Gas silicate-based blocks are widely used as a building material for the construction of buildings. They provide increased thermal insulation of buildings, but due to their porous structure they absorb moisture. The plaster mixture allows you to form a protective coating on the wall. First, rough plaster for gas silicate blocks is laid on the prepared surface. Then apply thin layer solution and grouting is performed. Covering the wall with aerated concrete, plastered with dry mixtures, helps prevent cracking of the material due to waterlogging.

Properties of gas silicate material and its protection using a plaster layer

Silicate blocks are a modern building material characterized by a cellular structure. They are made from a mixture of quartz sand and cement, to which aluminum powder and lime are added. When mixing the ingredients, it occurs chemical reaction, as a result of which the gas silicate solution increases its volume and then hardens in special forms.

Gas silicate based blocks are used as building materials for the construction of buildings.

As a result of the gas formation reaction, the blocks acquire a porous structure, which determines the main performance characteristics of the material:

• reduced thermal conductivity. Gas silicate walls reduce thermal energy losses and reduce heating costs;
• ability to absorb noise. Cells unevenly distributed inside the blocks prevent extraneous noise from entering the room;
• increased vapor permeability. Air exchange occurs through the pores, improving the microclimate of the living space.

In addition, the blocks have energy-saving properties. They gradually accumulate thermal energy, which is then transferred to the room and increases its temperature.

• reduced weight;
• increased strength characteristics;
• increased volume;
• correct geometry;
• minimum tolerances on dimensions;
• good machinability;
• environmental cleanliness;
• frost resistance;
• fire safety.

In the field of low-rise construction, silicate blocks have proven themselves positively

The need to plaster the surface of porous blocks is associated with the following properties of the material:

• increased hygroscopicity. Porous gas silicate is prone to absorbing moisture, which causes gradual destruction of the material at negative temperatures, and also contributes to the development of microorganisms. To prevent cracking of the blocks, they are plastered;
• reduced adhesion of the cellular surface of the blocks to finishing materials. Porous gas silicate does not adhere well plaster mixtures based on sand and cement, as well as lime-based plaster. Carrying out finishing measures allows you to increase adhesion;
• moisture condensation inside the gas silicate mass. As a result of intensive air exchange occurring under conditions of temperature changes, moisture accumulates inside the blocks. It makes it difficult for air vapor to escape from the room and negatively affects the microclimate.

To ensure adhesion of the gas silicate surface, the following work is carried out:

• cover the gas silicate with a special solution. The soil penetrating deep into the cellular gas silicate improves adhesive properties;
• reinforce the gas silicate surface with metal, nylon or fiberglass mesh. It allows you to apply an increased layer of plaster;
• Several layers of plaster are applied successively. Layer-by-layer finishing allows you to create a smooth surface with increased adhesive properties.

The cellular structure determines the need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks

The need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks and other products made of porous concrete is due to their cellular structure. Finishing gas silicate walls is a must.

Purpose of plastering:

• prevention of destruction of gas silicate walls as a result of temperature fluctuations;
• protection of gas silicate blocks from intense moisture absorption and development of microorganisms;
• improving the appearance of various buildings whose walls are built from gas silicate blocks;
• reducing the volume of heat loss through the unprotected surface of gas silicate walls;
• ensuring comfortable indoor conditions by providing increased sound insulation;
• leveling the surface of the walls after laying the blocks, allowing you to create a flat base for finishing;
• protection of block walls from the formation of cracks, allowing to increase the service life of the building.

Aerated concrete is susceptible to the influence of natural factors - the effects of precipitation, ultraviolet rays and weathering. In addition, porous gas silicate is destroyed as a result of mechanical damage. Plastering walls made of gas silicate blocks provides reliable protection throughout the period of operation.

Reliable protection provides plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks

We prepare the necessary tools and building materials

Preliminary preparation building materials and the necessary tools will speed up finishing work and increase their productivity.

To plaster gas silicate walls you should prepare:

• a rule designed to stretch the plaster mixture along the beacons. The length of the rule is selected depending on the distance between the beacons;
• metal guides, called beacons, to ensure flatness. The beacons serve as a guide when working with the rule;
• drill with attachment or mixer. They are used to ensure accelerated and uniform mixing of the plaster mortar;
• trowel and spatulas with extended work surface. The tool is used for throwing and leveling the plaster mixture;
• plumb line, building level, roulette. They are used in the marking process and are used for control during plastering activities.

You will also need a wide brush or roller to apply the primer composition to the surface of the blocks. To carry out the kneading, you need an appropriate container, and to fix the mesh you will need nails or dowels.

Tool for plastering walls

In addition to tools, you must purchase the following materials:

• adhesive mixture for priming. It provides increased adhesion of plaster to gas silicate blocks;
• mesh for surface reinforcement. Mesh reinforcement makes it difficult for cracks to form and strengthens the finishing layer;
• dry mixture for plastering works. Ready composition for plaster it is easy to purchase in specialized stores.

Having prepared everything you need, proceed to work.

Plaster mixture for gas silicate blocks - choosing high-quality plaster

Novice finishers and home craftsmen often ask the question of how to plaster gas silicate blocks, as well as what requirements apply to the plaster mixture.

In construction supermarkets it is easy to purchase plaster compositions from well-known manufacturers:

• Knauf companies;
• brand Ceresit;
• EuroMix company;
• brand PROFIT.

Plaster compositions from well-known manufacturers can be easily purchased in construction supermarkets

Along with imported plaster mixtures and primers, finishing mixtures produced by domestic manufacturers are also offered. The expanded range of plaster compositions makes it difficult to accept the right decision novice masters. You can consult with construction department salespeople on how to plaster gas silicate blocks inside. Professionals will offer the best plastering option and also advise how to plaster gas silicate blocks on the outside of the building.

When purchasing ready-made plaster for external and internal finishing work, you should consider a number of factors:

• area of ​​use of plaster;
• adhesion properties of the mixture;
• resistance to negative temperatures;
• vapor permeability of plaster after hardening;
• moisture-proofing characteristics;
• environmental friendliness of the finishing material;
• shelf life of the composition;
• manufacturer's image;
• duration of setting.

If you have the necessary components, it is easy to prepare your own plaster solution. To do this, take cement and lime in equal proportions, mix with three parts of sand and dilute the resulting mixture with water to the desired consistency. Adding chalk will increase the plasticity of the plaster composition and make it easier to apply.

It’s easy to prepare your own plaster solution if you have the necessary components

Internal plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks - stages of work

According to the technology, internal work on plastering gas silicate walls includes the following steps:

1. Cleaning walls from dirt.
2. Impregnation of gas silicate material with special primer.
3. Installation of the mesh to the gas silicate surface.
4. Layer-by-layer application of plaster mortar.
5. Final finishing activities.

Let us dwell on the features of each stage of work.

We prepare the wall surface for treatment with a special primer

Preparing the surface of gas silicate is a critical step that ensures adhesion and affects the quality of plastering work.

The critical stage is preparing the gas silicate surface

Preparatory activities include:

1. Dust removal of gas silicate.
2. Removing old coating and dirt.
3. Degreasing problem areas.
4. Elimination of oily traces.
5. Increasing the depth of gas silicate masonry joints.

It is not always possible to delete wire brush oil and grease stains that have penetrated into the gas block mass. In this case, they are cut out with a chisel.

Applying primer to aerated concrete of internal walls and partitions

Treatment of gas silicate with a primer solves the following problems:

• increases the adhesion of blocks with the finishing mixture;
• reliably seals internal cavities;
• gives the gas silicate surface additional roughness.

Primer should be applied in an even layer

Priming of blocks is carried out using various methods:

• manually, using a paint brush or wide roller;
• using a spray bottle to cover a larger area.

The primer should be applied in an even layer, paying Special attention hard to reach places in the area of ​​corners and openings. Plastering on gas silicate blocks is carried out after the soil has completely dried.

We attach the reinforcing mesh to the gas silicate blocks

Strengthening the blocks with a plaster mesh provides improved adhesion of the plaster. The mesh is attached in various ways:

• by fastening metal mesh to the gas silicate surface with dowels or nails;
• by pressing a fiberglass or nylon mesh into a pre-thrown layer of finishing composition.

Mesh reinforcement in combination with priming will achieve increased adhesion. After installing the mesh, you should secure the beacons, and also moisten the gas silicate surface with a spray bottle or brush. better penetration finishing composition.

Reinforcement with mesh in combination with priming will allow you to achieve increased adhesion

Plaster for aerated silicate blocks - the process of finishing aerated concrete material

Let's figure out how to properly plaster walls made of gas silicate blocks. Perform plastering in the following order:

1. Using a trowel, spread a layer of plaster mixture onto the gas silicate masonry.
2. Distribute the finishing composition along the guides as a rule.
3. Remove hardened lumps of plaster after it has hardened.

There is no need to try to ensure perfect flatness. You just need to distribute the mixture over the wall area.

Applying the finishing layer after finishing rough work

At the final stage of finishing activities, the following work is performed:

1. Rough plaster is covered with primer.
2. Finishing gas silicate plaster is carried out.
3. Irregularities are removed and finishing putty is applied.

At the final stage, the internal plaster of walls made of gas silicate blocks acquires the necessary flatness during the process of grinding and grouting.

Applying the finishing layer

Plastering external walls with plaster compounds

For façade finishing of buildings, it is used, to which ingredients are added to increase water resistance.

This plastering of gas silicate blocks with cement mortar is carried out according to the following algorithm:

1. The facade of the building is cleaned of dirt.
2. The primer is applied to the surface of the gas silicate.
3. The metal mesh is being installed.
4. Facade plaster for gas silicate blocks is applied.

An improved aesthetic perception of the finish is achieved by coating the surface with paint.

Plastering walls with cement-sand mortar is used for façade finishing of buildings

External and internal plaster of gas silicate walls - useful tips

At independent execution plastering work should be guided by the advice and recommendations of professional finishers.

They focus on the following nuances:

• performing work at temperatures of 5-30 degrees Celsius. At this temperature environment ensures normal drying of the plaster;
• the need for layer-by-layer application of the finishing mixture. Wherein finishing layer plaster is applied only after the base has dried;
• feasibility of surface wetting. At elevated temperatures, spraying liquid prevents the formation of cracks;
• the ratio of the thicknesses of the outer and interior decoration, equal to 2:1. This allows you to shift the dew point and prevent moisture condensation inside the blocks.

Please also note that optimal thickness the internal finishing layer is 8-14 mm. Professionals draw attention to the fact that gas silicate finishing can be done a month after the completion of wall laying.

Conclusion

Do-it-yourself plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks allows you to save significantly. High-quality plaster will reliably protect gas silicate blocks. Getting started finishing works for the first time, carefully study the technology requirements and take the choice of finishing material seriously. Advice from experienced builders will help you avoid mistakes.

Internal and external aerated concrete plaster must have optimal parameters, protecting the walls of the structure from destruction and cracks under the influence of external influences. There are several basic options for finishing mixtures that will improve and maintain the quality of the base. The right technology application will ensure a long service life and decorativeness of the coating.

Aerated concrete has good thermal insulation properties and a high degree of vapor permeability due to the porous structure. Proper finishing of aerated concrete will help preserve the quality of the material, preventing the accumulation of condensation and the occurrence of mold.

In this article we will answer the main question, how to plaster aerated concrete outside and inside the house.

Aerated concrete blocks Source sevparitet.ru

Basic requirements for plaster

It is worth immediately noting that ordinary plaster It is not recommended to apply it to a house made of aerated concrete blocks. First of all, because standard sand solutions differ high density, this leads to poor adhesion when applied to an aerated block and the rapid appearance of cracks.

Adhesion(from Latin adhaesio - adhesion) in physics - adhesion of the surfaces of dissimilar solid and/or liquid bodies.

The plaster should maintain an optimal microclimate inside the building, protecting the walls from moisture. Therefore, you should choose mixtures with a vapor-permeable base. Otherwise, the steam coming out of the house will get stuck inside the walls, since the plaster will simply block its exit to the outside. Thus, moisture will begin to accumulate in the walls, which will ultimately lead to their destruction. Of course, nothing will happen to the house in a few years, but in six to eight years, an almost irreversible process of destruction will begin.

Plaster for aerated concrete should be:

• resistant to external weather influences;
• have good adhesion (adhesion to aerated concrete);
• resistant to sudden temperature changes;
• high degree of compressive strength (protection against cracking);
• vapor permeable;
• moderately dense;
• improving the thermal insulation of walls;
• have a decorative appearance.

When choosing plaster for aerated concrete, you should not ignore any of the points listed above.

Applying plaster to a house made of aerated concrete blocks Source emupauto.ru

The absence of facade finishing of aerated concrete structures will lead to darkening, deformation, and peeling of the surfaces of the blocks.

Types of plasters suitable for aerated concrete blocks

The choice of plaster mixture for aerated concrete primarily depends on whether you are going to cladding the walls from the outside or from the inside. Based on the type of application, plasters are divided into external and internal.

As you understand, external plaster is intended for finishing facades. Since here it performs protective functions, its strength, moisture resistance and thermal insulation indicators should be higher.

Internal mixtures are intended for finishing indoor walls, so the presence of moisture resistance in the characteristics of these plasters can be ignored, with the exception of cases of wall cladding in the bathroom. Due to the lack of resistance to moisture, internal mixtures are much cheaper than external ones.

Applying a finishing layer of plaster to aerated concrete Source o-cemente.info

Popular plasters for aerated concrete

Mixtures for finishing facades made of aerated blocks are divided according to the type of composition into:

• lime-cement;
• acrylic;
• silicate;
• silicone.

Lime-cement mortars quite durable and at the same time vapor-permeable, because their main component is lime, which replaces sand. Eliminate low level water resistance, elasticity and limited selection color palette material can be made using various additives. Modern ready-made mixtures contain special fillers that improve the properties of the coating.

Acrylic It is advisable to finish a building made of aerated concrete only if there is high-quality internal insulation of the walls. This plaster cannot boast of good vapor permeability, but as a decorative finish, it is durable and reliable.

Silicate plaster for aerated concrete is produced on the basis of liquid potassium glass. The coating has good moisture resistance, vapor permeability and durability. The silicate solution is easy to apply. The finishing layer is resistant to dirt and abrasion, providing decorative effect finishing coating for a long period (more than 25 years). The problem with silicates is the limited choice of colors.

Leveling walls with silicate plaster Source lineyka.net

Silicone mixtures contain resins and organosilicon polymers. Qualitative characteristics materials are optimal for creating a durable coating. Silicone-type plaster retains elasticity after application, which ensures the absence of cracks on the surface even when the blocks shrink. It is important to note the special decorativeness of the finishing; thanks to special fillers and color variations, you can give the facade an original look.

Silicone plaster can undoubtedly be called a leader among others; it has all the advantages of silicate compounds, moreover, it is durable and looks great. But the price of silicone mixtures is much higher than others.

Most popular manufacturers

The building materials market is saturated with a huge number of plaster mixtures various brands for finishing aerated concrete surfaces. Popular formulations have optimal characteristics for carrying out work.

Applying plaster to the interior walls of a gas block house Source obustroeno.com

Ceresit CT 24. The mineral composition of the mixture gives the solution plasticity. The material is easy to apply. The coating can withstand up to 100 cycles of low temperature influences. It is recommended to paint after complete drying (after seven days).

CERESIT ST 77. The acrylic type of the mixture is used for facade finishing, ensuring the strength of the coating with a fairly thin layer of application. The material is frost-resistant and resistant to external influences. Used when there is waterproofing and ventilation inside the house.

Founded by Startwell T-21. Cement-lime plaster is frost-resistant and has a sufficient level of adhesion. The resulting coating is resistant to shrinkage and moisture.

Video description

Watch the video comparison of facade plasters for aerated concrete:

Baumit Silicone Top. A high level of adhesion and ductility is achieved thanks to the base of the mixture - silicone resins. The coating remains decorative for a long time due to its dirt-repellent properties. Wide choose palette of paints of the material (up to two hundred shades).

Weber.pas silicone. Mixture based on silicone emulsion. It is possible to select the appropriate grain size. Optimal resistance of the material to moisture, temperature, and dirt.

Baumit Silikat Top. Silicate type of plaster. The coating is durable and has good vapor permeability. The composition has different grain sizes and up to two hundred tinting variations.

Priming the surface before plastering Source en.aviarydecor.com

Internal plaster of aerated concrete walls

Internal work on plastering walls made of aerated blocks is carried out with gypsum solutions with various additives. Composites in the form of perlite, marble chips will increase the decorative effect of the finish. There is the possibility of painting the composition in various colors.

Gypsum mixtures without additives have the required level of vapor permeability, which allows the plaster to be used as a base for wallpapering. Standard sequence of work:

• elimination of irregularities and chips on the surface of the walls;
• removing dust and applying the first layer of solution;
• installation of reinforcing mesh;
• applying the second layer.

After complete drying, you can glue wallpaper, paint the walls, or apply a third, decorative layer of plaster.

Interior work is carried out only subject to the preliminary application of a waterproofing compound and priming.

Interior wall plaster Source poradnuk.com

External plastering of aerated concrete walls

Plaster for aerated concrete facade view can be applied when using various technologies: thick-layer or thin-layer finishing. The sequence of work includes:

• mandatory preparation of wall surfaces, leveling;
• priming (compositions based on acrylate siloxane);
• applying a thin layer of solution - the basis for attaching the mesh;
• reinforcement (protection against cracks);
• leveling the finishing layer;
• second layer of coating (formation of a smooth, even surface);
• finishing layer of plaster, grout.

A year after completion of the facing work, it is recommended to apply a water-repellent solution. Thanks to the treatment of the façade with this composition, the moisture-proof and water repellent properties coverings.

Features of plastering walls made of aerated blocks

Proper execution of the work must take into account the characteristics of the material of construction. Aerated concrete blocks may have differences in structure. Sawn options have an open, pronounced cellular structure and do not require special preparation for finishing.

The formed blocks are covered with a hydrophobic layer with a buried pore structure and require additional processing. Grinding the surfaces with a wire brush will help improve the adhesive properties of the material.

Video description

Watch the video of the process of applying plaster to a house made of aerated concrete:

It is also important to remember the rule of increasing the degree of vapor permeability from the inner layer to outer surface. Facade finishing should be twice as thin as the inner coating.

It is strictly not recommended to carry out plastering work on aerated block surfaces earlier than 6 months after the construction of the walls. The structure must dry completely, getting rid of excess moisture accumulated during laying of the material.

Plastering on reinforcing mesh Source bg.decoratex.biz

Optimal conditions for applying plaster

External plastering of aerated concrete must be carried out under certain conditions. It is important to complete first interior work increased humidity levels. Bearing structures walls made of aerated blocks must be completely dry, not exceeding 27%. Otherwise, high humidity will cause adhesion failure and lead to peeling of the finishing layer of the facade.

The optimal time for finishing the interior of the house is spring, the façade of the building is the end of summer.

External temperature conditions for work must correspond to +5-+30°C, with air humidity not exceeding 80%. If it is necessary to perform finishing at low temperatures, it is recommended to use a special deep-penetration primer composition until the onset of acceptable weather conditions.

Carrying out the work correctly will help avoid peeling, cracks and defects. It is forbidden to apply the coating in hot weather, under direct sunlight and in windy weather.

Plastered facade of aerated concrete house Source econet.by

Conclusion

Choosing a high-quality solution for plastering aerated concrete structures will help improve the performance characteristics of the material and create strong and durable surface protection.

Properly plastered walls are the key to quality home construction. Many people want to know how interior plastering of aerated concrete walls should be carried out. The article will tell you all the nuances and sequence of decorative plaster of walls.

Aerated concrete blocks are most often used in the construction of low-rise buildings.

Their main characteristics are presented in the table:

When making aerated concrete blocks, aluminum powder is added to the solution, which acts as a gas former. This creates an open cellular structure, which increases the vapor permeability of the blocks. Such characteristics must be taken into account when plastering aerated concrete inside or outside the house.

Plastering aerated concrete should begin with inside building, and then its facade. This is due to the fact that the water used in “wet work” will escape through the blocks and existing ventilation.

Water vapor at negative ambient temperatures will begin to condense inside the walls of the house and at the border of the blocks with the exterior finishing (see Exterior finishing of a house made of aerated concrete is a responsible matter). When freezing, moisture will lead to inevitable cracking of the plaster layer, and then its peeling.

Tip: Plastering aerated concrete walls must first be done inside the building.

Types of plaster

Internal decorative plaster for aerated concrete walls it can be:

• Vapor permeable. This includes mixtures made on a gypsum basis. The best option is the Egida TM35 plaster mixture, which contains lime.

The mixture has minimal weight, fairly high adhesive properties, and good strength of the hardened coating layer.

• Vapor barrier. It is characterized by the presence of a large number of polymer impurities. This includes: plastic decorative interior plaster and ordinary cement-sand mixture without additives.

The best option for plastering the inside of a gas block is a regular inexpensive gypsum mixture used in conjunction with a vapor barrier primer.

Tip: To reduce the vapor permeability of a 10 mm thick plaster layer, the walls should be primed at least three times.

Tools for applying plaster

The service life of the coating itself depends on the quality of the preparatory work. For this purpose, first of all, it is purchased the right tool(see Tools for plastering walls: what you need for the job). Its main types are presented in the photo.

To plaster the walls with your own hands you will need:

• A plaster hammer with a pick or a small hatchet. With their help, protruding parts on the wall are chipped and notches are made to increase the adhesion area of ​​the plaster mixture to the surface.
• Maklovitsa. It is a large brush used to coat walls with a deep penetration primer, bonding the surface layer to the wall and increasing its adhesion.
• Plumb. Serves to measure verticality and determine the flatness of a plastered wall. Plumb lines help to construct a “spider”, which allows you to install beacons for applying plaster to a given plane.
• Building level.
• Square. Its difference from a carpentry device is in its size and the presence of a retractable rail.
• Strong nylon threads - for making a “spider”.
• Hammer drill, hacksaw, chisel, wire cutters, metal scissors.

In order for the interior finishing of plastered walls to be of higher quality, you will also need the following basic tools for applying plaster, such as:

• A ladle with a volume of up to 1 liter. With its help, it is quite convenient to throw a solution of any consistency onto the surfaces to be plastered; it is good for measuring the required amount of ingredients used to prepare the plaster mixture in small quantities.
• Plaster spatula. With this tool, the solution is applied to those places where there is little of it.
• Falcon. It is a rectangle made of wood or metal measuring 40 x 40 centimeters with a handle perpendicular to the main plane. A small amount of solution is applied with the tool to correct minor flaws.

• Rule. This is a flat wooden or aluminum strip for leveling the mortar spread over the beacons, for lining the existing internal corners. The length of the rule is from 0.5 to 3 meters. During operation, the tool is installed with both ends on adjacent beacons, and then pulled along them, removing excess solution. At the same time, additional portions are added to places with an insufficient amount of solution, ensuring an even layer on the surface.

• Poluterok. It's polished wooden slats from 40 to 80 centimeters long and up to 15 centimeters wide, with a handle. The tool is used to level the plastered surface after the solution has lost water, but has not yet hardened.

• Steel smoother. It is a polished metal plate with a handle and is used to perform an operation called “ironing”.

In addition to these basic hand tools, machine plastering is used to plaster large areas. In this case, the entire process from preparing the mixture to spraying it is carried out by a machine under high pressure. All other work on leveling the plaster is done manually.

The advantage of this method when applying a plaster composition is that the coating is driven into the wall under pressure, ensuring its strong bond to the wall.

Preparing the walls

To make it work high quality plaster walls inside the house, you need to perform some preparatory operations:

• A visual inspection of the walls is carried out for defects after laying the blocks.
• The remaining gaps are sealed with repair mortar. For this it is better to use special glue.

• The surface is leveled.
• After drying, the walls are brushed with a hard plastic brush to remove dust and dried fragments of the mortar.
• The surface is primed with a deep penetration compound. For this purpose, rollers, brushes, ordinary garden sprayers or compressor units.

• After drying, the next layer of primer is applied.
• The tile adhesive is diluted to the consistency of thick sour cream, as indicated in the instructions for its use.
• A painting plaster mesh is prepared according to the height of the room.
• Apply glue to the wall from bottom to ceiling in a strip slightly larger than the width of the reinforcing mesh, with a layer thickness of approximately 5 millimeters.
• Starting from the top, a strip of fiberglass mesh is glued to the wall and lightly fixed by pressing it into the solution to the very bottom, for reliability.

• Using a notched trowel from the ceiling, the mesh is pressed forcefully into the adhesive layer so that the material is completely drowned in the solution. In this case, excess glue is squeezed out.
• The directions of movement of the spatula may initially be chaotic, gradually changing to horizontal grooves along the entire wall. This will provide excellent wall reinforcement.
• You can leave an even strip of glue along the edge of the wall section to overlap the next fiberglass mesh sheet. The overlap width must be at least 100 millimeters.
• As a result, the entire wall is covered in this way, on which the layer of glue has horizontal grooves. This provides an excellent connection to any plaster with high coating strength.

Application of textured and structural plaster

Textured interior decorative plaster can be:

• Lamb. It contains stone grains various sizes. After application to a mineral base, the surface becomes rough and uniformly grained.

• Fur coat. After application, a roughness in the form of a slight “hairiness” is obtained on the surface; the main component of this mixture is cement.

• Bark beetle. This is a composite decorative plaster for interior surfaces filled with small stones. After application, a grooved texture is formed on the surface, resembling corroded wood in appearance (see Textured plaster bark beetle: characteristic features of the material).

• Decorative plaster is applied in several layers.
• A small portion of the mixture is scooped up with a spatula and distributed evenly over the trowel.
• The tool is applied to the surface at an angle of approximately 30° and the composition is applied to the wall.

Advice. Work cannot be started immediately on a very large area. It is worth experimenting on a small area, otherwise the plaster will dry out and the result will not be satisfactory.

• Textured plaster is a very malleable material that can take any shape if necessary. You can use a traditional paint roller or a regular sponge.
• The surface of the wall is treated with a spatula.

• The required pattern is formed on the wall.

Application of Venetian plaster

Applying such a coating yourself is quite difficult. It’s worth watching the video in this article first.

Applying a layer of plaster is carried out in the following sequence:

• A thin layer of coating is applied to the surface, trying to create a certain pattern.
• The layer should dry for about an hour.
• The dried surface is lightly sanded with a large spatula to get rid of small defects.
• Smoothed to even out the coating.
• The second layer is applied using the same technique as the first.
• The last layer of decorative coating is applied with a spatula, which should be translucent and thin enough to give it greater depth.
• The work is postponed for 30 minutes to allow the material to dry.
• The wall is smoothed with a spatula.

This is how it is applied Venetian plaster in a dry room.

Internal plaster with cement and sand differs from Venetian plaster in a simpler application. It is enough to prepare the necessary tools and follow a few rules regarding the technology of applying the solution to the surface. And after finishing the work, wash all the tools without leaving any traces of the solution on them. Decorative plaster on walls made of aerated concrete blocks creates an original and beautiful coating.

IN Lately Aerated concrete is used in the construction of private houses. The material has earned wide recognition due to its positive qualities. This material is produced in fairly voluminous blocks of light weight, so construction is carried out at a rapid pace.

Peculiarities

Foam material retains heat perfectly, therefore, you can significantly save on insulation.

The abundance of pores allows the blocks to “breathe”. The bad thing is that they absorb moisture. If in the warm season water dries out without consequences, then in cold weather moisture absorbed into the building material will inevitably lead to the formation of cracks.

Plastering aerated concrete will prevent water from penetrating inside the block and will maintain its integrity.

To perform the work efficiently, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the material being processed. Not all aerated concrete blocks are the same - their structure may differ. For example, the outer surface varies.

You can plaster sawn aerated concrete without pre-treatment. The molded block has a smooth hydrophobic layer on the outside. Applying plaster to such a surface is problematic - to increase adhesion, you need to grind the treated side with a wire brush.

We must not forget that the degree of vapor permeability increases in the direction from inner surface to the outside, so the façade finishing should be made twice as thin as the internal coating.

Before plastering aerated concrete walls after construction, at least six months must pass. During this time, the walls will be completely dry and the excess moisture, falling into blocks during the construction of a building.

External wall surfaces can be plastered decorative materials, compositions for subsequent painting can also be used. External finishing sometimes serves as additional insulation. In regions with cold climates, plastering plays a significant role in retaining heat indoors.

For aerated concrete, you should choose plaster with optimal parameters. The finishing material must protect the walls from destruction on both sides.

Due to its porosity, aerated concrete has such characteristics as thermal insulation and vapor permeability.

Proper finishing:

• helps preserve useful qualities blocks;
• does not allow condensation to accumulate inside the pores;
• prevents mold and unwanted damage.

Types and compositions

Aerated concrete walls cannot be finished with ordinary cement mortar. Standard solutions have too much density, so they do not adhere well to the blocks. Due to poor-quality adhesion, after a short time, cracks appear on the walls, which leads to peeling of the plaster layer and exposing the walls.

Special “breathable” mixtures with a so-called vapor-permeable base:

• allow steam to pass through unhindered;
• create a positive indoor microclimate;
• protect walls from the accumulation of moisture inside them.

The following requirements apply to plasters for finishing aerated concrete:

• resistance to precipitation and ultraviolet radiation, to rapid and frequent changes in outdoor temperature;
• sufficient density;
• possessing high adhesion;
• presence of vapor permeability;
• compressive strength;
• good thermal insulation;
• decorative appearance.

Good plaster meets all of the above requirements. It is easy to apply, looks great and lasts a long time on the walls.

If the facade is not treated, the aerated concrete will first darken, then begin to deform, and its outer part will begin to peel off.

Plasters for external use differ from those used for interior finishing of aerated concrete blocks. The first ones are more expensive, the second ones are cheaper. The main difference is the ability of the hardened mixture to resist moisture. If this indicator is significant for external walls, then for interior decoration you can do without it. The exception is plaster for rooms with high humidity., such as bathrooms.

By composition facade plasters are divided into the following types:

• acrylic;
• silicone;
• silicate;
• lime-cement.

None of the types can be considered ideal - each variety has its own strengths and weaknesses. For example, the vapor permeability of acrylic-based plaster is low, but it has excellent decorative properties. The finish is thin-layered, but very durable. The layer retains its impeccable structure for a long time.

It is advisable to use acrylic plaster when applying good insulation to internal walls.

The basis of silicate plaster intended for aerated concrete is liquid potassium glass. The vapor-permeable coating is resistant to moisture and perfectly resists abrasion and contamination. Durability is a quarter of a century. Disadvantages include limited color range.

Silicone mixtures include organosilicon polymers and resins. The coating is very durable. Unlike other types, silicone plaster retains its elasticity after curing. No cracks appear on the finishing layer even after the blocks shrink. Fillers give plaster different colors and shades.

The advantages have a significant impact on the cost - silicone mixtures are the most expensive.

Lime-cement mortars are characterized by vapor permeability and strength. They lack elasticity and water resistance. The problem is solved by introducing special additives into the mixture, and by experimenting with fillers, you can get different colors.

Ready-made mixtures are supplied with everything necessary - they can be used without preliminary preparation and the introduction of improving components.

For interior work, completely different compositions are used. Plaster used for processing aerated concrete indoors contains gypsum..

Before starting work, the blocks should be primed.

The plaster is applied to a leveled surface, free of build-up, dirt and dust.

The work is carried out in several stages:

• padding;
• applying the first layer of plaster;
• installation of reinforcing mesh;
• applying a second layer of plaster.

Wallpaper can be glued to the treated wall after the material has completely dried.. If desired, decorative finishing can be done. The decor appears when fillers in the form of marble chips or perlite are introduced into the gypsum mixture. A wall covered with gypsum mortar can be painted.

Preparation

It is very important that aerated concrete walls are prepared for the application of the finishing layer.

Despite the fact that the outer and inner parts of the wall are used in different conditions, available General requirements according to their pre-processing:

• both inside and outside the walls must be smooth;
• for both sides, the plaster should be selected with maximum adhesion ability;
• applying the solution to the mesh is desirable on both sides;
• The craftsman will need a container for the solution, a trowel, a plaster ladle, and a grater.

In order for the plaster to adhere well to the gas blocks, the latter should be evenly moistened. For this, ordinary tap water and a simple sprayer are suitable.

If there are chips or cracks, you will have to pick up a trowel and use a solution to remove the flaws. Cement mortar will become an excellent restoration material if the recesses are first treated with a primer.

With the help of beacons, the surface of the walls of the room is displayed in one plane, after which you can begin to carry out the main work.

First, finishing is done inside the premises and only then outside - otherwise, excessive moisture will form inside the house.

Application technology

From correct execution technology depends on the appearance of the treated walls and the durability of the decorative layer.

Below is the sequence of processing the external surfaces of aerated concrete walls.

First you need to inspect the blocks: eliminate all irregularities, clean the cracks, widen them and fill them with regular mortar.

The same is done when identifying chips and potholes in each gas block. The listed preparatory work can be done with your own hands - it’s not difficult at all.

Those who dare to carry out basic work with their own hands without the appropriate skills need:

• acquire tools;
• follow the technology for performing plastering work;
• do not be afraid of heights (part of the time will have to be spent on scaffolding at a decent height);
• have free time;
• have physical strength.

In order for the plaster to adhere well and not lag behind, the gas blocks are primed after cleaning with a metal brush.

A special primer is required - it must contain acrylate siloxane. This ingredient protects the wall from moisture and increases adhesion. At the same time, the composition does not prevent the gas block from “breathing”.

The priming operation in accordance with the technology should be carried out in dry weather and an ambient temperature of about +15 degrees. It is advisable to treat the walls on the side where there is no direct sunlight.

TO next stage– tensioning the mesh – begin after the primer is completely absorbed.

A mesh made of alkali-resistant material is suitable for aerated blocks.. Any other material will simply dissolve over time, which will negatively affect the service life of the finishing layer. On the wall, the fiberglass reinforcing mesh is secured with self-tapping screws so that there is a small space between it and the wall.

Plastic plaster, specially designed for aerated concrete, is applied to the prepared wall in dry, warm weather. Mixtures for foam building materials are quite expensive, but they repel moisture and allow air to pass through. The plaster is applied to the blocks with a wide spatula. The result should be an even thin layer, the thickness of which is approximately 8 mm.

The processing doesn't end there. A water repellent is applied to the plaster. Once it's absorbed, it's time to perform. final finishing. You can choose from decorative plaster or paint. In both cases, the compositions are distinguished by their “breathing” abilities, guaranteeing the unhindered passage of vapors from inside the room to the outside.

The treatment of aerated concrete walls inside the house begins in the same way as outside. In the same way, an inspection is carried out and significant deficiencies are canceled. Before puttingtying the surfaces, the leveled wall is primed.

Interior finishing is done with special plaster, which contains gypsum and perlite sand.

After the work is completed, the walls become uniform, smooth, without the slightest visible defects. The consumption of plaster is small, because the layer is applied very thin. This eliminates the need for lengthy leveling, which is also important.

Painting interior walls should be done with paints specially designed for aerated concrete. They can be applied to both regular plaster and decorative plaster. Painted surfaces look great - decorative finishing retains its original appearance for a long time.

Low-rise construction using gas silicate blocks has become widespread in all climatic zones our country. Unique properties materials, which we will discuss in detail below, allow the construction of aerated concrete structures in hot regions and in places where negative temperatures prevail. However, implement directly construction works- only half the battle. Comfort of further living in the house, its durability and preservation performance characteristics depend on proper finishing of the facade and the inner surface of the walls. One of the main stages is plastering aerated concrete walls indoors. Let's take a closer look at the technology of the finishing process and the nuances that affect the quality of the final result.

Features of plaster on aerated concrete

To figure out what, when and how to properly plaster aerated concrete, you need to study the properties of the building material itself. The peculiarities of plastering walls are associated precisely with the unique characteristics of gas silicate blocks.

Initially, aerated concrete was developed as a material that was used to insulate buildings. Therefore, research was carried out in the direction of creating a porous structure, which, as is known, provides maximum thermal insulation.

As a result, two varieties emerged:

• foam concrete, the porosity of which is achieved by forced mechanical foaming;
• aerated concrete, in which gas bubbles are formed by adding aluminum chips that react with the main composition (hence the name of the material).

During the process of creating blocks, gas bubbles tend to the surface, making their way through the thickness of the mixture. Therefore, the cells in the structure of aerated concrete are not isolated, but represent a unique system of interconnected channels. This determines the main feature of the material, thanks to which the finishing technology of gas silicate differs significantly from other building materials. This difference is vapor permeability. Aerated concrete perfectly conducts saturated water vapor through its structure. At the same time, it has increased hygroscopicity, that is, it is able to quickly absorb moisture and retain it inside for a long time.

Based on the foregoing, the fundamental principle for plastering walls made of aerated concrete looks like this: water vapor should be able to be easily removed from the thickness of the walls or should not penetrate inside at all. Failure to comply with this approach is fraught with serious problems during the cold season: negative temperatures the moisture inside the blocks will freeze, and the material will simply “tear”: cracks will appear, shedding will begin, and not only the appearance, but also the thermal insulation characteristics will sharply deteriorate. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary A complex approach to the choice of options for external and internal finishing of the building.

We immediately answer the question: is it necessary to carry out external work? Definitely yes, because:

• influence of factors external environment on the porous structure of the material will lead to accelerated erosion;
• the above-mentioned structure, consisting of almost through microchannels, makes the material quite blown air currents, which creates discomfort when living in a house in cold, windy weather;
• insufficient mechanical strength open material makes it vulnerable to accidental impacts and other force impacts;
• a finished wall definitely has aesthetic advantages over untreated masonry.

Dependence of internal plaster on facade finishing

To clearly demonstrate the reasons for the need to select a material for interior work in accordance with the design option for the external surface of the walls, consider the main characteristics various types aerated concrete. For ease of perception, we will create a summary table of parameters:

From the data presented it is clear that even the most dense and durable brand aerated concrete has a high energy saving rate (the value of the thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.15 is compared with that of natural wood, traditionally considered the standard of warm materials). At the same time, vapor permeability remains at a significant level for all brands of gas silicate.

In the process of human life, interior spaces Moisture is constantly released into the air. In addition to the normal breathing of the inhabitants of the house, there are economic processes, including washing and drying clothes, washing dishes, and high humidity in sanitary facilities is their integral property. As mentioned above, excess moisture must either be easily removed through gas silicate walls, or not reach the surface of the material at all.

If special vapor-permeable plaster is used for exterior work, then a similar composition must be used inside. As a result, the overall vapor conductivity will remain virtually unchanged compared to the original characteristics of aerated concrete, and the aesthetic appeal and wear resistance of the structure will increase significantly.

Ventilated facades

Alternative option exterior finishing, in which vapor-permeable plaster is also used for interior work, is the creation of ventilated facades. This technique requires equipment ventilation gap between the wall surface and the layer of finishing material. The most common examples of such options are siding or trim. brickwork"into the loose" The creation of ventilated facades provides for the possibility of additional external insulation of the walls, but here it is also necessary to use materials with appropriate vapor permeability: mineral wool quite acceptable, while foam and extruded polystyrene boards are categorically unacceptable.

Other finishing options

Other materials for decorating facades (traditional plaster compositions, adhesive bases for decorative stone, porcelain stoneware, etc.) interfere with the vapor permeability of aerated concrete, so interior work must also ensure maximum vapor barrier. In such cases, it is advisable to use special hydrophobic primers and finishing materials based on sand and cement, and the thickness of the plaster should be significantly greater than for compositions used while maintaining the ability of the walls to transmit water vapor.

With this method of finishing, the room must have a well-thought-out ventilation system. Otherwise, constant humidity will lead to multiple manifestations of fungus and mold.

Materials

The given recommendations help solve the problem of choosing budget options for interior decoration. Which is better: plaster or drywall? The vapor conductivity coefficient of the densest aerated concrete is 0.16, and the same indicator for gypsum sheets = 0.07, which is more than two times less. Therefore, it is recommended to use drywall only in the case of installing blind vapor barriers. external facades, to create a ventilated structure, it is necessary to use plaster mixtures for aerated concrete surfaces inside the house.

With regard to the kitchen, bathroom and toilet in houses made of gas silicate, the question no less often arises: is it possible to lay tiles? The answer is similar: since the vapor conductivity of ceramic products is close to zero, such finishing is permissible with hydrophobic design of the walls on the outside.

How to plaster aerated concrete

Having understood the features of the technology, let’s move on to choosing the finishing material itself. With today's diversity building mixtures It’s not difficult to decide what to plaster with.

Most branded manufacturers of building materials produce compounds for working on aerated concrete. The most popular plasters include AeroStone, Bonolit, Ceresit or Knauf. Vapor-permeable plasters are somewhat more expensive than conventional plasters, so when deciding which is better, the financial side plays an important role.

Before purchasing, be sure to read the product description and make sure that the mixture you are purchasing is actually intended for use on aerated concrete.

Preparing the walls

So, is it necessary to plaster? We’ve sorted it out, decided on suitable materials, and let’s get to work. Gas silicate blocks have standard size and are laid in perfectly even rows, so preliminary leveling of the surface requires minimal effort and time. This is usually done using grout mesh or sandpaper.

The next step is priming for plaster. This procedure cannot be skipped, because otherwise finishing material will not adhere well to the walls or will quickly crack during use.

Plastering process

Next we move on to the finishing work itself. The technology of how to plaster aerated concrete walls indoors is not much different from similar works on any wall base and can be easily done with your own hands:

• vertical beacons are installed along the width of the rule;
• Preliminary puttying of the walls without plaster is carried out to secure the fiberglass mesh.

Is a mesh needed?

We will devote a separate section to this aspect. Plaster is a rather fragile coating. Therefore, with the slightest shrinkage of the foundation, cracks may appear on the surface, despite the monolithic reinforcing belts and other strength of the structure. Such phenomena can be avoided by laying a special mesh made of materials resistant to alkaline environments. Strong fibers reinforce the surface and prevent cracking.

Despite the additional acquisition costs, the answer to the question of whether a mesh is needed is clearly affirmative.

If you want the finish to last for a long time, do not start work immediately after construction is completed. The house needs to stand for at least 6 months, and preferably 1 – 1.5 years. This will allow the aerated concrete to achieve optimal moisture levels, and the foundation to undergo final shrinkage.

We continue the plastering process:

• spread a layer of plaster from bottom to top over the area to be treated;
• guided by the beacons, we level the surface;
• dismantle the beacons and seal their attachment points;
• After drying, we finally rub down the walls.

Tools

The list of necessary tools is small:

• sandpaper and grout mesh;
• long profiles for beacons;
• brush or roller for applying primer;
• container for diluting the plaster mixture;
• spatula for application;
• rule for leveling the surface

Putty

If you plan to further paint the aerated concrete, after plastering it is recommended to carry out finishing putty. This will improve the adhesion of the paint to the surface and increase its service life. To carry out the operation, use special compounds for puttying aerated concrete, sold in construction supermarkets.