Plywood is a wonderful building material, almost ideal for covering large, leveled areas. , in turn, has established itself in the role quality material for finishing. Is it possible to combine them? It is possible, and even necessary.

Many experts have already tried the method of laying tiles on plywood using special elastic adhesives

Usually the tiles are laid on top concrete screed, this skillful “tandem” is not prone to deformation. Wood and plywood, unfortunately, do not have this property. Therefore, today, beginners in the renovation business are increasingly faced with the question of how to lay tiles on plywood.

Basic provisions

Tile laying methods

When laying a tile covering, it is important to comply with and comply with the mandatory requirements, first of all, to know what types of bases can be combined with a particular building material. Often tiles are laid on concrete, however experienced craftsmen They are already moving away from conservative repair methods and successfully combining tiles with plywood.

1. Due to the fact that tiles do not tolerate uneven bases, and with the help of cement you can easily level any surface, concrete screed still prevails today. However, the visible disadvantages cannot be avoided here: the base fabric has to be waterproofed and primed.
2. Some people practice laying on old tile. Experts call this blasphemy; not a single technology contains a description of such a procedure, but those who want to make repairs on their own without making any effort special effort, continue to experiment. How long does this finish last? Bye old layer the tile will not crack or crumble, taking with it all the memories of the new finish into oblivion.
3. As an option, the tiles are laid on top of wood, but it is still more efficient to lay them on a plywood base.

Where is it preferable to lay slabs on plywood?

First of all, in wooden houses, With frame structure. It can be used for both floor and wall coverings.

Of course, you will have to put in a lot of effort, but the end result is worth it.

Tile laying technology

Preparing the base

According to the requirements, the thickness of the tile base cannot be less than 22–28 mm. If joists are used, the piece of plywood must be at least 30 mm thick. A lower value will not provide the necessary rigidity, which means the tile will vibrate and crack.

The surface under the tiles must be perfectly flat

As a rule, it is cut into 4 equal parts, each of which is attached to the floor (wall) in a checkerboard pattern. Plywood can cover not only wooden joists, but also parquet and boards.

Builders do not advise saving on self-tapping screws; a sufficient number of them will significantly reduce vibration. Before laying plywood, the surface is additionally checked horizontal level.

Marking for laying tiles using an electronic level

Next, the plywood is carefully sanded and cleaned using a vacuum cleaner or a slightly moistened household sponge. For greater leveling plywood sheets covered with several layers of primer; the previous one must dry before applying the next layer. If done in the bathroom, a product or specially prepared solution is used to treat the plywood to provide waterproofing. For work, it is better to purchase moisture-resistant material.

Glue the tiles

In order for the process to take a minimum amount of time, you should have at hand Building tools and materials:

• ceramic tile;
• two-component adhesive with a good degree of elasticity;
• anchor;
• plywood sheets;
• soil mixture;
• grout;
• measuring device;
• a piece of chalk for basting;
• soft cloth or sponge.

Now let's start laying the tiles

First measure floor surface and apply the markings. Decide on the middle of the longest wall in the room and draw a line at a 90-degree angle that will connect two opposite walls. Carry out the same actions in relation to the remaining walls. The resulting lines are a guide for an even finish.

You need to lay tiles on plywood from the second row, the very first one is cut to the required size and applied when the rest of the tiles have already been laid.

The glue is distributed over a spatula used when working with a plywood base. The tile is carefully placed on top and slightly immersed inside by pressing with the palms. The horizontalness is immediately measured. If errors are found tile finishing tapped with a rubber hammer until the level shows the desired result.

Using a ribbed spatula, apply the solution to the area 1.5 times more tiles

After laying several tiles, insert crosses into the seams between the material, which can be purchased in advance at a hardware store. The size of the seam is determined by the rule: the more tiles required for finishing, the greater the thickness of the seams.

The undoubted advantage of gluing is the quick drying of the surface - only a few hours. After which the seams are treated with white grout, which provides protection against liquid penetration onto the main coating. Laying tiles on plywood always ends with dry rubbing of the finish.

Conclusion

As you can see, laying tiles on a plywood base is not that difficult. By following the basic tips and recommendations, even a person who is far from repair and construction work can cope with this.

When working with tiles, many specialists refuse to use a concrete screed, which acts as a rough covering. An interesting alternative is laying ceramic tiles on plywood. In this case, you can eliminate the rather labor-intensive dirty work, and also reduce time costs, since there is no need to wait for hardening concrete mortar, and immediately, as soon as the plywood sheets are laid, work with the tiles.

Laying on plywood - great choice for wooden and frame houses, as well as situations where there is no time or opportunity to perform screeding. Using plywood sheets, you can qualitatively level the surface by laying it on the logs. They are also recommended to be laid on top of a finished concrete floor to improve heat and soundproofing properties floor.

In terms of labor intensity and complexity of work, there are no differences with laying on concrete; the main point is the correct choice of plywood sheets and preparation of the base.

What plywood to use

The range of plywood sheets available for purchase is quite extensive. It is important to choose the right material on which ceramic tiles will subsequently be laid. Here are the main recommendations:

1. The sheet thickness should be from 28 mm. In some cases, it is possible to choose thinner 22 mm plywood (provided that the tiles are not too heavy). If plywood sheets are laid on logs, then minimum thickness material increases to 30 mm. These are the requirements that will allow the plywood to support the weight of the tiles and not deform.
2. The grade of plywood doesn't really matter. Since the material in this case is rough, it is permissible to choose low-grade sheets (3 or 4). But it is better to refuse rejection with an abundance of defects and obvious manifestations of unevenness.
3. It is better to give preference to the FC brand. It's environmentally friendly pure material, which does not highlight harmful substances and is suitable for residential use. The choice in favor of the FSF is acceptable if we're talking about about cladding industrial facilities or premises with high level humidity (subject to good ventilation, this option of plywood is acceptable).
4. The linear dimensions of the sheet are not particularly important, since it is usually divided into smaller squares.

How to lay tiles on plywood correctly

Before you start tiling work, you need to choose the right one adhesive for laying tiles on plywood. The traditional composition is not suitable for concrete foundations. It is better to choose silicone or two-component adhesives that are designed for moving bases. Parquet adhesive is also suitable for these purposes.

• To prepare plywood sheets for tiling work, its surfaces are cleaned and leveled. The best option- grinding;
• To fix the plywood, either nails or self-tapping screws are used;
• then a primer is applied to the resulting base, and if the room is damp, then additional waterproofing is performed;
• The process of laying tiles is practically no different from classic version With concrete base. First, the solution is applied in an even layer to the plywood, then the first tile is laid - ideally from the corner. For better fixation, you can lightly tap the ceramics in the corners or press down with your hand. The work uses traditional crosses, allowing you to maintain the required jointing distance;
• The grout can be applied immediately after the glue has hardened (optimally 3-4 days after installation).

Select suitable plywood for subsequent tiling work you can in the Plywood Monolit online store.

Manufacturers of floor tiles recommend laying the material on any mineral base - concrete plates, cement-sand, anhydrite screeds, etc. This is due to the fact that the coefficient of their linear thermal expansion almost coincides with that of ceramics. However, it is not always possible to form exactly the required foundation. Therefore, today we will talk about laying tiles on plywood.

As a rule, plywood is used as a base for tiles in frame, wooden and other types of buildings with small bearing capacity(compared to houses made of stone, brick, concrete). In addition, a dry prefabricated screed made from plywood boards will cost much less and will form faster than a classic cement-sand screed.

When choosing flooring material For a subfloor, several parameters need to be taken into account:

Dynamic stability

The main component of plywood and all types particle boards- wood that begins to swell under the influence of moisture, and when there is a lack of moisture, it begins to dry out. Such mobility leads to the fact that mineral glue, as well as floor tiles, does not stay on the base, cracks and begins to “come off”. Therefore, a product with an increased level of moisture resistance is needed. This can be FSF, FB, FBA plywood, composite plywood (with internal or external reinforcement with fiberglass or metal mesh), always grade 1 or 2 with a minimum of wormholes and other defects.

Reinforced plywood is moisture resistant.

Thickness

The optimal value of this indicator is 18-28 mm. If you are going to glue tiles onto plywood, then do not forget about the considerable weight of the floor covering coupled with the adhesive layer. Accordingly, the slab must withstand a constant compressive load. As a last resort, you can form a base of 2 thin layers 8-10 mm each. In this case, the sheets of the upper layer must be laid out in such a way that the seams of the lower layer overlap.

The greater the spacing between the support joists under the plywood deck, the thicker the slabs should be. This will help prevent them from bending when the load increases.

Dimensions

A wide range of plywood sizes is allowed by Russian GOST standards, but you need to choose in such a way as to minimize the amount of waste. Although some craftsmen claim that it is best to cut the slabs and lay them in small squares with a gap of 2-4 mm, in reality this is not so important.

Installing tiles on plywood floors poses certain difficulties. In particular, think about how you will install the dry screed. Rough base should be smooth, durable, hard, and weakly absorbent. Therefore, experts recommend:

If the base is formed in the bathroom, then it would be nice to think about waterproofing. On plywood, OSB, chipboard you can use:

• various painting or spraying mastics on polymer based(RedGard Liquid Waterproofing, Ceresit CL 51, Kiilto Fibergum);
• special adhesive water barrier membranes made from polyethylene and other polymer materials(Schluter Ditra, Superseal Shower N Floor). These products are universal, and the method of their installation allows the installation of infrared mats for heating tile floors.

Can tiles be laid on plywood using tile adhesive? Let us recall that wood-composite boards have a dynamic coefficient much higher than that of ceramics. Therefore, for reliable and high-quality fixation of the coating, purchase highly elastic adhesive compositions based on cement or polymer (Knauf Flexkleber, Ceresit CM 17, Litoacryl Plus). Simple cheap mixtures will not give the same result even when using reinforcing metal mesh or fiberglass.

Some craftsmen offer customers to lay ceramics using “liquid nails” compounds. This installation method also has a right to life, but only in small areas.

Gluing tiles using liquid nails glue.

Step-by-step instruction

Suitable for kitchens, balconies, bathrooms, hallways and other rooms floor ceramics thickness from 8 mm. To install it you will need the following:

• adhesive composition and elastic fungicidal grout on a cement or polymer (in the form of colored sealant) base;
• waterproofing (for wet rooms) complete with a special damper tape;
• primer;
• hydraulic level;
• tape measure, construction pencil and ruler or dyeing thread for marking (tapping cord);
• screws or other hardware;
• sanding machine and construction vacuum cleaner;
• notched spatula for application adhesive composition;
• a spatula for applying grout, a sponge and a container of water to remove excess;
• tile cutter;
• crosses or any type of SVP (DLS, Litolevel, PLS, etc.).

Tiles are laid on plywood in 4 stages:

Surface preparation

We repeat - the base must be smooth, durable, dry and grease-free. Therefore, check the floor for:

It is advisable to prime the prepared surface. Plywood laid in damp rooms also requires additional waterproofing using mastics or special adhesive membranes.

Surface marking and tile adjustment

Layout diagrams.

Then you need to mark using a tapping cord, calculate the center of the room and tile the floor from the reference point.

Layout diagrams from the center.

The edge elements are cut with a tile cutter. If the remainder is too small (less than 5 cm in width), you can move the baseline slightly, as shown in the diagram below.

Some craftsmen prefer to work from the far corner, but in this case the overall pattern turns out to be offset.

Gluing tiles

The pottery items are carefully collected and set aside. Now you need to prepare the adhesive solution according to the instructions. When using a dispersion composition, you can simply stir it.

Using a notched trowel, apply a small amount of adhesive mass to the base, distribute in a circular motion, and place ceramic products according to the diagram below, press down a little and install crosses or tile leveling systems. Periodically it is necessary to check the evenness of the coating with a hydraulic level.

Finishing seams

Treatment of seams with water-repellent compounds.

After laying the entire coating, you can begin grouting the joints. Cement masses mixed with water; for sealants it is better to use a gun. Ready solution applied into the gaps with a spatula and carefully leveled. After 10-30 minutes, in accordance with the instructions, the surface should be washed with a damp sponge until the coating is clean. Finishing touch– seam processing water-repellent compounds(Prospectors Fuga-shine, Glims Fobos Primer, Litokol Litolast, etc.)

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Sooner or later it comes to floor coverings.

And in order for the surface to be perfectly flat, it must be leveled. And this applies to any materials.

Today it is very possible to lay tiles on the floor, because thanks to special coatings, such floors have become quite safe.

But is it possible to lay tiles on plywood? We'll talk about this below.

In fact, the network has its own nuances in this matter.

It will depend on them how high-quality and reliable the final result will be.

Therefore, it is worth examining these problems in more detail.

So let's get started.

In order for the floor to be reliable, Special attention You need to pay attention to the plywood itself.

Such crosses vary from 0.1 to 0.3 cm in size.

Grouting of joints begins only when the glue is completely dry.

• separators are removed from the seams
• the entire floor is re-cleaned of debris and additionally wiped with a damp sponge
• While the surface is drying, dilute the selected grout in a container
• using a rubber spatula, apply the product to the seams
• after a few minutes, clean the surface of the tile itself with a damp cloth to remove excess grout
• as soon as everything dries, the entire floor is washed again, but with detergent

After 72 hours, the seams must be treated with another special grout. It is spread and applied to the seams with a rubber knife at the joints of the elements. Here also after some time it will be carried out wet cleaning, and after half an hour, wipe the surface with a dry cloth.

After such events, the floor is ready for full use.

Advantages and disadvantages

Having familiarized yourself with the requirements and technology for laying tiles on the floor, you can sum up - is it worth it? To answer this question, you just need to evaluate all the advantages and disadvantages of such a flooring system.

TO strengths the following can be attributed:

• This type of flooring allows you to cope with the work in a short time, while it entails a minimum of dirt
• an excellent option for frame houses, since here the load on the floor is not only evenly distributed, but it is also minimal
• the service life of the base is quite long, as it has high strength, but this is provided that all requirements (especially regarding plywood) have been met
• All adhesive mixtures used for this installation provide additional waterproofing, so tiles on plywood can even be used for bathrooms

But for the sake of fairness, it’s worth going over the negative aspects of such flooring. These include:

• the quality of the result and the duration are largely influenced by the thickness of the plywood (which is why you should not save on such material, but immediately purchase sheets with a minimum value of 2.2 cm)
• if you are making a floor for a kitchen, corridor or bathroom, then in no case should you forget about additional waterproofing, although this will incur another financial investment
• You cannot install a “warm floor” system under tiles on plywood.

But all the disadvantages can easily be turned into advantages; the main thing is to remember all the requirements for such a process.

Many people wonder not only about flooring, but also whether it is possible to lay tiles on plywood on the wall?

Moreover, the conditions for laying and choosing plywood do not differ from those for flooring.

And so that all the work goes not only quickly, but also efficiently, you should familiarize yourself with the advice of professionals:

• any base must first be cleaned of any coatings
• It is advisable to seal the joints and the floor before starting work
• The minimum thickness of the base plywood should be 2.2 cm, but the thinner the tile or larger its dimensions, the thicker the sheet should be. As a last resort, if it is not possible to purchase required material, installation of additional sheets of plywood is allowed.
• You can’t skimp on screws, spending at least 9 pieces on one sheet of plywood.
• if the tiles are laid on the wall, then for every two rows it is worth nailing a thin wooden slats, which will allow the upper elements not to slide down
• It is imperative to use a building level after laying each tile, otherwise the evenness of the surface can be questioned
• plywood needs to be sanded not only after installation, but also before, in order to avoid possible defects
• if installation is in progress wooden base on the screed, then waterproofing is carried out, and here both materials for the appropriate purpose and special impregnations for sheets are used
• Do not neglect the “cross” separators, otherwise it will be difficult to achieve even seams
• the final grout should be intended specifically for floor coverings
• installation begins from the far corner of the room, at the opposite end from the entrance

When planning renovations in a room, owners are faced with the selection of materials for finishing construction. Considering that the main load during operation falls on the floor surface, special attention is paid to it. Porcelain stoneware is considered one of the most durable and affordable coatings on the market. But no matter how high the properties of the material, it will lose its qualities as a result of incorrect installation, the features of which depend on base surface and the degree of its preparation. How to properly lay porcelain tiles on plywood and prepare the base is described in the text below.

Why porcelain tiles?

The production of porcelain stoneware slabs for flooring and wall cladding in industrial and auxiliary premises has been organized by Italians for a long time, but only in the eighties were technologies developed and introduced that made it possible to give them exceptional design qualities. Glaze coating, different shades and texture solutions allowed the material to take its rightful place among finishing materials.

Material characteristics:

• Porcelain tiles are an environmentally friendly product, since only proven products are used in their production. starting materials, however, there are no recommendations to limit use in premises with children or people with special needs.
• In production, the technology of pressing and firing the molded blank is used, which produces a durable material that cannot be destroyed by exposure to water, chemicals aggressive environment, temperature fluctuations;
• The density of the material makes it possible to declare the possibility of its use under large weight loads and resistance to destructive mechanical effects.

Exterior decoration buildings

• The surface of the tile does not change its external characteristics for a long time when operating conditions change and is recommended for use for interior decoration and external cladding of the task, arrangement of sites, laying paths.
• After long-term operation the surface of the tile may lose its brightness of color, but applying an additional layer of a special dye will give the product a presentable appearance.
• The tiled floor is maintained in good sanitary condition without the use of special equipment and chemical compositions– simple wet cleaning.
• The price of the product is affordable for most consumers.

Important! When purchasing porcelain stoneware products, make sure of the quality of the product. To do this, please read the product certificate of conformity.

Design solutions

From correct calculation The amount of material for forming a porcelain stoneware floor, the planned installation scheme, directly depend on the financial costs of repairs, in connection with this it is important to consider the following:

1. It is customary to add 15% to the area of ​​purchased tiles for trimming to adjust the covering to the perimeter of the room. With complex styling patterns (zigzag, checkerboard), the increase in volume will be another 5%.
2. When selecting tiles it has great importance tone and caliber, where the latter is the difference between the declared and actual size of the product. There are often cases when the parameters of 300 × 300 mm are indicated on the packaging, but in reality they differ by several millimeters up or down. The reason for this is that the manufacturer calibrates the products after carrying out the entire complex of technological measures and packages them in packages, indicating the rounded size. The tiles in one package are uniform, but in another batch they may differ. With large floor areas and small discrepancies, geometric errors can be leveled out due to the expansion joint and the thickness of the adhesive.

Porcelain tiles

1. There is a high probability that the tone of the product in different boxes is also different. Therefore, when purchasing a product, it is important to select according to this parameter.
2. Giving preference to formation complex pattern, it seems useful for a person without sufficient experience to mark the base according to the expected outlines. This will help you accurately calculate required quantity tile material and make sure making the right choice ornament.

Important! If you decide to lay tiles using a seamless method, pay special attention to the uniformity of the calibration and tone of the purchased materials.

Preparatory activities

The result of laying ceramic magnetic tiles on the floor depends on the correct preparation of the base surface, the use of high-quality glue, and the availability of the necessary tools.

The rigidity of the base is a guarantee of the reliability of the floor covering. If it is represented by plywood, consider the following points:

1. The thickness of the plywood for the base is selected within the range of 22 - 28 mm.
2. To avoid dynamic stress on the surface, you should not use solid plywood sheets. It is recommended to dissolve them into four parts and lay them in a checkerboard pattern, leaving thermal gaps up to 5 mm in size.
3. The plywood is fastened with self-tapping screws of sufficient size in increments of no more than 150 mm, recessing the heads.
4. The surface is ground and primed with special compounds.

Plywood base

When installing porcelain stoneware on a plywood base, the use of cement-containing mixtures is not allowed. On the market building materials You can find two suitable types of glue: for interior and exterior use. Adhesive compositions for porcelain tiles are presented in packaged powder mass. Preparation of the working mixture is a process of thorough mixing with water, while the powder is added to the liquid, the opposite will lead to the formation of lumps.

• measuring instruments (tape tape, building level, metal ruler);
• construction trowel;
• spatula for spreading glue;
• a container of sufficient volume to prepare the adhesive mixture;
• an electric drill, supplemented with a special nozzle for mixing working compounds;
• rags.

Mixing glue

Important! Before preparing the adhesive composition, carefully read the attached instructions for preparation and use. Manufacturers' requirements may vary.

Tile installation

After proper preparation of the base and acquisition of the calculated amount of adhesive, the actual installation of the tiles begins. The work is carried out taking into account the following recommendations:

1. The adhesive composition is prepared in portions - the period of preliminary “setting” after application to the surface does not exceed 15 minutes. Depending on the selected tile size, plan the area for using a one-time batch of glue.
2. For inexperienced builders, it is recommended to use preliminary markings for placing tiles along the entire floor plane.
3. If the surface is unmarked, laying the tiles begins from the far wall from the second row. In the future - in accordance with the chosen ornament. Tiles adjacent to the walls are glued in last resort, since it often requires adjustment due to uneven joints.

Start of installation

1. While working with building level check the strictly horizontal position of the tiles. When using the suture method, special inserts are used - two on each adjacent side.
2. Excess and drops of glue that fall on the front surface of the mounted product are immediately removed using a previously prepared rag.
3. If there are sanitary equipment or pipes, their locations are covered with tiles last. Pruning is carried out as carefully as possible. To obtain an aesthetic appearance use additional decorative overlays.
4. After the adhesive composition has dried (the time is indicated on the packaging of the mixture), the seams are rubbed with a special paste. To do this, use a rubber spatula, and remove the residue with a sponge.

Grouting joints

Familiarization with the requirements for preparing a base for a plywood floor and the procedure for directly installing porcelain tiles on it will allow you to lay the floors yourself with tiles in a short time. The result of the work will be reliable flooring with the longest service life without loss of user qualities. Proper care behind the surface will allow you to keep the room in proper sanitary condition.