When you first see the inside of a Japanese home, what is most striking is the complete absence of any furniture.

All you see is the exposed wood of the support posts and rafters, the ceiling of planed boards, the shoji latticework, the rice paper of which softly diffuses the light coming from outside. Under your bare feet, the tatami springs slightly - hard, three finger-thick mats made of quilted straw mats. The floor, made up of these golden rectangles, is completely empty. The walls are also empty.

There are no decorations anywhere, except for a niche where a scroll with a painting or a calligraphed poem hangs, and under it there is a vase of flowers: ikebana.

One thing is certain: traditional japanese house in many ways anticipated new products modern architecture. Frame foundations and sliding walls have only recently gained recognition among builders, while removable partitions and replaceable floors are still a thing of the future.

A Japanese house is designed for summer.

His interior spaces really well ventilated during humid heat. However, the dignity of a traditional Japanese home is reversed when it is equally desperately drafted in winter. And the cold here makes itself felt from November to March.

The Japanese seem to have come to terms with the fact that it is always cold in the house in winter. They are content to warm their hands or feet, without even thinking about heating the room itself. We can say that in the tradition of Japanese housing there is no heating, but heating.

Only when you feel with your skin in a Japanese house what its closeness to nature means on winter days, do you truly understand the meaning Japanese bath- furo: this main view self-heating.

IN Everyday life Every Japanese, regardless of his position and income, has no greater joy than soaking in a deep wooden vat filled with incredibly hot water.

In winter, this is the only opportunity to truly warm up. You need to get into the furo after first washing yourself out of the gang, like in a Russian bathhouse, and rinsing thoroughly. Only after this do the Japanese plunge up to their necks into hot water, pull their knees up to their chin and blissfully remain in this position for as long as possible, steaming their body until it turns crimson red.

In winter, after such a bath, you don’t feel a draft for the whole evening, from which even the picture on the wall sways. In summer it provides relief from the sweltering humid heat.

The Japanese are accustomed to bask in furo, if not every day, then at least every other day.

So much misfortune hot water per person would be an unaffordable luxury for most families. Hence the custom of washing from the gang so that the vat remains clean for the whole family. In villages, neighbors take turns heating furo to save on firewood and water.

For the same reason, it is still widespread in cities public baths. They traditionally serve as the main place of communication. After exchanging news and gaining some warmth, the neighbors disperse to their unheated homes.

IN summer time When it is very hot and humid in Japan, the walls move apart to allow the house to be ventilated. In winter, when it gets colder, the walls are moved to create small interior rooms that can be easily heated with braziers.

The floor of a traditional Japanese house is covered with tatami - square straw mats. The area of ​​one tatami is about 1.5 square meters. m. The area of ​​a room is measured by the number of tatami mats that fit in it. The tatami mats are cleaned and replaced periodically.

In order not to stain the floor, in traditional Japanese houses they do not wear shoes - only white tabi socks. Shoes are left at the entrance to the house on a special step - genkan (it is placed below floor level).

They sleep in traditional Japanese houses on mattresses - futons, which are put away in the closet in the morning - oshi-ire. The bedding set also includes a pillow (previously a small log was often used as such) and a blanket.

They eat in such houses, sitting on futons. Small table with food is placed in front of each of the eaters.

One of the rooms of the house must have an alcove - tokonoma. This recess contains objects of art that are in the house (graphics, calligraphy, ikebana), as well as cult accessories - statues of gods, photographs of deceased parents, and so on.

Why is the Japanese house a phenomenon? Because its very nature goes against our usual concept of home.

Where, for example, does construction begin? an ordinary house? Of course, from the foundation, on which strong walls and a reliable roof are then erected. In a Japanese home, everything is done the other way around. Of course, it does not start from the roof, but it also does not have a foundation as such.

When building a traditional Japanese house, the factors of a possible earthquake, hot and extremely humid summer are taken into account. Therefore, it is basically a structure made of wooden columns and a roof. The wide roof protects from scorching sun, and the simplicity and ease of construction allows, in the event of destruction, to quickly reassemble the damaged house. The walls in a Japanese house are just filling the gaps between the columns.

Typically, only one of the four walls is permanent; the rest consist of movable panels of varying density and texture, which play the role of walls, doors and windows.

Yes, in a classic Japanese house there are no windows that we are used to!

The outer walls of the house are replaced by shoji - these are wooden or bamboo frames made of thin slats assembled like a lattice. The spaces between the slats used to be covered with thick paper (most often rice paper) and partially covered with wood.

Over time, more technologically advanced materials and glass began to be used. Thin walls move on special hinges and can serve as doors and windows. During the hottest part of the day, the shoji can generally be removed, and the house will receive natural ventilation.

The interior walls of a Japanese house are even more conventional. They are replaced by fusums - lungs wooden frames, pasted on both sides with thick paper. They divide the home into separate rooms, and if necessary, they can be moved apart or removed, forming a single large space. In addition, the interior spaces are separated by screens or curtains.

Such “mobility” of a Japanese house gives its inhabitants unlimited possibilities in planning - according to needs and circumstances.

The floor in a Japanese house is traditionally made of wood and rises at least 50 cm above the ground. This provides some ventilation from below. Wood heats up less in hot weather and cools down longer in winter; moreover, it is safer during an earthquake than, for example, masonry.

A European person entering a Japanese home has the feeling that this is just the scenery for a theatrical production. How can you live in a house that has practically paper walls? But what about “my home is my castle”? Which door should be bolted? Which windows should I hang curtains on? And which wall should you put the massive cabinet on?

In a Japanese home, you will have to forget about stereotypes and try to think in other categories. For for the Japanese, what is important is not “stone” protection from the outside world, but the harmony of the inner.

Japan is a country of ancient traditions. Features of mentality and culture influence the methods of constructing a country house.

If in our understanding a house is often a stone fortress, then the Japanese have a completely different approach.

In the vast majority of cases, Vacation home in Japan it is assembled using frame technology.

Hence the apparent fragility and fragility of such a structure.

But, according to the Japanese, only such technology makes it possible to create houses that become an extension of nature itself. “Do no harm” is the slogan that Japanese builders adhere to.

Start developing the site with large-scale earthworks– not an option for the Japanese. The import and export of cubic meters of sand, crushed stone, and earth is not welcome. Japanese architects and builders are more puzzled by how to “fit” a house into the landscape so as to use as little heavy equipment as possible. And they themselves are traditional japanese houses are fundamentally different from everything that comes to mind when you hear the phrase “country cottage”.

We have already told site users about the features. The climatic conditions of this country impose restrictions on the well-proven technology. Destructive earthquakes, tsunami threat, high humidity And strong winds forced the Japanese to develop their own – special – approach to construction.

Why build a capital stone house, which can be completely destroyed by an earthquake of 7-8 magnitude or hurricane winds? After all, he still cannot resist the pressure of the elements. In addition, if such a structure collapses, it will bury all the residents. Private houses in Japan are prefabricated wooden structures. According to the Japanese, the service life of such a house is from 10 to 20 years, after which it will either become obsolete and will have to be repaired. The Japanese, instead of endless alterations and additions, prefer to completely demolish the house and build a more modern home in its place.

Major Japanese phenomenon suburban construction The problem is that houses, like apartments, only become cheaper over time. For example, if a family moves to new apartment in a high-rise building, then after a year the price for it falls. The principle “I’ll build it cheaper today and sell it at a higher price tomorrow” does not work. Apartments and houses are purchased on credit for a period of 30 years or more, at 2-3% per annum. Only development land is valuable.

Therefore, some Japanese prefer not to buy, but to rent housing. This is especially common among unmarried employees and middle managers. You can rent an apartment only by using the services of an agency. Apartments are usually rented for 1 year. After which, if the residents and owners of the apartment are satisfied with everything, the lease is extended, and the rent does not change for many years.

Also of great interest is the traditional Japanese house and the way it is built. The basis of the house is a wooden platform on which timber columns rest. The foundation is often the simplest - columnar, there is no basement, there is only technical underground: 0.5 meters high from the ground, in which all necessary communications are carried out.

The roof of the house has large overhangs. This protects the walls from rain and scorching sun. As roofing Ceramic tiles are used.

There is often no insulation at home. There are also no walls like ours in a traditional Japanese house. The gaps between the columns are closed with wooden frames made of slats, onto which thick, wind- and moisture-resistant rice paper is glued. And although in Lately paper has been replaced by more modern materials– glass and wood Wall panels, many Japanese prefer to use handmade paper.

The panels are worth paying attention to. Essentially, a traditional Japanese house is one large room no rooms. Certain areas are reserved only for the kitchen, toilet and bathroom. Zoning of space is carried out using the same wooden partitions, which are inserted into special grooves. If necessary, the partition is moved or completely removed. Thus, the interior space of the house is constantly changing. Does the head of the family need an office? The partitions move, and it turns out a small cozy room where you can sit with your laptop. Guests have gathered - the partitions are removed, and several rooms are turned into one large room. The owners decided to go to bed, the partitions were put back in place, and a bedroom was created.

Any room, depending on the mood of the home owners and the need, can become a living room, dining room or children's room.

There are also no wardrobes or massive furniture. All things are stored in wall niches, covered with the same partitions. Except internal partitions, easy to clean and external. This is due to the mentality of the Japanese, who love to feel unity with nature. It turns out that the house swings outward, and its interior space becomes a continuation of the landscape on the site. In case of wind or rain, the partitions are quickly installed in place.

This approach allows you to adapt the cottage to the landscape and build memorable houses with your own personality.

The area of ​​a standard Japanese house is from 120 to 150 square meters. meters. It is not customary to build more than two floors. Attic space used as one large storage room. It usually doesn’t occur to anyone to set up living rooms there. The average area of ​​apartments is from 60 to 70 square meters. m for married Japanese and 30-50 sq. m for bachelors (in this case the apartment is used as a place to sleep and relax). Moreover, the area is measured not in square meters, but in the traditional Japanese unit of measurement - tatami . It is equal to 180x90 cm. The number of rooms in an apartment or house is designated as “2LDK”, where:

• L – Living room. This is the main characteristic that affects the value of real estate.
• D– Dining room.
• K – Kitchen.

It is usually not written that a house has a bathroom and toilet, but by default an apartment or house without these premises is not sold.

Everyone knows the Japanese passion for cleanliness. When entering a Japanese house, it is customary to take off your shoes and place them on a special platform located just below floor level.

Of particular interest are the bathroom and toilet, which are always made in the form of separate rooms.

Moreover, the Japanese tend to place the toilet in the most inconspicuous place, away from living rooms. The passion for cleanliness goes so far that when visiting the toilet it is customary to use special plastic slippers, which people change into when visiting this room.

Often installed in the bathroom washing machine, the room is also completely waterproofed. This is done according to next reason. Since childhood, the Japanese have become accustomed to saving all resources.

Water is no exception. Adoption hot bath is a national tradition, but it is not customary to pour this water down the drain. After taking a bath, the Japanese gets out of it, stands on the floor and washes in the shower.

Thus, the water in the bath does not mix with soap suds and is reused, for example, for washing clothes or sent to the flush tank in the toilet.

Another one local peculiarity– this is a rejection of mixers with hot and cold water. In the bath or kitchen there are two taps - one with cold water, the other with warm water heated to comfortable temperature. As needed, either the first or the second is turned on. Thrifty Japanese believe that this reduces energy costs, because... there is no need to heat the water to high temperatures and then dilute it cold.

Only cold water can be supplied to apartments, as well as to houses. Water is heated in a gas or electric boiler.

Despite the absence harsh winters(except Hokkaido Prefecture), in winter period home needs to be heated. In Japan, a heating system with boilers, coolant and stationary radiators is not popular.

Japanese houses are most often heated with individual portable gas or kerosene heaters. And although one of the main disadvantages of such heating is the slight smell of burning fuel and the need to ventilate the room, the Japanese are willing to put up with these disadvantages due to the high cost central connection gas or installation on the gas tank site. Also popular electric heating, for example, air conditioners operating in summer/winter modes and infrared heaters.

Often such heaters are made in the form of pictures and hung around the house on the walls, so that at first glance you cannot determine that this is a heating element. In addition, electric rugs are especially popular, on which you can lie or sit and carry them around the house.

The voltage in the Japanese electrical network is 100 V at a frequency of 50-60 Hz.

A distinctive feature of the Japanese is that they live “on the plane of the floor.” For example, a family dinner most often takes place at one low table, at which all household members are seated, sitting not on chairs, but on tightly packed pillows. Such tables ( "Kotatsu") equipped electric heater. In the cold season, when dining at such a table, it is covered with a quilted blanket, under which everyone puts their feet. It is believed that this unites all family members, in addition, it is much warmer.

To avoid freezing at night, the Japanese wear thermal underwear and cover themselves with electric blankets. Thus, heating concerns fall entirely on the shoulders of Japanese apartment and homeowners.

To summarize, we can say that a traditional Japanese house is a purely utilitarian dwelling, unusual for Western homeowners. The Japanese do not divide the world into internal and external. The house should have an aura similar to the place where it is being built. A traditional Japanese house includes five components:

• compactness;
• minimalism in things and interior;
• convenience of living;
• environmentally friendly use pure materials;
• maximum functionality and integration into the landscape.
, you can clearly see that a round geosphere house is cool and unusual!

“My home is my castle,” the British say, and we have recently been switching to Euro windows and doors, as a result of which dust, noise and noise do not enter our apartments from the street. And also the singing of birds, the squeak of a mosquito and the croaking of frogs. That is, in our apartments we are completely fenced off from the outside world. Modern people strive for high tightness and thermal insulation of their homes. The trend is the same in Japanese cities, but in the old days everything was different. The traditional Japanese house assumed close integration of the home with external environment. For this, the Japanese used sliding windows and doors, lattice walls. With this approach, the external and internal space are completely integrated, that is, the garden is an extension of the home. And vice versa - the house is a continuation of the garden or park. Ideally, a Japanese house should have only a ceiling and pillars holding it up; there are no windows or doors in our understanding; in each room, three out of four walls can be moved apart or removed altogether at any time. If easy to remove from grooves sliding doors serve as external walls, they are covered with white rice paper, this is an analogue of our windows, they are called shoji(shoji). If sliding doors divide interior spaces and serve as doors, then they are covered with thick colored paper and are called fusuma(fusuma). And finally, there are also heavy external doors amado(Amado), this word literally means "rain doors." These doors protect the house from wind, rain, typhoon and more. In cold rainy weather, a row was placed in front of the shoji at night wooden shields Amado, they were tightly adjacent to each other. The outermost amado was locked with a deadbolt lock. When the amado was not needed, they were put away in a special box made at the edge of the wall. Or they lifted it up and hung it on special hooks. Nowadays, more and more amados are made in the form of a sliding door, which opens like a wardrobe, that is, it slides on special grooves.

The sliding walls of a Japanese house are a wooden lattice frame covered with thick oiled paper; they are very convenient and functional, they allow you to save space in the apartment, visually increasing the space. There are no big differences between sliding doors and partitions. The main difference in terms is that if a doorway is closed, then it is a fusuma door, if a whole room or a very large opening is blocked, then it is sliding partition shoji. Peculiarities Japanese interior are directly related to natural climatic conditions; in summer in Japan it is hot and humid, therefore traditional houses They are built with the expectation that a light breeze will blow through them. It is for this reason that some walls in the rooms are sliding doors. They can be easily opened to ventilate the room, or closed to escape a draft. Shoji can be removed completely to turn two small rooms into one large one. In a Japanese house there are no sofas, armchairs, chairs, tables, wardrobes, bookshelves, and beds. The walls are also empty, there are no decorations, except for a niche with a scroll with some image kakemono, and a vase of flowers is placed under it. A Japanese house has exposed wood support posts and rafters, a planked board ceiling, and shoji latticework covered with rice paper. On the tatami floor are hard, three fingers thick mats made of quilted straw mats. In good weather or after the end of the rainy season, when it is necessary to ventilate household belongings, the panels are moved to the side or, if necessary, completely removed. Then the house swings outwards, and its interior becomes part of the surrounding space. If the Japanese want to enjoy the beauty of a garden or watch the falling snow in winter, they expand the shoji. This type of shoji is appropriately called yukimi shoji, that is, shoji for admiring snow. And in bad, cold weather, the shoji are installed in place, creating a cozy microworld inside.

All elements of the house, including pillars, tatami, partitions, and so on, were built from strictly standardized parts. In the event of a fire, earthquake or other natural disaster, a destroyed house could be restored in a couple of days, using preserved or newly purchased standardized spare parts - panels, pillars, floor mats, which fit exactly in the place of their predecessors. The traditional Japanese house in many ways anticipated the innovations of modern architecture, its frame base and sliding walls have only recently received recognition from the world's leading architects, and removable partitions and replaceable floors, I think, will be in demand in the future.

Amado exterior doors are clearly visible on houses

Only in your own home can you feel relatively safe, take a break from the pressure of the outside world and be alone with your family. What is a traditional Japanese house like?

In traditional Japan, the architecture and style of a house depended on the position of its owner - wealthy samurai used the most best materials and attracted the most skilled carpenters to the work. The house of such a samurai was usually surrounded by a wall with a gate, the size and decoration of which corresponded to the position of the owner of the house in the samurai hierarchy. At the base, the house had a rectangle and was one-story (nowadays traditional houses are still made two-story). The entire structure was raised on stilts (60-70 cm), which protected it from dampness and mold, as well as from small earthquake shocks. The main characters in the design are support pillars, which were dug into the ground or placed on stone “pillows”. The roof plays second fiddle in the construction of a Japanese house - it is much larger than the roofs built in the West, and is designed to protect the house from scorching sun rays and heavy rains or snow.

Walls facing the street are fixed and motionless, while walls facing the street patio, were made sliding. External sliding walls – amado- were made from solid wooden plates and were removed for good during the warm season. There were (and still are) other partitions separating the living quarters from the veranda - shoji. Originally the veranda ( engawa) was done so that the guard (and subsequently all the residents of the house), when walking around the territory, would not disturb the peace of the house and would not damage the beauty of the garden, which is an integral part of the Japanese house. When the shoji and amado are removed or moved apart, the interior of the house forms a single whole with the surrounding nature. The frame and grille here are made of wood, and top part With outside covered with rice paper that allows light to pass through. The division into rooms occurs using internal sliding walls - fusuma, whose upper part was covered on both sides with opaque rice paper, whose surface was often decorated with a drawing. For practical reasons, the paper is secured at the bottom of the frames with bamboo strips.

When entering a house, they must take off their shoes, which can be left on a special stone at the entrance. By wooden floor Verandas or rooms are now allowed to wear slippers, but when entering the area lined with tatami, you must also take off your slippers. Tatami are mats made of pressed rice straw, covered with grass mats and secured at the edges with a special thick fabric(most often black). Tatami is always made rectangular shape, which makes them a convenient unit for measuring the area of ​​a room. The size of tatami varies in different areas of Japan, in particular, in Tokyo the standard tatami is 1.76 x 0.88 m.

In a traditional Japanese house, according to the principle, there is very little furniture, and it is important not to confuse the ascetic bushi house itself with a truly traditional Japanese house. IN best houses the living room had a built-in writing board, shelves for displaying books, and tokonoma(niche) - the aesthetic center of the entire house, where a scroll could hang ( Gakemono) with sayings or a drawing, stand a bouquet of flowers or a valuable piece of art. Scrolls can change depending on the time of year or at the request of the owners. During the holidays, appropriate attributes and decorations are placed in the tokonoma, however, recently, most often a TV is placed in a niche...

Hello, dear readers– seekers of knowledge and truth!

Japan is like a completely different world for Europeans. The life and way of life of the Japanese is so unusual for us that we, of course, are interested in getting to know this country better and learning about its traditions and culture. And today we will lift the veil of secrecy and take a look into a Japanese house.

We invite you to learn about how traditional Japanese housing is arranged inside and outside, what unusual pieces of furniture and household items are called, and compare how people lived in ancient times and in modern times.

Homes in the past

Types of dwellings

Traditional Japanese houses are called minka, which means "people's housing." They lived in them ordinary people, who did not belong to the noble strata of the population and to the samurai.

As a rule, the inhabitants of these houses were engaged in crafts, fishing, agriculture, trading business. Minkas, similar to the ancient ones, are now preserved only in rural areas.

Depending on the type of occupation, varieties of mink were distinguished:

• matiya - for city dwellers;
• noka - for villagers, farmers, peasants;
• gyoka – for fishermen;
• gassho-zukuri - for mountain dwellers in distant settlements.

Machiya - home in Japan

The latter are of particular interest and historical value. This was the name of the dwellings in the mountainous areas of the island of Honshu. The owners of gassho-zukuri were engaged in sericulture, so they needed a spacious ground floor for drying products, and an attic for the production process.

Gassho-zukuriin the villageGokayama and Shirakawa are included in the UNESCO Heritage List.

Appearance

For the construction of the mink they used inexpensive materials that were easy to find. The frame was made from solid wood, beams, facade - made of wood, clay, bamboo with the use of grass and straw elements.

Particular attention was paid to the roof. Since there were no chimneys, unique high roof structures with several slopes and canopies were erected, which did not allow moisture in the form of snow and rainwater to linger. The roof of the matiya was tiled, tiled, and the roof was thatched.

Even the most modest families tried to surround themselves with a picturesque garden with green vegetation, decorative elements in the form of small ponds and bridges. Often they stood separately here utility rooms. The house had a veranda - engawa, as well as a main entrance - odo.

Interior decoration

Minka starts from the hallway - genkan. This is where shoes are removed before going inside.

A typical house is divided into two parts: with a floor covered with earth, and with high niches raised by 50 centimeters with supports made of takayuka wood. The Japanese spend almost all their time on the floor: resting, talking, eating, sleeping.

Mushiro and tatami made from high-quality bamboo are laid on the floor. They, despite their simplicity, are very beautiful , comfortable and practical.

Since ancient times, the Japanese measure of area was not only square meters, but also tatami, the dimensions of which are 90 by 180 centimeters.

There are no separated rooms as such, because the space is not used load-bearing walls. Their role is played by movable fusum partitions and sliding doors shoji.

The space enclosed by such screens becomes a room - washitsu. When guests are expected, the partitions are simply removed, creating one large living room.

What catches your eye in Japanese home- amazing order. This is partly the merit of neat, economical Japanese women, partly of minimalism in internal structure. There is little furniture here, half of which, such as cabinets and storage compartments, is built-in. The Japanese decor is also quite modest and is represented by paintings, ikebana, calligraphic elements and a kamidan niche like an altar.

The main piece of furniture is the kotatsu. This is a table with a table top, around which there is a blanket or a special mattress - a futon. Looking at the kotatsu from the inside will help you see a fireplace underneath it, which helps keep you warm.

The kitchen, bathroom and toilet are separated from the common area. The bathroom in the minka was always separate. The Japanese ofuro bath is also famous, where often all family members could wash in the same water, after first rinsing in a special room.

Home now

Changes

Modern realities dictate their conditions, technology does not stand still, new materials are appearing to replace old ones, and this, of course, is reflected in architecture.

Several trends can be traced that have changed the appearance of traditional houses:

• For changing one-story buildings come houses with 2-3 floors.
• The size of the home is influenced by the size of the family - parents try to ensure that each child has a separate corner.
• Due to the hot and humid climate, houses are made more open and breathable.
• In some regions prone to earthquakes and tsunamis, houses are built on stilts.
• Allowed only frame construction made of wood, reinforced concrete.
• The imagination of architects develops along with technology, so more and more futurist-style buildings with non-standard geometry and layout appear.
• Domed houses are gaining popularity - made of high-tech polystyrene foam in the shape of a hemisphere; their properties are in no way inferior to conventional buildings.
• IN modern interior traditional tatami mats are beginning to coexist with classic Western sofas, sofas, and couches.

Dome houses in Japan

Modern noka

In rural areas, changes in external and interior decoration houses are not as obvious as in the city. Here the dwellings remain quite traditional, with thatched roofs and bamboo outer walls still present.

Average area village house– 110-130 sq.m. There is a living room and 4-5 bedrooms here. The kitchen and dining room with a kamado fireplace for cooking are, as usual, located separately on the terrace.

City houses

Today in cities, brick, iron, concrete, bituminous materials. Within the city or in its immediate vicinity there is not as much free land as in the villages, so the courtyards are narrow and elongated.

Such tightness in space also affects the size of buildings - they rarely exceed 80 sq.m. There are bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen, and even a retail space or workshop if the owners need them. An attic is built under the roof to provide storage space.

Apartments

The Japanese, in pursuit of a good life, a prestigious profession, and consistently high earnings, are flocking to large cities, in particular Tokyo. High density population and relatively small area they are forced to build high-rise residential buildings with small-sized apartments.

The average area of ​​such an apartment is 10 sq.m., which in itself forces you to show ingenuity and miracles of logistics.

One room accommodates:

• hallway;
• fenced combined bathroom;
• bedroom;
• kitchen area;
• built-in storage solutions;
• balcony for drying clothes.

Richer people can afford an apartment of 70 sq.m., which is spacious by Japanese standards. or a house in the private sector within the city.

Some interesting facts

• In Japan there is no such thing as central heating. To combat the cold, electric blankets, heaters, baths, and kotatsu are used.
• The Japanese do not sleep on beds, but on kotatsu mattresses, which are so compact that they can easily fit in a closet.
• In the Japanese kitchen there are many different utensils and appliances - from dishwashers and bread makers to rice cookers and electric grills.
• Before entering the toilet, you must wear shoes designed specifically for this room.
• Best description Japanese style in interior design – minimalism, harmony, cleanliness and asymmetry.

Conclusion

We learned that the traditional Japanese homes are called minka. Ordinary people used to live here, and in some areas similar houses have still been preserved.

Family members spend most of their time on the floor, so the main task– with a minimum of furniture and decor, create a comfortable space filled with warmth and harmony. Over several centuries, the living conditions and everyday habits of people in the Land of the Rising Sun have not changed much, which makes their houses unique in their kind.

Let harmony and comfort never leave your home. Join us - subscribe to the blog, and let's search for the truth together!