And you can find out in advance how the selected shade will look in the room by looking at photos of interior wall paints.

Pay attention to how much the paint for the walls of a particular manufacturer costs. As a rule, cheap paints and varnishes are the most short-lived, but this does not mean that you cannot find a suitable option in the low price segment.

average price for high-quality paint starts at about 700 rubles per liter.

Now you know how to choose paint for walls in an apartment, and you can safely go in search of a suitable manufacturer and color. And when choosing high-quality paint, your walls will look no worse than surfaces with wallpaper, panel and other coatings.

Video

Watch a video on the criteria for choosing paint for residential premises:

In the apartment. How to choose the right one in each specific case is one of the main questions that must be answered before starting repair work. The existing variety of shades of different colors allows you to create different visual effects in the room, so the final choice will have to be made not according to color characteristics, but according to other parameters. Below we will talk about what paints are now on the construction market and what is important to consider before buying.

Current classification

Arriving at any hardware store, eyes run up from various cans with different types of paints. In an attempt to understand all this abundance, it is worth considering in advance what characteristics should be indicated on the bank you need. Let's go through the points:

1. All paints are divided into facade and interior paints, i.e. some are used outside the house, and others inside. Paints for walls in an apartment should be interior paints (often on the packaging it says “for interior work”).
2. Paints differ in their interaction with water: there are moisture- and non-moisture resistant, i.e. some are applicable in wet areas (kitchen, bathroom), while others are not. To choose a more suitable option, you need to think about the purpose of the room being repaired.
3. Another important parameter by which all paints are divided into two groups is vapor permeability. On the market there are vapor-permeable, i.e. breathable materials, and vapor-proof. In those rooms where you have to spend a lot of time (living room, bedroom), it is necessary to choose vapor-permeable wall paints.
4. Already when choosing and buying building materials, you should think about caring for them. Wear resistance is an important parameter here. This is especially important when a washable paint is chosen, because the degree of abrasion resistance should directly depend on the frequency of washing the walls.
5. Also, when choosing, you need to rely on such a characteristic as hiding power. It means how much paint is required for 1 sq. m. surface. This parameter does not affect the appearance of the painted wall, but it should be taken into account when determining the required number of cans.
6. To make the work easier and more convenient, it is worth looking for another concept on the paint can - thixotropy. This parameter takes into account the ability to change its consistency under any external influences. With a high thixotropy, the paints do not drip from the brush, do not leave streaks, do not provoke sediment in the jar.
7. According to the texture, glossy and matte, ordinary and embossed paints are distinguished, and not only the aesthetic side is important here: glossy is suitable only for perfectly even coatings, and, for example, textured paint can hide some wall defects.

Advice! It is advisable to find the inscription "for the walls" on the bank. Many paints are positioned as universal, but the properties and characteristics of materials for walls and ceilings or floors are slightly different, so it is better to purchase separate materials for each coating.

Types of paints by composition

By composition, all paints are divided into several types, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages:

• Water-dispersive (in some sources it has the name “ water-based paint for walls») Contains water in the composition in the form of a solvent, so it dries quickly and has no odor. All water-based paints differ in the polymer acting as a binder. Such a substance is polyvinyl acetate (the cheapest option, which is suitable for decorating ceilings, but only in dry rooms), acrylic resins or latex. Among the advantages of such paints are the vapor permeability of the coating, the absence of the process of absorbing dirt into the structure and the easy removal of dirt from the surface.

• Alkyd the element bonding paint contains an alkyd resin. Such enamels dry out due to the oxidation of the solvent from interaction with air. Drying occurs quickly, and the appearance of a vapor-tight, durable film is provided on the surface. During application and even after it, an unpleasant odor persists, which is why they are used extremely rarely in residential premises. Basically, they are used when it is necessary to protect metal from corrosion.

It is especially customary to talk about decorative options. Decorative paint is usually water-borne, although other options are possible. Thanks to them, you can imitate any texture on your wall: from silk, velvet and any other fabric to stone, silver or gold - this is a frequently used technique in designer interiors. One example of decorative materials is pearlescent wall paint, which can create completely different visual effects depending on the angle of incidence of the light.

Advice! To obtain the required texture when using decorative paint, it will be necessary to work with different painting devices: rollers of various modifications, brushes, sponges, spatulas, etc.

Competent choice

To wall decoration with paint did not become a problem, both during the repair and after it, it is necessary to think over many details in advance. Before purchasing the coveted jar, it is worth weighing everything carefully:

• Determine the purpose of the room in which the walls are to be painted. Bathroom and kitchen require moisture-resistant materials, nursery - environmentally friendly, living room and bedroom - vapor-permeable. Think about the frequency of cleaning in a particular room and determine what degree of paint durability is right for you.
• Calculate the surface area prepared for painting. Paying attention to the hiding power of the paint, determine the required amount of materials.

Before painting interior walls, most of us think about color first. However, what is not visible is very important. Will the paint subsequently be difficult to tolerate for allergy sufferers? How to protect the wall from moisture? How easy will it be to remove dirt from the wall?

We will show you what type of paint is needed for every corner of your home.

1 Paints for various premises

For interior walls and ceilings, it is better to use emulsion (dispersion) paints. They are durable and not subject to abrasion, they are well applied to plaster, concrete, brick and drywall. Walls covered with emulsion "breathe" as they let water vapor pass through, so they are not afraid of mold. In addition, the surface after painting remains smooth and, if dirty, it can be wiped off without problems with water and the addition of detergent. High-quality emulsion paints are easy to use, they have a thick consistency (in an unmixed state - jelly), do not run off or drip from the brush. They differ from each other by a binder, which can be, for example, acrylic, vinyl or latex.

HALL AND BEDROOM

Matt emulsion paints have worked well in living rooms and bedrooms. They perfectly hide various irregularities - walls and ceilings will look noble. It is worth making sure that the painted surfaces absorb excess moisture. This is especially important in a sleeping room. Thus, in the bedroom it is worth using acrylic paints with the so-called high vapor permeability.

CHILDREN'S ROOM

We recommend easily washable acrylic paints for children's rooms. They must be characterized by zero emissions, that is, they must not contain harmful substances. Look for paints with labels such as Eco Label, Blue Angel. This label indicates that the products are environmentally friendly and safe. Glue paints are also safe, but the walls they paint are more difficult to keep clean.

BATHROOM AND KITCHEN

It is best to paint sanitary premises with moisture resistant latex or acrylic paints with the addition of antifungal agents. And for the kitchen, the best solution would be those paints from which you can easily wash off grease stains in the future.

HALLWAY AND HALLWAY

To paint the walls of the hallway and corridor, you should choose paints that are resistant to mechanical damage and abrasion, for example, acrylic-latex. If you plan to use wall panels, then instead of an emulsion, you can choose a whole range of enamels, that is, acrylic and alkyd paints with varying degrees of gloss.

FACILITIES

For utility rooms, inexpensive vinyl and acrylic paints are suitable. Everyone knows that workshops and garages need to be tinted systematically. In the washing and drying rooms in country houses, you can use the same type of paints as for the bathroom and kitchen.

2 Paints for surfaces of various materials

CONCRETE PAINTS

Even a material as strong as concrete requires additional maintenance, especially in utility rooms. For example, in the garage, special reinforcing paints (polymer and polyurethane), resistant to dirt and oily stains, have proven themselves well. They also protect from dust on the floor, creating a protective film on the surface that neither moisture nor mechanical damage can destroy. These paints are available in various shades of gray.

Concrete gradually "comes out of hiding" and more and more often it can be found in living quarters. For example, the concrete floor in the living room must be treated as follows: primed with an oily base or painted with high durability paint. Your floor will shine like a shabby floor. The concrete floor in the bathroom must be protected from water. Epoxy paints are perfect for this.

PAINTS FOR GLAZED AND CERAMIC TILES

If you're tired of old tiles, you don't have to knock them off the walls and lay down new ones. Special paints make it easy to change the design of the room. You can also decorate the tiles with a decor, an image of your own taste, or use a template. It all depends only on your ingenuity and on the appropriate colors. Special paints for glass and ceramics can be purchased, for example, in plastic shops. If necessary, you can also change the color of the joints between tiles or terracotta using fugue paints. Such painting will require attention, patience and precise execution, as it is important not to paint the edges of the tiles. Therefore, you must first protect them by sticking thin strips of masking tape.

PAINTS FOR WOOD ELEMENTS

Use varnishes or lacquer stains to preserve the texture and natural shade of interior wood doors, floors, stairs and panels. The most popular are polyurethane varnishes, which well protect the surface from damage. They are quite cheap, but, unfortunately, take a long time to dry. Acrylic and alkyd varnishes are becoming more and more popular. They can be either colorless, preserving the characteristic pattern of layers and the original color of the wood, and transparent - allowing you to obtain shades that imitate the colors of valuable wood species (wood glaze). Wooden elements can be painted in any color with covering paints, but the pattern of the layers will be lost. The color of natural wood can be changed with a stain, on top of which a colorless varnish can be applied. In this case, the surface color will remain unchanged.

EXTERNAL PLASTER PAINTS

If emulsions diluted with organic solvents (for example, gasoline for varnish) are used to paint a building, the paint will penetrate deeply into the structure of the plaster and additionally strengthen it. In addition, emulsion paint dries quickly and therefore there is no need to protect the walls from rain during work. You just need to remember that you cannot paint fresh plaster with an emulsion. With this you need to wait at least a month. Otherwise, the paint will lose color and smudges will appear on the wall. If there is no such amount of time in stock, then mineral paints (silicate, cement, and also silicone) will come to the rescue. They can be used to paint walls as early as three days after plastering. Thanks to the silicone film, when it rains, water will flow down the wall of the house, at the same time washing away dirt. These paints have only one drawback - having applied this type of paint once, it will no longer be possible to change it. Other paints simply won't stick to the silicone surface.

PAINTS FOR EXTERNAL WOODEN SURFACES

Exterior wooden walls are treated primarily with anti-mildew and insect treatments. Also varnishes are used, which create a film that protects the tree from the effects of water and sun. Varnish stains and glazes on wood for external work can protect the surface from a large amount of moisture. You can choose varnishes that change the color of wood and paints for outdoor use in various colors. Remember that light colors are more resistant to sunlight.

3 Special paints

Paint today is more than just a color. They can imitate wood or stone, create a textured surface. Why glue wallpaper and knock down plaster? You can update the wall with appropriate formulations or even a regular emulsion.

For decorative effects, special paints, such as structural or decorative paints, are best. In this case, there is a double effect. The wall looks beautiful and at the same time is scratch and moisture resistant.

STRUCTURAL PAINTS

After applying the structural paint, the surface of the wall looks like an abstract relief, and it feels like sandpaper or hardened earth to the touch. The so-called structure can be bought in the form of powder, ready-made mass, paste, which is then added to ordinary paint. Structural paints breathe and wash well.

Instructions for use

1. Clean the wall first. When the wall is dry, place an appropriate primer on it.
   ATTENTION! If you want to paint a larger section of the wall, first divide it into smaller sections using masking tape.
2. For the application of the structural paint, a brush, soft roller or float is used (an overlay layer of more than 8 mm thickness is called structural plaster).
3. Before the mass dries, it is necessary to make drawings on it with a textured roller (it cannot be dipped in paint), a sponge or a rag.
4. After a few hours, the wall can be painted with azure or varnish (colorless or colored).

DECORATORY PAINTS

Decorating paints perfectly convey the illusion of natural materials or cracked plaster. They can look like wood and precious stones. The technique used to apply these paints to the wall depends on the effect you want to achieve. For example, pearlescent shine.

Instructions for use

1. Apply base paint to the primed surface.
2. Using a roller, use a cruciform motion to distribute a thin layer of mother-of-pearl decorative paint.
3. Finally, with a brush with artificial fibers, we make traces that emphasize the shiny fragments of the wall.

EMULSION PAINTS

Want to achieve a scuffed effect? Emulsion paints are also suitable here. The trick is to alternately apply thin layers of emulsions of different colors to the wall.

Instructions for use

1. A light shade of primer is applied to the prepared surface.
2. After drying, paint on top with a darker paint.
3. To obtain an original pattern, we wipe the surface while still wet with a brush or crumpled newspaper.

ATTENTION! Scuffs on large indoor walls can be overwhelming. Therefore, set aside only a small part of the surface for them.

OTHER SPECIAL PAINTS

1. Phosphorescent paint contains pigments that absorb light rays. In a room whose walls are painted with this paint in two layers, the glow effect can last for 20 minutes.
2. Scented paint can smell like lemon or flowers (optional). Its smell remains in the room for another 3 days after the can is closed.
3. Magnetic paint can successfully replace buttons and adhesive tapes. It contains stainless iron particles, due to which the magnet is attracted to the wall like a refrigerator door.

Filling the chipped areas of enamelled bathtubs

Chips appeared on the perfectly white bathtub. Don't panic! The surface can be renewed with a two-component polyurethane paint (the second component is a hardener), the texture of which resembles enamel.

1. Fill the chips with putty first.
2. Sand thoroughly after drying.
3. Clean the inside of the bath with a cloth soaked in solvent.
4. Stir the paint thoroughly with the hardener and apply to the bath surface.
5. Wait a few days for the paint to dry before taking a bath.

In this way, you can update any other enamelled sanitary equipment.

Parquet coating with varnish

Various varnishes are used for varnishing parquet floors, depending on the type of wood. Before coating, you need to properly prepare the base:

• Clean coniferous parquet flooring with acetone or solvent.
• On oak and hornbeam parquet, first apply a layer of primer varnish, otherwise it will lose its natural color.
• Exotic wood parquet flooring must be treated with an essential oil-blocking primer.

Rust painting

In order to renew metal objects on the site or old gates, you will need a metal brush and anti-corrosion paint as a primer and paint over the surface. Most often it is an alkyd paint. The sequence of actions is as follows:

1. We carefully clean off the rust. Old paint remover can help remove cracked paint.
2. On the surface prepared in this way, apply a light gray or dark brown primer, depending on the chosen color of the base paint.

Attention: You can also buy surface paints with anti-corrosion additives. In this case, there is no need to clean the metal from rust.

The scope of use of paints in construction is constantly expanding. With the advent of new technologies and materials, the choice of finishing options also grows. Paints are easy to work with, offer a huge selection of colors and shades, and can be used for different types of work and coatings. There are many types of them, and they differ both in composition and in purpose.

The entire range of paints can be roughly divided into four large groups:

• alkyd,
• emulsion,
• silicate,
• adhesive.

Alkyd - paints based on drying oil (oil) or varnish (enamel). After drying, they form a waterproof film, non-toxic, UV-resistant, suitable for indoor and outdoor use. They are applied to wood, metal, plaster.

Emulsion - most often they are made on a water basis with the addition of pigments, emulsifiers, various additives. In addition to water-based emulsion, this group includes water-dispersed, acrylic, latex and polyvinyl acetate types. They are used for application to fine-pored surfaces:

• plaster;
• concrete;
• wood;
• primer for metal.

These paints are non-toxic and can be used in living rooms.

Silicate - made on the basis of liquid glass and water. By their properties, they are fireproof, resistant to temperature fluctuations, and are used for porous surfaces (wood, concrete, plaster).

Adhesive - produced mainly for interior work, since they do not withstand high humidity. They are made on the basis of natural glue (casein, starch, PVA) and water.

Transparent coatings (varnishes) are used for natural wood floors. Absolutely transparent or with the addition of coloring pigments, they reveal the natural beauty of the tree, penetrate deeply, protecting the floor from moisture and ultraviolet radiation. Polyurethane varnishes are sufficiently resistant to mechanical stress.

Acrylic paint is widely used for wood floors due to its resistance to abrasion, humidity, temperature changes and sunlight. The cover allows the wood to "breathe", preventing moisture damage. Can be used for indoor and outdoor use.

Paint for interior work should, first of all, be safe: non-toxic during operation and, preferably, without a strong odor during the drying period. And to create the desired interior design, it must either have a rich selection of shades, or be easily mixed with pigments.

Advice!
The paint should be relatively water resistant so that small dirt can be washed off rather than repainting all walls.

For ceilings, water-based types of high density are used: such paint should be snow-white and cover the surface well.

Best done with acrylic or latex types. Acrylics create a matte surface that is not afraid of mechanical abrasion and tolerates wet cleaning well enough. But it is not suitable for rooms with a high level of humidity: the ingress of water spoils it.

Latex paint makes the coating slightly glossy, moisture resistant and quite durable. It is she who is most often advised when questions about which paint for the bathroom is most suitable. The layer is thin, which makes it possible to use this type of textured plaster or embossed wallpaper.

The matte paint used in the interior has already become familiar: it does not strike the eye, it looks restrained and noble. Almost all types of paint have matte varieties:

• water-based;
• acrylic;
• latex;
• alkyd enamels.

The question of which paint is better to choose - matte or glossy - is solely a matter of taste.

Advantages: uniform coverage, deep color without glare and reflections, masking irregularities and small defects. The matte finish is most often used in interior design, allowing for rich color even when using light shades.

Disadvantages: High susceptibility to dirt, even with enamel coatings. It is much more difficult to clean matte paint from hand marks or other contaminants than glossy paint. In addition, damage and scratches are better visible on matte paint.

Dispersion paint is a mixture of a liquid base and insoluble components: pigments, emulsifiers, thickeners, etc. In the case of using a water base and a liquid phase, a water-based paint is obtained, but it is only a part of the entire line of dispersion types in general.

Advice!
The peculiarity of dispersion types is that the base and components can delaminate, therefore, before using the paint, even fresh, it must be thoroughly mixed. And if necessary, such paint can be diluted without problems.

For interior work, water-dispersion paints are used: acrylic, latex, adhesive. are made using synthetic resins and antiseptics that increase resistance to precipitation, frost, burnout and microorganisms.

Fire retardant paints act as a barrier between the fire and the surface, creating an insulating layer. The use of such coatings protects surfaces from fire for up to an hour and a half. According to the principle of action, they are of two types:

1. intumescent, when the paint swells when heated, creating an air gap,
2. non-intumescent, which create a non-combustible layer.

Fire retardant paints are used for any materials suffering from high temperatures:

• wood, which is one of the most flammable materials in construction;
• metal structures that lose their strength under the influence of fire (this is especially dangerous for load-bearing elements);
• cement and concrete, which crack and crumble from high temperatures;
• resin-based materials (bitumen) used, for example, for roofing;
• air ducts and ventilation systems, which in the event of a fire turn into fire conductors;
• heating boilers, chimneys, heating systems, gas pipelines.

Advice!
It is convenient and easy to use fire retardant paint: it does not lose its properties under the influence of atmospheric precipitation, ultraviolet rays and temperature extremes.

The largest brands have not in vain won their niche in the market: for the manufacture of, for example, high-quality water-based paint, at least 15 different components are needed for a cheap product and about 30-40 for an expensive high-quality paint. It is the various additives that provide consumer qualities that are so appreciated in a good product:

• optimal density,
• hiding power,
• density and thickness of the layer,
• abrasion resistance,
• uniformity of coverage,
• water-repellent properties.

It is simply impossible to get a good product from bad raw materials!

The second important factor in the production of paint (and in any other production) is adherence to the technological process. Here you will need modern equipment with a computerized process control system, a high-tech production line.

That is why one cannot expect high quality from paint made, relatively speaking, in the nearest basement. Even if you really want to save money, it's better not to mess with a cheap product.

Before applying paint, it is necessary to prepare the surface: level, prime, dry, remove dust and small particles. In some cases it is necessary to remove the old paint or clean and putty the flaws.

There are three main methods for working with paints:

1. painting with a brush,
2. roller,
3. spray.

Depending on the surface area, a wide whitewash brush, medium-sized flutes, or a small panel (for small details) is used. Modern paints fit well and spread over the surface, forming a uniform coating. When painting, it is better to apply strokes in one direction, after painting the corners, joints and ends with a smaller brush, so that they do not damage them later.

A roller made of a special material that picks up paint well and applies it in an even layer is the second option. It allows you to apply a sufficiently dense layer necessary when painting painted walls. Staining techniques are the same as with a brush: all movements are done in one direction, the second layer is applied with perpendicular strokes. A long-handled roller is used for floor and ceiling treatment.