On summer cottage Vladimir near Moscow has a water supply system. But the catch is that the water in SNT is turned on in May and turned off in October. Therefore, he decided to provide himself with an autonomous water supply and make a well to have water all year round.

Well - a budget option for organizing an autonomous water supply system

Vladimir’s neighbors, who understood from their own experience what autonomous
water supply and what advantages it gives, they said that it is available at a depth of 6-10 meters. After some thought, he decided to score Abyssinian well, because This is the simplest and most cost-effective solution to the problem. First I contacted several professionals in this field, including those from forumhouse. They gave necessary and valuable advice that could be used, but everyone’s orders were booked until the summer. He couldn’t wait, so he decided to build the well himself.

Purchase of materials

At the market, he bought 5 inch and a quarter galvanized pipes, 1.6 meters each, and threaded them there.

Purchased: steel couplings, adapter for hand pump and a needle with a filter, the main elements of an autonomous water supply system. Vladimir especially liked the quality of the needle.

After turning the needle, a special mesh is wound and soldered 10 cm around the pipe. Before it is wound and sealed, holes are drilled in the pipe itself, through which, after filtering through this mesh, water enters the pipe.

As usual, a local mechanic, Uncle Vanya, was found who made the “Baba” and the tip for the bubble.

The tip is made into a cone to center the blow. The striking surface inside the woman has the same shape. Since the tip is larger in diameter than the pipe itself, a ring is attached to the bottom of the pipe using two bolts with internal diameter through the pipe. Thus, the woman slides along the pipe without any play with a working stroke of about 40 cm. She weighs 25 kg.

He took a hand pump for bleeding from a friend.

Pipe clogging

Vladimir's house is located on columnar foundation about a meter from the ground, so from the very beginning he decided to make a well directly under it. First of all, he made an opening in the floor in the right place.

Then I drilled the first half meter of soil with an ordinary drill, adding boiling water. It was boiling water because it was winter. The task is quite labor-intensive, but he did it because he was afraid of damaging the needle or bending the pipe on the frozen ground. But now the permafrost has been passed. You can score.

First, he hammered the pipe a little, then set it vertically in a plumb line. I cut a hole in the boards for it so that the pipe would not deviate from the vertical, and nailed them.

After that the process began. As we progressed, the coupling was screwed on, then a new pipe. He screwed the coupling onto flax and paint.

With each blow of the woman, the pipe moved 2-5 mm. Slowly but surely Vladimir plugged the pipes.

After 6 meters, he periodically took off the woman, poured water into the pipe and watched whether she left or not. The water began to go away when 8 meters were clogged, which means that it entered the aquifer. So after that, he screwed the hand pump to the pipe, added water and started pumping...

And when the water came out of the pump in a powerful stream, he rejoiced at it more than a dying man in the desert. At first the water was completely gray. After the pump had pumped out about 50 buckets, the color gradually became lighter and closer to the color tap water. But the pressure did not dry up.

Explanations:

When the filter enters the aquifer with a hand pump, you need to start pumping out water. First, the dirt that is in the immediate vicinity of the filter will rise. Then a space is formed around the filter in height greater than the aquifer itself. This space is called a lens. That is, a supply of water, a kind of lake, is formed in the aquifer near the filter, and the larger it is, the better.

To prevent the filter from silting up, you first need to pump it very well so that a sufficiently large lens is formed. Well, then, pump water as often as possible and do not let the well stagnate. Then everything will be fine.

Result

Vladimir does not yet know how much water comes from the well; he did not have time to measure the flow rate. But judging by the way the water flows using a hand pump, the system is working - it should be enough. He filled a bucket in about 1 minute. He expects that it will be enough for a shower, a washbasin, a kitchen sink and a hot water storage boiler during the time when the water supply is turned off.

And to complete the work, Vladimir still needs to purchase a pumping station, and then he will have such an advantage on his site as an autonomous water supply.

Cost of the autonomous water supply system project:

1. Pipe 8 meters - 1840 rub.
2. Needle with filter - 3000 rub.
3. Couplings and thread cutting - 250+400=650 rub.
4. Adapter for hand pump - 120 rub.
5. Baba + tip - 1 bubble.
6. Pumping station - approximately 15 thousand rubles.

Posted by a forum member

Editor: Adamov Roman

Autonomous water supply - system engineering communications and special equipment for supplying a private home with drinking and technical water where it is not possible to connect to a fixed network central water supply. Such a system, designed to supply drinking water to the house, includes:

• well or well;
• submersible pump of high power and performance;
• a hydraulic accumulator to control the operation of the pump and maintain stable pressure in the system;
• water mains with collectors and wiring;
• water treatment filters (not required for technical water supply systems);
• water heating unit for organizing hot water supply.

Source clean water without impurities of clay, lime, iron oxide and copper, a well with a depth of up to 50 meters or more (depending on the occurrence of aquifers) is used, which provides natural purification of water (layers of loam and pebbles) or purification with replaceable filters. The well can be insulated for all-season use, operates without maintenance for up to 7 years and provides a constant supply of water up to 500 liters.

Operating principle of an autonomous water supply system:

• the pump pumps water into the accumulator tank to the set value on the pressure switch;
• water injection stops;
• As water is consumed, the pressure drops, the pump turns on and replenishes the water supply in the tank.

The pump can be turned on manually ( budget system), or install a water pressure monitoring system in the tank (relay), which will control the process automatically. Vodavod specialists are ready to profitably design, install and launch an autonomous water supply in your private home, cottage or dacha in Moscow and the Moscow region.

Our prices

More details about the cost are stated in the price list:

What do you get for this price?

Ready turnkey system:

• Hot and cold water supply;
• Water heater 80 liters;
• Hydraulic accumulator 100 liters;
• Heating cable;
• The ability to “mothball” the entire system;
• Materials from the best manufacturers, time-tested (Italy, Serbia, Denmark, Spain, Turkey);
• Also included in the price Consumables and delivery.

Total turnkey cost: RUB 89,880.

Cost of work

№	Name	Unit change	Quantity	Total price, rub.
1	Installation of pumping equipment	PC.	1	12 000
2	Excavation work (trench 1.5-1.6 m deep)	m.	5	7 000
3	Installation of a drain valve in a well	PC.	1	1 000
4	Making a hole for pipe 32	PC.	2	1 000
5	Corrugated cable installation	m.	5	500
6	Installation of water supply main	m.	5	500
7	Installation of heating cable	PC.	1	1 000
8	Installation of a coarse filter	PC.	1	500
9	Installation of liner to the water supply point (for one device)	PC.	1	2 000
10	Installation of a water heater and its connections	PC.	1	2 800

Total cost of work: 28,300 rubles.

Cost of materials

№	Name	Unit change	Quantity	Total price, rub.
1	Well pump Grunfos SBA 3-35A	PC.	1	21 000
2	Stainless steel cable D3 mm, 630 kg	m.	10	500
3	Cable clamp 3mm, (DIN741)	PC.	4	240
4	Underwater cable for drinking water 3x1.5 mm 2	m.	15	1000
5	Hydroseal	PC.	1	500
6	Corrugation	m.	15	500
7	CYKLON Pressure pipe PE100 DN32x2.4 PN12.5 SDR 13.6	m.	10	1 000
8	Kalde d=20x4.4 (PN 20) Reinforced polypropylene pipe (fiberglass)	m.	10	650
9	Flexible hose 1"	PC.	1	1 000
10	Itap IDEAL 091 1" Valve ball coupling/full bore thread (lever)	PC.	2	2 200
11	Internal heating cable with 4m seal (Spain)	PC.	1	4 800
12	Energoflex Thermal Insulation SUPER 35/9mm (2m)	m.	4	200
13	Itap IDEAL 091 3/4" Ball valve, full bore coupling/thread (lever)	PC.	2	900
14	AquaFilter AQM Housing 10" inlet 3/4" FHPR1-B filter assembly (cartridge, key, bracket)	PC.	1	1 500
15	Gorenje TG 80 NB6 vertical storage water heater, mounted. Metal casing	PC.	1	9 600
16	Hydraulic accumulator Model 100 l for water supply vertical (blue)	PC.	1	6 000
17	Axial pressure gauge 50mm, 0-6 bar	PC.	1	600
18	Itap 110 1" Five-way distributor for pumps and containers	PC.	1	700
19	Watts PA 5 MI Pressure switch 1-5 bar	PC.	1	1 200
20	Power socket	PC.	1	400
21	Power plug	PC.	1	200
22	Consumables	PC.	1	2 000
23	Set of polypropylene fittings	PC.	1	1 890
24	Delivery of materials*	PC.	1	3 000

Total cost of materials: 61,580 rubles.

Features of autonomous water supply systems

We design the autonomous water supply of a private house taking into account the operating conditions of the system and offer two installation options - for summer (seasonal) and year-round use.

A seasonal (summer or temporary) water supply system involves:

• ground laying of water-bearing communications or laying pipes in shallow trenches;
• serial connection of the system;
• preservation for the winter without forced draining;
• installation of hydraulic accumulator tanks without insulation.

Pumps are installed if necessary, no caisson is installed, and no basement drilling is carried out. This system is economical and requires minimum costs, but is functional only in private houses, cottages and dachas, if the owners live in them only in the warm season. When cold weather sets in, water is drained from the system, communications are dismantled and stored in a protected place.

An all-season (winter) water supply system requires:

• carrying out earthworks and deep laying of pipe communications (below the soil freezing level);
• installation of a hydraulic accumulator inside the house, insulation of connections and the tank itself (installation of insulating boxes or a heating system is possible);
• installation of several cascade pumps to maintain maximum pressure in the system;
• installations internal wiring and collector combs;
• mandatory installation of conservation elements (draining water from the system through electromagnetic drain valves).

System installation

Our specialists perform installation work during the construction of an autonomous water supply system on a turnkey basis. The full range of work includes:

• drilling a well with rotary or auger drills with strengthening, filling and arrangement;
• installation of surface pumping station in a box above a well or a caisson in a specially dug and concreted trench up to 2 meters deep;
• digging trenches (depth up to 1.5 meters) and installing pipe communications;
• equipment for surface soil construction (protection from cold);
• installation of water treatment filters (removal of mechanical, manganese, ferrous impurities).

Work is carried out consistently and in strict accordance with construction standards. The price for autonomous water supply in Moscow depends on the depth and complexity of drilling a well, the need to use heavy drilling and earth-moving equipment, the type of water supply system (summer/winter), the need to install a caisson, the cost of casing and pumping equipment.

Autonomous water supply for a private home from VodaVod

• Prepayment of everything
  10% of the price
  materials
• Own
  car park
• Minimum
  deadlines
• Free departure
  engineer
• Democratic
  prices
• Materials from the best
  manufacturers

Vodavod.msk company operates in the capital’s market of design, construction and Maintenance engineering systems of water supply and sanitation since 2013 and carries out professional installation autonomous water supply in a private house on a turnkey basis.

We offer customers:

• services of certified engineers and installation specialists with 10 years of experience;
• own fleet of specialized construction vehicles;
• free visit of an engineer to the site for measurements and consultations;
• modern technologies and practice-tested ready-made technical solutions any complexity;
• selection, acquisition and use of the highest quality equipment and the best construction materials;
• performance full complex installation on your own;
• minimum deadlines for completing work (1-3 days) and compliance with the approved cost estimate;
• prepayment of only 10% of the cost of materials and full payment only after the successful launch of the autonomous water supply system;
• 2-year warranty on finished operation engineering system and a passport for the well.

Design the water supply for a private home and install it yourself effective system difficult, but real. The article provides recommendations for arranging a water source, connecting pumps and laying a pipeline. Also here you can find useful tips on the selection of materials and equipment to solve these problems.

Centralized and autonomous systems

The water supply system of a private house can be either centralized or autonomous. Both options have their own characteristics.

U centralized system:

1. Connect to source. The water comes from a water main, fed either from a pumping station or a water tower.

1. System pressure. The pressure in the pipelines is ensured automatically, i.e. we do not need to install additional pumping equipment.
2. Dependence on extraneous circumstances. The system turns out to be completely dependent on external factors: if the central pumps break down or are switched off or the main line breaks, the house will be left without water. Perhaps for a long time.

1. Water treatment. When water enters the central water supply system, it undergoes purification - removal of mechanical particles, impurities, demineralization, and disinfection.

The quality of this cleaning varies greatly, so in most cases additional cleaning is required.

For an autonomous system:

1. Connect to source. The source is a well or borehole (depending on the location of the aquifer).
2. System pressure and dependence on external factors. Water transportation in the system is provided by pumping equipment, which we need to install and maintain ourselves. This makes the water supply dependent on the presence of voltage in the network, so it is advisable to have a backup power supply system powered by a generator.

1. Water treatment. You need to take care of the cleaning yourself: sometimes the initial quality of the water does not allow it to be used for drinking and cooking.

There are also differences in financially . When using a centralized system, we will only have to purchase pipes and shut-off valves, but we will have to pay monthly for water supply services. You don’t need to pay for using an autonomous system, but you will have to buy quite expensive pumping equipment and spend money on constructing a well/borehole. As a result, the autonomous system will pay for itself in at least a few years.

Which water system for a private home will be optimal?

• if possible, it is easier to connect to a centralized water supply system. Even if you pay monthly, the costs will be much lower;
• If this is not possible, you will have to make an autonomous system. Labor, time and financial costs will be an order of magnitude higher. But after working once, we can provide the house with water for several decades.

Water sources

How to dig a well

So, let’s say we need to arrange a water source ourselves. The most simple solution will dig a well. This decision is justified if the aquifer within the site is at a level of 4 - 15 meters and has sufficient thickness.

Benefits of the well:

• relatively low labor costs;
• the ability to manually lift water during a power outage;
• low cost of pumping equipment;
• service life - 50 years or more.

Disadvantages of the well:

• can penetrate into the well groundwater with particles of soil and silt. This leads to a decrease in water quality;
• to avoid silting, the well must be cleaned regularly;
• Water levels vary depending on the time of year, so in hot weather shallow springs may dry up.

Instructions for digging and arranging a well will be as follows:

	Digging a pit. In the selected location, we apply markings under the well itself and under the platform along its perimeter. Then we dig a pit approximately 2 - 2.5 m deep.
	Installation of a frame or rings. We lower either the first crowns into the dug pit wooden log house, or the first ring that will strengthen the walls of the well. We gradually deepen the bottom of the pit under the base of the log house or concrete ring, lowering them all lower. As the products are lowered, we build up the structure from above, adding new crowns or installing further rings. After the design depth is reached, we seal the joints between the rings.
	Construction of the aquifer. When we reach a layer containing a large amount of water, we will need to go deeper by about 1 - 1.5 m. To sample wet soil, we use a box made of tightly fitted boards, which we install at the bottom of the pit. We select the soil from the box and lift it up in buckets.
	Arrangement of the filter. We pour washed coarse sand, gravel and crushed stone or pebbles into layers at the bottom of the pit. These materials will ensure water drainage and trapping of clay and silt particles. On top of the drainage layer we lay a shield of aspen boards, knocked down with small cracks. The presence of such a shield also helps improve water quality.
	Surface work. Along the perimeter of the well we dig a pit with a diameter of about 2 m and a depth of up to 60 cm. At the bottom of the pit we lay a layer of clay, which we carefully compact - this “ clay castle» will protect the well from reverse filtration of spilled water. On top clay castle we arrange a roll from a slab or concrete screed. You can lay it on top of the screed paving slabs or pave the site.

The upper part of the well is designed in different ways:

• you can install a decorative house with a roof, securing a gate in it for manually raising water;
• you can arrange a hidden caisson (pit) or a surface house for the pumping station.

Option with decorative house suitable not only for gates, but also for installation submersible pump. But it is advisable to place the surface pump in a separate structure (underground caisson, above-ground booth). You can also install a pumping station in the house - then it will be enough to lay a pipe or hose to the head of the well.

How to drill a well

Water supply to the house from a well is also possible.

Well advantages:

• stable volume of water with relatively small seasonal fluctuations;
• high water quality;
• no need for regular repairs.

Well disadvantages:

• expensive and complex drilling, almost always using professional equipment;
• shorter service life than a well (for sand wells);
• the need to use expensive well pumps.

Water supply in a private house is usually carried out using two types of wells:

1. Well "on sand". Depth from 15 to 40-50 m, service life - from 8 to 20 years. Such a well can be drilled manually by finding the aquifer experimentally. To lift and supply water, the installation of pumping equipment is required. Water may contain sand and clay particles and therefore requires additional purification.
2. Artesian well. The depth can reach 150 m, the service life is up to 50 years with proper arrangement and operation. Water rises due to its own pressure; pumps are used mainly for transportation. Drilled exclusively by machine with mandatory registration and issuance of a well passport.

Typically, drilling a well until the desired water level is achieved by professionals. However, if the aquifer is shallow, then you can do the work yourself:

	Preliminary work. In the selected location we dig a pit for installing a caisson or mounting the well head. We install a tripod on which the guide rods will rest.
	Auger drilling. Using an auger drill, we deepen the well, raking out the excavated soil from the neck. We periodically remove the tool, clearing its blades of adhering material. When manual drilling, you can make the work easier by extending the drill handles with “shoulders” made of steel pipes 1.5 - 2 m long.
	Installation of casing. As we deepen the well, we install plastic or metal casing pipes (the diameter should allow free movement of the drill). We connect the casing parts together either by threading or welding.
	Completion of work. We continue drilling until complete passage aquifer. After reaching the design depth, we expand the lower part of the well and flush it with a submersible pump to remove sand, clay particles and silt. In the lower part we install a gravel filter or install a special filter pipe with mesh walls.

A properly drilled and equipped well can ensure an uninterrupted supply of water for your home’s water supply system.

Connecting pumping equipment

We install a well pump

To deliver water from a well or borehole to points of consumption, it is necessary to install pumping equipment. We will begin the description of the process with the installation of well pumps.

The following types of pumps can be used for a well:

1. Deep well pump (submersible). The pumping part is located suspended in the water (on a cable or nylon cord). The pump is connected to the surface with a water supply hose and a power cable.

1. Surface pump or pumping station. The pumping equipment itself is located on the surface (in a caisson pit or in the house). A hose with a filter is lowered to the depth of the aquifer, above which a check valve is usually mounted. The presence of a check valve prevents the movement of water by gravity back into the well and facilitates pumping when the pump is turned off.

Typically submersible well pumps are mainly used for economic needs. Private household water supply systems are almost always built on the basis of a pumping station.

Main elements of the unit:

• centrifugal pump with automatic on/off system;
• hydraulic accumulator - a tank divided into several sections by a membrane. The presence of a tank allows you to maintain a constant pressure in the system due to gradual filling with water;

Other advantages of the tank include compensation for water hammer and energy savings due to less frequent switching on pumping automation. The larger the volume of the hydraulic accumulator, the lower the equipment wear will be.

• pressure switch that controls the activation of automation;
• measuring instruments.

The system is assembled this way:

1. A pumping station is being installed. A concrete or brick podium is used as the base. We place a rubber mat under the device to compensate for vibrations.
2. A water supply hose from the well is connected to the pump. At the connection point you can install the simplest strainer for pre-cleaning.

1. The outlet pipe is being connected. In the future, based on it, we will do wiring around the house.
2. The automation is being configured. To do this, about 2 liters of water are poured into the pump through the technological hole and the unit is turned on. The system is adjusted so that automatic shutdown occurs at a pressure of about 2.5 -3 bar, and start-up - 1.5 - 1.8 bar.

Installing the pump in the well

If the water source is a well, then the main equipment is a submersible borehole pump. Such devices are characterized by a combination of high power with a relatively small diameter, which is why they are quite expensive.

The pump is connected to a hose and power cable, and then lowered into the well on a cable:

	Determination of depth. We determine the level of the water surface according to the passport, if possible controlling it using a weight on a cord. We calculate the immersion level of the pump so that the suction part is at least 1 m below the minimum dynamic level and at a distance of 1 to 3 m from the bottom. U artesian wells optimal level consider 2/3 of the depth of the aquifer - approximately at the level of the lower edge casing pipe.
	Preparing for installation. In accordance with the obtained length, we measure the hose and cable, which we connect to each other with plastic clamps every 3-4 meters. We attach the cable with the hose to the pump.
	Installation of suspension system. We fix a steel cable or nylon cord (a minimum of five times the strength margin is required) on the pump body. We lower the equipment into the well. If the installation depth is small, we attach the cable or cord to a suspension made of a rubber band folded several times. This damper will dampen vibrations.
	Installation of the head. We attach the head on top of the casing. We tie a cable or suspension cord to the eye bolt at the bottom of the head cover. We lead the hose and power cable through the central hole of the head, after which we tighten the bolts, sealing the structure.

Laying water pipes

How to do piping

The water supply to a home can be based on any source, but the effectiveness of the system depends on how correctly we lay the pipes. For country house Typically, products made of metal-plastic, polypropylene or polyethylene are used, which are connected either using fittings or welding.

The general algorithm for laying pipes includes the following operations:

1. Installation of supply pipe. We dig a trench from the house to the pit using the head of a well or a caisson with pumping equipment. The depth of the trench should be from 1.5 to 2 m, which will prevent freezing of the water pipe in winter.

Additional measures to protect against freezing include thermal insulation of the pipe using polystyrene or polyurethane casings, as well as laying active heating cables.

1. Registration of entrance to the premises. We make a hole in the foundation or base into which we insert a metal sleeve with a diameter larger than the diameter of the pipe. Through the sleeve, which will provide protection against deformation during building subsidence, we bring the pipe into the room. Carefully hole.

1. Preparation for installation of water supply. We apply markings on the walls for laying pipes. For open installation, we attach brackets to the load-bearing surfaces on which the pipes will be fixed. If planned hidden installation, we make grooves in the walls using a wall chaser or a hammer drill with a chisel attachment. We also install brackets for pipes in the grooves.

1. Water supply connection. At the entrance to the house we install ball valve, to which we connect the collector. We connect the pipes of the water supply system to the collector with our own hands, which we divide into several circuits. This installation scheme allows you to optimize the pressure: when one tap is opened, the pressure in other areas will not drop.

1. System assembly. Metal-plastic pipes we connect to each other using press fittings. Polyethylene and polypropylene products We install by welding, using a special soldering iron for connection. We fix the pipes on brackets (openly or in grooves). We connect shut-off valves, plumbing fixtures, faucets and other points of consumption.

Before sealing the grooves and performing finishing works It is advisable to test the system. During the test run, we check the quality of the pipe connections, the operation of the control automation and the functioning of the pump pumping water from the well or borehole.

How to provide hot water supply

To ensure the proper level of comfort, you should think about installing a hot water supply system.

So that we can wash ourselves, wash dishes and take a shower with hot water, you can use a variety of devices:

1. Hot water boilers– gas or solid fuel. They can be either single-circuit (for heating water only) or double-circuit (hot water supply + heating). To use the system, a separate pipe with cold water, is connected to the boiler and a separate hot wiring is carried out from the boiler.

1. Storage water heaters. Such a heater is a container from 50 to 100+ liters, inside of which there is a heating element. Water enters the tank and is heated to desired temperature, after which the heating element is turned on only to maintain the required degree of heating. The reservoir is replenished as you use it.

1. Instantaneous water heaters. Are used either in the smallest country houses without a shower stall, or in large cottages in certain sections of the pipework. The flow-through heater is mounted on a cold water pipe directly in front of the point of consumption. Heating occurs when liquid passes through the body of a device with an electric or induction element.

Offer services for installation of a water supply system and water purification in a private house. They will help you choose the most best option equipment. Select durable, wear-resistant materials. Will produce installation work turnkey in compliance with quality and safety requirements.

What are the benefits of autonomous software?

Uninterrupted water supply - necessary condition to create comfortable living conditions in country cottage. Nowadays, it is possible to install autonomous software even in the most remote places. Having powerful, high-performance equipment, you can significantly simplify the processes of washing dishes, taking a shower, cooking, and solving many everyday problems.

It is naive to believe that water consumption in a country house will be less than in an apartment. Modern realities A comfortable life is not just about an ordinary kitchen and bathroom. Many owners have a swimming pool, bathhouse, sauna and even a fountain. They design, .

They take into account everything you need to live in a country house not only in the summer, but also in the winter months.

Two types of modern autonomy can be distinguished:

• Supply water resources due to the well;
• Providing water from an external water source (well).

The choice of one method or another is not related to the availability of centralized water supply and sanitation in a particular locality. The first option is perfect for those who plan to live in the house all year round. The second one is more convenient if it is intended seasonal accommodation. There are important differences between these types of water supplies. Supplying a cottage requires high-tech, wear-resistant equipment and a well-functioning system. When living in a country house, you must definitely drain the water, since you do not use it constantly.

Autonomous provision has a lot of advantages:

• All conditions have been created for the supply of high quality water.;
• Providing not only cold but also hot water;
• Independence from central water supply, common well, additional surface sources;
• One-time installation work can significantly save costs and create conditions for an uninterrupted supply of water resources under high pressure.

Why our company?

Our company will fulfill orders at reasonable and quite affordable prices. The responsible executor will draw up estimate documentation, will provide detailed description and a photo of each piece of working equipment. Reviews regular customers testify to high professionalism and impeccable quality of workmanship. You can submit a request by phone or on this website.

In this article, my dear reader and I will have to figure out how an autonomous water supply for a country house can be implemented. We will familiarize ourselves with water supply schemes used for different sources water, and with the necessary equipment and materials for their implementation. Let's get started.

Water sources

Water supply to the house can be organized:

1. From the well. The obvious advantage of this solution is its low cost and the ability to implement the project with your own hands from start to finish (see). Equally obvious drawback- the fact that water of drinking quality is quite rare in the upper aquifers;

1. From the well. Lower aquifers typically provide water with minimal contamination. Alas, it is an expensive undertaking (boring a linear meter of its shaft costs from 2 to 4 thousand rubles, depending on the type of soil);

1. From the container. The tank can be filled with imported water or a country water supply with water supplied according to a schedule. The latter scheme is typical of many garden cooperatives in warm regions of the country.

Schemes and equipment for cold water supply

What will an autonomous water supply at home look like in each of the described cases?

Well

Conditions: the depth of the water surface does not exceed 8 meters.

Equipment:

Image	Description
	. This is the name of a set of centrifugal units installed on one frame surface pump, its power relay with a pressure sensor and a hydraulic accumulator. The pump turns on when the pressure in the membrane tank drops below a critical level (usually 1.5 kgf/cm2), and turns off after it reaches the upper specified value (3 - 6 kgf/cm2). When the water flow rate is insignificant, the pump is idle, and excess pressure is provided compressed air in the hydraulic accumulator. The station is selected based on pressure (it must exceed the height of the upper water intake point above the pump by at least 15 meters) and performance (it must be at least equal to the peak water flow through all simultaneously used devices).
	The suction pipe is a rigid pipe through which the pump draws water from the well.
	Check valve, eliminating the discharge of water from membrane tank through the suction pipe with the pump turned off.
	Water supply inlet connecting the pumping station to the internal water supply.
	A mechanical filter that purifies water from suspended matter. Modern plumbing (primarily ceramic faucets and cartridges single lever mixers) really does not like sand and other debris in the water supply: a grain of sand caught between the plates blocking the water can damage them.

Note: maximum depth suction (those 8 meters) is in no way related to the power and performance of the pump and is the same for all models on the market. The limitation is imposed... atmospheric pressure: it is this that displaces water into the suction pipe when a vacuum is created in it. IN ideal conditions(with absolute vacuum in the pipe) the height of the water column cannot exceed 10 meters.

Scheme: the pumping station is installed in an insulated house above the well or in a warm room of the house (with a short distance to the well). The check valve is mounted at the end of the suction pipe, the coarse filter is mounted at the water supply inlet.

Please note: when large quantities suspensions in water, the filter can be installed on the suction pipe, in front of the check valve. However, in this case, the pipe will have to be lifted periodically to clean the filter.

Well

How to implement an autonomous water supply in a house if the water source is a well (see) or a well more than 8 meters deep?

Equipment:

Image	Description
	. The pressure it creates must be at least 15 meters higher than the difference in height between the point of water intake and top point water collection For a significant length of the water supply inlet, the calculations use an additional coefficient of 1.2, which is necessary to compensate for the hydraulic resistance of the pipe.
	Non-return valve that prevents loss of water raised by the pump.
	Power relay with pressure sensor. It turns the pump on and off when the lower and upper threshold pressure values ​​in the water supply system are reached.
	Hydraulic accumulator. It acts as a buffer, eliminating pressure surges during pump operation.
	Filter mechanical cleaning. It again protects the water supply from suspended matter and debris.

Scheme: a pump with a check valve installed on the outlet pipe is immersed in the well. The water supply inlet is laid below the ground freezing level. The hydraulic accumulator and pressure switch are mounted at the inlet or at any other point in the water supply system.

Capacity

How to organize an autonomous water supply for a dacha or home from a storage tank?

Gravity water supply

Equipment:

Image	Description
	Storage tank. Plastic (polyethylene or polypropylene) containers for drinking water are usually used in this role. They are usually equipped with a filler hatch and one or two pipes for connecting to the water supply.
	Float fill valve. It is needed if the container is filled from a summer water supply with periodic water supply. The valve allows you to automate the filling of the tank.
	Shut-off valve (usually ball valve). It allows you to drain the water supply for plumbing repairs without dumping the storage tank.
	Check valve. It is needed if the container is used as a backup source of water, and prevents its filling through the drain pipe.

Scheme: the container is installed in the attic of the house, or under the ceiling of a residential floor. It is filled when water is supplied to the summer water supply or (if imported water is used) using a pump. Water is supplied to the water supply system by gravity through the drain pipe at the bottom of the tank.

Please note: the diagram with buffer capacity and gravity water supply can be used even if you have your own water source - a well or well. Its main advantage is complete energy independence (of course, after filling the tank): even during a long power outage, the home owner will not have to do without water.

Gravity autonomous water supply in a dacha is more than appropriate, but in a private house such a scheme is somewhat inconvenient:

• The water pressure is limited by the height of the tank;

Reference: Appliances (washing machines, water heaters, dishwashers) operate at a pressure in the water supply of at least 0.3 kgf/cm2. It corresponds to the pressure created by a water column 3 meters high.

• The tank can only be installed in a warm room. In a cold attic, water will freeze during the first frost of the night;
• The water supply in the tank is limited by the strength of the floor beams.

Interesting: Gravity supply of water into the water supply system has been used for many years to ensure water supply apartment buildings and even entire settlements. Buffer tanks in water towers were filled with water from any local source - a well or a water intake from an open reservoir. Now this water supply system has been practically replaced by pumping stations.

Water supply by pump

An autonomous water supply in a private house with water supplied from a storage tank by a pumping station does not have all the disadvantages described above. To implement this scheme, you need the pumping station itself, a float valve, and a water tank (its volume is limited only by the size of the room allocated for the water reserve in the basement or ground floor) and a pair of check valves.

Scheme: the container is filled through a float valve or (if the water is imported) through the filler hatch. The input of the pumping station is connected to the drain pipe of the tank. Check valves are placed on the outlet pipe of the pump (the valve does not allow the container to be filled through the drain), and between the taps of the container and the pump into the water supply.

Captain Obviousness suggests: this scheme can also be used as a backup source of water in a house with its centralized supply.

How does it work:

• At normal pressure in the main water supply, the check valve at the outlet pipe of the pump is activated. The second valve is open. Water enters the internal water supply and fills the tank through a float valve;
• After filling the tank, the float valve shuts off the water, but it continues to flow into the water supply;
• When the pressure drops below the response threshold of the pressure switch of the pumping station, the pump turns on. The check valve at its outlet opens. The second valve closes and prevents water from draining into the water supply main. Until the inlet pressure stabilizes, the house is fed with water from the tank.

Circuits and equipment for hot water supply

What equipment is needed to provide a home with hot water? Here is a description of the most popular solutions.

Electric boiler

Device: heat-insulated tank with heating element and thermostat.

Advantages:

• Light load on the wiring (the power of the heating elements is in the range of 1-3 kilowatts);
• Stable water temperature;
• Possibility of precise temperature control.

Flaws:

• High cost per kilowatt-hour of heat;

Captain Obviousness suggests: all electric heating devices have an efficiency of 100% (minus heat loss through the body). To get a kilowatt-hour of heat, you need to spend exactly the same amount of electricity.

• Heat loss through the thermal insulation of the tank: the boiler periodically turns on the heating elements to heat water even in the absence of its consumption;
• Energy dependence. If your lights are turned off, hot water will quickly run out.

Connection: the boiler input is fed from the cold water supply, the output is connected to the hot water supply. A safety group consisting of non-return and safety valves is installed at the entrance. The check valve prevents the draining of heated water when the hot water supply is turned off, and the safety valve prevents a dangerous increase in pressure in the tank and water supply due to thermal expansion of water.

Indirect heating boiler

Device: thermally insulated tank with a heat exchanger and pipes for connection to cold water, hot water and heating systems.

Advantages: connects to any type of heating boiler. Allows for energy-independent (without the use of electricity) preparation of hot water. The cost of a kilowatt-hour of heat is determined only by the type of fuel used.

Connection:

• A small-volume indirect boiler is connected to the water supply in the same way as an electric boiler;
• For volumes over 150 liters safety valve is replaced by expansion tank. It also solves the problem of thermal expansion of water, but in a different way: it does not discharge water into the drainage, but stores its excess by compressing air;

• The boiler is connected to the heating system in parallel with the heating circuit. During the warm season, the batteries are turned off and the coolant circulates between the heat exchangers of the boiler and boiler.

Gas water heater, double-circuit boiler

Device: geyser - instantaneous water heater, using the heat of combustion of gas. Its supply is adjusted by a thermostat - mechanical or electrical.

A double-circuit boiler combines heating with the preparation of hot water in an additional heat exchanger (separate or coaxial).

Advantages:

• Using the cheapest heat source - main gas;
• Compactness of the water heater;
• Models with piezo ignition and a mechanical thermostat are energy independent.

Disadvantage: low accuracy of temperature control for devices with a mechanical thermostat. Trying to take a warm shower becomes a constant battle with the faucet taps.

Connection: into the gap between the hot and cold water pipes. The only additional fittings that can be installed are taps that cut off the column or boiler, and a mechanical filter on the inlet pipe.

However: if there is a filter at the water supply inlet, the make-up water does not require additional purification.

Pipe selection

What pipes can be used to distribute water from an autonomous source throughout the house?

According to SP 30.13330.2012, pipes for internal water supply must:

• Serve for at least 50 years at a temperature of +20°C;
• Serve for at least 25 years hot water with a temperature of +75°C;
• Have constant hydraulic resistance throughout its service life.

This instruction immediately excludes from the list of applicants the Soviet-built houses we are accustomed to steel pipes: according to VSN 58-88, they must be replaced after 10-15 years.

In addition: fouling inner surface The presence of deposits and rust on pipe walls reduces the clearance of the water supply system and significantly increases its hydraulic resistance.

What's in the bottom line?

Copper

Installation methods:

• On soldered socket joints. After processing with flux and heating the parts to be joined with a torch, the solder fills the gap between the parts due to the manifestation of the capillary effect. Soldering provides an absolutely sealed connection that requires no maintenance and can withstand temperature fluctuations (see);

• On compression fittings. When the union nut is tightened, the pipe is crimped with a copper or brass O-ring. Tightness is ensured by deformation of the ductile metal;

• On press fittings. The pipe is crimped with a deformable coupling with an o-ring seal.

Advantages:

• Durability. The oldest copper water pipelines in operation have been performing their functions for the second century;
• Plasticity, which allows you to make turns of the water supply system without fittings, due to the bending of the pipe;

By the way: thanks to the plasticity of metal copper plumbing withstands 4 or 5 times defrosting without breaking the seal.

• Heat resistance of pipes and connections;
• Highest tensile strength (up to 240 atmospheres);
• Bactericidal properties of copper.

Disadvantage: high cost (for a diameter of 15 mm - 300 or more rubles per meter).

Corrugated stainless steel

Installation method: compression fitting connections. The strength of the connection is ensured by the corrugation of the thin-walled pipe.

Advantages:

• Exceptional flexibility of pipes, allowing bending with a turning radius equal to the diameter of the water pipe;

• Unlimited service life of the water supply system;

However: 30 years after its installation, the owner will have to change the silicone rings in the fittings.

• Tensile strength (up to 210 atmospheres);
• Heat resistance of the pipes themselves and silicone fitting seals (up to 150°C);

Please note: Heat resistance and durability metal pipes, are clearly redundant for autonomous water supply with its parameters completely controlled by the owner.

• Extreme ease of installation of connections. The fitting is installed with two adjustable wrenches in 30 seconds;

• Low material consumption (pipe wall thickness is only 0.3 mm) and, as a result, a fairly affordable price (from 105 rubles per meter for a diameter of 15 mm).

Disadvantage: high hydraulic resistance due to corrugation of the walls.

Polypropylene

Installation method: coupling welded connections. The fitting and pipe are melted on the soldering iron nozzle and connected. Thanks to molecular diffusion, the material of the parts is reliably welded, forming a connection that is almost as strong as a solid pipe (see).

Important point: often used for hot water supply reinforced pipes. Reinforcement reduces the elongation of straight sections of water pipes when heated. Aluminum foil reinforcement must be cleaned in the joint area before welding: otherwise electrochemical corrosion foil can lead to wall delamination.

Advantages:

• The lowest price of pipes and fittings among all materials (from 20 rubles per meter of pipe and from 3 rubles per fitting);
• Minimum weight (polypropylene has the lowest density among all plastics, 0.93 g/cm3);
• Durability (at least 50 years per cold water and not less than 25 on hot);
• Simplicity and high speed of installation of connections.

Flaws:

• Significant elongation of pipes when heated. It has to be compensated for by U-shaped or annular bends of bottlings and risers. In this case, the pipe clamps closest to the expansion joints must be sliding;

• Decrease in tensile strength when heated. The PN 25 pipe is designed for 25 atmospheres at +20°C, but when heated to +75 degrees its tensile strength drops to 10-12 atmospheres. The service life of the water supply system is proportionally reduced;
• Supply of pipes in straight sections of short length (standard - 2 meters), increasing total connections.

PEX and PERT

These are designations for two types of polyethylene - cross-linked (with cross-links between polymer molecules) and heat-resistant (with the addition of copolymers that increase resistance to heat).

Installation methods:

Image	Description
	On fittings with pipe-fixing sleeves. The fitting uses an exotic property PEX pipes- shape memory - and is used only with it.
	On compression fittings with a fitting and a union nut. Suitable for both types of pipes.
	On fittings for socket welding. Suitable for PERT pipes.

Advantages:

• Heat resistance (70-110 degrees depending on the degree of cross-linking of PEX and the amount of modifying additives in the case of PERT);
• Flexibility, allowing bends with a small radius;
• Delivery in coils, which means a minimum number of fittings.

It’s interesting: pipes made of modified polyethylene are used mainly for collector distribution of water from hidden gasket pipes The large length of the coil (from 50 to 200 meters) makes it possible to remove all serviced connections beyond the screed or groove.

Disadvantage: Expensive tool for installing PEX on fittings.

Metal-plastic

Metal-plastic pipes are called pipes with an aluminum core, coated inside and outside with cross-linked or heat-resistant polyethylene. The core increases the tensile strength of the pipe and its rigidity with respect to deforming loads.

Installation: on compression and press fittings. In the first case, the pipe is pressed onto the fitting by a split ring when the union nut is tightened, in the second case, by a stainless steel sleeve deformed by pliers.

Important: before installing the connection, the pipe must be calibrated. Its end must be smooth and with the internal chamfer removed. Failure to comply with these rules leads to displacement of the sealing rings from the fitting sockets to the fitting body; As a result, the DHW connection leaks after just a few heating and cooling cycles.

Advantages:

• Delivery in coils;

• Pipe flexibility;
• Easy installation of connections.

Disadvantage: creases when bending with a small radius.

Conclusion

We hope that our material will help the reader choose the optimal water supply scheme for his conditions. The video in this article will tell you more about how autonomous water supply can be implemented for your home and garden. Good luck!