Every self-respecting person, who in one way or another considers himself a member of the construction fraternity, has his own construction knife with interchangeable blades. It can be useful in any situation, be it opening a bag of putty or cutting a sheet.

How to choose a knife?

In order for a mounting knife with replaceable blades to serve faithfully, you must initially select it according to correct parameters, which, however, everyone sets for himself. Here's what to look for when purchasing:

• The most important thing is that the retractable mechanism in a construction knife must work perfectly. After all, the speed and coherence of the work process often depends on this;
• construction knives with a retractable blade must be without various “bells and whistles” in order to perform the most simple function- cut;
• The weight of the knife is of great importance - the lighter it is, the more convenient it is to carry it with you, putting it in your trouser pocket.

You should pay attention to the knife slider - if it is plastic and has a rather dubious appearance, then most likely it is not a construction knife, but a stationery knife, which is not suitable for applying force. Due to the pressure, the mechanism breaks down very quickly and stops fixing the blade.

A knife with a plastic wheel is better if you don’t clamp it too hard. After all, if you tighten it once, you simply won’t be able to unscrew it the second time, and you can safely throw away the knife.

The most durable of those presented in construction stores knives for construction work are those that are equipped with a metal wheel and the knife itself is also made of metal. But when purchasing, you should be careful not to accidentally purchase a knife made of mild steel, but a stainless steel one will be just right.

The most popular is a knife with replaceable blades measuring 25 mm - it is quite powerful and suitable for most jobs. But the 18 mm blades for a construction knife are thinner and are only suitable for small work - sharpening a pencil or cutting wallpaper.

Each of us is familiar with such a tool as a knife. We use knives in the kitchen, there are stationery knives for papers, and there is a large, diverse group of special knives - construction knives.

Their diversity is characterized by design differences and tasks that are solved with the help of these knives.

Construction knives differ from others in their special purpose - to cut very hard, dense, thick and durable materials, so the blades are made from special high-strength alloy metals or of stainless steel. The cutting part can be very diverse, which even allows you to cut patterns on linoleum when laying it. Structurally, the handle of construction knives is adapted to the hand of the master, mainly made of plastic and covered with anti-slip material such as rubber or rubberized plastic. You can buy them in special construction stores, for example.

Let's look at the variety of construction knives

Structurally, they differ from each other in that they are folding or pocket in appearance, where the name speaks for itself, and knives that have the ability to replace the blade.

The type of knife is determined by the main task that is set when carrying out certain work:

• Corner knives are used when working with wallpaper, leather goods, linoleum, if necessary, figured cutting, fabric, plastic, and gardening work;
• Special knives for cutting special coatings, for example, carpet, drywall;
• Folding or assembly knives for working with electrical wires and cables. These knives have an electrically insulating handle.

To choose the right construction knife from the link, you must be guided by the following basic criteria:

• The size and thickness of the cutting part affect the strength of the tool;
• The ability to sharpen or replace the blade increases the service life of the knife;
• The presence of blade guides allows you to cut thick and layered materials;
• The long life of the knife is ensured by the titanium coating of the blade;
• The presence of markings on the blade allows you to adjust the depth of the cut;
• The segmented blade does not need sharpening; it can simply be broken off and the next section will be just as sharp. When the segments end, the blade is changed to another. This is the most popular type of construction knife;
• Particular attention must be paid to securing the blade. This is the weakest point in the design of many construction knives, on which the safety of working with it depends.

We have examined all the features of construction knives and are confident that everyone will now be able to choose the right one for themselves. necessary tool in accordance with the assigned tasks. Good luck to you.

Surprisingly, the knife is not used exclusively in the kitchen, and not exclusively by a housewife. A builder needs such a device no less than a hunter, and it can be useful in any field of application. Therefore, in this publication we will discuss atypical hand tool builder

Types of knives

IN construction industry knives are used that have special blades sharpened under professional conditions for the purpose so that they do not dull so quickly from interaction with hard building materials. They can be divided into universal and marking devices.

Let's start with the marking devices. The name of the type corresponds to the specifics of the application, that is, such a tool is designed to determine the installation line. The work of this type of device is especially active when laying linoleum. main feature marking tools lies in the cutting element. The cutting part in such devices is sharpened exclusively on one side, which is why the tool can be freely pressed, for example, against a ruler, and markings can be made along the plane.

The universal type is used everywhere, which corresponds to the name. This device can cut absolutely any type building material: polystyrene foam, cardboard, wallpaper, linoleum, etc. Such a tool has the inherent property of mobility, since it contains spare blades that can be brought into action at any time. For example, when the edge becomes dull, the next one is immediately put forward to replace it.

The permanent location of a hand-held cutting device is most often a narrow pocket of work overalls, a belt pouch, or a special sheath that is hung on the lower back or leg. We’ll talk about the sheath below, and we’ll explain the question about the leg on which the available products are stored in working order now. The very name “knife” in Russian comes naturally from the word noga. The reason is that the cutter was stored in the top of the boot so that it would not get lost, would not interfere, and could not cut through something through negligence. And even today, many specialists, for example, submariners and people who cut livestock, put this type of device in a sheath suspended on the boot.

The requirements for a knife include, first of all, reliability, consisting of strength and sharpness. The most reliable cutting tool is a solid continuation of the handle and blade, which prolong each other. Many people use folding devices, which, under increased loads, especially on fracture, lose strength at the most crucial moments.

Construction devices with retractable cutting parts do not differ much from each other in many respects. Almost their only and main difference is the mechanism that fixes the sharpened metal. The locking mechanism in the product in question is a clamping wheel, which is tightened after the cutting element is extended to the required length. The unreliability of such devices lies in the plastic handle, which does not last long. It doesn’t make sense to change it, and it’s often just a shame to throw away products. Exactly typical reason The problem is that such products are not recommended for use for basic work, only for sharpening a marking pencil, opening bags of bulk material, or cutting mosaic sheets.

The cost of the products discussed above varies in different price categories. For example, a product with spare cutting elements and a three-component handle from the manufacturer GROSS can be purchased at a price of 540 rubles. A construction auxiliary device from Stanley Interlock will cost 256 rubles, and from Haupa - from 702 rubles. The cost of a replacement cutting element ranges from 15 to 99 rubles per piece from manufacturers such as Sparta, GROSS.

A knife, the handle of which is an extension of the blade, from the manufacturer Fiskars in the retail network can cost 360 rubles. Moreover, it will be more reliable assistant than devices with moving devices. We’ll talk about reliability, the material used in manufacturing and much more in the next section.

Raw materials used for making knives

In an auxiliary product, the main thing is the sharpness of the cutting element, and this indicator depends on the quality of the raw materials used in large-scale production. The cutting component should be neither soft (bend in all directions) nor brittle (break when cutting).

Many manufacturing companies make blades from heat-resistant valve steel. More often, saw blades are used for production, which are intended for metal cutting. The average size such blanks: 25-30 centimeters and the thickness of the canvas is approximately 2 mm. The finished product has approximate dimensions: the length of the sharpened part is approximately 15 cm; handle length is 10-12 centimeters.

The handles can have a wide variety of configurations, but the material is used with fairly high strength indicators. For example, there are holders made of ebonite, textolite, most often they use wood blanks from birch or rowan. You can make a mold for casting a handle with your own hands, in which you place the blade blank and fill it with a mixture of powder used by electricians when sealing high-voltage cable reconnecting couplings.

As a rule, the holder consists of two plates, which are drilled only after appropriate markings. In this case, both halves must be superimposed on each other, and the connecting holes must run through the holes in the metal blank of the future cutting element. The diameter of the holes in all components must be the same.

The three components are secured using rivets, which are made from aluminum wire. This wire is used by electricians in the process of laying overhead lines. It is also permissible to use copper wire, the main thing is that its diameter is slightly smaller than the drilled holes in the handle plates and the metal of the workpiece so that it fits freely into them. In this case, the wire should not dangle freely.

On one side, the wire is riveted, and a kind of “fungus” is obtained. Then the length of the segment is measured, somewhat larger than the thickness of the cutter handle, cut off and threaded through the holes, placed on the anvil and the second side is riveted. It is advisable to sand the resulting rivets on both sides with sandpaper. Rivets can oxidize during prolonged interaction, for example, with water or another aggressive environment.

If the metal plate has a single hole, then one rivet is made at the end of the handle. The second rivet can be replaced by a copper or brass shell from a pipe of the required diameter. The shell is flattened at the junction of the handle and the metal blank, in accordance with the initial shape of the handle, carefully processed and polished. To prevent displacement of the shell, on the side of the metal plate, as an addition, a strip of the same type of metal is placed across it.

We touched upon the issue of the sheath in which the hand tool is worn and stored. It is safer to use a case, which should be placed in one specific place, so as not to lose or search for a long time for a hand tool at the most necessary moment. Homemade cases made of metal, leather or wood are often used. The only condition for storing the device in a case concerns the contact of the cutting metal part with the internal surfaces. That is, the knife should be clamped exclusively on the side surfaces.

Let us add that it is advisable to sharpen the active metal part on a special device-machine. At self-processing try to start the process with a rough impact, for example, on a sharpener with a coarse grit with an abrasive wheel. Next, move on to wheels with finer grit. Finishing should be done with sandpaper, canvas straps, and then leather. Observe the sharpening angle, which should be about 15 degrees (+ - error of several degrees). Of course, the sharpness of the tool will be tested by practice, but do not forget to cool the blade with water during the sharpening process, especially when using a sharpener.

Classification, types and types of knives

When choosing a knife, you need to understand one thing: no one will give you a magic recipe on how to choose a knife that can solve all your problems. Be prepared for the fact that you will have to enter and exit this river on your own. You will re-read a mountain of literature, spend a lot of time on Internet forums, buy one “rat”, then another one, then definitely “buck 110”, then you will painfully choose between “Emerson” and “zero tolerance”...

And one day everything will fall into place:

in the kitchen there will be a series of knives from Hattori for all tasks,

in a business briefcase there is an elegant folder from Mcusta,

and in the hiking backpack there is a fixed one from Fallkniven.

And those who decide to go to the very end will one day discover that all tasks are easily covered by a simple and reliable higonokami.

The note: The purpose of this article is to try to help the suffering youth and the experienced husband and all those who are lost in the modern variety of types of knives and manufacturers. This material does not claim to be universal, but we will try to clear the wheat from the chaff, the present from the evil one, and help the reader make the right choice - correctly determine the type and choose a knife to solve their problems.

So, where to start choosing a knife and how to correctly understand what the knife you are planning to buy is intended for.

Homework: Ask yourself - why do I need a knife, what problems will I solve with my knife? In most cases, the type of knife is directly related to its functional purpose. If you don’t go into details and don’t argue about terms, then general purpose knives can be divided into several types:

knife - weapon (knife is used for defense and attack);

knife for long-term use (or survival) in wildlife;

working knife (electrician's knife, rescuer's knife);

household knife (full range of tasks in ordinary life);

knife as an element of social status (sea dirk, national knife);

decorative knife (interior item).

Combination of different functional purposes(that is, some kind of universality) is of course possible, but think about it, do you need it? The combat knife of a saboteur swimmer looks very cool in appearance, but is practically useless in the kitchen. A naval officer's dagger will perfectly decorate an empty bookshelf, but it is completely useless as a household knife. That is, the more accurately you determine the purpose of your knife, the more accurately you will select the type of knife you need. And here we gradually approach what usually causes great bewilderment among mothers, wives and colleagues in office life:

It's okay to have a knife!

Having several types of knives to solve different problems is right!

And if you are reading this material, it means you have thought about it one way or another.

Surely you are familiar with the situation when at work you need to cut a cake and open wine - and at the same time none of the men has a knife or a corkscrew? Strange, isn't it? Realize this - not a single male has a knife on him.

Or, for example, at a picnic in a large company, there will always be one or two “cool guys” who have a machete and some other outrageous “cool” with a blade complex shape. But there is no normal knife that can easily cut meat, tomatoes and lemon into thin slices.

Do the people with whom you are going rafting on the Karelian river know how to carry out rescue operations in rough water? If someone gets stuck in a rapid under a flood of water, does anyone have a knife with a serrated blade to cut the wet synthetic rope?

If a cabinet door breaks in your office, what will you do? Will you call the caretaker or take a multitool with a screwdriver from the table and screw the door into place? What will your colleague do? And which one of you is a real man, and which one is an office plankton?

There is one more aspect to consider when choosing the type of knife. This may sound trivial, but often the type of knife can be determined by how the manufacturer positions it. That is:

Tourist knife - for tourism;

Hunting knife - for hunting;

Combat knife - for combat.

There are only small differences. Fallkniven F1 knives are tested in the tundra of the Arctic Circle, and Ontario Rat was born in the Amazon jungle. In the Arkhangelsk region it is cold most of the time, on the Karelian Isthmus it is cold and humid, and in the southern Volga steppes it is hot and very dry. Where do you plan to use your knife? The answer to this question will allow you to choose the right type of steel that will most effectively solve your problems in the climatic conditions where you spend most of your time. One way or another, now it’s time to talk about the types of knives as they are described in the literature or in the manufacturer’s technical documentation.

The main types of modern knives:

Let us now consider each type of knife in more detail.

Combat knives (definition) - combat knives, as the name of this type of knives suggests, are intended for combat use. That is, to defeat enemy personnel in close combat when performing offensive or defensive actions. Combat knives are edged weapons in every sense:

Historical;

Regulatory.

In a historical sense, a combat knife should stab and cut. And before your eyes you immediately see film footage of sworn enemies waging a long and beautiful knife fight. Any specialist in contact martial arts will immediately say that most hand-to-hand fights end in wrestling in a prone position. That is, each opponent has only one chance: to deliver the strongest possible thrust along the shortest trajectory. If one doesn’t make it, then the other will. The weapon that was born in the Russian criminal environment of the 19th century - the so-called "sharpening" - was created according to the same principle. There is no other way to hit a person wearing thick winter clothing made from tanned skins than by inflicting a penetrating wound on him with a thin and narrow blade. And that is why, in a legal and regulatory sense, the Russian legislative tradition initially limits everything that has a piercing-penetrating effect. If you have a dagger-type blade in your hands and the handle is equipped with stops-limiters (in spoken language“guard”), then without a doubt it is a bladed weapon.

Important: The sale of chemical weapons on the territory of the Russian Federation without a license is prohibited.

Combat knives (description) The most striking representatives of combat knives, which are known to anyone familiar with history, are soldiers' trench (trench) knives. Before and during the First World War, they were equipped with artillery crews of armies of different countries. The reason is very simple. The war is fought in a positional manner: the soldiers fixed their bayonets and went on the attack in a line, and if the chain reaches the positions of the artillery battery, then the artillerymen will have nothing special to defend themselves with. And the advancing soldier, who jumped into the trench, also cannot wield it with his hands. narrow space a long rifle with a fixed bayonet. Gradually, infantry trench knives came into service in many armies around the world. The Soviet army did not have standard trench knives, so our soldiers were very familiar with two types of weapons for hand-to-hand combat: a scout knife and a small infantry shovel.

IN different countries Various combat knives were put into service. In America it is the well-known KA-BAR, in Finland it is a traditional puukko with a metal bolster and a stop, and in Nepal, of course, it is a kukri. In each country, combat knives are made taking into account national characteristics, combat experience of units and equipment of a possible enemy.

Here you should also pay attention to one point:

if a tactical knife (which we will talk about below) has its main purpose - protective function(you were grabbed from behind, you removed your tactics from your pocket, made a cut on the attacker’s arm, freed yourself from the grip and ran away);

then a real combat knife has two main functions: attack and defense. This, it seems to us, is the main difference between these two similar types: combat and tactical knives.

Brief historical background: In different countries there are different approaches to the phenomenon called “cold steel”. The Russian Federation has its own traditions of creating and using edged weapons, which, no matter how strange it may sound, are reflected in the current law “On Weapons”. Anyone who is just beginning to be interested in this topic mistakenly believes that all the “cool” and “advanced” examples of edged weapons came to us from the West or the East. This is wrong. Upon closer examination of the issue, it becomes clear that Russian edged weapons absorbed the best that was in neighboring civilizations:

Technological and pragmatic approach to weapons, characteristic of the West;

The craving of eastern warriors for light examples of edged weapons, with which both foot and horse warriors can fight as effectively as possible.

It was thanks to this alloy that, for example, the Russian boot knife and the Cossack saber were born.

Tactical knives (definition) It should be noted right away that there is no clear definition of what exactly is a tactical knife and what is not. Everyone argues: producers, sellers and buyers. Here we will take the liberty of giving the following definition: a tactical knife is a fixed or folding knife, which, according to Russian legislation, does not belong to edged weapons, but at the same time has design features that allow it to be used for tactical purposes.

The main characteristics of tactical knives that are approved for sale in Russia include:

Possibility of attaching the sheath or the knife itself to clothing using “tactical” devices (molle loops, clips and sheaths made of Kydex, etc.);

Handles made of materials (or with relief) that allow you to confidently (injury-safely) hold the knife in your hand with a different grip. (At the same time, the shape of the handle itself, according to current legislation, remains traumatic: there are no stops or finger grooves are less than 4 millimeters);

One-handed, semi-automatic or automatic opening for folding knives;

The characteristics of the blade are within the legal limits, but the blade has a shape designed to deliver short and quick thrusts (tanto, American tanto);

The presence of impact elements on the back of the handle, allowing for strong blows.

The note: Here it is worth mentioning once again that this list is not exhaustive or sufficient. There are the same debates on almost every point: whether the presence or absence of some element makes a knife a “tactical” or not.

As they say, it's up to you to decide. Everything that is not prohibited by the weapons law is permitted.

Tactical knives (description) Since the majority of readers of this material are definitely not soldiers of super-secret tactical special forces, here we need to put one bold dot on the “i”. And talk about one taboo. Which is actually not taboo at all, but many prefer to treat this issue that way. So what are we talking about here?

The average citizen has only one tactical reason - self-defense. And here we immediately find ourselves in a legal conflict, which everyone who carries a legally permitted tactical knife for tactical purposes must be aware of. The fashion for tactical knives, as an option for possible use for self-defense, came to us from America. Here we will omit long explanations of why it is possible there, but here it is better not to. Briefly, the essence of the issue boils down to the following. Our weapons law has a section dedicated to civilian weapons. There are traumatic pistols, gas canisters and stun guns. Now pay attention - there are no knives there! None. Neither tourist nor tactical. That is, carrying civilian weapons for the purpose of self-defense is legal. You can also carry any “not cold” knife. The only question is, is it possible to carry a knife (attention again!) for the purpose of self-defense? Now it’s clear why you need to have several simple and understandable reasons in response to the question - why do you carry a knife with you?

Well, from all of the above it should be clear how not to answer this question. You also need to understand that ensuring personal safety is, first of all, a set of measures and compliance with some simple rules. If you are walking with a girl, and several drunken young men stand in your way, will you cross to the other side of the street? What if the girl laughs and says that you are a coward? If the short road through the park is not lit, but the long one is lit, which one will you take? If a “gop company” in the area presses you and asks you to give up an expensive phone, what will you take out of your pocket, a tactician or a phone?

The note: any object that is perceived as an additional element of self-defense (gas cylinder, injury, tactical) in an unprepared person causes two main conditions:

dulling of natural vigilance (Son, don’t walk along dark streets. No, now I have protection and I’m not afraid of anything!);

“cowboy complex” (Son, for God’s sake lay out this piece of hardware! No, I now have a weapon and if anything happens, they will get it all from me!).

Well, if everything has been studied, worked out and the decision to buy has been made, then of course we buy and wear it. Because if you want it like an adult, then of course it’s better to have Pohl Force Alpha in your pocket.

Hunting knives (definition) The traditional type of hunting for Russia is the hunting of small and large fur-bearing animals: hares, foxes, arctic foxes and wolves. A hunting knife must provide a puncture and initial cutting of the skin, further skinning of the carcass and subsequent cutting of the carcass into pieces. In the process of this work, the hunter has to deal with materials of varying densities: skin, film, pulp, tendons, bones, horns. To perform all these operations, the blade hunting knife must have a very definite shape. As a rule, this is a straight-backed blade that has a curved drop towards the tip, a sharp tip and a straight cutting edge. Traditionally, hunters performed all operations with one knife. A Yakut can easily butcher a deer with his “Yakut”, a Karelian hunter can handle a fox with the help of a Finn, and an Arkhangelsk Pomeranian could skin an arctic fox with a simple knife with a round handle.

Nowadays, many hunters prefer to have several knives for cutting prey, usually these are:

• skinning hook;

  bone saw;

  straight knife.

Hunting knives (description) When a modern person hears the word hunting, he imagines “tough guys” who, in 4x4 vehicles, crawl along a bad road to the nearest hunting ground, where from targeted positions they hit the animal that the rangers are chasing. The huntsmen are skinning the animals, and at this moment the “tough guys” are arguing which “hunting knife” is better to take: from damask steel or Damascus? In the original sense, a hunter is a person who tracks an animal in the wild, ambushes it, and then can follow the wounded animal on its trail for a long time. A hunter will never take with him what he does not need. This specificity places special demands on the knife.

Hunting knives are one of the few types of knives that have survived to this day almost unchanged. This type of knives includes Russian northern knives, Finnish puukko, Sami tundra knives, Yakut-type knives and many other national knives. The main purpose of a hunting knife is to cut up prey. A hunting knife is a non-folding knife that must be made from a single piece of metal. Type of installation: through or through. If the knife handle is damaged during work, it can easily be made in the field. At the same time, most northern peoples have handles made of local wood, which allows them to be held in the cold bare hand. The shape of the handle of a traditional hunting knife should also be held equally well by a bare hand and a hand in a thick mitten. It is better to choose a knife with a blade made of soft types of steel, which is easy to straighten and sharpen in natural conditions using any smooth stone. It is desirable that the sheath have a free suspension of the northern type, when the knife dangles freely on the belt. This type of knife mount allows you to pass through bushes or dense undergrowth without catching the knife on branches and trunks.

Interesting fact: Northern hunters (Pomors, Sami, Karelians) often used a combination of two knives:

a long taiga knife with a straight blade and a non-sharp tip;

classic Finnish type knife.

The long knife was intended for heavy work and partially served as an ax. A short knife performed all minor work and was used when skinning prey. This combination was worn in one common sheath.

Throwing knives (definition) Throwing knives are designed to hone the skills of throwing knives at a target. There are several distinctive features, which distinguish a throwing knife from a regular knife:

a metal knife is made from a solid piece of metal, usually forged. This manufacturing technology allows it to withstand high-power blows so that the knife does not break or bend during the throwing process;

a throwing knife, as a rule, does not have linings on the handle, since it is not intended to be used for cutting. Plus, when hitting a target, there is always a chance that the handle will split;

a throwing knife has a balance that is shifted towards the blade, as this improves the ballistic characteristics of the knife;

The handle of the knife, as a rule, has cuts to reduce weight. The same cuts can be used to fix synthetic cord windings;

a throwing knife has no cutting edge.

Throwing knives (description) When choosing a throwing knife, you should remember that, in principle, any knife can be thrown. But if we are talking about throwing a knife that is not designed for throwing, there is always a chance of damaging or breaking the knife. Therefore, for those who are just beginning to master the science of throwing knives, it is recommended to use special throwing knives that help hone their initial skills. It is also important to remember that there should be several throwing knives, from 3 to 5. In this case, practicing the skill will go much faster. It is advisable to use a case to store, carry or transport throwing knives. Using a case will allow you to conveniently place the knives on your body and concentrate on the training process.

There are two main types of knife throwing:

reverse knife throwing;

non-revolving knife throwing.

Reverse knife throwing is the most common option, which allows you to throw knives over long distances. A special feature of this method is the need to correlate the force, speed and distance of the throw. It is better to start reverse throwing of knives at a short distance of 3-5 meters, gradually increasing the strength and speed of the throw. It is important to remember that during the training process, the habit of throwing a knife at one familiar distance arises, and the transition to another distance requires some getting used to.

Non-revolving knife throwing is a more complex method that requires the development of some physical skills. Throwing a knife occurs due to the so-called “wave” that is formed by the whole body, and the hand with a knife is just a continuation of this process. However, mastering this skill brings excellent practical results. During the wave throw, the knife in flight is always in one position - with the tip forward. An increase in throw range occurs due to an increase in applied force. Even if you have trained for a long time to make wave throws at one distance, increasing or decreasing the distance is easier than with reverse throwing.

The note: There is one more feature of non-revolving knife throwing - after developing a confident skill, you can use any awkward knife with the correct balance for throwing using the wave method.

If speak about practical side throwing knives, then this skill can be used to develop your ability to survive in the wild. At a short distance, with a confident throw it is quite possible to hit a hare or a large bird. This is why many experienced survivalists prefer to have a skeleton-type knife with a cord or paracord winding as an additional knife. Such a knife can be used for regular work, it can be used for throwing, or you can attach it to a shaft and get a finished spear or palm tree.

Camping knives (definition) The type of knife that can be called a tourist knife depends on what is called “tourism”. For some, a car trip into nature with a tent is a complex undertaking that requires detailed preparation. And for some, a two-week solo hike along the Kola Peninsula is an easy and pleasant walk.

Typically, tourist knives include non-folding and folding knives that have:

blade of average length 90-120 millimeters,

butt within 2-3 millimeters,

wide blade and high slopes;

grip handle;

the sheath and handle are made of plastic or polymer materials.

The main purpose of a tourist knife: cutting food, opening canned food, cleaning fish, planing soft wood, cutting bushes, cutting ropes and fabrics. Camping knives usually have a stainless steel blade to protect against corrosion. In the manufacture of tourist knives, standard alloys are used to keep the cost of the knife low.

Tourist knives (description) Hiking knives can safely include any type of knives that help a person to ensure a comfortable and safe stay while carrying out camping activities. Perhaps this is too broad a definition, but first we need to decide what exactly we mean by the word “tourism”?

Western knife manufacturers tend to distinguish several main types of knives for use outside the city:

camping (recreation) knife;

• expedition (bushcraft) knife.

Let us take the liberty of asserting that if a manufacturer classifies its products into one of these categories, then the knife can safely be considered a “tourist” knife.

Let's try to draw parallels for the Russian tradition of defining types of active recreation:

Camping - picnics in nature and short hikes (with one or two overnight stays and the opportunity to quickly return to civilization);

Outdoor - tourist trips in organized groups for up to 10-14 days (the route is determined, drop-off points are determined, the group members have experience, there is general equipment to support their livelihoods);

Expedition (bushcraft) - group trips lasting more than 14 days and solo trips lasting more than 3 days. An important sign is the great distance from civilization and the impossibility of quickly calling for help or leaving the route.

Knives from the camping and outdoor categories can definitely be classified as tourist knives. What problems does a person who plans these two types of activities have to solve? As a rule, this involves cooking, lighting a fire, and setting up a camp. It is worth remembering that tourists often use canned food in all forms, so having a can opener is almost mandatory.

Experience shows that many tourists ultimately come to this combination:

folding knife with can opener;

knife with a fixed blade for simple camp work.

A folding knife is actively used during transport and discarding, and during the hike it is carried along with kitchen utensils and is used only during meals. A knife with a fixed blade for throwing and throwing is in the backpack, and during the hike it is always at hand. Many tourists appreciate the convenience of tactical methods of hanging the sheath, making it easy to place the knife on the straps of a backpack or on a chest strap. As for the characteristics of a tourist knife with a fixed blade, everyone decides for themselves based on their experience and tasks. Some people prefer to take an axe, a hacksaw, and a knife will only be an addition to this set. And some people prefer to use a machete with a saw on the butt for all tasks.

Bushcraft knives (survival knives) (definition) Most often, when they talk about “bushcraft” they mean survival in the wild far from civilization.

For these purposes, the knife must have several characteristics:

The knife blade is made of a single piece of steel, the shank passes through the entire handle;

Blade steel, multi-layer or single-layer, hardness 59-64HRc;

The balance is closer to the tip of the knife:

The knife handle has finger grooves and stops;

One of the edges of the blade has a chamfer for cutting sparks from flint;

Drop point or bowie blade shape;

A survival knife should perform the functions of a regular knife, a small ax and a machete. Quite often, bushcraft knives have a saw blade on the butt. The sheath is also a useful accessory for this type of knife. The sheath should tightly secure the knife, eliminating the possibility of its loss. Manufacturers often equip sheaths with additional pockets in which you can put a flint, sharpener and other useful little things.

The note: The main quality of a survival knife is indestructibility!

Bushcraft knives (survival knives) (description) Bushcraft knives are easy. These are the type of knives that are designed for survival. For example, a man went his own way, didn’t bother anyone, lost all his clothes and equipment, and with only one knife he had to get out to people. The question is who this person is - a tourist or a hunter, what area he was in, and what obstacles he might encounter on his way to civilization.

In order to protect yourself from danger, you need to clearly understand where it comes from and how to avoid it. In order to determine what a survival knife is, you need to clearly outline the conditions under which you plan to use such a knife.

A northern hunter could spend many nights in the tundra and at the same time could easily get by with two knives: a large and a small one. This situation was common for humans, and the influence of man-made factors of civilization on nature was minimal. If anyone could chase him, it would be a wild animal, and the most difficult obstacle on his way was a swamp or a beaver dam.

Now, when it comes to survival, we increasingly imagine the consequences of various man-made disasters or facts of illegal interference in someone’s life.

Previously, the list of actions for survival in the wild boiled down to a simple algorithm:

provide shelter and food;

conduct orientation on the terrain, determine the direction and go out to people.

Nowadays, survival instructors teach how to overcome man-made obstacles:

When driving along a forest belt, you encounter a high fence made of metal mesh. The direction is determined correctly, but there is no way to climb over the fence. How and what to use to make a hole in the mesh to get to the other side?

climbing over the ruins of the building, a man falls into the basement. There is no way to get out through the hole. There is a door, but it is locked from the outside. The old hinges are nailed to the jamb with rusty nails. How and with what to cut the nails to open the door?

a man in an extreme situation accidentally enters an abandoned geologists' base. There are several sealed iron barrels, presumably with provisions and equipment. How and with what can you open such a barrel?

The answers to such questions show that in modern world The requirements for a survival knife are different from those that were placed on similar knives in the last century. And for some reason I immediately remember the standard bayonet for the AK-47, which, together with the scabbard, could cut through steel wire.

Do you still consider “batoning” to be the most important test for a bushcraft knife?

Camp (bivoy) knives (definition) Any equipment that an experienced hunter or tourist takes with him should always meet his goals. As experience grows, people prefer to take them with them on field trips. minimum required equipment. One of the important elements of group equipment at a tourist site or in a hunting camp is a camp knife. In any well-coordinated team, duty is organized at the campsites, when one or two people remain in the camp and are engaged in maintaining order, cooking, maintaining the fire, and so on. And this is where the bivouac knife belongs.

The main characteristic of such a knife is versatility. The bivouac knife must be able to perform a wide range of tasks:

cutting bushes and branches;

splitting wood chips and sharpening tent stakes;

cutting of large and small prey;

cooking and opening cans;

cutting materials of various densities.

Camp (camp) knives (description) When choosing a bivouac knife that will be used by people with different levels of physical fitness and different skills, you need to proceed from two simple rules:

safety in use;

"fool proof"

A camp (bivvy) knife is usually an element of group equipment and all group members have access to it. It is important that its use is as safe as possible. It is normal practice for tourist groups to leave a guy and a girl on duty. The guy takes care of the fire and setting up the camp, the girl acts as a caretaker and prepares food for the whole group. If a guy needs to trim pegs, sharpen them and set up a group tent, then a camp knife comes to his aid. If you need to clear a path among tall bushes and grass, a camp knife comes to the rescue again. If the girl who stayed behind the main cook needs to cut a large number of products - she uses a camp knife. If you need to prepare fish and meat for smoking, again a camp knife comes to the rescue. Based on such tasks, a camp knife should not be large and heavy. It should also have a handle that the girl can hold.

The second rule is “fool proof”. It is based on the fact that with a common camp knife they will try to chop and cut materials for which they usually don’t have their own knife. We need to shorten the plexiglass rod - where is our camp knife? If you don't have a can opener, use a camp knife. They may forget the camp knife in wet grass or snow, they will hit the butt of the camp knife with a stick or stone, they will throw it at trees, and they will also test its strength in all sorts of other ways. He must endure everything.

Based on this, choose a camp knife made of stainless steel, with a wide spine and a handle made of synthetic material.

The note: A camp knife is, first and foremost, a knife. No matter how much kukris and machetes are asked to be included in this category, they have completely different tasks. The goals of each group of hunters or tourists may vary greatly, but there is no doubt that every organized group that spends its holidays away from civilization must have a set of group equipment.

Such equipment usually includes:

• camp knife.

Machete (definition) The birthplace of the machete is Latin America, where this tool is used as a means of harvesting various crops, including sugar cane. Machetes are also actively used local population and hunters to organize walking trails through the tropical jungle.

The main purpose of a machete is to cut tropical bushes and softwood. That is, the classic machete is an agricultural tool that has nothing to do with bladed weapons. About the same as in Russia an ax or a scythe. It is, of course, possible to cause damage to a person, but if there is more than one opponent, then a heavy chopping object turns into a burden rather than a means of defense or attack.

Based on the main tasks, the shape of the machete blade becomes clear. As a rule, this is a straight butt or rising to the tip. A long and wide blade, the widest point, which is often located closer to the tip. In most cases, the blade does not have slopes or has smooth slopes from the butt, which abruptly turn into the cutting edge. This shape of the machete blade is determined by the requirements for worker safety. The bebut or checker will easily cut down sugar cane or similar vegetation. But when using this type of weapon, there is always a risk that an unprepared person will injure himself. The machete is not faced with the task of cutting down the thick trunk of a tropical plant with one swing. A machete is needed to cut down such a trunk in two or three swings with a short range of motion.

Machete (description) When talking about machetes, there is one important thing to note. In fact, this is the only long-bladed “tool” that the average person can buy. Here, as they say, everyone draws their own conclusions.

When choosing a machete, you need to understand that the range of tasks that this tool can perform in the central zone of the Russian Federation is very limited. A machete is not a replacement for an ax or bivouac knife. A machete will not cut down a tree or clean a fish. However, if you plan to go fishing, where you will have to wade through long thickets of reeds or cattails to get to the shore, a machete will do the job perfectly. If your path lies through a wetland, where the main plants are young growths of willow and aspen, then the machete will come to your aid. If you need to quickly prepare a large number of poles, a machete will do an excellent job of cutting off branches and help remove bark from trunks, acting as a boning knife.

When choosing a machete for yourself, you should pay attention to two important factors:

budget machete options presented on our market (for example, a machete from the company Tramontina) are made of mild steel and have a classic sharpening for this type of knives: high slopes, thick approach to the cutting edge;

However, there are more thoughtful options, for example, machetes from the company Cold Steel, which have a chopping weight distribution. But at the same time they have slopes from the butt and a thin approach to the cutting edge.

In the Russian tradition, most such tasks use either a heavy knife or an ax. But there are crafts where historically tools are used that are functionally close to the machete.

For example, in Russia, long knives similar to machetes are actively used for cutting willow bushes when harvesting vines. The willow bush has a circular structure, with many branches growing from the center that stick out in different directions. The bush or part of it is clasped with your hands, rolled in one direction, and bent. Next, the picker is faced with the task of quickly cutting down all the branches. The ax is not suitable for this task, as it is heavy and has a short cutting edge. Long knives are also not suitable for this task, since they are not suitable for chopping and their center of gravity is shifted towards the handle. Typically, the harvesting of vines occurs with the help of a wide and long “knife”, which, as a rule, is made in a handicraft way from a quick cutter. The bevels on such a knife are not displayed, and sharpening is carried out by analogy with an ax. Since appearing on Russian market machete knives, professional vine harvesters prefer to use industrially produced machetes.

Kukri (definition) The traditional Nepalese knife “kukri” stands apart among national knives. This is perhaps the only type of knife that has come down from ancient times to the present day practically unchanged. The Nepal National Museum houses kukris dating back to the 14th century. Kukri is a knife with a "reverse bend". This form of bladed weapon is traditional for the eastern weapon tradition and is most likely explained by the fact that initially agricultural tools were used for defense and attack.

The knife makes an indelible impression on any person who picks up a kukri for the first time. Indeed, the original Nepalese knife has a forged blade of an unusual shape for a European, a handle made of natural wood, a large fuller in the upper part and a figured notch on the blade at the point where it joins the handle. You hold such a knife in your hands and feel like a primitive hunter.

Kukri (description) The kukri blade has a “reverse bend” and is sharpened on the concave side. The spine of the blade is quite thick at the handle and gradually tapers towards the tip. The sharp side of the blade closer to the handle has a shaped “cho” notch, which has a practical and religious purpose. The practical thing is that “cho” protects the blade from fractures and chips at the junction with the handle. The distribution of force during chopping blows is such that knives that do not have such a notch often break in this place. In a religious context, this notch symbolizes the trident of Shiva - the main weapon of this god.

Blades with a reverse curve have been known for a long time. Some historians give interesting hypotheses that until a certain time, this particular form of cutting weapons was characteristic of the Indo-European peoples. Traditionally, the kukri handle is made of rosewood and has some important features. In the middle of the handle there is a ring-shaped thickening designed to prevent the knife from slipping out of wet hand. The back of the handle has a metal insert, thanks to which the knife can be used as a hammer or deliver strong breaking blows. The kukri sheath is made of wood, covered with buffalo leather on top and has a forged metal element at the bottom that strengthens the entire structure. The kukri is worn either on a rigid suspension, or simply behind the belt. Many Nepalese wear a kukri on the back of their belt, but such a suspension is very inconvenient for a European, as it does not allow you to quickly remove the knife from its sheath. Convenient option The location of the kukri is on the left side of the belt, similar to a Caucasian dagger, when the back of the handle is in the middle of the stomach.

When choosing a kukri, pay attention, first of all, not to the external surroundings, but to the weight distribution and how the knife fits in your hand. The main purpose of this Nepalese knife is chopping. Tough and merciless. The center of gravity should be in the widest part of the blade, this is when the kukri strike will reach its target and cause serious damage. When testing a kukri knife, you should be as careful as possible, since the blade has strong inertia and a bend that is unusual for an untrained person.

Interesting fact: Along with the kukri, as a rule, there are two more auxiliary knives. One is called "karda" and is used for household work. Another knife is called "khakma" and is a non-sharpened piece of metal with a handle, which is usually used as a flint when starting a fire.

If you have never held a kukri in your hands, be sure to do so. Isn't he fascinating?

Folding knives (definition) Folding knives include any type of knife in which the blade retracts into the handle. The opening of such a knife occurs by removing the blade from the handle and fixing it in the open position. The main advantage of a folding knife is its compactness. A folding knife is most convenient for daily carrying in urban environments. Even a small, non-folding knife requires the use of a sheath. The sheath should be placed on a belt or pendant. A non-folding knife is difficult to place in a small bag or purse.

For urban concealed or open carry, a folding knife is undoubtedly more convenient and practical. Even on a hot day in summer, a properly selected folding knife will not weigh down the pocket of light shorts. For urban EDC use, folding knives have another advantage over non-folding knives - versatility. If in order to feel confident you need a minimum set of tools for all occasions, then feel free to choose a folding multi-item knife.

Folding knives (description) Folding knives have been known to man for a long time. As excavations of cities of the Roman Empire show, folding knives already existed at that time. The history of the appearance of a folding knife is part of the general evolution of knives, which went in two directions:

ease of use;

bypassing various restrictions on the use of bladed weapons in everyday life.

Most people use knives to solve simple household tasks that a folding knife can easily handle. A compact folding knife is much more convenient for constant carrying than a non-folding knife with a sheath. Regular use of a folding knife made a person wonder if it was possible to use it to solve more complex tasks and also for protection own life. If the first folding knives did not have locking in the unfolded position, then from the middle of the 19th century the next stage in the evolution of the folding knife began - the appearance of various types of locks that secure the folding knife in the open position. You can read more about the types and types of folding knife locks.

The advent of locking on folding knives allowed this type of knife to be used for more complex work, for which only non-folding knives were previously used. Currently, folding knives are actively used:

rescuers and firefighters;

special forces soldiers;

the rank and file and officers of many European armies;

workers of various construction and industrial specialties.

It could be said that we are currently experiencing the “golden age” of the folding knife. The assortment of folding knives can amaze even the most brutal male who is not inclined to shopping. In the creation of folding knives, the most modern technologies, as well as materials used in aircraft construction and the space industry. Russian manufacturers initially focused on creating non-folding knives (Kizlyar, Vorsma) now have in their product line several models of folding models. Folding knives are gradually displacing their awkward counterparts from store shelves and from the pages of online catalogs. For a city dweller, a folding knife becomes an element of style and social status. This trend cannot but rejoice, as it allows a man to have with him a useful and important item that increases brutality and muscularity.

The folding knife is lightweight, compact and convenient. There are a few practical options carrying a folding knife in urban environments:

a folding knife will fit into a bag of any size;

Most folding knives fit into a lighter pocket on your jeans;

If the knife is equipped with a clip, it can be easily fixed in any pocket or on a belt.

EDC - knives (definition) EDC craze ( Every day carry) - objects came to us from the West. Literally translated, this term means “to wear every day.” Some people can't live without an mp3 player, some without a Phillips screwdriver, and some without their favorite folding knife.

EDC knives generally must meet a few simple requirements:

compact dimensions;

light weight;

non-aggressive appearance;

the presence of a clip or case for attaching to a belt;

Possibility of opening or closing with one hand.

EDC knives include folding knives (or knives with a small fixed blade), which are convenient to carry with you at all times and can easily cope with all household tasks.

The reasons why people carry EDC knives are always very different:

even in ordinary life there is always something to cut or plan;

someone even in a cafe or in a public canteen prefers to use their personal knife;

someone is simply not used to doing without a knife.

EDC - knives (description) Quite often you may be faced with a situation where you need to cut a thread on clothing or cut food, and no one present has a knife with them. This is due to the fact that stores sell packaged portioned products; most cans or bottles can be opened without the help of a can or regular opener. If someone, driven by his desire, begins to regularly carry an EDC knife with him, then quite often one can encounter misunderstandings from friends or colleagues, but at the same time he also often finds a use for the knife, gradually everyone gets used to what “Petya” or “Vasya” has “There is always a knife and, if necessary, you can always borrow it for a while. And you first have to regularly answer the questions “why do you need such a knife?”, and then take out your favorite “Bockers” or “Benchmades” from your pocket so that someone can cut sandwiches or a cake. For those who regularly carry an EDC knife with them, there is no question why they need it. Even in everyday life, there are many tasks that are much easier to solve with a knife, but quite often we are not aware of this.

Remember how many times in Lately Have you encountered what you need:

open an envelope or package;

cut a knot that cannot be untied;

pry open a transom or cabinet door that is very tightly closed and does not want to open;

make another hole in the belt;

cut the tag off the clothing.

If this situation occurs at home, then most likely you go to the kitchen, take a knife and or scissors and commit required action. If such a situation finds you outside the walls of your home, then a sleek and beloved, time-tested EDC knife comes to the rescue, which for the time being lies in your trouser pocket or bag.

The tasks for which people carry EDC knives are always different. For some, it is important to have not only an instrument, but also a certain element of status and style. And someone can easily get by with the simplest folding knife, in which the main tools are a can opener and a corkscrew. Some people use an EDC knife exclusively for everyday tasks, while others prefer to use a tactical knife as an EDC.

Any knife that is convenient for constant wear along with city clothes can be safely classified as an EDC knife. It is important to remember here that the less aggressive and socially dangerous the knife looks, the fewer questions he will call law enforcement officers when passing through metal detectors when attending various events.

And of course, it is important to know the signs that indicate your knife is not a bladed weapon, and to have several ready-made answers to the question “why are you carrying a knife with you”?

Multitools (definition) A multitool (or multitool) is a compact folding set of tools, which are most often made in the form of folding pliers or a folding knife. If the multitool is made in the form of folding pliers, then additional tools are placed in the handles. If the multitool is made in the form of a folding knife, then the tools each fold into their own plane, like regular blades.

The main convenience of using a multitool lies in its versatility. If you don’t have a multitool in your office, then to disassemble a regular system unit you will need:

straight and Phillips screwdriver;

pliers;

• set of replaceable bits.

If you regularly have to solve similar problems outside of your office, then you have to carry all these tools with you. Or you need to get a multitool that has all these functions. Carrying one compact multi-tool with you is much more convenient than carrying all these tools separately or combined.

Multitools (description) Multi-tools are a mixed class, which includes folding pliers with additional tools and folding multi-item knives. Each person individually selects for himself the set of tools that he needs to work at home, in the office or at his dacha.

Modern multitools can be divided into several main types:

multitools-keychains;

small pocket multitools;

full-size power multitools.

When choosing a multitool, it is important to imagine a list of tasks for which it will be used. For example, in most cases you can start from the following list:

unscrew or tighten a screw with a straight or end slot;

unscrew or tighten the hexagonal (or Torx) bolt;

cutting synthetic materials (ropes, thin plastic tubes or plates);

the need to bite or saw through wires or thin metal fittings;

the need to perform woodwork (planing, sawing, making grooves and holes);

work with metal fasteners (hinges, corners, profiles for drywall, etc);

For example, to work on garden plot You need a multitool that has wire cutters, a wood saw, a flat blade, a straight screwdriver and a Phillips screwdriver. For finishing works around the house, it’s good to have wire cutters, a hacksaw and a tool for stripping insulation in your multitool. For mechanical repairs of various equipment, you first need a bit holder, straight and Phillips screwdrivers, and pliers. In the car glove compartment there is always a place for a multitool with powerful pliers and an adapter for socket heads. If you plan to buy a multitool for daily use in an urban environment, then it is advisable that it contains scissors, can openers and a corkscrew.

Just recently appeared new class multitools in the “pry bar” format. This is a flat strip of metal that has projections or shaped cutouts and can be used as:

micro-crowbar;

straight or Phillips screwdriver;

wrench;

holder for socket bits.

Most likely, the old ones served as an analogue of such multitools bicycle keys, which were carried out on a similar principle. If you have grandpa's bike in the garage, look in the bag hanging under the seat to see if it's still there. A flat piece of metal with holes cut into it various shapes and which works like:

spoke, pedal and wrench;

carriage remover;

straight and Phillips screwdriver.

If every wobbly piece of furniture in your office makes you feel a natural manly urge to get it in order, you might want to consider investing in a practical multi-tool.

Working or special knives (definition) Working or special knives usually include knives that are designed to solve various specialized tasks. These knives can have one or more blades and can be equipped with additional tools. Often, the blade of a special knife can perform several other functions in addition to cutting. For example, the blade may have a chisel-type sharpening for cutting through medium-density materials. Or, for example, the blade may have a combined blade with straight and serrated sharpening.

Among the special (working) knives, the following are known in Russia:

knives for woodworking;

breadboard knives;

electrician's knife;

"shoe" knives;

knives for construction work;

knives for divers (knives for combat swimmers, knives for civilian divers);

rescue knives.

This one is far from full list does not cover all possible types of specialty knives that are used by professionals in various industries. When choosing a knife for any type of activity, it is always useful to familiarize yourself with existing experience and choose a knife that will best suit your needs.

Working or special knives (description) Among special knives, there are several types that are worth dwelling on in more detail.

Woodworking knives are perhaps one of the most ancient types of working knives. Using these knives you can cut dishes, household items and children's toys from wood. Knives of this type are made, often from soft carbon steel, which is easy to straighten and the cutting edge can easily be given the desired shape.

Layout knives are a special type of knives that are used for fine work on paper, plastic or wood. These knives are often shaped to resemble medical scalpels. They are made of the most durable stainless steel, as they often have edges that meet at an acute angle, which must withstand heavy loads when making a cut.

Electrician's knives - separate type knives that are designed for stripping insulation from wires of various thicknesses. There are two main types of such knives:

a knife with special grooves on the blade, which are used for cutting and removing insulation;

a knife with a short blade whose cutting edge ends in a ball-shaped protrusion called a “heel.” The main name of this knife is long longitudinal cuts of insulation.

The category of “shoe knives” includes knives that are designed for working on leather, linoleum and other medium-density materials. The knife is often chisel-shaped with a beveled end edge. As a rule, only the end edge is sharpened. Depending on the type of work, it can have both chisel and symmetrical sharpening.

Knives for construction work are designed for working on medium and high density. The cutting is carried out with a sharp tip, the blade often has a “wharncliffe” profile. As a rule, the blade has special cross-cuts that allow it to be easily broken off to form a new sharp tip.

Diver knives are a special type of knives that are used by civilian and military scuba divers. The main purpose of a civilian knife for divers is to serve as a micro-crowbar, which is convenient for lifting and picking out objects. As a rule, such a knife does not have a tip, has a dagger-shaped blade, and also a saw on one of the edges.

Rescue knives are a type of knife that is relatively new. They do not have a clear classification. As a rule, the main purpose of such a knife is to cut seat belts and other synthetic materials. The main distinguishing feature of such a knife is the presence of a serrated sharpening or a sling hook.

Kitchen knives (definition) Kitchen knives are a separate category of knives that are used for cooking. The most common type of kitchen knife is the German style chef's knife. This is a knife with a wide blade, which has the shape of a drop-point blade and an average length of 15 to 30 centimeters.

This knife perfectly cuts products of any density and easily copes with large volumes. By swinging such a knife on the cutting edge, you can finely chop greens, and by pressing with the other hand on the butt, you can cut frozen foods. Kitchen knives can be divided into two large groups:

basic kitchen knives;

auxiliary kitchen knives.

Basic kitchen knives are, as a rule, universal knives of various lengths with a drop point blade. Auxiliary kitchen knives are knives designed for auxiliary operations: peeling vegetables, slicing cheese, slicing soft yeast bread, and so on. Often auxiliary knives are not suitable for other cooking operations.

Kitchen knives (description) There are several types of specialized knives that make working in the kitchen easier:

Universal chef knives. A separate group of knives used for most kitchen operations. There are several main types of chef's knives: Japanese santoku, French chef's knife, German-style chef's knife, Chinese kitchen hatchet. The shape of each of these knives is maximally suitable for creating dishes of national cuisine.

Knives for baking and bread. As a rule, these are long knives without a sharp tip and have a wavy cutting edge. The main purpose of such a knife is cutting hot pastries or bread. The knife saws rather than cuts, resulting in smooth edges.

Knives for cleaning and thinning fish. Thin and long knives that gradually taper towards the tip. The tip itself is thin and sharp. Some knives may have a fine wavy edge. The purpose of such knives is to clean fish from scales and films, followed by separating the fillets.

Cheese and butter knives. A class of knives that do not have a sharp cutting edge, but have a thin and narrow blade. The main task of such a knife is not to cut, but to press.

Knives for peeling vegetables. As a rule, short knives with a reverse bend, sharpened on the concave side. The knife has a sharp tip. The main purpose is to cut vegetable skins and figure cutting vegetables

Cleavers and hatchets for meat or frozen foods. The main purpose of this class of knives is chopping bones or chopping frozen foods.

Japanese traditional kitchen. Japanese food traditionally contains a large number of fish dishes. The Japanese love and know how to cook. When creating knives, Japanese craftsmen use the most ancient steel processing technologies, which gives excellent results. Japanese quality kitchen knives distinguishes them favorably from European competitors.

The use of special knives greatly simplifies the life of an amateur cook, as it allows them to prepare their favorite dishes with less effort. In addition, in a home kitchen you have to complete the entire cooking cycle from start to finish: peel potatoes and apples, cut potatoes and apples, cut up the duck, stuff the duck with apples and cut the finished dish into portions. And of course, each guest should have his own table knife. A skilled person can easily cope with these tasks with just one utility knife, but a true knife lover will truly enjoy using different types of knives. A set of knives in a home kitchen can say a lot about the owner of the house.

Souvenir knives (definition) Souvenir knives usually include several types of knives:

real examples of edged weapons, made of expensive steels and richly decorated with precious metals and precious stones. Functionally, it can be used for its intended purpose;

replicas of edged weapons, which in their essence are not related to edged weapons, are made in the form of award samples and decorated with expensive materials. Not suitable for its intended use;

hunting and tourist knives, not classified as edged weapons, made of expensive steel and richly decorated with precious metals and precious stones. Functionally, it can be used for its intended purpose;

This classification does not pretend to be complete and is compiled according to the criterion of classifying knives into the category of souvenir items that are often bought as a gift.

Souvenir knives (description) Each country has its own traditions of creating souvenir knives and samples of edged weapons. Thus, the birthplace of souvenir weapons and knives in Russia is the city of Zlatoust, which is located in the Chelyabinsk region. The business of creating premium weapons has existed there for more than a hundred years. It is there that real samples of bladed weapons, made of expensive steel and richly decorated with precious metals and precious stones, are mass-produced. Currently, this is one of the rarest categories of souvenir weapons. To purchase and store this type of souvenir knives, you must have a hunting or Cossack license. Samples of knives that belong to this category quite often cost over 100 thousand rubles. It is an honor and status to have such a knife. Buying such a knife can be a good investment Money, or the beginning of creating a great family tradition.

The most popular category of souvenir knives are hunting and tourist knives, not classified as edged weapons, made of expensive steel and richly decorated with precious metals and precious stones. Due to the fact that the circulation of these knives is not limited in any way, almost everyone has products of this type in their product line Russian manufacturer. You can easily buy such a knife for your collection, or give it to a good friend.

It's always nice to pick up a hefty knife with a Damascus blade with cupronickel casting on the frame and back. And if the back of such a knife is made in the shape of the head of a roaring bear, then the self-esteem of the owner of such a knife rises sharply. Bears, as you know, are our everything. Such knives are bought, as a rule, to show off to friends on a hunt or on a field trip, but then for the most part they receive a well-deserved holder with a glass door and become a decoration for the home or office.

replicas produced by famous craftsmen and brands;

souvenir knives on pedestals with blades of complex shape, produced in the Middle Kingdom.

For example, if you really want to buy a Caucasian dagger, but don’t want to bother getting permission, you can buy a replica produced, for example, by the Kizlyar plant. But here it is important to consider one point. Weapons warm the soul of a real man. And even if the dagger hangs on the carpet solely for beauty and entourage, then the edge of consciousness knows that if something happens, the dagger will be removed from the carpet and used to protect the house. When a high-quality and beautiful replica hangs on the carpet, you will not have such an opportunity.

2015 www.site

Reproduction of material is possible only with the written consent of the site administration.