In this article we will talk about what is best to use for heating your home. : boiler or Which of these devices can provide its complete autonomy. It's the latter It has great value because:
the operation of external heating sources is very often unstable and unreliable;
The power of external heating sources is sometimes not enough for the tasks modern house;
the cost of connecting to electricity and gas networks is growing every day.
In addition, these are capital investments, the effectiveness of which requires thoughtful calculation and comparison. Considering all of the above, one can understand why heating equipment running on solid fuel is becoming increasingly widespread. That is why both boilers and furnaces are being improved and their capabilities are expanding. But to receive maximum benefit when using them, it is important to understand them accurately intended use, principles of selection and maintenance. Let's consider each type heating equipment separately.
Bake – This is a heating device in which the heat released during the combustion of fuel (wood or coal) is transferred through the walls of the chimney to the walls of the building and then warms the air in the surrounding rooms. Theoretically, this heating device can heat a room of any size (remember, for example, huge halls Louvre or Winter Palace, which were heated by stoves for many years), but this required a huge amount of fuel and Full time job trained personnel, as well as the allocation of large basement or semi-basement rooms for technical purposes and the installation of branched chimneys.
That's why in practice, stoves are intended for high-quality and sustainable heating of the house area 40-70 sq.m.. However, among these devices there are pleasant exceptions. – ovens Buleryan and Kuznetsova.
Stove Buleryan – it is an all-metal structure with numerous outlet pipes . At its core, it is a “potbelly stove”, only when burning fuel it does not become red-hot and does not burn the surrounding air, but provides direct heating. Therefore, this stove can be used for full heating small house. However, it is not able to accumulate heat and has low efficiency.
Kuznetsov furnace made on the basis of the traditional one, but it uses a special mechanism for circulating hot air (it moves under the influence of its own gravity) . Due to constant turbulence and high blood pressure, the perception of heat by the walls of the structure increases, which leads to a decrease in fuel consumption. However, no matter how well thought out this stove is, it requires adaptation to individual objects.
It is precisely due to the peculiarities of their designs Buleryan and Kuznetsova furnaces can heat houses area up to 100-150 sq.m.. But in houses of several floors with a large area and large flights of stairs, stoves, like fireplaces, will primarily perform an aesthetic function.
Boiler – This is a set of equipment placed in a single housing designed to transfer energy obtained by burning fuel to a coolant (usually water) . As solid fuel are used firewood, hard or brown coal, pellets, etc.. Unlike a stove, a solid fuel boiler can heat houses of any size. You just need to choose the right equipment with the required performance. For an approximate calculation, you can use the ratio 1-1.25 kW for every 10 sq.m building. For example, for heating a house area 150-170 sq.m you will need a boiler power 20 kW. This power will be quite enough to maintain the required level of heat in the house even on the coldest days. Of course, for a more accurate calculation it is necessary to take into account the type of materials, the thickness and weight of walls and ceilings, the presence and location of windows, etc.
From all of the above it is clear that In terms of heat transfer and cost, solid fuel boilers are preferable to stoves for heating large houses.
Now let's compare construction features both heating devices.
It will be difficult to build a stove in an existing building, but at the stage of its construction it can be built on any floor. Therefore, it is best if you think about heating your home at the design stage. Because (as the famous saying goes: “you need to dance from the stove”) the entire layout of the house will have to be formed around it. The stove should be placed so that all or at least most of the rooms have a common wall or corner with it, that is, they form a thermal contour. The exception to this rule is stairs, so winter period it will be cold on it. It is also necessary to provide for the possibility of outlet through the floors and roof. chimney pipe.
And here there are no requirements for placing a solid fuel boiler in the house . It can be installed in a house of any shape and layout. It is only necessary to provide a separate room ( boiler room) to place it, ceiling height which should not contain less 2.5 m, A daylight should be calculated based on the ratio 0.03 sq.m/cub.m. Also in this room it is necessary presence of air ventilation, and when placing the boiler room in the basement or ground floor required separate exit to the outside. The house as a whole needs an electrical grounding circuit. Well, of course, in this case you can’t do without a device chimney. Its diameter must be calculated by a specialist. However, it must be remembered that this value must be taken with a small margin. A solid fuel boiler can easily be installed in an already existing house. True, in this case you will have to use external chimney structure, which will need to be insulated.
It is also necessary to take into account when choosing heating device, What It is now very difficult to find a highly qualified specialist to build a furnace . But many specialized companies install solid fuel boilers.
Thus, the boiler won an unconditional victory over the furnace here too.
In the next part of the article we will discuss and compare the operating parameters of furnaces and boilers, as well as their maintenance and durability.
August 12, 2014What needs to be built to heat Vacation home? “Oven” – the older generation will answer. "Boiler!" - modern homeowners will object. Why have heating boilers almost everywhere replaced stoves, which are used only as an element of the interior? Let us formulate several points, and we will try to be concise. So, buying a boiler is...
Easier. Installing a stove in a house that has already been designed and practically built is very troublesome, but a boiler can be installed at almost any stage of construction or renovation. There are also not very many requirements for the boiler room: ceilings at least 2.5 meters high, a sufficient level of lighting, the presence of ventilation and a chimney... The installation of all this can be done perfectly by a competent boiler installation specialist, who, by the way, is now much easier to find than a stove maker .
More economical. Solid fuel heating boilers consume at least 25 (or even 50) percent less fuel than stoves, and the use of gas boilers is even more profitable. Thanks to a well-thought-out air supply system and the optimal size of the firebox, the boiler needs to be loaded every few hours, while firewood needs to be added to the stove almost every half hour.
More versatile. Double-circuit boilers They work both to maintain heat in the house and to heat water for bathing, washing, and washing dishes. Moreover, one does not interfere with the other at all: even if the boiler is actively working only to heat water (which in fact practically never happens), the temperature in the room will not drop.
More convenient for owners big houses. Practice shows that conventional stoves are not always able to cope with heating cottages with an area of more than 70 square meters. If you need to provide heat, for example, two-storey house, you are unlikely to be able to do this with one oven. The boiler perfectly distributes heat throughout the house from one room, regardless of the layout. Formally, the efficiency of a furnace can significantly exceed the corresponding indicator of the boiler, but when choosing a heat source you cannot rely only on this indicator.
Stove heating has not yet taken its toll last word: New models are constantly appearing on the market, which are presented as more advanced devices. However, stoves are gradually giving way to heating boilers, and the day is not far off when the presence of a stove in a house will be perceived solely as antique styling.
When contacting a company to repair your home, you should protect yourself from all sides. Who said that calling a qualified craftsman will guarantee a luxurious repair? After all, you don’t even know this person, so believing only words will be the height of stupidity. After the main issues have been resolved verbally, why not create an agreement for this type services?...
Every apartment has water supply, which makes our life much easier. But the consequences may be different, since leaks often occur. In such situations, there is a need to pay compensation to your dear neighbors. To avoid such problems, it is better to prepare in advance and do complete waterproofing flooring in a damp room. In order to provide protection...
Huge volumes of work with petroleum products give the name to a whole class of equipment designed specifically for working with these substances. Significant amount special equipment for these purposes it is designed taking into account the characteristics of the density, viscosity and aggressiveness of the environment. Product designs may vary. Centrifugal, screw, gear. IN various options executions for highly specialized purposes. The gear type is designed for pumping viscous fractions....
With the arrival of cold weather, the issue of space heating becomes acute. A good owner chooses in the summer what is better and more comfortable for the home, a time-tested stove or a solid fuel boiler. The use of solid fuel allows you to remain independent from central heating, gas or electric mains.
Advantages and disadvantages of each heating method
In the cold season, owners of private houses and cottages are faced with the task of providing heat to their homes. Key criteria for a heating system:
- fuel efficiency;
- ease of maintenance;
- maximum heat transfer;
- autonomy and independence from third parties;
- room temperature stability.
The advantage of solid fuel systems is the autonomy and availability of fuel, especially in suburban areas.
For heating it is common to use brick kilns or solid fuel boilers. Each of these methods has its own disadvantages and advantages. The effectiveness of using each method on a 5-point scale is presented in the table:
The line from the boiler can be laid at any distance.
Depending on the area of the room, a solid fuel boiler is much better than a stove, since the most good design will heat a maximum of 100-120 m3. The main line from the boiler can be laid to the required distance and used even for several houses (if the device has enough power). But in the stove you can simultaneously use any available fuel (wood, coal, etc.), depending on availability, and the boiler is configured for certain types, in accordance with technical characteristics. The stove is easier and cheaper to install, but the boiler operates for 3-5 days without additional loading.
What is better to choose: a brick stove or a solid fuel boiler?
Each owner makes a choice depending on his needs, capabilities and life circumstances. Suitable for heating a house of 100-130 square meters brick stove with thick walls or . If the owners are at work during the day and gather at home in the evening hearth and home, this option is acceptable. In addition, firewood is available in any agricultural or country house and you won’t have to spend a lot on purchasing fuel.
In families with small children (if a constant temperature is needed), or the owners do not like ash and are afraid of frying in the house, the best option- boiler installation. It is installed in a separate ventilated room. The heating main provides heat without unnecessary debris in the rooms. It is important to carefully read the operating instructions for the unit and adhere to them, then you can ensure constant temperature and comfort in the house. Installing a heating system requires financial investment, but it pays off over several decades and ensures complete autonomy of the household, from external highways.
WHAT IS BETTER OVEN OR BOILER?
What to choose for heating your home– fold bake or install boiler? Laying a furnace will not cost much less than installing a boiler. It is necessary to install a foundation under the stove - which will involve dismantling part of the floor and walls of the House. The stove will heat the air around it well, but it will be cold near the walls and windows because air draft occurs- from the walls of the room into the interior of the stove - to maintain combustion and further into the chimney, along with combustion products. The oven gives off most of the heat through its walls, which can get quite hot - which can be dangerous if children grab onto it. The efficiency of the stove is no more than 30%, while any Boiler has an efficiency of 70%. Your benefit lies in significant savings in wood or coal.
Boiler and boiler indirect heating
Boiler installation And radiators (heated floor) will require laying pipes, installing collectors and a water distribution system to the heating circuits. As a result, you will receive a heating system in which all rooms in your house will be warm, and, at the same time, you can safely touch the radiator with your hand and pleasantly walk on the heated floor.
This is explained by the fact that the boiler heats up not the air around itself like a furnace, but the coolant (water or antifreeze) that flows through pipes to radiators that are installed under windows or in warm water floor. Next, radiators or heated floors give off heat to the air, which circulates and heats the room. Another undeniable advantage of any boiler is its - you set the temperature, for example, 25 degrees Celsius and the system maintains it itself. That is, you don’t need to get up at 2 o’clock at night and at 8 am on a day off to “throw some wood in the stove.” Another boiler advantage– the system may be indirect heating boiler installed, which will have a reserve and give hot water directly into the kitchen faucet or shower at any time, meaning there is no need to heat pots of water on the stove to wash dishes.
heating with solid fuel boiler and radiators
Undoubtedly advantages of the oven will be her ability “ work without electricity“, the ability to drown. Stove heating is well suited for those who have a house with an area of up to 70 m2, live in the house on short visits - 1-2 days a week and are ready to throw firewood into the firebox 3-4 times during the day (get up a couple of times at night and come up the same number of times to the stove during the day).
In front of everyone advantages of stove heating requires increased attention to security. First of all, the threat fire and threat carbon monoxide poisoning that lead to terrible tragedies.
Carbon monoxide
(CO, carbon monoxide) is a poisonous gas without color, taste or smell, which makes it especially dangerous. Carbon monoxide appears in the furnace due toincomplete combustion of wood due to untimely closing of the stove valve. Limited access of fresh air to the firebox, poor draft and a clogged chimney contribute to the formation of CO. It is very difficult to recognize the initial symptoms of poisoning. Carbon monoxide causes severe drowsiness, confusion, hallucinations, even fainting and coma, and possible cardiac arrest. Help with poisoning is Fresh air and an emergency doctor.
The most dangerous thing is to think that all tragedies happen somewhere and to someone, but nothing like that can happen to us.
At stove heating You must always remember to close the furnace valve in a timely manner. Before this, be sure to stir the coals with a poker - there may still be some leftovers there.
charred firebrands that need to be broken and large ones thrown into a bucket of water and taken outside. It is necessary to understand that help in case of poisoning
carbon monoxide may not arrive in time, because there will be no one to call it. Monitor your stoves or install them in a separate room.
The independence of home heating from external sources has great importance for a variety of reasons. Firstly, very often their work is unstable and unreliable. Secondly, the power is not always sufficient for the tasks of a modern cottage.
Finally, thirdly, the cost of connecting to electricity and gas supply networks is growing day by day. Now this is a capital expenditure, and the effectiveness of its investment requires thoughtful calculation and comparison.
So, it would seem that the well-forgotten old equipment - heating equipment that runs on solid fuel - is becoming increasingly widespread.
New variations of both boilers and furnaces are appearing, and their capabilities are expanding. But to benefit from their use, it is important to correctly understand the essence, target areas, principles of selection and maintenance.
Territorial preferences
A stove is a heating device in which the heat released during the combustion of fuel (wood or coal) is transferred through the walls of the chimney to the building structures and then fills the air in the surrounding rooms.
Therefore, in practice, stoves are designed for stable and high-quality heating of houses with an area of about 40-70 m2. The only exceptions are the Buleryan and Kuznetsov furnaces, named after the developers.
The first type is an all-metal structure with numerous outlet pipes.
In essence, this is a “potbelly stove”, only during operation it does not heat up and does not burn the surrounding air, but it provides direct heating.
Kuznetsov's stoves are made on the basis of traditional ones, but they use a special mechanism for the movement of burning gases - under the influence own strength gravity.
Due to constant turbulence and increased pressure, the perception of heat by the walls of the structure increases, which leads to a decrease in fuel consumption.
These two types of stoves can heat an area of up to 100-150 m2. In the cottages large areas and number of floors, with huge rooms, flights of stairs and “second light”, stoves, like fireplaces, will primarily perform an aesthetic function.
A boiler is a set of equipment enclosed in a single housing, which is designed to transfer energy generated during the combustion of fuel to a coolant (usually water).
A solid fuel boiler uses firewood, stone or brown coal, pellets, and so on. Unlike a stove, a solid fuel boiler can provide heat to a cottage of any size. You just need to choose the right equipment performance.
For an approximate calculation, you can use a simple ratio - 1-1.25 kW for every 10 m 2 of the building. Yes, for two-story cottage with an area of 150-170 m2, it is better to choose a 20 kW boiler. This ensures that there is sufficient capacity even on the coldest days.
Of course, an accurate calculation can be made by professional heating engineers who will take into account the type of materials, the thickness and weight of walls and ceilings, the presence and location of windows, as well as other parameters.
Final grade:
Construction features
It is difficult to install a stove in an existing building, but it is possible to install it at almost any stage of the construction of a house. Still, it’s better to think about this when designing a cottage. Use standard projects will not work (with the exception of projects with stoves).
In full accordance with the saying, you will have to “dance” from the stove. The layout of the house should be formed around it. The stove should be located so that all or most of the rooms have a common wall or at least a corner with it (they form a thermal contour).
The only exception is the stairs, but in this case it will be cold on it in winter. Important point- it is imperative to provide for the possibility of venting the smoke exhaust pipe through the floors and roof.
There are no special requirements for the design of houses in which a solid fuel boiler will be placed. It can be used in a cottage of any type, shape and layout. You just need to provide a separate room (boiler room) to house the equipment. The ceiling height in it must be at least 2.5 m, and natural lighting must be calculated based on the ratio of 0.03 m2/m3.
In addition, this room must have an air ventilation system, and when placed in a basement or basement, a separate door to the outside is required.
The building as a whole needs an electrical grounding circuit. And, of course, you will have to install a chimney. A specialist will calculate its diameter.
Please note that this value must be taken with a small margin. You can install a solid fuel boiler in an existing cottage. True, in this case you need to use external structure chimney (necessarily insulated).
It should be understood that it is more difficult to find a truly qualified specialist to install a furnace. But it will help in installing boiler equipment a large number of specialized companies. True, in both cases you need to look for recommended installers so as not to end up with would-be builders.
Final grade:
Operating Parameters
The main disadvantage of any solid fuel heater is the need to periodically add fuel to the firebox and clean the ash pan (a box or drawer that is located under the firebox and serves to collect combustion products).
Thus, being non-volatile, this equipment imposes obligations on the owner of the house. So, stoves are characterized high level Efficiency (it reaches 90%), but the price for this is the long duration of warming up the house and the need to constantly add fuel.
To ensure complete heating of the cottage, loading is carried out in the morning, afternoon and evening, and not just once, but 2-3 times. Reloading is done when the firewood from the first stack has burned down to the stage of large coals (usually this happens after 30-40 minutes). Thus, furnaces will require a larger amount of fuel compared to boilers.
An important advantage in this regard is the increase in modern boilers operating time on one load of fuel (on average from 1.5-2 to 3.5-4 hours). This is facilitated by the increased size of the combustion chamber and the use of a secondary air supply system for afterburning flue gases.
The use of a storage (buffer) tank also helps to increase the time between fuel additions.
During combustion, hot coolant accumulates in it, which is then supplied to the system for a long time as needed. heating system. Thanks to this, even on the coldest days, fuel can be added no more than twice a day (and the rest of the time even less often, for example, limiting it to an evening lining).
True, water is supplied to the system by a pump that requires connection to electrical network. However, many modern solid fuel boilers Unlike their predecessors, they are already equipped with volatile automation.
It maintains a given coolant temperature and provides protection against overheating, but relieves the boiler of an important advantage - complete independence from external factors.
The fuel used in such boilers is firewood, stone or brown coal, as well as pellets (compressed wood pellets). You should decide in advance on the most available fuel (most often it depends on the region) and choose a boiler with the appropriate type of firebox.
The use of improper fuel leads to its excessive consumption, and in addition can cause equipment failure. By the way, there are also “omnivorous” boilers, but their cost is 30-50% higher, and the economic efficiency of use raises questions.
The average fuel consumption in the case of using a solid fuel boiler in a cottage with an area of 100-200 m2 will be about 3-5 kg/h.
Subject to use storage capacity this means that you will need approximately 12-15 kg per day (in the coldest time - up to 20 kg). For a traditional oven you need at least 15-20 kg, in a Kuznetsov oven the consumption will be 10-15 kg.
Final grade:
