onto the market that can protect plants from all kinds of diseases. Among them biological contact fungicides. They are manufactured according to a completely different principle than the previous chemical ones. Such preparations contain active bacteria that localize pathogens of fungal diseases and have a detrimental effect on them.

Biofungicides can effectively combat the problem without causing damage to green spaces, animals, fish, bees, and people. If you want to purchase good biological drugs, pay attention to the following list:

• Gamair P;
• Trichodermin;
• Alirin-B;
• Albite;
• Fitosporin;
• Agate;
• Planzir and others.

It is important to understand that you need to start treating plants with contact chemicals long before flowering, as well as after harvesting. As for biological solutions, they effectively work throughout the entire growing season. In addition, among biofungicides there are also preparations that can be used at the stage of fruit ripening. In any case, a novice gardener should understand that all fungicides are only preventive tools. If the active substances reach the causative agents of the problem, this causes their death. However, if the disease progresses and the crop is severely affected, then it will not be possible to solve the problem with such drugs.

How to work with contact fungicides

As mentioned above, the use of fungicides is a rather demanding and painstaking process. Before you start work, you need to pay close attention to safety issues by preparing specialized clothing, rubber gloves, glasses and a hat. After carrying out processing work, clothes should be washed thoroughly, and hands and face should be washed with soap.

Before you start processing garden, garden or agricultural crops, prepare a ready-made solution, following the correct dosage and all the recommendations included in the instructions. Also, do not ignore the advice of experienced specialists, guided by their personal experience and skills.

Particular effectiveness of the use of fungicides is observed when applied in the early morning or evening, in dry, windless weather. If spraying was carried out before or after rain, good result there is no need to wait. The active substances will simply be washed away by rain and will not take effect. As a result, the damage will progress.

When spraying, you need to select the operating mode for fine spraying. The resulting cloud of solution should spread to the lower and upper parts of the plant.

It is important to understand that you cannot spray the green parts of crops that will be eaten. To increase safety, it is necessary to have time to treat green spaces before flowering and fruit set.

Use the container where the solution was for repeated work. Absolutely forbidden. Instead, it must be disposed of in specially designated areas for pesticides. Storage areas for fungicides should be restricted from public access, and the preparations should be kept in sealed containers.

List of drugs

Most of the available fungicidal preparations have high toxicity. Therefore, before purchasing them and using them on your site, you need to find good reasons. You also need to carefully read the instructions for use and make sure that you can carry out the processing measures yourself. Let's highlight a list of the most popular and effective fungicides for plants.

Oksikhom

This drug from the contact-system group contains copper oxychloride and oxadixyl. Most often it is used for preventive purposes and suppression of all kinds of diseases of garden and indoor crops. Excellent fight against late blight, macrosporiosis, black bacterial spot and other dangers. The lack of toxicity increases the safety of using the product.

To begin processing, you must first prepare a highly effective solution. To begin with, pour 1/3 of the water into the device’s tank, then start the mixing mechanism and add a little of the drug. In the future, all that remains is to pour in the remaining part and stir the solution well. The finished mixture is used to generously spray a crop that has succumbed to the fungus. It is important to use only clean water in the process.

As for the dosage, then optimal performance They stay at the level of 1 packet of Oxychoma per two liters of liquid. Sometimes it is necessary to carry out up to three procedures at intervals of 10-14 days. For processing, only freshly prepared solution is used.

Among significant advantages facilities:

• highly effective systemic contact action;
• the ability to maintain the effect for a long time;
• minimal toxicity if treatment is carried out at the correct dosage;
• economical consumption for preventive purposes.

Trichodermin

This biological fungicide is different high efficiency in the fight against pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases. The biofungicide contains spores of the soil fungus Trichoderma lignorum and crushed grain substrate.

The drug is capable of eliminating more than 60 types of pathogenic organisms that cause all kinds of diseases, including:

• root rot;
• seminal infections;
• fusarium and other troubles.

The action of active substances causes improvement of soil fertility indicators, rapid saturation of the root system with additional nutrients, as well as increasing the germination of planting material.

To prepare a suspension in which the seeds will be soaked, just take 10 grams of the drug and dilute it in one liter of water. If the product is used by watering plants, then the optimal dosage will be the same as in the previous case. When watering, it is important to deliver the suspension directly to the root using medium portions of water.

A ready-made solution for spraying is created as follows: 10 grams of product are added to 5 liters of water.

Trichodermin has excellent preventive effect during transplantation work. In this case, the consumption rate is determined as follows: for a 25-centimeter (in diameter) pot, use the amount of the drug that fits on the tip of the knife.

By the way, you can treat not only adult plants with this product, but also young cuttings by placing it in water, where they are kept before planting. In this case, the consumption is 5 grams per 5 liters.

To effectively fight all kinds of diseases, you need to prepare the following suspension: dilute 5 grams of the substance with 5 liters of water. Then the damaged crop must be removed from the pot and cleaned of the soil composition.

The affected root elements will have to be removed, and the main rhizome must be thoroughly washed with a suspension. After this, it is better to transplant the plant into another pot, where fresh substrate has previously been placed.

The problem of protecting garden, ornamental and agricultural crops interests many gardeners and summer residents. To effectively combat all kinds of diseases, highly effective chemicals, including fungicides, are often used. With their help you can quickly and efficiently get rid of the problem and prevent its further progression.

However, in order for the drug to be very effective, but at the same time safe, when choosing suitable solution preference should be given to those agents that have the least toxicity. When choosing the best drug, take into account the recommendations of professionals, and also read all the attached instructions and recommendations. Such simple steps will prevent unwanted consequences from improper processing.

Fungal diseases- this is a fairly serious problem for any gardener. If you discover that your plant is infected with a fungus, you need to take immediate action, otherwise it will be extremely difficult to save the plant. This may indicate gray coating on the leaves of the plant. In this case, all gardeners come to the aid of special drugs — fungicides. What are fungicides, what they are, how to use them - we will tell you in this article.

Traces of leaf damage by a fungal disease

What is a "fungicide"?

First you need to figure out what it is. Fungicides- These are chemical preparations for treating plants; they belong to a large group of pesticides. Translated from Latin, “fungicide” means “killing mushrooms.” They suppress the development and destroy fungi harmful to plants.

How fungicides work is still not known exactly. The vast majority of these drugs act directly on fungi and their spores, disrupting their normal life processes. Some fungicides disrupt the reproduction processes of fungi, some block the synthesis of proteins and other substances necessary for the life of the fungus, and some disrupt the normal process of fungal cell division.

What types of fungicides are there?

There are many different classifications of fungicides. All drugs according to the production method are divided into chemical and biological. The former are produced artificially from chemical compounds. And the second group is made on the basis of live bacteria that are pathogenic for fungi. The advantage of biological ones is that they are less harmful and toxic compared to chemical ones. It is because of this benefit that natural fungicides are often used by gardeners.

Another one classification of fungicides- according to the mechanism of action. There are two groups of fungicides:

— preventive (they protect plants from harmful fungi);

- medicinal (treat sick plants).

Leaves affected by fungus

Depending on the active ingredients, the composition contains organic and inorganic fungicides.

Inorganic fungicides contain salts of sulfur, copper, iron, potassium, manganese and other substances.

Organic fungicidal products are made from organic substances. They have a number of advantages: such preparations do not contain heavy metals and other harmful chemicals, are easily decomposed by soil inhabitants and are well combined with other pesticides. But organic fungicides also have negative sides- they are not durable and are very quickly washed out of the soil. They are also not particularly effective and sometimes they are not enough to cure a diseased plant. On the contrary, their inorganic “brothers” act for quite a long time and are characterized by rapid action and efficiency.

Fungicidal preparations are used for various purposes. They can be used to treat the plants themselves directly (during the growing season or dormancy), to treat seeds before planting for prevention, and they can also treat the soil. But there are also combined preparations that are suitable for complex treatment of seeds, adult plants, and soil.

Different fungicides have different localization on the plant. Those fungicides that remain on the surface and act upon direct contact with the fungus are called contact, or local. But the effect of such fungicides depends on the amount of the drug, on chemical resistance, and also on the weather, because the drug is easily washed off from the surface of plants by rain.

Another group of fungicides are systemic (or intraplant), they spread inside the plant, destroying pathogenic fungi from the inside. These fungicides no longer depend on the weather; their effectiveness is determined only by how quickly the drug penetrates the plant.

Mode of application

Fungicides can be applied in three different ways.

The first is seed treatment before planting. This is done either using dry powder or a solution of fungicide in water.

The second method is spraying adult plants. In this case, treatment is carried out with a fungicide solution, usually this is done in spring and autumn (as a preventative measure), and also when the plant is infected with a fungus and needs to be cured.

You can also apply the dry preparation or its solution directly to the soil before planting the plant. This treatment will destroy any fungi that may be in the soil and prevent infection of the plants.

All fungicides must be used strictly according to the instructions so as not to harm the plant. You also need to remember that many fungicides are classified as substances of medium danger. But there is no need to worry, if you handle fungicides correctly, they can only harm fungi.

That is why it is very important to follow safety precautions when working with fungicides: protect your hands with gloves, wear protective clothing, and wash your hands thoroughly after work. Also be sure to isolate children and pets from the premises.

List of drugs

Consento

Consento is an effective systemic fungicide for the control of late blight, Alternaria and peronospora, available in the form of a suspension.
The product has unique activity against a large number of fungi that infect seeds, seedlings, leaves and fruits of plants, and also has a preventive and therapeutic effect.
Easy to use: the drug is diluted with water according to the instructions and sprayed evenly until the leaves of the plant are completely wetted.
Begins to act from the first day after treatment.

Abiga Peak

This is a chemical from the group of contact fungicides. It is based on copper oxychloride. This element, when released, directly affects the vital activity of the fungus, slowing down the processes of its growth and respiration. Copper also prevents the synthesis of important proteins, which also kills the fungus.

Acrobat MC

This is a drug with a systemic contact type of effect.

Its active ingredients are chemical substances dimethomorph and mancozeb. It comes in the form of granules that dissolve in water.

Gardeners use it to combat late blight, Alternaria and other diseases.

This natural product contains strains of bacteria Bacillus subtilis.

It can be found commercially in tablet or powder form.

"Alirin-B" is used to treat diseases such as late blight, powdery mildew, scab, gray rot and many others. This fungicide affects the vital processes of the fungus, suppressing them. Positive side effects include an increase in the amount of ascorbic acid and a decrease in the amount of nitrates in the crop.

It can be used to treat plants or as a prophylactic agent to protect plants from pathogenic fungi.

Byleton

Chemical fungicide, the active substance of which is triadimefon. Available in powder form. Differs in systemic action.

It will help cope with fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, fucariasis, rust, septoria and many others. Triadimefon in this fungicide inhibits the growth of the fungus and also disrupts the synthesis of compounds necessary for the fungus. Thus, this drug helps fight diseases.

Bordeaux mixture

This is a broad-spectrum fungicide designed to protect a wide variety of crops from fungal infections. It is quite effective and safe for plants. The solution is quite simple to prepare; it stays on the plants for a long time, without losing its potency.

Available in the form of a water-soluble powder.

Vitaros

This is a contact-systemic drug intended for treating seeds before planting.

Available in the form of a solution in ampoules. The main active substance is thiram + carboxin.

Lasts for a long time. The preparation contains a dye, which facilitates the processing process.

Gamair

This biological fungicide is based on colonies of Bacillus subtilis bacteria. It is used to exterminate fungi both on plants and in the ground. In terms of action, it is an analogue of another fungicide - “Fitosporin”.

Gamair is commercially available in the form of tablets and powder.

This fungicide is used both to successfully combat pathogenic fungi and bacteria, and to prevent diseases in garden and indoor crops.

Glyocladin

This fungicidal drug is an analogue of another - trichodermin. This drug is made based on the culture of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum, as well as bacteria that have a positive effect on the soil. "Glyokladin" fights fungi in the soil, preventing plant infection. The fungal culture in this fungicide multiplies in the soil, thereby suppressing the growth of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The fungal culture itself is harmless to plants; it is destructive only to pathogenic organisms.

This drug can be found on sale in tablets and also in the form of suspensions.

TO positive properties This drug can also be attributed to the fact that it is safe, capable of restoring the soil, and is also highly effective. "Glyokladin" is able to cleanse the soil of harmful chemicals after the use of pesticides.

Green soap

This is a natural fungicide made from vegetable oils and animal fats, as well as potassium salts. fatty acids. Although it is called “Green Soap”, this preparation is not soap, but only consists of the same components as real soap.

This drug is used by gardeners to prevent the appearance of fungi and harmful insects on plants. After treatment, it covers the leaves and branches of the plant, like a film, preventing pests and fungi from multiplying on it.

Based on “Green Soap”, various solutions for treating plants are made at home.

Green soap should only be used for spraying plants; it is not recommended to apply it to the soil.

Kurzat

The effectiveness of the action is ensured by the main substances - copper oxychloride and cymoxanil.

Copper oxychloride works from the inside, coating the plant protective layer, preventing infection by fungi and pests. Cymoxanil, on the contrary, acts from inside the plant, quickly spreading throughout the plant and destroying the fungus.

Together these two components provide effective treatment and plant protection. The drug suppresses the proliferation of the fungus, disrupts its vital functions, and also has an antibacterial effect.

"Kurzat" is mainly used to combat late blight and powdery mildew.

Sold as a water-soluble powder.

Maksim

This drug is from the group of contact fungicides. Gardeners use it to treat bulbs and tubers before planting, and it also helps prevent bulbs from rotting during storage.

The active substance of this fungicide, fludioxonil, is very similar in composition to antibiotics. It kills pathogenic fungi and soil microorganisms without affecting beneficial soil microflora in any way.

Protects crops from scab, various rots, blackleg and other diseases.

Oksikhom

Fungicide of contact-systemic action. Sold in powder form, used for spraying plants. Made from copper oxychloride and oxadixyl. It is used to successfully combat late blight, macrosporiosis, and peronosporium on plants both in the garden and in the apartment.

It has a very fast action, the effect is visible after a couple of hours. That is why it is recommended to be used to treat advanced cases of fungal diseases.

It is important to remember that Oxychom cannot be combined with other fungicidal drugs. It is a toxic drug, so plant treatment must be carried out at least 20 days before harvest.

Ordan

A complex drug that has both systemic and contact effects. It is based on copper oxychloride and cymoxanil. Due to the combination of these components, “Ordan” performs several tasks at once: copper oxychloride is responsible for eradicating fungus and also has a bactericidal effect; Cymoxanil treats the plant and also protects them from re-infection.

One of the distinctive features of this product is that it is not addictive to fungi. Pathogenic organisms cannot adapt to this drug, which is why it is always effective.

Previkur

The spectrum of action of Previkura is quite wide. It helps cope with peronosporiasis, various types root rot, as well as other fungal diseases. Its main difference from other fungicides is its ability to act as a plant growth stimulator. It affects the plant immune system and protects against subsequent infections. It is used for both garden crops and indoor flowers.

Profit Gold

Fungicide with a systemic mechanism of action. Its two active ingredients, cymoxanil and famoxadone, provide effective treatment for various fungal infections. Cymoxanil penetrates the plant and acts on the fungus from the inside, blocking its development. And the second component is responsible for influencing the fungus from the outside. Famoxadone kills the fungus and its spores, and also forms a thin film over the plant. It is this systemic action that helps to quickly and effectively combat fungus on plants, even in difficult cases. The effect of the drug is long-lasting.

Gardeners use Profit Gold to combat late blight, powdery mildew, anthracnose and other fungal diseases. This fungicide is also used to treat and protect indoor flowers.

Rayok

This drug is similar in action to the drug "Skor". "Rayok" is absorbed by plants, so it makes it easier to fight diseases. Another advantage of this drug is that it begins to act very quickly, literally within a few hours. It is also resistant to being washed away by rain.

The basis of this fungicide is difenoconazole. This substance directly affects the synthesis genetic material fungus and disrupts it. Because of this, the fungus gradually dies.

Heals garden trees and other plants against scab, Alternaria and powdery mildew.

It is commercially available as an emulsion.

Quite effective contact fungicide. Two active ingredients, mefenoxam and mancozeb, effectively fight the fungus, protecting the plant both outside and inside.

Mefenoxam penetrates the plant tissue, reaches the lesion and destroys the fungus. Mancozeb comes to his aid, acting outside the plant, enhancing the effect of the first active substance. Together they quickly help get rid of the disease.

This fungicide is effective in the fight against late blight, peronospora, and also copes well with downy mildew. Quickly decomposes in the soil without harming beneficial organisms.

This drug is produced in granules, they are dissolved in water and a solution is obtained for spraying plants.

Rovral

This is a contact fungicide intended for the local treatment of fungal diseases. The affected areas are lubricated with the drug solution. You can also water the ground with it before planting plants.

Mechanism of action: the active substance iprodione stops the reproduction and germination of spores, and also negatively affects the development of the fungus.

This fungicide is effective against verticellosis, fucaria, late blight, and powdery mildew in various garden and garden crops.

"Rovral" can be used in small doses for preventive treatment of plants. It is also recommended to treat seeds before long-term storage.

Available in powder form.

Score

"Skor" is used for the treatment and prevention of scab, powdery mildew, various types of spots, moniliosis, coccomycosis.

This fungicide can be used to treat plants in all phases of development.

The big advantage of this drug is its speed of action.

It can be found on sale in the form of an emulsion.

Topsin-M

The active ingredient of this fungicide is methyl thiophanate. Spreading throughout the plant, this component stops the growth of the fungus and also blocks the processes of sporulation.

Penetration into the plant occurs through the root system.

In addition to fungi, it also destroys insect pests (for example, aphids), as it also has an insecticidal effect.

TO positive aspects This drug also includes: speed of action; the ability to use this drug both for the treatment and prevention of fungal diseases; efficiency; safety for people and plants.

This drug will work better and faster if it has already been used previously as a prophylactic agent.

Available in the form of an emulsion, as well as a water-soluble powder.

Trichodermin

This is a biological fungicide made from natural ingredients. It has become an excellent alternative to chemical pesticides.

This drug is based on a strain of saprophytic fungi Trichoderma lignorium. This fungus, when it gets on the substrate, begins to actively grow and multiply. In the process of its life activity, it releases special substances - natural antibiotics. These substances have a negative effect on the harmful fungus, leading to its death.

Other positive qualities of the drug also include the fact that it is completely safe for people and animals, does not accumulate in fruits, and is also able to increase the amount of harvest. In addition to fighting fungi, it has a beneficial effect on the soil and also accelerates plant growth.

The effect of the drug is quite long - it lasts about a month.

"Trichodermin" is effective against more than fifty different pathogens of fungal diseases.

Available in powder and suspension form.

Fitosporin-M

This natural fungicide is made from the bacteria Bacillus subtilis. Antibiotics secreted by these bacteria have a detrimental effect on pathogenic fungi that have infected your plants.

Effective against many fungal diseases, including black rot, rust, root rot, late blight and many others.

It is practically non-toxic, which allows it to be used for treating indoor flowers. Its additional effect is to stimulate plant growth.

Available in three forms - powder, paste, solution.

Hom

This fungicide is based on copper oxychloride.

Can act as an analogue of Bordeaux mixture. But the main difference from it (unfortunately, negative) is that “Hom” is very easily washed off with water from plants, so it is not durable.

Used to combat late blight, peronosporosis, spotting.

Mechanism of action of the drug: after treating the plant, the drug reaches the foci of fungal infection and penetrates their cells. There, the fungicide affects the synthesis of substances important for the fungus, and this causes the death of the fungus.

This fungicide is not addictive to pathogenic organisms, so it is always effective in combating them.

Horus

"Horus" is a fungicide with a systemic type of action. It is based on cyprodinil.

Designed for spraying crops; after treatment, it forms a thin layer on plants that protects them from infection.

It is used for the treatment and prevention of diseases such as scab, coccomycosis, moniliosis, leaf curl and some others.

The advantages of the drug also include the fact that it is active at low temperatures, non-phytotoxic, economical, and easy to use.

Here is a list of most fungicides used to treat and protect plants from fungal diseases. After reading it, you will have an idea of ​​what fungicides are, how they can help your plant, and which fungicide is best to choose to save your plants.

Kirill Sysoev

Calloused hands never get bored!

Content

Fungi are the causative agents of many plant diseases. Special chemicals called fungicides can suppress their spread. They exhibit two forms of activity: fungicidal (destruction of the fungus) and fungistatic (partial suppression of development). These substances are one of the types of pesticides - chemicals, used in the fight against pests and diseases of plant crops.

Fungicides for plants

The term “fungicide” is derived from two Latin words: “fungus” (mushroom) and “caedo” (kill). From the name you can understand that they are chemical substances designed to combat pathogenic fungi that cause diseases in plants. Fungicides are drugs that exhibit two types of properties:

• protective - fungicidal (destruction of the fungus) and fungistatic (suspends the development of spores and mycelium of the pathogen);
• preventive – prevents infection of crops.

Fungicides are included in the group of pesticides along with insecticides, bactericides, nematicides and acaricides. All these substances belong to the category of toxic chemicals. Fungicidal properties are exhibited by:

• sulfur and its compounds, such as barium and calcium polysulfides;
• metal salts, including copper, cadmium and mercury;
• salts of dithiocarbamic acids;
• phenol derivatives;
• derivatives of triazole, imidazole.

Kinds

There are different classifications of fungicidal agents. The criterion for identifying species is the purpose of processing the plant. Taking this into account, fungicides are:

1. Protective. They are used to treat healthy crops to prevent diseases.
2. Medicinal. They are used for treatment after the disease is detected.

Depending on the composition, fungicidal preparations are divided into organic and inorganic. The former consist of special microorganisms that, after performing their functions, decompose in the soil. Inorganic include chemical compounds:

• copper;
• gland;
• sulfur;
• mercury;
• nickel;
• manganese

Another classification divides fungicides into types based on the principle of action:

1. System. The active components of the compositions of this category are absorbed into the vascular system of the plant, subsequently moving through its structures. For this reason, systemic garden fungicides are effective for a month.
2. Contact. They show activity on the part of the vegetation where they were applied.
3. System-contact. Considered more effective in protecting against fungi. Some components have a contact effect, while others have a systemic effect.

Fungicidal effect

The active components of fungicidal agents interfere with biochemical reactions in fungal cells or block the enzymes that control them. There are different groups of fungicides with specific properties:

• triazoles, pyrimidines, morpholines, piperazines - block the biosynthesis of ergosterol - an integral component of fungal cell membranes;
• organophosphorus – suppress the formation of a lipid that is part of the membranes of the pathogen’s cell;
• hydroxypyrimidines and alanine derivatives – inhibit the synthesis of nucleic acids;
• antibiotics (blasticidin, cycloheximide, kasugamycin) - suppress protein synthesis.

Fungicidal preparations

This type of pesticide is available in the form of suspensions, powders, concentrated solutions or tablets. Each drug has instructions that are followed when spraying. It is recommended to use freshly prepared fungicidal agents. This way their antifungal properties will be more pronounced. Different shapes The release of this type of pesticides has a specific purpose:

1. Powders are often added to the ground when digging or dissolved with water, and then used for watering.
2. Other categories are shown for processing tubers and seed material.
3. The largest group of fungicides is used during the period of active crop growth to treat green parts.
4. Another group of drugs is used to prevent spoilage of grain stocks or vegetables in vegetable warehouses and granaries.

System

Modern fungicides are a group of systemic ones. They move through the vascular system of plants, protecting new growths that appeared after treatment. The main purpose of use is the treatment of already diseased crops, but it can be used for preventive purposes. Among the systemic fungicides, the following products are distinguished:

1. Glyocladin. A biological preparation used for the prevention or treatment of root rot in indoor and garden crops and vegetables. During sowing, 1-4 tablets should be placed in the soil. The protective effect lasts for 1-1.5 months.
2. Quadris. The active substance in the composition is azoxystrobin. Available in 1 liter bottles and 6 ml bags. Effective against brown spot of vegetable crops and grapevines, downy or powdery mildew, and late blight. The drug is able to protect peas, cabbage, potatoes, cucumbers, tomatoes, and lawns. Use for protection indoor plants Extreme caution is recommended. The product is phytotoxic for certain varieties of apple trees.
3. Mikosan. Biological agent, used for garden and indoor crops. The substances in the composition do not destroy the fungus, but help fight it more effectively by stimulating the production of lectins in tissues. It is rational to use Mikosan in the early stages, when some spots appear on the leaves. To soak planting material, you need to dilute 100 ml of the product in 10 liters of water.
4. Planriz. Considered one of the most effective means against fusarium, verticillium, gray rot, ascochyta, alternaria, formosa. The product is completely biological with unique composition bacteria that actively populate the root system produce enzymes and antibiotics in it. They suppress the development of root rot. Additionally, bacteria increase the general immunity of vegetative crops. The average consumption rate is 0.5 liters per 10 liters of water.
5. Forecast. A fungicide from the category of chemicals used to protect gooseberries, wild strawberries, strawberries, currants and raspberries from spotting, scab, and powdery mildew. The consumption rate is 1 ml/1 l of water. The working fluid is consumed in an amount of about 1.5 liters per 10 square meters. m.
6. Raek. The peculiarity of this fungicide is its long period of protection against scab, powdery mildew and coccomycosis. The effect is observed within 2 hours after spraying. The product is used in relation to fruit crops. Available in two forms: ampoules of 2 ml of the substance and bottles of 10, 50 or 100 ml. The working solution consists of 1.5-2 ml and 10 liters of water. It is necessary to treat crops with it no more than once every 14 days.

1. Speed An analogue of the drug is Raek. Skor is effective for scab, oidium, powdery mildew. The solution is prepared from 2-5 ml of the composition and 10 liters of water. The effect of the working fluid after treatment lasts for 1-2 weeks. Skor is non-toxic for people and animals, and completely harmless for birds.
2. Thanos. Fungicide based on cymoxanil. The substance penetrates into the tissues of the leaves, therefore it has a therapeutic effect even 1-2 days after infection. Used to protect tomatoes, sunflowers, potatoes, and onions. Release form: water-soluble granules. In the working solution, they are resistant to washing off due to their ability to bind to the natural wax of plant crops.
3. Topaz. The composition includes penconazole in a proportion of 100 g/l. The drug is in the form of an emulsion concentrate. The product exhibits fungicidal activity against powdery mildew, sulfur and rust in vegetables, ornamentals, fruit crops and grapevines. For the first two diseases, the concentration of a solution of 2 ml per 10 liters of water is shown. For powdery mildew, the amount of emulsion is increased to 4 ml. There is 1 treatment per 1-2 weeks. Topaz is moderately toxic to humans and animals and is not dangerous to fish and birds.
4. Fundazol. The basis of the product is benomyl at a concentration of 500 g/kg. Fundazol is a disinfectant with a broad spectrum of action against most fungal diseases of leaves and seeds. The drug is compatible with many pesticides, growth regulators and fertilizers. A sign of this is the absence of sediment after mixing. Foundationazol is presented as a wetting powder, creamy or white. For 1 liter of water, 20 g of product is required. Treatment should be carried out no more than 2 times a season. The effectiveness of the product is greater at higher temperatures.
5. Horus. Based on cyprodinil, the concentration of which is 750 g/kg. It is water-dispersible granules. The product protects pome fruit crops from Alternaria blight, moniliosis, scab, and grapes - from berry rot, stone fruit crops - from moniliosis, leaf curl, coccomycosis. 2 hours after application, Horus is no longer washed off by rain. The drug is more effective in cool, damp weather. At temperatures above 25 degrees, its activity decreases. The plants can be processed for the last time 14-30 days before harvest. Depending on the disease and type of crop, 2 g of Horus is diluted in 5 or 10 liters of water.
6. Pure flower. It is considered especially effective against powdery mildew, gray rot, and spotting. The advantage of the product is that the risk of being washed off by rain is minimal, this is due to the rapid penetration of the active component into the leaf tissue. The release form of Pure Flower is a high concentration emulsion. The working fluid is prepared from 5 liters of water and 2-4 ml of product. Treatment with it is carried out during the growing season for the purpose of prevention or at the first symptoms of infection.

Contact

The principle of contact fungicides is to protect only the parts where they are applied. These drugs do not have preventive properties. Their activity greatly depends on precipitation, the amount of working solution, chemical resistance and duration of action. Popular in the contact fungicide category are:

1. Agate. In addition to protecting crops from diseases, it helps increase productivity. Agate has a beneficial effect on the development of the root system and increases seed germination. For prevention purposes, you can use a fungicide for indoor plants. The product is produced in the form of a flowing paste in jars of 10 g. One spoon of the composition is enough for 3 liters of water. Spraying is carried out 3-4 times a season with breaks of 20 days.
2. Albite. In addition to the fungicidal effect, the drug promotes growth and development cultural plantings. It cures only early fungal infections. It is necessary to use a concentrated paste for watering the soil and spraying diseased plants. You can also use it to soak seeds before planting. To prepare the solution, you need to dilute 1-3 ml of concentrate in a small amount of water, gradually increasing the volume to 10 liters.
3. Bravo. It is used if wheat, potatoes, peppers and other vegetable crops are affected by the fungus. Chlorothalonil in the composition exhibits fungicidal activity. It helps get rid of late blight and perennial blight. The protective effect lasts 12-14 days. The consumption rate is 2.3-3.1 l/ha for cucumbers, potatoes, wheat, 3-3.3 l/ha for tomatoes and onions.
4. Baktofit. This product is used to treat fruit and berry crops, carnations, and roses to protect against pathogens, including powdery mildew. Baktofit is recommended for use when it is not possible to use chemicals. It works better in cool weather, even during periods of frequent rainfall, but must be applied a day before it rains. Repeat treatment after 5 days. The consumption rate is 2 g/l of water.
5. Bona Forte (Bona Forte). This composition is part of the comprehensive care for house plants older than one year. Treatment includes 3 stages: treatment and prevention of insects, fertilizing with fertilizers, stimulating the growth of green mass and the immune system. Bona Forte is effective against fungal infections, rust, and powdery mildew. To prepare the solution, you need to dilute 1 ampoule with 5 liters of water. The product cannot be stored.
6. Gamair. This biological preparation based on Bacillus subtilis is necessary for the treatment and prevention of diseases in indoor and garden plants. It is particularly active against leaf spot of bacterial origin, powdery mildew, late blight, and fusarium. The irrigation solution is prepared from 1 tablet and 5 liters of water. For spraying you need to take 2 pieces.

1. Maksim. Used to protect plants from diseases and disinfect soil. It helps get rid of root rot, fusarium, and mold. Available in 2 ml ampoules. One piece is diluted in 1-2 liters of water. The soil can be watered or sprayed. It is recommended to treat bulbs, seeds, and tubers with the solution immediately before planting. The working fluid must be used within 24 hours, so it must be used all at once.
2. Strobe. Kresoxim-methyl in the pesticide at a concentration of 500 g/kg is effective against powdery mildew, black spot, rust, scab, and root canker of shoots. For 10 liters you need to add 3-5 ml of the composition. The product is used only for prevention. If fungal spores are present, the drug will not be effective. The solution is suitable for soaking seeds of indoor plants.
3. Trichodermin. Has a biological method of action. Indicated for the prevention of root system infections in indoor flowers and ornamental crops. The solution of the drug can be used to soak the seeds and water them. Such procedures help prevent root rot, rhizoctonia, and late blight. Release form: powder in a bag weighing 10 g. It is diluted in 10 liters of water. The solution can be stored for up to 1 month in the refrigerator at a temperature not exceeding 5 degrees.
4. Trichophyte. Judging by the reviews, it is effective against root rot and sulfur. The product is sold in the form of a suspension. About 25 g of it are diluted with 1 liter of water. It shouldn't be too warm. The finished mixture is used for watering the soil and spraying foliage. For humans, Trichophyte is slightly toxic, so it can be used at home.
5. Fitosporin-M. A representative of microbiological preparations designed to protect garden, indoor, greenhouse and vegetable crops from bacterial and fungal diseases. Release forms: paste, powder, liquid. Bulbs and seeds are subject to treatment with them before planting or crops in the future. Fitosporin is incompatible with drugs that have an alkaline reaction. It can even be frozen, this does not change the properties of the composition.

System-contact

It's more effective types fungicides due to the combination of active components with contact and systemic action. They can be used both for the treatment and prevention of fungal diseases. Among the fungicidal preparations with such properties are:

1. Alirin. Includes soil microflora Bacillus subtilis, available in dry powder and tablets. The drug suppresses fungal infections on plants and in soil, eliminates alternaria, rhizoctonia, septoria, root rot, powdery mildew. For a 10 liter bucket you need to use 2 tablets. Watering is carried out with this solution. For spraying, you need to dilute 2 tablets in 1 liter. You should not carry out more than 3 treatments. The interval between them should be 5-7 days.
2. Vectra. Used for the treatment and prevention of powdery mildew or scab in pear and apple trees, and oidium in grapes. The active ingredient is bromuconazole suspension concentrate. The working solution is prepared from 2-3 ml of the product and 10 liters of water. It is necessary to use up to 5 liters of liquid for a fruit-bearing tree, and up to 2 liters for a growing tree. Repeated treatment is indicated after 10-14 days. The latter must be no later than 10 days before the start of harvest.
3. Vitaros. Indicated for use when processing planting material (seeds and bulbs) when planting indoor plants and gardens. Vitaros suppresses fungus not only on the surface of the plant, but also inside. There are ampoules of 2 ml and bottles of 10, 50 and 100 ml on sale. The average consumption rate is 2 ml per 1 liter of water. IN ready solution seeds or bulbs are soaked for 2 hours.
4. Fitolavin. It is a prophylactic drug, used to prevent moniliosis, vascular bacteriosis, bacterial burn, root rot, anthracnose. It is a water-soluble concentrate in bottles or ampoules. Fitolavin does not destroy beneficial fauna, easily penetrates into crop tissue, and acts quickly. For 10 liters of water you need to take 20 ml of concentrate.

Copper compounds were the first to be used as plant protection agents against infections. Their effectiveness is due to the presence of moisture when applied to the organs of vegetative plants. Copper-containing preparations for plants exhibit protective and contact-prophylactic effects. From solutions, the active substance is gradually adsorbed by fungi until a lethal dose occurs. The following drugs have similar properties:

1. Abiga Peak. Contains copper oxychloride in a concentration of 400 g/l, presented in an aqueous suspension. Belongs to the category of contact fungicidal preparations. Abiga-Pik is active against fungal diseases in industrial, vegetable, flower, fruit and ornamental plants. Processing must be carried out in calm weather, always using a respirator. For 10 liters of water take 40-50 g of suspension, depending on the type of plant.
2. Bordeaux mixture. It is prepared in a special way. About 300 g of lime is slaked with water. The same is repeated with copper sulfate. Add 2-3 liters to lime hot water. Each solution is brought to a 5-liter volume. Next, the lime is filtered through double gauze, and copper sulfate is poured into it in a stream. The working mixture is actively stirred. It should have a bright blue color - this is a sign of proper concentration. A lack of lime can burn the plant, because it is an acidity neutralizer. The mixture can be stored for up to a day, provided that 7-10 g of sugar per 10 liters of solution is added to it.
3. Kurzat R. Provides reliable protection against fungal diseases due to the combination of two active components: cymoxanil and copper oxychloride. The substances provide preventive, therapeutic and protective action. The composition does not cause immunity to fungi. Plant protection from pathogens lasts for a month. Kurzat is not dangerous for honey-bearing insects and warm-blooded animals. For 10 liters of water, use 30-50 g of wettable powder.
4. Copper sulfate. It contains copper sulfate, which helps in the treatment of diseases in pome, stone fruit, ornamental, berry, and fruit crops. It is a soluble powder. For 500-700 ml of water with a temperature of 40-50 degrees, you need to take 100 g. Stirring, bring the volume of the solution to 10 liters. You should not use metal utensils for cooking. The working mixture must be used on the same day. It should not be mixed with other drugs. Spraying is carried out in the morning or evening, when the weather is dry and wind activity is minimal.
5. Ordan. It is a cream or white powder, packaged in 25 g bags. It is effective for the treatment of fungal infections in potatoes, tomatoes, grapes, cucumbers and other crops if they are infected with peronospora, late blight, powdery mildew. Before use, the powder should be diluted with a small amount of liquid, and then the volume should be increased to 5 liters.
6. Profit Gold. Belongs to the category of contact-systemic, is effective against Alternaria and late blight. Antifungal activity is due to cymoxanil in the composition. This substance is quickly absorbed by the leaves. Additionally, the composition includes famoxadone. It remains on the surface for a long time. The drug itself is represented by dark brown granules that have a slight specific odor. One sachet can contain 1.5, 3 or 6 g. The concentration of the product in the working solution depends on the disease and culture.
7. Oksikhom. In addition to copper oxychloride, it includes oxadixyl. Presented as a soluble powder. Oxychome is used for macrosporiosis and late blight in potatoes and tomatoes, and downy mildew in cucumbers. The drug is effective against oomycete fungi. Is dangerous substance, therefore it cannot be mixed with other compounds. Depending on the crop, 30-35 g of powder are diluted in 10 liters.
8. Home. Is a representative of systemic contact drugs. The composition includes copper oxychloride. Hom is produced in bags of 20 or 40 g. It is active against scab of pears and apple trees, rot of plums, curl of peach leaves and mildew in grapevines. The working fluid is prepared by mixing 40 g of the substance and 10 liters of water. For indoor crops, 2-3 treatments are recommended, for garden crops – up to 5.

Fungicide treatment

The treatment procedure can be carried out using a solution when plants or soil are sprayed or watered. There is also a method of etching or adding powder to the soil. Regardless of the degree of toxicity of the fungicide, some rules must be followed:

• put on old unnecessary clothes that cover the entire body;
• use a respirator or medical mask to protect your face;
• Wear special transparent glasses over your eyes;
• at the end of the procedure, wash your hands with antibacterial soap;
• wash clothes, dry them, iron them and put them in a separate drawer.

Treatment of indoor plants

To prevent and treat diseases in indoor plants, systemic and contact fungicides are used. Experts recommend paying attention to biological products. They must be used according to the following instructions:

• depending on the selected drug, prepare a working solution from it, diluting it according to the packaging instructions;
• It is better to carry out the procedure before watering and in the morning, so that the room is ventilated during the day;
• pour the solution into a container with a sprayer, set it to the finest spray;
• spray evenly over the entire surface of the plant, without getting on the flowers themselves (it is better to cover them with a piece of paper);
• if the procedure is carried out in the summer, then remove the flower from direct sunlight to avoid burns;
• Blot drops of liquid on large leaves.

Treatment of garden plants

Do not start processing on a cloudy day due to the high risk of precipitation. The same applies to very windy weather, when the chemicals will be blown in the wrong direction. For processing, it is worth buying a special sprayer: lever, pump, battery or gasoline. Backpack or wheel sprayers are also convenient to use. The spraying procedure is carried out as follows:

• put on old clothes And special means protection;
• prepare a solution, pour it into a spray bottle or sprayer;
• process the required crops, evenly distributing the working fluid over each plant;
• wash the device while wearing protective equipment;
• then remove clothes, wash your hands and face thoroughly with antibacterial soap, and rinse things with soap.

Price for fungicides

You can buy this type of pesticide at markets, outdoor trays and specialized stores for gardeners. It is easy to purchase them in online stores by ordering and paying for your purchase online. Specific prices for the formulations listed above are shown in the table:

Name	Volume, mass	Price, rubles