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Despite the fact that the floor is under your feet, it can often be considered the face of the house.

Used in the interior a large number of materials for walls, ceilings and furniture. But when it comes to flooring, most people choose wood. This is not surprising: the material is beautiful and noble, floors made from it are warm and environmentally friendly.

Market floor coverings offers four “wooden” products: parquet boards and parquet, floorboard, laminate Each option has many varieties to suit every taste. Designers suggest thinking about the choice when we're talking about about improvement or renovation of the living room, bedroom or kitchen. Children's rooms, as a rule, require a soft fleecy covering.

Good parquet

The parquet flooring is based on a solid mass. For parquet floors, hardwood is most often used. The materials for the boards are traditional maple, oak, cherry, ash, as well as “guests” from Africa, Asia and America: mahogany, teak, merbau, sucupira.

Another grade - natural - represents parquet of the highest class. No matter what flooring design you choose, with it you will succeed in at its best. Lower grades are characterized by color variations and small knots, while natural grades are not.

The presence of knots is a separate matter. In parquet that claims to be a product premium there should be no shortcomings. No more than 3 knots are allowed on the plank, minimum sapwood and no mechanical damage. In addition, the evenness of the wood structure is important. Look at the photos of the floor design that are posted in our article, this is what an ideal parquet floor should look like.

Democratic laminate

Experts consider the terms “laminated parquet” and “laminate” to be inaccurate. This product does not represent parquet. From him laminated coating different in almost everything. This material is artificial. Its thickness is two times less than that of parquet. Despite its practicality, the service life of laminate flooring is 20 years. This product is suitable for those who like to make changes to the interior of the apartment. Typically, laminate flooring designs are more varied than parquet flooring.

Laminate flooring is the most modern in its class; it appeared 20 years ago as an alternative to parquet. Mostly in Russia, laminate from Germany is presented, imitating wood or stone. Decorative possibilities, however, they are not limited to this. The coating can imitate a metal surface or fashionable ornaments depicting abstract images and compositions.

Golden mean?

Parquet boards are a reasonable compromise between laminate and parquet flooring. It appeared in Sweden 60 years ago. What is the difference between the material and its analogues? Parquet board is a natural covering of wood, it is produced, however, according to the principles of pie, however, unlike laminate, it uses 100% natural components. The stabilizing layer consists of pine and spruce plywood, and the middle layer consists of wood strips of common species. The top layer is the most valuable; it represents a cut of oak or walnut wood. The fibers of the layers overlap.

What it will look like on the floor parquet board depends on the owner and designer. Choose the classics: herringbone, deck laying, wicker. Combine material with insert. It is fashionable to cover the floor with artificially aged parquet boards.

The fact that parquet flooring is the main decoration of the house, probably everyone knows. Nowadays, those who want to decorate their home with parquet have a huge selection of various types, colors and shades.
Usually, when choosing one or another type of parquet, the consumer tries to link the style of future parquet floors with the overall design of the house or apartment. In addition, the interior decoration of individual rooms requires careful selection of parquet wood according to color and tone.

Oak parquet floors are universal. Well-installed oak flooring can brighten up almost any room. Maple wood, with its light, slightly pinkish tint, gives softness and warmth. Floors made from exotic woods look very impressive: cherry, walnut, acacia or mahogany. In some cases, parquet flooring, for example, artistic, can serve as a dominant feature in the interior design of a room.

There are several types and varieties of parquet.
Let's briefly talk about some of them:

For some reason, custom parquet floors in some regions are called palace, or even highly artistic, referring to the fact that the outlines of individual parts of such parquet have a mainly curvilinear shape, although, you see, this difference concerns more the features of the method of production of such parquet than its artistic perception on the floor.

In conclusion, it should be noted that in all types artistic parquet, and also in custom parquet, natural wood with a natural color is used.
Some foreign manufacturers use deep dyeing to produce piece parquet. The planks of such parquet have a noticeable color saturation and look somewhat unnatural, although beautiful.
During the use of floors made from such parquet, a significant change in its color is possible, therefore, in order not to be disappointed in the future with your beautiful parquet floor, always use only natural, unpainted materials.

Warm and beautiful flooring - parquet, popular in the first half of the 20th century in the USSR, has again attracted attention. And if you want to decorate your home (and not just the floor) with such a coating, it’s worth understanding what types of parquet there are and how they can be used in the interior.

What it is?

Parquet is a floor covering in the form of wooden planks laid in a geometric or artistic pattern. The means of tongue and groove connection of planks are ridges and grooves, which ensure the reliability of the connection.

But artistic parquet can be connected in another way.

Gothic Europe the end of the 13th - beginning of the 14th century became the progenitor of such floors. The nobles could afford to lay out drawings and ornaments from small tablets of different types.

Parquet appeared in Russia two centuries later. Until the beginning of the 20th century, parquet boards and panels were made only by hand. It was only in the first quarter of the 20th century that mass production of parquet began to appear. The result of this work was that even after 100 years there is a demand for parquet. And although this is an expensive flooring option, the desire to make your home beautiful and cozy makes you think about this material again.

Main types

According to the production method, this flooring is divided into several types:

• Piece- the oldest, but still common. Each plank is equipped with a ridge on one side and a tenon on the other. The planks are made from hardwood. This coating is durable, it can be repaired many times, there are a large number of ways to lay planks on the floor;

• Stacked (mosaic) floor- this is a drawing (mosaic) protected with special paper, which is removed after laying all the shields. A soundproofing backing can be glued to the back of the boards. According to the method of fastening to the floor, inlaid parquet can be with a rebate, with an oblique groove, with fastening to a hard strip, to a soft strip;

• Shield consists of two layers: a base made of rough boards or fiberboard and a “face” - small planks of hard wood with varnish. The design is unpretentious - square, rhombus, rectangle. And only custom-made shields can have a more interesting geometry;

• Solid parquet- This is a solid board with a tongue and groove. The only difference with the piece is in the larger sizes;

• Parquet board is a combination of three layers of wood of different species. Due to a certain technology, such material is not afraid of changes in temperature and humidity;

• Pronto-parquet also multi-layered, but small in size. In fact, these are also piece boards, but made from several types of wood. The technology for creating multilayers takes up to 7 months. In addition, the pronto is made varnished in 7-8 layers, although there are also unvarnished boards;

• Palace (artistic)– the most expensive natural wood flooring. To create a highly artistic design, different types of wood are used, which must be selected in such a way that they do not affect each other when temperature and humidity change. In addition, the sizes of the boards are not just different, but shaped, which significantly slows down the work, makes the parquet more expensive and makes it unique;

• Industrial (commercial) parquet is once again gaining popularity not only in public, sports and cultural spaces with high traffic, but also in residential buildings. The principle of its manufacture is very different. The panels have no tongues and grooves. In production, the slats are selected, placed on edge and the packaging is sealed with tape, creating small shields. And already indoors, the boards are glued to the floor on a level surface;

• Cork floor- these are not boards or planks. Special technology for using bark balsa wood allows the production of natural rectangular panels different thicknesses, which do an excellent job of heat and sound insulation, but are short-lived, so they are often used to cover walls and ceilings, but not floors.

The following types of flooring can be called parquet conditionally due to the use of not only natural wood, but also artificial materials in their production:

• Laminate can be hard or flexible. Solid consists of 4 layers. The top decorative one can imitate a wooden covering. Flexible vinyl laminate is made from PVC in square or rectangular shapes. He is least like wooden parquet and is significantly inferior to it in its properties. The only undeniable advantage is the low price;

• Garden, or decking– these are square or rectangular fragments with soft or hard fastening. Hard decking is made from hard wood. It is used for decoration garden paths and sites. This covering is easy to install, has a good drainage system, and has a pleasant appearance.

Types of wood

Currently, several dozen types of wood are used to make parquet. Those that grow in our region will cost much less. climatic zone. But among them there are rare breeds. Therefore, the price will depend not only on the difficulty of the work, but also on the rarity of the solid wood.

Cork oak is ready for industrial use only after 25-30 years of its life. And this is the cheapest technical plug. Especially quality material can be removed from the tree when it is 150-160 years old.

Larch parquet is valued for its excellent moisture resistance and thermal insulation. Siberian larch is not susceptible to rotting. The solid wood has 12 shades, with a lower price than oak or teak.

Oak is a parquet classic. Durable wood is coated with stain, after which it can have shades ranging from greenish-brown to almost black. Only true professionals work with oak. The planks have a pronounced wood pattern.

Beech has the lowest density, so it is easy to process. It lends itself well to grinding and polishing. The parquet is smooth, the wood grain is barely noticeable. Shades of light, reddish yellow and grayish colors. There are inclusions of dark lines and shiny plates.

Walnut is a popular tree in different parts Sveta. European wood comes in a variety of colors, ranging from shades of greenish-gray with darkened lines to reddish and light brown. But after several cold winters, the number of trees fell sharply, and now the American walnut is popular - wood dark brown with bird pecks and traces of knots. The walnut is hard, but easy to process.

Ash is a light, uniform, hard and elastic wood. The pattern is similar to oak, but fills the house with golden light. The wood is resistant to rotting and cracking. It bends well, but does not change its size over time.

Cherry has pinkish-brown or pinkish-gray mature wood. Its structure is such that it is much easier to process than oak. At the same time, it has a beautiful decorative texture that darkens over time.

Birch will give the parquet White color, reddish or yellowish tints are possible. Solid wood is well processed and does not split. It can be easily imitated to resemble valuable wood species by painting and polishing.

Mahogany parquet is hard, moisture-resistant, and does not dry out quickly. Merbau has reddish-brown wood with all shades.

Bamboo is called amber. Very abrasion resistant. Parquet is not subjected to sanding. After five years of the warranty period, it is simply refurbished.

Alder is a popular tree not only middle zone. Freshly installed parquet flooring can range in color from light to reddish-orange. Over time it turns very yellow. The material is hard and resistant to cracking. But insects often live in the board.

Russian maple is hard and durable. It has a delicate gray-pink pattern that turns yellow over time. Wood is easy to polish. Using stain, it is not difficult to imitate more expensive tree species. American and ash maple are also used to make parquet, which are much more difficult to process.

Dimensions

You can determine the dimensions of the parquet using GOST 2695-83. But since the document was adopted in 1983 in fact in another state, not all modern manufacturers stick to it.

• The thickness of block parquet strips ranges from 15-22 mm with a length of up to 500 mm and a width of 40-75 mm;
• Stacked parquet is a panel measuring 400x400 or 600x600 mm, containing strips of various shades. The thickness of the boards is 8 – 12 mm;
• Panel parquet has dimensions of 800x800 mm, thickness 15-30 mm;
• Solid parquet boards can have a width of 80 mm, a thickness of 15 mm and a length of several meters;
• Three-layer parquet boards have any length from 300 to 1845 mm. Moreover, its width is 127-210 mm, and its thickness is 7-23 mm.

The total thickness of all layers of hard laminate is 7-11 mm. The universal length is 185-195 mm, and a width of 330 mm is considered quite wide. Tiles vinyl laminate have several sizes: 300x150 mm, 300x300 mm, 200x200 mm, 490x490 mm. A distinctive feature is its very small thickness - no more than 5 mm.

Industrial parquet has the following dimensions: 8-23 mm width, 8-23 mm thickness, 150-500 mm board length. The universal length is 160 mm.

The dimensions of the cork floor depend on the future use. Technical cork is used as an insulating substrate and is produced in rolls. The adhesive floor is made 4-6 mm thick and laid on an adhesive base. A floating floor is rectangular panels with a thickness of 10.5-11 mm, consisting of several layers: base - cork, middle - NDF or MDF, front side– cork, valuable wood, leather or even a photo print.

Color and design

The choice of color and parquet design are directly related. Except rational functions insulation and sound insulation, parquet undoubtedly has an aesthetic function. Even if it is not an artistic masterpiece, the floor will definitely attract attention. Therefore, it must be in harmony with the wall covering, furniture and textiles. This can be achieved through color and decoration.

The strips of most types of parquet are rectangular in shape, but in completely different colors.

For small rooms it is better to use small boards, not forgetting that light shades floors will visually enlarge the room.

Whitewashed floors will make the room light and versatile for many styles. For the north side it is better to choose yellowish warm shades of planks. Sand color suits rich classics, and aged wear suits vintage style.

Spacious rooms and halls allow the use of medium and large slats of any shape. For large areas Dark shades work well. Ebony and polysander parquet, dark merbau and stained oak are a real decoration of the house. Wenge will add solidity business style. Gold inclusions on a rich red-brown color are expensive and stylish.

At home, dark parquet planks can be combined with light ones. Braid can be completely varied. This decor, completed with furniture varnish or wax, will make the floor glossy and extremely beautiful.

If a plain dark floor was chosen, then it can be decorated with a light carpet with a pattern to match the parquet.

Artistic parquet by definition will be colored. Multicolor various woods will help create national designs or emphasize stylistic features. Modular parquet requires a very large space.

Black color also requires space. It will not suit every home and style. But in combination with white furniture it will be a modern, sophisticated classic.

Any parquet will certainly decorate your apartment or house. It is created to give warmth and comfort. The main thing is to find a balance in the combination of parquet boards and furnishings.

If the color of the floor does not match the furniture, then you need to choose an accessory to match the floor covering. Decorating with fabric and paint will help you find matching items.

Popular manufacturers

Building sector has no problems with parquet manufacturers. But it’s worth understanding how high quality the products are offered.

The Swedish company Kahrs is positioned as the best manufacturer of parquet boards. The company united several global manufacturers, including Karelian parquet manufacturers. Kährs uses the most reliable slat lock, high-quality drying of wood, and excellent varnish for coating. The manufacturer occupies one of the first places in the ranking of Russian buyers.

The huge global concern Tarkett, which has absorbed a large number of flooring manufacturers, is the undisputed leader in the production of parquet. This is the highest quality and the same price. But given the fact that production is established all over the world, not every branch produces high-quality products. Russian consumers in their reviews talk about too high a percentage of defective products purchased.

Polish Barlinek pleases customers with a variety of products. The Barlinek Group has expanded production to several countries. And again, quality depends on the specific manufacturer, and not on the brand as a whole. Different buyers evaluate parquet flooring differently: some are satisfied, others are horrified by the quality.

Not as famous, but no less popular Belarusian manufacturer Coswick. This brand has a diverse production: parquet boards, mosaic parquet, sports floors, Wall panels. The company is constantly modernizing its production and improving product quality. But so far, buyers have many complaints about the quality of the products.

The St. Petersburg brand “Imperial Parquet” is an exclusive elite parquet for classic style And modern interior. All products are made from high-quality materials using proven technologies on the latest machines. It is not easy to find reviews about this production, and this is no wonder: a company that works with expensive material in a high price segment has earned a name for itself among not the poorest people. However, buyers leave only positive reviews about this manufacturer.

Of course, when buying parquet, you need to choose the product very carefully. And still, it will be possible to evaluate it only some time after installation. In addition, you need to take into account that the beauty and practicality of parquet do not always depend only on the manufacturer. Unfortunately, illiterate, unprofessional flooring cannot be ruled out.

Which to choose?

The choice of parquet depends on what the buyer wants to see in his home.

When purchasing, you should pay attention not only to the color, but also to the full name of the product.

Parquet is divided into grades, which depend on the nature and method of cutting the wood. Radial cutting is considered the most valuable. Tangential will not withstand mechanical damage to wood. The mixed one has a beautiful pattern, but the quality is worse than the radial cut.

The wood texture classifies the patterns on the cut:

• Select is distinguished by a fine pattern, it is uniform in structure and color;
• Nature is a repeatedly repeated picture with small knots;
• Gest – contrasting mixed saw cut;
• Classic – texture rendering;
• Station wagon - small knots framed with patterns that differ from each other;
• Antique is a pattern that changes greatly with different shades.

The quality of wood for parquet is determined by the concepts “premium”, “select”, “standard”, “natur”, “rustic” and others. Elite wood belongs to the premium class.

Having clarified the theoretical issues, we move on to practice:

• It is ideal when you have the opportunity to see your future purchase with your own eyes. If the purchase is made via the Internet, then you need to be prepared for the fact that the color may differ from what you see on the monitor;
• Hardwood parquet boards are much more practical than softwood ones. And don’t be mistaken - in terms of hardness, oak is in the middle of the wood hardness table;
• Another indicator is the stability of the board. An ordinary buyer will not be able to determine it - a professional is needed;
• Parquet installers recommend opening the packages directly in the store and checking the geometry of the board. But here you need to keep in mind that if you refuse to purchase, you will have to resolve the issue with packaging;

Parquet floors are nice solution for the interior of any room. At the same time, high demands are placed on them in terms of aesthetics, sanitary and hygienic standards and thermal and sound insulation. As a rule, the use of this flooring material is advisable not only in residential buildings, but also in educational institutions, theaters, museums, sanatoriums.

What are the features?

The main advantages of parquet floors are their beautiful appearance and durability of the coating. They are also characterized by minimal sound permeability and thermal conductivity. But it is not easy to install parquet floors, since high demands are placed on them in terms of evenness, smoothness and durability of the surface.

Each type of parquet consists of a covering, a layer and a base, which are various elements- from wooden joists to subfloors and prefabricated fiberboard screeds. The layer can be leveling layers based on a mixture of cement, sand or polymer mortar, as well as bedding, hydro- and As for the coating, it can be pieced and mosaic, in the form of parquet boards or panels with different sizes and patterns.

How is the floor constructed?

Modern parquet floors have a complex structure, so their installation requires professionalism and the ability to work with such material. High-quality installation begins with surface preparation. Since parquet boards are high quality flooring, the permissible difference in surface height cannot be more than 1 mm per linear meter. Therefore, in addition to leveling the base with a screed, you will need to use a self-leveling mixture. The final leveling is ensured by plywood - it is a kind of intermediate link between the parquet and the concrete base.

We carry out the screed

The installation of a parquet floor involves laying cement-sand screed or a wooden “sub-floor” on joists. However, a screed is most often used. It has certain requirements:

1. Surface evenness. Leveling is mandatory if there are defects on the surface.
2. Compressive strength. Depending on the thickness of the floor covering, experts advise using a durable screed. Its minimum thickness is 40 mm.
3. Low humidity. Since wood is hygroscopic, it will deform over time. The humidity of the base under parquet should be no more than 5%. To make the screed dry faster and better, a waterproofing material is used.

Plywood as an insulating material

Installing a parquet floor is difficult process, in which it is important to provide many details. For example, installation technology involves creating an intermediate layer of plywood. Its purpose is to compensate for the “movement” of the parquet as a result of changes in humidity in the room. Before many experts suggest covering the screed waterproofing material- this will protect the wooden floor from moisture accumulation and further rotting. It is best in such cases to use foil film or a special polyurethane-based primer.

The substrate is created on the basis of moisture-resistant plywood up to 20 mm thick - it depends on the thickness of the parquet strip. It is best to cut plywood into squares:

1. This way the likelihood of the plywood coming off the surface will be lower.
2. The dimensions of the squares will match the size of the planks, so the floor and underlay will exhibit the same amount of expansion and contraction, thereby increasing the durability of the flooring.

The plywood is glued to the base and additionally secured with self-tapping screws or dowels. After installation it is carried out finishing and sanding of parquet floors.

Choosing glue

To attach plywood and parquet, you need high-quality glue. It comes in several types:

1. Dispersible (water-soluble). This glue is optimal in price and quality, shows excellent adhesion, is elastic and easy to use. There are no odors when using it, and the glue dries quickly. When choosing such a composition, you need to pay attention to the amount of water - the more there is, the more the geometry of the plank will change due to the glue. Dispersion adhesive should not be used if the floors (parquet boards) are made of European wood species - beech, hornbeam, cherry, cherry. They are considered unstable because water will cause the slats made from them to warp. You should not use this glue if the planks are too large in size.
2. Polyurethane. This adhesive consists of two components and is excellent when using materials prone to warping and laying wide planks. Such compositions are expensive, but they have good adhesion to the surface and no shrinkage. The short drying time means that parquet flooring must be installed as quickly as possible.

Laying on a screed: pros and cons

There is another option for laying parquet boards - without using plywood directly on the screed. Previously, this method was not used, since the adhesives lacked elasticity, as a result, moisture could leak into the parquet from the screed.

Today, laying parquet flooring directly on the screed is possible by applying a waterproofing primer to it. And a highly elastic adhesive is applied to it, which holds the planks in place. In some cases, it is advisable to supplement the substrate with non-woven fibrous material, which will compensate for the force of the parquet to come off the base. The technology is good, but too expensive, and besides, the work is carried out exclusively on a flat and solid base.

Finishing

Once the glue has cured and the planks have stabilized (usually this takes about two weeks), you can begin sanding the parquet. This is done different types, gradually reducing the grain of the sanding paper. Before sanding, you need to putty all the cracks and recesses in order to get a beautiful parquet floor - as neat and smooth as possible.

Now you can coat the surface with varnish or oil. It is best to use compounds from the same company that produces the rest of the parquet chemicals. The purpose of varnishes is not only to make the floor decorative, but also to protect it by creating an artificial film on the surface. Most often, up to 7 layers of varnish are required. Parquet can also be coated with oil, which contains natural ingredients. The peculiarity of this finish is the ability to emphasize the texture and naturalness of the wood and protect it from moisture. True, the oil coating will need to be updated from time to time.

Warm board or parquet?

How to make a parquet floor if you prefer a heated system? Until recently, it was impossible to think through such a repair method, since the choice of parquet boards was limited. Today experts offer more modern solutions, which avoid the appearance of cracks on the surface between the parquet planks. Of course, any tree reacts to temperature changes and humidity. But in Scandinavian countries, parquet flooring has been used for a long time.

Warm parquet floors can be installed using the floating floor method, which uses metal brackets. They are needed to fasten the boards together, which are subsequently laid on the base without fastening. Such a floor will never be torn off from the base, because it is not connected to it. Staples allow you to regulate the natural expansion and contraction of wood that occurs with changes in temperature and humidity. And this is very important if you are laying parquet on a floor with a heating system.

What kind of wood is parquet made from?

Modern parquet floors have a different base, since the material is used to produce different wood- soft, medium and hard. The higher it is, the stronger it will be, showing a high degree of wear resistance. Soft wood is found in birch and cherry, medium wood in oak, ash, merbau, hard wood in ebony and jatoba.

An important role is played by the stability of wood, that is, the degree of its deformation during temperature changes and changes in humidity. The most stable species are teak, oak, merbau, and beech. However, the latter is highly sensitive to changes in the level of humidity in the room. All tree species on which parquet flooring is created can be divided into groups according to color. Light flooring material will be made from beech, maple, ash, birch, hornbeam, and white acacia. This wood darkens slowly and looks beautiful indoors. Pink tones distinguish the wood of pear, cherry and alder, red shades can be observed in merbau, jatoba, doussia and other rare species of trees. Brown parquet is made from walnut, teak, and ipe lapacho wood.

How is parquet classified?

Parquet flooring is beautiful and bright. But it is important to consider a few points before choosing a material. Firstly, the type of cut plays an important role - it can be radial or tangential. Radial cutting is considered wear-resistant, reliable and requires the presence of parallel lines along the entire length of the die. Tangential cutting is distinguished by arched lines and is considered the most affordable.

Secondly, you need to pay close attention to the wear layer - that is, the layer of the strip from the front surface to the upper edge of the tenon. Thirdly, the thickness of the parquet determines how long and reliably the floor will be used. And most importantly, the fastening of the tenons and grooves must be airtight and tight while maintaining a gap of 1 mm.

Solid board

The modern market offers a wide selection of wooden coverings - parquet, solid wood, parquet boards. Solid board (GOST 8242-88) is created from solid wood and has big sizes unlike parquet. Its distinctive feature is the chamfer that exists around the perimeter of the board. It highlights each board in the covering and emphasizes its dimensions. Solid wood boards can be supplied sanded or already treated with varnish, oil or wax. In the second option, the parquet floor will not need to be treated.

IN standard version installation technology involves fastening solid board for glue and screws. When laying this variety, you need to remember several rules:

1. Varnishing is possible only after installation.
2. Solid boards cannot be laid with glue water based or solvent based.
3. The “floating” method for laying solid boards is not suitable.
4. You cannot attach the board to a screed based on cement and sand.

Most often, errors in installation occur when the boards are incorrectly selected in width, the wrong glue is used, or the material is not pressed down sufficiently.

Parquet

The most beautiful is parquet flooring. The photo shows how much interesting solutions can be implemented in your home. Piece parquet is created from solid wood with a thickness of 14-22 mm and complies with GOST 862.1-85. If the length and width of the planks are multiples, then you can lay out a pattern in the form of a deck or herringbone. Parquet planks are available left and right, and if a herringbone or square pattern is installed, the same quantities of both planks will be required.

Parquet planks are securely connected to each other thanks to tongues and grooves. If the implementation of artistic elements or borders is required, then modular elements are used for this. The parquet strip is fixed with special nails using a pneumatic gun. All types of block parquet are semi-finished products that, after installation, require sanding and treatment with a protective compound.

Laying parquet is carried out with a number of reservations:

1. If the parquet is chamfered, it cannot be treated with varnish after installation.
2. Parquet is installed only by gluing it to the base (the “floating” method is not suitable).
3. The parquet is not attached directly to the screed.
4. If the installation was carried out with dispersion adhesive or a solvent-based composition, then sanding should be done immediately.

If installed incorrectly, a wooden parquet floor will, at a minimum, look unsightly, and at maximum, the varnish layer will begin to crack, cracks will form, and the integrity of the base structure will be compromised.

After preparing the base, you can begin laying the parquet:

1. Laying starts from the long wall: the first board is applied to the wall in the corner, a wedge is installed between them to create a gap between the flooring and the walls.
2. Subsequent planks are laid along the wall. Monitor the accuracy of the joining of the ridge and grooves.
3. All subsequent boards are laid in the same way.

Parquet board

This flooring material complies with GOST 862.3-86 and is a multi-layer structure. The top layer is solid wood valuable species, middle - bars made of pine or spruce, the bottom layer is needed to stabilize the base and is made of plywood or veneer coniferous species trees. All elements are securely glued together with a special waterproof glue, which ensures uniformity and adhesion strength of all layers. Such parquet floors have received good reviews, since the surface is even, smooth and beautiful.

When using this type, you must carefully follow the installation steps. The parquet board can be laid in a “floating” way, but it is necessary to monitor the level of humidity of the base and the gap with the wall.

Features of care and repair

Floor coverings, which are based on natural wood, require careful and thorough care. The most important thing is that the room must provide optimal temperature and humidity: 20-24 degrees with a humidity of 45-60%. The real enemies of parquet are dust and sand, which lead to rapid abrasion of the varnish or oil coating. You can clean such a floor with a damp cloth or vacuum cleaner, but do not wash it!

To avoid scratches, you should stick special felt pads on the furniture legs. Laying parquet should be done in well-heated rooms in winter, since a sharp change in temperature and humidity will lead to rapid destruction of the floor.

How to repair a parquet floor? If the problems are minor, for example, scratches appear, they can be removed with a retouching pencil or repaired with putty. Such areas will only need to be sanded after drying and treated with varnish. If water is spilled on the parquet, the damaged area may become deformed. In such cases, it is often necessary to re-lay the parquet or lay a new one.

Another serious problem with parquet floors is squeaking. It can become stronger as it is used. There are several ways to correct the situation:

1. Drill a hole in the center of the area where the creaking is heard. As a rule, this is enough.
2. If the base of the floor is hard concrete, you can pour a special mixture of cement and water into the hole.
3. If the creaking area is too large, then the only way to get rid of the creaking is to re-lay the parquet. It is costly and labor-intensive, but reliable.

Another one common problem- parquet drying out. This is due to the fact that the slats dry out and decrease in size as they are used, so they begin to wobble. Such planks must be replaced, since these areas cannot be repaired. If this is observed on small area, then it is easier to replace individual strips with new ones.

Under the influence of changes in humidity, the parquet becomes moisturized, then dries out, and as a result, cracks appear. It is impossible to eliminate this process; you can only monitor the humidity in the room using a humidifier. If the gap is very small, it is enough to clean it and then putty. If the gap is larger than 5 mm, then putty will not help. In this case, it needs to be deepened, cleaned, and the insert cut out from suitable tree and drive her into the crack. Then the surface is sanded and varnished.

In some cases, the planks may peel off. This is caused by several reasons: poor-quality glue or mastic, violation of installation technology, or high humidity in the room. In this case, the problem is solved differently depending on the reason. If it is concrete, then the nests of the planks are carefully processed, then primed and dried. The planks are glued back with mastic. In the case of a wooden base, the nests of the planks are also cleaned and coated with glue, then the loose planks are inserted back and nailed.

Beautiful parquet floor - perfect solution for any interior. The main thing is to approach its installation correctly.

The role of flooring in the interior of a room is difficult to overestimate. Beautiful parquet will add personality and style to the room, but incorrectly selected flooring can ruin all the efforts of the designer and repairmen.

Today, there are many types of flooring, including artistic parquet, with which you can implement various ideas for decorating a room. Our gallery will demonstrate how you can diversify the design of a room using this flooring.

The role of parquet in the interior

The floor, as the foundation of the room, sets the tone for the design of the entire room. And parquet as a floor covering not only creates a beautiful decorative effect, but is also an environmentally friendly, practical and durable flooring. With its help you can change the perception of the room as a whole. So wide planks visually expand the space, making it more voluminous. And narrow stripes give the room coziness and compactness.

Photo of parquet in the interior - the use of narrow and wide planks

An important role in the design of the room is played by the flooring pattern. The most popular installation method is herringbone. This pattern is quite labor-intensive to execute, but, thanks to the special arrangement of the planks, it will last a very long time.

Herringbone flooring never goes out of style

In a minimalist room design, you can use the “deck” method of laying boards. In this case, the dies are placed in parallel, simulating the continuity of the boards, which was previously used in shipbuilding.

On a note: This option for laying parquet is the most economical in terms of material consumption.

“Deck” parquet is an excellent base for accenting furniture and decorative elements

There are other ways of laying tiles, with which you can diversify the design of the room. These are “squares”, “chess”, diagonal, “braid”, in a running pattern - the scope for imagination is unlimited.

Please note: The more varied and complex the flooring pattern, the more skill will be required to implement it.

Artistic parquet looks especially luxurious in the interior. It is manufactured in a factory according to individually drawn up sketches. And the uniqueness of the design can be emphasized by inlay with stones and a combination of wood of different species.

Reference: If earlier artistic parquet was expensive, today more affordable technological developments have appeared.

Artistic parquet – design in the style of modern classics

How to choose the color of parquet for the interior of the room

The choice of dies of one color or another depends on the level of illumination of the room where they will be installed. IN dark room It is better to use light parquet (made from light wood).

The flooring is very light, almost white, in Lately began to be frequently used in designer interiors. But it should be used very carefully. After all, on the one hand, such a coating creates a feeling of open space, and on the other, it can make the interior faceless and boring. In what cases will white parquet look appropriate?

White flooring is ideal for creating an aged (“shabby chic”) effect.

Light or bleached flooring looks organic in a room decorated in Scandinavian style, country or ethnic

Bleached oak is ideal for modern minimalist interiors. Its wood can range in color from greyish-white to cream, allowing for a variety of designs.

On a note: The main disadvantage of white coating is that it requires regular maintenance and cleaning.

Parquet white oak appreciated for its excellent performance properties

A popular material for making light-colored flooring is ash. It has a beautiful texture and soft golden color.

Ash wood is reliable and strong, it does not crack or warp.

You can add some zest to the design of your room using maple parquet. It has a “chameleon” effect - it changes shade depending on the lighting.

Thanks to delicate mother-of-pearl, maple wood reflects light, changing its color

Gray parquet in the interior is practical and beautiful. Dark gray flooring visually reduces the room, while light gray flooring, on the contrary, expands it and makes it light and airy. This color has a calming effect on people, so it can be used to decorate living rooms, bedrooms, and dining rooms.

A room with gray flooring “breathes” freshness and coolness

The most common flooring colors are golden brown. This popularity is explained by their versatility, because wood shades can vary from light milky to the color of dark chocolate. Brown parquet will add solidity and solidity to the interior. It is used in rooms where there is a lack of sunlight. The most popular types of wood are walnut, merbau, and rosewood.

Beige and red colors will eliminate dullness and gloom and bring comfort and warmth to the room

Dark wooden parquet looks expensive and elegant. Such flooring will successfully emphasize the elegance of both modern and classic interior. Flooring made of cherry, wenge (grown in Africa) will add some mystery to the room.

Wenge parquet, with its fine structure and rich color, will organically fit into any design

The color of wood plays an important role in the interior. The more contrast it is, the more it attracts attention and becomes the central element of the room. So red parquet became a symbol of luxury and elitism. It looks massive and monumental. And black parquet will be appropriate for a room decorated in an avant-garde style.

Advice: if you plan to focus on the flooring, it is better to choose high-quality and expensive flooring.

Stylish expensive parquet should not be covered with carpet or cluttered with furniture

An original solution would be colored parquet. The color blue is considered a symbol of peace, relaxation and tranquility.

With the help of blue parquet you can add a touch of lightness and carefreeness to the room.

To give the room a fresh look, you can use rare wood flooring with a greenish tint. The finished flooring can also be tinted green.

Green parquet floor is a great place for meditation

Please note: A bright floor would be appropriate in a living room or a nursery, but it is better not to use it in a bedroom.

Using a play of colors and a combination of different textures of floor coverings, you can zone a room and add bright accents, individuality. And even if the coating wears out over time, it can be peeled off, a varnish coating applied, and the flooring will restore its original appearance.

Bottom line

Parquet is a beautiful and noble covering. It is unique in its variety of colors, textures, and performance qualities. Natural wood flooring is valued for its environmental friendliness and ability to add warmth and comfort to a home. So when choosing flooring, think about how it will form the basis of the design of the entire room.