There are different types of wall paints. The choice will primarily be influenced by the environment. The volume of the room will also affect, because there are different types of wall painting, if the area is large, then it will be necessary to use a spray gun and not any dye will do.

It is about the rules for choosing dyes that we will talk today. In the video and photo you can see different options for the material and choose the one that suits you.

Types of wall paint primarily differ according to the environment of use.

Here they are divided into two main types:

• For outdoor surfaces. And this dye will perfectly tolerate temperature extremes and a humid environment. Its price is slightly higher than internal dyes.
• Paints for interior surfaces. This material is used only in heated rooms. Otherwise, the coating will quickly become unusable.

Attention: On the packaging of each dye there is an instruction on the modes of application. Pay attention to this first.

The mechanism of action of any paint is the appearance of a film on the treated area that hides the surface, steadily protecting it from various influences. This is the light of the sun, rain, dust, corrosion.

The chemical composition of paints includes elements called carrier, binder, pigment. Thanks to the binder, the pigment particles form, after drying, a continuous film that has the required adhesion to the surface. The brightness of the paint depends on the amount of pigment.

Modern technologies of manufacturers use this moment to create paints of various color saturations, matte, glossy.

Attention: When choosing a paint, take into account that glossy types of materials reveal any imperfections in surface preparation. The carrier gives the composition ductility, smoothness as a result of staining. Evaporation occurs during the drying process. Depending on the film-forming base, paints are alkyd, silicate, emulsion, adhesive.

Varieties of dyes

Arriving at the shopping center, at the construction market, endless rows of beautiful jars can be looked at for a long time. It is useful to know that the first letters of the inscriptions on them indicate the type of film-forming system.

For example, AD (polyamides), AK (polyacrylic). According to the operating conditions, the main groups are facade paints for external work and used for interior (interior) decoration.

Emulsion paints

The chemical composition in the form of an emulsion is created by distributing a binding base, various coloring particles in water. A strong emulsion in a dried form is not washed off. The paints dry quickly, do not have an unpleasant odor, are resistant to alkalis, and are easily washed off before drying, which creates certain conveniences in work.

After emulsion paints, you can create options for changing the interior on other types of material. But the emulsion solutions themselves cannot be applied to surfaces with a previous treatment with glossy, adhesive types of paints.

Emulsion paints are available in the following types:

• Water-based paints, water-dispersion

The common properties of these types are strong adhesion to the surface without peeling, good permeability of air flows, water vapor.

1. They are used in wet areas. Paints are not frost resistant. They are able to keep the chosen color for a long time.
2. The difference is observed in the existence of matte water-based compositions with a wide variety of shades of color, which, unfortunately, are gradually washed off.
3. Among them there are special types used to create volumetric effects.
4. Due to their high plasticity, they create patterns of complex shape on the painted area.
5. Water-dispersion paint variants, such as white, withstand repeated washing and Italian wall paints are particularly successful in this regard.
6. They are applied to the surface at a temperature not lower than +5C.

• Acrylic

Acrylic resins are used as a binding element, creating the elasticity necessary when working, for example, with wooden elements.

1. Paints are able to close small hairline cracks with a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
2. After high-quality drying, they become frost-resistant, capable of protecting, for example, reinforced concrete walls.
3. The property of low impermeability of gases requires the use of plaster paint not earlier than 30 days after its hardening.

Attention: This type of coloring composition is not recommended for damp walls, despite their high mechanical resistance.

Of all the emulsion types of paints, they are considered the most expensive. This is due to the use of latex in the production technology, which creates a very powerful water-repellent effect.

1. Due to this, hair defects with a thickness of about 1 mm are hidden, the surface can withstand repeated washing with alkaline solutions without any disturbance.
2. Latex paints are applied on areas made of concrete, brick, drywall. The paint dries quickly. The second layer is applied after 15, 20 minutes on wallpaper, plaster, ceiling.
3. It does not have a heavy smell, which is convenient to use. The paint has light fastness worse than acrylic types.
4. A distinctive feature of latex paints is the ability to obtain mirror-smooth, matte silky surfaces with an original shine.
5. The solvent is water, which makes it easy to remove unwanted splashes with a wet wipe. This golden wall paint looks especially nice.

• Polyvinyl acetate

One of the inexpensive, but environmentally friendly types of emulsion paints suitable for painting ceilings. Frequent washing is not recommended to avoid partial washing off of the paint. They are resistant to UV damage.

• Silicone

The bonding element in the form of emulsified silicone resin provides high water repellency.

1. The film formed after drying perfectly passes water vapor, air. Elastic. Hides defects about 2 mm in size.
2. Even plaster is painted after 50 hours, instead of thirty days. The coating allows wet processing. It does not allow the development of harmful microorganisms. The disadvantage is the high cost.
3. In this segment, chameleon paint for walls is also produced.

Alkyd paints

A popular type of material based on alkyd resin. Often used for painting elements made of metal, wood, pre-plastered walls. Waterproof, not harmful, waterproof. They do not have a negative impact on human health.

Their main types are:

silicate paints

The chemical composition contains liquid glass, which provides high rates of steam, air permeability, temperature differences, and low sensitivity to water.

Water is used to dilute paints:

• When working, it is taken into account that silicate paints are not applied to walls that were previously covered with acrylic, alkyd compounds. After them, too, there will be great difficulties in case of replacement with another coating option.
• This dye is also available with various additives, and wall paint with glitter and other additives can be selected.

Adhesive paints

To create used organic polymers dissolved in water. In terms of properties, paints approach emulsion types, but their resistance to water is much lower.

Their main types are:

Casein	Used for exterior and interior painting. They are the most stable, beautiful of the adhesive paint options. They form a high-quality coating on brick, concrete, plaster.
Dextrinated	The composition of the paints includes bone glue, which does not allow creating the required water resistance. Therefore, they are used only for interior decoration of walls.
Adhesive	Attracts the attention of a huge selection of shades, environmental friendliness, ease of use. But you need to know that adhesive compositions are not stable in an atmosphere with high humidity. In rooms with insufficient air access, adhesive coatings become a habitat for various harmful microbes and mold. Their shelf life is sharply reduced, other problems arise.

Facade paints

The main requirement for them is increased resistance to atmospheric conditions:

• This is a weak fading in active sunlight, mechanical resistance under the influence of repeated rains, snow. The requirements must be met regardless of the type of surface to be covered, eg wood, concrete, brick, metal.
• Numerous manufacturers offer acrylic, silicate, silicone formulations as facade paints. The technology of their creation provides for a difference in operation, application from the same paints used for interior spaces.
• As a rule, their plasticity parameter is higher. The surface of the outer walls is not so smooth. Paint adhesion is different than indoors.
• Usually the packaging indicates what type of work the paint is intended for. This factor must be clarified when choosing paint.

Modern technologies offer a large selection of silicone paints that combine the best properties of silicate, acrylic options. The paints form a film resistant to water on any mineral surface, which practically does not get dirty, always looks clean.

Special paints

Sometimes the specifics of the room may require the use of special dyes. It can be anti-vandal wall paint or non-flammable wall paint. It is in these cases that special dyes will be required.

When choosing paint, all applications are thought out. This is the type of housing, the general lighting of the rooms, the age of the residents, the harmonious connection with all the premises.

A list of general requirements might look like this:

• Premises for a long stay of a person. This is the living room. Bedroom, offices, study. Finishing is recommended to be carried out with breathable paints that allow air to pass through. These are all types of water-dispersion, acrylic paints.
• Kitchens, bathrooms, utility rooms are recommended to be painted with oil, glossy, certain types of water-dispersion paints, which form a dense film that protects the surface well.
• Children's rooms are painted with water-dispersion paints that allow air to pass through, creating a special microclimate that is beneficial for the children's body. There are no toxic elements in the paint.
• The choice of colors for the entire apartment is important for the mental state of the residents. To create a pleasant, cozy atmosphere that improves mood, light shades of the selected type of paint help. Curtains, furniture, cozy lamps will effectively complement the beauty of the walls and ceiling.

You can apply any of the listed dyes with your own hands and there is a detailed article on our website for the proper preparation and application of each of the materials.

Modern trends in design are now relegating the role of wallpaper in the interior to the background. The popularity of paints is noted, which allow you to independently choose the color, texture and gloss of the painted surface.

So, with all the variety of products presented, how to make the right choice when carrying out repairs?

How to make the right choice

When choosing paint in a store, it is necessary to clearly define what properties it should have, for what purposes the room is intended and what type of surface is to be painted (wood, wallpaper, plaster, drywall, etc.)

The main criteria for choosing paint for walls and ceilings are consumption, hiding power, drying time, adhesion and emission class.

What do these terms mean?

The consumption of paints and varnishes is indicated as the required number of grams per 1 m2, or as the number of meters that can be covered with one liter. The packaging usually indicates the average.

Hiding power refers to the amount of paint in grams that needs to be applied per 1 m2 to cover the previous color.

The drying time of the surface is an important criterion when choosing a paint. Usually it has 2 values ​​- from the appearance of a surface film to complete curing.

The emission class determines the amount of volatile substances emitted by the paint, such as formaldehyde, ammonia and carcinogens. The inscription on the can M1 indicates that the coating does not emit volatile substances and is completely safe for use even in children's rooms, M2 - during operation, the product emits a small amount of harmful substances, M3 - the material has not been tested, or the allowable drug release rates have been exceeded. Such paints should only be used for facade work.

Adhesion is the quality of adhesion of a coating to a surface. The label usually contains a list of surfaces for which this paint is suitable.

It is worth paying attention to the declared moisture resistance of the paint and its resistance to washing. These parameters are especially important when choosing a material for decorating bathrooms and kitchens. A good indicator of paintwork is sufficient wear resistance.

How to choose wall paint

All paints are divided into facade (for outdoor use) and interior (for indoor use).

The most popular paints for wall and ceiling decoration are acrylic, latex, alkyd and silicone. Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Water-based paints are the best option for interior work. They do not have an unpleasant odor, have low emissions of harmful substances and are suitable for many types of surfaces. In this article, we will look at the most popular types of water-based wall paints.

Acrylic wall paints have the advantages of high elasticity, fade resistance, increased strength, high water repellency and ease of tinting. They are well suited for painting wooden surfaces, drywall and wallpaper for painting.

Latex paints are produced on a water-dispersion basis and do not contain harmful chemical compounds, which is a definite plus.

The covering turns out steady against many types of influence thanks to the natural latex which is available in its structure. Harmlessness and resistance to detergents make this paint an ideal choice for children's rooms.

Silicone paints are based on silicone resins and water as a solvent. The advantages of their choice are good vapor permeability and resistance to fading, pollution and high humidity.

The material can be safely applied to concrete, brick, natural stone and mineral plaster. Silicone coatings with flame retardant additives and antibacterial components are also on sale.

Alkyd paints are used as a universal coating for wood, concrete, cement and gypsum surfaces. The binder here is an alkyd resin, made on the basis of vegetable oil with organic acids.

This type of paintwork is used extremely rarely due to the long drying time and the specific smell. Painting the walls with this paint is not the best idea, it will look more harmonious for placing some bright accents in the interior when applied to a small area.

Textured paints

Not so long ago, textured paints appeared on the paintwork market, with which you can change not only the color of the walls in the room, but also create an imitation of cork, wood or stone coating. Also, this paintwork has a different degree of gloss. It is used to decorate brick, concrete and wooden surfaces.

After applying a protective layer of decorative wax, the coating becomes waterproof. The paint acquires relief due to the presence of quartz chips and other fillers in it. It is well tinted, if desired, you can order a color from the manufacturer.

The downside is the peculiarity of preparation for application - the paint is not suitable for walls with irregularities and depressions of more than 2 mm.

How to choose wall paint color

Since finding the right paint color for you can be a very difficult task, it is recommended to buy a coating with the possibility of adding special tinting pastes to it, which will help achieve the desired result.

To do this, carefully study the catalogs of tinting pigments presented to you, intended for the selected paintwork. This will help determine the choice of the desired shade. It will also help to study photos of wall paints on the Internet using the example of the interiors you like.

When choosing the main color of the room, you should not choose too bright options. According to designers, it is better to choose calmer shades of the colors you like, this will make your interior more comfortable.

Also, when choosing, test painting on a limited section of the wall will help. With this approach, it is much more convenient to assess how suitable this or that shade is in the interior, whether it overlaps the previous color of the surface.

You should not choose dark shades for small rooms - this will visually reduce the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. In this case, colors of a lighter, warmer range are suitable. When choosing, you should pay attention to the expected glossiness of the walls after painting.

It is worth remembering that glossy surfaces always enhance the saturation of colors, while matte surfaces muffle them. Also, the glossy coating harmoniously looks only on flat surfaces without bumps and recesses, while matte colors hide minor wall defects.

Wall paint photo

In a residential area, it is very important to create a cozy and comfortable environment, for which a wide variety of means are used. Beautiful furniture, household appliances and other modern technologies are only part of the overall design. In order for the picture to be complete, it is necessary to make beautiful walls in the room. In these cases, modern paints come to the rescue.

Peculiarities

Previously, the paint was represented by only a few options. In one case, it was possible to paint on the street and in rooms with high humidity, and in the second case, inside the building and in the complete absence of moisture. Now there is a huge number of compounds that can be used on different surfaces.

In order for the interior of the painted room to look stylish and rich, it is important to strictly adhere to the work plan. The walls must initially be leveled to an ideal state, and then you can start painting.

In cases where there are too large irregularities, drywall slabs are laid out, obtaining a perfectly even base.

New paints provide unlimited possibilities in the coloring of the room. For each room there is a range of colors that will best suit the room, make it more spacious and cozy. The specifics of illumination, dimensions and clutter with furniture dictate the choice of one color or another. It is important that current trends encourage the use of several colors within the same room, which allows you to highlight a specific functional area.

Modern compositions create a protective layer for the walls, the repair process is faster than with any other method of finishing. Caring for such surfaces is much easier than for the same wallpaper. The species diversity of colors increases from year to year.

In addition, there are numerous options for applying a paint coating. In addition to painting with a brush or roller, spray guns, spray guns, and aerosols are now used. In different situations, this reduces the cost of painting scale planes or very small areas.

Being engaged in the development of modern paints, the main task of the researchers was to create a coating that would be beautiful, easy to apply and, in addition, allowing the walls to breathe. This is one of the important properties that was not in the outdated versions. If the wall breathes, then fungus, mold does not form on it, it is always dry. All these advantages made it possible to use paint as the main tool for repairing an apartment and painting any of the premises. The main thing is to know which type to use for each of the rooms in the apartment.

Pros and cons of wall painting

Like any material for finishing a dwelling, paints have their advantages and disadvantages.

Positive properties:

• Surface pretreatment. The stage of work involves treating the wall with antiseptics, a primer that can destroy any fungi and mold. If the process proceeds correctly, then as a result, any cracks and chips on the surface are removed, which means that there will no longer be places for the development of various kinds of microorganisms.
• Fast work in case of re-coating. If the wall is already painted and there is a need to refresh the color, then a new layer is applied and the work can be considered finished. It is important to inspect the surface well for irregularities or cracks that need to be dealt with before a new repair.
• Easy to clean cover. Painted walls are easy to clean, so care for them is simple and convenient. Any dust, dirt and other contaminants can be quickly removed without damaging the coating.
• Safety with pets. If pets can scratch the wallpaper that was so diligently pasted during the repair, then the paint on the walls will not interest them at all. Painted surfaces will remain intact for the entire period of operation.
• Variety of options paint allows you not to limit your imagination and fantasy, creating original design solutions using different textures, colors and shades.

There are a number of shortcomings in the paint, which are important to mention before carrying out repair measures in the room. Of the minuses can be called:

• Lengthy preparatory work surfaces for paint application. It must have an absolutely even appearance, so that after staining you can get the desired result.
• Difficulty of the process for a beginner. If a non-professional has to work, then for the first time it may not work out to do everything right, which means that forces and materials will be wasted, and the result will leave much to be desired. In this case, only the services of a real master will help out, which cost a lot of money.
• Permanent care behind painted surfaces. The walls of the living room should be wiped regularly to prevent dirt and dust from accumulating on the surface, which will spoil it. The use of glossy helmets can only help a little in this situation.
• Low impact resistance. The painted wall does not withstand external factors, the outer layer may peel off and the surface will not look aesthetically pleasing.
• Expensive design. If there is a desire to make a drawing on the wall, then this is a job for real professionals who can accurately and beautifully embody all your ideas. However, for such delights you will have to pay a lot of money.
• Modern paint is environmentally friendly, therefore it can be used even in the nursery.

The choice of material for work is the first step towards the realization of the dream of having a beautiful and comfortable home.

Kinds

In order to choose the right coating for the walls, you need to understand the intricacies of their diversity. There are a great many modern compositions, therefore it is necessary to consider all possible options for the right choice.

Allocate such paints for walls:

• Oily- This is the most affordable option of all possible types, but its service life is less than that of the others. The composition is vegetable and mineral oils. As soon as the composition is applied to the wall, an oxidative reaction occurs with the surface, resulting in a film that does not allow the surface to breathe. After some time, the wall will begin to crack and the aesthetic appearance will be completely lost.

• Alkyd- the consistency is similar to the previous version. The composition combines soybean, linseed, and other types of oils. The base is supplemented with organic acids, which are designed to increase the wear resistance of the surface. These paints are distinguished by great durability and a bright color palette. They do not crack and do not change appearance under the influence of the sun or temperature. For residential premises are undesirable, because they have low vapor permeability. They have a strong and unpleasant odor and can easily catch fire on contact with fire.

• silicate- the composition and characteristics are noticeably better than in previous versions, but it is very difficult to find such a tool on sale. The composition of the paint contains liquid glass, which helps to make the surface durable. As a result, the painted elements withstand mechanical stress, have high adhesion - they do not peel off. This structure allows the surface to breathe, moisture, fungus and mold in this case are not terrible. A huge disadvantage is the aggressive composition for a person, his skin and mucous membranes. It is important to use protective equipment for work, but when the surface dries, it becomes absolutely safe. A variety of colors is achieved by adding pigments, the composition of which must be exclusively alkaline.

It is used only on a mineral surface, it is normally applied to walls painted with other paints and will not hold. For metal and polymer surfaces, such a composition cannot be used either. In addition, on a wall painted with silicate paint, nothing else can be applied.

• water soluble- contain a large layer of mixtures that are diluted with water or other liquid. Color diversity is achieved by adding pigments. Such a coating fits snugly against the wall and is held on it. Safe and convenient to work.
• Acrylic– their composition contains acrylic resin. The advantages include good elasticity, strength, resistance to sunlight, water. The downside in this case is the high price.

• Latex- latex is able to create a film that repels water. The advantage of paint is quick drying and the possibility of wet cleaning. Can be used on textured wallpaper and mineral surfaces. With its help, small defects in the surface of the wall are hidden. Represents the best of the options.
• Water emulsion– easy to apply and dry quickly, can be washed off with water. There is a huge variety of colors and textures. The relative strength of the coating allows you to hide minor flaws in the plane of the wall. Among water-soluble materials, this is considered the best.

• Water-dispersed– create moisture-resistant surfaces that can be washed. Water-dispersion paint is represented by only two colors: black and white, and for other shades you need to use a coloring pigment. It has a high vapor permeability, therefore it can be applied in rooms with high humidity. Such paints can withstand damage, but do not tolerate low temperatures well.
• Butadiene-styrene- consist of synthetic rubber, belong to latex paints. Very rarely found on sale, and experienced professionals do not recommend using this variety. Not afraid of water, but unstable to sunlight and very quickly loses color.

• Silicone- are the most modern and are a water-dispersed dye. This option is considered universal and is most suitable for painting walls in an apartment. With the help of such a coating, small surface irregularities can be hidden. When applied, a dense film is created, which allows you not to be afraid of moisture and carry out regular wet cleaning.
• Polyurethane- paints, the composition of which has a polyurethane resin with hardeners. Both components are mixed only before application to the surface. The durability of use can reach twenty years. The cost of such paint is high, but so are the characteristics. It withstands any vibration, sunlight, temperature difference and mechanical stress.

Special paints

Consider the following types:

• Marker- for its manufacture, the necessary materials are polyurethane, acrylic and epoxy resin. After the surface dries, it can acquire an absolutely even and smooth plane, like a marker board. The layer is very durable, resistant to mechanical stress. You can draw on it, after which it is easy to erase the image with a wet rag or napkin.
• Graphite- allows you to create a unique design using the effect of a school board. On such a surface, you can draw with chalk. The graphite wall looks interesting and aesthetically pleasing, and applying paint is very simple. It has high strength and is absolutely environmentally friendly.

It is the hypoallergenic properties that make it possible to use it in the nursery, where the baby can not limit his imagination by drawing on the walls.

• Slate- not much different from the previous version. Its dark gray color allows you to apply chalk drawings so that they are clearly visible. This option is also suitable for various rooms, but will delight children most of all. Chalk paint will give each family member the opportunity to try himself as an artist.
• Thermal insulation- a coating to give thermal insulation to the surface of the walls. Its consistency is thick, but the principle of application is the same as that of the others - it requires the use of a brush or roller. The paint contains ceramic hollow spheres, in addition, an acrylic base, corrosion inhibitors that prevent the formation of rust.
• Interior The paint must accurately reflect the features of the room where it will be applied. That is why for each of them there are their best options that will help bring the idea to life or the least suitable ones, the service life and properties of which are very low.

What you should pay attention to?

For the interior decoration of each room and operating conditions, you need to select a certain type of paint.

In order to make the right choice, you need to clearly understand the properties that will be presented to the coating, and correctly calculate the humidity of the room itself. If you have to design a kitchen or bathroom, then alkyd and polyurethane paints would be the best choice. A waterproof base will maximize the protection of the surface from excess moisture.

When it comes to hallways the main factors will be the durability of the service and resistance to various influences. In this case, it is best to use latex-acrylic compounds.

But for the bedroom, instead of it, you should choose water-based mixtures. With their help, you can create a beautiful matte surface.

When planning a painting, it is important to choose a material that will not contain a strong odor when applied. This is significant if the scope of work is large and it will take a long time to paint, or if people live in the apartment where the renovation is taking place. It is also important to look at the composition of the coating so that it does not contain harmful substances, which is especially important for work in the children's room. The paint must be environmentally friendly.

For wooden surfaces, the paint must also be carefully selected. In this case, it is better to avoid the use of aqueous materials, otherwise the service life of the coating will be reduced.

It is possible to use the composition as a heater, but in this case it is necessary to use special compositions that can protect the wall from temperature extremes as much as possible.

Color palette

To choose the most suitable paint color for walls, you need to rely on a variety of factors. This is the climate in which specific people live, the traditions and cultural characteristics of a certain people, the era that the owners of the apartment would like to recreate in their home. If the repair is to be done in a room located in sulfur countries, then it is better to use more light and warm colors. Mother-of-pearl or gold gamma can decorate any room, the main thing is to observe moderation.

For southern regions, where it is often hot, cold shades, white or turquoise colors will become popular tones. If you want to create a unique and interesting interior in an oriental style, you can use glitter murals and bright accent colors. Residents of desert and monochromatic landscapes outside the window always strive to make their home bright inside, which is facilitated by the multicolor color scheme outside the windows.

For those who like to follow fashion trends, you can make repairs in the Provence style, for which beige or ocher natural shades are perfect, their various solutions and natural textures will help support the unusual design of the room.

Do not be afraid to use non-standard colors in the interior. The black range can be successfully diluted with lighter tones and will perfectly fit into the corresponding urban interior. It is important to think over the layout of the room, accurately paint all the functional areas, and then color each section in its own way or decorate the walls in one color.

When choosing paints, it is important to deal with painted samples on different surfaces in order to accurately imagine how this or that texture will look after applying a certain material to it.

Design and texture

When choosing paint for walls, you need to already have an idea about the design of the future interior. If you divide the wall into several zones and draw horizontal lines, you can achieve an interesting appearance. Often, everything is painted in dark shades below, and lighter ones are applied on top. The disadvantage is the visual lowering of the ceiling, and the advantage is the ability to create such a design in any room.

You can create accents by highlighting certain areas with color. It is allowed to use dark tones that will highlight some kind of wall, or a darker shade from one range of colors in the room. Sharp contrast is used only in some rooms, such as a living room or a nursery.

The original design solution is the use of horizontal stripes. They are applied at eye level to focus attention on some object, picture or photograph. In this case, the wall visually lowers, but it seems wider.

You can use another option by drawing vertical stripes on one of the walls. You can choose any colors of the stripes, it is important that they are combined with the overall design of the room. An option may be to apply stripes of the same color, but with different colors, resulting in a combination of glossy and matte structure.

You can use textured compositions to obtain a relief structure. There is a chance to give the walls an expensive look by applying paint that imitates Venetian plaster or mosaic elements. Walls with a silk or velvet effect can be suitable for a bedroom that is decorated in a similar style.

It is important to choose the right color and correctly distribute the decorative elements in the living room.

Manufacturers

Among the variety of paint and varnish products, it is important to choose high-quality products. Today, the choice of such manufacturers is quite wide. Enterprises can specialize in the production of universal coatings or those with properties for specific premises.

English brands on the world market are represented by a huge range, but the best are considered from Farrow & Ball and Little Greene. These companies are among the oldest and remain true to their tradition of quality. All products are made using only natural ingredients. Proper selection of pigments allows you to create chic colors. The introduction of modern technologies only helps to improve the quality of products.

The American paint and varnish industry is not far behind the European one. The brightest representatives Ace Paint, Sherwin Williams, Clark Kensington and others. A distinctive feature of the products is very high quality and resistance to manual and mechanical washing. For production, environmentally friendly components are used, they have almost no smell and dry very quickly.

Conform to all norms and standards. The compositions were subjected to laboratory studies under harsh conditions, they did not contain hazardous chemicals that would harm humans.

The Italian wall paint industry also has its own merits. Firm Virteso is one of the leading in this country. Brand paints are distinguished by environmental friendliness, durability, ease of maintenance, ease of application, and the ability to create unique effects. Those who appreciate European quality and want to have walls painted with exquisite colors in their apartment should definitely pay attention to products from Italy.

Russia also has its worthy representation in the world market. Among decorative paints for walls, a factory is distinguished Dessa Decor, which makes good products at the best price. The advantages of such paints can be considered good viscosity, the choice of any color or shade, a strong and elastic film that forms on the surface of the wall after drying.

As soon as we are talking about painting the walls in the apartment, the first step is to decide on the choice of materials.

Fashionable trends in the design of walls in an apartment during repairs tend to fluctuate periodically. Suffice it to recall that not so long ago, wallpapers were the undivided "masters" in this area, which overshadowed all other finishing materials. However, they never refused paint - not a single repair was carried out without it. And now, thanks to the emergence of new developments and production technologies, paint is actively regaining its lost positions, and an increasing number of apartment owners give preference to it when decorating walls. Moreover, it became possible to combine two types of finishes. An example of this is wallpaper specially designed for painting.

The use of paints significantly expands the possibilities for homeowners to decorate the premises in the chosen style. Even just a toned wall is a field for the manifestation of imagination: it can be decorated with drawings, patterns, artistic compositions and other decorative elements. And if all of a sudden the design style has become “boring” or has become annoying (this also happens quite often), the walls can be repainted without resorting to large-scale repair work.

But all of the above will be true if really high-quality material is used for work. When an inexperienced person comes to a specialized store, he can “get lost” due to the abundance of samples offered, which differ in color, composition, basic purpose, performance. How not to get confused if it is the paint for the walls in the apartment that is chosen, how to choose one in order to achieve the desired beauty of the room design, and not nullify the efforts to pre-prepare the surfaces for decoration? This publication is devoted to these questions.

Advantages and disadvantages of painting walls

To begin with, let's figure out what attracts wall decoration with paint, and whether this method of decorating has any drawbacks.

Benefits a similar method of decorating walls can be called the following:

• A variety of wall decoration options - you can bring to life the most daring projects, with a combination of various shades, textures, with the application of picturesque drawings, etc. Modern paints and varnishes allow you to "play" with basic colors, achieving an almost limitless number of their various shades.

• High-quality paint, subject to careful surface preparation, creates a coating that will not lose its decorative qualities for a very long time.
• Unlike other finishing materials, a painted wall does not particularly attract pets, that is, the likelihood of scratches or gnawed corners with such a finish is significantly less.

• High-quality colorful coatings lend themselves to regular cleaning, including wet cleaning, without losing their appearance.
• Wall painting is a much more convenient way of finishing if the room has a complex configuration - it has niches, columns, curly ledges, etc. With wallpaper or decorative panels in such a situation, you have to suffer a lot.

Painting a room of complex configuration is much easier than wallpapering

• It will always be possible to eliminate minor defects if you have a small amount of paint of the desired shade in stock. Indelible mint, scratch or chip can be simply touched up.
• To change partially or even completely is much easier than with any other finishing material.

Now, let's focus on shortcomings this finishing method.

• High-quality painting will require very careful surface preparation. The paint is able not to hide, but rather - even to emphasize, it would seem, defects of the wall that are almost imperceptible to the eye.
• The process of staining is not at all as simple as it might seem at first glance. In the absence of experience or in case of non-compliance with the recommended technologies, and even more so when using cheap, low-quality material, the coating can be very uneven in color or external texture.

The eternal problem of inexperienced painters - paint streaks

• The paint does not like point mechanical impact and pronounced abrasive load. With careless operation of residential premises, it will be difficult to avoid scuffs, chips, scratches. However, this applies equally to most wall finishing materials.
• Most wall paints, with the exception of gloss finishes, tend to accumulate dust on the surface from indoor air.

Basic physical, technological and operational properties of paints

Going to the salon to choose paint, the owner of the apartment, of course, first of all thinks about its decorativeness, keeping in mind the chosen shade. However, if you do not take into account other important properties of the material, it is easy to make a mistake, and the result obtained will be strikingly different from what was intended.

• Of course, the decorative qualities of the brief are the defining selection criterion - this is understandable simply from the intended purpose of the material.

Paint is an opportunity for color diversity

By the way, an inexperienced consumer may even be surprised that despite the variety, not as many shades will be presented in the salon as he would like. No wonder - there are technologies for creating the necessary colors - this will be discussed a little later.

Regardless of the color, the paint can create a surface with varying degrees of gloss. So, the compositions are divided into matte, semi-matte, glossy. There are paints related to high glossy, creating an almost mirror surface, but in the conditions of apartments they practically do not find application.

- Paints that create a glossy surface attract with ease of care - they are less afraid of abrasive load, moisture, and it is easy to wipe dust or remove stains from such painted walls. But there is an important drawback - the gloss will only look on a perfectly flat surface. Even very subtle defects from the play of light will instantly crawl out.

Glossy paints for full wall coverage are used very rarely. Rather, they are suitable for additional decoration or for highlighting individual elements of the room. In addition, they can be used for painting walls in rooms with high humidity - for example, in the kitchen.

- Matte paints for decorating the walls of living rooms are used much more often. They create a smooth surface and are able to visually hide minor flaws. In addition, the matte finish makes the room visually more spacious.

Matte residential paints are preferred

The disadvantage is that stains placed on such a surface will be much more difficult to remove, and most likely you will have to resort to tinting.

- Semi-gloss paints, of course, occupy an intermediate position, having approximately equally "pluses" and "minuses" of the types already mentioned above.

• The most important quality of any paint is its hiding power. This is the ability material to create a smooth, uniform surface that completely hides the base background of the base. As a rule, hiding power is determined by the minimum number of coats required for such an effect.

In most cases, high-quality coatings require application in two layers. In advertising brochures, there are assurances from manufacturers that a single staining is enough, but this should be taken with reasonable skepticism.

An important factor in this matter, of course, is the color of the base. Therefore, experienced painters recommend not to trust advertising, but to try the hiding power of the paint. in practice, on a small surface fragment. Usually, when checking the material, several methods are used - they apply a smear on a black surface, on an absolutely white one, and on an already tinted one in the desired color. After the prototypes have dried, it will be clearly seen if multiple coats are required.

Special experienced cards of the "chessboard" type are also used. Under the letter "a" the card itself is shown. After the first pass of paint (“b”), it can be seen that contrasting spots appear through the coating. And after applying the second layer (“c”), the painted surface turns out to be absolutely even.

• Inextricably linked with the hiding power is the consistency, viscosity of the paint composition, its ability to spread and adhere to the surface. If the paint is too thick, the painted surface may appear uneven in color. In addition, this always leads to an overrun of material. However, thick paint can be brought to the desired state using a basic thinner. It is much worse if the composition is excessively liquid - this will give numerous streaks, poor hiding power, and it is very difficult to deal with this.

From this point of view, paints that have been given the property of thixotropy become a very profitable acquisition. Such compositions change their density depending on the conditions. When the paint is stirred, it becomes more liquid, and in a calm state it quickly gains viscosity.

Usually, the manufacturer indicates this quality of paint on the factory packaging - it's worth looking, since such compounds practically do not sag, creating a smooth painted surface. True, you need to be prepared for the increased cost of such coatings.

• When choosing, it is worth paying attention to the available methods of applying paint to the surface of the walls. This is usually indicated in the form of pictograms depicting a brush, roller or spray gun. In some cases, painting large surfaces using aerosol spraying technology is much more profitable and faster.
• When it is worth paying attention to the declared qualities of resistance to wet cleaning. This is especially important for rooms where the probability of hitting the heel on the walls is high, for example, for the kitchen.

True, here we should think from a different point of view. Washable paints are significantly more expensive than conventional ones, and it is quite possible that it would be more justified to periodically update the surface with cheaper compounds.

• If we consider paint specifically for walls, then one more quality should be noted - the uniformity of the composition. Paint can be not only “smooth” - there are varieties with special inclusions that create a micro-relief of the surface covered with them, for example, with the effect of sand or silk.

Paint with a "sandy" effect

Such textured coatings look very original, however, in order to apply them with high quality, certain experience in painting work is still required.

• For residential premises, an important parameter of paint is its vapor permeability. The decorative coating of the walls should not interfere with the natural exchange of moisture, so as not to cause condensation drops on the surface. In a word, the paint should not prevent the walls from “breathing”.
• The paint must be safe for the health of people and pets. All its components - the pigment dispersed composition itself, the binder, the solvent, these or other additives after drying should not emit unpleasant odors, emit toxic substances. It is very good if the paint also has antiseptic properties = - to prevent the development of all forms of microflora. Another important requirement is the safety of the paint coating in terms of flammability and smoke generation.
• And, finally, any person carrying out repairs wants the work to be done as quickly as possible. Therefore, they try to give preference to paints and varnishes with a minimum drying and polymerization period - with them, the productivity of painting operations increases dramatically. As a rule, the drying time of paints is indicated by manufacturers on the packaging. But it should be borne in mind that these terms are determined for normal temperature and humidity conditions.

By the way, if, when choosing a paint, the buyer comes across a jar with instructions in a foreign language unfamiliar to him, then, of course, you should ask the seller for a sheet with a translation. But the pictograms printed on the packaging can also say a lot. The most common are those shown in the table below:

Pictogram	Symbol meaning	Pictogram	Symbol meaning
	Pictograms for the degree of glossy-matte paint		Pictograms for paint applications
	Absolute, 100% matte paint.		The highest degree of versatility - the paint is suitable for all surfaces, for indoor and outdoor use.
	Matte paint.		Roofing paint.
	Semi-gloss degree of paint gloss.		Paint for the outer walls of the building - facade.
	Semi-gloss paint.		Paint for the outer walls of the building - socle.
	Glossy paint.		Paint for flooring only.
	The highest degree of gloss is super glossy paint.		Paint only for ceilings.
-	-		Paint only for the interior walls of the house.
-	-		The paint can be used for interior walls and ceilings.
			Pictograms indicating the technological features of the paint
	A brush is used for application.		Before use, the paint needs to be mixed (usually for toxicotropic compounds).
	A roller is used for application.		The period required for drying to the degree of safety on tack and dust ingress.
	It is allowed to use aerosol spraying with a spray gun.		The minimum time required for drying before applying the next layer.
	Paint consumption on a smooth or primed surface (in this case, 1 liter per 7 ÷ 9 m² of wall area).		When storing paint, negative temperatures are unacceptable.
	Paint consumption on a rough, absorbent, cut or sawn surface (in this case, 1 liter per 3 ÷ 5 m² of area).		A pictogram indicating the technology of tinting to the desired shade. In this case, the MoniColor system.

What paint to choose?

Now stands draw attention on paint types in terms of their component chemical structure. The difference here can be significant, and not all varieties are suitable for interior work, especially in the living quarters of an apartment.

Wall decoration is an important part of any renovation. Most prefer ordinary wallpaper, believing that these are the most economical and simple options. However, today there are still many options for aesthetic and relatively inexpensive wall decoration. We will consider one of them in this article.

What is decor paint. What is all the salt?

Decorative - this is a paint with various additives, used for finishing decorative wall decoration. It differs from ordinary paints in greater viscosity and density, which appears due to the addition of special substances that create an original coating.

The use of this material allows you to get any texture and pattern when decorating walls. Unlike ordinary paints that give a strictly defined effect, decorative ones leave room for imagination - the final result will depend on the method of application and the thickness of the final layer.

Types of decorative paints

First of all, decorative paints are divided according to their destination:

Paints for outdoor work.

Paints for interior decoration.

The most popular classification of such paints is according to the type of film-forming substance that is part of the thickener. Exists 4 main types:

Water emulsion

A feature of this type is the creation of a coating that is resistant to moisture. If moisture gets on a wall painted with water-based paint, it simply evaporates without penetrating inside. Aqueous emulsion coating is non-toxic and fireproof, suitable for almost any coating - with the exception of adhesive and varnished surfaces.

Acrylic

The most popular type of decorative paints. For their manufacture, acrylic resins are used, which provide paints with increased strength and elasticity. Acrylic paints retain color for a long time, but they are not recommended for use in places with high humidity.

Alkyd

They are mainly used as protective coatings in places with high humidity and temperatures. The composition includes alkyd resin, which provides increased resistance to the coating.

Such paints retain a bright color for a long time, but they have a sharp and unpleasant odor that makes it difficult to work with the paint. Also, alkyd resin can be harmful to health, so these paints are used mainly for exterior finishing work or in well-ventilated or technical rooms.

Latex

Latex paints contain rubber, which forms a strong elastic film. Due to the use of rubber, latex paints are resistant to ultraviolet radiation, protected from moisture. The elastic film allows you to apply latex paint on any base - due to the elasticity, the coating easily repeats any relief.

Advantages and disadvantages of paint in interior design

Material advantages:

Durability and fire resistance. When properly applied, decorative paints will retain their bright color for a long time - compared to ordinary wallpaper, the service life is twice as long.

Environmental friendliness. Most of these paints are made from natural ingredients and are absolutely safe for health.

Economy. Due to the consistency, decorative paints have a much lower consumption than most analogues. For example, the consumption of decorative plaster will be 500-800 gr. per sq. m., and paints - 200-250 gr. per sq. m.

Ease of care. Almost all varieties of such coatings can be washed, and the antistatic effect will eliminate the appearance of dust on the walls.

Individuality. A variety of modern colors and a wide color palette will provide you with a unique interior with a minimum of effort.

"Independence" and versatility. With proper surface preparation, paint can be applied by hand without resorting to the help of a master, and a variety of waterproof paints makes it possible to choose a material for places of high humidity.

Fast drying. Compared to decorative plaster, the paint dries many times faster.

But, without a "fly in the ointment" it also could not do - decor paints have a number of shortcomings that should be taken into account:

No additional sound and heat insulation. Due to the thin layer, this top coat is not able to provide thermal insulation and noise protection, so this will have to be taken care of in advance.

The need for careful surface preparation. Before applying the “colorful” coating, you will need to pay increased attention to surface preparation - putty the bumps and prime the surface.

Price. Paints with additional components (latex and silicate) are quite expensive.

What effects occur when finishing walls with decorative paint

Modern manufacturers offer a wide range with different effects to create a unique texture. The most popular are:

silk effect

Due to the presence of liquid silk in the composition, it creates a visual sensation of silk fabric on the walls. Depending on the composition, such paint can have a silky-matt or silky-glossy effect, creating a unique shine and play.

Stucco effect

It is achieved by adding various materials to the paint: sand, shell rock, fine stone chips, etc. A layer of "stucco" paint will be smaller than a layer of plaster, but will be more exposed to ultraviolet rays and moisture, so such materials should only be used for interior decoration.

Paint with a "sandy" effect is designed to create a "sandstorm" on the walls. Depending on the additional components (quartz or river sand, glitter and other fillers), such paints can be matte or pearly, creating a surface that shimmers when exposed to light.

The visual velvety effect is achieved due to the presence of solid particles with a fine-grained structure in the composition of the paint, which give the coating additional volume. A velvet-effect finish creates a soft wall feel, visually reminiscent of velvet or velor.

Able to change color depending on the angle of illumination and the color of the substrate. This effect is achieved by a translucent mother-of-pearl layer, which is applied to a special substrate. The intensity of the chameleon effect also depends on the method of application and the thickness of the layer.

"Stone" effect: granite and marble

In fact, there are no granite or marble particles in this material. The effect of the stone is created by acrylic bubbles of different shades, which, breaking against the wall during application, create a “stone” texture.

Forms a smooth coating with a noble metallic sheen. When applied, certain zones can be distinguished by increasing the thickness of the layer. The metallic effect can be silver, gold or copper.

When buying decorative paint, be sure to pay attention to the following parameters:

hiding power. It depends on this indicator whether the paint will hide the old base. Translucent compositions have a lower degree of hiding power, coverings are able to completely “hide” the base.

Matte or glossy. Matte paints better hide various surface defects, glossy paints increase the volume of the room.

Moisture and abrasion resistance. Moisture-resistant materials can withstand approx. 5000 purges, and paints resistant to dry abrasion - only about 1000.

Agdesia. A parameter that reflects the ability of the paint to "adhere" to the base. It depends on adhesion how long the coating will last on the wall.

Presence of antifungal properties. An important indicator for materials used in places with high humidity.

How to paint walls correctly: preparation and consumption per 1m2

Paint decor is possible on concrete, wood, plastic, drywall and chipboard. Before applying the coating, it is necessary to carefully putty all the irregularities and defects of the wall, and then prime it.

Depending on the type of paint and the desired texture, you may need to apply:

Brushes of different sizes.

Rollers and spatulas.

Airbrushes.

Remember that some types of paints must be applied in stages or with special tools. For example, a paint with a metallic effect is applied in several layers, and a "stone" paint with a granite or marble effect is applied using an airbrush.

To calculate the paint consumption during the repair, you need to know two indicators:

Surface area to paint.

Paint consumption per 1 m2. This indicator is indicated on the can of paint. Most manufacturers indicate consumption in grams per m2. If there is no jar at hand, then for a guideline you can take the expense for latex paint 125 ml per 1m2.

To calculate the area of ​​the surfaces to be painted, it is necessary to calculate the perimeter of the wall (wall length + wall width)*2), and then multiply the value by the height of the wall. From the value obtained, we subtract the area of ​​​​windows and doors (we calculate using a similar formula) and get the total area of ​​​​the surface to be painted.

How to properly apply a video lesson on the walls

List of verified manufacturers

American Accents.

MINERAL COLOR.

Vincent Decor.

"VGT".

A variety of decorative paints will allow you to create a unique design interior. Their use is safe, although it requires careful preparation, and a small expense will help save on finishing work without losing quality.

If you are going to use decorative paint, remember that you need to choose such material carefully, taking into account all the features of the room and wall covering - in this case, the “colorful” coating will delight you with its brightness and original effects for a long time.

Look at the photo in the interior and create your own unique picture on the wall